Academic literature on the topic 'Diuretic activity'
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Journal articles on the topic "Diuretic activity"
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Kaundinnyayana, Sammodavardhana, Satish Kumar Mahadevaiahcandraiah, and Alaya Laxminarayana Udupa. "Evaluation of Diuretic Activity of Aqueous Extract of Ripe Fruit Pulp of Tamarindus indica L. in Rats." Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital 14, no. 2 (2016): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v14i2.13807.
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Introduction: Diuresis is an important pharmacological property which is useful in many clinical conditions. There is a need of better diuretics with lesser adverse effects in comparison to currently available diuretics. The study aimed to evaluate the diuretic activity of aqueous extract of fruit pulp of Tamarindus indica L. in rats.Methods: The study was undertaken with aqueous extract of fruit pulp of Tamarindus indica in three doses: 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg and1200 mg/kg for its diuretic activity in comparison with standard (furosemide) and vehicle control (normal saline) in Wistar rats. Urine volume and electrolytes were measured after 24 hours of drug administration.Results: Aqueous extract of fruit pulp of Tamarindus indica at the dose of 1200 mg/kg exhibited significant diuretic activity (p<0.05) without significant natriuretic effect. Magnesium excretion was also significantly increased in comparison to control group.Conclusion: Aqueous extract of fruit pulp of Tamarindus indica has significant diuretic activity in Wistar rats.
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Drapak, І. V. "Synthesis, diuretic activity research and QSAR-analysis of N-(1,3,4-tiadiazol-2-il)substituted amides of alkanecarboxylic acids." Farmatsevtychnyi zhurnal, no. 2 (May 10, 2019): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32352/0367-3057.2.19.06.
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Diuretics are effective drugs that are widely used in medicine, but have unwanted side effects. The derivative of thiadiazole – acetozolamide is a known diuretic. Therefore, the search for diuretics in this series and the establishment of quantitative «structure–activity» (QSAR) dependencies is appropriate.
 The aim of the work was to synthesis N-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)substituted alkanes of alkanecarboxylic acids, study their diuretic activity, and QSAR analysis.
 The objects of the study were N-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)substituted alkanes of alkanecarboxylic acids, obtained by the interaction of 2-amino-5-alkyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole with the corresponding acylchlorides. Investigation of diuretic activity of synthesized compounds was carried out by the method of Berchin. Hyper-Chem and BuildQSAR software were used for calculation of molecular descriptors and QSAR-models.
 Synthesis of 12 N-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)substituted amides of alkanecarboxylic acids, the structure of which was confirmed by PMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Studies of diuretic activity showed that the synthesized compounds had pronounced diuretic properties, and some of them according to activity indicators were approaching or exceeding comparative preparations. Compound N-(5-methyl-[1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl) propionamide showed the best diuretic effect: increased daily diuresis in white rats, in comparison with intact control, in 2.47 times (p ≤ 0,001), in comparison with hydrochlorothiazide was in 1,6 times and acetazolamide was 1,75 times. The calculation of the molecular descriptors of N-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)substituted amides of alkanecarboxylic acids was conducted. Based on the calculated values of molecular descriptors and diuretic activity values of 12 synthesized compounds, a QSAR analysis was performed. Analysis of structure-diuretic activity showed the greatest influence of lipophilicity, energy parameters, spatial structure and size of the molecule. Moreover, diuretic activity increases with increasing logP, decreasing the refractive, volume and area of the molecule, increasing the energy of the higher occupied molecular orbital. Increasing the charge on the Sulfur atom of the thiadiazole ring and the Оxygen atom of the carbonyl group, reducing the angle between the Sulfur atoms, the Nitrogen of the amide group and the Oxygen, and increasing the angle between the Nitrogene atoms of the thiadiazole ring, the Oxygen and the Nitrogen of the amide group, also increases diuretic activity.
 The results of the diuretic activity of the synthesized compounds N-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)substituted amides of alkanecarboxylic acids show the potential for the search for diuretic agents among 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives. The resulting QSAR models will be used to modelling and prediction the activity of new potential diuretics.
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Li, Min, Shun Zhang, and Baoxue Yang. "Urea Transporters Identified as Novel Diuretic Drug Targets." Current Drug Targets 21, no. 3 (2020): 279–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450120666191129101915.
