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Journal articles on the topic 'Distribution of PITs between budgets'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Udisti, Roberto, Silvia Becagli, Silvia Benassai, et al. "Atmosphere–snow interaction by a comparison between aerosol and uppermost snow-layers composition at Dome C, East Antarctica." Annals of Glaciology 39 (2004): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756404781814474.

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AbstractThe study of aerosol composition and air–snow exchange processes is relevant to the reconstruction of past atmosphere composition from ice cores. For this purpose, aerosol samples, superficial snow layers and firn samples from snow pits were collected at Dome Concordia station, East Antarctica, during the 2000/01 summer field season. The aerosol was collected in a ‘coarse’ and a ‘fine’ fraction, roughly separated from each other by a stacked filter system (5.0 and 0.4 μm). Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) direct measurements on the fine fraction showed that 72% of surface size distributio
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2

Proposito, Marco, Silvia Becagli, Emiliano Castellano, et al. "Chemical and isotopic snow variability along the 1998 ITASE traverse from Terra Nova Bay to Dome C, East Antarctica." Annals of Glaciology 35 (2002): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756402781817167.

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AbstractIn the framework of the PNRA–ITASE (Programma Nazionale di Ricerche in Antartide–International Trans-Antarctic Scientific Expedition) project, during the field season 1998/99, surface snow (1m cores and pits) and shallow firn cores (10–50m) were collected along a traverse from Terra Nova Bay (northern Victoria Land) to Dome C (East Antarctic ice sheet). Results of chemical, tritium and stable-isotope composition are presented here for the 1 m cores, some snow pits and the first 2 mof some shallow firn cores. the δ18O values show a regular trend with altitude, and the regression line be
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3

Sano, Yuzou, Tomohiro Ohta, and Steven Jansen. "The Distribution and Structure of Pits Between Vessels and Imperforate Tracheary Elements in Angiosperm Woods." IAWA Journal 29, no. 1 (2008): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000165.

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This study focuses on the interspecific variation in the distribution and structure of pits between vessels and imperforate tracheary elements. Specimens from the outer sapwood of eight species, in which vessel elements are frequently in contact with fibres and/or tracheids, were prepared using two different techniques and examined by field-emission scanning electron microscopy. In three species in which vessels are surrounded by vasicentric tracheids and/or fibres with distinctly bordered pits, pit pairs frequently occurred in walls between vessels and imperforate tracheary elements. In the f
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4

Kim, Jong Sik, and Geoffrey Daniel. "DISTRIBUTION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS, PECTINS AND HEMICELLULOSES IN MATURE PIT MEMBRANES AND ITS VARIATION BETWEEN PIT TYPES IN ENGLISH OAK XYLEM (QUERCUS ROBUR)." IAWA Journal 37, no. 3 (2016): 402–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-20160143.

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Although there is considerable information on the chemistry of bordered intervessel pit membranes, little is known on the pit membrane chemistry of other pit types in hardwoods. This study investigated distribution of phenolic compounds, pectins and hemicelluloses in different mature pit membranes of English oak xylem using transmission electron microscopy coupled with cytochemistry and immunocytochemistry. Mature bordered intertracheid (vasicentric)- and tracheid-vessel pits showed presence of xyloglucan and heteromannan (hemicelluloses) epitopes across the pit membrane (except for the annulu
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5

Miao, Changqing, Jie Yu, and Mingxing Mei. "Distribution law of corrosion pits on steel suspension wires for a tied arch bridge." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 63, no. 3 (2016): 166–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-11-2015-1605.

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Purpose This paper aims to research steel wire corrosion pitting distribution characteristics and evolution, the shape, number and size of corrosion pits from one tied arch bridge were tested, analyzed and researched. Design/methodology/approach The probability distribution model of corrosion pits of different shapes was established, and the law of corrosion pit growth and evolution was researched. The relationship between the steel wire local corrosion parameters and the average degree of corrosion was explored. Findings The results revealed that the pits of steel wires can be divided into fo
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6

Wu, Qing, Xuezhong Li, Jun Xu, Gang Wang, Wenhao Shi, and Shilin Wang. "Size Distribution Model and Development Characteristics of Corrosion Pits in Concrete under Two Curing Methods." Materials 12, no. 11 (2019): 1846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12111846.

