Academic literature on the topic 'Disturbed environments'

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Journal articles on the topic "Disturbed environments"

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Schultze, V., R. Stolz, R. Ijsselsteijn, V. Zakosarenko, L. Fritzsch, F. Thrum, E. Il'ichev, and H. G. Meyer. "Integrated SQUID gradiometers for measurement in disturbed environments." IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity 7, no. 2 (June 1997): 3473–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.622141.

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Schultze, V., R. Ijsselsteijn, R. Stolz, and V. Zakosarenko. "High Tc SQUIDs for Unshielded Measuring in Disturbed Environments." Le Journal de Physique IV 06, no. C3 (April 1996): C3–367—C3–372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:1996356.

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Toch, Hans. "Mainstreaming Disturbed Offenders in the Prison." Journal of Psychiatry & Law 21, no. 4 (December 1993): 503–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009318539302100405.

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Can a prison justify maintaining an inmate in complete segregation, guarded by three officers around the clock? Or does the prison have the obligation to mainstream disturbed prisoners so as to provide them with social stimulation and developmental opportunities? The complexity of this issue of placement in special environments—particularly, in stimulus-deprived environments—is illustrated by a violent offender who presents a plausible case for the proposition that his (to date) 15-year dissociation enables him to preserve a precarious equilibrium. For this inmate, the prison-within-a-prison in which he lives is a niche that facilitates psychological survival. It follows that mainstreaming an individual thus situated must be gradually and incrementally undertaken, after notice and consultation with the prisoner and the staff.
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Bubnova, Olena. "Prediction of changes in the state of the geological environment in the mining region." E3S Web of Conferences 109 (2019): 00009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910900009.

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The mining industry is fundamental in the violation of the natural environment and the creation of technogenic. Due to the fact that the natural, disturbed and technogenic environments are in direct contact with each other, there are a number of interrelations between them that affect the general state of the environment. It is shown that the interaction of disturbed and technogenic arrays with the natural geological environment leads to the development of negative processes in the form of landslides, flooding and drainage of territories. In turn, these negative processes lead to the formation of secondary disturbances in the natural environment and directly in disturbed and technogenic arrays - additional sedimentation and deformation of rocks, the formation of dips. The main reason for the development of such hazardous processes is the violation of the hydrogeological regime in the vast territories adjacent to the mine workings. Studies of the hydrogeological and hydrological regimes in disturbed and technogenic arrays are given. The processes of landslide formation and their causes in quarries and in dumps of enterprises mining various types of minerals are considered.
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Palmer, T. A., P. Uehling, and J. B. Pollack. "Using oyster tissue toxicity as an indicator of disturbed environments." International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 12, no. 6 (February 17, 2015): 2111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13762-014-0745-2.

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Bauernschubert, Elisabeth. "Recurrence and Transience of Critical Branching Processes in Random Environment with Immigration and an Application to Excited Random Walks." Advances in Applied Probability 46, no. 03 (September 2014): 687–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001867800007321.

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We establish recurrence and transience criteria for critical branching processes in random environments with immigration. These results are then applied to the recurrence and transience of a recurrent random walk in a random environment on ℤ disturbed by cookies inducing a drift to the right of strength 1.
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Bauernschubert, Elisabeth. "Recurrence and Transience of Critical Branching Processes in Random Environment with Immigration and an Application to Excited Random Walks." Advances in Applied Probability 46, no. 3 (September 2014): 687–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1239/aap/1409319555.

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We establish recurrence and transience criteria for critical branching processes in random environments with immigration. These results are then applied to the recurrence and transience of a recurrent random walk in a random environment on ℤ disturbed by cookies inducing a drift to the right of strength 1.
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Munkholm, Mette S., and Esben Auken. "Electromagnetic Noise Contamination on Transient Electromagnetic Soundings in Culturally Disturbed Environments." Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics 1, no. 2 (August 1996): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/jeeg1.2.119.

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TANAKA, Yuki, Toshiyuki NAKATA, and Hao Liu. "Aerodynamic Performance of Flapping and Revolving Wings Coping with Disturbed Environments." Proceedings of the JSME Conference on Frontiers in Bioengineering 2019.30 (2019): 2B12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmebiofro.2019.30.2b12.

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Symonides, Ewa. "On the ecology and evolution of annual plants in disturbed environments." Vegetatio 77, no. 1-3 (November 1988): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00045746.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Disturbed environments"

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Österling, Martin. "Ecology of freshwater mussels in disturbed environments." Doctoral thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-734.