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Background: Urea Transporters are a family of membrane channel proteins that facilitate the passive transport of urea across the plasma membrane. UTs are divided into two subgroups, UT-A and UT-B. UT-As are primarily located in renal tubule epithelia and UT-Bs are highly expressed in renal descending vasa recta and extrarenal multiple tissues. Various urea transporter knockout mice exhibit low urine concentrating ability, which suggests that UTs are novel diuretic targets. With highthroughput screening of small molecule drug-like compound libraries, various potent UT inhibitors with IC50 at nanomolar level were identified. Furthermore, selective UT inhibitors exhibit diuretic activity without disturbing electrolyte and metabolism balance, which confirms the potential of UTs as diuretic targets and UT inhibitors as novel diuretics that do not cause electrolyte imbalance. Objective: This review article summarizes the identification and validation of urea transporter as a potential diuretic target and the discovery of small molecule UT inhibitors as a novel type of diuretics. Conclusion: UTs are a potential diuretic target. UT inhibitors play significant diuresis and can be developed to diuretics without disturbing electrolyte balance.
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Ren, Huiwen, Yanhua Wang, Yongning Xing, et al. "Thienoquinolins exert diuresis by strongly inhibiting UT-A urea transporters." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 307, no. 12 (2014): F1363—F1372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00421.2014.
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Urea transporters (UT) play an important role in the urine concentration mechanism by mediating intrarenal urea recycling, suggesting that UT inhibitors could have therapeutic use as a novel class of diuretic. Recently, we found a thienoquinolin UT inhibitor, PU-14, that exhibited diuretic activity. The purpose of this study was to identify more potent UT inhibitors that strongly inhibit UT-A isoforms in the inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD). Efficient thienoquinolin UT inhibitors were identified by structure-activity relationship analysis. Urea transport inhibition activity was assayed in perfused rat terminal IMCDs. Diuretic activity of the compound was determined in rats and mice using metabolic cages. The results show that the compound PU-48 exhibited potent UT-A inhibition activity. The inhibition was 69.5% with an IC50 of 0.32 μM. PU-48 significantly inhibited urea transport in perfused rat terminal IMCDs. PU-48 caused significant diuresis in UT-B null mice, which indicates that UT-A is the target of PU-48. The diuresis caused by PU-48 did not change blood Na+, K+, or Cl− levels or nonurea solute excretion in rats and mice. No toxicity was detected in cells or animals treated with PU-48. The results indicate that thienoquinolin UT inhibitors induce a diuresis by inhibiting UT-A in the IMCD. This suggests that they may have the potential to be developed as a novel class of diuretics with fewer side effects than classical diuretics.
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Jayaweera, Gihani, Thamasi Makuloluwa, Kamal Perera, Jeeva K. Amararatne, Sirimal Premakumara, and Daya Ratnasooriya. "ORAL DIURETIC ACTIVITY OF HOT WATER EXTRACT OF H-GRADE QUILLS OF CINNAMOMUM ZEYLANICUM BLUME IN RATS." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 10 (2018): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i10.25200.
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Objective: Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume is claimed in Sri Lankan traditional medicine as a diuretic. Diuretics that are in current use possess serious adverse effects. Thus, there is a need for discovering efficacious and safe diuretics possibly from natural sources. Hence, the study was carried out to scientifically evaluate the diuretic potential of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume in vivo.Methods: Wistar albino rats weighing 180-270 g of either sex were divided into five groups containing six subjects in each. All were starved for 18 h and hydrated subsequently with oral sodium chloride solution (0.9%). Group, I (control) received normal saline (15 ml per animal orally). Group II, III, and IV received different doses (1500, 2250, 3000 mg/kg) of freeze-dried hot water extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume orally. Group V; (standard) received furosemide (13 mg/kg). Rats were placed individually in metabolic cages. Cumulative urine outputs at hourly intervals for six hours, urinary Na+, K+, Cl-, HCO3-, specific gravity, pH and total dissolved solids were determined. Results: A strong dose-dependent diuretic activity with a rapid onset of action, rapid peak diuresis and short duration of action was observed compared to furosemide. The diuretic action was accompanied with a significant (p<0.05) increase in urinary Na+, HCO3- and pH and decrease in urinary H+. Conclusion: The results indicated that hot water extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume possesses marked diuretic action compared to furosemide. This is mediated primarily via loop diuretic mechanism similar to furosemide and partly by carbonic anhydrase inhibitory action.
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Golik, Mykola, Tetiana Titko, Angelina Shaposhnyk, et al. "QSAR analysis and molecular docking study of pyrrolo- and pyridoquinolinecarboxamides with diuretic activity." ScienceRise: Pharmaceutical Science, no. 3(31) (June 30, 2021): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2519-4852.2021.234493.
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The aim. The aim of the study was to reveal QSAR and ascertain the possible mechanism of action via docking study in the row of tricyclic quinoline derivatives with diuretic activity.