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In this paper, the effect of chloride ions on the development of corrosion pits in different reinforced concrete under different environmental conditions is studied. A fitting model for the size distribution of pits in seawater and sea-sand concrete (SSC) under different curing modes is established, and time-dependent fractal features are examined. Under wet/dry chloride cycles, the weight loss rate and corrosion rate of steel bars are higher, and the number of corrosion pits appears to increase on a small scale within 60-day. A majority of the corrosion is metastable pitting, and we propose a
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7

Li, Haixiao, Yi Lian, Qianqian Renyang, Le Liu, Zihan Qu, and Lien-Chieh Lee. "Regional Atmospheric CO2 Response to Ecosystem CO2 Budgets in China." Remote Sensing 15, no. 13 (2023): 3320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15133320.

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The distribution of atmospheric CO2 is not homogenous, primarily due to variations in the CO2 budgets of regional terrestrial ecosystems. To formulate a comprehensive strategy to combat the increasing global CO2 levels and associated warming, it is crucial to consider both the distribution of atmospheric CO2 and the CO2 budgets of ecosystems. This study focused on analyzing the relationship between regional atmospheric CO2 and CO2 budgets in China from 2010 to 2017. Initially, a robust estimation model of net ecosystem CO2 exchange was developed to calculate CO2 budgets using collected emissio
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8

Jinxing, Lin. "Distribution, Size and Effective Aperture Area of the Inter-Tracheid Pits in the Radial Wall of Pinus Radiata Tracheids." IAWA Journal 10, no. 1 (1989): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90001111.

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The distribution, size and effective aperture area of inter-tracheid pits were studied in a 29-year-old plantation-grown tree of Pinus radiata by means of light and electron microscopy. It was found that the number of pits per tracheid in the first ten years is related more to tracheid length than to the age of the wood. Beyond the tenth year, the number of pits per tracheid is mainly related to the age of the wood, regardless of tracheid length. In addition, there is a positive linear relationship between tracheid diameter and pit diameter, indicating that the larger tracheids contain larger
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9

Dadashev, Alikhan Z., and Dzhana A. Meshkova. "FINANCES OF THE LARGEST CITIES — SUBJECTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 4/11, no. 157 (2025): 120–25. https://doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2025.04.11.017.

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The article discusses the specifics of the formation of the budgets of the federal cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg, the distribution of tax revenues between the budgets of these cities and the federal budget, the structure of tax revenues to the budgets of the cities of the subjects of the Russian Federation.
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10

Li, Anbang, Hongwang Ma, and Shanhua Xu. "Three-Dimensional Morphology and Watershed-Algorithm-Based Method for Pitting Corrosion Evaluation." Buildings 12, no. 11 (2022): 1908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111908.

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Pitting corrosion and stress concentration at rust pits are the principal reasons for severe degradation in fatigue performance of corroded steel structures. The accurate evaluation of rust pits on rough and uneven corrosion surfaces is the foundation of fatigue life estimation for corroded steel structures. In this paper, a new method for the identification, extraction, and evaluation of rust pits on the surface of corroded steel structures was proposed based on a three-dimensional morphology and watershed algorithm. An accelerated corrosion experiment was first executed to acquire corroded s
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11

Yushko, Serhii. "A new paradigm for budget revenue distribution resulting from decentralization reform in Ukraine." Fìnansi Ukraïni 2025, no. 5 (2025): 23–42. https://doi.org/10.33763/finukr2025.05.023.

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The implementation of the decentralization reform in Ukraine and its impact on the development of regions and territorial communities, the formation and implementation of local budgets impact the interests of state and local self-government bodies, business structures, and residents of newly formed communities. Problem Statement. The impact of the decentralization reform introduced in Ukraine on the formation of budget indicators and the distribution of funds between the state and local budgets. Purpose. The study of changes caused by the decentralization reform in the formation of the revenue
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12

Kim, Jong Sik, and Geoffrey Daniel. "Distributional variation of lignin and non-cellulosic polysaccharide epitopes in different pit membranes of Scots pine and Norway spruce seedlings." IAWA Journal 35, no. 4 (2014): 407–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-00000075.

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Microdistribution of non-cellulosic polysaccharides in pit membranes of bordered pits (intertracheid pits between adjacent tracheids), cross-field pits (half bordered pits between tracheids and ray parenchyma cells) and ray pits (simple pits in nodular end walls of ray parenchyma cells) was investigated in mature earlywood of juvenile Scots pine and Norway spruce seedlings using immunocytochemistry combined with monoclonal antibodies specific to (1→4)-β-galactan (LM5), (1→5)-α-arabinan (LM6), homogalacturonan (HG, LM19, LM20), xyloglucan (LM15), xylan (LM10, LM11) and mannan (LM21, LM22) epito
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13

Ruel, Jean-Claude, Denis Loustau, and Marius Pineau. "Relations entre la microtopographie, les caractéristiques de la couverture morte et la répartition des essences dans une érablière à Bouleau jaune." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, no. 9 (1988): 1196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x88-183.

