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Journal articles on the topic 'Distribution of TV rights'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 24 April 2022

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1

Koutroumanides, Christos, Panagiotis Alexopoulos, Athanasios Laios, and John Douvis. "The Italian Serie A TV Rights Selling Model – Historical Study." GYMNASIUM XIX, no. 1 (Supplement) (June 24, 2019): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29081/gsjesh.2018.19.1s.06.

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In mid 2000s the tv rights income reaches a 873 million euro for the 2005-06 season, with the Serie A tv rights annual income to gradually increase from a 844 million euro for the 2009-10 season to an amazing approximate 1,4 billion euro for the 2018-21 season. All these years Lega Calcio experimented a lot in the designing and application of a tv rights selling mechanism and its accompanied tv rights income distribution model. The Greek Superleague followed similar paths with Lega Calcio, when for many years in early 2000s clubs could exploit their tv rights by themselves. Even later, in late 200s and after the establishment of SL and with the collective selling mechanism in use, this mechanism didn’t include all participating clubs. The study aims to show how could Greek Superleague higher management staff learn from the Serie A tv rights deal history and follow the league’s recent tv rights optimal collective selling practices.

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Koutroumanides, Christos, Panagiotis Alexopoulos, Athanasios Laios, and John Douvis. "The French Ligue 1 TV Rights Selling Model – Historical Study." GYMNASIUM XIX, no. 1 (Supplement) (June 24, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29081/gsjesh.2018.19.1s.03.

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In 1996, the Lega Calcio deal with RAI expired and the league signed deal with four media groups for 11 television packages, generating 100 million euro for the clubs. In mid 2000s the tv rights income reaches a 873 million euro for the 2005-06 season, with the Serie A tv rights annual income to gradually increase from a 844 million euro for the 2009-10 season to an amazing approximate 1,4 billion euro for the 2018-21 season. All these years Lega Calcio experimented a lot in the designing and application of a tv rights selling mechanism and its accompanied tv rights income distribution model. The study could be used by several professional football leagues, with the Greek Superleague being one of them, in order its higher management to evaluate the actions LFP undertook all these years and how these actions affected could be followed.

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Koutroumanides, Christos, Panagiotis Alexopoulos, Athanasios Laios, and John Douvis. "The German Bundesliga TV Rights Selling Model – Historical Study." GYMNASIUM XIX, no. 1 (June 24, 2019): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.29081/gsjesh.2018.19.1.10.

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The tv rights income for each Bundesliga club for the 1999/00 season was approximately 6 million euro, while for the 2001-2003 period, a new tv rights deal almost doubled the league annual revenues from 212 to 383 million euro. The next deal, for the 2004-2009 period, valued 440 million euro per season, and the 2009-2013 period deal was slightly lower, at the level of 412 million euro per season. Βundesliga succeeded a spectacular increase in their tv rights income with the 2013-17 period deal, securing 628 million euro per season. The purpose of the study is to show how the German football authorities marketed the German football championship and applied selling and income distribution mechanisms, in order to increase the rights value and the clubs revenues in a spectacular way over the last 20 years. The study could be useful to any football league that wants to develop and sell their televised product.

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McCosker, Anthony. "The future of sports delivery in Australia NBN multicast, IPTV and the role of the ISPs." Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 1, no. 1 (December 15, 2013): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/ajtde.v1n1.127.

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Where lucrative media rights deals for sports content currently lie primarily with pay TV and free to air (FTA) broadcasters, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) entering the content delivery market through partners such as Fetch TV may be better placed to compete for distribution rights to sporting and other live events. In response to this shifting environment this paper outlines the technological capacities of NBN-based multicast Internet Protocol Television (IPTV), and examines public comment and interview data from ISPs, sports organisations and NBN Co. regarding their intentions for IPTV delivery. This paper begins with the assumption that diversity in these emerging media forms remains important as ISPs enter the media content market. We demonstrate, however, that despite the emergence of NBN-based technologies, diversity in sports content distribution cannot be assumed. The paper points toward the important role that regulators, such as the ACCC, have in maintaining diversity and competition in IPTV services.

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McCosker, Anthony. "The future of sports delivery in Australia NBN multicast, IPTV and the role of the ISPs." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 1, no. 1 (December 15, 2013): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v1n1.127.

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Where lucrative media rights deals for sports content currently lie primarily with pay TV and free to air (FTA) broadcasters, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) entering the content delivery market through partners such as Fetch TV may be better placed to compete for distribution rights to sporting and other live events. In response to this shifting environment this paper outlines the technological capacities of NBN-based multicast Internet Protocol Television (IPTV), and examines public comment and interview data from ISPs, sports organisations and NBN Co. regarding their intentions for IPTV delivery. This paper begins with the assumption that diversity in these emerging media forms remains important as ISPs enter the media content market. We demonstrate, however, that despite the emergence of NBN-based technologies, diversity in sports content distribution cannot be assumed. The paper points toward the important role that regulators, such as the ACCC, have in maintaining diversity and competition in IPTV services.