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The number of species extinctions is increasing at an alarming rate. Long-lived freshwater mussels of the order Unionoida, which include a parasitic stage on a host fish, are highly threatened. Habitat degradation by turbidity and sedimentation is thought to be one major reason for their decline. The objective of this thesis was to examine recruitment patterns and identify the causes of the lack of recruitment in the threatened unionoid freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera). In addition, I investigated the effects of turbidity on non-endangered dreissenid mussels, where turbidity was manipulated through use of bioturbating mayflies.

In a survey of 107 Swedish streams, mussel population size and trout density were both positively correlated to recruitment probability of M. margaritifera. A more in-depth study of the age-structure of nine populations revealed that four of these populations showed no signs of recruitment over the last ten years. Within-stream variation in recruitment was high as both mussels and trout had patchy distribution, and may be important for population regulation. Moreover, examination of different life stages revealed no differences in the gravid mussel stage or the stage when mussels infect salmonid fish. Instead, differences were observed for the juvenile, benthic stage, presumably related to differences in turbidity and sedimentation. High turbidity may affect filter-feeding efficiency of mussels and high sedimentation may reduce survival by clogging sediments, thereby altering, for example, oxygen and food conditions. In the study of the effects of turbidity, bioturbating mayflies increased turbidity and filter-feeding dreissenid mussels reduced turbidity. Mussel growth both decreased and increased with increasing turbidity, depending on sediment type.

Turbidity and sedimentation often impact entire stream systems, and a holistic, catchment-based management strategy may be needed to reduce the effects of sedimentation on freshwater pearl mussels. The effects of restoration take a long time and must start soon if recruitment of mussels is to be re-established. Restoration may also be more urgent in some streams than in others, as the maximum age of M. margaritifera populations in my study differed by as much as 60 years. As mussel and trout densities seem to be important for recruitment success, one conservation method may be to concentrate mussels into sites where trout density is high.

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Gubbins, S. "Dynamics and control of host-parasite systems in heterogeneous and disturbed environments." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599772.

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Using a combination of mathematical analysis, model fitting and parameter estimation, this thesis examines the dynamics and control of host-parasite systems in heterogeneous and disturbed environments. The first chapter introduces and tests models for the population dynamics of Sclerotinia minor, an economically important fungal plant parasite, and the fungal hyperparasite Sporidesmium sclerotivorum in a closed system from which any host of S. minor is excluded. Model structures are identified that reflect experimental data rather than models that are simply mathematical abstractions. Various elaborations of this simple model are discussed in the next chapter and, specifically, the effect of a latent period of infection and the influence of differentiating between primary and secondary infections are considered. In the following chapter, models are developed in which the dynamics of a host crop (lettuce) of S. minor are included. Various mechanisms that contribute to the observed persistence of the parasite are examined and, in particular, the roles played by discontinuities due to planting and harvesting of the lettuce crop, spatial heterogeneity and changes in environmental conditions are considered. Although the models discussed in the first three chapters are developed with close reference to the S. minor-S. sclerotivorum system, they are of broad applicability. In the remaining largely theoretical chapters, the population dynamics of the models are analysed, paying particular attention to thresholds for invasion and persistence. The persistence of host-parasite interactions in disturbed environments (where the host is not continuously present or does not continuously reproduce) is considered first. In the penultimate chapter, thresholds for invasion in plant-parasite systems are derived. These systems are characterised by dual sources of inoculum (primary and secondary infection) and a host response to infection load. Finally, the simple model fitted to the S. minor-S. sclerotivorum data is used to examine the effects of heterogeneous mixing on invasion and persistence.
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Silva, Joyce Tatiane Rodrigues da. "Chuva de sementes em ambientes perturbados e não-perturbados na Floresta de Mata Atlântica do sul da Bahia, Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-24072008-170722/.