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Some effects of microtopography on forest floor, organic matter dynamics, and tree species distribution were studied in a northern hardwood stand near Québec. Forest floor thickness was 12.4 cm in pits while it was only 7.6 cm on mounds. These variations in thickness were attributed to a smaller litter accumulation (186 vs. 318 g m−2 year−1 in pits) and a more rapid decomposition on mounds (weight losses of wooden probes, 17.3 vs. 13.7% in pits). Over 43% of yellow birch stems (Betulaalleghaniensis Britton) were found on mounds in comparison with 20% for beech (Fagusgrandifolia Ehrh.). Sugar m
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14

Carver, Genevieve. "Pits and Place-making: Neolithic Habitation and Deposition Practices in East Yorkshirec. 4000–2500 BC." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 78 (2012): 111–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00027134.

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This article presents the findings of a study which sought to explore the nature of Neolithic habitation practices in east Yorkshire, primarily using evidence from pits. The morphology of pits and material deposited into them were examined in order to discern the kinds of activities taking place close by, and the possible motivation behind pits being dug. The temporality, spatial organisation, and landscape distribution of pits was considered in conjunction with information from domestic features, artefact spreads, and monumental and funerary features in order to create a coherent image of the
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15

Paliichuk, T. V. "Excise Tax on Fuel as a Source of Local Self-Government Budgets in the Context of Budget Decentralization." Business Inform 4, no. 519 (2021): 216–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-4-216-228.

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The article is aimed at disclosing the role and significance of the excise tax on fuel in filling local self-government budgets in the context of the implementation of budget decentralization, also disclosing the main aspects of excise tax reform, changes in its distribution between budgets and finding ways to ensure the stimulating impact of excise taxation on the socio-economic development of territorial communities (hromadas). The article describes the steps taken to strengthen the financial capacity of local self-government (changes in the sources of filling the hromadas’ budgets) by intro
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16

Shainidze, Ekaterine, and Vazha Verulidze. "PROBLEMS OF DISTRIBUTION OF TAX REVENUES BETWEEN BUDGETS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS IN GEORGIA." Innovative economics and management 11, no. 3 (2024): 228–36. https://doi.org/10.46361/2449-2604.11.3.2024.228-236.

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Ekaterine Shainidze E-mail: ekaterine.shainidze@bsu.edu.ge Associate Professor, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Georgia, Batumi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3612-1790 Vazha Verulidze E-mail: vazha.verulidze@bsu.edu.ge Professor, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Georgia, Batumi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-8955 Abstract: The main source of mobilization of budgetary funds is tax revenues. One of the important levers of the state in ensuring the socio-economic development of the country is the fair distribution of tax revenues between budgets of different levels, since fiscal in
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17

PYSMENNYI, Vitalii. "ENSURING INDEPENDENCE OF LOCAL BUDGETS UNDER CONDITIONS OF FINANCIAL DECENTRALIZATION." Socio-Economic Research Bulletin, no. 1(76) (February 16, 2021): 144–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33987/vsed.1(76).2021.144-156.

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The article investigates the modern conditions and problems of forming local budget revenues in Ukraine. It is determined that local budgets must function as a well-oiled machine ensuring the equivalence of financial resources and planned allocations under conditions of financial decentralization. Approaches to ensuring budgetary independence are substantiated, outlining the tools necessary for local self-government bodies to ensure their capacity to develop. It is established that increased emphasis on independence of local budgets can become one the levers used for ensuring the local finance
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18

Toor, Zaigham Saeed, and Muhammad Moaaz Zafar. "Corrosion degradation of aluminium alloys using a computational framework." Tribology and Materials 1, no. 4 (2022): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/tribomat.2022.019.

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The paper describes the corrosion based degradation of aluminium alloys using an analytical and numerical framework. The corrosion rate was calculated using analytical equations for aluminium sheets subjected to a corrodent. Parametric analysis for the pit morphology, diameter, depth and distribution on the plate was conducted using finite element analysis. A comparison between elliptical and circular pits of the same area was also made for stress magnification using numerical analysis. It was observed that the stress generated at constant load when a specimen corrodes due to pitting is direct
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19

Троценко, Д. А. "Analysis of the current mechanism for the distribution and differentiation of income between budgets in the Kaliningrad region." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 6(119) (June 23, 2020): 797–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2020.119.6.166.

