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Journal articles on the topic 'District heating modelling'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Gustafsson, Stig-Inge. "Mathematical modelling of district-heating and electricity loads." Applied Energy 46, no. 2 (1993): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-2619(93)90064-v.

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2

Gabrielaitienė, Irena, Rimantas Kačianauskas, and Bengt Sunden. "THERMO-HYDRAULIC FINITE ELEMENT MODELLING OF DISTRICT HEATING NETWORK BY THE UNCOUPLED APPROACH." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 9, no. 3 (2003): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2003.10531321.

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The modelling of uncoupled fluid flow and heat transfer problems of a district heating network using the finite element method (FEM) is presented. Since the standard thermo-hydraulic pipe elements cannot be directly used for modelling insulation, the main attention was paid to discretisation of multilayered structure of pipes and surrounding by one-dimensional thermal elements. In addition, validity of the finite element method was verified numerically by solving fluid flow and heat transfer problems in district heating pipelines. Verification analysis involves standard single pipe problems an

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3

Dromart, Clement, Loïc Puthod, Jérôme H. Kämpf, and Diane von Gunten. "District heating network modelling for future integration of solar thermal energy." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2042, no. 1 (2021): 012089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2042/1/012089.

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Abstract A key advantage of district heating networks is their ability to integrate different renewable energy sources, from geothermal to solar. However, the success of this integration depends on a variety of design and technical decisions, such as feed-in locations or operating temperatures, which need to be compared and analysed. For this purpose, dynamic models of district heating grids, which allow for an hourly representation of the thermodynamic conditions, are necessary. This type of models are nevertheless still uncommon, drastically limiting options to perform these comparisons accu

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4

Manz, Pia, Tobias Fleiter, Anna Billerbeck, Markus Fritz, Şirin Alibaş, and Wolfgang Eichhammer. "Identifying future district heating potentials in Germany: a study using empirical insights and distribution cost analysis." International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management 40 (April 2, 2024): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/ijsepm.8142.

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District heating will play an important role in the transition towards climate-neutral heating. Various studies on modelling the energy system show that district heating and the related expansion of the networks can have different levels of importance. A main reason is that the costs for distribution grid expansion are not well or not at all considered and empirical evidence for a threshold for cost-effective distribution costs is missing in such studies. In this paper, we aim to improve empirical evidence allowing to improve the representation of future district heating expansion in energy sy

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5

Maljkovic, Danica. "Modelling Influential Factors of Consumption in Buildings Connected to District Heating Systems." Energies 12, no. 4 (2019): 586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12040586.

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Assessing the influential factors on measured (or allocated) heat consumption in district heating systems is often limited by the available data. Within a project of modelling consumption in district heating systems in Croatia for the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Environment, an access to a complete billing database of the largest Croatian district heating company was granted. The company supplies approximately 126,400 final consumers (both households and businesses) over 375 km of distribution network. The billing database has 40 vectors in a few million single inputs. In addition

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Gabrielaitienė, Irena, Benny Bøhm, and Bengt Sundén. "DYNAMIC TEMPERATURE SIMULATION IN DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS IN DENMARK REGARDING PRONOUNCED TRANSIENT BEHAVIOUR / DANIJOS ŠILUMOS TIEKIMO SISTEMŲ MODELIAVIMAS, ĮVERTINANT NESTACIONARŲ TEMPERATŪROS PASISKIRSTYMĄ TINKLE." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 17, no. 1 (2011): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2011.553936.

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A dynamic performance of district heating systems was analysed with an emphasis on temperature profile distortion throughout a heating system network. Therefore, a modelling approach (the so-called node method) developed at the Technical University of Denmark was applied. For comparison purposes, commercial TERMIS software was also used in this work. Typical supply conditions were investigated in the considered district heating systems in Denmark. Large and sudden temperature changes in supply temperature were depicted in the district heating system in Madumvej while the pronounced transient s

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7

Aoun, Nadine, Roland Bavière, Mathieu Vallée, Antoine Aurousseau, and Guillaume Sandou. "Modelling and flexible predictive control of buildings space-heating demand in district heating systems." Energy 188 (December 2019): 116042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.116042.

