Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Distributions angulaires'
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Petit, Yannick. "Nouvelles approches en optique cristalline: distributions angulaires de l'absorption et de l'émission, auto-doublage, quasi-accord de phase angulaire." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00299197.
Full textAït, el Fqih Si Mohamed. "Emissions optiques et distributions angulaires de produits de pulvérisation de solide soumis a un bombardement ionique." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112147.
Full textWhen ion beam of some keV interact with a solid target, sputtering takes place given rise to the ejection of different particles (electrons, neutral and ionic species, aggregates…). Also, ion bombardment of solid targets can lead to the electronic excitation process with may result in the emission of light from the solid. In this work, we have studied experimental sputtering from a solid target during 5 keV Kr+ bombardment. Two apparatuses were used in this study. The first set-up is “ASSO” (Analyse de Surface par Spectroscopie Optique) of SIAM team installed in Marrakech. The second apparatus is “ESSO” (Etude de Surface par Spectroscopie Optique) from STIM laboratory located at Orsay. These apparatus were well known in the literature with the acronym “BLE” (Beam induced Light Emission). This work is subdivided in three parts: 1- Study of light emission from Al, Si, V and their oxides during 5 keV Kr+ bombardment. Typical optical spectra consist of a series of sharp lines, in some cases superposed on a broad continuum. We have also examined the behaviour of the spectral lines from clean and oxygen covered sample surfaces. The variation of intensities is discussed through the electron-transfer model between surface and ejected particles. Moreover, we examined the processes of atomic de-excitation and ionic neutralisation of ejected particles to explain the behaviour of excited particles located in the vicinity of a surface. 2- etermination of the angular distribution of sputtered particles during 5 keV Kr+ bombardment of Be target at incidence angles of 0 and 70°. The uttered material is collected on a Mylar cylindrical foil surrounding the target, the foil is cut into pieces and the deposit on them is measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Experiment is combined with simulations. The method supplies accurate angular distributions of sputtered particles. The surface morphology is observed by scanning electron micrography. Depending on the incidence angle, sputtering forms craters and rippled areas or deep grooves. The resulting differences between simulations and experiment are explained qualitatively. 3- Analytical possibilities of the method ESSO on binary alloying of CuBe and CuAl with various concentrations. By this work, we think that we have contributed in a complex and wide field which is surface science. We wish to look further into this work by other experiments so as to elucidate more the origin of the excited species formation and their behaviour in the vicinity of a surface during ion beam bombardment
DULIEU, FRANCOIS. "Photodetachement d'ions negatifs d'halogenes : distributions angulaires multiphotoniques en polarisation elliptique ; microscopie au seuil dans un champ electrique uniforme." Paris 11, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA112193.
Full textJoly, Simon. "Etude des distributions angulaires d'absorption et d'autodoublage de fréquence du cristal biaxe monoclinique YCa4O(BO3)3 dopé avec des ions Nd 3+." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00486685.
Full textDella, Picca Renata. "Emisión electrónica en colisiones de fotones con blancos moleculares." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066402.
Full textGelin, Marie. "Spectroscopie $\gamma$ des noyaux riches en neutrons autour de N=20." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00193046.
Full textLes noyaux suivants ont été étudiés: $^{28}$Ne, $^{30-32}$Mg, $^{31-34}$Al, $^{33-35}$Si, $^{35}$P. De nouvelles transitions ont été observées. Les distributions angulaires de rayonnements $\gamma$ ainsi que les les corrélations angulaires $\gamma$-$\gamma$ ont pu être mesurées pour certaines transitions. Une attribution des spins et parités de certains états a ainsi été proposée. En particulier, l'assignation de l'état $3^-$ dans le $^{34}$Si est confirmée et un candidat est proposé pour le second état $0^+$, correspondant à la configuration déformée. Dans le $^{32}$Mg, l'état à 2.321 MeV, pour lequel des attributions contradictioires existent, est vraisemblablement un $4^+$, et nous proposons un candidat pour un état $6^+$.
