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1

Roy, Mark A. "U.S. Loyalty Program for Certain un Employees Declared Unconstitutional." American Journal of International Law 80, no. 4 (October 1986): 984–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2202087.

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On April 8,1986, the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania held, in the case of Hinton v. Devine (Civ. No. 84-1130), that Executive Order No. 10422 of January 9, 1953, as amended, under which the International Organizations Employees Loyalty Program had been instituted, was unconstitutional in that it violated the First Amendment rights of American citizens. The district court also enjoined the United States Government “from publishing, communicating, or advising any third parties, including any international organizations, as to the loyalty of William H. Hinton or any other United States citizen.”
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2

Wilkinson, Erika. "Recent Developments in Health Law: Constitutional Law: Despite Reservations, the Second Circuit Defers to State Court's Determination That a Preponderance of the Evidence Standard is Constitutional for Recommitment of NRRMDD Defendants – Ernst J. v. Stonea." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 34, no. 4 (2006): 826–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2006.00104.x.

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The United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit recently upheld United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York Judge's denial of petitioner's application for a writ of habeas corpus. The Court held that it was not objectively unreasonable for the Appellate Division to conclude, in light of clearly established federal law as expressed by the Supreme Court of the United States, that a New York statute providing for the recommitment of specific defendants who plead not responsible by reason of mental disease or defect (NRRMDD) under a mere “preponderance of the evidence” standard does not violate either due process or the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
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3

George W. Geib. "The United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan: People, Law, and Politics by David Gardner Chardavoyne." Michigan Historical Review 39, no. 2 (2013): 110–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mhr.2013.0031.

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4

Spiro, Peter J. "Sheets v. Yamaha Motors Corp." American Journal of International Law 83, no. 3 (July 1989): 580–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2203321.

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Plaintiff Sheets sought sanctions under Rule 11 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure against defendants, the Yamaha Motor Co. Ltd. (Yamaha Japan) and its wholly owned American subsidiary, Yamaha Motors Corp., U.S.A. (Yamaha U.S.A.), for misconduct in discovery and frivolous insistence that service on the foreign parent be made in conformity with the Convention on Service Abroad of Judicial and Extrajudicial Documents in Civil or Commercial Matters, better known as the Hague Service Convention. Plaintiff had effected service under the Louisiana long-arm statute, which permitted service on the subsidiary as involuntary agent for the defendant parent company in an action arising out of business transacted or tortious conduct occurring in the state. The U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana initially awarded $25,000 in sanctions to the plaintiff. On appeal, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit remanded the decision for further findings by the district court on the grounds for imposing sanctions. The district court held (per Schwartz, J.): in light of the decision of the Supreme Court in Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft v. Schlunk, involving a state service statute virtually identical to that of Louisiana, the defendants’ failure to waive service under the Hague Convention needlessly increased the cost of litigation and was properly the subject of Rule 11 sanctions.
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Abbott, Kathryn. "The Dormant Commerce Clause and California's Low Carbon Fuel Standard." Michigan Journal of Gender & Law, no. 3.1 (2013): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.36641/mjeal.3.1.dormant.

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California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS), enacted as part of the State’s pioneering Global Warming Solutions Act (AB 32), purports to regulate the amount of carbon emissions associated with fuels consumed in the state. Part of this scheme involves assigning numeric scores to vehicle fuels reflecting the amount of carbon emissions associated with their production, transportation, and use. The scores are part of a “cap-and-trade” scheme to lower the state’s total amount of carbon emissions associated with fuel use. Out-of-state industry groups brought a challenge in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of California, alleging that the LCFS violated the “dormant Commerce Clause” of the United States Constitution. The United States District Court for the Eastern District of California agreed with the Plaintiffs, and issued a preliminary injunction. On October 16, 2013, the Ninth Circuit reversed and remanded. This Note describes the background of the dormant Commerce Clause and its application in previous environmental regulations. It then analyzes the arguments on both sides of the challenge to California’s LCFS, and suggests a course of action for California and other states going forward to comply with the Constitution in this developing area of law. Finally, this Note discusses the application of dormant Commerce Clause doctrine to the scenario of global climate change, and the relevance of global warming as a critical issue that states can be allowed to regulate, especially when the federal government has not.
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Dzikovskiy, Maksym. "Austrian judicial system of 1867." Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, no. 3 (November 10, 2020): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.3.2020.09.

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The article examines the Austrian judicial system formed on the basis of the Basic Constitutional Law of Austria on JudicialPower of December 27, 1867, requirements for individuals who wanted to become judges.The judge could be any male Austrian citizen who had a university degree in law and practical experience of at least three years,successfully passed the written and oral exams. Examination commissions were set up annually by the Minister of Justice at each higherregional court. They included law professors and skilled practitioners. Thus, the professionalism of judges was ensured.Judges were appointed for life by the emperor or relevant officials on his behalf. At the time of their appointment, they took anofficial oath and an oath to strictly abide by the constitution and laws of Austria-Hungary. All decisions were made on behalf of theemperor. Judges were recognized as free and independent in their decisions. In 1908, in Eastern Galicia, 63.8 % of judges were of Polishnationality and 31.8 % were Ukrainians. From 1870 in Eastern Galicia there was one higher legal court in Lviv and 5 district judges,and from the beginning of the XX century 10 district judges.The functions and powers of the Supreme Judicial and Cassation Tribunal in Vienna (the State Tribunal), which was the highestcourt in Austria, are highlighted. The competence of cases in which the State Tribunal made decisions as a court of first instance andthe procedure for their consideration are analyzed. The procedure of formation of the composition of the State Tribunal is covered.Along with the State Tribunal, the Administrative Tribunal was functioning in Austria, created on the basis of the law adopted bythe Austrian Parliament in 1875. The structure, powers and functions of the High Regional Courts, District Courts and County Courtsare analyzed. The peculiarities of the functioning of the Austrian judicial system in Galicia in 1867–1918 are highlighted.
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7

Hartwig, Matthias. "The German Federal Constitutional Court and the Extradition of Alledged Terrorists to the United States." German Law Journal 5, no. 3 (March 1, 2004): 185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200012396.

