Journal articles: 'Distribution factor method'

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Syarifuddin, Nojeng, Syamsir, Jaya Arif, Syarifuddin Andi, and Yusri Hassan Mohammad. "Distribution Factor Method Modified for Determine of Load Contribute based on the Power Factor in Transmission Line." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 11, no. 3 (2018): 1236–42. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i3.pp1236-1242.

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This paper proposes a modification of distribution factor methods for identifying the load contribute in a transmission open access, with regard to the load power factor. This method may be considered as the first pricing strategy to be proposed in bilateral transaction for transmission usage, based on the actual use of the transmission network. The merit of this method relies on the existence of a load power factor with GLDF methods, which allocate the transmission cost, not only based on the amount of power flow but also on the load characteristic. A case study utilizing the IEEE 30-bus system was conducted to illustrate the contribution of the proposed method in allocating the transmission usage to the user in a fair manner.

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2

Liu, L. H. "Backward Monte Carlo Method Based on Radiation Distribution Factor." Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer 18, no. 1 (2004): 151–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.2555.

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Rufin, Bidounda, Michel Koukouatikissa Diafouka, R. Ìeolie Foxie Miz Ìel Ìe Kitoti, and Dominique Miz`ere. "The Bivariate Extended Poisson Distribution of Type 1." European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics 14, no. 4 (2021): 1517–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v14i4.4151.

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In this paper, we will construct the bivariate extended Poisson distribution whichgeneralizes the univariate extended Poisson distribution. This law will be obtained by the method of the product of its marginal laws by a factor. This method was demonstrated in [7]. Thus we call the bivariate extended Poisson distribution of type 1 the bivariate extended Poisson distribution obtained by the method of the product of its marginal distributions by a factor. We will show that this distribution belongs to the family of bivariate Poisson distributions and and will highlight the conditions relating to the independence of the marginal variables. A simulation study was realised.

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Wulandari, Rinjani Tri, and Anton Mulyono Azis. "The Saving Matrix Method for Improving Distribution Efficiency." Jurnal Manajemen Indonesia 22, no. 2 (2022): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.25124/jmi.v22i2.4239.

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The delivery route for the Bandung 40400 Mail Processing Center is determined based on the estimation using the zoning system, and this may trigger delays. This happens because of each vehicle can only deliver to one distribution center at a time. This makes the load factor level of vehicle utilization below 20%. This study aims to obtain the optimal route and delivery schedule to improve distribution efficiency and increase the load factor of vehicle capacity utilization. This quantitative research method uses the Saving Matrix algorithm on all distribution channels. The results obtained indicate that the optimal delivery routes are 5 to 6 cluster. This saves mileage of up to 144 km per route per day and saves distribution costs of up to Rp. 39,146.50 for one delivery. In addition, there was an increase in the load factor of 18.37% for dropping 1 and 16.49% for dropping 2. By using the proposed route, a resume of the delivery schedule is obtained with clearer departure and arrival times and saving times up to 275 minutes. Furthermore, the expansion of the scope of research and comparing the level of effectiveness between distribution centers in various regions can be carried out as a follow-up study. Keywords—Saving matrix algorithm; Delivery routes; Load factor; Scheduling

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Abdul Saleem, Shaik, J. V. G. Rama Rao, and Reddy Ch Lokeshwar. "Rehabilitation and Techno design of Distribution transformer and 11kV feeder of a radial distribution system." E3S Web of Conferences 472 (2024): 01019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202447201019.

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In any transmission and distribution system- the performance of that system mainly depends on voltage regulation and efficiency. Hence for the better operation of the system, it is required to maintain constant voltage regulation with good power factor and low power loss throughout the feeder. This can be achieved by using various methods. Out of those, placement of a capacitor bank at the densely loaded areas is the best-proven method compared to any other method. This research work considered the feeder-5 of the Al-Uwainath primary substation which was suffering from low voltage–poor regulation- problems. Here in this research modeled and analyzed 3 different techniques for rehabilitation to this low voltage, poor regulation, and power factor problem and recommended the most efficient method out of the three methods. As a part of this project simulated the same conditions of the site after collecting the data of the feeder from the site by using ETAP software and checked the performance by calculating its voltage regulation, power losses, and power factor in all three 3 different methods and recommended the most efficient method of feeder-5 rehabilitation by comparing the results of three methods with the exciting system.

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Zulkifli, Akhmad, Meisarah Riandini, B. Herawan Hayadi, and Elyandri Prasiwiningrum. "Application Method Certainty Factor in Electrical Damage." JOURNAL OF ICT APLICATIONS AND SYSTEM 2, no. 1 (2023): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.56313/jictas.v2i1.236.

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Electricity is need main For life people human . Electricity is used man For various type activity human . Electricity plays a big role for life , like For lighting , cooking , and so on . Almost all activity daily use electricity . Almost every home in Indonesia, both in the city nor village Already trellis with electricity . For stream and distribute electricity to each home , office nor distant institutions _ away , then needed Transformer Distribution . Transformer Distribution This own objective use special that is, to lower voltage tall to voltage low , so that the voltage used in accordance with equipment ratings electricity customer or load in general . For help in handle problem damage Transformer distribution , then one is needed branch from Knowledge computer that is System Expert . System Expert is system based computer that uses knowledge , facts , and techniques reasoning in solve problem , which usually is only can completed by one expert in field certain . (Putri, 2020). The method used in research _ This is Certainty Factor. Study This apply certainty factor method For role in diagnose damage to electricity . Based on results discussion on with choose one _ damage namely P1 ( Oil transformer go out from the transformer body ) on the study case obtained decision level accuracy that is as big That's 5.650198%. means system expert certainty factor method can overcome damage and deliver results diagnosis good at damage electricity

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Liu, Shu Zhi. "Improved Moment Distribution Method and its Application." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 3163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.3163.

