Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / DNA; Chromosomes / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: DNA; Chromosomes.

Journal articles on the topic 'DNA; Chromosomes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'DNA; Chromosomes.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Csonka, E., I. Cserpan, K. Fodor, et al. "Novel generation of human satellite DNA-based artificial chromosomes in mammalian cells." Journal of Cell Science 113, no. 18 (2000): 3207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.113.18.3207.

Full text

Abstract:

An in vivo approach has been developed for generation of artificial chromosomes, based on the induction of intrinsic, large-scale amplification mechanisms of mammalian cells. Here, we describe the successful generation of prototype human satellite DNA-based artificial chromosomes via amplification-dependent de novo chromosome formations induced by integration of exogenous DNA sequences into the centromeric/rDNA regions of human acrocentric chromosomes. Subclones with mitotically stable de novo chromosomes were established, which allowed the initial characterization and purification of these ar

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Spell, R. M., and C. Holm. "Nature and distribution of chromosomal intertwinings in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 2 (1994): 1465–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.2.1465.

Full text

Abstract:

To elucidate yeast chromosome structure and behavior, we examined the breakage of entangled chromosomes in DNA topoisomerase II mutants by hybridization to chromosomal DNA resolved by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Our study reveals that large and small chromosomes differ in the nature and distribution of their intertwinings. Probes to large chromosomes (450 kb or larger) detect chromosome breakage, but probes to small chromosomes (380 kb or smaller) reveal no breakage products. Examination of chromosomes with one small arm and one large arm suggests that the two arms behave independently.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Spell, R. M., and C. Holm. "Nature and distribution of chromosomal intertwinings in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 2 (1994): 1465–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.2.1465-1476.1994.

Full text

Abstract:

To elucidate yeast chromosome structure and behavior, we examined the breakage of entangled chromosomes in DNA topoisomerase II mutants by hybridization to chromosomal DNA resolved by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Our study reveals that large and small chromosomes differ in the nature and distribution of their intertwinings. Probes to large chromosomes (450 kb or larger) detect chromosome breakage, but probes to small chromosomes (380 kb or smaller) reveal no breakage products. Examination of chromosomes with one small arm and one large arm suggests that the two arms behave independently.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Zadesenets, K. S., and N. B. Rubtsov. "Regions enriched for DNA repeats in chromosomes of Macrostomum mirumnovem, a species with a recent Whole Genome Duplication." Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding 24, no. 6 (2020): 636–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/vj20.657.

Full text

Abstract:

The free-living flatworm Macrostomum mirumnovem is a neopolyploid species whose genome underwent a recent Whole Genome Duplication (WGD). In the result of chromosome fusions of the ancient haploid chromosome set, large metacentric chromosomes were formed. In addition to three pairs of small metacentrics, the current karyotype of M. mirumnovem contains two pairs of large metacentric chromosomes, MMI1 and MMI2. The generation of microdissected DNA libraries enriched for DNA repeats followed by DNA probe preparation and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed. The DNA probes obtai

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Willhoeft, Ute, Jutta Mueller-Navia, and Gerald Franz. "Analysis of the sex chromosomes of the Mediterranean fruit fly by microdissected DNA probes." Genome 41, no. 1 (1998): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g97-102.

Full text

Abstract:

In the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, the sex-determining region maps to the long arm of the Y chromosome. DNA from this region of the Y chromosome and, for comparison, from the tip of the long arm of the X chromosome, was isolated by microdissection and amplified by degenerate oligonucleotide primer PCR (DOP-PCR). FISH of the Y-chromosomal microdissection products medY1-medY5 to mitotic chromosomes revealed hybridization signals on most of the long arm of the Y chromosome, including the male-determining region, and on the long arm of the X chromosome, as well as weaker signals o

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Rovatsos, Michail, Juan Alberto Marchal, Eva Giagia-Athanasopoulou, and Antonio Sánchez. "Molecular Composition of Heterochromatin and Its Contribution to Chromosome Variation in the Microtus thomasi/Microtus atticus Species Complex." Genes 12, no. 6 (2021): 807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12060807.

Full text

Abstract:

The voles of the Microtus thomasi/M. atticus species complex demonstrate a remarkable variability in diploid chromosomal number (2n = 38–44 chromosomes) and sex chromosome morphology. In the current study, we examined by in situ hybridization the topology of four satellite DNA motifs (Msat-160, Mth-Alu900, Mth-Alu2.2, TTAGGG telomeric sequences) and two transposons (LINE, SINE) on the karyotypes of nine chromosome races (i.e., populations with unique cytogenetic traits) of Microtus thomasi, and two chromosomal races of M. atticus. According to the topology of the repetitive DNA motifs, we were

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Scutt, Charles P., Yasuko Kamisugi, Philip M. Gilmartin, and Fukumi Sakai. "Laser isolation of plant sex chromosomes: studies on the DNA composition of the X and Y sex chromosomes of Silene latifolia." Genome 40, no. 5 (1997): 705–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g97-793.