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8

del Hoyo Arce, Itzal, Saioa Herrero López, Susana López Perez, Miika Rämä, Krzysztof Klobut, and Jesus A. Febres. "Models for fast modelling of district heating and cooling networks." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 82 (February 2018): 1863–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.06.109.

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9

Sartor, K., and P. Dewalef. "Experimental validation of heat transport modelling in district heating networks." Energy 137 (October 2017): 961–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.02.161.

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10

Sandvall, Akram, Martin Hagberg, and Kristina Lygnerud. "Modelling of urban excess heat use in district heating systems." Energy Strategy Reviews 33 (January 2021): 100594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2020.100594.

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11

del, Hoyo Arce Itzal, López Saioa Herrero, Pérez. Susana López, Miika Rämä, Krzysztof Klobut, and Jesus A. Febres. "Models for fast modelling of district heating and cooling networks." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 82, Part 2, February 2018 (2017): 1863–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.06.109.

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Within the framework of AMBASSADOR, a collaborative project funded by European Commission under FP7, a Modelica® library for the modelling of thermal-energy transport in district heating systems has been developed. This library comprises detailed models of the distribution and consumption components commonly found in district heating systems. In this paper, the detailed models are discussed, along with their validation against Apros® and IDA-ICE® Software. The results show that, although most of the models perform similarly, they do not equally reproduce the dynamics. Some of the l

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12

Värri, Konsta, and Sanna Syri. "The Possible Role of Modular Nuclear Reactors in District Heating: Case Helsinki Region." Energies 12, no. 11 (2019): 2195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12112195.

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To answer the challenges presented by climate change, all aspects of our energy systems have to carry out a rapid transition towards decarbonisation. This is especially true for the European heating sector that still relies heavily on fossil fuels. District heating systems have been traditionally praised for their efficiency, but replacing old fossil fuel based combined heat and power (CHP) plants is an ongoing challenge, and also the sustainability of biomass as a large-scale option can be considered questionable. Small modular nuclear reactors are one of the potential sources of future CO2-f

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13

Schojda, Dominik, Jan Scheipers, Jürgen Roes, and Harry Hoster. "Modelling and Transient Simulation of District Heating Networks Based on a Control Theory Approach." Energies 18, no. 3 (2025): 658. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18030658.

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Heating districts have become one of the key infrastructures to efficiently and sustainably supply heat to consumers. With the current climate change crisis, not only are heating districts of the essence but their efficient and optimized operation as well. To analyze and achieve such an optimization, transient simulations of heating districts are needed. These simulations are a means of upgrading older town networks to smarter energy grids as well as an effective tool for the planning and building of newer heating networks. Therefore, this work presents an easy simulation method for the transi

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14

Putna, Ondřej, Jakub Kůdela, Martin Krňávek, Martin Pavlas, and Kamil Ondra. "Modelling of Change in Fuel Mix within a District Heating Network." Energies 15, no. 8 (2022): 2879. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15082879.

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Changing the fuel mix used in the heating industry, i.e., switching to greener fuels, is one of the possible solutions to prevent rising costs for final consumers in the context of rising emission allowance prices. This paper presents a methodology that offers the possibility to perform a comprehensive technical and economic assessment of a theoretical solution—changing the fuel mix of centralized heating sources—and other strategic decisions within a district’s heating systems. Emphasis is placed on fuels with a negative price, such as municipal waste. The presented approach can also be used

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15

Bouffaron, Pierrick, and Andreas Koch. "The Benefits of Combined District Energy Modelling and Monitoring: the Case of District Heating." International Journal of Energy, Information and Communications 5, no. 1 (2014): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijeic.2014.5.1.03.

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16

Fallahnejad, Mostafa, Lukas Kranzl, and Marcus Hummel. "District heating distribution grid costs: a comparison of two approaches." International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management 34 (May 25, 2022): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/ijsepm.7013.