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Change the general idea of the moment distribution method to analyze problems,not repeat fixed and relax joints to achieve a balance moment, but by the correction of the bending stiffness,deduced the moment carryover factor,moment once distributed and transferred twice you can get the moment exact solution.. Particularly suitable for the calculation of continuous beam internal forces and determination of envelope diagram and the influence lines of beam.

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Koukouatikissa Diafouka, M., C. G. Louzayadio, R. O. Malouata, N. R. Ngabassaka, and R. BIdounga. "ON A BIVARIATE KATZ’S DISTRIBUTION." Advances in Mathematics: Scientific Journal 11, no. 10 (2022): 955–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37418/amsj.11.10.11.

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In this paper, we propose the bivariate distribution of the univariate Katz distribution [7] using the technique of the product of marginal distributions by a multiplicative factor. This method has been examined in [11] and used in [9] to construct a bivariate Poisson distribution. The obtained model is a good way to unify bivariate Poisson, bivariate binomial and bivariate negative binomial distributions and has interesting properties. Among others, the correlation coefficient of the obtained model can be either positive, negative, or null, and the necessary condition of zero correlation is a necessary and sufficient condition for independence. We used two methods to estimate the parameters: the method of moments and the maximum likelihood method. An application to concrete insurance data has been made. This data concerns natural events insurance in the USA and third-party liability automobile insurance in France [13].

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Jiří, Brychta, Janeček Miloslav, and Walmsley Alena. "Crop-management factor calculation using weights of spatio-temporal distribution of rainfall erosivity." Soil and Water Research 13, No. 3 (2018): 150–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/100/2017-swr.

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Inappropriate integration of USLE or RUSLE equations with GIS tools and Remote Sensing (RS) data caused many simplifications and distortions of their original principles. Many methods of C and R factor estimation were developed due to the lack of optimal data for calculations according to original methodology. This paper focuses on crop-management factor evaluation (C) weighted by fully distributed form of rainfall erosivity factor (R) distribution throughout the year. We used high resolution (1-min) data from 31 ombrographic stations (OS) in the Czech Republic (CR) for monthly R map creation. All steps of the relatively time-consuming C calculation were automated in GIS environment with an innovative procedure of R factor weight determination for each agro-technical phase by land parcel geographic location. Very high spatial and temporal variability of rainfall erosivity within each month and throughout the year can be observed from our results. This highlights the importance of C factor calculation using a correctly presented method with emphasis on the geographic location of given land parcels.

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Ihaddadene, Razika, Nabila Ihaddadene, and Marouane Mostefaoui. "Estimation of monthly wind speed distribution basing on hybrid Weibull distribution." World Journal of Engineering 13, no. 6 (2016): 509–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-09-2016-0084.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze and compare four numerical methods to estimate the most suitable one which describes wind speed distribution of M’Sila, a province of northern Algeria. Design/methodology/approach The site chosen in this investigation is characterized by calm winds; in this case, the appropriate wind speed distribution is that of hybrid Weibull. Findings The four numerical methods used in the present paper are the maximum likelihood method, the graphical method, the moment method and the energy pattern factor method. The hybrid Weibull distributions using the abovementioned approaches are compared with the measured data via three statistical parameters, namely, the correlation coefficient, the root mean square error and the Chi-square error. Originality/value The obtained results showed that the moment method is the suitable one in describing month and annual wind speed hybrid Weibull parameters of this region.

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Amit, Dogra, and Abstract Taqdir. "Attack Detection within Network using Hybridization of Bisection TDE." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 9, no. 3 (2020): 892–95. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.C5373.029320.

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Today the leading cause of attack is traffic distribution that affects transmission as well as network performance. Traditionally the mechanism is utilized for detecting traffic distribution is not so accurate, user friendly and also they are time consuming. Therefore in this paper a hybrid approach is used that detect attacks by eliminating replicated features. It utilizes TDE with bisection mechanism that has great attack detection rate The result of the proposed system as compared to existing system is better by the margin of 8 to 10%.. The primary reason for the betterment is because of contrast enhancement and scaling factor at pre-processing and objective function overhead consideration at segmentation and classification phase. The results are shown in terms of accuracy, PSNR and MSE.

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ANDRADE, Larissa Ribeiro de, Daniel Furtado FERREIRA, Thelma SÁFADI, and Lúcia Pereira BARROSO. "BAYESIAN ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC FACTOR MODELS USING MULTIVARIATE T DISTRIBUTION." REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE BIOMETRIA 36, no. 1 (2018): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.28951/rbb.v36i1.155.

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The multivariate t models are symmetric and have heavier tail than the normal distribution and produce robust inference procedures for applications. In this paper, the Bayesian estimation of a dynamic factor model is presented, where the factors follow a multivariate autoregressive model, using the multivariate t distribution. Since the multivariate t distribution is complex, it was represented in this work as a mix of the multivariate normal distribution and a square root of a chi-square distribution. This method allowed the complete dene of all the posterior distributions. The inference on the parameters was made taking a sample of the posterior distribution through a Gibbs Sampler. The convergence was veried through graphical analysis and the convergence diagnostics of Geweke (1992) and Raftery and Lewis (1992).