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In January 2003, two Yemeni citizens were arrested by German police forces at the airport of Frankfurt. The arrest took place pursuant to the request of an American judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York. The action was considered to be a blow against international terrorism and should have demonstrated the functioning of the German-American cooperation in the war against this scourge. However, due to general considerations as well as the concrete circumstances of the case, the extradition of the two persons took more time than would be expected from a smoothly running cooperation. All legal remedies were exhausted in the Yemenis’ efforts to avoid extradition to the United States, and even now, an individual complaint has been brought before the European Court on Human Rights in Strasbourg. The two Yemeni citizens were finally extradited more than ten months after their arrest in November 2003.
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8

Renfro, Ashleigh N. "All In with Jack High." Texas A&M Law Review 1, no. 3 (January 2014): 751–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/lr.v1.i3.9.

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In United States v. DiCristina, the Eastern District of New York ruled that Texas Hold ‘Em poker is game of skill, and thus, not illegal under the federal Illegal Gambling Business Act. In the decision, the court found that the statute’s text and legislative history did not indicate that Congress intended to include Texas Hold ‘Em poker amongst other illegal gambling activities. But most importantly, the Eastern District found that the analytical and psychological elements of the game allow a skilled player to perform better than another. This, the court reasoned, differentiated Texas Hold ‘Em poker from other types of illegal gambling activities. Though the Second Circuit Court of Appeals ultimately disagreed on statutory interpretation grounds, the Eastern District’s skill analysis still stands and gives credence to the longstanding argument that the game, because it allows skilled players to excel over non-skilled players, sits on its own compared to prohibited gambling activities. In effect, DiCristina laid the foundation and answered one of the last remaining questions keeping Congress from legalizing online Texas Hold ‘Em poker. This Comment will explore various legalization surges throughout America’s history of gambling that ultimately helped push forward new periods of regulation and reform. This Comment will also examine the rise and fall of internet gambling and the current federal laws keeping the once thriving industry from returning. Additionally, this Comment will look at prior conclusions of the skill-versus-chance argument before DiCristina, and the Eastern District’s approach to resolving the skill versus chance issue. Lastly, this Comment will examine recent developments surrounding online Texas Hold’ Em poker that mirror surges of prior periods of reform, and together with DiCristina, urge Congress to use these final strongholds to advance federal legislation allowing for interstate online Texas Hold ‘Em poker.
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Delaume, Georges R. "United States: District Court for the Southern District of New York Opinion in Liberian Eastern Timber Corporation (Letco) v. The Government of the Republic of Liberia." International Legal Materials 26, no. 3 (May 1987): 695–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020782900021379.

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10

K.C.L. "Parties Settle in HIV Claim under ADA." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 23, no. 3 (1995): 298–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1073110500004459.

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On October 31, 1994, it was announced that a confidential settlement had been reached in Doe v. Kohn, Nast & Graf, P.C., et al. (No. 93-4510 (E.D. Pa. filed Aug. 19, 1993), 862F. Supp. 1310 (E.D. Pa. 1994)). The settlement in ths widely publicized AIDS discrimination case came three weeks after the trial began in the District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania (“Philadelphia Lawyer Settles AIDS Discrimination Claims Against Firm,” Daily Lab. Rep. (BNA), Nov. 2, 1994, at 10).Plaintiff Doe, an associate employed at Kohn, Nast & Graf, a prominent law firm in Philadelphia, filed an AIDS discrimination case under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) against his employer claiming that the firm fired him in March 1993 because he was HIV-positive. Doe's complaint also cited claims under ERISA and other Pennsylvania employment laws.
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11

Dudzinski, David M. "Tobacco Litigation: Statistics Permitted for Proof of Causation and Damages in Class Action." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 31, no. 1 (2003): 161–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2003.tb00071.x.

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In an ongoing class action suit against large tobacco companies, including Philip Morris, Inc., and R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co., Judge Jack B. Weinstein of the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York issued an opinion on October 15, 2002 making statistical proof available to address plaintiffs’ common questions and prove required elements of consumer fraud.The dilemmas inherent in tobacco litigation as a mass tort action include overcoming the collective action problem (in particular, the relative legal sophistication, experience, resources, and superior bargaining position of tobacco manufacturers as opposed to scattered individual plaintiffs with limited resources), mobilizing appropriate and persuasive legal theories for recovery, and meeting the standards of proof, all in a timely and cost-effective manner. While some tobacco cases have proceeded on products liability theories of defective or negligent design, many recent cases are grounded in consumer fraud laws.
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12

Butler, David. "The Catholic London District in the Eighteenth Century." Recusant History 28, no. 2 (October 2006): 245–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034193200011274.

