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Journal articles on the topic 'Division cellulaire orientée'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

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1

de Keijzer, Jeroen, Alejandra Freire Rios, and Viola Willemsen. "Physcomitrium patens: A Single Model to Study Oriented Cell Divisions in 1D to 3D Patterning." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 5 (2021): 2626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052626.

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Development in multicellular organisms relies on cell proliferation and specialization. In plants, both these processes critically depend on the spatial organization of cells within a tissue. Owing to an absence of significant cellular migration, the relative position of plant cells is virtually made permanent at the moment of division. Therefore, in numerous plant developmental contexts, the (divergent) developmental trajectories of daughter cells are dependent on division plane positioning in the parental cell. Prior to and throughout division, specific cellular processes inform, establish a

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2

Concha, M. L., and R. J. Adams. "Oriented cell divisions and cellular morphogenesis in the zebrafish gastrula and neurula: a time-lapse analysis." Development 125, no. 6 (1998): 983–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.125.6.983.

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We have taken advantage of the optical transparency of zebrafish embryos to investigate the patterns of cell division, movement and shape during early stages of development of the central nervous system. The surface-most epiblast cells of gastrula and neurula stage embryos were imaged and analysed using a computer-based, time-lapse acquisition system attached to a differential interference contrast (DIC) microscope. We find that the onset of gastrulation is accompanied by major changes in cell behaviour. Cells collect into a cohesive sheet, apparently losing independent motility and integratin

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Hart, Kevin C., Jiongyi Tan, Kathleen A. Siemers, et al. "E-cadherin and LGN align epithelial cell divisions with tissue tension independently of cell shape." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 29 (2017): E5845—E5853. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1701703114.

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Tissue morphogenesis requires the coordinated regulation of cellular behavior, which includes the orientation of cell division that defines the position of daughter cells in the tissue. Cell division orientation is instructed by biochemical and mechanical signals from the local tissue environment, but how those signals control mitotic spindle orientation is not fully understood. Here, we tested how mechanical tension across an epithelial monolayer is sensed to orient cell divisions. Tension across Madin–Darby canine kidney cell monolayers was increased by a low level of uniaxial stretch, which

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Kimmel, C. B., R. M. Warga, and D. A. Kane. "Cell cycles and clonal strings during formation of the zebrafish central nervous system." Development 120, no. 2 (1994): 265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.120.2.265.

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Cell lineage analysis of central nervous system progenitors during gastrulation and early segmentation in the zebrafish reveals consistent coupling of specific morphogenetic behaviors with particular cell cycles. Cells in single clones divide very synchronously. Cell divisions become progressively oriented, and act synergistically with oriented intercalations during the interphases of zygotic cell cycles 15 and 16 to extend a single lineage into a long, discontinuous string of cells aligned with the nascent embryonic axis. Dorsalwards convergence brings the string to the midline and, once ther

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Torres-Ruiz, R. A., and G. Jurgens. "Mutations in the FASS gene uncouple pattern formation and morphogenesis in Arabidopsis development." Development 120, no. 10 (1994): 2967–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.120.10.2967.

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The pattern of cell division is very regular in Arabidopsis embryogenesis, enabling seedling structures to be traced back to groups of cells in the early embryo. Recessive mutations in the FASS gene alter the pattern of cell division from the zygote, without interfering with embryonic pattern formation: although no primordia of seedling structures can be recognised by morphological criteria at the early-heart stage, all elements of the body pattern are differentiated in the seedling. fass seedlings are strongly compressed in the apical-basal axis and enlarged circumferentially, notably in the

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Kaucka, Marketa, Evgeny Ivashkin, Daniel Gyllborg, et al. "Analysis of neural crest–derived clones reveals novel aspects of facial development." Science Advances 2, no. 8 (2016): e1600060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600060.

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Cranial neural crest cells populate the future facial region and produce ectomesenchyme-derived tissues, such as cartilage, bone, dermis, smooth muscle, adipocytes, and many others. However, the contribution of individual neural crest cells to certain facial locations and the general spatial clonal organization of the ectomesenchyme have not been determined. We investigated how neural crest cells give rise to clonally organized ectomesenchyme and how this early ectomesenchyme behaves during the developmental processes that shape the face. Using a combination of mouse and zebrafish models, we a

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Wong, Margaret N., Timothy P. Nguyen, Ting-Hsuan Chen, et al. "Preferred mitotic orientation in pattern formation by vascular mesenchymal cells." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 303, no. 12 (2012): H1411—H1417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00625.2012.