Ferran, Ghislain. "Nouvelles méthodes numériques pour le traitement des sections efficaces nucléaires." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2014. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01077764/document.
Full textNuclear data allow to describe how a particle interacts with matter. These data are therefore at the basis of neutron transport and reactor physics calculations. Once measured and evaluated, they are given in libraries as a list of parameters. Before they can be used in neutron transport calculations, processing is required which includes taking into account several physical phenomena. This can be done by several softwares, such as NJOY, which all have the drawback to use old numerical methods derived from the same algorithms. For nuclear safety applications, it is important to rely on independent methods, to have a comparison point and to isolate the effects of the treatment on the final results. Moreover, it is important to properly master processing accuracy during its different steps. The objective of this PhD is then to develop independent numerical methods that can guarantee nuclear data processing within a given precision and to implement them practically, with the creation of the GAIA software. Our first step was the reconstruction of cross sections from the parameters given in libraries, with different approximations of the R-matrix theory. Reconstruction using the general formalism, without any approximation, has also been implemented, which has required the development of a new method to calculate the R-matrix. Tests have been performed on all existing formalisms, including the newest one. They have shown a good agreement between GAIA and NJOY. Reconstruction of angular differential cross sections directly from R-matrix parameters, using the Blatt-Biedenharn formula, has also been implemented and tested. The cross sections we have obtained at this point correspond to a target nucleus at absolute zero temperature. Because of thermal agitation, these cross sections are subject to a Doppler effect that is taken into account by integrating them with Solbrig's kernel. Our second step was then to calculate this integral. First, we have elaborated and validated a reference method that is precise but slow. Then, we have developed a new method based on Fast Fourier Transform algorithm. Comparisons with the reference method suggest that the precision of our method is better than the one achieved with NJOY, with comparable computation times. Besides, we have adapted this method to the case where target nuclei are in a condensed state (solid or liquid). For this latter case, an alternative implementation was done to obtain cross sections by integrating the S(a,b) law that characterize the chemical binding effect on collisions between neutrons and matter. Finally, a method was developed to generate an energy grid fine enough to allow a linear interpolation of cross sections between its points. At this point, we have at our disposal the minimum amount of information required to produce input files for the Monte-Carlo transport code MCNP. Such data have been translated into the correct format thanks to a module of NJOY. Calculations have been performed using our input files on several configurations, to demonstrate that our methods can actually be used to process modern evaluated files. In parallel, as part of a collaboration with Institut Laue-Langevin, we have participated in the treatment of experimental measurements of the S(a,b) law for light and heavy water. With GAIA, we have combined experimental values with values from a molecular dynamics simulation, with the objective to avoid using a molecular model in the domain where experimental values are available. This has only been a first step, but the values obtained improves the predictions of the model of ILL reactor. As a conclusion, during this PhD, new numerical methods were developed and we have shown that they can be used in practical cases
Borne, François. "Etude expérimentale de la spallation : distributions angulaires des neutrons produits par des faisceaux de protons (0.8, 1.2 et 1.6 GeV) et de deutons (0.8 et 1.6 GeV)." Bordeaux 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR10569.
Full textPortail, Claire. "Sections efficaces de réactions pour des noyaux riches en neutrons produits par un faisceau de ⁴⁸Ca à 10 A MeV sur une cible d'uranium." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS213/document.