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The London of Challoner consisted only of some seven square miles, one square mile of which was, of course, the City of London. It can all be put onto some eight pages of the present A–Z map of London, which at the time of writing consists of 141 pages. John Rocques's map of London, on a scale of 200 feet to the inch, which he began in 1738 and finished in 1747, in its London Topographical Society format of 1982, perfectly illustrates the London of both Challoner and Defoe. The western extremities were at Marylebone, Knightsbridge and Chelsea, the eastern at Stepney, Limehouse and Deptford, the northern at Tottenham Court and Bethnal Green, while the southern limits were at Kennington and Walworth Common. The population of London was assessed by Wrigley in 1990 as c. 575,000 in 1700, as c. 675,000 in 1750 and as c. 959,000 in 1801. The 1767 papist returns indicated that most London Catholics lived in the parishes of St James and St Giles, within Westminster. Schwarz has pointed out the considerable social segregation in London, middle-class areas being in the west and central parts, with the poorer areas in the south and east. The St Giles area around Seven Dials going east to Bow Street and Drury Lane is reputed to have contained a third of the capital's beggars and to have been a notoriously criminal quarter. The Catholic numbers in Westminster were 7,724, the City numbers 1,492, with the Middlesex out-parishes having more than 2,000. The 1767 total for London, including the parishes to the south and east, comes to 12,320, clearly too low, as is the accumulated total for the London District of around 15,800. This gives about 3,500 for the London District outside the capital while Challoner's own figures give us a Catholic population of 5,261. If the errors in enumeration were the same in both areas (a large assumption), this enables us to guess that the 1767 figures could be corrected to about 18,500 London Catholics and about 24,000 for the whole District.
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13

De, Rohit. "‘Commodities must be controlled’: economic crimes and market discipline in India (1939–1955)." International Journal of Law in Context 10, no. 3 (September 2014): 277–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744552314000123.

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It was a hot afternoon on 10 April 1950, in the town of Chapra in the eastern Indian province of Bihar. As most people had retired indoors to avoid the heat, the women's clothing store run by Kedar Nath had suddenly become a hive of activity. Hismunib(accountant) had gone home early on receiving news of the sudden illness of his son, and his shop had been visited by the local Magistrate and the Deputy Superintendent of Police, the leading figures in the district administration. The Magistrate, Mr S. K Ghatak, ordered Kedar Nath to open up his stores and make his registers available, and in this process discovered that Nath had twenty-five more saris than were accounted for in the stock register. Kedar Nath's relation protested that the saris had been bought that very morning, and that his munib's unexpected absence had resulted in the stocks not being updated immediately. The district officials were not convinced and Kedar Nath was arrested for not having proper accounts of the clothes in his stock. The district court convicted Kedar Nath for violating the terms of Bihar Cotton, Cloth and Yarn (Control Order) 1948, and the Essential Supplies (Temporary Powers) Act 1946 (ESA), and sentenced him to a fine and a month of rigorous imprisonment.
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14

Sosnov, Maya, and Leslie Kramer. "Reenvisioning Success." Federal Sentencing Reporter 34, no. 5 (June 1, 2022): 310–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fsr.2022.34.5.310.

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The Supervision to Aid Reentry Program (“STAR”) established by the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania in 2007 has helped hundreds of people reenter society following their release from prison. Evaluations of the program demonstrate that STAR is successful under a traditional measure of success—recidivism—because it significantly reduces the likelihood of probation revocation for participants and the likelihood of rearrest and probation revocation for graduates. Recidivism rates alone, however, fail to accurately measure and, in fact, obscure some of STAR’s true successes. They fail to assess whether participants have progressed toward ceasing criminal conduct, a process known as desistance, and whether participants’ quality of life has improved. Although less quantifiable, it is important to examine whether STAR is a success based on these more holistic measures. Our analysis of STAR includes voices of participants and indicates that STAR advances desistance and improves quality of life by helping participants to strengthen their relationships with family and pro-social institutions, undergo cognitive transformation, and pursue opportunities for financial and educational advancement. STAR’s success demonstrates that reentry courts remain an integral tool in helping returning citizens reintegrate into society.
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15

Laura B. Bartell. "Adversity & Justice: A History of the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Michigan by Kevin M. Ball." Michigan Historical Review 42, no. 2 (2016): 100–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mhr.2016.0024.

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16

Berk, Gerald. "Constituting Corporations and Markets: Railroads in Gilded Age Politics." Studies in American Political Development 4 (1990): 130–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x00000912.

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In 1884, a committee of dissenting bondholders for the Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific Railway entered a federal district court in Illinois to complain that St. Louis Federal Judge David Brewer had, at the request of the notorious robber baron, Jay Gould, thrown the road into receivership prior to default. Judge Walter Gresham (whom the Populists would try to recruit for their 1892 presidential candidate) listened sympathetically and put the eastern division of the road into a separate receivership. For the time being, a key link, in Gould's national system was broken in two. Soon, however, the courts and bondholders capitulated, and Gould succeeded, at the expense of the sanctity of property and contract, in revolutionizing the corporate doctrine of receiverships to assimilate huge national systems.
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17

Oszytko, Janusz. "Wpływ adeptów przedwojennej lwowskiej edukacji prawniczej na orzekanie Wojskowego Sądu Rejonowego w Opolu w latach 1950–1954 na przykładzie pierwszego szefa WSR w Opolu mjr. Edwarda Kotkowskiego i sprawy szewca Bolibrzucha z Moszczanki." Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne 15, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 201–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/osap.1281.

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The influence of students of pre-war Lviv legal education on adjudicating by the Provincial District Court in Opole in the years 1950–1954 offers, in the author’s opinion, an important research issue. Especially in a case such as the one mentioned in title of the article, when the accused was a pre-war Polish citizen, a resident of the eastern borderlands of the Second Republic. It seems that the case is very instructive. It shows a pre-war graduate in law from the University of Lviv, who gradually passes onto the side of the communistic state and a simple man who knows the truth about the Soviet Union. Others are also described as officers of the security organs, mostly inept, but still exerting a tremendous pressure on society to consolidate communists’ power in postwar Poland. A railwayman of the Borderlands can be a summary of the summary – you should stick to the truth and not give in to strong pressure of the evil.
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Kattel, Shambhu Prasad. "Debate of Ethnic Identity in Nepali Politics: An Examination of the debate from the Kisan Community of Eastern Nepal." Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology 7 (May 17, 2014): 157–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dsaj.v7i0.10441.