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13

LI, Yinsheng, Hiroaki DOI, Masaaki KIKUCHI, and Kunio HASEGAWA. "OS0831 Calculation Method for Stress Intensity Factor Considering Complicated Stress Distribution." Proceedings of the Materials and Mechanics Conference 2012 (2012): _OS0831–1_—_OS0831–3_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemm.2012._os0831-1_.

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14

Nojeng, Syarifuddin, Syamsir Syamsir, Arif Jaya, Andi Syarifuddin, and Mohammad Yusri Hassan. "Distribution Factor Method Modified for Determine of Load Contribute based on the Power Factor in Transmission Line." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 11, no. 3 (2018): 1236. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i3.pp1236-1242.

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<p>This paper proposes a modification of distribution factor methods for identifying the load contribute in a transmission open access, with regard to the load power factor. This method may be considered as the first pricing strategy to be proposed in bilateral transaction for transmission usage, based on the actual use of the transmission network. The merit of this method relies on the existence of a load power factor with GLDF methods, which allocate the transmission cost, not only based on the amount of power flow but also on the load characteristic. A case study utilizing the IEEE 30-bus system was conducted to illustrate the contribution of the proposed method in allocating the transmission usage to the user in a fair manner.</p>

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15

Zhou, Xuanyi, Ming Gu, and Gang Li. "Constrained Least-Squares Method for Computing Equivalent Static Wind Loads of Large-Span Roofs." Advances in Structural Engineering 17, no. 10 (2014): 1497–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.17.10.1497.

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Equivalent static wind loads (ESWL) are widely used by structural designers to determine a specific response of large-scale structures. However, structural designers usually pay attention to more responses. Thus, this study proposes a constrained least-squares method to compute the ESWL distribution that can simultaneously target multi-responses. The loading distribution is regarded as a linear combination of basic load distributions. Two forms of basic load distribution are presented herein. The magnitude range of ESWLs is limited by controlling the bounds of the participation factor, which can be regarded as a constrained linear least-squares problem. Furthermore, since only a few structural responses are usually emphasized by structural designers, weighting factor is imported to improve the accuracy of these focused responses. To verify its computational accuracy, the method is applied to a real large-span roof structure. The results of calculations show that a reasonable magnitude of ESWL distribution can be achieved. There seems to always be a balance between the number of targeted responses and computational accuracy.

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Su, Shiwei, Yiran You, and Yu Zou. "COMPREHENSIVE METHOD FOR EVALUATION OF MEDIUM- AND LOW-VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION NETWORK OPERATING STATE." Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika 2020, no. 6 (2020): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/techned2020.06.047.

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With the development of intelligent distribution networks and access to distributed energy, the solving the problem of timely and accurate determination of the operating state of the distribution network is an urgent task. Based on an improved analysis of the principle components of the network and statements of a self-organizing neural network, this article proposes the method to evaluate the operating state of medium- and low-voltage distribution networks. At the first step, the system of evaluating indices of the network is formed by advanced component analysis. The evaluation system is grounded on four aspects, including safety, reliability, quality and economy. Next, the self-organizing neural network is used to identify and clean up the data regarding the operating state of the distribution network. At the next step, the indicators are modeled at all levels; the entropy method is applied to calculate the total weight of all indicators. Then the value of each indicator is found and the weak links of the distribution network are determined. At the final stage, the comprehensive assessment of the real operation of the distribution network in Guangxi province is carried out. As shown, the method can effectively reduce the effect of abnormal data and subjectivity factor on the results of evaluating the state of the distribution network. That confirms the feasibility and practicability of the proposed method. References 22, figures 6, tables 6.

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Anghel, Cristian Gabriel, and Cornel Ilinca. "Predicting Flood Frequency with the LH-Moments Method: A Case Study of Prigor River, Romania." Water 15, no. 11 (2023): 2077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15112077.

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The higher-order linear moments (LH-moments) method is one of the most commonly used methods for estimating the parameters of probability distributions in flood frequency analysis without sample censoring. This article presents the relationships necessary to estimate the parameters for eight probability distributions used in flood frequency analysis. Eight probability distributions of three parameters using first- and second-order LH-moments are presented, namely the Pearson V distribution, the CHI distribution, the inverse CHI distribution, the Wilson–Hilferty distribution, the Pseudo-Weibull distribution, the Log-normal distribution, the generalized Pareto Type I distribution and the Fréchet distribution. The exact and approximate relations for parameter estimation are presented, as are the exact and approximate relations for estimating the frequency factor specific to each method. In addition, the exact and approximate relationships of variation in the LH-skewness–LH-kurtosis are presented, as is the variation diagram of these statistical indicators. To numerically represent the analyzed distributions, a flood frequency analysis case study using the annual maximum series was carried out for the Prigor River. The analysis is presented compared to the linear moments (L-moments) method, which is the method that is intended to be used in the development of a new norm in Romania for determining the maximum flows. For the Prigor River, the most fit distributions are the Pseudo-Weibull and the generalized Pareto Type I for the linear moments method and the CHI and the Wilson–Hilferty distributions for the first higher-order linear moments method. The performance was evaluated using linear and higher-order linear moment values and diagrams.

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Pawan, Rathore, Naidu Garima, Agnihotri Ganga, and Khan Baseem. "ACTIVE POWER AND COST ALLOCATION IN OPEN ACCESS ENVIRONMENT UTILIZING POWER FLOW TRACING METHOD CONSIDERING N-1 CONTINGENCY CONDITION." Electrical & Computer Engineering: An International Journal (ECIJ) 3, no. 2 (2014): 25–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3403490.

