Relevant bibliographies by topics / Distribution of fractional parts

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Distribution of fractional parts'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Distribution of fractional parts"

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Banks, William D., and Igor E. Shparlinski. "Fractional parts of Dedekind sums." International Journal of Number Theory 12, no. 05 (May 10, 2016): 1137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179304211650069x.

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Using a recent improvement by Bettin and Chandee to a bound of Duke, Friedlander and Iwaniec [Bilinear forms with Kloosterman fractions, Invent. Math. 128 (1997) 23–43] on double exponential sums with Kloosterman fractions, we establish a uniformity of distribution result for the fractional parts of Dedekind sums [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] running over rather general sets. Our result extends earlier work of Myerson [Dedekind sums and uniform distribution, J. Number Theory 28 (1988) 233–239] and Vardi [A relation between Dedekind sums and Kloosterman sums, Duke Math. J. 55 (1987) 189–197]. Using different techniques, we also study the least denominator of the collection of Dedekind sums [Formula: see text] on average for [Formula: see text].
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Banks, William D., Moubariz Z. Garaev, Florian Luca, and Igor E. Shparlinski. "Uniform Distribution of Fractional Parts Related to Pseudoprimes." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 61, no. 3 (June 1, 2009): 481–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-2009-025-2.

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Abstract.We estimate exponential sums with the Fermat-like quotientswhere g and n are positive integers, n is composite, and P (n) is the largest prime factor of n. Clearly, both fg (n) and hg (n) are integers if n is a Fermat pseudoprime to base g, and if n is a Carmichael number, this is true for all g coprime to n. Nevertheless, our bounds imply that the fractional parts ﹛ fg (n)﹜ and ﹛hg (n)﹜ are uniformly distributed, on average over g for fg (n), and individually for hg (n). We also obtain similar results with the functions and .
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Rochev, I. P. "On distribution of fractional parts of linear forms." Journal of Mathematical Sciences 182, no. 4 (March 29, 2012): 527–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10958-012-0756-9.

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Shutov, A. V. "Inhomogeneous diophantine approximations and distribution of fractional parts." Journal of Mathematical Sciences 182, no. 4 (March 29, 2012): 576–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10958-012-0762-y.

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Fomenko, O. M. "On the distribution of fractional parts of polynomials." Journal of Mathematical Sciences 184, no. 6 (July 11, 2012): 770–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10958-012-0898-9.

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Zhuravlev, V. G. "Multidimensional Hecke theorem on the distribution of fractional parts." St. Petersburg Mathematical Journal 24, no. 1 (November 15, 2012): 71–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/s1061-0022-2012-01232-x.

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HEATH–BROWN, D. R. "Pair correlation for fractional parts of αn2." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 148, no. 3 (January 15, 2010): 385–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004109990466.

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It was proved by Weyl [8] in 1916 that the sequence of values of αn2 is uniformly distributed modulo 1, for any fixed real irrational α. Indeed this result covered sequences αnd for any fixed positive integer exponent d. However Weyl's work leaves open a number of questions concerning the finer distribution of these sequences. It has been conjectured by Rudnick, Sarnak and Zaharescu [6] that the fractional parts of αn2 will have a Poisson distribution provided firstly that α is “Diophantine”, and secondly that if a/q is any convergent to α then the square-free part of q is q1+o(1). Here one says that α is Diophantine if one has (1.1) for every rational number a/q and any fixed ϵ > 0. In particular every real irrational algebraic number is Diophantine. One would predict that there are Diophantine numbers α for which the sequence of convergents pn/qn contains infinitely many squares amongst the qn. If true, this would show that the second condition is independent of the first. Indeed one would expect to find such α with bounded partial quotients.
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Garifullina, R. L. "Distribution of the fractional parts of the matrix exponential function." Journal of Soviet Mathematics 41, no. 6 (June 1988): 1396–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01097066.

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Ford, Kevin, Xianchang Meng, and Alexandru Zaharescu. "Simultaneous distribution of the fractional parts of Riemann zeta zeros." Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society 49, no. 1 (December 29, 2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/blms.12001.

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Zhuravlev, V. G. "Embeddings of circular orbits and the distribution of fractional parts." St. Petersburg Mathematical Journal 26, no. 6 (September 21, 2015): 881–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/spmj/1365.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Distribution of fractional parts"

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Phadke, Vidyadhar S. "Non-classical convergence results for sums of dependent random variables." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1224514478.

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Kaneko, Hajime. "LIMIT POINTS OF FRACTIONAL PARTS OF GEOMETRIC SEQUENCES." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/120624.

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BARROS, Ana Carolina Carvalho de. "Estoque de massa seca de raiz em pastos de capim Florico manejados sob intensidades de pastejo." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2037.