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The Kisan is an ethnic group of Nepal lived in Jhapa district only. It is a Tarai origin group with 773 populations which is traditionally organized under its own political organization, the Mahato system. The Mahato is a hereditary community head which is supported by Wokil (minister) and Sipahi (Police). These traditional authorities run a well functional community court which maintains peace and harmony in the community and works for the preservation of cultural practices. Along with the establishment of multiparty democracy, the community is exposed to external situations: political parties and economic organizations, advocacy groups, donor agencies and so on. A few literate Kisans seeking employment opportunities interfaced with the advocates of National Federations of Indigenous Nationalities and Action Aid Nepal after multiparty democracy. As a result, they had motivated and established a non-governmental organization for ethnic welfare. After establishment of the Kisan Community Development Academy (club in the Kisan language), the community is formally divided into two groups: the illiterate Kisans involved in community court under their traditional authorities and the literate Kisans involved in the newly established club. The club ran literacy and sanitation programs and constructed toilets and water taps. Mainly, it was involved in socio-cultural change and identity politics by the support of the above mentioned organizations. On the contrary, the traditional authorities involve in the preservation of community culture and maintain peace and harmony. The literate Kisans involved in identity politics are motivated for salaried jobs, not for cultural preservation for Kisan identity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dsaj.v7i0.10441 Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol. 7, 2013; 157-172
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Pollak, Cheryl L. ""Hurricane" Sandy." Texas A&M Journal of Property Law 5, no. 2 (December 2018): 157–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/jpl.v5.i2.3.

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On the evening of October 29, 2012, “Hurricane” Sandy made land- fall on the New York coastline, battering the land with strong winds, torrential rain, and record-breaking storm surges. Homes and commercial structures were destroyed; roads and tunnels were flooded; and more than 23,000 people sought refuge in temporary shelters, with many others facing weeks without power and electricity. At the time, Sandy was heralded as one of the costliest hurricanes in the his- tory of the United States; the second costliest hurricane only to Katrina, which hit New Orleans in 2005. Unfortunately, recent experience with Hurricanes Florence, Maria, Harvey, and Irma suggest that this pattern of devastating superstorms may become the new norm as climate change produces more extreme and unpredictable weather events. In Sandy’s aftermath, as individuals returned to their homes, or what remained of them, and communities began to rebuild, the true cost of the storm became apparent. A year after the storm, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (“FEMA”) estimated that over $1.4 billion in assistance was provided to 182,000 survivors of the dis- aster; another $3.2 billion was provided to state and local governments for debris removal, infrastructure repair, and emergency protective measures. More than $2.4 billion was provided to individuals and businesses in the form of low-interest loans through the Small Business Administration (“SBA”), and millions more were spent on grants de- signed to implement mitigation measures in the future and to provide unemployment assistance to survivors. Before the storm, homeowners paid premiums for flood insurance provided through the National Flood Insurance Program (“NFIP”), and for homeowner’s insurance provided by dozens of private insurers. In the months following the storm, they began to file claims for assistance in rebuilding their homes. While many such claims were re- solved successfully, many homeowners were unhappy with the settlement amounts offered by their insurance carriers and felt compelled to file lawsuits in the surrounding state and federal courts. Many of those lawsuits were filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York (“EDNY”). This case study describes the EDNY’s specifically crafted, unique approach to handling the mass litigation that ensued from Sandy’s devastation, documents some of the problems that the Court faced during that mass litigation, and describes some of the lessons learned from the Court’s experience.
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Hackney, Donald D., Matthew Q. McPherson, Daniel Friesner, and Candice Correia. "On the Social Costs of Bankruptcy." International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 5, no. 1 (January 2014): 58–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsesd.2014010106.

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The goal of BAPCPA is to shift bankruptcy filers from Chapter 7 to Chapter 13. The basis for this goal is the assumption that Chapter 7 filers repay much less of their debt than do Chapter 13 filers. Therefore, shifting debtors from Chapter 7 to Chapter 13 will increase debt repayment and lessen the amount of bankruptcy costs shifted to society as a whole. In order for this reasoning to be valid, it is necessary to substantiate the claim that Chapter 13 actually leads to substantial debt repayment. This paper examines the validity of this assumption using a random sample of filers from the Eastern Washington U.S. Federal Bankruptcy Court District in 2003 and 2005. The authors find that filers do, indeed, repay a substantial portion of their debts. This suggests that Chapter 13 is effective in generating debt repayment. However, Chapter 13 repayments also create major administrative costs, and frequently provide little benefit to general unsecured creditors. Moreover, the effectiveness of Chapter 13 bankruptcies is substantially reduced (by nearly a 2.5 to 1 ratio) if debtors do not successfully complete the repayment plans. As such, BAPCPA appears to miss an opportunity to further reduce the social costs of bankruptcy.
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Kudiya, Komarudin, and Miranda Risang Ayu. "Data Identification of Cirebon Batik West Java Source of Strength Geographical Indication." Kosmik Hukum 20, no. 2 (August 22, 2020): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/kosmikhukum.v20i2.6954.