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The transmission usage cost allocation is one of the major issues experienced by the Electric Supply Industries. In this paper, authors have considered Line Outage Distribution Factor (LODF) for allocating the transmission usage cost allocation under contingency condition. Authors have modified the distribution factor for maximum flow and propose a novel Maximum Line Outage Distribution Factor (MLODF) which depends upon the redistribution of the generation in the line flow considering N-1 security constraints. Similarly, for transmission loss cost allocation under contingency condition Maximum Line Outage Loss Distribution Factor (MLOLDF) is developed. Full recovery policy of transmission cost allocation is considered. The reliability and accuracy of the proposed method is tested on the sample 6 bus system.

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Tobe, T., and K. Inoue. "Longitudinal Load Distribution Factor of Helical Gears." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 107, no. 1 (1985): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3258682.

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This paper deals with the longitudinal load distribution and the bending moment distribution of a pair of helical gears with a known total alignment error. The load distribution along the contact lines is calculated by the finite element method based on the plate theory including transverse shear deformation. Empirical formulas for both longitudinal load distribution factor and bending moment distribution factor are proposed for practical use. The load distribution factor in AGMA 218.01 is examined, and it is concluded that the load distribution factor is close to the calculated results if the value of unity is taken as the transverse load distribution factor.

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Sorgog, Kiyan, and Masashi Kamo. "Quantifying the precision of ecological risk: Conventional assessment factor method vs. species sensitivity distribution method." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 183 (November 2019): 109494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109494.

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Woo, Youngyun, Taewoo Hwang, Ilyeong Oh, Dongmyeong Seo, and Younghoon Moon. "Analysis on selective laser melting of WC-reinforced H13 steel composite powder by finite element method." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 11, no. 1 (2019): 168781401882220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814018822200.

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A three-dimensional finite element model for the selective laser melting process was developed to analyze the melting behavior of WC-reinforced H13 steel composite powder. In this model, convection and radiation on the external surface during laser irradiation were considered, and moving Gaussian heat flux was assumed in the thermal model. The molten pool geometry based on the simulated temperature distributions was investigated for various parameters such as distribution factor, packing efficiency, absorption coefficient, and specific heat factor. The input values of density, conductivity, and specific heat were obtained from the rule of mixture, and absorption coefficients were experimentally determined at given mixing ratios of WC and H13 steel. The simulation results showed that the relative fractions of WC and H13 steel powder significantly affect molten pool geometry. In terms of point-of-process parameters, the distribution factor, packing efficiency, and absorption coefficient are the main parameters that control molten pool geometry.

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Chai, Ao, Rui Ge, Shixv Zhang, et al. "An Accelerated Algorithm of Carbon Emission Factors for Distribution Networks." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 3015, no. 1 (2025): 012016. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3015/1/012016.

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Abstract With the increasing integration of distributed generation resources such as photovoltaics into distribution networks, the spatiotemporal variability of electricity carbon emission factors has become more pronounced, which cannot be accurately described by traditional average emission factor method. Meanwhile, most existing high-resolution carbon emission factor calculation methods rely on matrix-based centralized carbon flow algorithms, which still face efficiency challenges when applied to large-scale power systems and scenarios such as minute-level real-time monitoring. This paper proposes an accelerated algorithm for calculating the carbon emission factors of distribution networks. Firstly, a node aggregation method is proposed to reduce the system’s node scale. Secondly, a sparse matrix method is applied to optimize the data structure, improving the data reading and writing process, thus promoting the computation speed. Thirdly, a data-driven approach is employed to linearize the coupling model between the carbon emission injection of generation units and carbon emission factor in each node, thus reducing computational complexity. Finally, the proposed methods were validated through IEEE 9-node, IEEE 39-node, and IEEE 118-node systems. The results indicate that the proposed approach can effectively enhance the efficiency of carbon emission factor calculation and provides a solution for real-time carbon emission analysis and monitoring in the power system.

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Cao, Xiao Hua, Dong Yan Wang, and Hai Hua Hu. "DBD Reactor Electric Field Distribution and Influence Factor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 1448–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.1448.

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As an effective method in automobile tail gas treatment, dielectric barrier discharge（DBD）is introduced. There are many parameters In DBD reactor that influence nitrogen oxide treatment reaction including discharge voltage, discharge frequency, discharge distance, gas influence and electrode structure. Discuss the influence of discharge voltage, discharge distance and medium thickness to electric field distribution in cylindrical DBD reactor through 2D numerical simulation

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Zang, Danfeng, Jian Li, Chuankun Li, Mingxing Ma, Chenli Guo, and Jiangang Wang. "Supervised-Learning-Based Method for Restoring Subsurface Shallow-Layer Q Factor Distribution." Electronics 13, no. 11 (2024): 2145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13112145.

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The distribution of shallow subsurface quality factors (Q) is a crucial indicator for assessing the integrity of subsurface structures and serves as a primary parameter for evaluating the attenuation characteristics of seismic waves propagating through subsurface media. As the complexity of underground spaces increases, regions expand, and testing environments diversify, the survivability of test nodes is compromised, resulting in sparse effective seismic data with a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Within the confined area defined by the source and sensor placement, only the Q factor along the wave propagation path can be estimated with relative accuracy. Estimating the Q factor in other parts of the area is challenging. Additionally, in recent years, deep neural networks have been employed to address the issue of missing values in seismic data; however, these methods typically require large datasets to train networks that can effectively fit the data, making them less applicable to our specific problem. In response to this challenge, we have developed a supervised learning method for the restoration of shallow subsurface Q factor distributions. The process begins with the construction of an incomplete labeled data volume, followed by the application of a block-based data augmentation technique to enrich the training samples and train the network. The uniformly partitioned initial data are then fed into the trained network to obtain output data, which are subsequently combined to form a complete Q factor data volume. We have validated this training approach using various networks, all yielding favorable results. Additionally, we compared our method with a data augmentation approach that involves creating random masks, demonstrating that our method reduces the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) by 5%.