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O nível de perturbação a que um ambiente está sujeito pode afetar profundamente o processo de regeneração natural, através de modificações nas fontes de regeneração. Os principais mecanismos de regeneração natural das florestas são a chuva de sementes (dispersão), o banco de sementes do solo e o estabelecimento de plântulas. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar uma das principais etapas da regeneração, a chuva de sementes, em áreas de perturbações naturais (clareiras) e antrópicas (área queimada) e áreas sem indícios de perturbação recente na Mata Atlântica do sul da Bahia. Para a amostragem, foram instalados coletores de sementes em ambientes de sub-bosque, de clareiras naturais e de uma área perturbada por fogo, num total de 144 coletores de 0,50 x 0,50 m, amostrados mensalmente. A chuva de sementes da Floresta Ombrófila Densa analisada foi contínua ao longo dos dois anos amostrados, mas apresentou flutuações entre períodos do ano e variações entre os ambientes analisados. Foram amostradas 41.910 sementes, pertencentes a 198 morfoespécies, sendo que as 120 que puderam ser identificadas foram distribuídas em 31 famílias e 57 gêneros. As 78 espécies indeterminadas representam apenas 256 sementes ou 0,6% do total de sementes amostradas. A menor quantidade total de sementes nesses dois anos foi observada no ambiente de clareiras (7.555, representando 1,25 sementes/m²/dia), enquanto o maior número de sementes foi observado na área queimada (13.656, ou seja, 2,17 sementes/m²/dia). Não foram constatadas diferenças significativas entre a proporção de espécies anemocóricas para os ambientes de clareiras e sub-bosque em nenhum dos anos analisados. Os ambientes mais similares foram o sub-bosque próximo à área queimada (MP) e o subbosque adjacente às clareiras (SB), seguido pelas clareiras (C) e pelo sub-bosque próximo à área queimada (MP). Os períodos de maior taxa de deposição de sementes estiveram concentrados principalmente no meio de ano para praticamente todos os ambientes. A chuva de sementes foi dominada por um pequeno número de espécies produzindo cerca de 98% do total de sementes amostradas, e com muitas espécies sendo representadas por poucas sementes ao longo do período de estudo. Essa dominância foi representada principalmente por três espécies arbóreas pioneiras nativas: Miconia mirabilis, Cecropia pachystachya e Henriettea succosa. Em análise mais detalhada da chuva de sementes destas espécies foi observado que as espécies Miconia mirabilis e Cecropia pachystachya mostraram um padrão anual de deposição de suas sementes, sugerindo que estas espécies possuem uma fenologia definida com longos períodos de deposição de sementes durante o ano. Henriettea succosa foi a espécie que obteve uma distribuição mais homogênea entre os quatros ambientes observados, porém sua maior deposição de sementes ocorreu exclusivamente no mês de abril de 1999.
The disturbance level to which a forest is exposed to may affect its dynamics, modifying the recruits sources. The main mechanisms of forest natural regeneration is seed rain (dispersion), soil seed bank and seedlings establishment. This study aims to analyze seed rain within fire and natural (gaps) disturbed areas and sites with no sign of recent disturb at Atlantic Forests of South Bahia. Sampling was taken monthly through seed rain collectors located under gaps, understorey and fire disturbed areas, in a total of 144 0,5x0,5 m collectors. Although seed rain sampling was continuous, fluctuations were noticed for distinct seasonal periods and environments. A total of 41.910 seeds were sampled, representing 198 morfo-species; 120 were identified and classified into 31 botanical families and 57 genera. The remaining 78 morfo-species were represented by 256 seeds or 0,6% of total sampled seeds. The lower quantities of seeds were observed within gaps environments (7.555 seeds, representing 1,25 seeds/m²/day), while the higher amounts were observed for the fire disturbed areas (13.656 seeds or 2,17 seeds/m²/day). No significant differences were found regarding anemochoric species occurrence between gaps and understorey environments. Similarities were found between fire disturbed areas (MP) and their surrounding understorey environments (SB) and also between gaps (C) and understorey close to fire disturbed areas (SB). The periods of seeds deposition higher rate had been mainly concentrated in the middle of the year for practically all environments. Seed rain was characterized by few species that produced around 98% of the total amount of sampled seeds, with most of the species being represented by few seeds during this study. The dominant species were represented by three native pioneer tree species: Miconia mirabilis, Cecropia pachystachya and Henriettea succosa. A more detailed analysis of the seed rain revealed that Miconia mirabilis and Cecropia pachystachya have an annual deposition pattern, suggesting that these species have a defined phenology, with long periods of seeds deposition along a year. Henriettea succosa presented the most homogeneous distribution among the observed environments, with higher levels of deposition during April 1999. Further studies are needed to understand the observed patterns of this study, especially on M. mirabilis and C. pachystachya phenology.
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KOPP, Katia A. "Biodiversidade e padrões de distribuição da anurofauna do Parque nacional das emas e entorno." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/347.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T12:05:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese katia kopp.pdf: 961457 bytes, checksum: 3756d48b10534109e9caa6f1bb961523 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-30
Composition and diversity of anuran amphibians in preserved and disturbed environments in the Cerrado of the State of Goiás, Mid-West Brazil. The Cerrado is the second largest biome of Brazil, with an approximate area of 2 million km², which represents about 23% of the total area of the country. Despite the high conversion of natural areas of the Cerrado in agricultural areas and pastures, comparative studies that address aspects of the composition and diversity of frogs from adjacent areas in different states of conservation are lacking. Thus, this study aimed to address taxonomic richness and community composition of anuran amphibians in twelve water bodies located in preserved areas (inside the National Park of Emas - PNE) and disturbed areas located around the PNE to test whether the structure of frogs communities is different in preserved and disturbed areas and whether species richness is correlated with descriptors of the heterogeneity of habitats. Were recorded 25 species of frogs belonging to nine genera of five families in the 12 water bodies sampled. Species richness was higher in disturbed than in preserved areas. Diversity and equitability were significantly higher in preserved water bodies (P <0.05) while dominance was higher in disturbed water bodies. An analysis of percentage of similarity (SIMPER) showed that the percentage of dissimilarity between the compared groups was 52.26%. The analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) showed significant results on differentiation between groups (Global R = 0.17, P = 0.04). Species richness was not related to any descriptor of heterogeneity. Geographic distance was related to species composition between sampled water bodies (r = -0.35, p = 0.01). At least two non-exclusive factors may be responsible for patterns of species composition and diversity of frogs found in the environments studied: a) the disturbance caused by human action in the use of natural areas for agriculture and livestock enables greater richness of species in disturbed areas, which is consistent with the hypothesis of intermediate disturbance, b) the migration between adjacent ponds allows the maintenance of communities and patterns of species composition. Thus, although species richness was lower in preserved water bodies, the highest diversity recorded in such habitats demonstrates their importance for the maintenance of community integrity and viable frogs populations
As comunidades de anfíbios anuros, inclusive em regiões tropicais, são influenciadas diretamente pelas condições ambientais, as quais desempenham um papel importante na estruturação e regulação das comunidades. Esse estudo teve como objetivo determinar a diversidade de modos reprodutivos, a temporada de vocalização e testar a correlação das variáveis climáticas com a riqueza, a abundância dos anuros adultos e dos girinos e com a atividade de vocalização dos machos em 12 corpos d‟água localizados no interior e entorno do Parque Nacional das Emas, sudoeste do Estado de Goiás, Brasil. Foram realizadas 16 amostragens entre dezembro de 2005 e março de 2008. Um total de 25 espécies de cinco famílias foram registradas: Bufonidae (1 espécie), Hylidae (9 espécies), Leptodactylidae (8 espécies), Leiuperidae (6 espécies), Microhylidae (1 espécie). Quatro padrões de atividade reprodutiva foram reconhecidos entre as espécies: contínuo, intermediário, prolongado e explosivo. A riqueza de anuros adultos, a abundância e atividade de vocalização dos machos foram positivamente relacionadas com a temperatura do ar, umidade e precipitação. A riqueza de girinos foi positivamente relacionada com a precipitação e com a temperatura da água, mas não houve relação da abundância de girinos com nenhum dos descritores climáticos. Foram registrados seis modos reprodutivos 56% das espécies apresentaram modos reprodutivos aquáticos generalizados, e 44% depositam os ovos em ninhos de espuma. As espécies registradas no presente estudo apresentaram predominância de modos reprodutivos generalizados e padrão reprodutivo tipicamente associado ao período quente e chuvoso, como esperado para regiões tropicais sazonais. Entretanto, a segregação temporal entre grupos de espécies dentro do período chuvoso parece facilitar a coexistência de espécies generalistas típicas de áreas abertas e/ou antrópicas
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Heyes, Andrew. "Methylmercury in natural and disturbed wetlands." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40361.