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In the history of batik in Indonesia, We used to know that batik is identified with Javanese culture. In addition, the use of batik cloth is limited to the royal court with a variety of very strict rules. But in its development, batik is no longer owned by Javanese, batik has now become one of the "national clothes" of Indonesia that is used by Indonesians throughout the archipelago on various occasions. In West Java batik has grown and developed in 27 regencies/cities spread from the eastern part of the Cirebon district to the western of West Java, Depok. There are potential characteristics and excellences from each region in West Java that people could not find in other regions. The uniqueness and characteristics of batik in certain area are part of the protection system of geographical indications that identify an area of the country, as the origin region of the product, where the reputation, quality and characteristics of related products are largely determined by geographical factors in the region. The need for a complete and accurate identification in the protection of Geographical Indications is very important considering batik products in West Java have enormous potential that can be protected as part of Geographical Indications (IG) which can be used as marketing tools in the world of commerce, both at the national and international level.Keywords: Cirebon Batik, Geographical Indication, Identification
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22

Musanov, A. G., and M. A. Matsuk. "Names of micro-objects of the Middle Vychegda in the official documents of the XVII century." Bulletin of Ugric studies 11, no. 1 (2021): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.30624/2220-4156-2021-11-1-82-89.

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Introduction: the article considers the names of micro-objects of the Middle Vychegda River basin, recorded in court documents of the XVII century. Official papers serve as material data bearers. They contain data on the life activity of a concrete society, people in a particular historical stage. The micro-names recorded in the texts are part of the lexical system of the Komi language of that period. They are formed according to the basic laws of the language and operate in accordance with historical rules and traditions. Their study is relevant, first of all, in differentiation of the dialect boundaries and, therefore, ethnic groups in the past. Objective: differentiation of micro-names, their linguistic, semantic and phonetic verification. Research materials: the empirical bases of the study are three court cases of the middle of the XVII century relating to the Middle-Eastern Vychegda Komi people. Results and novelty of the research: for the first time, the original lexemes extracted from written sources, reflecting the regional toponymy of the XVII century, are differentiated; a multi-aspect characterization of the lexical materials selected for analysis is carried out; new lexical data, that were previously not recorded in the local toponymical literature due to the functional specificity of micro-toponymical names, are introduced into scientific circulation; author’s etymological verifications are proposed, taking into account linguistic phenomena and regularities of different levels. The uniqueness of the collected material is a consequence of the border location: in the north, the region is adjacent to the territories of distribution of the Udora and Vym dialects of the Komi language; in the west – to the Northern Russian dialects of the Lensky District of the Arkhangelsk Oblast; in the southeast – to the Syktyvkar dialect of the Komi language. The results of the analysis show that the main feature of the adaptations should be considered the influence of the phonetics of the Northern Russian dialects. The letters that are not typical for the Russian language are transmitted by Russian sounds and combinations of sounds that are close to them in terms of articulation. But at the same time, the Komi phonetic system is characterized by a number of features that are reflected in Russian orthoepy and orthography. The research data can be used as a source of comparative data in the onomastic study of adjacent territories, as a base for creation of explanatory, etymological, and spelling dictionaries.
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Pejanović, Mirko. "Cjelovito istraživanje uloge Pašage Mandžića u tuzlanskom procesu / Comprehensive Research of Pašaga Mandžić's Role in the Tuzla Process." Pregled: časopis za društvena pitanja / Periodical for social issues 63, no. 1 (June 6, 2022): 119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.48052/19865244.2022.1.119.

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The book “Tuzla Processes: 1970s,“ by Prof. Dr. Kadrija Hodžić, professor at the Faculty of Economics, University of Tuzla, presents a comprehensive study of the course of political events related to the role of Pašaga Mandžić in the development of Tuzla and the Tuzla region. It is important to keep in mind that Pašaga Mandžić belongs to the leading communist cadres who organized an uprising against the fascist occupation of the country in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1941. As a prominent anti-fascist fighter, Pašaga Mandžić will become the commissioner of the First Partisan Strike Battalion, formed in Srednje near Sarajevo, in March 1942. Together with Avdo Humo, Rodoljub Čolaković and Đuro Pucar - Stari, he participated in the preparations for the First, Second and Third Sessions of ZAVNOBIH. At the Third ZAVNOBIH Session in 1945 in Sarajevo, Pašaga Mandžić was elected a member of the first People's Government of Federal Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the post Second World War period, Pašaga Mandžić performed numerous duties, from the president of the Tuzla District to other duties in the republican bodies of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the early 1970s, at the invitation of the leadership of the League of Communists of the Municipality of Tuzla, Pašaga Mandžić, as a pensioner, came to Tuzla and with his experience contributed to the economic development of his hometown. After the dismissal of Sead Babović, Secretary of the Municipal Committee of SK Tuzla, Pašaga Mandžić with his views on the development of Tuzla's economy comes into dispute and conflict with the current political leadership of Tuzla. The actual showdown between the leadership of the League of Communists of Tuzla and Pašaga Mandžić took place at the Eighth Session of the OKSK Tuzla in 1971. However, that conflict did not have the character of a political affair. Pašaga Mandžić’s deeper conflict with the League of Communists of Bosnia and Herzegovina arose on 26 June 1973, at an extended session of the Central Committee Secretariat, Communist Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina, when Pašaga Mandžić individually raised the question of organizing and leading the uprising in Eastern Bosnia. Pašaga Mandžić 's position was assessed as a form of nationalism dangerous for treating the character of the uprising and the national liberation struggle in Bosnia and Herzegovina. At that time, it was not only the ideological critique of Pašaga Mandžić. Accusations followed against Pašaga Mandžić and a group of people who worked more closely with him in Tuzla than the Central Committee and the State Security Service. The brutal procedure of the State Security Service against the members of the Tuzla group was carried out, and then the court process in Tuzla. There is also a belief that Pašaga Mandžić was protected from prosecution by Josip Broz Tito on the Đuro Pucar’s intercession. Author Prof. Dr. Kadrija Hodžić conducts many years of research on Tuzla processes on an interdisciplinary basis. The results of the research shed light on everything that took place in the Tuzla processes of the 1970s. The whole result of the research enables a new social evaluation of the role of Pašaga Mandžić in the national liberation struggle and socio-economic development of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the hometown of Tuzla after the Second World War. In the coming decades, a reliable critical evaluation of the contribution of the research of Prof. Dr. Kadrija Hodžić establishes complete historical truths about a revolutionary figure such as Pašaga Mandžić.
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24