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Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-09-15T18:57:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Ana Carolina Carvalho de Barros.pdf: 2646968 bytes, checksum: 755045d3111f54dc02cc0c3c6834d0c5 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-15T18:57:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Ana Carolina Carvalho de Barros.pdf: 2646968 bytes, checksum: 755045d3111f54dc02cc0c3c6834d0c5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-22
CAPES
This study was carried out for evaluating the dynamics of the root dry matter stock in Florico grass pastures managed at two light interception levels (90 and 95%) and two post-grazing residue heights (0.2 and 0.3 m) (90IL 0,2m RPP; 90IL 0,3m RPP; 95IL 0,2m RPP; 95IL 0,3m RPP). The lowering of vegetation was performed by the technique "mob grazing", simulating the condition of intermittent grazing. In shoot mass were related (MFF and MF) and the rate of herbage accumulation (TAMFF and TAF) with varying root system, using the technique of digging trenches 0,5x0,4x0,6 me withdraw prism?sticos blocks per monoliths 0,05x0,2x0,1 m up to 0.4 m profundida for root stock and fractional distribution (DF), and the root / shoot ratio, and total biomass (FT). The experiment was performed at PESAGRO-RIO, in Serop?dica municipality, Rio de Janeiro state , from July, 2012 to July, 2013, covering the four seasons. Shoots fresh matter yield was effective for treatment, season, and repeated measures interaction, with total production in the summer of 2013 for the four grazing intensities (908.1 ? 73.8 g/m2), compared to other seasons where treatments were similar. In the season of different days between cycles, shoots fresh matter yield was estimated where the winter, presented the lowest yield (10.8 ? 5.1 g/m2 day 1), when compared to the rainy season (28,7 ? 13.1 g/m2 day 1), as well as, between the treatments, the highest grazing intensity presented the greatest yield (26.6 ? 15.8 g/m2 day 1) while the lowest one presented the smallest yields (13.6 ? 4.1 g/m2 day 1). Shoots dry matter yield indicated high significant effects for treatments, season, and interaction for repeated measurements over time between treatments the 90IL 0,3RPP treatment presented no difference in relation to shoot dry matter among seasons, whereas 95IL 0,3RPP treatment presented greater shoot dry matter quantity in the spring (219.8 g/m2 cycle 1), followed by summer (192.2 g/m2 cycle 1), as well as, in the autumn 90IL 0,3RPP treatment was more productive than 95IL 0,3RPP one. Shoot dry matter yield was lower in all the treatments in the winter when compared to the other seasons, the greatest roots dry matter (RDM) were: 639.3 ? 246.8 and 667.2 ? 225.7 g 400dm3 soil in the spring, for 90IL 0,3RPP and 95IL 0.3 RPP, respectively and 591.8 ? 168.2 and 655.1 ? 252.7g 400 dm3 soil in the summer anol autumn, for 90IL 0.2RPP respectively 647.8 ? 68.4g 400 dm3 soil in the autumn for 95IL 0,2RPP treatment. In regarding to the roots distribution profile there was no difference between RDM stock treatments between grazing intensities evaluated, summer and autumn equations did not differ eithen. In fractional root distribution all the seasons presented significative results, being autumn the single one no differing between treatments on the present study. Total phytomass presented significantive effect for the treatments, where the winter was the season presenting the lowest yield in all the treatments, when compared to other stations. Root:shoot ratio was no effect for treatment and season, as well as, the autumn highlighted with the greatest RDM:SDM ratio in 95IL 0,2RPP treatment, when compared to the other seasons. It might be concluded that The Florico grass was sensitive to variations in weather conditions presenting to the accumulation of forage and root stock, showing the existence of phenotypic plasticity for the evaluated variables.
Objetivou-se avaliar o estoque de massa seca de raiz em pastos de capim Florico manejados sob dois n?veis de intercepta??o luminosa (90 e 95 %) e duas alturas de res?duo p?s-pastejo (0,2 e 0,3 m), os quais deram origem a quatro tratamentos de intensidades de pastejo (90IL 0,2m RPP; 90IL 0,3m RPP; 95IL 0,2m RPP; 95IL 0,3m RPP). O rebaixamento da vegeta??o foi realizado pela t?cnica ?mob grazing?, simulando a condi??o de pastejo intermitente. Na parte a?rea foram relacionados massa (MFF e MF) e a taxa de ac?mulo de forragem (TAMFF e TAF) com vari?veis do sistema radicular, utilizando a t?cnica de escava??o de trincheiras de 0,5x0,4x0,6 m e retirada de blocos prism?sticos por mon?litos de 0,05x0,2x0,1 m, at? a profundida de 0,4 m para o estoque radicular e distribui??o fracional (DF), al?m da rela??o raiz/parte a?rea e fitomassa total (FT). O experimento foi conduzido na PESAGRO-RIO, em Serop?dica, Rio de Janeiro, de julho de 2012 a julho de 2013, durante quatro esta??es do ano. A massa fresca de forragem variou com tratamento, esta??o do ano e com a intera??o entre eles (p<0,01), apresentando maiores valores no ver?o com 908,1 ? 73,8 g m-2 (m?dias dos quatro tratamentos de pastejo), comparado com as demais esta??es que foram semelhantes entre si. Devido a varia??o existente entre os ciclos de pastejos, em dias, foi calculado a taxa de ac?mulo de forragem de massa seca de forragem, com menor valor obtido no inverno (10,8 ? 5,1 g m-2 dia-1), quando comparado ao per?odo chuvoso (28,7 ? 13,1 g m-2 dia-1). Maior taxa de ac?mulo de forragem massa fresca de forragem foi obtida para o tratamento (90IL 0,2m RPP) de maior intensidade de pastejo (26,6 ? 15,8 g m-2 dia-1) e, menor valor, para aquele (95IL 0,3m RPP) de menor intensidade (13,6 ? 4,1 g m-2 dia-1). A massa seca de forragem n?o variou (p>0,05) entre as esta??es para o tratamento 90IL 0,3m RPP, enquanto que, o tratamento 95IL 0,3RPP, na primavera e ver?o, apresentou maior massa, (219,8 e 192,2 g m-2 ciclo-1), enquanto o tratamento 90IL 0,3RPP foi mais produtivo que o 95IL 0,3RPP no outono. A produ??o de massa seca radicular (MSR) do inverno foi inferior aquelas das demais esta??es. Na primavera, os maiores estoques de MSR foi de: 639,3 ? 246,8 e 667,2 ? 225,7 g 400dm3 de solo, respectivamente , para 90IL 0,3m RPP e 95IL 0,3m RPP; enquanto que o tratamento 90IL 0,2m RPP apresentou maiores estoques de MSR: 591,8 ? 168,2 e 655,1 ? 252,7 g 400dm3 de solo-1, respectivamente no ver?o e outono e o tratamento 95IL 0,2m RPP estocou maiores quantidades de MSR no outono (647,8 ? 68,4 g 400dm3 de solo-1). Quanto a distribui??o das ra?zes no perfil, houve diferen?a do estoque de MSR entre tratamentos na primavera e, as equa??es do ver?o e outono n?o diferiram entre si. A distribui??o fracional do sistema radicular variou (p<0,05) entre todas as esta??es, por?m no outono, houve semelhan?a entre os tratamentos. A produ??o de fitomassa total variou (p<0,05) entre os tratamentos, com a menor produ??o no inverno, para os tratamentos. A rela??o raiz: parte a?rea variou (p<0,05) com tratamento e esta??o. Para 95IL 0,2m RPP, maior valor foi obtido no outono. O capim Florico foi sens?vel ?s condi??es clim?ticas apresentando varia??es quanto ao ac?mulo de forragem e estoque radicular, evidenciando a exist?ncia de plasticidade fenot?pica para as vari?veis avaliadas.
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Wessels, Steven Allan Jr. "Improving inventory and distribution in an aerospace parts and service organization." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66042.