Full textThe study of neutron-rich nuclei is one of the main challenges nowadays in experimental nuclear physics. Thanks to the future high intensity beams delivered by the linear accelerator of Spiral2, the S ³ spectrometer might allow their production using the "in-flight" method. The deep inelastic reaction mechanism might be used due to the important multi-nucleon transfer and the N/Z equilibration. Studies on this topic, started in the seventies, take advantages of the new available devices. We measured, for the first time between 0° and 35° in the laboratory frame, the reactions cross-sections d2sigma/dOmegadE for the neutron-rich nuclei formed by deep inelastic collisions between a 10 A MeV ⁴⁸Ca ¹ ⁹ ⁺ beam and a 170(+-10%) ug/cm² ² ³ ⁸U target. The experiment was performed at Ganil using the Vamos spectrometer coupled to seven Exogam to confirm the nuclei identification using their gamma signature. Moreover, a BaF2 detector was used to extract the beam intensities, essential for the absolute cross sections measurements. Momentum, angular and mass distributions of absolute differential cross-sections are presented for a wide range of quasi-projectiles. The results are compared with those of DIT (Deep Inelastic Transfers) coupled with Gemini++ theoretical calculations. The models are generally consistent with the results. Important differences appear for quasi-projectiles very close and very far from the beam. Relevant implications for S³ beam production are pointed out
Bomme, Cédric. "Dynamique des processus de photoionisation d‘atomes et molécules excités en couches profondes." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066014.
Full textIn this PhD thesis, we study dynamical processes induced by resonant excitation or direct ionization in deep K shell through experimental measurement realized on model systems, the argon atom and the carbonyl sulfide molecule, OCS. We developed a new experimental setup, CELIMENE dedicated to coincidence measurement of charged fragments created after interaction between free atoms/molecules and synchrotron radiation. On Argon ionized at the K shell, the ion recoil of Ar n+ due to Auger electrons emission is measured for each ionic state and is used to disentangle relaxation pathways and the radiative decay rate in one measurement. This measurement performed in coincidence with the photoelectron is then used to estimate the lifetime of the intermediate state. For the OCS molecule ionized at the S1s shell, we used molecular mass center recoil to determine the main relaxation pathways for each fragmentation channel and measurement of the PCI effect on the photoelectron allowed a determination of the lifetime of the intermediate states in a molecular system. The comparison of the experimental and theoretical MFPADs has been done for the first time in the tender x-ray region for the OCS molecule ionized above S1s threshold. Finally, measurements of the momentum of the O+ C+ S+ fragments combined with a Coulomb explosion simulation allowed us to carefully study the dynamics the molecular three body fragmentation
Münchmeyer, Moritz. "Large-scale anisotropies in the high energy cosmic ray sky." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066651.
Full textSun, Changyu. "Reconstruction et description des fonctions de distribution d'orientation en imagerie de diffusion à haute résolution angulaire." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0119/document.
Full textThis thesis concerns the reconstruction and description of orientation distribution functions (ODFs) in high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) such as q-ball imaging (QBI). QBI is used to analyze more accurately fiber structures (crossing, bending, fanning, etc.) in a voxel. In this field, the ODF reconstructed from QBI is widely used for resolving complex intravoxel fiber configuration problem. However, until now, the assessment of the characteristics or quality of ODFs remains mainly visual and qualitative, although the use of a few objective quality metrics is also reported that are directly borrowed from classical signal and image processing theory. At the same time, although some metrics such as generalized anisotropy (GA) and generalized fractional anisotropy (GFA) have been proposed for classifying intravoxel fiber configurations, the classification of the latters is still a problem. On the other hand, QBI often needs an important number of acquisitions (usually more than 60 directions) to compute accurately ODFs. So, reducing the quantity of QBI data (i.e. shortening acquisition time) while maintaining ODF quality is a real challenge. In this context, we have addressed the problems of how to reconstruct high-quality ODFs and assess their characteristics. We have proposed a new paradigm allowing describing the characteristics of ODFs more quantitatively. It consists of regarding an ODF as a general three-dimensional (3D) point cloud, projecting a 3D point cloud onto an angle-distance map (ADM), constructing an angle-distance matrix (ADMAT), and calculating morphological characteristics of the ODF such as length ratio, separability and uncertainty. In particular, a new metric, called PEAM (PEAnut Metric), which is based on computing the deviation of ODFs from a single fiber ODF represented by a peanut, was proposed and used to classify intravoxel fiber configurations. Several ODF reconstruction methods have also been compared using the proposed metrics. The results showed that the characteristics of 3D point clouds can be well assessed in a relatively complete and quantitative manner. Concerning the reconstruction of high-quality ODFs with reduced data, we have proposed two methods. The first method is based on interpolation by Delaunay triangulation and imposing constraints in both q-space and spatial space. The second method combines random gradient diffusion direction sampling, compressed sensing, resampling density increasing, and missing diffusion signal recovering. The results showed that the proposed missing diffusion signal recovering approaches enable us to obtain accurate ODFs with relatively fewer number of diffusion signals
Chbihi, Abdelouahad. "Etude des collisions périphériques dans l'interaction 22Ne+93Nb à 30 MeV-nucléon." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO10087.