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Methylmercury (MeHg) is the most toxic species of mercury (Hg), and is an important ecosystem contaminant. In wetlands on the Canadian Shield, in NW Ontario, MeHg concentrations in peat and peat porewater ranged from 0.3 to 53 ng $ rm g sp{-1}$ and $<$0.1 to $ rm 7.3 ng l sp{-1},$ respectively. The greatest concentrations of MeHg occurred just below the water table, emphasizing the importance of redox reactions in Hg methylation. Methylmercury partition coefficients between peat and peat porewater ranged from $1.6 times 10 sp3$ to $8.6 times 10 sp5.$ No significant correlations between MeHg and concentrations of $ rm H sp+, NH sb4 sp+, NO sb3 sp-, NO sb2 sp-,$ total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), $ rm SO sb4 sp{2-},$ and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the porewater of the wetlands were found.
Following shallow impoundment of a wetland, MeHg concentrations in the upper metre of peat porewater increased from $ rm 0.2 pm 0.2 ng l sp{-1}$ to $ rm 0.8 pm 0.8 ng l sp{-1}.$ Total mercury (T-Hg) and MeHg concentrations were determined in decomposing sedge, spruce needles, and Sphagnum moss, placed in a headwater wetland and the impounded wetland. The amount of T-Hg decreased in all tissues regardless of location. the amount of MeHg increased by as much as an order of magnitude in the tissues placed in the impounded wetland and wet areas (hollows and lawns) of the headwater wetland, but decreased in tissue placed in the dry areas (hummocks) of the headwater wetland. Therefore, it is during anaerobic decomposition of plant material that MeHg is produced in wetlands.
Incubations of peat were performed with addition of Hg, molybdate, $ rm SO sb4 sp{2-}, S sp{2-}, NH sb4NO sb3,$ pyruvate, and upland DOC. Methylmercury production was increased only after addition of $ rm SO sb4 sp{2-}$ and retarded only by $ rm NH sb4NO sb3.$ Although $ rm SO sb4 sp{2-}$ may not be required to methylate Hg, the increased availability of $ rm SO sb4 sp{2-}$ may influence the size and composition of the population of sulfate reducing bacteria in peat, thereby increasing the potential for Hg methylation.
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Vins, Wesley J. "Residential Septic Tank Effluent Treatment by Disturbed Darien Soil." Connect to resource online, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1266610669.