 Materials and methods. Pyrrolo- and pyridoquinolinecarboxamides with proven diuretic activity were involved in the study. Molecular descriptors were calculated using HyperChem and GRAGON software, and QSAR models were built using BuildQSAR software. For receptor-oriented flexible docking, the Autodock 4.2 software package was used.
 Results. Multivariate linear QSAR models were built on two datasets of quinolinecarboxamides: Vol = a∙X1 + b∙X2 + c∙X3 + d, where Vol – volume of the daily produced urine in rats, Xi – molecular descriptor. QSAR analysis showed that the diuretic activity is determined by the geometric and spatial structure of molecules, logP, the energy values, RDF- and 3D-MoRSE-descriptors. Based upon internal and external validation of the models, the most informative two-parameter linear QSAR model 3а was proposed. Docking data showed the high affinity of two lead compounds to the carbonic anhydrase II.
 Conclusions. QSAR analysis of tricyclic quinoline derivatives revealed that the diuretic activity increases with the increase of value of logP, refractivity, and dipole moment and with the decrease of volume, surface area, and polarization of the molecules. Increase of values of such energy descriptors as bonds energy, core-core interaction, and energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital results in higher diuresis; decrease in hydration energy leads to higher diuretic activity. Based upon molecular docking calculation, the mechanism of diuretic action is proposed to be carbonic anhydrase inhibition.
 QSAR models and docking data are useful for in-depth study of diuretic activity of tricyclic quinolines and could be a theoretical basis for de novo-design of new diuretics
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Patel, K., M. Kukkar, P. Sachdeva, A. Saluja, and R. Kukkar. "Diuretic Activity of Aerial Parts of Rorippa indica." International Journal of Pharma Research and Health Sciences 7, no. 6 (2019): 3101–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ijprhs.2019.06.06.
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Shankar, Sudha S., and D. Craig Brater. "Loop diuretics: from the Na-K-2Cl transporter to clinical use." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 284, no. 1 (2003): F11—F21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00119.2002.
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The diuretic response to loop diuretics in various disease states has consistently been found to be subnormal. One of the key determinants of the degree of diuretic response is the functional integrity of the sodium-potassium-chloride transporter in the loop of Henle. Studies in animal models suggest that expression/activity of the transporter may be affected by factors such as altered natural splicing events of NKCC2 (the gene encoding for the renal transporter), renal prostanoids, vasopressin, and other autacoids. We have reviewed the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of loop diuretics in health and in edematous disorders for which they are used. On the basis of evidence reviewed in this paper, we propose that altered expression or activity of the sodium-potassium-chloride transporter in the loop of Henle, in conjunction with events occurring in other segments of the nephron, possibly accounts for the altered diuretic response to these agents. Thus the modulators of this altered expression/activity could serve as important therapeutic targets for alternative diuretic regimens in these conditions.
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Ntchapda, Fidèle, Djedouboum Abakar, Blaise Kom, et al. "Diuretic Activity of the Aqueous Extract Leaves ofFicus glumosaDel. (Moraceae) in Rats." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/693803.
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Experiments were carried out to validate the use ofF. glumosaextract as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension as claimed by traditional healers. The experiments were performed under the same conditions with two synthetic pharmacological diuretics considered as check (Furosemide and Amiloride hydrochlorothiazide). The aqueous extract leaves ofF. glumosaaccelerated the elimination of overloaded fluid. At the maximum of diuretic response, urinary osmolarity decreased significantly when compared with controls. The single dose treatment of the aqueous extract leaves ofF. glumosahas significantly increased urine volume 24 h after administration of the extract. The stability of aldosterone level, the absence of correlation with the plasma levels of sodium, and the increased clearance of free water in the animals receiving the extract show that increased diuresis and natriuresis moderate elevation are tubular in origin. The increase in Na+, K+, and Cl−induced by the extract caused alkalinization of the urine and showed a strong inhibitory effect of carbonic anhydrase and saluretic. These effects were mainly observed at the dose of 375 mg/kg. These observations confirm the traditional use in the treatment of hypertension and support the importance of the conservation of local knowledge as well as the conservation of Cameroonian biodiversity.
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Sajadi, Farwa, and Jean-Paul Paluzzi. "CAPA Neuropeptides Inhibit VA Activity in Malpighian Tubules of the Mosquito, Aedes Aegypti." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (2021): A498—A499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1019.
