Relevant bibliographies by topics / Distribution of TV rights

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Distribution of TV rights'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 24 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Distribution of TV rights"

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Koutroumanides, Christos, Panagiotis Alexopoulos, Athanasios Laios, and John Douvis. "The Italian Serie A TV Rights Selling Model – Historical Study." GYMNASIUM XIX, no. 1 (Supplement) (June 24, 2019): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29081/gsjesh.2018.19.1s.06.

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In mid 2000s the tv rights income reaches a 873 million euro for the 2005-06 season, with the Serie A tv rights annual income to gradually increase from a 844 million euro for the 2009-10 season to an amazing approximate 1,4 billion euro for the 2018-21 season. All these years Lega Calcio experimented a lot in the designing and application of a tv rights selling mechanism and its accompanied tv rights income distribution model. The Greek Superleague followed similar paths with Lega Calcio, when for many years in early 2000s clubs could exploit their tv rights by themselves. Even later, in late 200s and after the establishment of SL and with the collective selling mechanism in use, this mechanism didn’t include all participating clubs. The study aims to show how could Greek Superleague higher management staff learn from the Serie A tv rights deal history and follow the league’s recent tv rights optimal collective selling practices.
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Koutroumanides, Christos, Panagiotis Alexopoulos, Athanasios Laios, and John Douvis. "The French Ligue 1 TV Rights Selling Model – Historical Study." GYMNASIUM XIX, no. 1 (Supplement) (June 24, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29081/gsjesh.2018.19.1s.03.

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In 1996, the Lega Calcio deal with RAI expired and the league signed deal with four media groups for 11 television packages, generating 100 million euro for the clubs. In mid 2000s the tv rights income reaches a 873 million euro for the 2005-06 season, with the Serie A tv rights annual income to gradually increase from a 844 million euro for the 2009-10 season to an amazing approximate 1,4 billion euro for the 2018-21 season. All these years Lega Calcio experimented a lot in the designing and application of a tv rights selling mechanism and its accompanied tv rights income distribution model. The study could be used by several professional football leagues, with the Greek Superleague being one of them, in order its higher management to evaluate the actions LFP undertook all these years and how these actions affected could be followed.
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Koutroumanides, Christos, Panagiotis Alexopoulos, Athanasios Laios, and John Douvis. "The German Bundesliga TV Rights Selling Model – Historical Study." GYMNASIUM XIX, no. 1 (June 24, 2019): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.29081/gsjesh.2018.19.1.10.

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The tv rights income for each Bundesliga club for the 1999/00 season was approximately 6 million euro, while for the 2001-2003 period, a new tv rights deal almost doubled the league annual revenues from 212 to 383 million euro. The next deal, for the 2004-2009 period, valued 440 million euro per season, and the 2009-2013 period deal was slightly lower, at the level of 412 million euro per season. Βundesliga succeeded a spectacular increase in their tv rights income with the 2013-17 period deal, securing 628 million euro per season. The purpose of the study is to show how the German football authorities marketed the German football championship and applied selling and income distribution mechanisms, in order to increase the rights value and the clubs revenues in a spectacular way over the last 20 years. The study could be useful to any football league that wants to develop and sell their televised product.
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McCosker, Anthony. "The future of sports delivery in Australia NBN multicast, IPTV and the role of the ISPs." Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 1, no. 1 (December 15, 2013): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/ajtde.v1n1.127.

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Where lucrative media rights deals for sports content currently lie primarily with pay TV and free to air (FTA) broadcasters, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) entering the content delivery market through partners such as Fetch TV may be better placed to compete for distribution rights to sporting and other live events. In response to this shifting environment this paper outlines the technological capacities of NBN-based multicast Internet Protocol Television (IPTV), and examines public comment and interview data from ISPs, sports organisations and NBN Co. regarding their intentions for IPTV delivery. This paper begins with the assumption that diversity in these emerging media forms remains important as ISPs enter the media content market. We demonstrate, however, that despite the emergence of NBN-based technologies, diversity in sports content distribution cannot be assumed. The paper points toward the important role that regulators, such as the ACCC, have in maintaining diversity and competition in IPTV services.
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McCosker, Anthony. "The future of sports delivery in Australia NBN multicast, IPTV and the role of the ISPs." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 1, no. 1 (December 15, 2013): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v1n1.127.

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Where lucrative media rights deals for sports content currently lie primarily with pay TV and free to air (FTA) broadcasters, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) entering the content delivery market through partners such as Fetch TV may be better placed to compete for distribution rights to sporting and other live events. In response to this shifting environment this paper outlines the technological capacities of NBN-based multicast Internet Protocol Television (IPTV), and examines public comment and interview data from ISPs, sports organisations and NBN Co. regarding their intentions for IPTV delivery. This paper begins with the assumption that diversity in these emerging media forms remains important as ISPs enter the media content market. We demonstrate, however, that despite the emergence of NBN-based technologies, diversity in sports content distribution cannot be assumed. The paper points toward the important role that regulators, such as the ACCC, have in maintaining diversity and competition in IPTV services.
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Alvarez, Clara Luz. "Rethinking Must-Carry and Retransmission Consent Regulation in the Digital Era." Law, State and Telecommunications Review 12, no. 1 (March 16, 2020): 9–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/lstr.v12i1.24914.