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Wallen, Benjamin M. "Heat and mass transfer through disturbed soil| Multiscale experimental and modeling investigation." Thesis, Colorado School of Mines, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10125471.

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Landmines are one of the most prolific, human-made environmental hazards impacting the world. Although there are numerous technologies used to detect buried landmines, none enable a perfect find rate, in part, due to the heterogeneous nature of the environment in which they are buried. Variations in environmental conditions such as soil moisture and climate (e.g., temperature, diurnal fluctuations) impact detection performance. Improved understanding of the environmental conditions associated with minefield emplacement is needed to enable improvement in the algorithms used by detection technologies (e.g., infrared, ground penetrating radar), thus increasing their performance and probability of detection rates. However, there is a lack of understanding of the effect of the mine placement on the heat and mass transfer dynamics in the vicinity of the mine. More specifically, very little is known about how soil disturbance, a process that changes the soil thermal and hydraulic properties of the soil surrounding the mine, due to the placement and burial of the mine effects the soil moisture and temperature conditions in the vicinity of the mine. This is important because understanding these impacts enables increased ability to compare progressively complex models to measured aspects of interest specific to landmine emplacement conditions. The purpose of this research is to better understand the effect of soil disturbance (i.e., loosening the soil) and mixing (i.e., combining different soil types) on heat and mass transfer behavior in the vicinity of buried landmines. The aim is that this knowledge can help future research efforts to improve algorithms associated with various detection technologies. This research integrates a field experiment and numerous laboratory experiments with analytical modeling. In the first task, the thermal conductivity of mixed sands are evaluated at the small scale, providing critical knowledge of the unique behavior. Results indicate that for the test sands studied, knowledge of soil density enables identification of both saturated and dry thermal conductivity which enhances modeling of the thermal conductivity-saturation relationships. Experimental data were used to test thermal conductivity-saturation models. The analytical models varied in their ability to capture the thermal behavior, demonstrating the need for a physically based thermal conductivity-saturation model. The second task compares several approaches used to determine evaporation with several laboratory evaporation and evapotranspiration experiments in an effort to determine an appropriate method that can be applied to studies of landmine detection, specifically, disturbed soil conditions. Results demonstrate that the methods vary in their ability to capture atmospheric versus diffusion dominated evaporative stages for the test soils and boundary conditions studied. Although no one method is applicable for all boundary and initial conditions, the sensible heat balance and heat pulse method enabled the highest level of agreement between measured and modeled evaporation from bare soil experiments. Additionally, the ability of this method to isolate evaporation under evapotranspiration conditions has the potential to isolate transpiration which is significant for many agricultural applications as well as modeling efforts. The third task investigates the impact of soil disturbance and mixing on heat and mass transfer behavior under varying climate conditions at the laboratory scale. Using the methods established in Task 2, I could quantitatively understand the evaporation rates from soils under different conditions (e.g. disturbed or loose conditions compared to undisturbed or tight conditions) using both in-situ and remotely sensed temperature and soil moisture data. Results demonstrate that the disturbance and mixing cause a significant increase in evaporation compared to undisturbed soil conditions. Under disturbed conditions without mixing, the increase evaporation occurred in part to due capillary pumping from the loose soil into the tight soil. Additionally, higher evaporation rates were observed from the upstream tight region compared to the downstream tight region. Finally, the fourth task is a field scale proof of concept demonstration. The purpose of this task is to obtain a data set that includes aspects of tasks 1-3, thus testing our understanding of soil disturbance at the field scale. Experimental results demonstrate distinct behaviors in soil moisture and temperature distributions above and around buried objects that change with climate forcings (i.e., temperature and rain events).