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Для грамотного управления делами государства необходимы большие средства. Без них большинство мероприятий, программ и других действий, направленных на улучшение жизни населения будут неэффективны. Тоже самое можно сказать и о бюджетах регионов и местных бюджетах. Им так же необходимы средства не только на существование, но и на проведение необходимых эффективных программ и действий. Большинство регионов и тем более местных бюджетов не могут обеспечить себя достаточным количеством денежных средств. Им на помощь как раз приходит инструмент разграничения и распределения доходов. С его помощью гос
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20

Lunina, Inna. "Options of Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations Reform in the Ukraine." Ekonomika 85 (January 30, 2009): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/ekon.2009.0.5120.

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Reform of the system of public finance is a key problem in the transformation processes of the Ukraine’s economy. Development of efficient methods of financial policy is especially important in the context of strategic challenges of economic growth, the competitiveness of the national economy, and convergence of the level of socio-economic development between different regions of the country. Most elements of the modern system of the Ukraine’s public finance were formed as far back as during the Soviet era, under the conditions of command and administrative economy, when neither the state budg
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21

Zbroińska, Barbara. "Wrażliwość budżetów publicznych i prywatnych na kryzys spowodowany pandemią COVID-19 na przykładzie polskiej gospodarki." Optimum. Economic Studies, no. 3(109) (2022): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/oes.2022.03.109.03.

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Purpose – To demonstrate the interdependence and assess the sensitivity of private and public budgets to the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Research method – The method of quantitative and qualitative analysis of statistical data on household budgets, corporate finances and state and local government budgets was applied. The strength of the impact of the crisis was assessed on the basis of the difference in the dynamics of variables characterising budgets after the first year of the crisis compared to the year before the crisis. Results – Pandemic crisis has put greater strain on publ
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22

Kadochnikov, P., S. Sinelnikov-Murylev, I. Trunin, and S. Chetverikov. "Redistribution of Regional Incomes within the Framework of the System of Interbudgetary Relations in Russia." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 10 (October 20, 2003): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2003-10-77-93.

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The authors analyze the equalization properties of the present system of resource allocation among budgets of different levels in Russia (allocation of tax revenue and intergovernmental transfers). They consider the actual impact of the following federal fiscal instruments on the regional income distribution: the system of intergovernmental transfers, the system of federal tax revenue sharing between federal and regional budgets and the federal net tax on the region.
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23

Zhang, Xue Peng, Yong Hua Wang, and Lei Shi. "Hydrodynamics Analysis of Air Flow over Pitted Surface." Applied Mechanics and Materials 461 (November 2013): 712–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.461.712.

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The pits is a typical biomimetic surface morphology, typically it is beneficial to reduce the flow drag on the wall surface. In this paper, a method combining theoretical analysis and numerical simulation is adopted, it carries out a flow and stress analysis on the wall surface distributed by 3mm-diameter pits with typical bionic surface morphology, reveals the forms down stream flow field and the pit internal as well as the distribution of stress, it also analyzes the relationship between the viscous drag of the pit wall surface, the pressure drag and the flow drag, comparing the size of the
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24

Tamaki, Akio, Kazuyuki Harada, Yoshinobu Sogawa, and Seiji Takeuchi. "Effect of stingray (Hemitrygon akajei) foraging on a ghost shrimp population (Nihonotrypaea harmandi) on an intertidal sandflat, western Kyushu, Japan." Marine and Freshwater Research 71, no. 9 (2020): 1128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf19265.

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Callianassid shrimp residing in deep burrows have large bioturbating effects on marine soft-bottom communities. A few predators that excavate deep pits could have substantial effects on shrimp populations, as well as knock-on effects. Processes and consequences of such effects on shrimp populations are poorly understood. On a 300-m-wide intertidal sandflat area between tide marks in western Kyushu between 1989 and 1994, shrimp population densities were stable, reaching >1300individualsm–2. Dasyatid stingray feeding pits reaching depths up to 20cm occurred abruptly in large numbers in 19
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25

Horal, L. T., I. V. Perevozova, and V. I. Shyiko. "ACTUALIZATION DEFINITIONS AND THEORETICAL JUSTIFICATION DISTRIBUTION RATIO OF OIL AND GAS ROYALTIES UNDER DECENTRALIZATION." Scientific Bulletin of Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas (Series: Economics and Management in the Oil and Gas Industry), no. 2(20) (September 30, 2019): 21–32. https://doi.org/10.31471/2409-0948-2019-2(20)-21-32.