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6

Alvarez, Clara Luz. "Rethinking Must-Carry and Retransmission Consent Regulation in the Digital Era." Law, State and Telecommunications Review 12, no. 1 (March 16, 2020): 9–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/lstr.v12i1.24914.

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The emergence of new technological platforms to access online services and content have transformed the media landscape dramatically. They require policymakers to reexamine the decades-old regulations traditionally addressed to broadcasters and telecommunications providers. Must-carry, retransmission consent, and “carry one, carry all” rules in particular require reconsideration, if not reform. Must-carry regulation mandates cable and satellite pay TV providers to retransmit free-to-air broadcast programming. Such regulations have been adopted around the world, including the United States, Mexico, and France, the subjects of this article. Policymakers in these three countries have offered a variety of justifications for such rules, including the promotion of competition, local news and content, viewers´ rights, and content diversity. Recent data and case law, however, strongly suggest that emergent platforms to access online services and content undermine the standing justifications for must-carry, retransmission, and “carry one, carry all” rules. This Article argues that policymakers should consider other regulatory mechanisms to achieve the original reasons for such rules. The dramatic increase in the variety of devices (e.g., TV, tablet, mobile phones, smart TVs), service and content distributors (e.g., free-to-air TV, cable TV, internet), and service providers (e.g., broadcasters and “over-the-top” internet providers) strongly suggests that policymakers must reconsider the current approach. But any amendment to current regulation will depend on internet penetration and access to new video distribution platforms in a given geographic area. That is, without internet access, free-to-air TV might continue to be an important platform for service and content distribution.

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Solberg, Harry Arne, and Knut Helland. "Sports Broadcasting." Nordicom Review 32, no. 2 (November 1, 2011): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nor-2017-0110.

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Abstract The present article analyses how various forms of business integrations, combined with technology innovation, have affected the sports broadcasting market in Norway. Interviews with representatives of Norwegian TV broadcasters and transmission companies documented that extremely fierce competition can motivate former rivals to collaborate. Even the new entrants tend to operate together with others instead of operating autonomously. Such collusion can transfer market power from the sellers to the buyers of sports rights. The interviews showed how product innovations can improve the profitability of sports broadcasting. They confirmed that integration can generate economies of scope advantages (cost reductions from the joint use of inputs), for example by using labour more efficiently within parent companies. Additionally, they also showed that economies of scope advantages can come from similarities in the distribution of goods and services, not only from similarities in the production process.

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8

Autissier, Anne-Marie. "Professional and personal strategies of documentary filmmakers in Brazil: the case of the State of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais." Culture and Local Governance 7, no. 1-2 (June 7, 2021): 55–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18192/clg-cgl.v7i1-2.5922.

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Between 2012 and 2019, this qualitative sociological research was part of a documentary "boom" moment in Brazil, in terms of production and international recognition. Faced with a bottleneck in terms of their distribution, a growing number of festivals have opened up for documentaries, not counting the historical festival "É tudo Verdade" (São Paulo). This period also corresponds to a time when attempts at policies in favor of documentary films were made by the Federation and the Ministry of Culture (MinC) – public channel TV Brasil, TV Cultura, Doc.TV... These various advances have allowed the expression of a "black" cinema (Joel Zito Araujo), LGBT concerns (Karla Holanda), women’s rights (Helena Solberg and Susanna Lira) and the possibility for indigenous people to seize digital tools to reflect their own realities (Vincent Carelli, Video nas aldeias). Thus, while the Brazilian authorities were carrying out unfinished policies facing the weight of the private oligopolistic sector, it was interesting to analyze how documentary filmmakers developed their professional strategies. From this perspective, fourteen directors were the subject of semi-structured interviews in the state of Rio de Janeiro and three in Minas Gerais. In addition, producers and festival managers were also contacted. But the arrival of the Bolsonaro government caused a real rift. Against a backdrop of cultural war, fake news aimed at discrediting artistic circles, the takeover of the National Cinema Agency (ANCINE) and the abandonment of the São Paulo film library, cuts from major corporate sponsors, and beyond, Brazilian documentary filmmakers have found themselves strangers in their own country.

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9

Kossecki, Paweł, and Oguzhan Akin. "Valuation of copyrights to audiovisual works: transparency practices of the copyright management organizations in the European Union." Ekonomia i Prawo 20, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 543–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/eip.2021.033.