Arnaut Haseljić, Meldijana. "The Dayton peace agreement – The end of greater state claims?" Historijski pogledi 4, no. 6 (November 15, 2021): 135–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.52259/historijskipogledi.2021.4.6.135.

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The General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Dayton Peace Agreement) accepted in Paris on December 14, 1995 was signed by: for the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina Alija Izetbegović, for the Republic of Croatia dr. Franjo Tudjman and Slobodan Milosevic for the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. There are good reasons why the international community has demanded that these people be signatories to the Dayton Peace Agreement. Namely, after unsuccessful attempts to establish an agreement on constitutional solutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina, starting with Cutileiro's plan (cantonization of Bosnia and Herzegovina on ethnic grounds), on which talks in Sarajevo began in February 1992, until the conference in London on 26 and On August 27, 1992, it was obvious that the positions of the Serb and Croat sides in Bosnia and Herzegovina were being harmonized with the positions of Belgrade and Zagreb, that is, the policies previously agreed and agreed upon on the Milosevic-Tudjman route. Three delegations participated in the conference in London. On behalf of the Bosnia and Herzegovina Government were President Alija Izetbegović, Minister of Foreign Affairs Haris Silajdžić, Ejup Ganić and General Sefer Halilović. The Bosnian Serb delegation included Radovan Karadzic, RS President Momcilo Krajisnik, RS Vice President and VRS General Ratko Mladic, who were in direct consultations with Belgrade throughout the negotiations. Representatives of Bosnian Croats were the President of HZ HB Mate Boban, then the Prime Minister of Republic Bosnia and Herzegovina, Mile Akmadžić (although he was a member of the Government of Republic Bosnia and Herzegovina, he participated as a member of the Croatian delegation) and General Milivoj Petković. Croatian President Franjo Tudjman also took part in the negotiations and was the unofficial but de facto head of the Croatian delegation. Following the London Conference and the failure of the previous negotiations, the European Community Conference on Yugoslavia was expanded to include the International Conference on the Former Yugoslavia, chaired by Cyrus Vance (US diplomat on behalf of the UN) and Lord David Owen (on behalf of the EC / U). a new era of peace negotiations. Vance-Owen's plan foresaw the decentralization of Bosnia and Herzegovina within the existing borders with a constitutional order based on federal principles contained in a number of constitutive elements - regions (ten cantons formed on ethnic principles) and with the Sarajevo district where the central government would be located. This plan, after the refusal of the Serbian Assembly from Pale to ratify it, was definitely rejected. This was followed by the Owen-Stoltenberg Peace Plan (Constitutional Agreement on the Alliance of the Republics of Bosnia and Herzegovina) which offered a confederation of Bosnia and Herzegovina composed of three republics made up of ethnicity, but this plan also proved unacceptable. The Contact Group's plan followed the establishment of the Washington Agreement, which established the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, in March 1994. This plan provided for the preservation of Bosnia and Herzegovina as a union within its internationally recognized borders, and territorial division according to the percentage of territory (51:49). The Serbian leadership in Pale also refused to accept this proposal. The international community had to look for new solutions. The Contact Group's plan was a step towards negotiations that will result in the signing of the Dayton Peace Agreement. However, it is important to note that all the plans offered led to the discovery of hidden policies created by the eastern and western neighbors of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Also, all the proposed proposals for "peace plans", which the international community tried to impose in the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, were based on constitutional devastation and territorial division, thus accepting armed conquests and occupation of the area with the ultimate goal of destroying its territorial integrity and statehood. sovereignty, which made it obvious that the international community was not ready to protect the sovereignty of an internationally recognized state guaranteed by international law, which was especially denied by the introduction of an arms embargo, which prevented it from protecting its own sovereignty and territorial integrity. What was the role of the signatories of the Dayton Agreement in the preparation and execution of bilateral aggression against the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina with the aim of implementing plans for the partition of Bosnia and the realization of large-scale projects, and whether it determined their position as signatories to the General Framework Agreement? and the topic of trials of international courts with the aim of establishing, proving and convicting committed crimes. What is the significance of the signatories in the establishment and preservation of peace, and whether large-scale projects and plans for their implementation ended with the signing of the Dayton Agreement are questions whose answers are still being sought 25 years after the signing of the agreement. Namely, Slobodan Milosevic, the then president of the Federal Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro), before the signing of the Dayton Agreement, appeared before the ICTY as an indictee for crimes committed in the Republics of the former Yugoslavia - Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Kosovo. The trial was not terminated due to the death of the accused, but the Trial Chamber rendered a decision on the motion for acquittal (Interim Judgment of the Hague Tribunal of 16 June 2004), which established his responsibility for genocide committed in the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Franjo Tudjman, the then President of the Republic of Croatia, was identified as a participant in a joint criminal enterprise in a verdict handed down for crimes committed by the Croatian Army (HV) and the Croatian Defense Council (HVO) against the civilian population of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Case IT-04-74 Prlić etc). In its appeal verdict against the Bosnian six, the ICTY Appeals Chamber found that there was an international armed conflict in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the state of occupation, but also confirmed the existence of a Croatian joint criminal enterprise aimed at "ethnic cleansing" certain areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Croatia's Franjo Tudjman as one of the participants in this JCE. Thus, persons who found themselves in court proceedings and were held responsible for the consequences of the policies they implemented, the commission of crimes and joint criminal enterprises realized in the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, became signatories of the Dayton Peace Agreement and guarantors of peace.
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25

"U.S. District Court, Eastern District of California: Artichoke Joe's v. Gale A. Norton et al." Gaming Law Review 6, no. 6 (December 2002): 533–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/10921880260441789.