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Abstract Haematophagus insects, such as the female Aedes aegypti mosquito, face the challenge of excess ion and water intake after engorgement on a blood meal. To cope with this, adult female A. aegypti have a specialized excretory system that includes the Malpighian tubules (MTs), which are under rigorous control by several neuroendocrine factors to regulate transepithelial movement of ions/water. Produced in the CNS, the mosquito anti-diuretic hormone is a member of the CAPA peptide family, which share homology to the vertebrate neuromedin U peptide. CAPA peptides inhibit fluid secretion of MTs stimulated by select diuretic factors, 5HT and DH31 through the NOS/cGMP/PKG pathway. However, the anti-diuretic signalling mechanism and downstream cellular targets, such as ion channels and transporters, remain unclear. To study whether the V-type H+-ATPase (VA) plays a role in CAPA inhibition, we performed fluid secretion assays in MTs treated with diuretics and bafilomycin, a known VA inhibitor. Bafilomycin significantly inhibited DH31-stimulated fluid secretion 30 min post treatment compared to diuretic controls (p&lt;0.05, n=22). Similar, however, delayed responses were seen in 5HT-stimulated MTs, while no affect was observed in DH44-stimulated secretion. An indirect way to measure whether CAPA inhibits VA activity was to measure the pH of the secreted fluid from diuretic-stimulated MTs treated with CAPA. In DH31-stimulated MTs supplemented with CAPA, there was an immediate significantly higher pH at 40 min, increasing up to 7.73±0.038 compared to control, 7.56±0.038 (p=0.0007, n=20). The pH of 5HT-stimulated MTs treated with CAPA was seen to significantly increase up to 7.75±0.061 (p=0.03, n=10) at the 60 min mark, in agreement with the delayed response previously seen. Unlike the effects observed with DH31 and 5HT, CAPA did not alter the pH of the secreted fluid in DH44-stimulated MTs. Alkalization of the secreted fluid in response to CAPA suggests inhibition of the proton pump, which may lead to constrained cation entry across the apical membrane of the MTs. To understand Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) and VA activity in response to CAPA, we performed activity assays in diuretic-stimulated MTs. Adult female MTs treated with DH31 resulted in an increase of both NKA and VA activity compared saline controls. As expected, MTs incubated with both DH31 and AedaeCAPA-1 had a lower NKA and VA activity (p&lt;0.05) resulting in activity levels comparable to saline control levels. The results thus far could suggest a novel mechanism for CAPA inhibition, blocking the VA to hinder fluid secretion. Investigating the pathway of CAPA inhibition and its role in countering diuresis will help provide a deeper understanding of the critical process of diuresis and its signaling mechanism.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Diuretic activity"
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Daneva, Zdravka P. "Diuretic, natriuretic, and vasodepressor activity of a lipid fraction enhanced in medium of cultured mouse medullary interstitial cells by a selective FAAH inhibitor." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5712.
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The relationship between the endocannabinoid system in the renal medulla and the long-term regulation of blood pressure is not well understood. To investigate the possible role of the endocannabinoid system in renomedullary interstitial cells, mouse medullary interstitial cells (MMICs) were obtained, cultured and characterized for their responses to treatment with a selective inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), PF-3845. Treatment of MMICs with PF-3845 increased cytoplasmic lipid granules detected by Sudan Black B staining and multilamellar bodies identified by transmission electron microscopy. HPLC analyses of lipid extracts of MMIC culture medium revealed a 205nm-absorbing peak that showed responsiveness to PF-3845 treatment. The biologic activities of the PF-3845-induced product (PIP) isolated by HPLC were investigated in anesthetized, normotensive surgically-instrumented mice. Intramedullary and intravenous infusion of PIP at low dose rates (0.5-1 AU/10 min) stimulated diuresis and natriuresis, whereas at higher doses, these parameters returned toward baseline but mean arterial pressure (MAP) was lowered. Whereas intravenous bolus doses of PIP stimulated diuresis, GFR and medullary blood flow (MBF) and reduced or had no effect on MAP, an intraperitoneal bolus injection of PIP reduced MAP, increased MBF, and had no effect on urinary parameters. Genetic or pharmacological ablation of the cannabinoid type 1 receptors in mice completely abolished the diuretic and vasodepressor properties of intramedullary infused PIP, suggesting that the PF-3845-induced product requires the presence of CB1 receptors in order to elicit its renal effects. In a radioactive competition binding assay, using Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing CB1 receptors, PIP successfully displaced the CB1 selective inverse agonist [3H] SR141716A, revealing that the lipid extract was able to compete for binding to CB1 receptors. Finally, we investigated the tubular location of diuretic activity that the PF-3845-induced lipid fraction exhibits. In a renal function in vivo experiment, we pre-treated anesthetized mice with an intramedullary infusion of one of four well-known diuretics. This procedure was followed by an intramedullary infusion of PIP (1AU). Only inhibition of the proximal tubule sodium reabsorption diminished the diuretic activity of the PF-3845-induced product, suggesting that the lipid fraction requires a physiologically intact proximal tubular reabsorption mechanism for it to produce diuresis. These data support a model whereby PF-3845 treatment of MMICs results in increased secretion of a neutral lipid which acts directly to promote diuresis and natriuresis and indirectly through metabolites to produce vasodepression. Efforts to identify the structure of the PF-3845-induced lipid and its relationship to the previously proposed renomedullary antihypertensive lipids are ongoing.