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The need to elaborate the factor of redistribution of rent payments between different levels of budgets has been updated. The purpose of the article is to determine the functional manifestations of rent payments in the modern institutional environment, formed in the context of decentralization, to analyze and evaluate the actual income of rent payments to the budget, taking into account their retrospective, to identify the main directions of improving the redistribution of rent payments between budgets. While writing the article, general scientific methods of cognition were used: the combinati
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26

Zhao, Wei, Yong Fang Huang, Xu Bin Ye, Ben Run Hu, Jian Zhong Liu, and Li Jie Chen. "Correlation between the Geometric Parameters of Corrosion Pit and Stress Concentration Factor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 327 (June 2013): 156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.327.156.

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Corrosion is one major damage mechanisms of aircraft structure, which can result in catastrophic failures and disasters. Quantitative analysis of pitting stress concentration effect is necessary for aircraft aluminum alloy structures, especially in coastal area. In the present paper, based on the observations of corrosion pit morphology of 2524 aluminum alloy using Keyence VHX-600 optical microscope and white light confocal microscope, three-dimensional finite element analyses (FEA) had been conducted systematically to evaluate the stress distribution of the cuboids aluminum alloy specimen wit
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27

Adambekova, G. K., and M. S. Tulegenova. "On the theory and problems of budget allocation in Kazakhstan." Bulletin of "Turan" University, no. 3 (October 4, 2020): 246–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.46914/1562-2959-2020-1-3-246-251.

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In modern conditions, regions in Kazakhstan are developing unevenly, and there is a noticeable disparity. The article considers a number of reasons that contributed to the development of this asymmetry: significant differences in the financial and economic situation of the regions, lack of financial independence, as well as differences in the main indicators of the social sphere. The fact that the budgets of the Republic, regions and individual cities are not balanced with the available resources is highlighted. Accordingly, the budgets of different levels do not receive revenues sufficient to
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28

Jiang, Jie, Guangyang Liu, Xi Huang, and Xiaoduo Ou. "The Research on Risk Distribution and Evolution of Deep Foundation Pit Construction Adjacent to Existing Tunnels Based on Complex Network." Shock and Vibration 2022 (September 14, 2022): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1685761.

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The construction of deep foundation pits adjacent to existing subway tunnels faces enormous challenges, and once a safety accident occurs, there are often mass injuries that cause substantial economic losses. However, there are many shortcomings and defects in the traditional methods of assessing the safety of the pit itself and the existing tunnel in the construction of the deep foundation pit adjacent to existing tunnels. This study establishes an optimized complex network-based dynamic risk assessment model to dynamically assess the overall risk of deep foundation pits in adjacent existing
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29

Zhang, Chunhua, Minoru Fujita, and Keiji Takabe. "Extracellular diffusion pathway for heartwood substances in Albizia julibrissin Durazz." Holzforschung 58, no. 5 (2004): 495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2004.075.

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Abstract A three-dimensional network of intercellular spaces, deemed an extracellular diffusion pathway for heartwood substances, was detected in Albizia julibrissin. Electron microscopy revealed a large number of blind pits in ray parenchyma cells, most facing intercellular spaces. Heartwood substances, which are synthesized in the ray parenchyma cells, are released not only into neighboring cells through pit pairs, but also into the intercellular spaces through the blind pits. There were two types of wood fiber in the heartwood region: one with a lumen surface lined with heartwood substances
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Boyd, Nikhat D., Bosco M. C. Chan та Nils O. Petersen. "β1 integrins are distributed in adhesion structures with fibronectin and caveolin and in coated pits". Biochemistry and Cell Biology 81, № 5 (2003): 335–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o03-063.

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Integrins are found in adhesion structures, which link the extracelullar matrix to cytoskeletal proteins. Here, we attempt to further define the distribution of β1 integrins in the context of their association with matrix proteins and other cell surface molecules relevant to the endocytic process. We find that β1 integrins colocalize with fibronectin in fibrillar adhesion structures. A fraction of caveolin is also organized along these adhesion structures. The extracellular matrix protein laminin is not concentrated in these structures. The α4β1 integrin exhibits a distinct distribution from o
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31

Shen, Hui, Jin Feng Bi, and Xian Qi Luo. "Impact Assessment of Common Supported Excavation of Double Foundation Pits on the Adjacent Tunnel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 170-173 (May 2012): 1524–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.170-173.1524.

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Based on the deep excavation engineering which used the common support design near the range of Suzhou Rail Transit Line 2, a 3-D numerical model was created to make the numerical simulation analysis of the deep foundation pit construction and obtain the comprehensive evaluation of the influence on the nearby subway tunnel stress and deformation when the 3 # and 4 # block foundation pits were excavated. The numerical results show that: when the pits are excavated to the basement, the total displacement value of the tunnel is 1.6mm. Because of the aspect ratio difference between the 3# and 4# b
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32

Vazquez-Cooz, Iris, and Robert W. Meyer. "Fundamental Differences Between two Fiber Types in Acer." IAWA Journal 29, no. 2 (2008): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000174.

