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Academic literature on the topic 'Distributions angulaires'
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Journal articles on the topic "Distributions angulaires"
Gérard, P., A. Ouabbou, J. L. Balladore, and J. P. Martinez. "Étude théorique et expérimentale des distributions angulaires et énergétiques corrélées d'électrons rétrodiffusés par des cibles d'or et de silicium dans un microscope à balayage." Journal de Physique III 7, no. 5 (May 1997): 963–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp3:1997168.
Full textTuffin, F., A. Le Nadan, and J. Peresse. "Etude de la distribution angulaire des électrons éjectés de la molécule d'azote lors de l'interaction He* (21S, 23S) + N2." Journal de Physique 46, no. 2 (1985): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphys:01985004602018100.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Distributions angulaires"
Petit, Yannick. "Nouvelles approches en optique cristalline: distributions angulaires de l'absorption et de l'émission, auto-doublage, quasi-accord de phase angulaire." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00299197.
Full textAït, el Fqih Si Mohamed. "Emissions optiques et distributions angulaires de produits de pulvérisation de solide soumis a un bombardement ionique." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112147.
Full textWhen ion beam of some keV interact with a solid target, sputtering takes place given rise to the ejection of different particles (electrons, neutral and ionic species, aggregates…). Also, ion bombardment of solid targets can lead to the electronic excitation process with may result in the emission of light from the solid. In this work, we have studied experimental sputtering from a solid target during 5 keV Kr+ bombardment. Two apparatuses were used in this study. The first set-up is “ASSO” (Analyse de Surface par Spectroscopie Optique) of SIAM team installed in Marrakech. The second apparatus is “ESSO” (Etude de Surface par Spectroscopie Optique) from STIM laboratory located at Orsay. These apparatus were well known in the literature with the acronym “BLE” (Beam induced Light Emission). This work is subdivided in three parts: 1- Study of light emission from Al, Si, V and their oxides during 5 keV Kr+ bombardment. Typical optical spectra consist of a series of sharp lines, in some cases superposed on a broad continuum. We have also examined the behaviour of the spectral lines from clean and oxygen covered sample surfaces. The variation of intensities is discussed through the electron-transfer model between surface and ejected particles. Moreover, we examined the processes of atomic de-excitation and ionic neutralisation of ejected particles to explain the behaviour of excited particles located in the vicinity of a surface. 2- etermination of the angular distribution of sputtered particles during 5 keV Kr+ bombardment of Be target at incidence angles of 0 and 70°. The uttered material is collected on a Mylar cylindrical foil surrounding the target, the foil is cut into pieces and the deposit on them is measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Experiment is combined with simulations. The method supplies accurate angular distributions of sputtered particles. The surface morphology is observed by scanning electron micrography. Depending on the incidence angle, sputtering forms craters and rippled areas or deep grooves. The resulting differences between simulations and experiment are explained qualitatively. 3- Analytical possibilities of the method ESSO on binary alloying of CuBe and CuAl with various concentrations. By this work, we think that we have contributed in a complex and wide field which is surface science. We wish to look further into this work by other experiments so as to elucidate more the origin of the excited species formation and their behaviour in the vicinity of a surface during ion beam bombardment
DULIEU, FRANCOIS. "Photodetachement d'ions negatifs d'halogenes : distributions angulaires multiphotoniques en polarisation elliptique ; microscopie au seuil dans un champ electrique uniforme." Paris 11, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA112193.
Full textJoly, Simon. "Etude des distributions angulaires d'absorption et d'autodoublage de fréquence du cristal biaxe monoclinique YCa4O(BO3)3 dopé avec des ions Nd 3+." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00486685.
Full textDella, Picca Renata. "Emisión electrónica en colisiones de fotones con blancos moleculares." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066402.
Full textGelin, Marie. "Spectroscopie $\gamma$ des noyaux riches en neutrons autour de N=20." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00193046.
Full textLes noyaux suivants ont été étudiés: $^{28}$Ne, $^{30-32}$Mg, $^{31-34}$Al, $^{33-35}$Si, $^{35}$P. De nouvelles transitions ont été observées. Les distributions angulaires de rayonnements $\gamma$ ainsi que les les corrélations angulaires $\gamma$-$\gamma$ ont pu être mesurées pour certaines transitions. Une attribution des spins et parités de certains états a ainsi été proposée. En particulier, l'assignation de l'état $3^-$ dans le $^{34}$Si est confirmée et un candidat est proposé pour le second état $0^+$, correspondant à la configuration déformée. Dans le $^{32}$Mg, l'état à 2.321 MeV, pour lequel des attributions contradictioires existent, est vraisemblablement un $4^+$, et nous proposons un candidat pour un état $6^+$.
Ferran, Ghislain. "Nouvelles méthodes numériques pour le traitement des sections efficaces nucléaires." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2014. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01077764/document.