Full text

Abstract:

X and Y sex chromosomes from the dioecious plant Silene latifolia (white campion) were isolated from mitotic metaphase chromosome preparations on polyester membranes. Autosomes were ablated using an argon ion laser microbeam and isolated sex chromosomes were then recovered on excised fragments of polyester membrane. Sex chromosome associated DNA sequences were amplified using the degenerate oligonucleotide primed polymerase chain reaction (DOP–PCR) and pools of DOP–PCR products were used to investigate the genomic organization of the S. latifolia sex chromosomes. The chromosomal locations of c

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Dvořák, J., H. B. Zhang, R. S. Kota, and M. Lassner. "Organization and evolution of the 5S ribosomal RNA gene family in wheat and related species." Genome 32, no. 6 (1989): 1003–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g89-545.

Full text

Abstract:

Variation in restriction fragments in nullisomic–tetrasomic and ditelosomic lines of Triticum aestivum 'Chinese Spring' and disomic and ditelosomic substitutions of chromosomes of diploid species Lophopyrum elongatum, T. monococcum ssp. aegilopoides, T. tauschii, and T. umbellulatum for 'Chinese Spring' chromosomes were used to identify chromosomal loci of 5S rRNA genes (5S DNA) in wheat and related species. These loci are on wheat chromosome arms 1BS, 1DS, 5AS, 5BS, and tentatively 5DS, T. m. aegilopoides chromosomes 1A and 5A, T. tauschii chromosomes 1D and 5D, and T. umbellulatum chromosome

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Iannucci, Alessio, Marie Altmanová, Claudio Ciofi, et al. "Isolating Chromosomes of the Komodo Dragon: New Tools for Comparative Mapping and Sequence Assembly." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 157, no. 1-2 (2019): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000496171.

Full text

Abstract:

We developed new tools to build a high-quality chromosomal map of the Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) available for cross-species phylogenomic analyses. First, we isolated chromosomes by flow sorting and determined the chromosome content of each flow karyotype peak by FISH. We then isolated additional Komodo dragon chromosomes by microdissection and amplified chromosome-specific DNA pools. The chromosome-specific DNA pools can be sequenced, assembled, and mapped by next-generation sequencing technology. The chromosome-specific paint probes can be used to investigate karyotype evolution thr

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Gottesdiener, K., J. Garciá-Anoveros, M. G. Lee, and L. H. Van der Ploeg. "Chromosome organization of the protozoan Trypanosoma brucei." Molecular and Cellular Biology 10, no. 11 (1990): 6079–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.10.11.6079.

Full text

Abstract:

The genome of the protozoan Trypanosoma brucei is known to be diploid. Karyotype analysis has, however, failed to identify homologous chromosomes. Having refined the technique for separating trypanosome chromosomes (L. H. T. Van der Ploeg, C. L. Smith, R. I. Polvere, and K. Gottesdiener, Nucleic Acids Res. 17:3217-3227, 1989), we can now provide evidence for the presence of homologous chromosomes. By determining the chromosomal location of different genetic markers, most of the chromosomes (14, excluding the minichromosomes), could be organized into seven chromosome pairs. In most instances, t

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Gottesdiener, K., J. Garciá-Anoveros, M. G. Lee, and L. H. Van der Ploeg. "Chromosome organization of the protozoan Trypanosoma brucei." Molecular and Cellular Biology 10, no. 11 (1990): 6079–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.10.11.6079-6083.1990.

Full text

Abstract:

The genome of the protozoan Trypanosoma brucei is known to be diploid. Karyotype analysis has, however, failed to identify homologous chromosomes. Having refined the technique for separating trypanosome chromosomes (L. H. T. Van der Ploeg, C. L. Smith, R. I. Polvere, and K. Gottesdiener, Nucleic Acids Res. 17:3217-3227, 1989), we can now provide evidence for the presence of homologous chromosomes. By determining the chromosomal location of different genetic markers, most of the chromosomes (14, excluding the minichromosomes), could be organized into seven chromosome pairs. In most instances, t

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Malimpensa, Geovana C., Josiane B. Traldi, Danyelle Toyama, Flávio Henrique-Silva, Marcelo R. Vicari, and Orlando Moreira-Filho. "Chromosomal Mapping of Repeat DNA in Bergiaria westermanni (Pimelodidae, Siluriformes): Localization of 45S rDNA in B Chromosomes." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 154, no. 2 (2018): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000487652.

Full text

Abstract:

The occurrence of repetitive DNA in autosomes and B chromosomes of Bergiaria westermanni was examined using conventional and molecular cytogenetic techniques. This species exhibited 2n = 56 chromosomes, with intra- and interindividual variation in the number of heterochromatic B chromosomes (from 0 to 4). The 5S rDNA was localized in pairs 1 and 5, and histone probes (H1, H3, and H4) and U2 small nuclear RNA were syntenic with 5S rDNA in pair 5. Histone sequences were also located in chromosome pair 14. The (GATA)n sequence was dispersed throughout the autosomes and B chromosomes, with cluster

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Valadares-Inglis, Maria Cléria, and John F. Peberdy. "Variation in the electrophoretic karyotype of Brazilian strains of Metarhizium anisopliae." Genetics and Molecular Biology 21, no. 1 (1998): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-47571998000100003.