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The emergence of new technological platforms to access online services and content have transformed the media landscape dramatically. They require policymakers to reexamine the decades-old regulations traditionally addressed to broadcasters and telecommunications providers. Must-carry, retransmission consent, and “carry one, carry all” rules in particular require reconsideration, if not reform. Must-carry regulation mandates cable and satellite pay TV providers to retransmit free-to-air broadcast programming. Such regulations have been adopted around the world, including the United States, Mexico, and France, the subjects of this article. Policymakers in these three countries have offered a variety of justifications for such rules, including the promotion of competition, local news and content, viewers´ rights, and content diversity. Recent data and case law, however, strongly suggest that emergent platforms to access online services and content undermine the standing justifications for must-carry, retransmission, and “carry one, carry all” rules. This Article argues that policymakers should consider other regulatory mechanisms to achieve the original reasons for such rules. The dramatic increase in the variety of devices (e.g., TV, tablet, mobile phones, smart TVs), service and content distributors (e.g., free-to-air TV, cable TV, internet), and service providers (e.g., broadcasters and “over-the-top” internet providers) strongly suggests that policymakers must reconsider the current approach. But any amendment to current regulation will depend on internet penetration and access to new video distribution platforms in a given geographic area. That is, without internet access, free-to-air TV might continue to be an important platform for service and content distribution.
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Solberg, Harry Arne, and Knut Helland. "Sports Broadcasting." Nordicom Review 32, no. 2 (November 1, 2011): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nor-2017-0110.

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Abstract The present article analyses how various forms of business integrations, combined with technology innovation, have affected the sports broadcasting market in Norway. Interviews with representatives of Norwegian TV broadcasters and transmission companies documented that extremely fierce competition can motivate former rivals to collaborate. Even the new entrants tend to operate together with others instead of operating autonomously. Such collusion can transfer market power from the sellers to the buyers of sports rights. The interviews showed how product innovations can improve the profitability of sports broadcasting. They confirmed that integration can generate economies of scope advantages (cost reductions from the joint use of inputs), for example by using labour more efficiently within parent companies. Additionally, they also showed that economies of scope advantages can come from similarities in the distribution of goods and services, not only from similarities in the production process.
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Autissier, Anne-Marie. "Professional and personal strategies of documentary filmmakers in Brazil: the case of the State of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais." Culture and Local Governance 7, no. 1-2 (June 7, 2021): 55–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18192/clg-cgl.v7i1-2.5922.

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Between 2012 and 2019, this qualitative sociological research was part of a documentary "boom" moment in Brazil, in terms of production and international recognition. Faced with a bottleneck in terms of their distribution, a growing number of festivals have opened up for documentaries, not counting the historical festival "É tudo Verdade" (São Paulo). This period also corresponds to a time when attempts at policies in favor of documentary films were made by the Federation and the Ministry of Culture (MinC) – public channel TV Brasil, TV Cultura, Doc.TV... These various advances have allowed the expression of a "black" cinema (Joel Zito Araujo), LGBT concerns (Karla Holanda), women’s rights (Helena Solberg and Susanna Lira) and the possibility for indigenous people to seize digital tools to reflect their own realities (Vincent Carelli, Video nas aldeias). Thus, while the Brazilian authorities were carrying out unfinished policies facing the weight of the private oligopolistic sector, it was interesting to analyze how documentary filmmakers developed their professional strategies. From this perspective, fourteen directors were the subject of semi-structured interviews in the state of Rio de Janeiro and three in Minas Gerais. In addition, producers and festival managers were also contacted. But the arrival of the Bolsonaro government caused a real rift. Against a backdrop of cultural war, fake news aimed at discrediting artistic circles, the takeover of the National Cinema Agency (ANCINE) and the abandonment of the São Paulo film library, cuts from major corporate sponsors, and beyond, Brazilian documentary filmmakers have found themselves strangers in their own country.
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Kossecki, Paweł, and Oguzhan Akin. "Valuation of copyrights to audiovisual works: transparency practices of the copyright management organizations in the European Union." Ekonomia i Prawo 20, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 543–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/eip.2021.033.