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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division; in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2011.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 80).
Hamilton Sundstrand has made several changes to their supply chain in recent years, including increased offshore and outsourced production, new service offerings and relocation of facilities, to meet shifting business needs to remain a top competitor in the aerospace systems industry. This thesis reviews the distribution network of their aftermarket parts and service business to ensure that Hamilton Sundstrand meets customer needs through efficient supply chain design and aligning business strategy with inventory planning. A review of the current state is employed to locate gaps in strategic design, operating efficiencies and customer service levels. Improvement opportunities identified in the current state analysis are addressed with proposed alternatives to adjust the distribution network to meet current and future needs while minimizing cost and maintaining or raising service levels. The combined proposals of relocating distribution center volumes, reducing on hand inventory at co-located sites and closing a forward stocking location are estimated to result in over one million dollars in annual cost savings.
by Steven Allan Wessels, Jr.
S.M.
M.B.A.
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Alghamdi, Ohud. "Removable Singularities for Holder Continuous Solutions of the Fractional Laplacian." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1459422077.

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Patcharaphun, Somjate. "Characterization and Simulation of Material Distribution and Fiber Orientation in Sandwich Injection Molded Parts." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200601845.

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In this work, the material distribution, structure of fiber orientation and fiber attrition in sandwich and push-pull injection molded short fiber composites are investigated, regarding the effect of fiber content and processing parameters, given its direct relevance to mechanical properties. The prediction of the tensile strength of conventional, sandwich and push-pull injection molded short fiber composites are derived by an analytical method of modified rule of mixtures as a function of the area fraction between skin and core layers. The effects of fiber length and fiber orientation on the tensile strength are studied in detail. Modeling of the specialized injection molding processes have been developed and performed with the simulation program in order to predict the material distribution and the fiber orientation state. The secondorder orientation tensor (a11) approach is used to describe and calculate the local fiber orientation state. The accuracy of the model prediction is verified by comparing with corresponding experimental measurements to gain a further basic understanding of the melt flow induced fiber orientation during sandwich and push-pull injection molding processes.
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Tuan, Abdullah Tuan Ab Rashid Bin. "Optimal management of failures, spare parts and transformer reconnections in an electrical distribution network." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501838.

