Relevant bibliographies by topics / Distributional transformation

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Distributional transformation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Distributional transformation"

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Gaikwad, S. B., and M. S. Chaudhary. "Tauberian-type theorems with application to the Stieltjes transformation." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 2006 (2006): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/ijmms/2006/75816.

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In the first part, we define the spaceL'(r)and the modified Stieltjes transformation introduced by Lavoine and Misra (1979) and Marichev (1983), respectively. In the second part of the paper, we extend Tauberian-type theorems for the distributional Stieltjes transformations to the distributional modified Stieltjes transformations.
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Nikolic-Despotovic, D., and A. Takaci. "On the distributional Stieltjes transformation." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 9, no. 2 (1986): 313–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s0161171286000388.

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BHOSALE, S. D., and S. V. MORE. "On Distributional Marchi-Zgrablich Transformation." IMA Journal of Applied Mathematics 34, no. 2 (1985): 213–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/imamat/34.2.213.

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Nikolić-Despotović, D., and S. Pilipović. "Tauberian theorem for the distributional Stieltjes transformation." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 9, no. 3 (1986): 521–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s0161171286000649.

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Rao, G. L. N., and L. Debnath. "A generalized Meijer transformation." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 8, no. 2 (1985): 359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s0161171285000370.

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In a series of papers [1-6], Kratzel studies a generalized version of the classical Meijer transformation with the Kernel function(st)νη(q,ν+1; (st)q). This transformation is referred to as GM transformation which reduces to the classical Meijer transform whenq=1. He also discussed a second generalization of the Meijer transform involving the Kernel functionλν(n)(x)which reduces to the Meijer function whenn=2and the Laplace transform whenn=1. This is called the Meijer-Laplace (or ML) transformation. This paper is concerned with a study of both GM and ML transforms in the distributional sense. Several properties of these transformations including inversion, uniqueness, and analyticity are discussed in some detail.
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Li, Wentao, Qingyun Duan, and Quan J. Wang. "Factors Influencing the Performance of Regression-Based Statistical Postprocessing Models for Short-Term Precipitation Forecasts." Weather and Forecasting 34, no. 6 (2019): 2067–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-19-0121.1.

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Abstract Statistical postprocessing models can be used to correct bias and dispersion errors in raw precipitation forecasts from numerical weather prediction models. In this study, we conducted experiments to investigate four factors that influence the performance of regression-based postprocessing models with normalization transformations for short-term precipitation forecasts. The factors are 1) normalization transformations, 2) incorporation of ensemble spread as a predictor in the model, 3) objective function for parameter inference, and 4) two postprocessing schemes, including distributional regression and joint probability models. The experiments on the first three factors are based on variants of a censored regression model with conditional heteroscedasticity (CRCH). For the fourth factor, we compared CRCH as an example of the distributional regression with a joint probability model. The results show that the CRCH with normal quantile transformation (NQT) or power transformation performs better than the CRCH with log–sinh transformation for most of the subbasins in Huai River basin with a subhumid climate. The incorporation of ensemble spread as a predictor in CRCH models can improve forecast skill in our research region at short lead times. The influence of different objective functions (minimum continuous ranked probability score or maximum likelihood) on postprocessed results is limited to a few relatively dry subbasins in the research region. Both the distributional regression and the joint probability models have their advantages, and they are both able to achieve reliable and skillful forecasts.
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Birnbaum, Michael H. "Distributional versus error-filled procedures for transformation." Perception & Psychophysics 45, no. 3 (1989): 275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03210708.

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Cruz-Báez, Domingo Israel, and José Rodríguez Expósito. "New inversion formulas for the Krätzel transformation." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 25, no. 4 (2001): 253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s0161171201003507.