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Our earlier studies on Acer have shown morphological and chemical differences between two fiber types. Our new research applies the soft-rot cavity method using the soft-rot fungus Chaetomium globosum to measure the microfibril angle (MFA) in these two fiber types in fifteen species of Acer (maple). Microfibril angles in fiber type 1 were significantly larger than those in fiber type 2. The greatest difference (11.6°) was noted in radial sections of Acer floridanum, in which the average MFA (n =100) obtained from soft-rot cavities for fiber type 1 was 23.3 degrees (95 % C.I. ±1.4°) and for fib
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33

Sohib, Jumayev. "EFFECTIVENESS OF FORMATION OF REVENUE BASE OF LOCAL BUDGETS." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 03 (2023): 1149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/16546.

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In this empirical study, author tries to scrutinize the formation, flow of the local budget in Uzbekistan. However, in world practice, it is emphasized that it is appropriate to follow the following principles when attaching taxes to the budget in accordance with the criteria for ensuring economic efficiency: a) Taxes assigned to the republican budget should be considered taxes with a high multiplier effect in the system of macroeconomic regulation of the countrys economy b) The system of income distribution between different social strata of the population and progressive taxes regulating inc
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34

Santini, F., and J. H. Keen. "Endocytosis of activated receptors and clathrin-coated pit formation: deciphering the chicken or egg relationship." Journal of Cell Biology 132, no. 6 (1996): 1025–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.132.6.1025.

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The fundamental mechanisms by which receptors once targeted for endocytosis are found in coated pits is an important yet unresolved question. Specifically, are activated receptors simply trapped on encountering preexisting coated pits, subsequently being rapidly internalized? Or do the receptors themselves, by active recruitment, gather soluble coat and cytosolic components and initiate the rapid assembly of new coated pits that then mediate their internalization? To explore this question, we studied the relationship between activation of IgE-bound high affinity Fc receptors (FCepsilonRI) and
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TRUSOVA, Natalia, and Olena SYZONENKO. "FORMATION OF LOCAL BUDGET REVENUES IN THE CONDITIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES." WORLD OF FINANCE, no. 3(56) (2018): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/sf2018.03.019.

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Introduction. Increasing the profitability of local budgets is an important issue on the way to the plundering of territorial communities, because local budgets take the main place in the socio-economic development of the territories. Particular relevance of this issue comes in terms of decentralization reform, which gives new opportunities for increasing thefinancial base of local budgets. Purpose. The purpose of the paper is to identify the peculiarities of the formation of revenues of local budgets of Ukraine in the conditions of decentralization of financial resources. Results. The theoret
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Jemmali, Mahdi. "An optimal solution for the budgets assignment problem." RAIRO - Operations Research 55, no. 2 (2021): 873–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ro/2021043.

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Municipalities are service organizations that have a major role in strategic planning and community development that consider the future changes and society developments, by implementing set of projects with pre-allocated budgets. Projects have standards, budgets and constraints that differ from one community to another and from one city to another. Fair distributing of different projects to municipalities, while ensuring the provision of various capabilities to reach developmental role is NP-Hard problem. Assuming that all municipalities have the same strategic characteristics. The problem is
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Camidge, D. R., and B. M. Pearse. "Cloning of Drosophila beta-adaptin and its localization on expression in mammalian cells." Journal of Cell Science 107, no. 3 (1994): 709–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.107.3.709.

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A Drosophila cDNA (BAD1) encoding a structural and assembly-competent homologue of the mammalian coated pit beta-adaptins (beta and beta') has been cloned and sequenced. In its amino-terminal region (residues 1–575), the BAD1 sequence appears intermediate between that of the mammalian beta-adaptin and a predicted sequence, from cDNA 105a, which appears to code for a version of beta'-adaptin. To test its functional characteristics, a ‘myc’-tagged version of BAD1 was expressed in Cos cells. The BAD1 protein was detected most clearly in plasma membrane coated pits, where it colocalized with alpha
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KYLBAYEV, Yerlan, and Aigul KOSHERBAYEVA. "DETERMINING THE UNIFORMITY OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF GRP AND REGIONAL BUDGET REVENUES." Public Administration and Civil Service 90, no. 3 (2024): 124–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.52123/1994-2370-2024-1306.