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Motivation: The functioning of the audiovisual sector strongly depends on the use of copyrights and related rights. Problems with their clearing could harm the functioning of companies and might even lead to strong financial problems. The distribution of copyright-protected audiovisual works requires the licensing of rights by different rightsholders. Some of them are represented by Copyright Management Organizations (CMOs), which allow users to clear rights for many works without individual negotiations. Fees paid to CMOs for copyright-protected content constitute a significant part of operating costs for companies like TV stations, cable operators, VoD (Video on Demand) platforms. In case of intellectual properties for audiovisual works, CMOs make the valuation. They have been facing legal challenges due to subjective valuations as a result of being monopolies in the local market of the represented country and lack of transparency. Aim: This work explores the transparency of 21 CMOs in 4 EU countries due to their expected to be an integrated market status as the result of political and economic amalgamation. In addition to the adoption of The European Union Directive on collective management of copyright and multi-territorial licensing of rights, as part of the EU’s Digital Single Market project, this exploratory research, with comparative analysis of CMOs using the linear ordering methods, explains the necessity of an epagogic approach to creating correct institutions besides directives and laws, such as central observation, an ombudsman for conflict management, or an official body to employ these features in one structure to actively govern the market. Results: The conducted analysis allowed us to reflect on the importance of transparency and taxonomic mapping of the audiovisual market landscape will be the guideline to flatten the copyright valuation divergence in the EU and eventually will pave the way for fewer disputes and more innovations.
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Nefedova, Darya N. "Destiny of Indian Cinema in Russia." Journal of Flm Arts and Film Studies 8, no. 4 (December 15, 2016): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vgik8466-74.

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The relationship of domestic moviegoers to the works of Indian cinema has a complex and heterogeneous development history. The Soviet audience watched the first Indian movie back in the 1950s, which gave a powerful impetus to the formation of multifaceted contacts between Indian and Soviet film industry. As a result such films were shot as Journey Beyond Three Seas, Black Prince Adjouba, The Adventures of Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves, the famous My name is clown by Raj Kapoor, and others. However, a sympathy to the Indian cinema of the 1970-80s led to the formation of the stereotypes (frivolous story, improbable fights, numerous songs and dances, etc.), which have been preserved by this day, in spite of the changes that occurred in the Indian film industry. In the 1990s, there was a revision of values on the part of the domestic audience and interest for Indian cinema began to wane. Development of various types of video media has allowed fans to buy movies for personal viewing. At the turn of the century a number of television companies obtained broadcasting rights for the classic Indian films. Broadcasting of the channels India TV and Zee-TV, completely dedicated to the Indian culture, marked a new stage in distribution of Indian cinema in this country. In addition, the Internet technology gave way for development of various kinds of specialized resources. These facts, as well as resumed festivals of Indian cinema in the last decade in this country, speak in favor of the revival of the audience interest to it. Despite the virtual absence of the joint Russian-Indian films in the last decades and a small amount of Indian films, audience sympathy gives rise to the assumption of the prospects for this kind of cooperation, as well as accentuation of resuming heavy study of Indian cinema by Russian researchers.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Distribution of TV rights"

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Bartlik, Martin. "The distribution of air traffic rights /." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82653.

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The following thesis deals with the distribution of air traffic rights. Particular reference is made to the situation in the European Union and the changes that might occur in the aftermath of the "open-skies" decision of the European Court of Justice in November 2002.
One major part of the thesis generally analyses different means of distributing limited public right, in order to determine an appropriate method for the allocation of air traffic rights. After a comparison with the telecommunication sector, it is concluded that the most appropriate approach is to conduct a Beauty Contest in the form of a Documentary Hearing. It is suggested that airlines submit their proposals and the regulatory agencies make their choice based on certain criteria.
Subsequently, a glance is taken at the methods for allocating air traffic rights that are currently applied in several countries. It can be seen that all these countries have chosen the same approach, a Beauty Contest, and that they all are facing the same difficulties, which are inconsistency and ambiguity of the distribution procedure.
Furthermore, a short evaluation, whether the General Agreement on Trade in Services has an impact on the allocation of air traffic rights, is undertaken. However, this is denied.
Based on the previous results an own proposal is presented, how air traffic rights could be distributed in a Beauty Contest, while avoiding most of the difficulties encountered by other countries. This proposal concentrates on the situation in the European Union, but could be also applied in other countries.
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Velasquez, Marcel. "Property rights, contracting institutions and the distribution of income." CONNECT TO ELECTRONIC THESIS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1961/6993.

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Löytynoja, M. (Mikko). "Digital rights management of audio distribution in mobile networks." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2008. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514289378.