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Liu, Yun, and Yusheng Xue. "Cascading Outage Analyses by Integrating Distribution Factor Method With AC Power Flow." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 180887–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2958960.

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Akdağ, Seyit Ahmet, and Önder Güler. "A novel energy pattern factor method for wind speed distribution parameter estimation." Energy Conversion and Management 106 (December 2015): 1124–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2015.10.042.

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TANDOGAN, ASLI, and ANATOLY V. RADYUSHKIN. "METHOD OF ANALYTIC EVOLUTION OF FLAT DISTRIBUTION AMPLITUDES IN QCD." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 04 (January 2011): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194511001723.

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A new analytical method of performing ERBL evolution is described. The main goal is to develop an approach that works for distribution amplitudes that do not vanish at the end points, for which the standard method of expansion in Gegenbauer polynomials is inefficient. Two cases of the initial DA are considered: a purely flat DA, given by the same constant for all x, and an antisymmetric DA given by opposite constants for x ≷ 1/2. For a purely flat DA, the evolution is governed by an overall [Formula: see text] dependence on the evolution parameter t times a factor that was calculated as an expansion in t. For an antisymmetric flat DA, an extra overall factor |1 - 2x|2t appears due to a jump at x = 1/2. A good convergence was observed in the t ≲ 1/2 region. For larger t, one can use the standard method of the Gegenbauer expansion.

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Ahmed, Samir Badawi, Hajar Yusoff Siti, Mohammed Zyoud Alhareth, et al. "Data bank: nine numerical methods for determining the parameters of weibull for wind energy generation tested by five statistical tools." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive System (IJPEDS) 12, no. 2 (2021): 1114–30. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v12.i2.pp1114-1130.

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This study aims to determine the potential of wind energy in the mediterranean coastal plain of Palestine. The parameters of the Weibull distribution were calculated on basis of wind speed data. Accordingly, two approaches were employed: analysis of a set of actual time series data and theoretical Weibull probability function. In this analysis, the parameters Weibull shape factor ‘k’ and the Weibull scale factor ‘c’ were adopted. These suitability values were calculated using the following popular methods: method of moments (MM), standard deviation method (STDM), empirical method (EM), maximum likelihood method (MLM), modified maximum likelihood method (MMLM), second modified maximum likelihood method (SMMLM), graphical method (GM), least mean square method (LSM) and energy pattern factor method (EPF). The performance of these numerical methods was tested by root mean square error (RMSE), index of agreement (IA), Chi-square test (X2), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and relative root mean square error (RRMSE) to estimate the percentage of error. Among the prediction techniques. The EPF exhibited the greatest accuracy performance followed by MM and MLM, whereas the SMMLM exhibited the worst performance. The RMSE achieved the best prediction accuracy, whereas the RRMSE attained the worst prediction accuracy.

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Mundher, Zaid. "A Method for Investigating Coverage Area Issue in Dynamic Networks." Technium: Romanian Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology 4, no. 3 (2022): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/technium.v4i3.6342.

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Coverage area in dynamic networks is considered an important issue that affects their general performance. It also affects the delay time when exchanging data and the consumption of resources in the network. Moreover, the coverage area issue in dynamic networks is directly affected by the distributions of nodes within the environment. Movement patterns may also affect the performance when it comes to coverage area. Therefore, this work develops a method that simulates different scenarios. These scenarios include a variety of settings and parameters that are believed to affect the coverage area issue of dynamic networks. These experiments enable network developers to be aware of the optimal conditions that maximize the coverage area of dynamic network nodes and eventually improve the overall performance of the network. Three distributions are used in the experiments namely, Cauchy distribution, Power-Law distribution, and Normal distribution. Also, the simulations incorporate the correlation mobility model for nodes dynamics. The findings show that Cauchy distribution is not appropriate for simulating dynamic networks due to the large uncovered areas by nodes communications. Also, the stability of an approach is considered an important factor when measuring the performance of a dynamic network. The results of this research are important to avoid wasting network resources.

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CHEN, Y. Z., Z. X. WANG, and X. Y. LIN. "SINGULAR INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD FOR MULTIPLE FLAT PUNCH PROBLEM FOR AN ELASTIC HALF-PLANE." International Journal of Computational Methods 06, no. 04 (2009): 605–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876209002029.

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When a flat punch is indented on elastic half-plane, the singular stress distribution at the vicinity of the punch corners is studied. The angle distribution for the stress components is also achieved in an explicit form. From obtained singular stress distribution, the punch singular stress factor is defined. The multiple punch problem can be considered as a superposition of many single punch problems. Taking the stress distribution under the punch base as the unknown function and the deformation under punch as the right-hand term, a set of the singular integral equations for the multiple punch problem can be achieved. After the singular integral equations are solved, the stress distributions under punches can be obtained. In addition, the exerting locations of the resultant forces under punches can also be determined. Two numerical examples with the calculated results are presented.

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Goodrich, Brian L., and Jay A. Puckett. "Simplified Load Distribution for Vehicles with Nonstandard Axle Gauges." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1696, no. 1 (2000): 158–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1696-58.