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The article considers topical issues of regional development in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of income inequality and economic growth. Regional inequality in Kazakhstan is a topical issue that affects various aspects of the population's life and the country's development. The purpose of this article is to analyze the uniformity of the distribution of economic indicators by regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. For this purpose, the Lorenz curve and the Gini coefficient were used, which made it possible to analyze the uniformity of the distribution of two important economic indica
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Tukunan, Stela Viviana, Inggriani Elim, and Wulan D. Kindangen. "Analisis anggaran operasional sebagai alat pengendalian keuangan pada Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Kabupaten Banggai Kepulauan." Manajemen Bisnis dan Keuangan Korporat 2, no. 2 (2024): 128–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.58784/mbkk.125.

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Operational budget serves as a tool for companies to achieve profit or income objectives. Financial control remains a critical concern for both profit-oriented and non-profit organizations. This research aims to analyze and comprehend the realization of operational budgets as a financial control instrument within the context of the Regional Drinking Water Company (PDAM) in Banggai Kepulauan Regency. The data analysis method employed is qualitative descriptive analysis, utilizing data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The study delves into the compariso
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Long, Risheng, Peter Kelly, Shaoni Sun, Jiling Feng, Xuewen Wang, and Wenyue Li. "The Influence of Pits on the Tribological Behavior of Grey Cast Iron under Dry Sliding." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (August 27, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8767895.

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Inspired by the nonsmooth surface of the head of the dung beetle, grey cast iron (GCI) samples with pit textured surfaces were designed and fabricated, based on pin-on-disc friction tester. Using a tribology wear testing rig and APDL programming, the tribological behavior of smooth and textured samples was investigated and reported, both experimentally and numerically. The results show that pits can significantly change the thermal stress and temperature distribution on the surface, which will result in either positive or negative effects on the wear resistance of GCI samples, depending on the
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Zhang, Wei, Shengli Lv, Leijiang Yao, and Xiaoyan Tong. "Simulation Investigation on Environment-Induced Pitting Corrosion on the Metal Surface." Science of Advanced Materials 13, no. 5 (2021): 820–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2021.3940.

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The prediction of corrosion damage is one of effective research methods in the safety inspection of aging aircraft structures. A mathematical model for quantifying corrosion damage is used in this paper to predict the onset of corrosion on structural surfaces exposed to aggressive environments. Based on the finite difference technique, the evolution process of local pitting corrosion on the surface of aluminum alloy in the medium is simulated, which can consider the sudden onset and the randomness of pitting corrosion. The effect of local ion concentration and oxide film damage on subsequent p
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Исламкулов Алимназар Худжамуратович. "РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ НАЛОГОВ МЕЖДУ БЮДЖЕТАМИ БЮДЖЕТНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ДЛЯ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ МЕЖБЮДЖЕТНОЙ СБАЛАНСИРОВАННОСТИ". International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Economy, № 7(19) (30 серпня 2018): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ijite/30082018/6111.

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 This article examines the distribution of taxes between the budgets of the budget system to ensure fiscal balances in Uzbekistan. In identifying existing problems were developed suggestions and recommendations with regard to prospects for fiscal balances based on international best practices.
 
 
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BATAZHOK, S.G. "Budget–financial decentralization as a factor of strengthening local self government in Ukraine." Market Relations Development in Ukraine №7-8 (206-207) 145 (October 4, 2018): 36–45. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1445366.

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The subject of the study is the impact of fiscal decentralization on the financial capacity of local budgets. The purpose of the article is to analyze the problematic aspects of practical reformation of local self–government on the principles of decentralization of power and the search for ways to improve the formation of the financial independence of the united territorial communities. Methodology of work – the position of the theory of fiscal federalism, which reflects the complex schemes of relations between budgets of different levels, the concept of fiscal decentralization. Ba
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Jensen, Jens Ledet, Peter B. Mortensen, and Søren Serritzlew. "The Dynamic Model of Choice for Public Policy Reconsidered: A Formal Analysis With an Application to US Budget Data." Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 26, no. 2 (2015): 226–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muv007.

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It has been shown empirically across countries and political systems, and for different levels of government, that the distribution of budget changes follows a non-Gaussian distribution, a power function. This implies that budgets are very stable, yet occasionally are punctuated by very large changes. To explain this strong empirical generalization, Jones and Baumgartner (2005a) developed the Dynamic Model of Choice for Public Policy, which today is the dominant explanation of stability and change in public budgets. Based on formal analysis, this article investigates the implications and scope
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Martelli-Junior, Hercílio, Marcelo Reis Chaves, Mário Sérgio Oliveira Swerts, Roseli Teixeira de Miranda, Paulo Rogério Ferreti Bonan, and Ricardo D. Coletta. "Clinical and Genetic Features of Van der Woude Syndrome in Two Large Families in Brazil." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 44, no. 3 (2007): 239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/06-064.