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Motivation: The functioning of the audiovisual sector strongly depends on the use of copyrights and related rights. Problems with their clearing could harm the functioning of companies and might even lead to strong financial problems. The distribution of copyright-protected audiovisual works requires the licensing of rights by different rightsholders. Some of them are represented by Copyright Management Organizations (CMOs), which allow users to clear rights for many works without individual negotiations. Fees paid to CMOs for copyright-protected content constitute a significant part of operating costs for companies like TV stations, cable operators, VoD (Video on Demand) platforms. In case of intellectual properties for audiovisual works, CMOs make the valuation. They have been facing legal challenges due to subjective valuations as a result of being monopolies in the local market of the represented country and lack of transparency. Aim: This work explores the transparency of 21 CMOs in 4 EU countries due to their expected to be an integrated market status as the result of political and economic amalgamation. In addition to the adoption of The European Union Directive on collective management of copyright and multi-territorial licensing of rights, as part of the EU’s Digital Single Market project, this exploratory research, with comparative analysis of CMOs using the linear ordering methods, explains the necessity of an epagogic approach to creating correct institutions besides directives and laws, such as central observation, an ombudsman for conflict management, or an official body to employ these features in one structure to actively govern the market. Results: The conducted analysis allowed us to reflect on the importance of transparency and taxonomic mapping of the audiovisual market landscape will be the guideline to flatten the copyright valuation divergence in the EU and eventually will pave the way for fewer disputes and more innovations.

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10

Nefedova, Darya N. "Destiny of Indian Cinema in Russia." Journal of Flm Arts and Film Studies 8, no. 4 (December 15, 2016): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vgik8466-74.

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The relationship of domestic moviegoers to the works of Indian cinema has a complex and heterogeneous development history. The Soviet audience watched the first Indian movie back in the 1950s, which gave a powerful impetus to the formation of multifaceted contacts between Indian and Soviet film industry. As a result such films were shot as Journey Beyond Three Seas, Black Prince Adjouba, The Adventures of Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves, the famous My name is clown by Raj Kapoor, and others. However, a sympathy to the Indian cinema of the 1970-80s led to the formation of the stereotypes (frivolous story, improbable fights, numerous songs and dances, etc.), which have been preserved by this day, in spite of the changes that occurred in the Indian film industry. In the 1990s, there was a revision of values on the part of the domestic audience and interest for Indian cinema began to wane. Development of various types of video media has allowed fans to buy movies for personal viewing. At the turn of the century a number of television companies obtained broadcasting rights for the classic Indian films. Broadcasting of the channels India TV and Zee-TV, completely dedicated to the Indian culture, marked a new stage in distribution of Indian cinema in this country. In addition, the Internet technology gave way for development of various kinds of specialized resources. These facts, as well as resumed festivals of Indian cinema in the last decade in this country, speak in favor of the revival of the audience interest to it. Despite the virtual absence of the joint Russian-Indian films in the last decades and a small amount of Indian films, audience sympathy gives rise to the assumption of the prospects for this kind of cooperation, as well as accentuation of resuming heavy study of Indian cinema by Russian researchers.

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11

Dietl, Helmut, and Tariq Hasan. "Pay-TV Versus Free-Tv: A Model of Sports Broadcasting Rights Sales." Eastern Economic Journal 33, no. 3 (July 2007): 405–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/eej.2007.33.

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12

Koutroumanides, Christos, Panagiotis Alexopoulos, Athanasios Laios, and John Douvis. "The English Premier League Mobile Phone Broadcasting Rights Selling Model – Historical Study." GYMNASIUM XIX, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.29081/gsjesh.2018.19.2.13.

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Indicative of those rights increasing use was that for the 2004-2007 period Premier League games, 3/Vodafone bought the rights for 11,5 million euro, while for the 2007-2010 period, BSkyB bought the rights for 12,4 million euro. In 2010, the Walt Disney Co’s sports TV network ESPN has acquired the rights to screen Premier League highlights on UK mobile phones. The rights to all 380 Barclays Premier League matches were previously held by pay-TV rival British Sky Broadcasting. In 2013, News International, owned by the pay-TV broadcaster's controlling shareholder News Corporation, prevailed against BSkyB in the battle to acquire the Premier League exclusive rights to internet and mobile highlights for 30 million pounds, for three years. Sun, Times and Sunday Times publisher shut out fellow News Corp division as well as Yahoo, O2 and Perform Group.

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13

Coad, J. "Passing off, format rights and TV programme titles." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 1, no. 10 (July 26, 2006): 638–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpl110.