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Williams, Cheryl Ann. "The geochemistry of Mt. Misery volcano, St. Kitts, Lesser Antilles : a combined U-series disequilibria and crystal size distribution study." Thesis, Open University, 1996. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340678.

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Tronje, Elena, and Taotao Gan. "Evaluation of logistics suppliers for the distribution of spare parts : a study at Braathens Regional Airlines." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Logistik- och kvalitetsutveckling, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-152004.

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Braathens Regional Airlines is a result of a merger between multiple smaller, domestic airlines. As a result, the company has a large supply base for logistics services. This has lead to difficulties following up the operation and a complex supply structure. Therefore, in order to improve the overall logistics operations, the aim was to evaluate the current external transportation solution for the distribution of spare parts. The evaluation was accomplished through a comparison with two alternative scenarios: Supply base reduction and Third-party logistics (TPL). Supply base reduction meant removing suppliers from the current supply base, and Third-party logistics entailed outsourcing all external transportation to a single company. The comparison was based on five criteria: Transportation cost, Administrative workload, Delivery precision, Lead time and Flexibility. To be able to carry out a comparison, data regarding all the criteria was collected for all cases. This was done through extractions from enterprise systems from four of the case company's largest carriers, as well as through interviews with employees and a representative from a Third-party logistics service provider. After analyzing the provided data, the main conclusion was that both supply base reduction and TPL would improve the operation, where the case of TPL was expected to be slightly better. In order to further strengthen the analysis, the company has to develop its data collection procedures. In addition to the exact transportation solution, changes within the organization and its routines can improve the operations further.
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Johnstone, Daniel P. "Integrated retrograde, repair scheduling, and distribution policies in a multi-echelon service parts supply network with multiple repair depots." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3380089.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Kelley School of Business, 2009.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 19, 2010). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-12, Section: B, page: 7834. Adviser: S. Christian Albright.
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Books on the topic "Distribution of fractional parts"

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Crossley, Martin John. "Pan-European Service parts distribution. Salford: University of Salford, 1990.

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Nourdin, Ivan. Selected Aspects of Fractional Brownian Motion. Milano: Springer Milan, 2012.

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National, Workshop on Fractional Calculus and Statistical Distributions (2009 Centre for Mathematical Sciences Pala Campus). National Workshop on Fractional Calculus and Statistical Distributions, 25-27 November 2009 at CMS Pala Campus, Kerala, India, sponsored by the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi, India (DST): Proceedings. Pala: Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Pala Campus, 2010.

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Resources, Inc Lang Marketing. Distribution evolution 2001: Distribution channel changes in the car and light truck aftermarket. Wyckoff, N.J: Lang Marketing Resources, Inc., 1998.

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Resources, Inc Lang Marketing. Distribution evolution trends data book. Wyckoff, NJ: Lang Marketing Resources, 2002.

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Alexey, Kuznetsov, Kyprianou Andreas E, Rivero Victor, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Lévy Matters II: Recent Progress in Theory and Applications: Fractional Lévy Fields, and Scale Functions. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.

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Puplesis, Rimantas. The nepticulidae of Eastern Europe and Asia: Western, central and eastern parts. Leiden, The Netherlands: Backhuys Publishers, 1994.

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Lauronen, Jari. Spare part management of an electricity distribution network. Lappeenranta, Finland: Lappeenranta University of Technology, 1998.

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Resources, Inc Lang Marketing. Distribution evolution 2005 in the car and light truck aftermarket. Wyckoff, N.J: Lang Marketing Resources, 2004.

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Analysis and algorithms for service parts supply chains. New York: Springer, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Distribution of fractional parts"

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Korobov, N. M. "Fractional Parts Distribution, Normal Numbers, and Quadrature Formulas." In Exponential Sums and their Applications, 139–201. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8032-8_3.

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Wilms, R. J. G. "On the Limiting Distribution of Fractional Parts of Extreme Order Statistics." In Extreme Value Theory and Applications, 433–46. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3638-9_26.

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Vinogradov, Ivan Matveevič. "On the Distribution of the Fractional Parts of Values of a Polynomial." In Selected Works, 172–77. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15086-9_16.

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Vinogradov, Ivan Matveevič. "On the Distribution of Fractional Parts of Values of a Function of One Variable." In Selected Works, 78–84. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15086-9_7.

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Vinogradov, Ivan Matveevič. "On the Distribution of Fractional Parts of Values of a Function of Two Variables." In Selected Works, 85–100. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15086-9_8.