Full textROMAIN, PASCAL. "Etude des distributions du moment angulaire de noyaux composes formes par reactions de fusion au voisinages de la barriere coulombienne." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990STR13067.
Full textBenet, Philippe. "Etude de l'émission de neutrons et des distributions de moment angulaire du noyau ¹⁵⁶DY dans les voies de sortie 4n et 5n." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37611794x.
Full textBoulay, Florent. "Mesure dans le 19Ne des résonances d’intérêt pour l’étude des novæ par une nouvelle méthode de diffusion inélastique." Caen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CAEN2027.
Full textNova is a thermonuclear runaway occurring in binary system of stars. The observation of the gamma rays emitted after a nova is a way to better understand this phenomenon. According to the models, the γ line at 511 keV, produced in the annihilation between positrons and electrons, would be the most intense line several hours after the explosion. One of the main positron emitters would be the 18F radioactive isotope. In order to improve the predictive power of the models, it is crucial to better determine the amount of 18F produced in the nova. Yet, the 18F destruction rate 18F(p,α)15O is given with large uncertainties. Measuring the spectroscopic properties (energy, width, spin) of states in the compound nucleus 19Ne should allow us to constrain the reaction rate. In this context, an experiment based on a new inelastic scattering method (19Ne(p,p’)19Ne*) was performed at GANIL with the VAMOS spectrometer. The detection system has been adapted to detect for the first time high energy protons (p’). A good energy resolution in inverse kinematic has been reached (σ=33 keV). The angular distribution measurement of decaying particles should provide the spin assignment of the states in a model independent way. Unfortunately, an unforeseen contamination has prevented us to complete this measurement. New spectroscopic information have been extracted and contributed to reduce the uncertainty of the 18F(p,α)15O reaction rate in a significant way. The data are compatible with a new broad state below the proton threshold (6. 41 MeV). This state seems to be sufficiently broad to contribute to the destruction reaction rate of 18F and reduces the chances for satellite detection
Caumont-Prim, Chloé. "Détermination de la distribution de taille des nanoparticules de suie par analyse du spectre d'extinction et de diffusion angulaire de la lumière." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00800137.
Full textBénet, Philippe. "Etude de l'emission de neutrons et des distributions de moment angulaire du noyau compose **(156)dy dans les voies de sortie 4n et 5n." Strasbourg 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR1A003.
Full textZmerli, Moustafa. "Étude de la dynamique de photodissociation de molécules ionisées en couche interne par spectroscopie de moment." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS430.