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We study in distributional sense by means of the kernel method an integral transform introduced by Krätzel. It is well known that the cited transform generalizes to the Laplace and Meijer transformation. Properties of analyticity, boundedness, and inversion theorems are established for the generalized transformation.
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J. Betancor, J. "A convolution operation for a distributional Hankel transformation." Studia Mathematica 117, no. 1 (1995): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4064/sm-117-1-57-72.

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Gorty, V. R. Lakshmi. "The distributional continuous fractional generalized Hankel-Clifford transformation." Journal of Analysis 25, no. 1 (2017): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41478-017-0026-9.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Distributional transformation"

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Razafimandimby, Andrianjaka Riana Ny Aina. "Three essays on economic transformation and distributional changes in middle-income countries." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0364.

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Cette thèse explore les changements économiques et distributifs dans les pays à revenu intermédiaire. Le premier chapitre propose une analyse empirique des déterminants de la trappe à revenu intermédiaire en mettant l’accent sur les problématiques d’appariement sur le marché du travail, d’inégalités de revenu et de redistribution. Les deux chapitres restant se concentrent sur la question des classes moyennes émergentes. Le deuxième chapitre s’intéresse aux impacts macroéconomiques de l’expansion de la classe moyenne globale sur le développement à travers divers canaux dont la consommation, l’investissement, les dépenses publiques et la transformation productive. Le dernier chapitre adopte une démarche microéconomique et examine la mobilité absolue et inter-classe de la classe moyenne Turque entre 2010 et 2013. Nos résultats suggèrent que des mécanismes de reproduction sociale et de (dés) avantages cumulatifs déterminent la mobilité économique de certains ménages<br>This thesis studies distributional and economic changes in middle-income countries. After reviewing the literature on the middle-income trap, the first essay proposes a straightforward identification and empirical investigation of the differentiating patterns of productive and distributive changes inside the trap. We find evidence of misallocation issues and adverse effect of redistribution on medium-run growth. The focus of the remaining chapters is then put on the middle-class. In the second essay, we estimate the impacts of the middle-class on growth through various channels including household consumption, investment, redistribution and productive transformation. The last essay takes a micro approach by analyzing absolute and intra-class mobility of the middle-class in Turkey between 2010 and 2013. The results suggest the existence of mechanisms of social reproduction and cumulative (dis)advantages that prevent some households from climbing up the ladder
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Gaunt, Robert E. "Rates of convergence of variance-gamma approximations via Stein's method." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5ddc6def-5821-4e72-8784-cfe2dc8b6c03.

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Stein's method is a powerful technique that can be used to obtain bounds for approximation errors in a weak convergence setting. The method has been used to obtain approximation results for a number of distributions, such as the normal, Poisson and Gamma distributions. A major strength of the method is that it is often relatively straightforward to apply it to problems involving dependent random variables. In this thesis, we consider the adaptation of Stein's method to the class of Variance-Gamma distributions. We obtain a Stein equation for the Variance-Gamma distributions. Uniform bounds for the solution of the Symmetric Variance-Gamma Stein equation and its first four derivatives are given in terms of the supremum norms of derivatives of the test function. New formulas and inequalities for modified Bessel functions are obtained, which allow us to obtain these bounds. We then use local approach couplings to obtain bounds on the error in approximating two asymptotically Variance-Gamma distributed statistics by their limiting distribution. In both cases, we obtain a convergence rate of order n<sup>-1</sup> for suitably smooth test functions. The product of two normal random variables has a Variance-Gamma distribution and this leads us to consider the development of Stein's method to the product of r independent mean-zero normal random variables. An elegant Stein equation is obtained, which motivates a generalisation of the zero bias transformation. This new transformation has a number of interesting properties, which we exploit to prove some limit theorems for statistics that are asymptotically distributed as the product of two central normal distributions. The Variance-Gamma and Product Normal distributions arise as functions of the multivariate normal distribution. We end this thesis by demonstrating how the multivariate normal Stein equation can be used to prove limit theorems for statistics that are asymptotically distributed as a function of the multivariate normal distribution. We establish some sufficient conditions for convergence rates to be of order n<sup>-1</sup> for smooth test functions, and thus faster than the O(n<sup>-1/2</sup>) rate that would arise from the Berry-Esseen Theorem. We apply the multivariate normal Stein equation approach to prove Variance-Gamma and Product Normal limit theorems, and we also consider an application to Friedman's X<sup>2</sup> statistic.
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Vanetti, Paul Justin Cesare. "Auxiliary variable transformations for intractable distributions." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44340.