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Wang, Ning Carleton University Dissertation Geography. "Application of remote sensing in detecting and monitoring forest regeneration process in a disturbed environment." Ottawa, 1994.

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Xu, Youjie. "Dust emissions from undisturbed and disturbed soils: effects of off-road military vehicles." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18726.

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Master of Science
Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering
Ronaldo G. Maghirang
Military training lands can be significant sources of fugitive dust emissions due to wind erosion. This study was conducted to determine dust emission potential of soils due to wind erosion as affected by off-road military vehicle disturbance. Multi-pass traffic experiments using two types of vehicles (i.e., wheeled and tracked) were conducted on six soil textures at four military training facilities: Fort Riley, KS; Fort Benning, GA; Yakima Training Center, WA; and White Sands Missile Range (WSMR), NM. Prior to and after the preselected number of vehicle passes, soil samples at three locations were collected with minimum disturbance into trays. Adjacent to the location where tray samples were collected, a Portable In-Situ Wind Erosion Lab (PI-SWERL) was used to measure dust emission potential. The tray samples were tested in a laboratory wind tunnel (with sand abrader) for dust emission potential using a GRIMM aerosol spectrometer and gravimetric method with filters. Comparison of the PI-SWERL (with DustTrak™ dust monitor) and wind tunnel (with GRIMM aerosol spectrometer) measurement results showed significant difference in measured values but high correlation, particularly for soils with high sand content. Wind tunnel tests results showed that sampling locations significantly affected dust emissions for the tracked vehicles but not for the light-wheeled and heavy-wheeled vehicles. Also, soil texture, number of vehicle passes, and vehicle type significantly affected dust emissions. For the light-wheeled vehicles, dust emissions increased as the number of vehicle passes increased. From undisturbed conditions to 10 vehicle passes, there was a significant (P<0.05) increase in dust emissions (297%) on average for all light-wheeled vehicle tests. From 10 to 25 passes and 25 to 50 passes, an additional 52% and 62% increments were observed. For the tracked vehicle, for the straight section sampling location, dust emission increased as the number of vehicle passes increased. However, for the curve section, dust emissions at any level of pass were significantly higher than initial condition; beyond the first pass, no significant increase was observed.
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Martin, Mark. "Improving Habitat Quality and Ecosystem Services at a Highly Disturbed Site." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1321642009.

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Books on the topic "Disturbed environments"

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W, Carr William. Watershed rehabilitation options for disturbed slopes on the Queen Charlotte Islands. Victoria, B.C: Information Services Branch, Ministry of Forests, 1985.

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Vis, M. Processes and patterns of erosion in natural and disturbed andean forest ecosystems. Amsterdam: Koninklijk Nederlands Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, 1991.

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Schwartz, F. W. Computer analysis of the factors influencing groundwater flow and mass transport in a system disturbed by strip mining. Edmonton, Alta: SIMCO Groundwater Research Ltd, 1988.

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Downen, Mark R. 1998 Sunset Pond survey: The warmwater fish community in a disturbed, urban system and salmonid migration route. Olympia, WA: Washington Dept. of Fish and Wildlife, Fish Program, Fish Management Division, Warmwater Enhancement Program, 1999.

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Eli, Reshotko, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, eds. Low Reynolds number boundary layers in a disturbed environment. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1986.

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Ross, Robert, Cynthia Shaler, Cynthia Shaler, and Cynthia Shaler. Birds of the Whitewater River, Southern California: A Disturbed Environment. Riverside Eco-Publishing, 2020.

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Edward J, Goodwin. 35 Threatened Species and Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198715481.003.0035.

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This chapter examines ‘threatened species’ and ‘vulnerable marine ecosystems’ (VME) in the law of the sea. It teases out the broad-spectrum responses of international law that tackle principal anthropogenic threats, including the want of jurisdiction over marine resources, unsustainable fisheries, pollution, and habitat conservation. It then extracts rules from within environmental treaties designed to catch emergency cases, where individual species are close to extinction or sites are being degraded and disturbed.
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Steiger, Axel. Sleep in endocrine disorders. Edited by Sudhansu Chokroverty, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, and Christopher Kennard. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199682003.003.0044.