Full textWe experimentally studied the relaxation of atomic and molecular systems following core-shell photoionization in tender X-ray regime (2-12 keV). The various processes of de-excitation have been studied by the coincidence measurements of the velocity vector of emitted electrons and ions allowing access to the vector correlations between the electrons and ions. New experimental results on argon combined with theoretical model developed by our collaborators have shown the effective existence of angular momentum transfer due to the Post-collision interaction (PCI) between the photoelectron and the Auger electron. Then, the CS2 three-body fragmentation dynamics was interpreted using a combination of geometric and kinematic observables. We have shown that it is possible to separate the different types of fragmentation in case of the mixed pathway. We also showed the presence of massive concerted pathways after the dissociation of CH3I molecule. Moreover, we have observed the formation of multiply charged ions where the total charge induced has reached +15 by single photon absorption. Finally, the comparison of experimental data with Coulomb explosion model allowed us to estimate the average displacement of the molecule during relaxation
Iconomidou-Fayard, Lydia. "Production et étude des propriétés des bosons intermédiaires : expérience UA2." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112186.
Full textWe present here some results concerning the properties of IVB’s detected by the UA2 experiment. The “electron-identification” criteria are discussed and the final samples of W’s and Z’s, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 863 nb⁻¹, are given. A particular study of longitudinal motion of bosons has been done and the momentum distribution of “parent-partons” has been evaluated. In the W’s center of mass frame, the angular distribution of the outgoing changed lepton (electron or positron) is in good agreement with the theoretical shape expected from the Standard Model and QCD corrections. The cross-sections of processes W→ev and Z→e⁺e⁻ and the masses of IVB’s are measured. The values of sin²0w and p are evaluated. A good agreement with standard model is observed
Verdeil, Christophe. "Étude de la pulvérisation et de l'émission de la matière sous bombardement Cs+." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL054N/document.
Full textThe Storing Matter technique aims at optimising the sensitivity and quantitativeness of SIMS analysis. It consists in decoupling the sputtering of the specimen from the subsequent analysis step. The specimen is sputtered by means of an ion beam. The emitted particles are deposited at a sub-monolayer level on an optimised collector. The deposit is subsequently analysed in a SIMS instrument. The ionisation probability in SIMS does not depend anymore on the initial sample composition (“Matrix effect”), but on the collector surface chemistry. The collector is chosen in order to increase the sensitivity and to quantify the specimen. The efficiency of this new technique depends on the collector choice and on the collection factor ? characterising the sputter-deposition step. In this work, the sputtering and emission processes under ionic bombardment have been studied in order to optimise this factor ?. We developed an experimental set-up and an analysis protocol based on SIMS that allows us to study the angular distribution under Cs+ bombardment with an oblique incidence for different impact parameters. Four targets (Si, Ge, InP and GaAs) were studied. The results show that the angular distribution is shaped as a cosine function cosn (?-?Max) for impact energies between 2 and 10 keV and for incidence angles from 30 to 60°. Under these conditions, the exponent n is ~2 and the preferential direction of emission ?Max varies from the normal to the surface to 35° in the specular direction in function of the impact energy and the incidence angle. The results allowed to find the best settings for the Storing Matter technique to control the sputtered matter collection in function of the bombardment parameters
Keller, Niels. "Étude angulaire du deuxième champ critique dans les supraconducteurs à fermions lourds UPt3, URu2Si2 et CeCu2Si2." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10119.
Full textDalouzy, Jean-Christophe. "Spectroscopie du 19Ne par diffusion inélastique : Applications à l'astrophysique." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00365695.
Full textHEBERT, SYLVIE. "Influence de la taille, de l'inclinaison et de la distribution angulaire des defauts colonnaires sur le piegeage des vortex dans les supraconducteurs a haute temperature critique." Caen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CAEN2023.
Full textGao, Cong-Zhang. "Ionization dynamics of atoms and molecules subject to intense laser pulses from femtoseconds to attoseconds." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30072.