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Expectations over probability distributions can be approximated by Markov chain Monte Carlo methods when the density can be evaluated up to a normalizing constant. However, there exist cases where this density takes on the form of an intractable integral and therefore cannot be computed exactly. We explore a class of auxiliary variable methods which allow correct sampling from such distributions. In some cases, existing approaches which employ these methods can be inefficient, requiring long computation times. We identify causes for this inefficiency and demonstrate how this can be improved when we can develop a reasonable importance sampling estimate of the integral. We discuss applications for our methods, placing a particular focus on the Dirichlet process with a non-conjugate base distribution. We show how the auxiliary variables can be interpreted in this non-parametric context, and how we can develop proposals which provide greater computational efficiency.
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Parker, I. "Transformation in regression, estimation, testing and modelling." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384598.

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Fourati, Faïza. "Distributions de Dirichlet, mesures orbitales et transformation de Markov-Krein." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066493.

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Taheri, Zadeh Fatemeh. "Empirical Hankel transform and statistical goodness-of-fit tests for exponential distributions." München Verl. Dr. Hut, 2009. http://d-nb.info/992892317/04.

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Knaf, Joachim. "Online Filme produzieren Geschäftsmodelle im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung." Konstanz UVK-Verl.-Ges, 2009. http://d-nb.info/99915723X/04.

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Barton, Lauren Elizabeth. "Fate and Transformation of Metal-(Oxide) Nanoparticles in Wastewater Treatment." Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8661.

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<p>The study and application of materials possessing size dimensions in the nano scale range and, as a result, unique properties have led to the birth of a new field; nanotechnology. Scientists and engineers have discovered and are exploiting the novel physicochemical characteristics of nanoparticles (NPs) to enhance consumer products and technologies in ways superior to their bulk counterparts. Escalating production and use of NPs will unavoidably lead to release and exposure to environmental systems. This introduction of emerging potential contaminant NPs will provide new and interesting challenges for exposure and risk forecasting as well as environmental endurance.</p><p>The ultimate goal of this research is to develop a framework that incorporates experimental and computational efforts to assess and better understand the exposure of metal and metal-oxide NPs released to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and further implications on land application units (LAUs) where biosolids can be applied. The foundation of the computational effort is comprised of Monte Carlo mass balance models that account for the unique processes affecting NP fate and transport through the different technical compartments of a WWTP and LAU. Functional assay and bioreactor experiments in environmental media were used to determine parameters capable of describing the critical processes that impact the fate of NPs in wastewater. </p><p>The results of this research indicate that a simplified, but still environmentally relevant nano-specific exposure assessment is possible through experimentation to parameterize adapted models. Black box modeling efforts, which have been shown in previous studies, show no disadvantage relative to discretization of technical compartments as long as all key transport and fate mechanisms are considered. The distribution coefficient (_), an experimentally determined, time-dependent parameter, can be used to predict the distribution of NPs between the liquid and solid phase in WWTPs. In addition, this parameter can be utilized a step further for the estimation of the more fundamental, time independent attachment efficiency between the NPs and the solids in wastewater. The NP core, size, and surface coating will influence the value of these parameters in addition to the background particle characteristics as the parameters are specific to the environmental system of study. For the metal and metal-oxide NPs studied, preferential overall association of approximately 90% or greater with the solid phase of wastewater was observed and predicted. </p><p>Furthermore, NP transformations including dissolution, redox reactions, and adsorption can potentially impact exposure. For example, experimental results showed that nano-CeO2 is reduced from Ce(IV) to Ce(III) when in contact with wastewater bacteria where Ce2S3 will likely govern the Ce(III) phase in biosolids. From the literature, similar transformations have been observed with Ag and ZnO NPs to Ag2S and ZnS. With respect to TiO2 NPs, studies indicated that due to high insolubility, these NPs would not undergo transformation in WWTPs. The distribution and transformation rate coefficients can then be used in fate models to predict the NP species exposed to aquatic and terrestrial systems and environmentally relevant concentrations released from WWTPs. </p><p>Upon completion of the WWTP model, the predicted concentrations of NPs and NP transformation byproducts released in effluent and biosolids were attainable. A simple mass balance model for NP fate in LAUs was then developed to use this output. Results indicate that NP loading on LAUs would be very low but that build up over time to steady state could result in mass concentrations on the order of the typical level for the background metal in soil. Transport processes of plant uptake and leaching were expected to greatly impact the solid phase concentration of the NPs remaining in the LAU, while rainfall did not impart a significant influence upon variation between low and high annual amounts. The significance of this research is the introduction of a method for NP exposure assessment in WWTPs and subsequently in LAUs. This work describes and quantifies the key processes that will impact Ag, TiO2, CeO2 and ZnO NP fate and transport, which can inform future studies, the modeling community and regulatory agencies.</p><br>Dissertation
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Gordon, Carol J. (Carol Jean). "The Robustness of O'Brien's r Transformation to Non-Normality." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332002/.