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14

Skachkov, N. G. "Legal Regulation of Cross-Border Shipping of Dangerous Goods in the Conditions of Digitalization." Lex Russica 1, no. 2 (February 28, 2020): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2020.159.2.133-140.

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The author explores the legal aspects of network space risks, when legal imperatives are laid for the transportation and stay of a consignment of dangerous goods on board a ship. It is concluded that it is difficult to choose the law to be applied. In this regard, the material norms that make up the operational risk space can serve as a guide. Their selection is often a precursor to earning assets net operating profit. At the same time, the variety of legal facts with which the acquirer on arrival of property associates his right to file an ownership claim is formulated either in the contract of connection or accession. Therefore, separate prerequisites for the emergence of business and legal risks at the stage of abandoning consumer insurance in favor of its property qualification are highlighted. The paper shows types of encumbrances that accompany the problems of optimizing the costs of insurance against cyber risks. Even if insurance companies find their offer profitable for customers, the basis of the risk of financial loss is still the recovery of lost data. The insurer is forced to dispose of advanced analytical developments, such as, for example, blockchain or smart contracts that are very common today. Policyholders, in turn, use digital distribution and other virtual service models to not only reduce costs to a minimum, but also gain competitive advantages. The author analyzes the norms of the Convention acts on the transboundary shipping of dangerous goods. The International standards of TV and radio communications ISO/IEC 11801 and ISO/IEC 27001 (ISMS — 2018) are studied, and the conclusion is made that the threat to technological resources is identified with a comprehensive legal strategy for owner protection.

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Koutroumanides, Christos, Panagiotis Alexopoulos, Athanasios Laios, and John Douvis. "The English Premier League TV Rights Selling Model – Historical Study." GYMNASIUM XIX, no. 1 (June 24, 2019): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.29081/gsjesh.2018.19.1.07.

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Football games broadcasting started in 1964, with the highlights broadcasting every Saturday night. In 1983 the first live broadcasting took place, and since PL establishment, the public BBC and secondly the private ITV held the tv rights for 2 million pound per year. In 1988, ITV acquired the rights for four years until 1992. The 2007-10 period tv rights were sold for 1,706 billion pounds and the 2010-13 period deal increased their value to 1,773 billion pounds. With the current 2016-19 deal of 3,018 billion pounds, EPL is getting the amazing 5,136 billion pounds fee, making EPL the world’s second wealthiest sporting league – in tv rights annual income terms – only after the American National Football League. The purpose of the study is to show how the collective selling model of an attractive televised football product could generate high income to the clubs league.

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Berber, Leyla Keser, and Ayça Atabey. "Addressable TV and Consent Sequencing." Global Privacy Law Review 1, Issue 1 (February 1, 2020): 14–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gplr2020004.

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According to the preamble of the EU passenger rights regulation (EU Regulation 261/2004) strikes that affect the operation of an operating air carrier are explicitly provided as an example of extraordinary circumstances, exempting the air carrier from having to pay compensation to the passengers. Complex in this regard is how one should see strikes by airlines staff also named ‘internal strikes’.

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Chaplin, J. "Development of satellite TV distribution and broadcasting." Electronics & Communications Engineering Journal 4, no. 1 (1992): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ecej:19920010.

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Kulupana, Gosala, Dumidu S. Talagala, Hemantha Kodikara Arachchi, and Anil Fernando. "Optimized resource distribution for interactive TV applications." IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 61, no. 3 (August 2015): 344–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tce.2015.7298294.

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19

Johnston, Barbara. "Human Rights and the Environment." Practicing Anthropology 16, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.16.1.w87p785n356216gm.

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1989. The pre-Earth Day 20 media blitz had reached its fevered pitch. Chico Mendez was murdered, and the images of rain forests burning and rubber tappers nervously awaiting the bullets were seen on TV screens across the world. Birds dropped from the trees in Mexico City, their lungs and intestines lined and even their feathers coated with cadmium, lead, and other heavy metals. Ships circled the globe searching for a port to land their stores of garbage. With "glasnost" discourse encouraged, information flowed in new directions, and overnight Poland was recognized as the most polluted spot on the planet.

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Oh, Seok June, Du Hwan Chung, and Han Seo Ko. "Analysis of Thermal Distribution for LCD-TV Using Infrared Camera." Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (October 2006): 817–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.817.

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Demand of a LCD-TV is remarkably increasing with development of the LCD technology in these days. However, there are thermal problems to improve efficiency for the LCD-TV. Thus, the thermal problems such as convection and conduction heat transfer characteristics have been analyzed for the LCD-TV using an IR (Infrared) camera. Measured temperatures in an outer side of the front panel have been compared with results of an inner side of the front panel using the IR camera and T-type thermocouples, respectively. Equations have been derived for the temperature distribution of the inner side of the LCD panel by developed multiple regression methods including variables for ambient temperatures and measured outer temperatures of the front panel of the LCD-TV.