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Since the introduction of the effective width concept for the estimation of the linear heat density, it has been frequently used by researchers to calculate district heating distribution grid costs in pre-feasibility phases. Some researchers however, still prefer using a detailed modelling approach to get reliable results. This paper aims at highlighting advantages, disadvantages and challenges of using effective width concept for calculation of district heating distribution grid costs in comparison to a detailed, optimisation-based modelling approach such as DHMIN. The outcomes of this paper

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17

Loureiro, Tatiana, MIika Rämä, Raymond Sterling, et al. "District Energy Systems: A Collaborative Exchange of Results on Planning, Operation and Modelling for Energy Efficiency." Proceedings 2, no. 15 (2018): 1127. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2151127.

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Workshop organized by INDIGO project as a collaborative activity among EU funded projects in the area of District Heating and Cooling. The objective of the workshop was twofold: (1) to create a cluster of European funded projects working in the area of District Energy Systems; and (2) to create a networking opportunity in which to share experiences on the results and difficulties of the researches, and to identify synergies.

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18

Kirschstein, Xenia, Joscha Reber, Rouven Zeus, Miriam Schuster, and Nadja Bishara. "Modelling of Floor Heating and Cooling in Residential Districts." Energies 16, no. 15 (2023): 5850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16155850.

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In this study, a method is proposed to expand the utilization of an existing calculation model for a floor heat exchanger (HX) from room scale to small district scale. The model, namely Trnsys Type 653, is typically employed for the simulation of single or simultaneously controlled parallel heating circuits. It uses a simplified approach to calculate the heat exchange between fluid and screed, taking the HX effectiveness as an input. In order to calculate the effectiveness based on the HX design, fluid properties and mass flow rate, a Python model is developed to be coupled with Type 653. The

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19

Postnikov, Ivan. "Application of the Methods for Comprehensive Reliability Analysis of District Heating Systems." Environmental and Climate Technologies 24, no. 3 (2020): 145–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2020-0093.

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Abstract The general idea of the methodology for the comprehensive reliability analysis of district heating systems (DHS), developed earlier by the author of this paper, is a joint considering and modelling of each technological processes, including fuel supply to heat sources (HS), generation of heat energy by these HS and its distribution on district heating network (HN). For solving this problem different methods and models are applied: statistical testing method, Markov random processes, methods of the theory of hydraulic circuits, basic laws of district heating and heat transfer processes

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20

Postnikov, Ivan. "Application of the Methods for Comprehensive Reliability Analysis of District Heating Systems." Environmental and Climate Technologies 24, no. 3 (2020): 145–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2020-0093.

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AbstractThe general idea of the methodology for the comprehensive reliability analysis of district heating systems (DHS), developed earlier by the author of this paper, is a joint considering and modelling of each technological processes, including fuel supply to heat sources (HS), generation of heat energy by these HS and its distribution on district heating network (HN). For solving this problem different methods and models are applied: statistical testing method, Markov random processes, methods of the theory of hydraulic circuits, basic laws of district heating and heat transfer processes,

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21

Dolinay, Viliam, Lubomir Vasek, Jakub Novak, Petr Chalupa, and Erik Kral. "Heat demand model for district heating simulation." MATEC Web of Conferences 210 (2018): 02044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821002044.

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Demand for affordable and sustainable energy is growing. Even though the technology of construction and insulation of buildings is continuously improving, heating is still a significant issue for large part of Europe. Building modern heating systems as well as upgrading existing ones requires incorporating new technology and smart control systems with sophisticated control algorithms. An essential part of the control systems are models that allow the simulation to verify proposed actions or use series of simulation experiments to find the optimal solution. Several simulation tools are speciali

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22

Vigants, Edgars, Toms Prodanuks, Girts Vigants, Ivars Veidenbergs, and Dagnija Blumberga. "Modelling of Technological Solutions to 4th Generation DH Systems." Environmental and Climate Technologies 20, no. 1 (2017): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rtuect-2017-0007.

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Abstract Flue gas evaporation and condensing processes are investigated in a direct contact heat exchanger - condensing unit, which is installed after a furnace. By using equations describing processes of heat and mass transfer, as well as correlation coherences for determining wet gas parameters, a model is formed to create a no-filling, direct contact heat exchanger. Results of heating equipment modelling and experimental research on the gas condensing unit show, that the capacity of the heat exchanger increases, when return temperature of the district heating network decreases. In order to

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23

Bastida, Hector, Carlos E. Ugalde‐Loo, Muditha Abyesekera, and Meysam Qadrdan. "Modelling and control of district heating networks with reduced pump utilisation." IET Energy Systems Integration 3, no. 1 (2021): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/esi2.12001.