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Dempsey, Sara. "Diuretic and natriuretic activity of FAAH inhibition in the renal medulla: a proposed role of palmitoylethanolamide and its regulation by renal medullary interstitial cells." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5776.
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Hypertension is a critical public health issue worldwide, and in the United States, it is the leading cause of heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure, contributing to more than 1,100 deaths per day. It is proposed that the renal medulla combats increased blood pressure by releasing a neutral lipid from the lipid droplets of medullary interstitial cells, termed medullipin, which induces diuresis- natriuresis and vasodepression. The renal medulla is enriched with fatty acid lipid ethanolamides including the endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA), palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), and oleoylethanolamide (OEA), along with their primary hydrolyzing enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH). Our lab is investigating the relationship of these lipid ethanolamides and their metabolites to medullipin. We have shown that intramedullary infusion of AEA stimulated diuresis-natriuresis without changing mean arterial pressure (MAP) in an acute surgical model using anesthetized normotensive C57BL/6J mice. The hypothesis that infusion of a FAAH-selective inhibitor, PF-3845, would produce similar responses as exogenous AEA was tested. Intramedullary infusion of PF-3845 stimulated diuresis-natriuresis, decreased MAP, and increased lipid ethanolamide concentrations in kidney tissue in C57BL/6J mice. Since the decrease in MAP observed with PF-3845 was not consistent with the results of exogenous AEA, this study hypothesized that increased PEA concentrations in the renal medulla observed with PF-3845 produced the decrease in MAP. Therefore, the effects of PEA administration into the renal medulla were investigated. Intramedullary infusion of PEA stimulated diuresis and natriuresis without changing MAP in normotensive C57BL/6J mice. However, intramedullary PEA administration to mice made hypertensive using L-NAME, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, was assessed. Intramedullary infusion of PEA stimulated diuresis, but also decreased MAP in L-NAME-induced hypertensive mice. The mechanism of PEA-induced diuresis was evaluated for the contributions of its FAAH-mediated hydrolysis and the CB1 receptor. Intramedullary infusion of PEA stimulated diuresis in FAAH knockout mice and CB1 knockout mice. The possible source of PEA in the renal medulla was investigated using renal medullary interstitial cells cultured from mice. In cultured mouse medullary interstitial cells (MMICs), treatment with PF-3845 increased cytoplasmic lipid droplets detected by Sudan Black B (SBB) staining and increased PEA in the culture medium. Physiologic stimuli that may regulate PEA production and release from MMICs were also evaluated. Increased osmolarity increased NAPE-PLD protein levels, increased SBB stained droplets in MMICs, and increased PEA concentrations in the culture medium. Overall, it is concluded that the PEA-induced diuretic and natriuretic effect is independent of FAAH-mediated hydrolysis and the CB1 receptor, and that PEA can serve as an antihypertensive regulator in the renal medulla that may be regulated by medullary interstitial cells.
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GONÇALVES, Nádyla Zanon. "Avaliação da toxicidade oral aguda e atividade diurética de Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sargent." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/2108.
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Previous issue date: 2011-08-30<br>Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sargent is a species commonly known as cock-spur, in the
Ulmaceae family and characterized as a shrub or small tree with branches long and
very flexible. Is used for the treatment of urinary tract infections, kidney (kidney
stones and pyelonephritis) and as a diuretic. Popular reports in the State of Goiás
indicate the use of the spur cockscomb in the form of tea leaves. The aqueous
extract of Celtis iguananea was tested in Wistar rats to assess single dose diuretic
activity in observing the effect of same on urinary volume and products of metabolism
(urea and creatinine) and assess the multiple-dose diuretic activity by observing the
effect on the urinary volume and urinary excretion of electrolytes sodium (Na +) and
potassium (K +), and also in Wistar rats and mice Swiss to test its acute oral toxicity
following the Guide 423 (OECD), in which the animals were observed for 14 days
after single administration of 2000mg/kg of extract, including this test the
histopathological study of heart, lung, kidneys, liver, spleen, pancreas and intestines.