Full textThe investigation of ionization dynamics of atoms and molecules illuminated with intense laser fields has attracted a great of interest in many disciplines over the decades. In this context, experiments of laser-matter interaction on the exploration of underlying mechanisms are considerably expanding with the advent of ultrashort femtosecond and attosecond laser pulses. However, the description of the laser irradiation process from a theoretical perspective is still a challenge, in particular for complex systems, such as the fullerene C60. To that end, we turn to exploit a fully fledged approach "Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory (TDDFT)" to describe electron emission induced by a broad range of laser pulses from weak to strong and from femtoseconds to attoseconds. The first part of the thesis contributes to the study of ionization dynamics of C60 irradiated by femtosecond laser pulses. Three ionization mechanisms, single-photon ionization, multi-photon ionization, and strong-field ionization, are extensively explored via photoelectron spectra (PES) and photoelectron angular distribution (PAD). Our analysis shows that for single-photon ionization, the PES basically reveal the occupied single-particle states which can be associated with the orbital depletion, and the PAD can be generalized into the anisotropy parameter which sensitively depends on the electronic states instead of the photon frequency. For multi-photon ionization, the PES are mostly generated by few uppermost orbitals, and the PAD reveal larger anisotropy with the increase of photon order. For strong-field ionization, the PES are featured by an extended plateau at high energies due to electron recollisions, and the delicate pattern on the plateau is analyzed by using a three-step model. The PAD of the high-energy electrons shows a strong alignment along the laser polarization, which is promising to generate a highly collimated electron beam. Moreover, we also discuss temperature effects from ionic motion on the PES and PAD. The second part of the work focuses on the ionization dynamics of simple atoms and molecules subject to extreme ultraviolet (XUV) attosecond pulses in the presence of an infrared (IR) field. Using similar laser parameters as experiments, we find that for He atom it leads to subcycle ionization on the attosecond time scale depending on the delay time between IR and XUV pulses, while for Ar atom this is absent. To better understand it, we make a systematic study on the effect of key laser parameters in the IR regime. Our results reveal that IR laser intensity and XUV frequency are decisive parameters. We further study resonance effects on electron emission in Na2 molecule, and we find that ionization pattern can be related to either IR laser frequency or the eigenfrequency of the system. We then extend it to the mid-IR (MIR) regime, where more complex ionization patterns are observed. Finally, we develop a schematic model accounting for electron emission in two-color laser field, and an analytical solution of ionization probability is also obtained, which well explains the main characteristics of the ionization pattern
Boutoux, Guillaume. "Sections efficaces neutroniques via la méthode de substitution." Phd thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00654677.
Full textLOPEZ, JINENEZ MARIA JOSE. "Spectroscopie gamma en ligne du 3 2mg produit par fragmentation du projectile et etude de la radioactivite du 3 6ca." Caen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CAEN2018.
Full textLabat, Marie. "Injection d'un laser à électrons libres : exemples de SPARC, UVSOR-II et perspectives pour ARC-EN-CIEL." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112173.
Full textThis work presents a general study on Free Electron Lasers (FEL) in the seeded configuration. Three examples are given : the UVSOR-II FEL (Okazaki, Japan), the SPARC FEL (Frascati, Italy) and the ARC–EN–CIEL project FEL (France). In the case of the UVSOR–II FEL, seeded with a Ti :Sa laser at 1 kHz repetition rate, several studies have been performed : electron beam dynamics, spatial coherence, spectral structure and angular distribution of the radiation, optimization in helical mode. In the case of the SPARC FEL, the injection of a harmonic source generated in rare gas (HHG) is foreseen. This original combination stands as an attractive source for users with a high temporal and spatial coherence degree together with a high intensity from UV to X rays. A dedicated harmonic source has been designed, assembled and tested for the SPARC FEL. The operation of the combined devices should start in Winter 2008, allowing fine characterization of the HHG-FEL association and further demonstration of original HGHG FELs configuration. Finally, during the simulation studies performed for the design of the ARC–EN–CIEL light sources, a new propagation regime of the FEL pulse has been observed and is still under study
Leong, Lou Sai. "Fission fragment angular distribution and fission cross section validation." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00924483.
Full textAl, Kalanee Tarek. "Étude du noyau d'9He par la réaction de transfert d(8He,p) à 15,4 MeV/nucléon." Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN2058.