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21

Jaska, Ewa. "THE ROLE OF SPORTS BROADCASTS IN GAINING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE BY TV STATIONS." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia 17, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2018.17.3.36.

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The aim of this paper is to explore the role of sports broadcasts in achieving competitive advantage by TV stations over their rivals on the basis of primary and secondary sources. Firstly, the study provides a review of the transformations of the television market in Poland resulting in more intense search for new content and sources of funding. Secondly, it presents analysis of viewership and advertising revenues of TV stations holding rights for sports broadcasts. Finally, it investigates what factors determine viewers’ decision to pay for premium content. The conducted analysis covers broadcasts of selected sporting events, namely football matches played as part of championships and ski jumping. TV stations holding rights to broadcast important sports events have higher advertising revenues, bigger audience market shares and launch additional channels, special platforms and use social media to deliver their content to all segments of the audio-visual market.

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22

Robertson, Aidan. "The Application of European Competition Law to Sports Broadcasting." World Competition 25, Issue 4 (December 1, 2002): 423–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/5108309.

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This article considers the application of European competition law to agreements for, and practices relating to the broadcasting of sports events. Along with Hollywood first run movies, live exclusive broadcasting rights to top football and Formula One grand prix motor racing have been key to selling pay TV subscriptions. European competition law has sought to ensure that these rights are exploited in a way which retains the ability for rival broadcasters to enter the pay TV market. The recent UEFA Champions League case gives significant guidance as to the future application of competition law in this area. However, commercial developments may have outstripped the Commission’s remedies.

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23

Ruiz-San-Román, José Antonio, and Marta Salguero-Montero. "TV channels social responsibility: self-regulation on TV contents during special protected schedule." Comunicar 15, no. 30 (March 1, 2008): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c30-2008-02-003.

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National TV channels in Spain signed a self-regulation code to protect rights of children on December 2004. This code developed a special protected schedule for children from 8.00 am to 9.00 am and 17.00 pm to 20.00 pm. This article studies this measure as a social responsibility action to protect children as stakeholders. We also offer the results of an analysis content made in four different periods that measures how often TV channels have ignored the code. Las cadenas españolas de televisión firmaron, en diciembre de 2004, un código de autorregulación para proteger los derechos de la infancia. Este código estableció un horario de especial protección para con la infancia de 8 a 9 de la mañana y de 5 a 8 de la tarde. El artículo estudia esta medida como una acción de responsabilidad social para proteger, tanto a los niños como a los diferentes grupos de interés involucrados. Ofrecemos también los resultados de un análisis de contenido hecho en cuatro períodos diferentes para medir con cuánta frecuencia las cadenas de televisión han incumplido dicho código.

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24

Jackson, Mike J., and Bruce Moskowitz. "On the distribution of Verwey transition temperatures in natural magnetites." Geophysical Journal International 224, no. 2 (October 28, 2020): 1314–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa516.

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SUMMARY The Verwey transition in magnetite is a crystallographic phase transition occurring in the temperature range 80–125 K and depends on stoichiometry and cation substitution, which may in turn serve as an indicator of the conditions under which magnetite was formed or altered in nature. We have analysed the distribution of Verwey transition temperatures (TV) in a large set of samples (N = 1110) from a wide variety of rocks, sediments, and other natural and synthetic materials containing magnetite, mined from the database of the Institute for Rock Magnetism and from published studies. The analysis is restricted to measurements of remanence while warming through the transition from which TV was determined by the derivative method. Our analysis showed that the TV distribution exhibited a generally bimodal distribution of Verwey transition temperatures, both for the entire data set and for almost all of the lithological subsets. There is a sharp peak for values in the range 118–120 K, and a broad, relatively flat or polymodal distribution from about 98 to 118 K. The upper end of the distribution was sharp, with only a few values exceeding 124 K, and the tail on the lower end extended down to about 80 K. Virtually all of the sample types exhibited polymodal distributions, almost always with one peak near 120 K, and with one or more additional peaks at lower temperatures. Biogenic magnetites produced by magnetotactic bacteria had the lowest modal value of TV (100 K). Loesses (103.5 K) and igneous extrusives (102.5 K) also had low modal transition temperatures and distributions with dominant low-TV peaks. Lithological groups with the highest modal transition temperatures were modern soils (119.5 K), silicate minerals with exsolved magnetite (119 K) and sedimentary rocks (119 K). Numerical experiments confirmed that the derivative method for the determination of TV was reasonably robust and that the observed distributions cannot be explained as an artefact related to the determination of TV from individual thermomagnetic runs but rather is a general characteristic of natural magnetites. The results provide context for studies that interpret TV in particular samples in terms of natural processes or conditions during formation or alteration of magnetite.