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A Monte Carlo simulation technique was employed in this study to determine if the r transformation, a test of homogeneity of variance, affords adequate protection against Type I error over a range of equal sample sizes and number of groups when samples are obtained from normal and non-normal distributions. Additionally, this study sought to determine if the r transformation is more robust than Bartlett's chi-square to deviations from normality. Four populations were generated representing normal, uniform, symmetric leptokurtic, and skewed leptokurtic distributions. For each sample size (6, 12, 24, 48), number of groups (3, 4, 5, 7), and population distribution condition, the r transformation and Bartlett's chi-square were calculated. This procedure was replicated 1,000 times; the actual significance level was determined and compared to the nominal significance level of .05. On the basis of the analysis of the generated data, the following conclusions are drawn. First, the r transformation is generally robust to violations of normality when the size of the samples tested is twelve or larger. Second, in the instances where a significant difference occurred between the actual and nominal significance levels, the r transformation produced (a) conservative Type I error rates if the kurtosis of the parent population were 1.414 or less and (b) an inflated Type I error rate when the index of kurtosis was three. Third, the r transformation should not be used if sample size is smaller than twelve. Fourth, the r transformation is more robust in all instances to non-normality, but the Bartlett test is superior in controlling Type I error when samples are from a population with a normal distribution. In light of these conclusions, the r transformation may be used as a general utility test of homogeneity of variances when either the distribution of the parent population is unknown or is known to have a non-normal distribution, and the size of the equal samples is at least twelve.
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Brown, Philip Raymond. "The use of the Schwarz-Christoffel transformation in finite element mesh generation." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/34749.

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This thesis describes a new computer-based method for the generation of finite element meshes. It relies upon the Schwarz-Christoffel transformation, a conformal mapping from conplex variable theory. This mapping is defined and some examples of its use in classical fluid dynamics are given. A practical method for evaluating the parameters defining this transformation is described and emphasis is placed on the efficiency of the solution process in order that coirputer run times may be kept as short as possible. A theorem in Euclidean geometry is stated and proved which links the theory of the Schwarz-Christoffel mapping and the geometrical use to which it is put here. Two such Schwarz-Christoffel transformations are used to construct a mapping between any two polygons. The desirable properties of a finite element mesh are stated and a method is described which atteirpts to generate such a mesh in any sinply-connected two-dimensional region. Numbering of the nodes is an inherent part of the generation scheme, thus ensuring that the optimum bandwidth of the resulting system of linear equations in the analysis phase is obtained. In order to be able to present example meshes, a particular element type, the three-noded triangle, is used and a section describing the enumeration of hexagons, all of whose internal angles are 2n/3, is included. The thesis includes a brief survey of existing methods of two-dimensional mesh generation as well as several example meshes.
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Books on the topic "Distributional transformation"