Full textNuclear data allow to describe how a particle interacts with matter. These data are therefore at the basis of neutron transport and reactor physics calculations. Once measured and evaluated, they are given in libraries as a list of parameters. Before they can be used in neutron transport calculations, processing is required which includes taking into account several physical phenomena. This can be done by several softwares, such as NJOY, which all have the drawback to use old numerical methods derived from the same algorithms. For nuclear safety applications, it is important to rely on independent methods, to have a comparison point and to isolate the effects of the treatment on the final results. Moreover, it is important to properly master processing accuracy during its different steps. The objective of this PhD is then to develop independent numerical methods that can guarantee nuclear data processing within a given precision and to implement them practically, with the creation of the GAIA software. Our first step was the reconstruction of cross sections from the parameters given in libraries, with different approximations of the R-matrix theory. Reconstruction using the general formalism, without any approximation, has also been implemented, which has required the development of a new method to calculate the R-matrix. Tests have been performed on all existing formalisms, including the newest one. They have shown a good agreement between GAIA and NJOY. Reconstruction of angular differential cross sections directly from R-matrix parameters, using the Blatt-Biedenharn formula, has also been implemented and tested. The cross sections we have obtained at this point correspond to a target nucleus at absolute zero temperature. Because of thermal agitation, these cross sections are subject to a Doppler effect that is taken into account by integrating them with Solbrig's kernel. Our second step was then to calculate this integral. First, we have elaborated and validated a reference method that is precise but slow. Then, we have developed a new method based on Fast Fourier Transform algorithm. Comparisons with the reference method suggest that the precision of our method is better than the one achieved with NJOY, with comparable computation times. Besides, we have adapted this method to the case where target nuclei are in a condensed state (solid or liquid). For this latter case, an alternative implementation was done to obtain cross sections by integrating the S(a,b) law that characterize the chemical binding effect on collisions between neutrons and matter. Finally, a method was developed to generate an energy grid fine enough to allow a linear interpolation of cross sections between its points. At this point, we have at our disposal the minimum amount of information required to produce input files for the Monte-Carlo transport code MCNP. Such data have been translated into the correct format thanks to a module of NJOY. Calculations have been performed using our input files on several configurations, to demonstrate that our methods can actually be used to process modern evaluated files. In parallel, as part of a collaboration with Institut Laue-Langevin, we have participated in the treatment of experimental measurements of the S(a,b) law for light and heavy water. With GAIA, we have combined experimental values with values from a molecular dynamics simulation, with the objective to avoid using a molecular model in the domain where experimental values are available. This has only been a first step, but the values obtained improves the predictions of the model of ILL reactor. As a conclusion, during this PhD, new numerical methods were developed and we have shown that they can be used in practical cases
Borne, François. "Etude expérimentale de la spallation : distributions angulaires des neutrons produits par des faisceaux de protons (0.8, 1.2 et 1.6 GeV) et de deutons (0.8 et 1.6 GeV)." Bordeaux 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR10569.
Full textPortail, Claire. "Sections efficaces de réactions pour des noyaux riches en neutrons produits par un faisceau de ⁴⁸Ca à 10 A MeV sur une cible d'uranium." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS213/document.
Full textThe study of neutron-rich nuclei is one of the main challenges nowadays in experimental nuclear physics. Thanks to the future high intensity beams delivered by the linear accelerator of Spiral2, the S ³ spectrometer might allow their production using the "in-flight" method. The deep inelastic reaction mechanism might be used due to the important multi-nucleon transfer and the N/Z equilibration. Studies on this topic, started in the seventies, take advantages of the new available devices. We measured, for the first time between 0° and 35° in the laboratory frame, the reactions cross-sections d2sigma/dOmegadE for the neutron-rich nuclei formed by deep inelastic collisions between a 10 A MeV ⁴⁸Ca ¹ ⁹ ⁺ beam and a 170(+-10%) ug/cm² ² ³ ⁸U target. The experiment was performed at Ganil using the Vamos spectrometer coupled to seven Exogam to confirm the nuclei identification using their gamma signature. Moreover, a BaF2 detector was used to extract the beam intensities, essential for the absolute cross sections measurements. Momentum, angular and mass distributions of absolute differential cross-sections are presented for a wide range of quasi-projectiles. The results are compared with those of DIT (Deep Inelastic Transfers) coupled with Gemini++ theoretical calculations. The models are generally consistent with the results. Important differences appear for quasi-projectiles very close and very far from the beam. Relevant implications for S³ beam production are pointed out
Bomme, Cédric. "Dynamique des processus de photoionisation d‘atomes et molécules excités en couches profondes." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066014.
Full textIn this PhD thesis, we study dynamical processes induced by resonant excitation or direct ionization in deep K shell through experimental measurement realized on model systems, the argon atom and the carbonyl sulfide molecule, OCS. We developed a new experimental setup, CELIMENE dedicated to coincidence measurement of charged fragments created after interaction between free atoms/molecules and synchrotron radiation. On Argon ionized at the K shell, the ion recoil of Ar n+ due to Auger electrons emission is measured for each ionic state and is used to disentangle relaxation pathways and the radiative decay rate in one measurement. This measurement performed in coincidence with the photoelectron is then used to estimate the lifetime of the intermediate state. For the OCS molecule ionized at the S1s shell, we used molecular mass center recoil to determine the main relaxation pathways for each fragmentation channel and measurement of the PCI effect on the photoelectron allowed a determination of the lifetime of the intermediate states in a molecular system. The comparison of the experimental and theoretical MFPADs has been done for the first time in the tender x-ray region for the OCS molecule ionized above S1s threshold. Finally, measurements of the momentum of the O+ C+ S+ fragments combined with a Coulomb explosion simulation allowed us to carefully study the dynamics the molecular three body fragmentation