Full text

Abstract:

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to separate chromosome-sized DNA molecules of four strains of Metarhizium anisopliae from Brazil. Metarhizium anisopliae isolates from Japan have been reported as possessing seven chromosomes. Variation was observed among the Brazilian strains and the chromosomal DNA was resolved into eight bands for strain CG46. Densitometric analysis of PFGE gels suggested that the other three Brazilian strains also possess eight chromosomes, with two chromosomes migrating as doublets under the electrophoretic conditions used. The genome size was estimated as

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Swedlow, Jason R., Neil Osheroff, Tim Karr, John W. Sedat, and David A. Agard. "The in vivo distribution and dynamics of DNA topoisomerase II in Drosophila embryonic nuclei and chromosomes." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 51 (August 1, 1993): 74–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100146217.

Full text

Abstract:

DNA topoisomerase II is an ATP-dependent double-stranded DNA strand-passing enzyme that is necessary for full condensation of chromosomes and for complete segregation of sister chromatids at mitosis in vivo and in vitro. Biochemical characterization of chromosomes or nuclei after extraction with high-salt or detergents and DNAse treatment showed that topoisomerase II was a major component of this remnant, termed the chromosome scaffold. The scaffold has been hypothesized to be the structural backbone of the chromosome, so the localization of topoisomerase II to die scaffold suggested that the

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Schmid, Michael, and Claus Steinlein. "The Hypermethylated Regions in Avian Chromosomes." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 151, no. 4 (2017): 216–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000464268.

Full text

Abstract:

Chromosomal locations and amounts of 5-methylcytosine-rich chromosome regions were detected in the karyotypes of 13 bird species by indirect immunofluorescence using a monoclonal anti-5-methylcytosine antibody. These species belong to 7 orders and 10 families of modern (Neognathae) and primitive (Palaeognathae) birds and are characterized by macro- and microchromosomes as well as ZW sex chromosomes. In all 13 species, the hypermethylated chromosome segments are confined to constitutive heterochromatin. The chromosomal locations of hypermethylated DNA regions in the karyotypes are constant and

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Patkin, Eugene L., Maria E. Kustova, and Ekaterina M. Noniashvili. "DNA-strand breaks in chromosomes of early mouse embryos as detected by in situ nick translation and gap filling." Genome 38, no. 2 (1995): 381–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g95-049.

Full text

Abstract:

The nick translation and gap filling procedures, without external addition of nicking enzymes, were performed in situ on fixed chromosomes of mouse preimplantation and postimplantation embryos and of bone marrow in order to detect possible DNA single-strand breaks (nicks and (or) gaps). All chromosome preparations were made using the same technique. Nick translation of chromosomal DNA with DNA polymerase I (Pol I) or gap filling with the Klenow fragment of Pol I in the presence of biotinylated-dUTP, demonstrated a regular absence of label on chromosomes of postimplantation embryos and bone mar

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Hemmer, Joerg, and Carmen Hauser. "Chromosomal Composition of Aneuploid Clones with Different DNA Contents in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas as Determined by Combined Flow Cytometry and FluorescenceIn SituHybridization." Analytical Cellular Pathology 20, no. 4 (2000): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2000/235942.

Full text

Abstract:

Studies with DNA flow cytometry (FCM) have shown that DNA contents of aneuploid tumour clones vary in a wide range. The aim of this study was to analyse whether homologous chromosomal changes exist despite the individual differences that may be of general relevance for the development of gross aneuploidy in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Fluorescencein situhybridization (FISH) with 13 centromere‐specific DNA probes was applied to 3 diploid and 11 aneuploid tumours with DNA indices ranging between 0.8 and 2.2. Disomic and monosomic cell populations were prevalent findings in DNA

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Nacry, Philippe, Christine Camilleri, Béatrice Courtial, Michel Caboche, and David Bouchez. "Major Chromosomal Rearrangements Induced by T-DNA Transformation in Arabidopsis." Genetics 149, no. 2 (1998): 641–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/149.2.641.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract We show that major chromosomal rearrangements can occur upon T-DNA transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana. In the ACL4 line, two T-DNA insertion loci were found; one is a tandem T-DNA insert in a head-to-head orientation, and the other is a truncated insert with only the left part of the T-region. The four flanking DNA regions were isolated and located on the Arabidopsis chromosomes; for both inserts, one side of the T-DNA maps to chromosome 2, whereas the other side maps to chromosome 3. Both chromosome 3 flanking regions map to the same location, despite a 1.4-kb deletion at this po

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Sehnert, Amy J., Brian Rhees, David Comstock, et al. "Optimal Detection of Fetal Chromosomal Abnormalities by Massively Parallel DNA Sequencing of Cell-Free Fetal DNA from Maternal Blood." Clinical Chemistry 57, no. 7 (2011): 1042–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2011.165910.