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Cellular self-organization is essential to physiological tissue and organ development. We previously observed that vascular mesenchymal cells, a multipotent subpopulation of aortic smooth muscle cells, self-organize into macroscopic, periodic patterns in culture. The patterns are produced by cells gathering into raised aggregates in the shape of nodules or ridges. To determine whether these patterns are accounted for by an oriented pattern of cell divisions or postmitotic relocation of cells, we acquired time-lapse, videomicrographic phase-contrast, and fluorescence images during self-organiza

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8

Wick, S. M. "Microtubules in plant cell division." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 47 (August 6, 1989): 758–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100155761.

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Immunofluorescence microscopy has proven to be a valuable accompaniment to electron microscopy for study of the cytoskeleton of plant cells. Whereas electron microscopy provides greater resolution and details of the spatial relationships of the cytoskeleton to other cellular components, fluorescence visualization makes it possible to see the three-dimensional organization of cytoskeletal elements without laborious reconstruction of views from serial sections. An area in which immunofluorescence microscopy has been useful is the investigation of how plant cells organize and position the various

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9

Ling, Ji, Maria Sckaff, Manisha Tiwari, et al. "RAS-mediated suppression of PAR3 and its effects on SCC initiation and tissue architecture occur independently of hyperplasia." Journal of Cell Science 133, no. 23 (2020): jcs249102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.249102.

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ABSTRACTProper epithelial development and homeostasis depends on strict control of oriented cell division. Current evidence shows that this process is regulated by intrinsic polarity factors and external spatial cues. Owing to the lack of an appropriate model system that can recapitulate the architecture of the skin, deregulation of spindle orientation in human epithelial carcinoma has never been investigated. Here, using an inducible model of human squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), we demonstrate that RAS-dependent suppression of PAR3 (encoded by PARD3) accelerates epithelial disorganization dur

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Crittenden, Sarah L., Kimberly A. Leonhard, Dana T. Byrd, and Judith Kimble. "Cellular Analyses of the Mitotic Region in the Caenorhabditis elegans Adult Germ Line." Molecular Biology of the Cell 17, no. 7 (2006): 3051–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e06-03-0170.

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The Caenorhabditis elegans germ line provides a model for understanding how signaling from a stem cell niche promotes continued mitotic divisions at the expense of differentiation. Here we report cellular analyses designed to identify germline stem cells within the germline mitotic region of adult hermaphrodites. Our results support several conclusions. First, all germ cells within the mitotic region are actively cycling, as visualized by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling. No quiescent cells were found. Second, germ cells in the mitotic region lose BrdU label uniformly, either by movement of l

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11

Fanwoua, Julienne, Pieter de Visser, Ep Heuvelink, et al. "Response of Cell Division and Cell Expansion to Local Fruit Heating in Tomato Fruit." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 137, no. 5 (2012): 294–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.137.5.294.

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To improve our understanding of fruit growth responses to temperature, it is important to analyze temperature effects on underlying fruit cellular processes. This study aimed at analyzing the response of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit size to heating as affected by changes in cell number and cell expansion in different directions. Individual trusses were enclosed into cuvettes and heating was applied either only during the first 7 days after anthesis (DAA), from 7 DAA until fruit maturity (breaker stage), or both. Fruit size and histological characteristics in the pericarp were measured.

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Mathias, Sonja, Igor Adameyko, Andreas Hellander, and Jochen Kursawe. "Contributions of cell behavior to geometric order in embryonic cartilage." PLOS Computational Biology 19, no. 11 (2023): e1011658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011658.

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During early development, cartilage provides shape and stability to the embryo while serving as a precursor for the skeleton. Correct formation of embryonic cartilage is hence essential for healthy development. In vertebrate cranial cartilage, it has been observed that a flat and laterally extended macroscopic geometry is linked to regular microscopic structure consisting of tightly packed, short, transversal clonar columns. However, it remains an ongoing challenge to identify how individual cells coordinate to successfully shape the tissue, and more precisely which mechanical interactions and

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13

Hoops, H. J. "Flagellar, cellular and organismal polarity in Volvox carteri." Journal of Cell Science 104, no. 1 (1993): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.104.1.105.