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Tiku, Sanjay, Laurie Sullivan, Liyu Yang, and Michael Pecht. "Electronic Part Distribution and Distributor Assessment." In Parts Selection and Management, 97–108. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471723886.ch8.

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Sheng, Hu, YangQuan Chen, and TianShuang Qiu. "Heavy-Tailed Distribution and Local Memory in Time Series of Molecular Motion on the Cell Membrane." In Fractional Processes and Fractional-Order Signal Processing, 217–31. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2233-3_11.

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Magin, R. L., Y. Z. Rawash, and M. N. Berberan-Santos. "Analyzing Anomalous Diffusion in NMR Using a Distribution of Rate Constants." In Fractional Dynamics and Control, 263–74. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0457-6_22.

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Rui, Guo. "How to classify parts of speech according to distribution." In Modern Chinese Parts of Speech, 128–56. London ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. |: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351269209-6.

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Phillips, Peter C. B. "Fractional Matrix Calculus and the Distribution of Multivariate Tests." In Time Series and Econometric Modelling, 219–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4790-0_16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Distribution of fractional parts"

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Dantal, B. R., A. Saigal, and M. A. Zimmerman. "Effect of Size and Spatial Distribution of Titania Pigments in Injection Molded Parts on Surface Reflectance." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-43516.

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Titania pigments are used in molding compounds as a means to improve opacity by increasing the scattering efficiency of the medium and to develop new applications such as liquid crystal displays (LCD) and light emitting diodes (LED). The characteristics of the injection molded products are a function of molding parameters such as gate location and shear rate. In this study, quantitative measures of the particle distribution of titania pigments in polymer composites have been experimentally determined, including area fraction, average diameter, and diameter volume. A 2 × 3 × 3 ANOVA test has been conducted to assess the statistical significance of these parameters. This study deals with the size and spatial distribution of the particles. The important parameters calculated based on the Feret’s diameter are diameter-volume (dv), diameter-number (dn), and area fraction (AF). The term diameter-volume (dv) has been used to give greater significance to the large particles and thus ‘large’ indicates more and/or larger particles. The parameters have been calculated by using Image-J image processing software. MINITAB has been used to assess the statistical significance of these parameters. The results show that titania particles are not uniformly distributed within the final molded parts and they vary along the molding (longitudinal) and transverse directions of plastic flow. The difference of pigment area fraction and diameter volume at different locations within a final molded part has a significant effect on the percentage reflectance of the surface.
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Lu, Lu, Erina Baynojir Joyee, and Yayue Pan. "Investigation of the Correlation Between Micro-Scale Particle Distribution in 3D Printing and Macroscopic Composite Performance." In ASME 2017 12th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the JSME/ASME 2017 6th International Conference on Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2017-3074.

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To date, various multi-material and multi-functional Additive Manufacturing technologies have been developed for the production of multi-functional smart structures. Those technologies are capable of controlling the local distributions of materials, hence achieving gradient or heterogeneous properties and functions. Such multi-material and multi-functional manufacturing capability opens up new applications in many fields. However, it is still largely unknown that how to design the localized material distribution to achieve the desired product properties and functionalities. To address this challenge, the correlation between the micro-scale material distribution and the macroscopic composite performance needs to be established. In our previous work, a novel Magnetic-field-assisted Stereolithography (M-PSL) process has been developed, for fabricating magnetic particle-polymer composites. Hence, in this work, we focus on the study of magnetic-field-responsive particle-polymer composite design, with the aim of developing some guidelines for predicting the magnetic-field-responsive properties of the composite fabricated by M-PSL process. Micro-scale particle distribution parameters, including particle loading fraction, particle magnetization, and distribution patterns, are investigated. Their influences on the properties of particle-polymer liquid suspensions, and the properties of the 3D printed composites, are characterized. By utilizing the magnetic anisotropy properties of the printed composites, different motions of the printed parts could be triggered at different relative positions under the applied magnetic field. Physical models are established, to predict the particle-polymer liquid suspension properties and the trigger conditions of fabricated parts. Experiments are performed to verify the physical models. The predicted results agree well with the experimental measurements, indicating the effectiveness of predicting the macroscopic composite performance using micro-scale distribution data, and the feasibility of using the physical models for guiding the multi-material and multi-functional composite design.
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Liu, B. K., J. M. Zhao, and L. H. Liu. "Anomalous Heat Diffusion in a Chain of Large Particles Through Radiative Heat Transfer." In ASME 2019 6th International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2019-4237.