Full text

Abstract:

BACKGROUND Massively parallel DNA sequencing of cell-free fetal DNA from maternal blood can detect fetal chromosomal abnormalities. Although existing algorithms focus on the detection of fetal trisomy 21 (T21), these same algorithms have difficulty detecting trisomy 18 (T18). METHODS Blood samples were collected from 1014 patients at 13 US clinic locations before they underwent an invasive prenatal procedure. All samples were processed to plasma, and the DNA extracted from 119 samples underwent massively parallel DNA sequencing. Fifty-three sequenced samples came from women with an abnormal fe

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Roth, M., M. Lin, and D. M. Prescott. "Large scale synchronous mating and the study of macronuclear development in Euplotes crassus." Journal of Cell Biology 101, no. 1 (1985): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.101.1.79.

Full text

Abstract:

After conjugation in hypotrichous ciliates, a new macronucleus is produced from a copy of the micronucleus. This transformation involves large-scale reorganization of DNA, with conversion of the chromosomal micronuclear genome into short, gene-sized DNA molecules in the macronucleus. To study directly the changes that occur during this process, we have developed techniques for synchronous mating of large populations of the hypotrichous ciliate Euplotes crassus. Electron microscope studies show that the micronuclear chromosomes are polytenized during the first 20 h of macronuclear development.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Schwarzacher, Trude. "DNA, chromosomes, and in situ hybridization." Genome 46, no. 6 (2003): 953–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g03-119.

Full text

Abstract:

In situ hybridization is a powerful and unique technique that correlates molecular information of a DNA sequence with its physical location along chromosomes and genomes. It thus provides valuable information about physical map position of sequences and often is the only means to determine abundance and distribution of repetitive sequences making up the majority of most genomes. Repeated DNA sequences, composed of units of a few to a thousand base pairs in size, occur in blocks (tandem or satellite repeats) or are dispersed (including transposable elements) throughout the genome. They are ofte

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Rudd, M. Katharine, Robert W. Mays, Stuart Schwartz, and Huntington F. Willard. "Human Artificial Chromosomes with Alpha Satellite-Based De Novo Centromeres Show Increased Frequency of Nondisjunction and Anaphase Lag." Molecular and Cellular Biology 23, no. 21 (2003): 7689–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.23.21.7689-7697.2003.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Human artificial chromosomes have been used to model requirements for human chromosome segregation and to explore the nature of sequences competent for centromere function. Normal human centromeres require specialized chromatin that consists of alpha satellite DNA complexed with epigenetically modified histones and centromere-specific proteins. While several types of alpha satellite DNA have been used to assemble de novo centromeres in artificial chromosome assays, the extent to which they fully recapitulate normal centromere function has not been explored. Here, we have used two kind

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Bríza, J., B. J. Carroll, V. I. Klimyuk, C. M. Thomas, D. A. Jones, and J. D. Jones. "Distribution of unlinked transpositions of a Ds element from a T-DNA locus on tomato chromosome 4." Genetics 141, no. 1 (1995): 383–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/141.1.383.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In maize, receptor sites for unlinked transpositions of Activator (Ac) elements are not distributed randomly. To test whether the same is true in tomato, the receptor sites for a Dissociation (Ds) element derived from Ac, were mapped for 26 transpositions unlinked to a donor T-DNA locus on chromosome 4. Four independent transposed Dss mapped to sites on chromosome 4 genetically unlinked to the donor T-DNA, consistent with a preference for transposition to unlinked sites on the same chromosome as opposed to sites on other chromosomes. There was little preference among the nondonor chro

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Winston, Scott, and David E. Pettijohn. "Relaxation of DNA torsional tension in defined domains of bacterial chromosomes in vivo." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 34, no. 4 (1988): 522–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m88-089.

Full text

Abstract:

A procedure is described for selectively relaxing the DNA torsional tension in defined regions of the chromosome of living bacterial cells. Regions of the chromosomal DNA labelled with bromodeoxyuridine are selectively nicked by irradiation of the cells with long-wavelength ultraviolet light and then trimethylpsoralen residues are photobound to the chromosome in vivo. It is demonstrated that the rate of photobinding to the bromouridine-labelled parts of the chromosomes declines relative to the unlabelled parts of the same chromosomes as nicks are introduced into the former regions. The maximal

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Kubaláková, M., M. Valárik, J. Barto, et al. "Analysis and sorting of rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosomes using flow cytometry." Genome 46, no. 5 (2003): 893–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g03-054.