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Abstract Nowadays, content is increasingly in digital form and distributed in the Internet. The ease of making perfect copies of the digital content has created a need to develop a means to protect it. Digital rights management (DRM) relates to systems designed to protect the intellectual property rights of the digital content. The DRM systems try to enable a secure distribution of digital content to the users and to prevent the unauthorized copying, usage, and distribution of the content. This is usually done in practice using encryption and digital watermarking techniques. This thesis concentrates on the problem of protecting and distributing multimedia content securely in mobile environment. The research objectives are: (1) to design an overall DRM architecture which allows an easy content distribution to the user in mobile environment; (2) to develop protection methods that can be used in mobile devices with limited computational capabilities to prevent unauthorized usage of the audio content; (3) to create methods for managing and enforcing the user’s rights and restrictions to the content usage; (4) to study a method for providing the users with an easy access to new digital content and services. The research is carried out by first developing an overall DRM platform to mobile environment. The experimental prototype of the platform is implemented on server side to PC environment and the client runs on a mobile phone. The platform is used to test the functionality and complexity of the content protection methods developed which are based on digital watermarking and encryption techniques. The main results of the thesis are: (1) a DRM platform for mobile devices that supports peer-to-peer networking and license negotiation; (2) audio protection methods utilizing digital watermarking and encryption techniques which support content superdistribution and content preview; (3) methods for counting offline how many times content has been played on the user’s terminal using watermarking and hash chains; (4) a method for adding metadata, such as a web link, into audio content, so that it survives digital to analog to digital transformation and recording with a mobile phone.
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Narmania, David. "Rights of local jurisdictions and tax revenue distribution in Georgia." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1876/.

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This paper describes the administrative powers of local jurisdictions in Georgia, emphasizing on the tax competences and the abilities to mobilize other sources of income. Having listed and explained the types of revenues and incomes, the articles continues to show their distribution among administrative levels according to the current tax code. Following a brief overview of the main laws underlying tax regulation, the existing problems of the status quo before 2007 and some perspectives for the immediate future are outlined.
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David, Theodoros P. "Networking Requirements and Solutions for a TV WWW Browser." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36994.

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Most people cannot access the World Wide Web (WWW) and other Internet services because access requires a complex and expensive computer. Moreover, the bandwidth offered to the general public is mostly limited by today's analog modems through standard telephone lines. An inexpensive, easy-to-use Internet/WWW access service, able to handle bandwidth-intensive, multimedia-oriented WWW pages, is currently not available to the general public.

Some concrete proposals, and even completed products, have been provided by the computer and communications industry. Nonetheless, these solutions are either still too expensive and complex or have limited bandwidth. One service that introduces a simple and inexpensive way to access the Internet, while providing high bandwidth, is the IVDS/WWW Browser. Controlled by a central WWW Browser Server, the WWW pages are displayed on a standard television set using an IVDS (Interactive Video and Data Service) Decoder Box, an inexpensive hardware device. The user can access the WWW using a remote control device. This thesis presents the networking requirements and solutions for the IVDS/WWW Browser Server and the IVDS Decoder Box.


Master of Science
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Sundnäs, Hannah. "With new technology come new opportunities? : A study of Swedish TV production companies." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-20878.