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Lee, Moon-Haeng. "Distribution Mechanism of TV Dramas and Its Windows." Journal of the Korea Contents Association 8, no. 10 (October 28, 2008): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5392/jkca.2008.8.10.104.

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Fadda, Mauro, Maurizio Murroni, Cristian Perra, and Vlad Popescu. "TV white spaces exploitation for multimedia signal distribution." Signal Processing: Image Communication 27, no. 8 (September 2012): 893–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.image.2012.01.014.

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BULGAKOV, B. M., V. V. GLAMAZDIN, V. M. MORGUN, M. P. NATAROV, O. G. NECHAEV, V. N. SKRESANOV, and A. I. SHOOBNY. "Millimeter Wave Radiorelay Systems For TV Signals Distribution." Turkish Journal of Physics 20, no. 4 (January 1, 1996): 420–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.55730/1300-0101.2589.

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28

Lamarre, Thomas. "Regional tv: Affective Media Geographies." Asiascape: Digital Asia 2, no. 1-2 (January 15, 2015): 93–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22142312-12340021.

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The rise of what has been called ‘new television’ or ‘media regionalism’ in East Asia has occurred in a context in which the production of media networks ‒ both infrastructures (broadcast and relay stations, satellites, cable systems) and media devices or platforms (tvsets,vcr,vcd, and mobile phones) ‒ outstrips the production of contents. The essay considers the question: what is coming into common through this emerging sense of media regionalism? Looking at the highly popular seriesHana yori dangoor ‘Boys over Flowers’, which has been formatted across media forms (such as manga, animatedtvseries, animated films, television dramas, and theatrical release cinema) and across nations (Japan, Taiwan, Korea, China, and the Philippines), this essay finds that the feeling of media regionalism is related to both the gap between infrastructures (of distribution and production) and the gap within media distribution (between mobility and privatization).

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Lian, Shiguo. "Digital rights management for the home TV based on scalable video coding." IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 54, no. 3 (August 2008): 1287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tce.2008.4637619.

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30

Kulichenko, M. O., and A. V. Shulga. "RADIANTS AND ORBITAL DISTRIBUTION OF TV FAINT SPORADIC METEORS." Odessa Astronomical Publications 31 (October 23, 2018): 186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/1810-4215.2018.31.145340.

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31

Buzova, Natalia Vladimirovna. "Protection of exclusive rights to objects of copyright and related rights used in the creation of TV programs." Russian justice, no. 9 (2021): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.52433/01316761_2021_9_46.

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Barry, Norman. "No 'Just' Distribution of Property Rights." Economic Affairs 5, no. 2 (January 1985): 35–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0270.1985.tb01065.x.

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Zanderighi, Luca, and Enrico Zaninotto. "Property rights distribution in European retailing." International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research 4, no. 4 (January 1994): 393–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593969400000030.

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van Keulen, Jolien, Joke Bauwens, and Tonny Krijnen. "“Everyone Working a Little More Closely Together”: The Transnationalization of Creative Production in TV Production Conglomerates." Television & New Media 21, no. 7 (May 3, 2019): 749–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527476419844779.

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To survive contemporary developments in the TV industry and as a result of international mergers and acquisitions, production companies often form transnational media corporations. In this article, we examine TV production groups as global-local networks that pursue competitive advantages of transnational integration. Combining a critical industry studies approach with management perspectives, and building on different data sources, this article aims to open up the black box of management beliefs, discourses, and material practices within TV production networks. Our analysis shows how the industry’s hunt for profitable, reproducible practices and intellectual property (IP) rights translates into transnational creative pipelines, knowledge flows, and interdependencies. Transnational management practices include surveillance of local production, the installation of information flows, shared practices and procedures, and socialization processes. This article argues that corporate structures, strategies, and management practices coordinate TV production across borders, shape industrial practices, and foster a transnational production culture.

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Clark, Jennifer S. "From Stripping on Broadway to Knitting on TV." Feminist Media Histories 2, no. 4 (2016): 143–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fmh.2016.2.4.143.

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Using program content, industry contextualization, and archival materials, this article analyzes The Gypsy Rose Lee Show (ABC, 1965–68) in terms of its complex relationship to labor and the consequences of labor practices for television workers. Hosted by famed performer Gypsy Rose Lee, this syndicated program utilized the celebrity and performance skills of its host and guests to both express and mask the labors required of television production. While the feminized and queer qualities of such labors created progressive performances around marginalized workers and invisible work, in some aspects the show acceded to the economic demands of capital against the rights of labor. Lee as a television celebrity and worker thus warrants consideration for her contributions to a transitional moment in American culture and television history.