Full text

Abstract:

Procedures for chromosome analysis and sorting using flow cytometry (flow cytogenetics) were developed for rye (Secale cereale L.). Suspensions of intact chromosomes were prepared by mechanical homogenization of synchronized root tips after mild fixation with formaldehyde. Histograms of relative fluorescence intensity obtained after the analysis of DAPI-stained chromosomes (flow karyotypes) were characterized and the chromosome content of the DNA peaks was determined. Chromosome 1R could be discriminated on a flow karyotype of S. cereale 'Imperial'. The remaining rye chromosomes (2R7R) could

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Setiawan, Agus Budi, Ari Wibowo, Chee How Teo, Shinji Kikuchi, and Takato Koba. "Repetitive DNA sequences accelerate molecular cytogenetic research in plants with small chromosomes." Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology 24, no. 2 (2019): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijbiotech.51726.

Full text

Abstract:

Repetitive DNA sequences are highly abundant in plant genomes and are favorable probes for chromosome identification in plants. However, it is difficult to conduct studies on the details of metaphase chromosome structures in plants with small chromosomes due to their highly condensed status. Therefore, identification of homologous chromosomes for karyotyping and analyzing chromosome structures is a challenging issue for cytogeneticists without specific probes and precise chromosome stages. In this study, five repetitive DNA probes, i.e., 5S and 45S ribosomal DNAs (rDNAs), melon centromeric seq

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Moore, Carol Wood, Judith McKoy, Michelle Dardalhon, Darline Davermann, Marcia Martinez, and Dietrich Averbeck. "DNA Damage-Inducible and RAD52-Independent Repair of DNA Double-Strand Breaks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genetics 154, no. 3 (2000): 1085–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/154.3.1085.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Chromosomal repair was studied in stationary-phase Saccharomyces cerevisiae, including rad52/rad52 mutant strains deficient in repairing double-strand breaks (DSBs) by homologous recombination. Mutant strains suffered more chromosomal fragmentation than RAD52/RAD52 strains after treatments with cobalt-60 γ irradiation or radiomimetic bleomycin, except after high bleomycin doses when chromosomes from rad52/rad52 strains contained fewer DSBs than chromosomes from RAD52/RAD52 strains. DNAs from both genotypes exhibited quick rejoining following γ irradiation and sedimentation in isokinet

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Iourov, Ivan Y., Ilia V. Soloviev, Svetlana G. Vorsanova, Viktor V. Monakhov, and Yuri B. Yurov. "An Approach for Quantitative Assessment of Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) Signals for Applied Human Molecular Cytogenetics." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 53, no. 3 (2005): 401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1369/jhc.4a6419.2005.

Full text

Abstract:

A number of applied molecular cytogenetic studies require the quantitative assessment of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) signals (for example, interphase FISH analysis of aneuploidy by chromosome enumeration DNA probes; analysis of somatic pairing of homologous chromosomes in interphase nuclei; identification of chromosomal heteromorphism after FISH with satellite DNA probes for differentiation of parental origin of homologous chromosome, etc.). We have performed a pilot study to develop a simple technique for quantitative assessment of FISH signals by means of the digital capturing

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Ocampo-Hafalla, Maria, Sofía Muñoz, Catarina P. Samora, and Frank Uhlmann. "Evidence for cohesin sliding along budding yeast chromosomes." Open Biology 6, no. 6 (2016): 150178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.150178.

Full text

Abstract:

The ring-shaped cohesin complex is thought to topologically hold sister chromatids together from their synthesis in S phase until chromosome segregation in mitosis. How cohesin stably binds to chromosomes for extended periods, without impeding other chromosomal processes that also require access to the DNA, is poorly understood. Budding yeast cohesin is loaded onto DNA by the Scc2–Scc4 cohesin loader at centromeres and promoters of active genes, from where cohesin translocates to more permanent places of residence at transcription termination sites. Here we show that, at the GAL2 and MET17 loc

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Uno, Yoshinobu, Chizuko Nishida, Chiyo Takagi, et al. "Extraordinary Diversity in the Origins of Sex Chromosomes in Anurans Inferred from Comparative Gene Mapping." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 145, no. 3-4 (2015): 218–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000431211.

Full text

Abstract:

Sex determination in frogs (anurans) is genetic and includes both male and female heterogamety. However, the origins of the sex chromosomes and their differentiation processes are poorly known. To investigate diversity in the origins of anuran sex chromosomes, we compared the chromosomal locations of sex-linked genes in 4 species: the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis), the Western clawed frog (Silurana/X. tropicalis), the Japanese bell-ring frog (Buergeria buergeri), and the Japanese wrinkled frog (Rana rugosa). Comparative mapping data revealed that the sex chromosomes of X. laevis, X. tro

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Engstrom, Mark D., Allan J. Baker, Judith L. Eger, Rudy Boonstra, and Ronald J. Brooks. "Chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA variation in four laboratory populations of collared lemmings (Dicrostonyx)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 71, no. 1 (1993): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z93-007.