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26

"United States District Court Eastern District of New York: Rein v. Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamarhiya, et al." International Legal Materials 37, no. 3 (May 1998): 644–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020782900016028.

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27

Vanneman, Julie. "Notes Procedural Fencing in Retiree Benefits Disputes: Applications of the First-Filed Rule in Federal Courts." University of Pittsburgh Law Review 69, no. 1 (April 26, 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/lawreview.2007.119.

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Basil Chapman retired from ACF Industries, a railroad-car maker, after thirty-eight years of service. In December 2003, he received an unexpected phone call at his West Virginia home from a union representative, who informed him that an ACF executive wanted to speak with him. When they spoke, the executive informed Mr. Chapman that ACF was planning on changing its retirees’ health coverage plan. The ACF plan would now have a lifetime maximum benefit cap on hospital and surgical expenses for each participant and would require retirees to make monthly contributions. According to court papers filed later, Mr. Chapman responded, “We have a contract. You can’t do that.” Then, he said that he would “file in federal court” against ACF. The next business day, ACF filed a declaratory judgment action in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri asking the court to rule that retiree benefits were not vested and that ACF accordingly could alter benefits unilaterally. On January 26, 2004, Mr. Chapman, other named plaintiffs, and their union sued ACF in the United States District Court for the Southern District of West Virginia.
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28

"Halsey v. Casino Once CorporationCase No. 4:12CV1602 CDP, 2012 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 175641 (United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri, Eastern Division, December 12, 2012)." Gaming Law Review and Economics 17, no. 2 (March 2013): 164–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/glre.2013.17213.

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29

Chen, Ping-Hsun. "Joinder of Unrelated Infringers As Defendants in Patent Litigation Under the Jurisprudence of the United States District Court for Eastern District of Texas A Critical Review." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2796149.

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30

"United States Court of Appeals, Decision No. 06-40713, 7. January 2008. Appeal from the US District Court for the Eastern District of Texas. Gulf Petro, Plaintiffs-Appellants v. Nigerian National Petroleum COrporation." ASA Bulletin 26, Issue 1 (March 1, 2008): 167–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/asab2008017.

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31

"Missouri Court of Appeals, Eastern District: Stuart Ziglin v. Players MH, L.P., d/b/a Player’s Island Casino." Gaming Law Review 5, no. 6 (December 2001): 615–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/109218801753336238.

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32

"Margo Phillips v. Double Down Interactive LLCDocket No. 15 C 04301; 2016 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 39189 (United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division, March 25, 2016)." Gaming Law Review and Economics 20, no. 6 (August 2016): 545–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/glre.2016.20612.

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33

"Jamul Action Committee et al. v. Tracie Stevens et al.Case No. 2:13-cv-01920-KJM-KJN; 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 107582 (United States District Court for the Eastern District of California, August 5, 2014)." Gaming Law Review and Economics 20, no. 3 (April 2016): 276–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/glre.2016.20314.

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34

"Shuffle Tech International, LLC et al. v. Scientific Games Corporation et al.Case No. 15 C 3702; 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 138741 (United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division, October 12, 2015)." Gaming Law Review and Economics 20, no. 2 (March 2016): 199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/glre.2016.20211.

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35

"Phellinus igniarius. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 1) (August 1, 2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20066500930.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phellinus igniarius (L.) Quel Fungi: Basidiomycota: Hymenochaetales Hosts: Many hardwood tree species including those in the genera Acer, Alnus, Betula, Carpinus, Corylus, Juglans, Malus, Prunus, Salix and Sorbus. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Madeira, Mainland Portugal, Romania, Central Russia Russia, Eastern, Russian Far East, Northern Russia, Southern Russia, Western Siberia, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Canary Islands, Mainland Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, Ukraine, ASIA, China, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Xinjiang, Japan, Kazakhstan, Turkey, Uzbekistan, AFRICA, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Libya, Madagascar, Zambia, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Yukon, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Nicaragua, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Venezuela, OCEANIA, Australia, Queensland, Papua New Guinea.
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36

"UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff,v. GAL YIFRACH, NICK SHKOLNIK, aka Nickita Shkolnik, SHALOM IFRAH, and SCHNEUR ZALMAN GETZEL ROSENFELD, Defendants. U.S. District Court Eastern District of California Case No. 2:22-cr-00046-TLN INDICTMENTFiled March 3, 2022." Gaming Law Review 26, no. 3 (April 1, 2022): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/glr2.2022.0013.

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37

"United States: District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (Eastern Division) - Amicus Curiae Brief of the United States in Alcan Aluminum Limited V. Franchise Tax Board of California and Imperial Chemical Industries v. Franchise Tax Board of California." International Legal Materials 25, no. 3 (May 1986): 683–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020782900059210.