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Abstract Radiative heat transfer in particulate system has many applications in industry. Recently, the anomalous heat diffusion was reported for particulate system in near field thermal radiation heat transfer, and the existence of heat super-diffusive regimes was observed and the spread of heat can be described by Levy flight. In this work, attention is paid to investigate whether there is anomalous heat diffusion in far-field radiative heat transfer or not. Specifically, this study is focused on the radiative heat transport of a system, consisting of optically large particles, in the geometric optic range. Those particles are arranged in a linear chain surrounded by reflective walls and all particles are identical and equally spaced. The effect of the boundary type and particle surface emissivity on the heat diffusion is also investigated. The heat diffusion behavior in the far-field is studied based on Monte Carlo ray tracing method and the fractional diffusion equation in one dimension. The result indicates the existence of anomalous heat diffusion in the far-field by analyzing the asymptotic behavior of radiation distribution function (RDF). It’s shown that the distribution of RDF decays in power law and can be divided into two parts: for near the source particle, heat diffusive regime is super-diffusive (according to the analysis of fractional diffusion equation), while for far from the source particle, heat diffusive regime becomes sub-diffusive. Moreover, the kind of boundary type and particle wall emissivity have a significant influence on the heat diffusion of the far-field radiation heat transfer. This work will help the understanding of radiation heat transfer in particulate system in the far-field.
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Zhang, Botao, Kunal Mhapsekar, and Sam Anand. "Design of Variable-Density Structures for Additive Manufacturing Using Gyroid Lattices." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-68047.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) processes enable the creation of lattice structures having complex geometry which offer great potential for designing light weight parts. The combination of AM and cellular lattice structures provide promising design solutions in terms of material usage, cost and part weight. However, the geometric complexity of the structures calls for a robust methodology to incorporate the lattices in parts designs and create optimum light weight designs. This paper proposes a novel method for designing light weight variable-density lattice structures using gyroids. The parametric 3D implicit function of gyroids has been used to control the shape and volume fraction of the lattice. The proposed method is then combined with the density distribution information from topology optimization algorithm. A density mapping and interpolation approach is proposed to map the output of topology optimization into the parametric gyroids structures which results in an optimum lightweight lattice structure with uniformly varying densities across the design space. The proposed methodology has been validated with two test cases.
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Hamidi, Youssef K., Sudha Dharmavaram, Levent Aktas, and M. Cengiz Altan. "Effect of Fiber Content on Void Morphology in Resin Transfer Molded E-Glass/Epoxy Composites." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80387.

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Effect of fiber volume fraction on occurrence, morphology, and spatial distribution of microvoids in resin transfer molded E-glass/epoxy composites is investigated. Three disk-shaped center-gated composite parts containing 8, 12, and 16 layers of randomly-oriented, E-glass fiber perform are molded, yielding 13.5, 20.5 and 27.5% fiber volume fractions, respectively. Voids throughout these disk-shaped composites are evaluated by microscopic image analysis of samples obtained along the radius. Each identified void’s equivalent radius, area, and shape are determined at 200x magnification. Number of voids is found to decrease moderately with increasing fiber content. Void areal density decreased from 10.5 to 9.5 voids/mm2 as fiber content is increased from 13.5 to 27.5% fiber content. Similarly, void volume fraction decreased from 3.1 to 2.5%. Average void size is observed to remain similar at 53 to 55 μm when the fiber content is increased from 13.5 to 27.5%. Increasing fiber volume fraction from 13.5 to 27.5% lowers the contribution of irregularly-shaped voids from 40% of total voids down to 22.4%. Along the radial direction, combined effects of void formation by mechanical entrapment and void mobility are shown to yield a spatially complex void distribution. However, increasing fiber content is observed to affect the void formation mechanisms as more voids are able to move towards the exit vents during molding. These findings are believed to be applicable not only to resin transfer molding, but generally to liquid composite molding processes.
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Rosen, David W. "Multi-Scale, Heterogeneous CAD Representation for Metal Alloy Microstructures." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34563.

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Most heterogeneous CAD representations in the literature represent materials using a volume fraction vector, which may not by physically realizable or meaningful. In contrast, the multi-scale, heterogeneous CAD representation presented here models materials using their microstructure. For the specific metal alloys of interest in this work, the material model is a probabilistic model of grain characteristics, represented as cumulative distribution functions. Several microstructure reconstruction algorithms are presented that enable different alloy grain structures to be reconstructed in a part model. Reconstructions can be performed at any desired size scale, illustrating the multi-scale capability of the representation. A part rendering algorithm is presented for displaying parts with their material microstructures. The multi-scale, heterogeneous CAD representation is demonstrated on two Inconel alloys and is shown to be capable of faithfully reconstructing part representations consistent with the probabilistic grain models.
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Roshandel, R., B. Farhanieh, and E. Saievar-Iranizad. "The Effects of Porosity Distribution Variation in GDL on PEM Fuel Cell Performance." In ASME 2004 2nd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2004-2525.