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Several simplified methods have been developed to determine the live-load distribution factors for overweight vehicles on slab-on-girder bridges; however, these methods were developed for vehicles with standard axles. Many vehicles exist with nonstandard axle configurations, such as two-wheel axles that are wider than 6 ft (1.83 m) and four-wheel axles with wheels that are evenly or unevenly spaced. For these vehicles, a rigorous analysis is generally desired but is often deemed uneconomical. Therefore, a simplified method should be an asset to the bridge community and the trucking industry. A simplified method for determining live-load distribution factors for vehicles with nonstandard axle configurations is presented. Distribution factor formulas for moment and shear in interior and exterior girders are given. These formulas account for the transverse axle configurations that compose a vehicle. Several two- and four-wheel axle configurations are considered. The distribution factor formulas for slab-on-girder bridges presented in the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications are incorporated into the proposed simplified method. The simplified method formulas were developed to approximate the results from a rigorous finite strip method. Comparisons are presented as verification of the accuracy of the simplified method. The simplified method results are usually conservative and correlate reasonably well with the rigorous results. In general, simplified methods worked better for interior girders than for exterior girders, and moment was better predicted than shear.

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Pillai, Anu G. "Market Orient Wind Energy Regulation Model for Efficient Power Distribution in Power Grid Networks." E3S Web of Conferences 540 (2024): 03007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202454003007.

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The power regulation and distribution in smart cities has been well studied. There exists number of methods around the problem. Some of the method uses the voltage availability in the grids of power system and some of them use the cost of energy in the power grids. However, the methods suffer to achieve higher performance in power distribution and regulation. To handle this issue, an efficient Market Orient Wind Energy Regulation Model (MWERM) is presented in this article. The model monitors the production voltage in the power distribution system and market requirement at specific time. Based on that the method computes Market Requirement Factor (MRF) and Market Remuneration Factor (MReF) to compute the Market Energy Cost (MEC). The above factors are measured for various consumers and based on that the method identifies the energy distributor and perform regulation accordingly. The proposed method improves the performance of power distribution and regulation.

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Pencer, Jeremy, Susan Krueger, Carl P. Adams, and John Katsaras. "Method of separated form factors for polydisperse vesicles." Journal of Applied Crystallography 39, no. 3 (2006): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889806005255.

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Use of the Schulz or Gamma distribution in the description of particle sizes facilitates calculation of analytic polydisperse form factors using Laplace transforms, {\cal L}[f(u)]. Here, the Laplace transform approach is combined with the separated form factor (SFF) approximation [Kiselevet al.(2002).Appl. Phys. A,74, S1654–S1656] to obtain expressions for form factors,P(q), for polydisperse spherical vesicles with various forms of membrane scattering length density (SLD) profile. The SFF approximation is tested against exact form factors that have been numerically integrated over the size distribution, and is shown to represent the vesicle form factor accurately for typical vesicle sizes and membrane thicknesses. Finally, various model SLD profiles are used with the SFF approximation to fit experimental small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) curves from extruded unilamellar vesicles.

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Semenova, T., E. Mitenkova, and E. Solovyova. "FISSION MATRIX IN TDMCC CODE FOR LOOSELY COUPLED SYSTEMS CALCULATION." PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. SERIES: NUCLEAR AND REACTOR CONSTANTS 2019, no. 2 (2019): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.55176/2414-1038-2019-2-31-37.

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In loosely coupled systems the criticality calculations using the traditional Monte Carlo power generation methods can lead to incorrect effective multiplication factor and neutron distribution functions, which is largely due to the steady-state neutron source in system. In reactor systems, the power generation method ensures the correct neutron source formation with a proper eigenfunction for any initial neutron distributions. A traditional power generation method does not guarantee the adequate source formation in loosely coupled systems even under very large calculation statistics. To count the neutron distribution functions in loosely coupled systems in TDMCC code is implemented algorithm based on fission matrix. Its capabilities are demonstrated to count the fission rate distributions in loosely coupled system such a slab with extended inhomogeneous fuel zones.

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Węglarz, Katarzyna, Dawid Taler, Jan Taler, and Mateusz Marcinkowski. "Numerical method for determining pressure distribution in tube cross-flow heat exchangers." E3S Web of Conferences 551 (2024): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202455101003.

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This paper presents a numerical method for determining the pressure distribution along the fluid flow path in a cross-current hightemperature heat exchanger. The pressure drop across the superheater was determined using the momentum conservation equation, which was solved by the finite difference method. Local pressure losses at tube elbows were also taken into account. A new formula for calculating friction factor on rough tubes' inner surface is proposed. A straightforward model for the friction factor in tubes with a rough inner surface for Reynolds numbers in the interval 3000 - 108 has been proposed. The pressure distribution in the last stage of the live steam superheater in a 900 MWe supercritical boiler was calculated.

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Wang, Lan Xun, and Dan Fang Li. "A New Method for BCH Codes of Blind Recognition." Advanced Materials Research 631-632 (January 2013): 1403–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.631-632.1403.

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According to the invariance property of the BCH code and Euclidean algorithm to calculate the greatest common factor (GCF) between code group and its cyclic shift code group. There is a method by using the degree distribution probability sum function of the greatest common factor to recognize the code length of BCH code. On this basis, the GCF can be extracted of the greatest degree distribution probability from the sum function, with the generator polynomial obtained by decomposing the GCF. The simulation results show that this method can achieve the recognition probability above 95% with BER of 4×10-3，and the high BER is much better to recognize the short codes.

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Yu, XC, DP Zou, MZ Fan, X. Dong, and F. Du. "Vibration and noise suppression method of transformer." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2158, no. 1 (2022): 012030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2158/1/012030.