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38

"Citizens for a Better Way, et al v. United States Department of the Interior 118Case No. 2:12-cv-3021-TLN-AC; 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 128745 (United States District Court for the Eastern District of California, September 23, 2015)." Gaming Law Review and Economics 20, no. 1 (February 2016): 118–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/glre.2016.20114.

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39

"Artem Genchanok, Individually and on Behalf of all Others Similarly Situated vs. FanDuel, Inc. and DraftKings, Inc.Case No. 15-5127 Section: "S" (4); 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 160802 (U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana, December 1, 2015)." Gaming Law Review and Economics 20, no. 4 (May 2016): 349–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/glre.2016.20415.

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40

Yanev, Lachezar. "Jurisdiction and Combatant’s Privilege in the MH17 Trial: Treading the Line Between Domestic and International Criminal Justice." Netherlands International Law Review, August 19, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40802-021-00193-8.

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AbstractThis article focuses on the MH17 Trial that is currently underway in the Netherlands, dealing with the shooting down of a civilian aircraft over Eastern Ukraine and the resulting deaths of all 298 persons on board. Two legal questions arising from the prosecutorial strategy to charge the four accused with ‘ordinary’ crimes under the Dutch Criminal Code—instead of with war crimes—are studied here. First, the jurisdictional basis on which the District Court of The Hague is trying MH17, and its effect on the applicable laws, is examined. It is argued that, contrary to what the Prosecution has submitted, jurisdiction over the killing of the 93 non-Dutch nationals on board of flight MH17 can only be established on the basis of the less known title of delegated (representative) jurisdiction: a conclusion that also brings certain legal requirements. Second, this paper analyzes the way the MH17 Prosecutor defined the notion of ‘combatant’s privilege’ under international humanitarian law and his arguments for rejecting a combatant status for the separatist armed forces that shot down flight MH17 over Eastern Ukraine. All this analysis is then used to explain why it was indeed more sensible for the Prosecution to charge the four accused with murder and intentionally causing an aircraft to crash under Dutch criminal law, than with war crimes under international law.
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41

"United States District Court Southern District Of New York In the Matter of the Application of Liberian Eastern Timber Corporation, Arbitration Award Creditor For Enforcement of an Arbitration Award against The Government of the Republic Of Liberia, Arbitration Award Debtor Order and Judgment." ICSID Review 2, no. 1 (March 1, 1987): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icsidreview/2.1.187.

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42

"In the Matter of the Application of Liberian Eastern Timber Corporation Arbitration Award Creditor, Plaintiff v. The Government of the Republic of Liberia Arbitration Award Debtor, Defendant Civil Action No. 87-173 United States District Court for the District of Columbia April 16, 1987." ICSID Review 3, no. 1 (March 1, 1988): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icsidreview/3.1.161.

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43

HALİFEOĞLU, Fatma Meral, and Martine ASSENAT. "THE WESTERN MAKSURAH OF THE GREAT MOSQUE OF DİYARBAKIR, RESEARCH AND EXCAVATION." Türk Doğa ve Fen Dergisi, October 3, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1097682.

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Diyarbakır Great Mosque is a community building located in the district of Cami-i Kebir in the northwest of the traditional city area surrounded by walls. The building on Gazi Street opposite Hasan Pasha Han is inside the road, and the eastern entrance overlooks a square which very likely corresponds to the old forum of the city of Amida. Surrounded by the streets to the North and West, the South overlooks the traditional Sipahi Bazaar. Around the full court near the square of the building, in the south there are: Hanafis section, Shafis section, northern vestibule, Mesudiye Madrasa and its southern portico, a traditional house, and a lavatory. To the east, there is a library, which used to be apparently a timing room (muvakkithane) and an entrance to the East (Eastern Maksurah). To the west, in the Western portico (Western Maksurah), that also includes the Western entrance, there is a Qur'anic school. The octagonal and pointed pyramidal coned fountain, built during the Ottoman period, and the prayer hall and pool, which were raised with several steps, form the other units in the spacious courtyard. In the north of the courtyard, we can find the portico of Mesudiye Madrasa. There is also a solar clock in front of the northern vestibule. The aims of this study are: ● introducing the excavations in the Diyarbakır Great Mosque Western Maksurah and explaining the reasons of these excavations; ● presenting the results of these excavations; ● giving information on the excavation findings; ●explaining the importance of research excavations in restoration works. The evaluations made for the preservation of the excavation findings, which were deemed necessary during the restoration works in the great Mosque, will also be explained in this study.
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44

"Blumeria graminis [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 1) (August 1, 2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20066500924.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Blumeria graminis (DC.) Speer Fungi: Ascomycota: Erysiphales Hosts: Poaceae, commonly wheat (Triticum aestivum), barley (Hordeum vulgare), oats (Avena sativa) and rye (Secale cereale). Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Albania, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Central Russia Russia, Eastern, Russian Far East, Northern Russia, Southern Russia, Western Siberia, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, Ukraine, ASIA, Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, China, Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei, Menggu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizhang, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Republic of Georgia, India, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Korea Republic, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Yemen, AFRICA, Algeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Malawi, Morocco, Mozambique, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Tunisia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Northwest, Territories, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon, Greenland, Mexico, USA, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode, Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wyoming, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Parana, Rio Grande do Sul, Sao Paulo, Chile, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, OCEANIA, Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, New Zealand.
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45

"In the Matter of the Application of Liberian Eastern Timber Corporation Putative Arbitration Award Creditor, for Enforcement of an Arbitration Award v. The Government of the Republic of Liberia, Putative Arbitration Award Debtor No. M-68 United States District Court for the Southern District of New York December 12, 1986." ICSID Review 2, no. 1 (March 1, 1987): 188–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icsidreview/2.1.188.

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