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This thesis are investigating production companies in Sweden and how they are working with new technology, such as web TV, mobile TV but also how they handle their business models and if they are working with other financial forms to reach revenue. All the interviewed companies said that they worked with their business models but not to the extent that they should, and this is a side effect to the risk that it might involve. They do work with the new opportunities that are given to them but are afraid to take too big of a risk. The market seems to be on the upswing and they are getting a larger marginal to the distributors and are able to take bigger risk and develop new ways to reach out with their productions.
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Rutter, Chantal Antonia. "Children on e : a qualitative and quantitative study of children's rights on the e-TV News agenda." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50295.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2005.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Television is a powerful tool in the diffusion of information to the masses. It is therefore influential in the way society perceives and responds to children, and in so doing it has an influence on the provision and protection of children's rights. According to international and locally conducted studies children are not high on the media agenda, are seldom given a voice or status, and if they are, issues around them are mostly formulated by adults. This assignment sets out to determine whether the same conclusion can be drawn from South African free-to-air television station e-TV. In particular it seeks to establish whether e- News has been successful in placing children's rights in on the public agenda or whether it has reported on children in an ad hoc manner. Children's human rights issues have been defined in accordance with the United Nation's Children's Rights Charter and the South African Bill of Rights, which makes specific provision for the child/children. This assignment takes its lead from a Media Monitoring Project study. Like the MMP report this research is conducted within a human rights framework and concedes according to Section 28 (2) of the Constitution that "the child's best interests are of paramount importance in every matter concerning the child". The methodology employed in this assignment, while replicating a Media Monitoring Project study, also employs discourse analysis in the form of interviews and questionnaires conducted with e-News members of staff. The methodology was applied to a sample of 71 stories which included reference to a child or children and which were broadcast on e-News Live at 7 and e-News live at 10 between January and August 2004. In brief it was found that the rights to privacy, dignity and freedom of speech were satisfactorily upheld (as per the Bill of Rights), but that issues about children are mostly sourced by and commented on by adults. Furthermore it was found that children's rights do not form an implicit part of the e-News agenda. Given that a human rights framework is normative for e-News, it is recommended that children's rights be placed in context, that stories challenge stereotypes about children and that e- News should consider appointing 'children's correspondents'.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Televisie is n' kragtige medium vir die verspreiding van inligting na die samelewing. Om hierdie rede speel televisie n' invloedryke rol op die manier waarop mense met kinders omgaan en dus het dit ook n' groot invloed op die voorsiening en berskerming van kinderregte. Volgens internastionale en plaaslike studies is kinders nie hoog op die media se agenda nie. Hulle word selde status verleen en indien wel, word kwessies wat hulle raak, dikwels deur volwassenes geformuleer. Hierdie opdrag wil bepaal of hierdie gevolgtrekking ook spesifiek betrekking het op die televisiestasie, e-TV. Daar word spesifiek gefokus op e-News se agenda met betrekking tot kinderregte en of dit suksesvol genhandhaaf word of nie. Kindreregte-kwessies is gedefineer soos in die Verenigde Nasies se Handves van Kinderrregte en die Suid-Afrikaanse Hanves van Menseregte wat specifiek focus op voorsiening vir kinders. Hierdie opdrag is volg die voorbeeld van n' verslag van die Media Monitoring Project (MMP). Soos die MMP-verslag word hierdie narvorsing binne n' menseregte-raamwerk gedoen en neem ook artikel 28 (2) van die Suid-Afrikaanse Grondwet in ag, wat stipuleer dat die kind se belange van kardinale belang is asook elke aspek wat die kind betrek. Die metodologie wat in hierdie opdrag gebruik word, repliseer tegelykertyd die MMPstudie en maak gebruik van diskoersanalise in die vorm van onderhoude en vraelyste onder e- News personeellede. Hierdie metodologie maak gebruik van n' steekproefvan 71 nuusstories wat verwys na n' kind/kinders wat tussen Januarie en Augustus 2004 op e-News Live om 19hOO uitgesaai is. Ter opsomming is bevind dat privaatheidsregte, waardigheid en vryheid van spraak van kinders bevredigend benader is. Kwessies wat kinders aanraak word egter meer deur volwassenes aangespreek as deur kinders self. Daar is egter ook bevind dat kinderregte nie n' intergrale deel van e-News agenda vorm me. Gegewe dat n' menseregteraamwerk bye-News toegepas word, word dit aanbeveel dat kinderregte binne konteks geplaas word en dat berigte sal streef daarna om stereotypes oor kinders te verander en dat e-News oorweeg om kinderkorrespndente aan te stel.
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Olivier, Jak. "The possibilities provided by subtitling to the SABC TV in the recognition and protection of language rights." Thesis, Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71575.

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The degree to which the SABC (South African Broadcasting Corporation) as public broadcaster gives shape to its language policy and language mandate, against the background of an investigation of language rights, establishes the central problem statement of this research.It is widely acknowledged that it is difficult to define the concept of language rights. Although the language-sociological literature associates this concept with minority and cultural rights, it can also be seen as individual rights. According to the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, it is clear that language rights should be seen as individual rights that can be exercised within a particular community. Although this dissertation provides an extensive juridical and language sociological explanation of the concept of language rights, the description by Judge Albie Sachs will be used as a working definition for this research. His division between the following four fundamental language rights, viz.: (i) the right to use your language; (ii) the right to develop your language; (iii) the right to be understood and to understand other languages as well as (iv) the right not to be discriminated against because of your language, provides a useful investigation instrument with which the degree to which the SABC-TV acknowledges and protects language rights can be measured.It is found that despite the policy documents on national and corporate level that has equal consideration and treatment of the diverse South African languages in mind, it still happens that the SABC-TV fails to give form to the language rights of individuals that belong to indigenous minority language groups in South Africa. Due to this, the research suggests that the extensive implementation of subtitles, as a form of screen translation that differs from lip synchronised dubbing, can make a significant contribution to the acknowledgement and protection of language rights by the SABC-TV.In addition to a discussion on what subtitles entail, the technical nature and specific parameters thereof, a feasibility study is included within which the affordability of this project for the SABC-TV is indicated. It is found that this form of screen translation is ideal for the South African situation because it is cheaper than both lip synchronised dubbing and the creation of new television programmes, but also because it can effectively be employed in regional broadcasts. Furthermore, the use of bilingual subtitles and pivot subtitles are also alternatives that may be considered. It is essential though that subtitles can indeed contribute to the way in which the SABC, as a public broadcaster, acknowledges and protects the fundamental language rights of the multitude of South Africans that belong to different language communities in South Africa. (Written in Afrikaans)
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Birdyshaw, Edward Leon. "Property rights and the environmental Kuznets' curve /." view abstract or download file of text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3147814.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2004.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-96). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Gert, Johan. "TV-marknaden för sändningsrättigheter kopplade till sportevenemang : En spelteoretisk analys." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1825.