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It has previously been shown that the flagellar apparatus of the mature Volvox carteri somatic cell lacks the 180° rotational symmetry typical of most unicellular green algae. This asymmetry has been postulated to be the result of rotation of each half of the flagellar apparatus. Here it is shown that V. carteri axonemes contain polarity markers that are similar to those found in Chlamydomonas, except that in V. carteri the number one doublets do not face each other as they do in Chlamydomonas but are oriented in parallel and at approximately right angles to the line that connects the flagella

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Jacobs, C. W., A. E. Adams, P. J. Szaniszlo, and J. R. Pringle. "Functions of microtubules in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell cycle." Journal of Cell Biology 107, no. 4 (1988): 1409–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.107.4.1409.

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We used the inhibitor nocodazole in conjunction with immunofluorescence and electron microscopy to investigate microtubule function in the yeast cell cycle. Under appropriate conditions, this drug produced a rapid and essentially complete disassembly of cytoplasmic and intranuclear microtubules, accompanied by a rapid and essentially complete block of cellular and nuclear division. These effects were similar to, but more profound than, the effects of the related drug methyl benzimidazole carbamate (MBC). In the nocodazole-treated cells, the selection of nonrandom budding sites, the formation o

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Burg, Max F., Santiago A. Cadena, George H. Denfield, et al. "Learning divisive normalization in primary visual cortex." PLOS Computational Biology 17, no. 6 (2021): e1009028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009028.

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Divisive normalization (DN) is a prominent computational building block in the brain that has been proposed as a canonical cortical operation. Numerous experimental studies have verified its importance for capturing nonlinear neural response properties to simple, artificial stimuli, and computational studies suggest that DN is also an important component for processing natural stimuli. However, we lack quantitative models of DN that are directly informed by measurements of spiking responses in the brain and applicable to arbitrary stimuli. Here, we propose a DN model that is applicable to arbi

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16

Kubai, D. F. "Nonrandom chromosome arrangements in germ line nuclei of Sciara coprophila males: the basis for nonrandom chromosome segregation on the meiosis I spindle." Journal of Cell Biology 105, no. 6 (1987): 2433–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.105.6.2433.

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Meiosis I in males of the Dipteran Sciara coprophila results in the nonrandom distribution of maternally and paternally derived chromosome sets to the two division products. Based on an earlier study (Kubai, D.F. 1982. J. Cell Biol. 93:655-669), I suggested that the meiosis I spindle does not play a direct role in the nonrandom sorting of chromosomes but that, instead, haploid sets are already separated in prophase nuclei well before the onset of spindle formation. Here I report more direct evidence that this hypothesis is true; this evidence was gained from ultrastructural reconstruction anal

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Cantarero Navarro, Rubén, Ana Rubio Ruiz, Javier Dorado Chaparro, et al. "A Proposal for Modeling Indoor–Outdoor Spaces through IndoorGML, Open Location Code and OpenStreetMap." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 3 (2020): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9030169.

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Traditionally, the standards of spatial modeling are oriented to represent the quantitative information of space. However, in recent years an increasingly common challenge is appearing: flexibly and appropriately integrating quantitative information that goes beyond the purely geometric. This problem has been aggravated due to the success of new paradigms such as the Internet of Things. This adds an additional challenge to the representation of this information due to the need to represent characteristic information of the space from different points of view in a model, such as WiFi coverage,

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18

Kim, Nam-Hyung, Seong Koo Cho, Seok Hwa Choi, Eun Young Kim, Se Pill Park, and Jin Ho Lim. "The distribution and requirements of microtubules and microfilaments in bovine oocytes during in vitro maturation." Zygote 8, no. 1 (2000): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0967199400000794.

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Microtubules and microfilaments are major cytoskeletal components and important modulators for chromosomal movement and cellular division in mammalian oocytes. In this study we observed microtubule and microfilament organisation in bovine oocytes by laser scanning confocal microscopy, and determined requirements of their assembly during in vitro maturation. After germinal vesicle breakdown, small microtubular asters were observed near the condensed chromatin. The asters appeared to elongate and encompass condensed chromatin particles. At the metaphase stage, microtubules were observed in the s

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Zaidel, Benjamin M., Ori Shental, and Shlomo Shamai (Shitz). "Beyond Equal-Power Sparse NOMA: Two User Classes and Closed-Form Bounds on the Achievable Region." Entropy 24, no. 2 (2022): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24020227.