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Jäntti, Markus. From marginalism to institutionalism: Distributional consequences of the transformation of the Finnish pension regime. Central Pension Security Institute, 1995.

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Oberhettinger, Fritz. Tables of Fourier transforms and Fourier transforms of distributions. Springer-Verlag, 1990.

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Distribution theory: Convolution, fourier transform, and laplace transform. De Gruyter, 2013.

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Hervé, Michel. Transformation de Fourier et distributions. Presses universitaires de France, 1986.

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Banerji, P. K. Distributional integral transforms. Scientific Publishers Journals Dept (India), 2005.

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Kolk, Johan A. C., 1947- and Braam Houckgeest, J. P. van, eds. Distributions: Theory and applications. Birkhäuser, 2010.

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Reesor, R. Mark. Risk, entropy, and the transformation of distributions. Bank of Canada, 2002.

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Pilipović, Stevan. Asymptotic behaviour and Stieltjes transformation of distributions. BSB B.G. Teubner Verlagsgesellschaft, 1990.

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Reesor, R. Mark. Risk, entropy, and the transformation of distributions. Bank of Canada, 2002.

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Zemanian, A. H. Generalized integral transformations. Dover, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Distributional transformation"

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Nikolić-Despotović, Danica, and Stevan Pilipović. "Abelian Theorem for the Distributional Stieltjes Transformation." In Generalized Functions, Convergence Structures, and Their Applications. Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1055-6_13.

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Preuss, Wolfgang, András Bleyer, and Heinrich Preuss. "Laplace-Transformation." In Distributionen und Operatoren. Springer Vienna, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-7004-5_6.

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Dobrowolski, Manfred. "Distributionen und Fourier-Transformation." In Angewandte Funktionalanalysis. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15269-6_9.

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Strauss, Walter A. "Distributionen und Transformationen." In Partielle Differentialgleichungen. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-12486-3_12.

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Olive, David J. "Multivariate Distributions and Transformations." In Statistical Theory and Inference. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04972-4_2.

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Chakraborty, Akshoy Kumar. "Radial Electron Density Distribution." In Phase Transformation of Kaolinite Clay. Springer India, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1154-9_9.

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Klein, Ingo, and Matthias Fischer. "gh-Transformation of Symmetrical Distributions." In Contributions to Modern Econometrics. Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3602-1_9.

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Gan, Li. "Income Distribution and Economic Transformation." In Research Series on the Chinese Dream and China’s Development Path. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3227-6_14.

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Amiel, Yoram, and Frank A. Cowell. "Income Transformation and Income Inequality." In Advances in Econometrics, Income Distribution and Scientific Methodology. Physica-Verlag HD, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93641-8_10.

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Nell, Edward J. "Growth, Distribution, and Inflation." In Transformational Growth and Effective Demand. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21779-3_24.

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Conference papers on the topic "Distributional transformation"

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Volpi, Riccardo, and Vittorio Murino. "Addressing Model Vulnerability to Distributional Shifts Over Image Transformation Sets." In 2019 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2019.00807.

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Gallagher, John A., and Christopher S. Lynch. "Field-Driven Phase Transformations in Relaxor Ferroelectric Single Crystals." In ASME 2013 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2013-3279.