Full text

Abstract:

Genetic differentiation among populations and speciation in Dicrostonyx is hypothesized to have resulted from either allopatric divergence in glacial refugia during the Wisconsin or sympatric processes uncorrelated with refugial isolation. We examined chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA variation in four laboratory colonies, representing three species, in a preliminary evaluation of these hypotheses. Chromosomal variation is extensive among populations, diploid numbers ranging from 38 to 50. Autosomal variation appears to be due primarily to Robertsonian rearrangements and additions of supernume

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Katsumata, M., and C. W. Lo. "Organization of chromosomes in the mouse nucleus: analysis by in situ hybridization." Journal of Cell Science 90, no. 2 (1988): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.90.2.193.

Full text

Abstract:

We used in situ hybridization with various biotinylated DNA probes to characterize the distribution of mouse chromosomes in the nucleus. This entailed an examination of plasmid-marked chromosomes from two strains of transgenic mice and also an examination of the distribution of centromeres and total mouse genomic DNA. Our results show that, regardless of the hybridization probes used or the tissue types examined, with sections of mouse tissues embedded in paraffin all chromosomal DNA appeared to be localized to the nuclear periphery. This was observed in tissues fixed with either crosslinking

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Dulz, Thais Aparecida, Carla Andrea Lorscheider, Viviane Demetrio Nascimento, et al. "Comparative cytogenetics among Leporinus friderici and Leporellus vittatus populations (Characiformes, Anostomidae): focus on repetitive DNA elements." Comparative Cytogenetics 13, no. 2 (2019): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v13i2.33764.

Full text

Abstract:

Anostomidae are a neotropical fish family rich in number of species. Cytogenetically, they show a conserved karyotype with 2n = 54 chromosomes, although they present intraspecific/interspecific variations in the number and chromosomal location of repetitive DNA sequences. The aim of the present study was to perform a comparative description of the karyotypes of two populations of Leporinusfriderici Bloch, 1794 and three populations of Leporellusvittatus Valenciennes, 1850. We used conventional cytogenetic techniques allied to fluorescence in situ hybridization, using 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) a

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Sharbel, Timothy F., David M. Green, and Andreas Houben. "B-chromosome origin in the endemic New Zealand frog Leiopelma hochstetteri through sex chromosome devolution." Genome 41, no. 1 (1998): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g97-091.

Full text

Abstract:

The endemic New Zealand frog Leiopelma hochstetteri has variable numbers of mitotically stable B chromosomes. To assess whether the B chromosomes were derived from the autosome complement, they were isolated by micromanipulation and their DNA amplified by degenerate oligonucleotide primed PCR. Southern hybridizations of B chromosome DNA probes to genomic DNA from males and females characterized by differing numbers of B chromosomes demonstrated that the B chromosomes were derived from the univalent W sex chromosome characteristic of North Island populations. The presence of homologous B chromo

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Kawamura, Ryo, Lisa H. Pope, Morten O. Christensen, et al. "Mitotic chromosomes are constrained by topoisomerase II–sensitive DNA entanglements." Journal of Cell Biology 188, no. 5 (2010): 653–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200910085.

Full text

Abstract:

We have analyzed the topological organization of chromatin inside mitotic chromosomes. We show that mitotic chromatin is heavily self-entangled through experiments in which topoisomerase (topo) II is observed to reduce mitotic chromosome elastic stiffness. Single chromosomes were relaxed by 35% by exogenously added topo II in a manner that depends on hydrolysable adenosine triphosphate (ATP), whereas an inactive topo II cleavage mutant did not change chromosome stiffness. Moreover, experiments using type I topos produced much smaller relaxation effects than topo II, indicating that chromosome

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Bauchan, G. R., and M. A. Hossain. "Constitutive heterochromatin DNA polymorphisms in diploid Medicago sativa ssp. falcata." Genome 42, no. 5 (1999): 930–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g99-038.

Full text

Abstract:

A Giemsa C-banding technique was used to study the amount and location of constitutive heterochromatin in diploid (2n = 2x = 16) Medicago sativa ssp. falcata (L.) Arcangeli. Most accessions had the standard C-banding pattern with centromeric bands on all the chromosomes and a prominent heterochromatic band at the nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) of the satellited (SAT) chromosomes. However, we observed in various accessions that constitutive heterochromatic C-bands can exist at the telomeric ends of all the chromosomes. Interstitial bands occurred on the short arms of all chromosomes except f

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Kaback, David B., Dianna Barber, Jim Mahon, Jacque Lamb, and Jerome You. "Chromosome Size-Dependent Control of Meiotic Reciprocal Recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: The Role of Crossover Interference." Genetics 152, no. 4 (1999): 1475–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/152.4.1475.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, small chromosomes undergo meiotic reciprocal recombination (crossing over) at rates (centimorgans per kilobases) greater than those of large chromosomes, and recombination rates respond directly to changes in the total size of a chromosomal DNA molecule. This phenomenon, termed chromosome size-dependent control of meiotic reciprocal recombination, has been suggested to be important for ensuring that homologous chromosomes cross over during meiosis. The mechanism of this regulation was investigated by analyzing recombination in identical genetic i

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Perez, Carl, Gary de Jong, Jan Drayer, and Gyula Hadlaczky. "Satellite DNA-based artificial chromosomes – chromosomal vectors." Trends in Biotechnology 18, no. 10 (2000): 402–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-7799(00)01487-6.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Hardy, Christine D., Nancy J. Crisona, Michael D. Stone, and Nicholas R. Cozzarelli. "Disentangling DNA during replication: a tale of two strands." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 359, no. 1441 (2004): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2003.1363.