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24

Guelpa, Elisa. "Impact of network modelling in the analysis of district heating systems." Energy 213 (December 2020): 118393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.118393.

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25

Grétarsson, Sigsteinn P., Páll Valdimarsson, and Valdimar K. Jónsson. "Heat transfer modelling of a plate radiator for district heating applications." International Journal of Energy Research 15, no. 4 (1991): 301–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.4440150406.

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26

Xie, Zichan, Haichao Wang, Pengmin Hua, and Risto Lahdelma. "Discrete event simulation for dynamic thermal modelling of district heating pipe." Energy 285 (December 2023): 129523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2023.129523.

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27

Tijani, Olamilekan E., Sylvain Serra, Patrick Lanusse, Rachid Malti, Hugo Viot, and Jean-Michel Reneaume. "Grey-Box Modelling of District Heating Networks Using Modified LPV Models." Energies 18, no. 7 (2025): 1626. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18071626.

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The International Energy Agency (IEA) 2023 report highlights that global energy losses have persisted over the years, with 32% of the energy supply lost in 2022 alone. To mitigate this, this research adopts optimisation to enhance the efficiency of district heating networks (DHNs), a key global energy supply technology. Given the dynamic nature of DHNs and the challenges in predicting disturbances, a dynamic real-time optimisation (DRTO) approach is proposed. However, this research does not implement DRTO; instead, it develops a fast grey-box linear parameter varying (LPV) model for future int

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28

Johra, Hicham, Tohid Jafarinejad, Arash Erfani Beyzaee, Hauke Hirsch, Clemens Felsmann, and Dirk Saelens. "Creating common exercises for modelling building and district energy systems: lessons learnt from the IBPSA Project 1 - DESTEST." E3S Web of Conferences 362 (2022): 10005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202236210005.

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The District Energy Simulation Test (DESTEST) is a series of common exercises about modelling building stocks and district heating networks aiming at testing, benchmarking and verifying different urban-scale energy system simulation tools. For each common exercise, participants are modelling a case with well-defined characteristics, grid topology and boundary conditions. The DESTEST allows participants to discuss common mistakes and pitfalls and define guidelines from the experience and feedback. These common exercises can also be used for training purposes. This article discusses the developm

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29

Gvozdenac-Urosevic, Branka. "Optimization model for improvement of district heating system by integration of cogeneration." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2020): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci200504207g.

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Modelling of a complex district heating system by increasing the energy system?s efficiency and by reducing emissions through the implementation of new and low carbon technologies is presented. One of these technologies is cogeneration which is used to increase energy efficiency and to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Presented model uses linear programming as a basis for mathematical modelling of the energy system. The mathematical calculation is set pragmatically, so it can be efficiently and reliably used to assess the impact of most important parameters on the efficiency of the regional en

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30

Grosswindhager, S., M. Kozek, Andreas Voigt, and Lukas Haffner. "Fuzzy predictive control of district heating network." International Journal of Modelling, Identification and Control 19, no. 2 (2013): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmic.2013.054320.

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31

Al-Saegh, Salam, Farhang Tahmasebi, Rui Tang, and Dejan Mumovic. "Comparison of Deterministic, Stochastic, and Energy-Data-Driven Occupancy Models for Building Stock Energy Simulation." Buildings 14, no. 9 (2024): 2933. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14092933.

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Accurate modelling of occupancy patterns is critical for reliable estimation of building stock energy demand, which is a key input for the design of district energy systems. Aiming to investigate the suitability of different occupancy-modelling approaches for the design of district energy systems, the present study examines a set of standard-based schedules (from the UK National Calculation Methodology), a widely used stochastic occupancy model, and a novel energy-data-driven occupancy model. To this end, a dynamic energy model of a higher education office building developed within a stock mod

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32

Hussein, Ahmed, and Andreas Klein. "Modelling and validation of district heating networks using an urban simulation platform." Applied Thermal Engineering 187 (March 2021): 116529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.116529.