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Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a promising technology for future beyond-5G wireless networks, whose fundamental information-theoretic limits are yet to be fully explored. Considering regular sparse code-domain NOMA (with a fixed and finite number of orthogonal resources allocated to any designated user and vice versa), this paper extends previous results by the authors to a setting comprising two classes of users with different power constraints. Explicit rigorous closed-form analytical inner and outer bounds on the achievable rate (total class throughput) region in the large-system

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Benabdallah, Mohammed, Oualid Talhi, Fatiha Nouali, Nouredine Choukchou-Braham, Khaldoun Bachari, and Artur M. S. Silva. "Advances in Spirocyclic Hybrids: Chemistry and Medicinal Actions." Current Medicinal Chemistry 25, no. 31 (2018): 3748–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867325666180309124821.

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The present review deals with the progress in medicinal chemistry of spirocyclic compounds, a wider class of natural and synthetic organic molecules, defined as a hybrid of two molecular entities covalently linked via a unique tetrahedral carbon. This spiro central carbon confers to the molecules a tridimensional structurally oriented framework, which is found in many medicinally relevant compounds, a well-known example is the antihypertensive spironolactone. Various bioactive natural products possess the privileged spiro linkage and different chemo-types thereof become synthetically accessibl

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Babayeva, Sima, Yulia Zilber, and Elena Torban. "Planar cell polarity pathway regulates actin rearrangement, cell shape, motility, and nephrin distribution in podocytes." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 300, no. 2 (2011): F549—F560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00566.2009.

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Glomerular podocytes are highly polarized cells characterized by dynamic actin-based foot processes (FPs). Neighboring FPs form specialized junctions, slit diaphragms (SDs), which prevent passage of proteins into the ultrafiltrate. The SD protein complex is linked to cytoskeletal actin filaments and mutations in SD proteins lead to a dramatic change in cell morphology; proteinuria is accompanied by FP retraction and loss of SD structure. Thus, organization of the podocyte cytoskeleton is tightly linked to filtration barrier function. In a variety of cell systems, cytoskeleton arrangement is re

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Vitrinel, Burcu, Christine Vogel, and Lionel Christiaen. "Ring Finger 149-Related Is an FGF/MAPK-Independent Regulator of Pharyngeal Muscle Fate Specification." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 10 (2023): 8865. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24108865.

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During embryonic development, cell-fate specification gives rise to dedicated lineages that underlie tissue formation. In olfactores, which comprise tunicates and vertebrates, the cardiopharyngeal field is formed by multipotent progenitors of both cardiac and branchiomeric muscles. The ascidian Ciona is a powerful model to study cardiopharyngeal fate specification with cellular resolution, as only two bilateral pairs of multipotent cardiopharyngeal progenitors give rise to the heart and to the pharyngeal muscles (also known as atrial siphon muscles, ASM). These progenitors are multilineage pri

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Bilgin, Adem. "Elhik’s Metamathematics and the robot Philia: Internet Communication Protocol Modelling of Observeds according to Observers." European Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning 1, no. 2 (2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejai.2022.1.2.3.

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Like all robot and IoT oriented mathematical studies this study is also transdisciplinary however most of the study remains in the field of mathematics and philosophy of mathematics due to the aim of mathematical modelling of the observations: a) protein synthesis by the information encoded in DNA and b) communication protocols of hacking software with encryption of IP of computers c) the process of DNA duplication to offspring formation in asexual and sexual reproduction. The ultimate mathematical aim of this study is providing a metamathematical approach for different types of mathematics to

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Tamplin, Owen J., Ellen M. Durand, Logan A. Carr, Sarah J. Childs, Elliott H. Hagedorn, and Leonard I. Zon. "High Resolution Imaging Reveals Hematopoietic Stem Cells in the Perivascular Niche Are Anchored to Mesenchymal Stromal Cells That Orient Their Divisions." Blood 124, no. 21 (2014): 770. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.770.770.

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Abstract Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) reside in a highly structured microenvironment called the niche. There is two-way communication between a stem cell and its niche that determines important cell fate decisions. HSC must remain quiescent to persist throughout life but also divide and contribute progenitors that will replenish the blood supply. Although there have been a number of elegant studies that have imaged the mammalian bone marrow, we still lack a high-resolution real-time view of endogenous HSC behaviors and interactions within the niche. To overcome these challenges, we developed

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Bradner, James, Yong-Son Kim, Angela Koehler, et al. "Identification and Characterization of Novel Small-Molecule Inhibitors of the Replication Checkpoint." Blood 104, no. 11 (2004): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.763.763.