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Related to bidirectional interaction between electrophysiological and endocrine activity during sleep, which are assessed by sleep electroencephalography (EEG) and hormone profiles, respectively, sleep changes occur frequently in endocrine disorders. In most of these disorders, sleep is impaired. Only in patients with prolactinoma is slow-wave sleep elevated. This chapter summarizes the current knowledge on sleep in disorders of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical (HPA) and hypothalamic–pituitary–somatotropic (HPS) systems, in hypo- and hyperthyroidism, in diabetes mellitus, in prolactinoma, in disorders related to gonadal hormones, and with regard to disturbed endocrine rhythms related to environmental influences.
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Weil, Andrew. Integrative Environmental Medicine. Edited by Aly Cohen and Frederick S. vom Saal. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190490911.001.0001.

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Integrative Environmental Medicine looks at the history and changing landscape of environmental issues in the United States, including water supply, air quality, extensive plastic pollution, harmful chemicals in cleaning and personal care products, radiofrequency radiation, food additives, pesticides, and medications. The unique properties of compounds such as endocrine-disrupting chemicals are explored along with their ability to disturb the body’s normal signaling pathways, genetic profile, and gut microbiome. Resulting molecular derangements promote thyroid and other autoimmune diseases, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and influence developmental problems in children. Analysis of current research identifies ways to reduce exposures and health risks, improve regulations and appropriate testing for chemicals, remediate environmental pollution, and design healthier products for the future. Best practices are considered for clinicians to ascertain exposure history, test for toxins, and teach patients how to avoid harmful exposures. Patients will be prepared and empowered with information about healthier food choices and cooking practices, appropriate supplement use, water filtration, cleaning and personal care product selection, improved sleep, stress reduction, sauna, fasting, chelation, safe cell phone use, and other means of reducing harmful environmental exposures. Solutions at every level require interdisciplinary collaboration to advance assessment, design, stewardship, and regulation of chemicals to promote environmental and human health.
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Downen, Mark R. Relation of salmonid survival, growth and outmigration to environmental conditions in a disturbed, urban stream, Squalicum Creek, Washington. 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Disturbed environments"

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Day, Arden D., and Kenneth L. Ludeke. "Plant Nutrients for Disturbed Land Reclamation." In Plant Nutrients in Desert Environments, 93–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77652-6_20.

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Wong-Arguelles, Cynthia, Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro, Cesar Arturo Ilizaliturri-Hernandez, and Candy Carranza-Alvarez. "Credibility of In Situ Phytoremediation for Restoration of Disturbed Environments." In Bioremediation and Biotechnology, 233–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35691-0_11.

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Symonides, Ewa. "On the ecology and evolution of annual plants in disturbed environments." In Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Vegetation Dynamics, 21–31. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2275-4_2.

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Schindelbeck, R. R., and H. M. van Es. "Using Soil Health Indicators to Follow Carbon Dynamics in Disturbed Urban Environments – A Case Study of Gas Pipeline Right-of-Way Construction." In Carbon Sequestration in Urban Ecosystems, 233–47. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2366-5_12.

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Koroleva, N. E. "Succession on Disturbed Habitats." In Social and Environmental Impacts in the North: Methods in Evaluation of Socio-Economic and Environmental Consequences of Mining and Energy Production in the Arctic and Sub-Arctic, 235–42. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1054-2_17.

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Bashkin, Vladimir N., and Rauf V. Galiulin. "Biogeochemical Technologies for Recultivation of Disturbed Soils in Impacted Polar Ecosystems." In Environmental Pollution, 87–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04441-1_7.

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Haigh, Marting J. "Slope evolution on coal-mine disturbed land." In Environmental Geotechnics and Problematic Soils and Rocks, 3–13. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003211051-2.

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Jiménez, Patricia, Graciela Marando, Ramón Josa, Maria Julià, Marta Ginovart, and Manuel Bonmatí. "Biochemical Characterisation of Minimally Disturbed Soils Under Mediterranean Conditions." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 77–89. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21162-1_6.

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Kozybayeva, Farida E., Abdulla Saparov, Hasi Dzhamantikov, Gulzhan B. Beyseyeva, and Valeria N. Permitina. "Biotechnological Restoration Methods of Technogenically Disturbed Soils in Kazakhstan." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 591–609. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01017-5_37.

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Haigh, M., and M. P. Kilmartin. "Hydrology of Disturbed Peat-Land, Heads of The Valleys, Wales." In NATO Science Series: IV: Earth and Environmental Sciences, 95–105. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4228-0_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Disturbed environments"

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Khider, Mohammed, Patrick Robertson, Martin Frassl, Michael Angermann, Luigi Bruno, Maria Garcia Puyol, Estefania Munoz Diaz, and Oliver Heirich. "Characterization of planar-intensity based heading likelihood functions in magnetically disturbed indoor environments." In 2013 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipin.2013.6817898.