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Relaxor ferroelectric single crystals such as PMN-PT and PIN-PMN-PT undergo field driven phase transformations when electrically or mechanically loaded in crystallographic directions that provide a positive driving force for the transformation. The observed behavior in certain compositions is a phase transformation distributed over a range of field levels without a distinct forward or reverse coercive field. This work focuses on the material behavior that is observed when the crystals are loaded sufficiently to drive a partial transformation and then unloaded as might occur when driving a transducer to achieve high power levels. A set of experiments was conducted to characterize the minor hysteresis loops that occur with the partial transformations. Distributed transformations have been modeled using a Gaussian distribution of transformation thresholds. In this work the Gaussian model is extended to include the partial transformations that occur when the field is reversed before the transformation is complete. The resulting minor hysteresis loops produced by the model are in good agreement with the experimental results.
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Choi, Kyung K., Yoojeong Noh, and Liu Du. "Reliability Based Design Optimization With Correlated Input Variables Using Copulas." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35104.

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For the performance measure approach (PMA) of RBDO, a transformation between the input random variables and the standard normal random variables is necessary to carry out the inverse reliability analysis. For reliability analysis, Rosenblatt and Nataf transformations are commonly used. In many industrial RBDO problems, the input random variables are correlated. However, often only limited information such as the marginal distribution and covariance could be practically obtained, and the input joint probability distribution function (PDF) is very difficult to obtain. Thus, in literature, most RBDO methods assume all input random variables are independent. However, in this paper, it is found that the RBDO results can be significantly different when the input variables are correlated. Thus, various transformation methods are investigated for development of a RBDO method for problems with correlated input variables. It is found that Rosenblatt transformation is impractical for problems with correlated input variables due to difficulty of constructing a joint PDF from the marginal distributions and covariance. On the other hand, Nataf transformation can construct the joint CDF using the marginal distributions and covariance, and thus applicable to problems with correlated random input variables. The joint CDF is Nataf model, which is called a Gaussian copula in the copula family. Since the Gaussian copula can describe a wide range of the correlation coefficient, Nataf transformation can be widely used for various types of correlated input variables. In this paper, Nataf transformation is used to develop a RBDO method for design problems with correlated random input variables. Numerical examples are used to demonstrate the proposed method. Also, it is shown that the correlated random input variables significantly affect the RBDO results.
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O’Meara, Nicholas, Simon D. Smith, and John A. Francis. "Calibrating Phase Transformation and Grain Growth Models and Measuring Phase Dependent Material Properties for Use in FE Simulations of Welds." In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45936.

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Computer modelling methods are being used to determine the residual stresses in nuclear reactor pressure vessel welds. It has been found that such models need to simulate the effects of solid state phase transformations. Transformations have an associated transformation strain which can significantly influence the evolution of residual stress. The predicted distribution of phases enables structural simulations to account for the distribution of mechanical properties throughout a weld. Factors such as heating or cooling rate and prior austenite grain size must be considered in order to accurately predict the distribution of phases during a transient thermal cycle since they influence transformation kinetics. In this paper, a model to predict the prior austenite grain size and its effects on phase transformation kinetics is presented and calibrated using free dilatometry data. Validation experiments are conducted using a Gleeble thermo-mechanical simulator and are modelled in a commercial FE package to assess the accuracy of a phase transformation model. Samples have been heat treated to possess specific microstructures and have been tested at different temperatures to establish the properties of the phases that can form during weld thermal cycles.
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Dennis, R. J., R. Kulka, O. Muransky, and M. C. Smith. "Influence of Phase Transformations on Residual Stresses in Welded Structures." In ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-97684.