Full textThe study of the light neutron-rich nuclei at the limits of stability and beyond is an area of considerable interest as it affords an extreme test of our understanding of nuclear structure. Experimentally, the recent availability of radioactive beams with significant intensities and the development of new high acceptance detection systems have permitted such systems to be explored. This thesis deals with a study of the structure of the unbound N=7 system 9He via the single-neutron transfer reaction d(8He,p)9He at the SPIRAL1 facility. The principal goal of the experiment was to clarify the low-lying level structure of 9He, in particular the possible parity inversion of the ground state. The experiment was one of the first to employ the new MUST2 Si array. Owing to the relatively low statistics in the region of threshold and various backgrounds, no definitive conclusion could be drawn regarding the character of the lowest lying state. Higher lying states were identified. Comparison is made with the angular distributions derived for each of the resonances and DWBA and CRC calculations. For each of the possible spin assignments, spectroscopic factors have been estimated
Moisan, Josiane. "Analyse et caractérisation des résidus lourds produits dans les réactions 129Xe+natSn entre 8 et 25 AMeV." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25664/25664.pdf.
Full textIsnard, Laurent. "Modélisation de l'injection de gaz sous vide poussé pour des applications en épitaxie par jets chimiques : étude des performances d’un injecteur conique." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10559.
Full textMazouz, Malek. "Exploration de la diffusion Compton profondément virtuelle sur le neutron dans le hall A du Jefferson Laboratory." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00123411.
Full textBoré, Arnaud. "Impacts des étapes de pré-traitement des données de diffusion sur la tractographie - Imagerie de diffusion." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5743.
Full textLefebvre, Laurent. "Étude de la pré-formation de particules α dans les noyaux de 40Ca et d'40Ar par cassure nucléaire." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00875639.
Full textChqondi, Soumia. "Etude théorique de petits systèmes quantiques en champ laser intenses (infrarouges et/ou hautes fréquences)." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066546/document.
Full textThe interaction between laser radiation and atomic system, can lead to various physical processes such as photoionization, multiphoton ionization, tunneling ionization, High Order Harmonic Generation ... The importance of each of these processes is in fact dependent on the intensity and frequency of the laser field. In this thesis, we describe the interaction of a laser field (Infrared and / or high frequencie) with hydrogen (arche-type of a system with one active electron). We first developed numerical methods for solving the time-dependant Schrödinger equation of time describing the hydrogen atom laser system. These methods allowed us to write a numerical code for the simulation of solutions of this equation. We then used, after the verification of the numerical convergence of our program to present the results on the single-photon photoionization on multiphoton ionization. We also concentrate on another phenomenon resulting from the ionization process, it is absorption of photons above the ionization threshold, named process ATI (above threshold ionization). Then, we will apply this numerical code to the photoionization hydrogen combining two photons, infrared (low frequency) and one of its harmonics (high frequency). Finally, a calculation of the angular distribution of the emitted electron was carried out numerically
Hérault, Joël. "Etude experimentale du ralentissement d'ions lourds de 20 a 100 mev par nucleon dans la matiere." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU30075.
Full textBANOUNI, MOSTAFA. "Effets de la topographie de surface induite par impact d'ions lourds sur la spectrometrie d'electrons secondaires resolue angulairement." Toulouse 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU30135.
Full textBERGNES, BRASEY CHANTAL. "Etude des processus directs elastique et inelastiques se produisant lors de la collision entre un ion d'helium et une cible d'hydrogene, pour une energie variant de 1,5 a 30 kev." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU30204.
Full textDEMONCHY, Charles-Edouard. "étude de réactions et d'états isobariques analogues dans le système 8He+p, à basse énergie, à l'aide de la cible active MAYA." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004117.
Full textChebboubi, Abdelaziz. "Contribution à l’étude de la fission nucléaire : de LOHENGRIN à FIPPS." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAY039/document.