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Abstract Aiming at the problem of noise and vibration of distribution transformer body and base connector under heavy load, the corresponding relationship between vibration and noise, load and power factor of distribution transformer is studied in this paper. In order to improve the operation reliability of distribution transformer, a noise and vibration suppression method based on load scenario optimization is proposed. From the aspects of design reliability, data detection and noise level correction, the typical relationship between the increase of noise level and DC current, noise spectrum and DC bias noise is obtained, and the DC bias limiting measures and correction suggestions are given.

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Hsieh, Yi Chern, Minh Hai Doan, and Thi Thanh Hoi Pham. "The Study of Infrared Heating on PET Bottles by Experiment and Adaptive Finite Volume Method." Advanced Materials Research 591-593 (November 2012): 750–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.591-593.750.

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Stretch-Blow moulding (SBM) fabricate process is a well known method to produce PET bottles. During the construction procedure, PET surface temperature distribution controlled by infrared heating is the key factor about manufacture technique for the better quality of PET. This paper focuses on how to measure and estimate temperature distribution on the surface of semi-transparent polymers so that we can make sure the proper position and intensity of the infrared lamb. We use infrared camera to detect the real temperature distributions and C++ object-oriented programming to estimate the infrared radiation (IR) results by adaptive finite volume method (Adaptive FVM). The numerical results have been compared with experimental results and the consequence is satisfied. Multiple lambs’ cases and the interior temperature distribution in PET will be discussed in future.

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Wang Wei, 王威, 毛飞跃 Mao Feiyue, 龚威 Gong Wei, and 李俊 Li Jun. "Overlap Factor Calculation Method Based on Laser Intensity Distribution and its Sensitivity Analysis." Acta Optica Sinica 34, no. 2 (2014): 0228005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos201434.0228005.

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Jatmiko, Bambang, Siti Dyah Handayani, Udin Udin, et al. "Key-Factor Strategy of Creative Industry in Distribution Channel: A SWOT Analysis Method." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 17, no. 6 (2022): 1895–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.170624.

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This study aims to: (1) map the creative industries' strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in Yogyakarta - Indonesia. The data was collected directly from the source, i.e., primary and secondary data. SWOT analysis is used to analyze the data. The results show (a) the strength factors include: availability of human resources, cheaper living cost, Yogyakarta as a center of culture, tourism, and education; (b) the weakness factors include: low product innovation and creativity, 85.9% of the creative industry do not have a business license, and the creative industry database is not transparent; (c) opportunity factors include: the existence of a creative community, the existence of e-fulfillment (convenience services from JNE), and friendly logistics (digital marketing, warehousing, order fulfillment, technology development, shipping management, and delivery); (d) threat factors include: the existence of an ASEAN free market, namely the Asean Economic Community and product patents (trademarks). The Yogyakarta creative industry should carry out the strategies including (a) the development of the creative industry market; (b) creative industry market penetration; (c) creative industry product development; d) integration into the future; (e) backward integration; (f) horizontal integration, and (g) diversification related to creative industry products.

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LEUNG, A. Y. T., and S. C. WONG. "A Distribution Factor Method with Cubic Interpolationg Correction for Analysis of Building Frames." Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering 2, no. 4 (2008): 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8667.1987.tb00236.x.

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An, Gyu-Seon, Seon-Ju Ahn, Sang-Yun Yun, Joon-Ho Choi, and Seok-Il Go. "Application Method of CVR Factor Estimation and Economic Effect Analysis in Distribution Systems." Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 69, no. 6 (2020): 829–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/kiee.2020.69.6.829.

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Putra, Azma, Siti Norfarizan, Haryanti Samekto, and Mohd Azli Salim. "Static Analysis of a Laminated Rubber-Metal Spring Using Finite Element Method." Advanced Materials Research 845 (December 2013): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.845.86.

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The laminated rubber-metal spring has been widely applied for earthquake vibration isolation which deals mainly for horizontal motion at a very low frequency input. This article presents the effect of a vertical vibration input, which is also aimed at applying the laminated spring for high frequency excitation. Static analysis is discussed here using the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to observe the stress and strain distribution as well as the safety factor of the isolator due to the axial force. Solid rubber spring experiences greater deformation while it reduces for the laminated rubber-metal spring as more plates are embedded in the rubber. However, higher stress distributions occur on spring with multiple plates compared to solid rubber and the stress concentrate on steel plate layers. Strain distribution was observed to be high at solid rubber spring and it is decreasing on the laminated rubber-metal spring. The critical part for the strain distribution in the laminated rubber-metal spring is in the rubber layers.

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Pei, Ji Bin, Yun Feng Zhao, Shao Ping Yu, and Jie Zhao. "Allowable Stress Design of Rupture Strength Based on Confidence Level of 9Cr-1Mo Steel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 155-156 (February 2012): 1107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.155-156.1107.

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The scattering of creep rupture data was represented by Z-parameter method based on Larson-Miller method. It was verified that the values of Z were supported by normal distribution. After obtained the distribution characteristics of creep rupture data using Z-parameter, reliability design for rupture allowable stress was carried out according to design life. Safety factor method is used for safety guarantee in conventional rupture allowable stress design and minimum rupture strength method is used in some standard. In comparison with safety factor method and minimum rupture strength method, it can be seen that reliability design based on Z-parameter is more agree with experimental data than other methods. Reliability design provides more precise results by considering the real distribution of creep rupture property and provides more flexible choice for design due to the need of safety and economy.

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Li, Zheng, Hong Wu Zhu, Pin Xian Qiu, and Abdennour Seibi. "Analytical Method for Temperature Distribution in Buried HDPE Pipe." Advanced Materials Research 452-453 (January 2012): 1205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.452-453.1205.