Full text

Abstract:

The seminal papers by Watson and Crick in 1953 on the structure and function of DNA clearly enunciated the challenge their model presented of how the intertwined strands of DNA are unwound and separated for replication to occur. We first give a historical overview of the major discoveries in the past 50 years that address this challenge. We then describe in more detail the cellular mechanisms responsible for the unlinking of DNA. No single strategy on its own accounts for the complete unlinking of chromosomes required for DNA segregation to proceed. Rather, it is the combined effects of topois

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Gatto, Kaleb Pretto, Lucas H. B. Souza, Juliana Nascimento, Pablo Suárez, and Luciana Bolsoni Lourenço. "Comparative mapping of a new repetitive DNA sequence and chromosome region-specific probes unveiling rearrangements in an Amazonian frog complex." Genome 64, no. 9 (2021): 857–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2020-0199.

Full text

Abstract:

The frog species Physalaemus ephippifer exists in the Amazonian region and harbors heteromorphic Z and W chromosomes. A genetic lineage closely related to this species was recognized based on its mitochondrial DNA and RADseq-style markers, but its taxonomic status is still unclear and has been referred to as Lineage 1 of “P. cuvieri”. The heteromorphic sex chromosomes found in P. ephippifer are not present in this lineage and which of its chromosome pairs is homologous to the sex chromosomes of P. ephippifer remain to be elucidated as well as the role of such a karyotypic divergence in the evo

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Cuéllar, T., J. Orellana, E. Belhassen, and J. L. Bella. "Chromosomal characterization and physical mapping of the 5S and the 18S-5.8S-25S ribosomal DNA in Helianthus argophyllus, with new data from Helianthus annuus." Genome 42, no. 1 (1999): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g98-112.

Full text

Abstract:

The characterization of the mitotic chromosomes of Helianthus argophyllus by means of Feulgen staining, Giemsa C-banding, and the usual DNA sequence-specific fluorochromes allows a chromosomal classification of this species, and shows that two kinds of heterochromatin co-exist equilocally in its chromosomes. One type is confined to the pericentromeric areas of all the chromosomes and the other is associated with the secondary constrictions of the satellite chromosomes. This species is evolutionarily very close to H. annuus with which it is involved in introgression breeding programs. Since the

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Crepaldi, Carolina, and Patricia P. Parise-Maltempi. "Heteromorphic Sex Chromosomes and Their DNA Content in Fish: An Insight through Satellite DNA Accumulation in Megaleporinus elongatus." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 160, no. 1 (2020): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000506265.

Full text

Abstract:

The repetitive DNA content of fish sex chromosomes provides valuable insights into specificities and patterns of their genetic sex determination systems. In this study, we revealed the genomic satellite DNA (satDNA) content of Megaleporinuselongatus, a Neotropical fish species with Z1Z1Z2Z2/Z1W1Z2W2 multiple sex chromosomes, through high-throughput analysis and graph-based clustering, isolating 68 satDNA families. By physically mapping these sequences in female metaphases, we discovered 15 of the most abundant satDNAs clustered in its chromosomes, 9 of which were found exclusively in the highl

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Gutierrez, Juana, Gael Aleix-Mata, Juan A. Marchal, María Arroyo, Riccardo Castiglia, and Antonio Sánchez. "Molecular Cytogenetic Analysis of Karyotype and Y Chromosome Conservation in Species of the Genus Talpa (Insectivora)." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 160, no. 5 (2020): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000507836.

Full text

Abstract:

The Talpidae family has a highly stable karyotype. Most of the chromosome studies in this mammal group, however, employed classical cytogenetic techniques. Molecular cytogenetic analyses are still scarce and, for example, no repeated DNA sequences have been described to date. In this work, we used sequence analysis, chromosomal mapping of a LINE1 retroelement sequence, as well as chromosome painting with a whole Y chromosome probe of T. occidentalis to compare the karyotypes of 3 species of the genus Talpa (T. occidentalis, T. romana, and T. aquitania). Our results demonstrate that in Talpa ge

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Hausmann, Michael, Gertrud Dudin, Jacob A. Aten, and Rainer Heilig. "Slit Scan Flow Cytometry Of Isolated Chromosomes Following Fluorescence Hybridization: An Approach Of Online Screening For Specific Chromosomes And Chromosome Translocations." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 46, no. 5-6 (1991): 433–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1991-5-616.