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A key aspect of any numerical simulation to predict welding induced residual stresses is the development and application of an appropriate material model. Often significant effort is expended characterising the thermal, physical and hardening properties including complex phenomena such as high temperature annealing. Consideration of these aspects is sufficient to produce a realistic prediction for austenitic steels, however ferritic steels are susceptible to solid state phase transformations when heated to high temperatures. On cooling a reverse transformation occurs, with an associated volume change at the isothermal transformation temperature. Although numerical models exist (e.g. Leblond) to predict the evolution of the metallurgical phases, accounting for volumetric changes, it remains a matter of debate as to the magnitude of the impact of phase transformations on residual stresses. Often phase transformations are neglected entirely. In this work a simple phase transformation model is applied to a range of welded structures with the specific aim of assessing the impact, or otherwise, of phase transformations on the magnitude and distribution of predicted residual stresses. The welded structures considered account for a range of geometries from a simple ferritic beam specimen to a thick section multi-pass weld. The outcome of this work is an improved understanding of the role of phase transformation on residual stresses and an appreciation of the circumstances in which it should be considered.
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Choi, Kyung K., and Byeng D. Youn. "An Investigation of Nonlinearity of Reliability-Based Design Optimization Approaches." In ASME 2002 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2002/dac-34128.

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Deterministic optimum designs that are obtained without consideration of uncertainty could lead to unreliable designs, which call for a reliability approach to design optimization, using a Reliability-Based Design Optimization (RBDO) method. A typical RBDO process iteratively carries out a design optimization in an original random space (X-space) and reliability analysis in an independent and standard normal random space (U-space). This process requires numerous nonlinear mapping between X- and U-spaces for a various probability distributions. Therefore, the nonlinearity of RBDO problem will depend on the type of distribution of random parameters, since a transformation between X- and U-spaces introduces additional nonlinearity to reliability-based performance measures evaluated during the RBDO process. Evaluation of probabilistic constraints in RBDO can be carried out in two different ways: the Reliability Index Approach (RIA) and the Performance Measure Approach (PMA). Different reliability analysis approaches employed in RIA and PMA result in different behaviors of nonlinearity of RIA and PMA in the RBDO process. In this paper, it is shown that RIA becomes much more difficult to solve for non-normally distributed random parameters because of highly nonlinear transformations involved. However, PMA is rather independent of probability distributions because of little involvement of the nonlinear transformation.
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Manjunatha, Koushik A., Andrea Mack, Vivek Agarwal, David Koester, and Douglas Adams. "Diagnosis of Corrosion Processes in Nuclear Power Plants Secondary Piping Structures." In ASME 2020 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2020-21184.

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Abstract The current aging management plans of passive structures in nuclear power plants (NPPs) are based on preventative maintenance strategies. These strategies involve periodic, manual inspection of passive structures using nondestructive examination (NDE) techniques. This manual approach is prone to errors and contributes to high operation and maintenance costs, making it cost prohibitive. To address these concerns, a transition from the current preventive maintenance strategy to a condition-based maintenance strategy is needed. The research presented in this paper develops a condition-based maintenance capability to detect corrosion in secondary piping structures in NPPs. To achieve this, a data-driven methodology is developed and validated for detecting surrogate corrosion processes in piping structures. A scaled-down experimental test bed is developed to evaluate the corrosion process in secondary piping in NPPs. The experimental test bed is instrumented with tri-axial accelerometers. The data collected under different operating conditions is processed using the Hilbert-Huang Transformation. Distributional features of phase information among the accelerometers were used as features in support vector machine (SVM) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression methodologies to detect changes in the pipe condition from its baseline state. SVM classification accuracy averaged 99% for all models. LASSO classification accuracy averaged 99% for all models using the accelerometer data from the X-direction.
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O’Meara, Nicholas, John A. Francis, Simon D. Smith, and Philip J. Withers. "Development of Simplified Empirical Phase Transformation Model for Use in Welding Residual Stress Simulations." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-29100.