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HDPE pipes have been widely used in industry, which were mostly buried underground. Because of special material properties, which were affected by temperature, it is necessary to get the temperature profile of buried HDPE pipe. Most past solutions for temperature distribution in buried pipe were numerical ones. The aim of this paper was to present a simple analytical model under steady-state heat transfer condition with a new special heat transfer coefficient introduced. FEM method was used to check this model. The influences of fluid temperature, soil surface temperature and soil depth on pipeline temperature were also analyzed. The results showed a good agreement between the analytical model and FEM method. And fluid temperature in pipe was proved to be the key factor that affected the pipe temperature .

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Bao, Fanglin, and Bo Zhang. "The fluctuation of eigenvalues in factor models." JUSTC 53, no. 11 (2023): 1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.52396/justc-2023-0016.

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We consider the fluctuation of eigenvalues in factor models and propose a new method for testing the model. Based on the characteristics of eigenvalues, variables of unknown distribution are transformed into statistics of known distribution through randomization. The test statistic checks for breaks in the structure of factor models, including changes in factor loadings and increases in the number of factors. We give the results of simulation experiments and test the factor structure of the stock return data of China’s and U.S. stock markets from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019. Our method performs well in both simulations and real data.

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Chen, Zhongli, Fangyang Yuan, and R. J. Jiang. "Different approximate models of the sectional method for nanoparticle Brownian coagulation." International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 25, no. 2 (2015): 438–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hff-04-2013-0135.

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Purpose – The original v2-based sectional method assumes that the selected property quantity of particles is uniformly distributed in each section, which makes particle size distribution (PSD) fluctuate dramatically in the entire size range. The number concentration in each section as well as the zeroth moment of PSD also cannot be correctly predicted in case there are not enough sections used in calculation. In order to provide a more appropriate representation of PSD, different approximate models are used to close the conservation equations. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The uniform distribution of the selected property quantity of particles in each section is not necessarily satisfied. Instead, the distribution is approximated using an expression with an approximation factor. Different models are investigated on recovering the initial size distribution and predicting the time evolution of size distribution as well as the first three moments so that the advantages and disadvantages of each model can be compared. Findings – The approximate model with an approximation factor of 0.8 is capable of predicting the time evolution of the zeroth moment accurately no matter how many sections are used in simulations. The original v2-based model is recommended to calculate the first and second moments as long as the section number is larger than 50, otherwise, the model with an approximation factor of 0.15 would be a preferred choice. Originality/value – Different approximate models can be used to improve the accuracy of the results supposing we know which moment is of great importance in calculation.

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Velliangiri, S., R. Rajagopal, and P. Karthikeyan. "Trust Factor Based Key Distribution Protocol in Hybrid Cloud Environment." Scalable Computing: Practice and Experience 20, no. 2 (2019): 349–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12694/scpe.v20i2.1529.

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In the Hybrid cloud deployment model, security is essential to restrict access while using resources such as virtual machine, platform, and application. Many protocols were developed to provide security via the cryptography technique, but these protocols rarely considered the trust factor which is an essential factor for cloud security. The existing Elliptic Curve Cryptography and Diffie Hellman key distribution mechanism failed to stress the trust factor, and further, they have provided not only higher complexity but also lower security and reliability. The proposed method comprised two stages: first stage, Group Creation using the trust factor and develop key distribution security protocol. It performs the communication process among the virtual machine communication nodes. Creating several groups based on the cluster and trust factors methods. The second stage, the ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography) based distribution security protocol is developed. The proposed Trust Factor Based Key Distribution Protocol reduced error rate, improve the key computation time and maximize resource utilization.

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Adli, AWS, FI Prastyasari, DW Handani, and KB Artana. "LNG Distribution Optimization using Set Partitioning Problem Method." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 972, no. 1 (2022): 012082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/972/1/012082.

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Abstract The Indonesian government’s commitment to increase the use of gas for domestic demand, by issuing the Decree of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Number 13K/13/MEM/2020 concerning the Assignment of the Implementation of the Supply and Development of LNG Infrastructure and the Gasification 52 power plants in Indonesia. Therefore, a study on the supply chain design that can support the gasification process of the 52 power plants is crucial. Power plant data is imperative to identify receiving terminals which are then grouped into 8 clusters using the K-Means method. The design will use operating LNG refineries, which will then go to the hub for each cluster. Considering the feasibility factor of the receiving terminal and using the center of gravity method carries the determination of the hub. Considering the investment and operational costs form the feasible route as the most optimal by using the Set Partitioning Problem (SPP) method. The optimization considers several types of ships with six different sizes. The total investment cost required was $107,815,749.11, and the operational cost was $68,993,709.11. The results of the economic analysis indicate the distribution will reach a payback period within 10 years if gas sales use a margin of 1,75 USD.

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Hansen, Steen. "Approximation of the structure factor for nonspherical hard bodies using polydisperse spheres." Journal of Applied Crystallography 46, no. 4 (2013): 1008–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889813015392.

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A new method for approximation of the structure factor for nonspherical hard bodies is suggested. It is shown that for moderate deviation from spherical symmetry the structure factor may be approximated by the structure factor for a size distribution of spheres. The distribution of spheres should be selected to give agreement between the excluded volume distance distribution functions for the two cases. As the excluded volume distance distribution may be calculated by Monte Carlo simulation for any particle and as a semi-analytical expression exists for the excluded volume distance distribution of a size distribution of spheres, it should be possible to apply the method to any shape of molecule. For ellipsoids of axial ratios between 0.5 and 2.0 a simple approximate expression is given for the parameters of the matching size distribution.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Distribution factor method'

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