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33

Solinas, Francesco M., Lorenzo Bottaccioli, Elisa Guelpa, Vittorio Verda, and Edoardo Patti. "Peak shaving in district heating exploiting reinforcement learning and agent-based modelling." Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 102 (June 2021): 104235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2021.104235.

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34

Berisha, Xhevat, and Drilon Meha. "Modelling of Direct Connection of Heat Consumers to District Heating with Ejectors." International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology 8, no. 1 (2018): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.8.1.3246.

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35

Calixto, Selva, Cenker Köseoğlu, Marco Cozzini, and Giampaolo Manzolini. "Monitoring and aggregate modelling of an existing neutral temperature district heating network." Energy Reports 7 (October 2021): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2021.08.162.

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36

Guelpa, Elisa, and Ludovica Marincioni. "Automatic modelling of buildings and thermal substations for large district heating systems." Journal of Cleaner Production 318 (October 2021): 128351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128351.

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37

Verda, Vittorio, and Elisa Guelpa. "Modelling Approach for Fast Simulation and Optimization of Large District Heating Networks." TECNICA ITALIANA-Italian Journal of Engineering Science 63, no. 2-4 (2019): 397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ti-ijes.632-441.

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38

Chyhryn, Serafym. "Modelling and Analysis of Plate Heat Exchangers for Flexible District Heating Systems." Energies 12, no. 21 (2019): 4141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12214141.

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Seamless integration of district heating (DH) and power systems implies their flexible operation, which extends their typical operational boundaries and, thus, affects performance of key components, such as plate heat exchangers (PHXs). Despite that the heat transfer in a PHX is regulated by mass flows, flexible operation and demand variations cause shifts in temperature levels, which affects the system operation and must be efficiently accounted for. In this paper, an overall heat transfer coefficient (OHTC) model with direct relation to temperature is proposed. The model is based on a linear

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39

Börjesson, Martin, and Erik O. Ahlgren. "Biomass gasification in cost-optimized district heating systems—A regional modelling analysis." Energy Policy 38, no. 1 (2010): 168–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2009.09.001.

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40

Delangle, Axelle, Romain S. C. Lambert, Nilay Shah, Salvador Acha, and Christos N. Markides. "Modelling and optimising the marginal expansion of an existing district heating network." Energy 140 (December 2017): 209–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.08.066.

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41

Kaliatka, Algirdas, Mindaugas Vaišnoras, and Mindaugas Valinčius. "Modelling of valve induced water hammer phenomena in a district heating system." Computers & Fluids 94 (May 2014): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2014.01.035.

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42

Sdringola, Paolo, Mattia Ricci, Maria Alessandra Ancona, Federico Gianaroli, Cristina Capodaglio, and Francesco Melino. "Modelling a Prototype of Bidirectional Substation for District Heating with Thermal Prosumers." Sustainability 15, no. 6 (2023): 4938. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15064938.

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The performance of the innovative configurations of the “efficient” thermal networks is a key topic in scientific research, focusing on distribution temperatures and integration with high-efficiency plants and renewable sources. As it already happens for the electricity prosumers, a thermal prosumer may feed the district heating network through a bidirectional exchange substation with the excess of the locally produced thermal energy (e.g., by means of solar thermal plant) or with the waste heat recovered in the industrial processes. The Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and

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43

Moreno, Diana, Steffen Nielsen, Meng Yuan, and Frederik Dahl Nielsen. "The ODHeatMap tool: Open data district heating tool for sustainable energy planning." International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management 42 (October 21, 2024): 48–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/ijsepm.8812.

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Building footprints are a geographical indication of the spatial distribution of built-up infrastructure, thereby reflecting energy demand patterns, including heating requirements. Heating demands spatial distribution shown in heat atlases are primordial for evaluating district heating systems feasibility, which are a key decarbonizing technology that offers more sustainable heat supply in dense urban areas. Sustainable energy planning frameworks utilize district heating potentials as metrics for the formulation of alternate system configurations aimed at decarbonizing societies and creating a

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44

Vorspel, Lena, and Jens Bücker. "District-Heating-Grid Simulation in Python: DiGriPy." Computation 9, no. 6 (2021): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computation9060072.