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Johnson, Mark A. "Modeling, simulation, and analysis of satellite communications in nuclear disturbed environments with OPNET." In Defense and Security Symposium, edited by Kevin Schum and Alex F. Sisti. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.662848.

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Ellis, Stephen. "Using Virtual Environments (aka VR) to Understand Human Reaching When Disturbed by Sensorimotor Misalignments." In 3D Image Acquisition and Display: Technology, Perception and Applications. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/3d.2017.dw4f.1.

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Lycksam, Henrik, Per Gren, and Mikael Sjödahl. "Digital holographic interferometry in a disturbed environment." In Speckle06: Speckles, From Grains to Flowers, edited by Pierre Slangen and Christine Cerruti. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.695343.

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Huba, Joseph D., and Thomas Goldring. "Propagation studies in a disturbed ionospheric environment." In OE/LASE '90, 14-19 Jan., Los Angeles, CA, edited by Peter B. Ulrich and LeRoy E. Wilson. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.18343.

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Fakoorian, Seyed, Mahmoud Moosavi, Reza Izanloo, Vahid Azimi, and Dan Simon. "Maximum Correntropy Criterion Constrained Kalman Filter." In ASME 2017 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2017-5326.

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Non-Gaussian noise may degrade the performance of the Kalman filter because the Kalman filter uses only second-order statistical information, so it is not optimal in non-Gaussian noise environments. Also, many systems include equality or inequality state constraints that are not directly included in the system model, and thus are not incorporated in the Kalman filter. To address these combined issues, we propose a robust Kalman-type filter in the presence of non-Gaussian noise that uses information from state constraints. The proposed filter, called the maximum correntropy criterion constrained Kalman filter (MCC-CKF), uses a correntropy metric to quantify not only second-order information but also higher-order moments of the non-Gaussian process and measurement noise, and also enforces constraints on the state estimates. We analytically prove that our newly derived MCC-CKF is an unbiased estimator and has a smaller error covariance than the standard Kalman filter under certain conditions. Simulation results show the superiority of the MCC-CKF compared with other estimators when the system measurement is disturbed by non-Gaussian noise and when the states are constrained.
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Treese, Daniel P., Shirley E. Clark, and Katherine H. Baker. "Nutrient Leaching from Disturbed Soil Horizons." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2010. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41114(371)302.

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Huba, J. D., and G. Ganguli. "Electron Density Fluctuations In A Disturbed Ionospheric Environment." In 1988 Los Angeles Symposium--O-E/LASE '88, edited by Robert A. Fisher. SPIE, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.943870.

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Aoki, Hirotaka, Rahok Sam Ann, Akio Tanaka, and Manabu Ishihara. "Odometer correction method using disturbed environmental magnetic field." In 2014 IEEE 3rd Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gcce.2014.7031319.

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Pavlin, B., G. Carabin, G. Pernigotto, A. Gasparella, and Renato Vidoni. "An Embedded Mechatronic Device for Real-Time Monitoring and Prediction of Occupants’ Thermal Comfort." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-87632.

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It is well recognized in the literature that thermal sensation and comfort are dependent on both core and skin temperatures. In particular, some regions of the human skin, such as the forehead, have a higher density of thermal receptors, giving a higher sensitivity to the skin temperature. Some studies suggest that the forehead skin temperature and its rate ofchange alone could potentially be a good indicator of one’s overall thermal comfort. To validate this claim, an idea for a smart sensor which would be able to read the occupants’ forehead temperature and other environmental parameters in a proximal way is here considered. Moreover, with the aim of exploiting the system not only in lab or test facility environments but, considering the 4.0 revolution, also in the building automation context, a non-invasive solution has been searched so as the occupants are not disturbed while the measurement is performed. Therefore, in this study, a new cheap and smart mechatronic sensor device for a non-invasive measurement of the occupants’ thermal comfort is proposed. The main components consist of a central unit, i.e. microprocessor, a small infrared sensor for thermal imaging, i.e a Lepton infrared camera by FLIR, as well as other sensors for measuring distance, humidity and temperature. The setup was imagined as the sensor being placed on the top of each desk, so it is not easily obstructed by a laptop or a similar object that can be found on top of the working surface. After the conceptual hardware definition and software development, an accurate experimental calibration has been performed exploiting an ad-hoc developed set-up based on a hot plate with an emissivity factor similar to the one of the human skin and with adjustable temperature. Finally, a first design for embedding the whole smart mechatronic system in a unique box has been developed and built.
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