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The level and distribution of residual stresses in welds arises from the complex thermo-mechanical history of heat flow and thermal expansion at very high temperatures. It is not possible to make assessments of these with the methods that are used to determine service stresses. Simulation techniques have been developed over many years making it increasingly possible to predict residual stresses. These models need accurate materials data including, where applicable, the effect of phase transformations. In nuclear reactor pressure vessel welds, it is necessary to consider welding as a metallurgical problem as well as a thermo-mechanical one and FE simulations of these require a wide range of material data in order to create suitable input parameters. It is crucial that models of ferritic steel welds simulate the effects of phase transformations because the different phases have different thermal expansion coefficients. Partly due to differences in thermal expansion coefficient attributed to the different phases, but more significantly because of the associated transformation strain and transformation plasticity. Further to this, predicting the distribution of the phase fractions enables structural simulations to account for the distribution of mechanical properties throughout a weld. In this work, a simplified approach to producing an empirical model to simulate phase transformations in SA-508 Gr3 pressure vessel steel is presented. A commercial finite element package is used to implement the model which calculates the volume fraction of bainite, martensite and austenite and the thermal strains that evolve over the thermal excursions. The results of these FE simulations are compared to experimental data.
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Avakov, Vladimir A. "Fatigue Reliability Functions in Semilogarithmic Coordinates." In ASME 1991 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1991-0009.

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Abstract In the previous publication [2], the transformation between fatigue life and strength distribution was established using double-logarithmic coordinate system (lnN-lnS). Here, a similar transformation is established using a semi logarithmic (lnN-S) coordinate system. With the aid of the developed orthogonal relations, lognormal, Weibull and three-parameter logweibull life distributions have been transformed into normal, asymptotic type 1 of smallest value, and three-parameter Weibull strength distributions, respectively. This procedure may be applied to other types of fatigue life distribution.
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Mauris, Gilles. "Transformation of bimodal probability distributions into possibility distributions." In 2008 IEEE Iinternational Workshop on Advanced Methods for Uncertainty Estimation in Measurement (AMUEM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/amuem.2008.4589928.

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Reports on the topic "Distributional transformation"

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Kramer, Richard J. Leveraging Transformation: Surface Deployment & Distribution Command (SDDC) in Okinawa, Japan. Defense Technical Information Center, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada499145.

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Chamon, Marcos, and Michael Kremer. Economic Transformation, Population Growth and the Long-Run World Income Distribution. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w12038.

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Laney, Culbert B. Transformation and Self-Similarity Properties of Gamma and Weibull Fragment Size Distributions. Defense Technical Information Center, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada624878.

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Pepper, W. D., S. J. Zarnoch, G. L. DeBarr, P. de Groot, and C. D. Tangren. Choosing a Transformation in Analyses of Insect Counts from Contagious Distributions with Low Means. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-rp-005.

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Pepper, W. D., S. J. Zarnoch, G. L. DeBarr, P. de Groot, and C. D. Tangren. Choosing a Transformation in Analyses of Insect Counts from Contagious Distributions with Low Means. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-rp-5.

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Estache, Antonio, and Tomás Serebrisky. Updating Infrastructure Regulation for The 21st Century in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002159.

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This paper argues that, while most countries in Latin America and the Caribbean have managed to significantly improve the short-term efficiency of their infrastructure services since the widespread liberalization of the 1990s, they have been slow to ensure a fair distribution of the gains. They have also been slow in making the investments needed to ensure the prospects of future generations, including by protecting the environment for the long term. The paper places at least part of the blame on regulatory failures. It also shows how past mistakes can be corrected by the significant sectoral transformations, driven by new technologies, now underway. Digitalization is altering the economic characteristics of infrastructure services. Resulting changes in governance and financing options demand adjustments to economic regulations, including by broadening the regulatory toolkit to integrate new insights offered by developments in behavioral economics.
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Kemner, K. M., E. J. O'Loughlin, S. D. Kelly, and K. H. Nealson. An integrated approach to characterization of microbial exudates and investigation of their role in the spatial distribution and transformations of uranium at the mineral-microbe interface. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/896242.

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Transformational adaptation of key root and tuber crops in Asia: Assessing crop suitability amidst climate change by species distribution modelling. International Potato Center, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4160/9789290605300.

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