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Gas diffusion layers are one of the important parts of the PEM fuel cell as they serve to transport to transport the reactant gases to the catalyst layer. Porosity of this layer has a large effect on the PEM fuel cell performance. The spatial variation in porosity arises due to two effects: 1. Compression of the electrode on the solid landing areas and 2. Water produced at the cathode side of gas diffusion layers. Both of these factors change the porosity of gas diffusion layers affects fuel cell performance. To implement this performance analysis, a mathematical model which considers oxygen and hydrogen mass fraction in gas diffusion layer and the electrical current density in the catalyst layer, and the fuel cell potentials is investigated. The porosity variation in the GDL is calculated by considering the applied pressure and the amount of the water generated in the cell. The validity of the model is assessed by comparing the computed results with experimental data. The obtained results show that the decrease in the average porosity causes the reduction in oxygen consumption, so that a lower electrical current density is generated. It is also shown that when the electrical current density is low, the porosity variation in gas diffusion layer has no significant influence on the level of polarization whereas at higher current density the influence is very significant. The porosity variation causes non-uniformity in the mass transport which in turn reduces the current density and a lower fuel cell performance is obtained.
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Sevick-Muraca, Eva M., Joseph E. Pierce, Christina L. Hutchinson, Huabei Jiang, and Mohsen Khalili. "Measurement of particle size distribution and volume fraction from frequency-domain measurements of photon migration." In BiOS '97, Part of Photonics West, edited by Britton Chance and Robert R. Alfano. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.280288.

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Yang, Y. L. "Inverse Design of Turbomachinery Blading for Arbitrary Blade Thickness in Three-Dimensional Transonic Flow." In ASME 1997 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-gt-295.

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A three-dimensional inverse design of turbomachinery blading for arbitrary blade thickness was obtained by using two periodic bound vortex sheets representing the pressure side and suction side of a blade row. The mean swirl distribution and blade tangential thickness distribution are specified in the present inverse design method. The prescribed mean swirl distribution is split into two fractions to form the strength of two bound vortex sheets. However, the designed results are uniquely determined by the specification of the mean swirl distribution and blade tangential thickness distribution, while splitting the mean swirl distribution into any two fractions for two bound vortex sheets is irrelevant. The resulting velocity field is composed of three parts: the first is sawtooth integrated from two bound vortex sheets; the second is axisymmetrical to provide an irrotational flow outside the two bound vortex sheets; and the last is potential to ensure mass conservation. The blade shape is determined from either the pressure side or suction side boundary condition, without a difference. Numerical results of a subsonic stator blade row designed by the present inverse design have been compared with three-dimensional Euler solutions and show a good agreement. For transonic calculation, a special form of retarding density was implemented to avoid transformation of the coordinate. However, due to the nonisentropic and rotational nature of shock wave, the present inverse solution does not give a correct answer after shocks. Coupling the entropy change and generation of vorticity after shocks with the present analytical formulation is recommended in the future work.
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Ameta, Gaurav, and Paul Witherell. "A Novel Transition Region Representation for Additive Manufacturing for Graded Materials, Structures and Tolerances." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-68390.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) has enabled control over heterogeneous materials in ways that were not previously possible. This paper presents a novel method for representing and communicating heterogeneous materials based structures that include tolerancing of geometry and material together. AM has expanded design possibilities to include specified material heterogeneities, including functionally graded materials. The aim of the paper is to propose a means to specify nominal materials and allowable material variations in parts, including (a) explicit material transitions and (b) functional transitions to support single and multiple material behaviors. The transition region combines bounded regions (volumes and surfaces) and material distribution equations. Tolerancing is defined at two levels, that of the geometry including bounded regions and that of the materials. Material tolerances are defined as allowable material variations from nominal material fractions within a unit volume at a given location computed using material distribution equations. The method is described thorough several case studies of abrupt transitions, lattice based transitions, and multi-material transitions.
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Reports on the topic "Distribution of fractional parts"

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Wilson, D., Vladimir Ostashev, and Chris Pettit. Distribution of the two-point product of complex amplitudes in the fully saturated scattering regime. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/38701.

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This Letter considers probability density functions (pdfs) involving products of the complex amplitudes observed at two points (which may, in general, involve separations in space, time, or frequency) in conditions of fully saturated scattering. First, the pdf is derived for the product of the complex amplitude at one point with the conjugate of the complex amplitude at another point. It is shown that the real and imaginary parts of this product each have a variance gamma pdf. Second, expressions are derived for several joint pdfs involving complex amplitude products and powers at two points.
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Perrin, Jean-Patrick. Why We Care: An overview of the distribution of unpaid care work in Ma’an, southern Jordan. Oxfam, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7741.