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Background: Sporting events conveyed by the TV medium affect people and can give many unforgettable experiences. Sport may be synonymous with excitement and drama or just serve as entertainment. Through TV broadcasts from different sporting events, millions of televiewers all over the world have enjoyed athletic feats of extreme top class. TV broadcast sport always attracts a great number of viewers, also in Sweden. The prices of broadcasting rights to sporting events have risen strongly during the last decade, much as a consequence of the increasing competition between different TV companies both internationally and in Sweden. The development of prices is also a result of the monopoly situation which exists in the sales link of broadcasting rights, where the sport organizations and the companies holding the original rights, have learnt to make the most of their market power.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyse the TV market concerning the broadcasting rights to sporting events. This is done starting from Robert Axelrod's theory of co-operation. The thesis is that different TV companies, through an implicit kind of co-operation, could be able to counteract the monopoly situation, which exists in the retail link of broadcasting rights. This might be done in a way that lowers the price of the rights to a level closer to the marginal cost.

Method: The basis of this paper is mainly Robert Axelrod's theory of co- operation, used in a qualitative study starting from a scientific hermeneutic point of view. The frame of reference is built on an already existing theory applied on a problem, which gives the paper a deductive character. The material has been gathered from literature, newspapers and the Internet completed with interviews with representatives of the studied TV channels on the Swedish market.

Results: The results show that it can be rational for TV channels to co-operate concerning the broadcasting rights of sporting events. An absolute condition for achieving a mutual co-operation is that the discount rate is high enough and that the parties can put aside any possible jealousy. But there are problems if the parties value their own rights considerably less than those of their competitors. If they exploit the opponent and he answers by making a counter defection, the counter defection will not seem deterrent. This makes it more difficult to achieve a mutual co-operation. It is difficult to give a verdict on the opportunities of co-operation on the Swedish market, as we do not know exactly how the parties value the different rights. Listing the rights gives a negative influence on the possibilities of achieving a mutual co-operation between certain TV channels, because it destroys the possibilities of certain channels to retaliate. At the same time the possibility of mutual co-operation increases between the channels which are not involved in the restrictions. This happens because the parties are fewer and it leads to an increased degree of interaction. If co-operation is achieved the prices of the broadcasting rights can be cut down which would reduce the deadweight loss which arises as a result of the monopoly situation in the sales link.


Bakgrund: Sportögonblick förmedlade genom TV-mediet berör och kan ge många oförglömliga upplevelser. Sport kan vara synonymt med spänning och dramatik eller enbart tjäna som underhållning. Genom TV-utsändningar från olika sportevenemang har miljontals tittare världen över kommit i åtnjutande av idrottsprestationer av yttersta världsklass. TV-utsänd sport får ofta höga tittarsiffror, så även i Sverige. Priserna på sändningsrättigheter kopplade till sport har under det senaste decenniet stigit kraftigt, mycket till följd av en allt större konkurrens mellan olika TV-bolag, både internationellt och i Sverige. Prisutvecklingen är också ett resultat av den monopolsituation som finns i försäljningsledet av sändningsrättigheter, där idrottsorganisationer och rättighetsbolag, som äger de ursprungliga rättigheterna, har lärt sig att utnyttja sin marknadsmakt.

Syfte: Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att analysera TV-marknaden när det gäller sändningsrättigheter kopplade till sportevenemang. Detta görs utifrån en spelteoretisk ansats, i form av Robert Axelrods samarbetsteori, som bygger på studier av upprepade spel av fångarnas dilemma. Tesen är att olika TV-bolag genom en implicit form av samarbete, som går ut på att TV-bolagen i framtiden enbart bjuder på de sändningsrättigheter de har idag, skulle kunna motverka de negativa effekter som den monopolsituation som finns i försäljningsledet av sändningsrättigeter genererar, på ett sådant sätt att priset på rättigheterna sjunker till en nivå som ligger närmare marginalkostnaden för produktion.

Metod: Uppsatsen utgår från Robert Axelrods samarbetsteori, som har använts i en kvalitativ studie med ett hermeneutiskt vetenskapsideal som utgångspunkt. Referensramen bygger på redan befintlig teori, som appliceras på en problemställning, vilket gör att uppsatsen är deduktiv till sin karaktär. Material har inhämtats med hjälp av litteratur, tidningar och Internet, och har därtill kompletterats med kortare intervjuer med företrädare för de studerade TV-kanalerna på den svenska marknaden.