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Objective: This report describes the clinical and genetic features of two large and unrelated families with Van der Woude syndrome in Brazil, emphasizing the range of anomalies found within and between the families. Patients: Family 1 included 54 descendants spanning five generations, with 12 (22.23%) individuals manifesting Van der Woude syndrome. In family 2, examinations comprised 17 descendants distributed over four generations, and 8 (47.06%) people presented features of Van der Woude syndrome. Results: In family 1, the first two generations were not affected, but the other three generati
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Ye, Meng, Shichao Zhao, Wanzhao Li, and Jiangtao Shi. "Three-Dimensional Visualization of Major Anatomical Structural Features in Softwood." Forests 16, no. 5 (2025): 710. https://doi.org/10.3390/f16050710.

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Wood displays three-dimensional characteristics at both macroscopic and microscopic scales. Accurately reconstructing its 3D structure is vital for a deeper understanding of the relationship between its anatomical characteristics and its physical and mechanical properties. This study aims to apply X-ray micro-computed tomography (XμCT) for the high-resolution, non-destructive visualization and quantification of softwood anatomical features. Six typical softwood species—Picea asperata, Cupressus funebris, Pinus koraiensis, Pinus massoniana, Cedrus deodara, and Pseudotsuga menziesii—were selecte
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Matsunaga, Hiroshi, Junji Matsumura, and Kazuyuki Oda. "X-RAY MICROANALYSIS USING THIN SECTIONS OF PRESERVATIVE-TREATED WOOD: Relationship of wood anatomical features to the distribution of copper." IAWA Journal 25, no. 1 (2004): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000351.

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The objective of this study was to understand the micro-distribution of a copper-based preservative in wood in connection with anatomical morphology and to consider the fixation of copper in wood. Bulk specimens and semi-ultra thin sections (0.5 μm) obtained from Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) were treated with a CuAz preservative solution. After fixation of the solution in wood components, SEM-EDXA (Scanning Electron Microscope equipped with an Energy Dispersive X-ray Analyzer) was used to investigate the micro-distribution of copper. The use of semi-ultra thin sections improved charac
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Alade, Bamidele, and Olugbenga Amu. "Comparison of the Geotechnical Properties of Lateritic Soils of Borrow Pits for Road Construction in Ado Ekiti." ABUAD Journal of Engineering Research and Development (AJERD) 8, no. 2 (2025): 108–20. https://doi.org/10.53982/ajerd.2025.0802.11-j.

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Lateritic soils are key materials in road construction across tropical regions, but their performance varies based on their geotechnical properties. This study analyzes the geotechnical properties and characteristics of lateritic soils from selected borrow pits in Ado Ekiti, Nigeria, to determine their suitability for subbase and subgrade applications. Four borrow pits, labeled A to D, were randomly selected, and twelve undisturbed soil samples (three from each pit) were collected for laboratory testing. The tests include natural moisture content, specific gravity, grain size distribution, Att
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Luo, Xiaomei, Haiqin Zhang, Houyang Kang, et al. "Exploring the origin of the D genome of oat by fluorescence in situ hybridization." Genome 57, no. 9 (2014): 469–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2014-0048.

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Further understanding of the origin of cultivated oat would accelerate its genetic improvement. In particular, it would be useful to clarify which diploid progenitor contributed the D genome of this allohexaploid species. In this study, we demonstrate that the landmarks produced by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of species of Avena using probes derived from Avena sativa can be used to explore the origin of the D genome. Selected sets of probes were hybridized in several sequential experiments performed on exactly the same chromosome spreads, with multiple probes of cytological prepa
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Burceva, I. "Role of the regional taxes, generated in the mining sector, in the economy of the Russian resource regions." Proceedings of the Komi Science Centre of the Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, no. 5 (July 16, 2025): 15–24. https://doi.org/10.19110/1994-5655-2025-5-15-24.

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The balanced distribution of the natural capital exploitation income makes one of the key problems of the contemporary environmental economics. Efforts made by many researchers are aimed at finding the solutions to the issues of the equitable distribution of the natural rent, socio-economic development of the mining areas and the mineral resources processing. As a rule, most of the resource regions do not show the accelerated economic growth, acquiring in return environmental problems, regional budget imbalance and increase in social tension. The article considers tax revenues into the local b
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