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YANG, JIN. "Framing Immigration and Illegal Immigration in the 2016 Presidential Campaigns: Comparing Donald Trump and Bernie Sander’s Position." ATHENS JOURNAL OF MASS MEDIA AND COMMUNICATIONS 7, no. 1 (December 7, 2020): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajmmc.7-1-1.

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This study compared the U.S. TV news coverage of Donald Trump’s and Bernie Sanders’ talking points on immigration in the 2016 presidential campaign. Utilizing six common frames on immigration in general and adopting framing’s function approach (which consists of definition, causes and solutions aspects of an issue or a topic under discussion) to illegal immigration, the study content analyzed 153 TV news transcripts. Trump's talking points highlighted the claim that immigrants were dangerous because they brought crimes to U.S., and they had to be deported and borders must be secured. Sanders’ talking points emphasized the idea of a nation of immigrants where even illegal immigrants should be entitled to basic human rights, and immigration reform constituted a better solution. The causes for illegal immigration, however, were largely marginalized in the TV news coverage. Keywords: Framing immigration, framing illegal immigration, framing’s function approach, 2016 U.S. presidential campaign, U.S. TV news coverage of election

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Gillis, Jonathan. "Privacy Rights and Satellite Broadcasts." Israel Law Review 27, no. 3 (1993): 384–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700011353.

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The subject matter of this article is, at bottom, a practical problem. It accepts that people have a right to privacy and that this right should find proper protection in the law. It asks, simply, whether such protection is at all feasible given the particular technology of broadcast by satellite.For the purposes of investigating this problem several issues must be addressed. First is the nature of the violation of privacy involved. Our concern here is principally with TV news broadcasts. We begin from the point where the debate over “what is in the public interest versus what the public is interested in” has ended; there will be general consensus that the content of a certain broadcast represents a violation of an individual's privacy and one about which the law should do something. An example might be the filming in the public domain of a private individual caught in the shock of personal grief or tragedy. In such a case we would need to investigate the nature of the injury involved in any subsequent broadcast of these sounds and images, and to ask what dimension, if any, is added to this injury by their simultaneous broadcast across the globe.

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Olivier, Jako. "Acknowledging and protecting language rights on SABC TV through the use of subtitles." Communicatio 37, no. 2 (August 2011): 225–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02500167.2011.589393.

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Rorden, Bill, and Merv Graham. "A Proposal for Integrating Digital Audio Distribution into TV Production." SMPTE Journal 101, no. 9 (September 1992): 606–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/j02223.

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Helms, J., A. Reichelt, M. Semjen, and B. H. Verbeek. "32 digital uncompressed TV channel distribution via 8 HDWDM channels." Journal of Lightwave Technology 13, no. 8 (1995): 1648–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/50.405306.

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Shyh-Yih Wang and Chi-Sung Laih. "Efficient Key Distribution for Access Control in Pay-TV Systems." IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 10, no. 3 (April 2008): 480–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2008.917417.

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Babacan, S. D., R. Molina, and A. K. Katsaggelos. "Parameter Estimation in TV Image Restoration Using Variational Distribution Approximation." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 17, no. 3 (March 2008): 326–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2007.916051.

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Lian, Shiguo, and Xi Chen. "Secure and traceable multimedia distribution for convergent Mobile TV services." Computer Communications 33, no. 14 (September 2010): 1664–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2010.03.015.

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Stennek, Johan. "Exclusive quality – Why exclusive distribution may benefit the TV-viewers." Information Economics and Policy 26 (March 2014): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infoecopol.2013.11.002.

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van Beelen, Jane. "Media Reforms: Telstra's Perspective." Media International Australia 122, no. 1 (February 2007): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0712200106.

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Jane van Beelen outlines Telstra's perspective on the media reforms in the context of convergence. Telstra has argued that allocation of an unassigned 700MHz channel for mobile TV is consistent with the government's policy objectives of harnessing the opportunities from convergence to achieve diversity in Australia's media sector, and will enable the efficient provision of mobile TV services. Telstra cautions that these benefits will only manifest if the regulatory settings are right. The regulatory framework for Channel B will need to provide for competitive neutrality, up-front clarity of rights and obligations, market-based outcomes and a ‘light-touch’ regulatory framework.

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Klaić, Zvonimir. "Demand side management in the distribution system with photovoltaic generation." Tehnicki vjesnik-Technical Gazette 22, no. 4 (August 8, 2015): 989–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17559/tv-20141205092803.