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The concept of unpaid care work is not widely known in Ma’an or other parts of Jordan. As a result, the benefits of unpaid care to individuals’ lives, as well as its negative impact on women who bear a disproportionate share of it at the household level, are overlooked by both local communities and policy makers. As such, women remain largely excluded from playing an active role in the economy, and receive limited or no recognition for the significant role that they play within the household. In 2020, Oxfam commissioned a study on unpaid care work in Jordan’s southern region of Ma’an. The purpose of the study was to better understand what care work women and men do, how it is distributed, and how people think about it. The study found that women perform the vast majority of care work activities, and that gender norms compound an unequal redistribution of unpaid care. This paper presents the study results and makes recommendations on how the Government of Jordan, donors and NGOs can encourage the redistribution of unpaid care work and improve women’s access to livelihood opportunities.
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Brophy, Kenny, and Alison Sheridan, eds. Neolithic Scotland: ScARF Panel Report. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.196.

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The main recommendations of the Panel report can be summarised as follows: The Overall Picture: more needs to be understood about the process of acculturation of indigenous communities; about the Atlantic, Breton strand of Neolithisation; about the ‘how and why’ of the spread of Grooved Ware use and its associated practices and traditions; and about reactions to Continental Beaker novelties which appeared from the 25th century. The Detailed Picture: Our understanding of developments in different parts of Scotland is very uneven, with Shetland and the north-west mainland being in particular need of targeted research. Also, here and elsewhere in Scotland, the chronology of developments needs to be clarified, especially as regards developments in the Hebrides. Lifeways and Lifestyles: Research needs to be directed towards filling the substantial gaps in our understanding of: i) subsistence strategies; ii) landscape use (including issues of population size and distribution); iii) environmental change and its consequences – and in particular issues of sea level rise, peat formation and woodland regeneration; and iv) the nature and organisation of the places where people lived; and to track changes over time in all of these. Material Culture and Use of Resources: In addition to fine-tuning our characterisation of material culture and resource use (and its changes over the course of the Neolithic), we need to apply a wider range of analytical approaches in order to discover more about manufacture and use.Some basic questions still need to be addressed (e.g. the chronology of felsite use in Shetland; what kind of pottery was in use, c 3000–2500, in areas where Grooved Ware was not used, etc.) and are outlined in the relevant section of the document. Our knowledge of organic artefacts is very limited, so research in waterlogged contexts is desirable. Identity, Society, Belief Systems: Basic questions about the organisation of society need to be addressed: are we dealing with communities that started out as egalitarian, but (in some regions) became socially differentiated? Can we identify acculturated indigenous people? How much mobility, and what kind of mobility, was there at different times during the Neolithic? And our chronology of certain monument types and key sites (including the Ring of Brodgar, despite its recent excavation) requires to be clarified, especially since we now know that certain types of monument (including Clava cairns) were not built during the Neolithic. The way in which certain types of site (e.g. large palisaded enclosures) were used remains to be clarified. Research and methodological issues: There is still much ignorance of the results of past and current research, so more effective means of dissemination are required. Basic inventory information (e.g. the Scottish Human Remains Database) needs to be compiled, and Canmore and museum database information needs to be updated and expanded – and, where not already available online, placed online, preferably with a Scottish Neolithic e-hub that directs the enquirer to all the available sources of information. The Historic Scotland on-line radiocarbon date inventory needs to be resurrected and kept up to date. Under-used resources, including the rich aerial photography archive in the NMRS, need to have their potential fully exploited. Multi-disciplinary, collaborative research (and the application of GIS modelling to spatial data in order to process the results) is vital if we are to escape from the current ‘silo’ approach and address key research questions from a range of perspectives; and awareness of relevant research outside Scotland is essential if we are to avoid reinventing the wheel. Our perspective needs to encompass multi-scale approaches, so that ScARF Neolithic Panel Report iv developments within Scotland can be understood at a local, regional and wider level. Most importantly, the right questions need to be framed, and the right research strategies need to be developed, in order to extract the maximum amount of information about the Scottish Neolithic.
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Distribution and sources of nitrate, and presence of fluoride and pesticides, in parts of the Pasco Basin, Washington, 1986-88. US Geological Survey, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri934197.

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Description and generalized distribution of aquifer materials in the alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of California and New Mexico. US Geological Survey, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ha663.

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Distribution of fluoride in ground water in the alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of California, Nevada, and New Mexico. US Geological Survey, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ha665.

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Distribution of carbonate-rock aquifers and the potential for their development, southern Nevada and adjacent parts of California, Arizona, and Utah. US Geological Survey, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri914146.

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Geochemical map showing the distribution of selected elements determined in stream sediments from the Mount Katmai and parts of the Afognak and Naknek quadrangles, Alaska. US Geological Survey, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/mf2021a.

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Geochemical map showing the distribution of selected leachable metals in stream sediments from the Mount Katmai and parts of the Afognak and Naknek quadrangles, Alaska. US Geological Survey, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/mf2021b.

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Geochemical maps showing the distribution of selected elements determined in nonmagnetic heavy-mineral concentrates from the Mount Katmai and parts of the Afognak and Naknek quadrangles, Alaska. US Geological Survey, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/mf2021c.

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