The aqueous extract of cock-spur in their three doses (70, 200 and 600 mg/kg) did
not submit multiple dose diuretic activity and only because it has not increased the
excretion of water, electrolytes and metabolites of neither. The extract was framed in
the class 5 (substance with Ld50 more than 2000 mg/kg and less than 5000 mg/kg),
being considered of low toxicity, but histopathological findings cardiotoxicity and
nephrotoxicity suggested does not extract any acute oral toxicity test (2000mg/kg),
with an increase of absolut weight from the kidney and heart of male rats and mices
treated with the extract and microscopic examination of kidney of male rats showing
marked presence of cylinder hialinos no glomerulus.<br>A Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sargent é uma espécie comumente conhecida por
esporão-de-galo, pertencente à família Ulmaceae e caracterizada como arbusto ou
pequena árvore, com ramos compridos e muito flexíveis. É utilizada para o
tratamento de infecções urinárias, rins (cálculos renais e pielonefrite) e como
diurética. Relatos populares no estado de Goiás indicam o uso do esporão-de-galo
na forma de chá de suas folhas. O Extrato aquoso de C. iguananea foi testado em
ratos Wistar para avaliar a atividade diurética em dose única observando o efeito do
mesmo sobre o volume urinário e produtos do metabolismo (ureia e creatinina) e
avaliar a atividade diurética em dose múltipla observando o efeito sobre o volume
urinário e na excreção urinária de eletrólitos sódio (Na+) e potássio (K+), e também
em ratos Wistar e camundongos Swiss para testar sua toxicidade oral aguda
seguindo o Guia 423 (OECD), em que os animais foram observados durante 14 dias
após administração única de 2000mg/kg do extrato, incluindo neste teste o estudo
histopatológico do coração, pulmão, rins, fígado, baço, pâncreas e instestinos
delgado e grosso. O Extrato aquoso de esporão- de- galo nas suas três doses (70,
200 e 600 mg/kg) não apresentou atividade diurética em doses múltipla e única, pois
não aumentou a excreção de água, metabólitos e nem dos eletrólitos. O extrato foi
enquadrado na Classe 5 (substância com DL50 superior a 2000 mg/kg e menor que
5000 mg/kg), sendo considerado de baixa toxicidade, mas achados histopatológicos
sugeriram nefrotoxicidade e cardiotoxicidade do extrato no teste de toxicidade oral
aguda (2000mg/kg), com aumento de peso absoluto dos rins e do coração de ratos e
camundongos machos tratados com o extrato e exame microscópico de rins de ratos
machos apresentando acentuada presença de cilindros hialinos no glomérulo.
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PUCCI, Liuba Laxor. "AVALIAÇÃO DA TOXICIDADE ORAL AGUDA E DAS ATIVIDADES DIURÉTICA E ANTIOXIDANTE, DA Rudgea viburnoides (CHAM.) BENTH. (CONGONHA-DE-BUGRE)." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/2126.
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Previous issue date: 2009-06-16<br>The Rudgea viburnoides (Cham.) Benth. (Rubiaceae), popularly known as
"congonha, congonha-de-Bugre or Bugre" is used in folk medicine as diuretic,
hypotensive, anti-rheumatic and depurative of blood (leaves tea). This species is
being traded as "porangaba" and used in weight loss programs. This work aimed to
study the acute toxicity, the diuretic and antioxidant activities of R. viburnoides. The
test for acute toxicity in single dose was performed with the ethanolic crude extract,
administered orally, at concentrations of 2000mg/kg and 5000mg/kg in mice and rats
of both sexes by the testo of Class.To test for diuretic activity in rats, it was used the
crude ethanolic extract of the leaves at concentrations of 40mg/kg, 80mg/kg and
160mg/kg, and furosemide 20mg/kg as positive control. The determination of total
phenols of the crude extract and fractions (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate
and methanol/water) was performed by the method of Butler and Hargerman and
the evaluation of antioxidant activity performed by the method of 2,2-diphenyl-1-
picryl -hidrazil (DPPH). There was no acute toxicity of crude ethanolic extract of the
leaves and it was classified as non toxic.The results has shown that the ethanolic
extract presented dependent dose diuretic effect higher than furosemide, used as
positive control. The crude ethanolic extract showed 0.84% of total phenols, the
fraction hexanic 0.44%, the dichloromethane fraction 1.91%, the fraction of ethyl
acetate fraction 15.43% and the fraction methanol/water 7.92%. The ethyl acetate
fraction showed better antioxidant action. The results obtained so far may justify the
popular use of Rudgea viburnoides as diuretic<br>A Rudgea viburnoides (Cham.) Benth. (Rubiaceae), popularmente conhecida
como congonha, congonha-de-bugre ou bugre , é utilizada na medicina popular