Full text

Abstract:

The recently developed methods of non radioactive in situ hybridization of chromosomes offer new aspects for chromosome analysis. Fluorescent labelling of hybridized chromosomes or chromosomal subregions allows to facilitate considerably the detection of specific chromosomal abnormalities. Formany biomedical applications (e.g. biological dosimetry in the low dose range), a fast scoring for aberrations (e.g. dicentrics or translocations) in required. Here, we present an approach depending on fluorescence in situ hybridization of isolated suspension chromosomes that indicates the feasibility of

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Juan, C., and J. Gosálvez. "Direct incorporation of fluorescein-12-dUTP to insect fixed chromosomes by random primed extension." Genome 37, no. 1 (1994): 173–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g94-022.

Full text

Abstract:

The use of an in situ random primed system allows the direct incorporation of fluorescein-12-dUTP into fixed insect chromosomes, resulting in a strong fluorescent labelling. While in an orthopteran species (Eyprepocnemis plorans) a relatively uniform labelling of meiotic and mitotic chromosomes is produced, in Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera) only the chromosomal arms, but not the pericentromeric heterochromatic areas of mitotic chromosomes, show positive labelling by this method. This indicates that the organization of DNA in heterochromatin is distinct from that in the euchromatin in distantly

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Runge, K. W., R. J. Wellinger, and V. A. Zakian. "Effects of excess centromeres and excess telomeres on chromosome loss rates." Molecular and Cellular Biology 11, no. 6 (1991): 2919–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.11.6.2919.

Full text

Abstract:

The linear chromosomes of eukaryotes contain specialized structures to ensure their faithful replication and segregation to daughter cells. Two of these structures, centromeres and telomeres, are limited, respectively, to one and two copies per chromosome. It is possible that the proteins that interact with centromere and telomere DNA sequences are present in limiting amounts and could be competed away from the chromosomal copies of these elements by additional copies introduced on plasmids. We have introduced excess centromeres and telomeres into Saccharomyces cerevisiae and quantitated their

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Runge, K. W., R. J. Wellinger, and V. A. Zakian. "Effects of excess centromeres and excess telomeres on chromosome loss rates." Molecular and Cellular Biology 11, no. 6 (1991): 2919–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.11.6.2919-2928.1991.

Full text

Abstract:

The linear chromosomes of eukaryotes contain specialized structures to ensure their faithful replication and segregation to daughter cells. Two of these structures, centromeres and telomeres, are limited, respectively, to one and two copies per chromosome. It is possible that the proteins that interact with centromere and telomere DNA sequences are present in limiting amounts and could be competed away from the chromosomal copies of these elements by additional copies introduced on plasmids. We have introduced excess centromeres and telomeres into Saccharomyces cerevisiae and quantitated their

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Heldrich, Jonna, Xiaoji Sun, Luis A. Vale-Silva, Tovah E. Markowitz, and Andreas Hochwagen. "Topoisomerases Modulate the Timing of Meiotic DNA Breakage and Chromosome Morphogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genetics 215, no. 1 (2020): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.120.303060.

Full text

Abstract:

During meiotic prophase, concurrent transcription, recombination, and chromosome synapsis place substantial topological strain on chromosomal DNA, but the role of topoisomerases in this context remains poorly defined. Here, we analyzed the roles of topoisomerases I and II (Top1 and Top2) during meiotic prophase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We show that both topoisomerases accumulate primarily in promoter-containing intergenic regions of actively transcribing genes, including many meiotic double-strand break (DSB) hotspots. Despite the comparable binding patterns, top1 and top2 mutations have d

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

González-Siso, M. Isabel, M. Angeles Freire-Picos, M. Esperanza Cerdán, M. Wésolowski-Louvel, and H. Fukuhara. "Chromosomal mapping of the KlCYC1 gene from Kluyveromyces lactis." Genome 37, no. 3 (1994): 515–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g94-073.

Full text

Abstract:

Chromosomal assignment of the KlCYC1 gene from Kluyveromyces lactis has been performed by hybridization of the labelled probe to a DNA blot of isolated chromosomes. A clear hybridization signal to chromosome VI is reported.Key words: Kluyveromyces lactis, cytochrome c gene, chromosomal mapping.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Vallente-Samonte, Rhea U., Robert A. Conte, and Ram S. Verma. "Syntenic homology of human unique DNA sequences within chromossome regions 5q31, 10q22, 13q32-33 and 19q13.1 in the great apes." Genetics and Molecular Biology 23, no. 3 (2000): 527–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-47572000000300004.

Full text

Abstract:

Homologies between chromosome banding patterns and DNA sequences in the great apes and humans suggest an apparent common origin for these two lineages. The availability of DNA probes for specific regions of human chromosomes (5q31, 10q22, 13q32-33 and 19q13.1) led us to cross-hybridize these to chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes, PTR), gorilla (Gorilla gorilla, GGO) and orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus, PPY) chromosomes in a search for equivalent regions in the great apes. Positive hybridization signals to the chromosome 5q31-specific DNA probe were observed at HSA 5q31, PTR 4q31, GGO 4q31 and PPY 4q31, whi

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!