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DiGriPy is a newly developed Python tool for the simulation of district heating networks published as open-source software in GitHub and offered as a Python package on PyPI. It enables the user to easily build a network model, run large-scale demand time series, and automatically compare different temperature-control conditions. In this paper, implementation details and usage instructions are given. Tests showing the results of different scenarios are presented and interpreted.

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45

Kiss, Gyula Richárd, Miklós Horváth, and Zoltán Szánthó. "MATLAB Simulink-Based Modelling and Performance Analysis of District Heating Substations for Renewable Energy Integration." Energies 18, no. 9 (2025): 2370. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18092370.

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Sustainable and energy-efficient district heating systems are essential for reducing carbon emissions and improving building energy performance. This study presents a MATLAB (Version: 2024b) Simulink-based modelling and performance analysis approach for evaluating district heating substations, focusing on lowering the primary return temperature to support renewable energy integration. The analysis investigates the role of heat exchanger configurations and the effects of varying mass flow rates and domestic hot water (DHW) consumption. Three substation designs are examined. Version 1 (v1) inclu

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46

Jónsson, G. R., A. Holtsberg, and V. K. Jónsson. "A Modelling Technique for Estimating Hot Tap Water Consumption in District Heating Systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 208, no. 2 (1994): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1994_208_017_02.

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This paper is concerned with estimating the hot tap water consumption in district heating systems when direct measurements of the hot tap water are not available. Instead, only measurements of the total mass flow, that is the mass flow for both heating and hot water are assumed available. Thus, a method is needed that may be applied in order to separate the mass flow into these two parts, or even more if the mass flow is assumed to be consisting of more than two factors. Here, the mass flow is divided into one part dependent upon climate variables and one part that is independent of the climat

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47

Shesho, Igor, Monika Uler-Zefikj, Risto Filkoski, and Done Tashevski. "The importance of district heating systems in periods of energy crisis: Case study for the city of Skopje." Energija, ekonomija, ekologija XXIV, no. 2 (2022): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/eee22-2.40s.

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Nowadays energy crises are characterized by their intensity, i.e. for a short period of time they can cause significant consequences on the economy and overall living. The impacts of energy crisis are mainly reflected indirectly through misbalance in electrical energy production, which is main component and foundation for all socio-economic processes. In addition, the current coincidence of the energy crisis (high price of natural gas) with the heating season reveals and emphasizes the importance of the heating energy. The aim of this paper is to analyse the role, advantages and disadvantages

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48

Calixto, Selva, Marco Cozzini, and Giampaolo Manzolini. "Modelling of an Existing Neutral Temperature District Heating Network: Detailed and Approximate Approaches." Energies 14, no. 2 (2021): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020379.

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This paper deals with the modelling of an existing neutral-temperature district heating network, meaning that the distribution temperature is close to the ambient temperature, with decentralised heat pumps. The considered case is located in Ospitaletto, Italy. Heat sources are given by industrial waste heat at about 25 °C and aquifer wells at about 15 °C. Two models are used to analyse the network: a detailed model able to calculate local values of operating parameters and an approximate model focused on energy balances aggregating all users with a lumped demand. Both models include the behavi

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Quintana, Humberto Jose, and Michael Kummert. "Optimized control strategies for solar district heating systems." Journal of Building Performance Simulation 8, no. 2 (2014): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19401493.2013.876448.

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Loureiro, Tatiana, Miika Rämä, Raymond Sterling, et al. "District Energy Systems: A Collaborative Exchange of Results on Planning, Operation and Modelling for Energy Efficiency." Proceedings 2, no. 15 (2018): 1127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2151127.

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Workshop organized by INDIGO project as a collaborative activity among EU funded projects in the area of District Heating and Cooling. The objective of the workshop was twofold: (1) to create a cluster of European funded projects working in the area of District Energy Systems; and (2) to create a networking opportunity in which to share experiences on the results and difficulties of the researches, and to identify synergies.

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