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Maohuan, Huang. "On the Temperature Distribution of Glaciers in China." Journal of Glaciology 36, no. 123 (1990): 210–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s002214300000945x.

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AbstractTo date, the temperatures of 22 glaciers in China have been measured. It is suggested that the minimum temperature at the base of the active layer in the upper part of the ablation area (Tmin) be used as a characteristic temperature and compared with mean annual air temperature (Ta). The temperature distribution is discussed for various glaciers. Polar-type glaciers are characterized by low temperatures with Tmin < −10°C, Tmin close to Tv and a cold base in general; sub-polar-type glaciers with −10°C < Tmin < −1.0°C, Tmin higher than Tv and a melting base are usually located beneath the middle of the ablation area; and temperate-type glaciers with Tmin < −1.0°C, certainly higher than Ta and a sub-freezing near-surface layer in the ablation area all the year round, because the snow cover is thinner in winter.

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Andrzejewski, Adam, and Mateusz Salwa. "Law and TV Series." Brill Research Perspectives in Art and Law 2, no. 2 (August 10, 2018): 1–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24684309-12340004.

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AbstractThe aim of the article is to analyse seriality from the point of view of philosophical aesthetics. Such an approach reveals that seriality has a normative character that is often overlooked by other disciplines. Seriality is unanimously considered to be one of the most characteristic traits of contemporary popular culture, but the field where it currently comes to the foreground is TV series. They have been studied within media theory and cultural studies for quite a long time, but they have been analysed mainly in terms of their production, distribution, and consumption across various and changing social contexts. Aiming to show how philosophy may contribute to “seriality studies”, the authors follow the agenda of philosophical aesthetics and conceive of seriality as a factor which defines the structure of TV series, their aesthetic properties, as well as their modes of reception. They claim that seriality is normative as it is possible to indicate what features a television show has to have in order to be a serial show as well as the manner in which it should be watched if it is to be experienced as a serial work.

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Khan, Musa, Yong-Jin Won, and Nilüfer Pembecioğlu. "Cultural Exportation, Digital Distribution, and Penetration of K-Dramas in Turkey." Transnational Marketing Journal 9, no. 2 (September 13, 2021): 367–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/tmj.v9i2.1054.

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South Korea has pursued a multidimensional public diplomacy strategy in which Korean television exports and capitalization have emerged as a public and commercial cultural diplomacy tool over the last two decades. This article examines the widespread influence of Korean television content, including digital serial delivery, cultural exportation, cultural interactions, and capitalization—that is, content sales, indirect advertising, and media-induced tourism. Empirical data was obtained from Turkey’s audience members using the online survey tool. As a result of the social and cultural impact, the respondents’ opinions on Korean serials are both animated and rational. The creation of audience members’ social, psychological, and cultural experiences with K-Dramas clarifies their intimacy and activeness. Unlike local or other international content, a significant number of respondents claim that Korean TV serials are not only a source of entertainment but also have profound edifying aspects. According to the results, “Cultural Proximity” and “Content Availability” are two of the most important factors in choosing Korean TV serials over foreign content. The “content availability” is based on the emergence and expansion of Streaming TV; however, in cultural proximity, similarities in family norms and values in both nations are notable.

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Silvestri, Vito N. "Television’s Interface With Kennedy, Nixon, and Trump: Two Politicians and One TV Celebrity." American Behavioral Scientist 63, no. 7 (August 29, 2018): 971–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764218784992.

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With the historical televised first presidential debates of John F. Kennedy and Richard M. Nixon, television made its national debut as a political influence. Television became a third player in the debates in the way it filmed the candidates. Kennedy and Nixon respectively served as models of effective and ineffective presentations of oneself on the electronic screen. Because of this event, “The Image” emerged as part of the sensibility for any public figure as well as an intrinsic part of the political lexicon. Kennedy, as President, also developed a model of his frequent usage of television as an outreach connection to the public. A few years later television became the dominant media when it presented the Vietnam War to the viewers’ living rooms. This sparked a series of protests not only anti-draft but from other movements: civil rights, black protest, student rights, women’s rights in a society that was becoming part of an unprecedented information age. Television not only reported these events, it repeated its visual imagery which helped to reinforce changing norms in our society. Fifty-five years later, Donald Trump, known for his television celebrity as well as his reputation as a successful businessman, became an unusual marker of reality about public tolerance and acceptance, largely helped by cable television and its effect after fifty-five years of viewers and the additional factor of hundreds of cable channels. Kennedy, Nixon and Trump serve as bookends for television’s prominent and definitely mediated influence on American history.

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