como diurética, hipotensora, anti-reumática e depurativa do sangue (chá das
folhas). Essa espécie vem sendo comercializada como porangaba e utilizada em
regimes de emagrecimento. Este trabalho teve como objetivos estudar a toxicidade
aguda e as atividades diurética e antioxidante da R. viburnoides. O teste de
toxicidade aguda, em dose única, foi realizado com o extrato etanólico bruto,
administrado por via oral, nas concentrações de 2000 mg/kg e 5000 mg/kg em
camundongos e ratos, de ambos os sexos pelo teste de Classe. Para o teste de
atividade diurética, em ratas, utilizou-se o extrato etanólico bruto das folhas nas
concentrações de 40 mg/kg, 80 mg/kg e 160 mg/kg e a furosemida 20 mg/kg como
controle positivo. O doseamento dos fenóis totais do extrato bruto e das frações
(hexânico, diclorometano, acetato de etila e metanol/água) foi realizado pelo
método de Hagerman e Butler e a avaliação da atividade antioxidante realizada
pelo método do 2,2-difenil-1-picril-hidrazil (DPPH). Os resultados possibitaram
concluir que o extrato etanólico bruto das folhas não provocou toxicidade aguda nas
doses testadas, podendo ser classificado como atóxico; que o extrato etanólico
apresentou efeito diurético dose dependente e superior à furosemida utilizada como
controle positivo. O extrato etanólico bruto apresentou 0,84% de fenóis totais, a
fração hexânica 0,44%, a fração diclorometano 1,91%, a fração acetato de etila
15,43% e a fração metanol/água 7,92%. A fração acetato de etila apresentou
melhor ação antioxidante. Os resultados obtidos até o momento podem justificar a
utilização popular da Rudgea viburnoides como diurética
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PEREIRA, Marcelo Elias. "Avaliação pré clínica da toxicidade aguda e da atividade diurética oral do extrato aquoso bruto das folhas da palicourea coriacea (cham.) k. Schum (Rubiaceae) douradinha do campo." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/2106.
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Previous issue date: 2011-08-29<br>Palicourea coriacea (Cham.) K. Schum, known as douradinha or douradinha-docampo,
is a plant of Cerrado in the form of sub-shrubs with yellow flowers, belonging
to the Rubiaceae family. Its leaves are used in preparations of home remedies in the
form of teas, to treat kidney stones, inflammation / infection of the urethra, kidneys,
bladder, and as a diuretic. This study aimed to evaluate the acute toxicity in rats and
mice, as well as the diuretic activity in rats of the crude aqueous extract of dried
leaves Palicourea coriacea (EABLPC). The acute oral toxicity EABLPC was
investigated according to OECD 423. To evaluate the diuretic activity three groups of
rats received doses of EABLPC (80, 160 and 320 mg / kg), one group received only
saline solution, and another received furosemide (20 mg / kg) administered by
gavage for eight days, being made volume measurement and evaluation of urinary
concentrations of electrolytes (Na+, K+ and Cl-), creatinine and urea in urine and
blood. The extract did not develop signs of toxicity or mortality in animals and found
no pathological changes. In the evaluation of diuretic activity observed - an increase
in urinary volume, water consumption and excretion of electrolytes, mice treated with
EABLPC, compared to untreated, but not statistically significant differences were
detected in blood samples. The results showed that the extract belongs to Class 5
(Substances with LD50 greater than 2000 mg / kg), being considered of low toxicity.
The increase in urine volume, water consumption and excretion of electrolytes
confirmed the diuretic activity of EABLPC. This study confirmed the use of
ethnopharmacological EABLPC.<br>Palicourea coriacea (Cham.) K. Schum, conhecida como douradinha ou douradinhado-
campo, é uma planta do Cerrado, na forma de subarbustos com flores amarelas,
pertencente à família Rubiaceae. Suas folhas são utilizadas em preparações de
remédios caseiros na forma de chás, no tratamento de cálculos renais,
inflamação/infecção de uretra, rins, bexiga e como diurético. O presente trabalho
teve como objetivos avaliar a toxicidade aguda em ratos e camundongos, bem
como, a atividade diurética em ratos do extrato aquoso bruto liofilizado das folhas de
Palicourea coriacea (EABLPC). A toxicidade aguda oral do EABLPC foi investigada
de acordo com a OECD 423. Para avaliação da atividade diurética três grupos de
ratos receberam doses de EALPC (80, 160 e 320 mg/kg), um grupo recebeu apenas
solução salina e outro recebeu furosemida (20 mg/kg), administradas durante oito
dias por gavagem, sendo feita a medição do volume urinário e a avaliação das
concentrações de eletrólitos (Na+, K+ e Cl-), creatinina e uréia, na urina e no sangue.