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Abstract Background The replication (G2/M) checkpoint is principally mediated by the serine/threonine protein kinase ATR (ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related). ATR is a large (350 kD) member of the phosphatidylinositol kinase related kinase family. After exposure to genotoxic or replication stress, ATR halts cell cycle progression, allowing DNA repair complexes time enough to restore the fidelity of the genome prior to cell division. Previous experiments have demonstrated that cancer cells with p53 mutation are critically dependent on ATR-mediated arrest of the cell cycle. Industria

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Donà, Federico, Susanna Eli, and Marina Mapelli. "Insights Into Mechanisms of Oriented Division From Studies in 3D Cellular Models." Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 10 (March 9, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.847801.

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In multicellular organisms, epithelial cells are key elements of tissue organization. In developing tissues, cellular proliferation and differentiation are under the tight regulation of morphogenetic programs, that ensure the correct organ formation and functioning. In these processes, mitotic rates and division orientation are crucial in regulating the velocity and the timing of the forming tissue. Division orientation, specified by mitotic spindle placement with respect to epithelial apico-basal polarity, controls not only the partitioning of cellular components but also the positioning of t

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Li, Yuwei, Ang Li, Jason Junge, and Marianne Bronner. "Planar cell polarity signaling coordinates oriented cell division and cell rearrangement in clonally expanding growth plate cartilage." eLife 6 (October 10, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/elife.23279.

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Both oriented cell divisions and cell rearrangements are critical for proper embryogenesis and organogenesis. However, little is known about how these two cellular events are integrated. Here we examine the linkage between these processes in chick limb cartilage. By combining retroviral-based multicolor clonal analysis with live imaging, the results show that single chondrocyte precursors can generate both single-column and multi-column clones through oriented division followed by cell rearrangements. Focusing on single column formation, we show that this stereotypical tissue architecture is e

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Cepeda, Rodrigo E., John B. Terraza, Renato V. Pardo, Valentina Núñez-Pascual, Marco Mundaca-Escobar, and Andres F. Sarrazin. "Spatiotemporal variation in cell proliferation patterns during arthropod axial elongation." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79373-0.

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AbstractAn elongated and segmented body plan is a common morphological characteristic of all arthropods and is probably responsible for their high adaptation ability to diverse environments. Most arthropods form their bodies by progressively adding segments, resembling vertebrate somitogenesis. This sequential segmentation relies on a molecular clock that operates in the posterior region of the elongating embryo that combines dynamically with cellular behaviors and tissue rearrangements, allowing the extension of the developing body along its main embryonic axis. Even though the molecular mech

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Popkova, Anna, Matteo Rauzi, and Xiaobo Wang. "Cellular and Supracellular Planar Polarity: A Multiscale Cue to Elongate the Drosophila Egg Chamber." Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 9 (March 2, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.645235.

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Tissue elongation is known to be controlled by oriented cell division, elongation, migration and rearrangement. While these cellular processes have been extensively studied, new emerging supracellular mechanisms driving tissue extension have recently been unveiled. Tissue rotation and actomyosin contractions have been shown to be key processes drivingDrosophilaegg chamber elongation. First, egg chamber rotation facilitates the dorsal-ventral alignment of the extracellular matrix and of the cell basal actin fibers. Both fiber-like structures form supracellular networks constraining the egg grow

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Müller, Sabine. "Update: On selected ROP cell polarity mechanisms in plant cell morphogenesis." Plant Physiology, April 18, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiad229.

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Abstract The unequal (asymmetric) distribution of cell structures and proteins within a cell is designated as cell polarity. Cell polarity is a crucial prerequisite for morphogenetic processes such as oriented cell division and directed cell expansion. Rho-related plants (ROPs) are required for cellular morphogenesis through the reorganization of the cytoskeleton and vesicle transport in various tissues. Here, I review recent advances in ROP-dependent tip growth, vesicle transport, and tip architecture. I report on the regulatory mechanisms of ROP upstream regulators found in different cell ty

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Luo, Yimin, Mengyang Gu, Minwook Park, et al. "Molecular-scale substrate anisotropy, crowding and division drive collective behaviours in cell monolayers." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 20, no. 204 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2023.0160.

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The ability of cells to reorganize in response to external stimuli is important in areas ranging from morphogenesis to tissue engineering. While nematic order is common in biological tissues, it typically only extends to small regions of cells interacting via steric repulsion. On isotropic substrates, elongated cells can co-align due to steric effects, forming ordered but randomly oriented finite-size domains. However, we have discovered that flat substrates with nematic order can induce global nematic alignment of dense, spindle-like cells, thereby influencing cell organization and collective

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Pan, Xue, Patricio Pérez-Henríquez, Jaimie M. Van Norman, and Zhenbiao Yang. "Membrane Nanodomains: Dynamic Nanobuilding Blocks of Polarized Cell Growth." Plant Physiology, May 17, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiad288.