Resultat: Resultatet visar att det kan vara rationellt för TV-kanaler att samarbeta när det gäller sändningsrättigheter kopplade till sportevenemang. En absolut förutsättning för att uppnå ömsesidigt samarbete är att diskonteringsfaktorn är tillräckligt hög och att parterna kan lägga eventuell avundsjuka därhän. Men det finns problem, om parterna till exempel värderar sina egna rättigheter betydligt lägre än konkurrenternas. Om de exploaterar motståndaren och denne svarar med ett motavhopp, verkar motavhoppet inte avskräckande. Detta försvårar möjligheterna att uppnå ömsesidigt samarbete. Det är svårt att uttala sig om förutsättningarna för samarbete på den svenska marknaden, då vi inte vet exakt hur parterna värderar olika rättigheter. En listning av rättigheter inverkar negativt på möjligheterna att nå ömsesidigt samarbete mellan vissa TV-kanaler, eftersom den omintetgör vissa kanalers möjligheter att utöva vedergällning. Samtidigt ökar dock möjligheterna till ömsesidigt samarbete mellan de kanaler som inte omfattas av restriktionerna eftersom aktörerna blir färre till antalet, vilket leder till att interaktionsgraden ökar. Om ett samarbete kommer till stånd, kan priserna på rättigheterna pressas, vilket skulle reducera den allokeringsförlust som uppkommer till följd av monopolsituationen i försäljningsledet.

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Books on the topic "Distribution of TV rights"

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Blackshaw, Ian, Steve Cornelius, and Robert Siekmann, eds. TV Rights and Sport. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-487-5.

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Schønning, Peter. TV-programmedarbejderes ophavsrettigheder. [Copenhagen]: Akademisk forlag, 1989.

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Ulin, Jeff. The business of media distribution: Monetizing film, tv, and video content. Burlington, MA: Focal Press, 2009.

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The business of media distribution: Monetizing film, tv, and video content. Burlington, MA: Focal Press, 2009.

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Stibora, Joachim. Innovation, intellectual property rights, imitation and income distribution. Kingston upon Thames: Kingston University,Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, 2003.

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Needs, rights, and the market. Boulder, Colo: L. Rienner, 1988.

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Picot, Arnold, and Heinz Thielmann, eds. Distribution und Schutz digitaler Medien durch Digital Rights Management. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b138601.

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Commission, Scottish Law. Intestate succession and legal rights. Edinburgh: Scottish Law Commission, 1986.

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Commission, Scottish Law. Intestate succession and legal rights. Edinburgh [Scotland]: The Commission, 1986.

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Steele, Jenny, and W. H. van Boom. Mass justice: Challenges of representation and distribution. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Distribution of TV rights"

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Johnson, Catherine. "Online TV content production and distribution." In Online TV, 80–106. London ; New York : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315396828-4.

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Blackshaw, Ian S. "Sports TV Rights Agreements." In Sports Marketing Agreements: Legal, Fiscal and Practical Aspects, 285–312. The Hague, The Netherlands: T. M. C. Asser Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-793-7_13.

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Meißner, P. "Coherent Optical TV Distribution Network." In Telecommunications, 114–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-95654-6_14.

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Hamernik, Pavel. "Slovakia." In TV Rights and Sport, 481–85. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-487-5_30.

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Eshed, Joseph. "Israel." In TV Rights and Sport, 389–97. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-487-5_22.

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Ferrari, Luca. "Italy." In TV Rights and Sport, 399–418. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-487-5_23.

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Ohara, Yoshimi. "Japan." In TV Rights and Sport, 419–26. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-487-5_24.

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Schaus, Jean-Luc. "Luxembourg." In TV Rights and Sport, 427–30. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-487-5_25.

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Aleksandrovski, Igor. "Macedonia." In TV Rights and Sport, 431–38. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-487-5_26.

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Foks, Jacek. "Poland." In TV Rights and Sport, 439–49. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-487-5_27.

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Conference papers on the topic "Distribution of TV rights"

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Tan, Kang. "Sports TV Rights Sales Analysis." In 2015 International Conference on Social Science, Education Management and Sports Education. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ssemse-15.2015.590.

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Al-Feel, Haytham. "Semantic-based digital rights management system for TV broadcasting." In 2015 IEEE Advanced Information Technology, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IAEAC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iaeac.2015.7428511.

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Adelsbach, André, Markus Rohe, and Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi. "Towards multilateral secure digital rights distribution infrastructures." In the 5th ACM workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1102546.1102556.

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Xiao, Liangdong. "Problems and Legal Countermeasures of Intellectual Property Rights of Chinese Digital TV." In 2016 International Conference on Modern Management, Education Technology, and Social Science (MMETSS 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/mmetss-16.2017.74.

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Navali, Prabhu, and Raj Nair. "Common Mezzanine Distribution Format (CMZF): For ABR TV Distribution." In SMPTE 2016 Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/m001694.

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Kulupana, Gosala, Dumidu S. Talagala, Hemantha Kodikara Arachchi, and Anil Fernando. "Optimized resource distribution for interactive TV applications." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce.2015.7066322.

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BAACK, CLEMENS, GUNTER HEYDT, and GODEHARD WALF. "TV/HDTV distribution by optical fiber systems." In Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofc.1989.wc1.

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Alam, A., and J. A. Taylor. "An Auction for Financial Storage Rights." In Mediterranean Conference on Power Generation, Transmission, Distribution and Energy Conversion (MEDPOWER 2018). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2018.1858.