O extrato não desenvolveu sinais de toxicidade ou letalidade nos animais e não
foram encontradas alterações histopatológicas. Na avaliação da atividade diurética
observou - se um aumento do volume urinário, do consumo de água e da excreção
dos eletrólitos, dos ratos tratados com EABLPC, em relação aos não tratados, mas
não foram detectadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas nas amostras de
sangue. Os resultados demonstraram que o extrato pertence à Classe 5
(substâncias com DL50 superior a 2000 mg/kg), sendo considerada de baixa
toxicidade. O aumento do volume urinário, do consumo de água e da excreção de
eletrólitos comprovou a atividade diurética do EABLPC. O presente estudo confirmou
o uso etnofarmacológico do EABLPC.
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Wright, Nicola Anne. "Central effects of antihypertensive drugs in man : pharmacological modification of the electrical activity of the brain and changes in alertness." Thesis, Open University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336975.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Diuretic activity"
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Hart, Susan Emeigh. "Diuretic and Saluretic Activity." In Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Pharmacological Assays. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27728-3_17-1.
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Hart, Susan Emeigh. "Diuretic and Saluretic Activity." In Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Pharmacological Assays. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05392-9_17.
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Holland, O. B. "Diuretic-Induced Ventricular Ectopic Activity in Hypertensive Patients." In Diuretika III. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71487-0_9.
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Shobha, S., A. Sreedevi, and K. Sai Sruthi. "Pharmacological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies of Sorghum bicolor for Diuretic Activity." In Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1941-0_54.
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Tramonti, G., C. Donadio, M. Bonadio, P. Lorusso, and C. Bianchi. "Indapamide: Antihypertensive Activity and Renal Effects." In Diuretics: Basic, Pharmacological, and Clinical Aspects. Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2067-8_61.
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Tessitore, Nicola, Ruggero Panebianco, and Giuseppe Maschio. "Effect of Indomethacin on the Saluretic Activity of Bumetanide." In Diuretics: Basic, Pharmacological, and Clinical Aspects. Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2067-8_144.
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Bandiera, F., P. Dessi’-Fulgheri, P. Madeddu, et al. "Role of Renal Prostaglandins in Mediating the Activity of Muzolimine in Man." In Diuretics: Basic, Pharmacological, and Clinical Aspects. Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2067-8_145.
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Kiil, F., A. Hartmann, H. Langberg, O. M. Sejersted, and M. Ree Holthe. "Relationship between Na,K-ATPse Activity and Transcellular Nacl Reabsorption in Dog Kidneys." In Diuretics: Basic, Pharmacological, and Clinical Aspects. Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2067-8_19.
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Dessi’-Fulgheri, P., F. Bandiera, M. Oppes, et al. "Antihypertensive Activity and Tolerability of Thiobutizide Alone or in Fixed Combination with Potassium Canrenoate in Essential Hypertension." In Diuretics: Basic, Pharmacological, and Clinical Aspects. Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2067-8_70.
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"10 Diuretic activity assay." In Bioassay Techniques for Drug Development. CRC Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9780203304532-17.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Diuretic activity"
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Asaji, T., E. Murakami, N. Takekoshi, S. Matsui, and T. Imaoka. "EFFECT OF ATRIAL NATRIURETIC POLYPEPTIDES ON PLATELET FUNCTION." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644872.
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Atrial natriuretic polypeptides (ANP) have been shown to possess a potent diuretic and natriuretic activity, and medicated to patients with heart insufficiency as a drug to be mediated by cGMPaccumulation in glomeruli. A existence of receptors for ANP have recently beenreported in human platelet. But, whether ANP has a direct effect on platelet function remains to be known.Single stimulation of ANP in any concentration did not induce aggregation in neither platelet rich plasma, nor washed platelets. Also no effect of pretreatment with ANP was observed against aggregation triggered by known mediators of platelet activation (Thrombin, ADP, Epinephrine, Collagen) using platelet rich plasma and washed platelets.Therefore, biochemical parameters such as cyclic nucleotides (cAMP, cGMP), phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis and protein phosphorylation, leading to the early stage of platelet activation were examined to investigate the effect of ANP in receptor linked transducing mechanism. Neither cyclic nucleotides accumulation nor [32 P] phosphatidic acid production were detected in platelets treated with ANP. ANP caused a small increase of 32P incorporation into M 30K protein, but no change on the level of phosphorylation of 47K, 20K protein (Imaoka, T. and Haslam, R.J., J.Biol.Chem.258,11404, 1983) was observed.These results clearly suggested thatANP binding with membrane receptor was not linked with adenylate cyclase, ganulate cyclase and phosphatidylinositol phosphate turnover in human platelet, maybe because of too few numbers of ANP receptor. Mechanism of 30K protein phosphorylation and Ca++ mobilization are important subjects for future study, (supported by MESC of Japan)