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Abstract Cell polarity is intimately linked to numerous biological processes, such as oriented plant cell division, particular asymmetric division, cell differentiation, cell and tissue morphogenesis, and transport of hormones and nutrients. Cell polarity is typically initiated by a polarizing cue that regulates the spatiotemporal dynamic of polarity molecules, leading to the establishment and maintenance of polar domains at the plasma membrane (PM). Despite considerable progress in identifying key polarity regulators in plants, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying cell polarity fo

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Rudall, Paula J. "Stomatal development and orientation – a phylogenetic and ecophysiological perspective." Annals of Botany, June 8, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcad071.

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Abstract Background Oriented patterning of epidermal cells is achieved primarily by transverse protodermal cell divisions perpendicular to the organ axis, followed by axial cell elongation. In linear leaves with parallel venation, most stomata are regularly aligned with the veins. This longitudinal patterning operates under a strong developmental constraint and has demonstrable physiological benefits, especially in grasses. However, transversely oriented stomata characterise a few groups, both among living angiosperms and extinct Mesozoic seed plants. Scope This review examines comparative and

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Fujiwara, Motohiro, Tatsuaki Goh, Satoru Tsugawa, Keiji Nakajima, Hidehiro Fukaki, and Koichi Fujimoto. "Tissue growth constrains root organ outlines into an isometrically scalable shape." Development 148, no. 4 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.196253.

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ABSTRACT Organ morphologies are diverse but also conserved under shared developmental constraints among species. Any geometrical similarities in the shape behind diversity and the underlying developmental constraints remain unclear. Plant root tip outlines commonly exhibit a dome shape, which likely performs physiological functions, despite the diversity in size and cellular organization among distinct root classes and/or species. We carried out morphometric analysis of the primary roots of ten angiosperm species and of the lateral roots (LRs) of Arabidopsis, and found that each root outline w

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Rudolf, Mark A., Anna Andreeva, Christina E. Kim, et al. "Stiffening of Circumferential F-Actin Bands Correlates With Regenerative Failure and May Act as a Biomechanical Brake in the Mammalian Inner Ear." Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience 16 (May 4, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2022.859882.

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The loss of inner ear hair cells causes permanent hearing and balance deficits in humans and other mammals, but non-mammals recover after supporting cells (SCs) divide and replace hair cells. The proliferative capacity of mammalian SCs declines as exceptionally thick circumferential F-actin bands develop at their adherens junctions. We hypothesized that the reinforced junctions were limiting regenerative responses of mammalian SCs by impeding changes in cell shape and epithelial tension. Using micropipette aspiration and atomic force microscopy, we measured mechanical properties of utricles fr

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Sun, Kai, Miao Yu, Jiayu Wang, et al. "A Wnt10a-Notch signaling axis controls Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath cell behaviors during root furcation patterning." International Journal of Oral Science 16, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41368-024-00288-x.

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AbstractHuman with bi-allelic WNT10A mutations and epithelial Wnt10a knockout mice present enlarged pulp chamber and apical displacement of the root furcation of multi-rooted teeth, known as taurodontism; thus, indicating the critical role of Wnt10a in tooth root morphogenesis. However, the endogenous mechanism by which epithelial Wnt10a regulates Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath (HERS) cellular behaviors and contributes to root furcation patterning remains unclear. In this study, we found that HERS in the presumptive root furcating region failed to elongate at an appropriate horizontal level

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Hettinger, Zachary, Sophia Hu, Jianhua Xing, and Fabrisia Ambrosio. "Processing body accumulation in aged muscle stem cells contributes to impaired self-renewal." Physiology 38, S1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiol.2023.38.s1.5730160.

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Abstract:

Stem cell exhaustion is a pillar of aging hallmarks, mediated by an inability of the body’s stem cells to self-renew. In skeletal muscle, impaired self-renewal of muscle stem cells (MuSCs) manifests as a progressive decline in muscle regenerative capacities, leading to functional dependence in the aged. Self-renewal depends on preventing degradation of factors mediating pluripotency during division, thereby averting differentiation, however, mechanisms underlying the inability of MuSCs to self-renew in the aged are unknown. Here, we show processing bodies (p-bodies) accumulate in MuSCs isolate

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