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Guillemot, Christine M. "Compatible HDTV/TV hierarchical scheme for secondary distribution of TV and HDTV signals." In Applications in Optical Science and Engineering, edited by Petros Maragos. SPIE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.131419.

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Prihandoko, Antonius Cahya, and Hossein Ghodosi. "Oblivious content distribution system to advantage digital rights management." In 2017 4th International Conference on Computer Applications and Information Processing Technology (CAIPT). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/caipt.2017.8320733.

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Reports on the topic "Distribution of TV rights"

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Carvalho, Helena. Land Inequality, Agricultural Productivity, and the Portuguese Agrarian Reform (1974-1976). APHES Working Paper in Economic and Social History, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55462/wpaphes_a_503.

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Land reforms sacrifice property rights in the name of a fairer distribution. The trade-off they imply makes their study of interest to Economic Historians: do the benefits of reduced land inequality justify the violation of property rights? The discussion about land reforms factors in both the social and efficiency consequences of land inequality. The debate preceding the Portuguese Agrarian Reform echoes these concerns and culminated in an anti-latifundia sentiment crystallized in the legislation used to justify the land occupations of 1974 to 1976. The aim of this paper is to critically assess the efficiency arguments used to justify the occupations. Was land productivity lower in latifúndio counties? A unique dataset drawn from primary sources was specially assembled to answer this question. Through standard OLS regression, this study finds that the number of agriculture journeyman per employer landowner has a statistically significant effect on agricultural productivity after controlling for geographical and soil characteristics. It also finds that introducing literacy as a control causes the effect of land inequality to disappear leading to the conclusion that policies aimed at improving human capital would have been just as effective as a land reform. Further, this study also identifies the crop mix selected as the proximate channel of transmission. Farmers in the region with the highest levels of land inequality favoured less valuable crops, like wheat. An arid climate combined with a lack of irrigation infrastructure and wheat protectionism justify this preference.
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Rights-Based Conservation: The path to preserving Earth's biological and cultural diversity? Rights and Resources Initiative, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53892/zikj2998.

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This report is informed by the imperative to prevent the collapse of biodiversity while respecting the tenure and human rights of Indigenous Peoples, local communities, and Afro-descendant Peoples. It seeks to highlight the risks and opportunities arising out of the proposed expansion of conservation areas by asking the following questions: 1) How many people live within important biodiversity conservation areas, including existing protected areas that could be affected by future conservation action required to meet biodiversity protection imperatives? 2) What is the distribution of people living in important biodiversity conservation areas according to the income status of countries? 3) As a notional exercise, what could be the potential financial cost of exclusionary conservation practices applied to all high biodiversity value terrestrial areas? 4) What are the costs and benefits of community rights-based conservation as an alternate pathway for the expansion of areas under conservation to meet biodiversity goals? 5) To what extent would recognizing and enforcing the collective tenure rights of Indigenous Peoples, local communities, and Afro-descendant Peoples contribute towards area-based targets for conservation?
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The female condom: Dynamics of use in urban Zimbabwe. Population Council, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv2002.1001.

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In July 1997, Population Services International (PSI), at the request of the Zimbabwe National AIDS Coordination Programme, launched a social marketing program for the female condom in Zimbabwe. The campaign's intended audience was women in long-term relationships. To avoid the stigma associated with condoms and the prevention of sexually transmitted infections, PSI marketed the female condom as a family planning product under the brand name Care™. Approximately one year after the start of the female condom social marketing campaign, the Horizons Program and PSI conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional study of female condom users, male condom users, and nonusers of either barrier method. At the time of the study, the female condom was being marketed in urban Zimbabwe through radio, TV, and print media, and sold through selected sales outlets, including pharmacies, large supermarkets, and convenience stores at a subsidized price. As stated in this brief, the goal of this research was to increase understanding of the patterns and dynamics of female condom use to inform policymakers and program planners involved in decisions about promotion and distribution of the female condom in Zimbabwe.
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Land Conflicts in India: An Interim Analysis. Rights and Resources Initiative, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.53892/dogb3075.

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Land and resource conflicts in India have deep implications for the well-being of the country’s people, institutions, investments, and long-term development. These conflicts reveal deep structural flaws in the country’s social, agrarian, and institutional structures, including ambiguities in property rights regimes and institutions. In 2014, a study focusing primarily on reports in the national media reflected the gravity of these conflicts. There was great interest in this narrow exercise, which prompted a more rigorous and detailed data collection on conflicts and creation of an interactive web portal on land and resource conflicts in India. While the exercise is ongoing, this brief provides an interim analysis of approximately 289 conflicts for which data was collected thus far, covering the period between January-September, 2016. This analysis provides a powerful instrument to understand land resource conflicts in India. The emerging patterns from the analysis of the 289 conflicts provide inferences about sectoral and spatial distribution of conflicts. Based on these patterns, our assessment is that this brief has captured roughly 25- 40 percent of active and substantive land conflicts in the country.
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