Full textNuclear fission consists in splitting a nucleus, in general an actinide, into smaller nuclei. Despite nuclear fission was discovered in 1939 by Hahn and Strassman, fission models cannot predict the fission observables with an acceptable accuracy for nuclear fuel cycle studies for instance. Improvement of fission models is an important issue for the knowledge of the process itself and for the applications. To reduce uncertainties of the nuclear data used in a nuclear reactor simulation, a validation of the models hypothesis is mandatory.In this work, two features of the nuclear fission were investigated in order to test the resistance of the theories. One aspect is the study of the symmetric fission fragments through the measurement of their yield and kinetic energy distribution. The other aspect is the study of the fission fragment angular momentum.Two techniques are available to assess the angular momentum of a fission fragment. The first one is to look at the properties of the prompt $gamma$. The new spectrometer FIPPS (FIssion Product Prompt gamma-ray Spectrometer), is currently under development at the ILL and will combine a fission filter with a large array of $gamma$ and neutron detectors in order to respond to these issues. The first part of this work is dedicated to the study of the properties of a Gas Filled Magnet (GFM) which is the type of fission filter considered for the FIPPS project.The second part of this work deals with the measurement of isomeric yields and evaluations of the angular momentum distribution of fission fragments. The study of the spherical nucleus $^{132}$Sn shed the light on the current limits of fission models.Finally, the last part of this work is about the measurement of the yields and kinetic energy distributions of symmetric fission fragments. Since models predict the existence of fission modes, the symmetry region is a suitable choice to investigate this kind of prediction.In parallel with all these studies, an emphasis on the development of new methods derived from statistical tools is achieved in order to better control the uncertainties and estimate the biases
Passos, Sébastien. "Dynamique des systèmes d'entraînement par courroie synchrone intégrant des poulies à profils innovants." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI049.
Full textIn response to ever-stricter requirements for internal combustion engine efficiency, noise and reliability, car manufacturers now commonly design Timing belt drives comprising innovative pulleys with non-circular (NC) profiles. For well-chosen design parameters (profile shape, angular phasing), the use of a NC pulley can considerably improve the vibratory performances of a timing belt transmission. Nevertheless, designing efficiently a belt transmission including NC pulleys remains hard to accomplish. To achieve this, it is important to clearly understand and identify the impact of such pulleys on the dynamic behaviour of Timing belt drives. In this context, a numerical model able to simulate the angular dynamics of Timing belt drives comprising NC pulleys has been developed. The model is based on a discrete approach (0D/1D), similar to the models of transmissions with circular pulleys only. The belt is modelled as a 1D linear elastic material (wire) and the pulley are considered as rigid bodies represented by rotary inertias. Rotations of the driven pulleys are the degrees of freedom of the discrete system. The pulley rotation is actuated by the effect of the belt span tensions applied at the belt/pulley seating/unseating points. In the case of a NC pulley, these points are mobile and their motion has to be tracked rigorously. To achieve this, a novel formulation has been written by establishing a feed-in/out balance on the belt spans using a Lagrangian-Eulerian method. In parallel to the numerical developments, experimentations have been performed for analysing the impact of an oval pulley on Timing belt drive angular dynamics (4 cylinder engine). The experimental test rig has been fully developed during this thesis. It is equipped with numerous sensors that enable a complete analysis of belt transmission angular dynamics. Finally, comparative analyses have shown a quite good agreement between experiments and simulations
Ducloué, Bertrand. "Tests phénoménologiques de la chromodynamique quantique perturbative à haute énergie au LHC." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01057271.
Full textDias, Dimitri. "Dénombrement dans les empilements apolloniens généralisés et distribution angulaire dans les extensions quadratiques imaginaires." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13719.
Full textDucruet, Clarisse. "Étude de plasmas générés par laser, soumis à des champs magnétique et électrique. Utilisation possible en techniques de dépôts." Phd thesis, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003440.
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