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1
Frölich, Matthias Frank [Verfasser], and Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Jung. "The polymorphic DNA marker rs849142 predicts skin toxicity in anti-EGFR treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer / Matthias Frank Frölich ; Betreuer: Andreas Jung." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1170582745/34.
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Taniguchi, Yukio. "Genetic Diversities among Founder Populations of the Endangered Avian Species, the Japanese Crested Ibis and the Oriental Stork in Japan." Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/204565.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)<br>0048<br>新制・論文博士<br>博士(農学)<br>乙第12986号<br>論農博第2826号<br>新制||農||1038(附属図書館)<br>学位論文||H28||N4961(農学部図書室)<br>32456<br>名古屋大学大学院農学研究科生化学制御専攻<br>(主査)教授 祝前 博明, 教授 今井 裕, 教授 廣岡 博之<br>学位規則第4条第2項該当
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Maufrand, Remy. "Linkage analysis of avirulence in Phytophthora infestans using random applied polymorphic DNA markers." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243431.
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Golembiewski, Robert Craig. "Identification and characterization of creeping bentgrass using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers /." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487942739809001.
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Allnutt, Theodore Richard. "The study of genetic variation in trees using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319848.
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Wei, Ling. "Identification of DNA Markers in Triticum aestivum-Aegilops caudata Additions Lines by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Technology." DigitalCommons@USU, 1995. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4543.
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The objective of this study was to identify DNA markers for each of six added C-genome chromosomes in Triticum aestivum L. cv. 'Alceso'-Aegilops caudata L. addition lines using the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. DNA from Ae. caudata, T. aestivum, amphiploid of T. aestivum X Ae. caudata, and six disomic addition lines of wheat having a pair of Ae. caudata chromosomes was used as the template for the amplification of RAPD markers with a total of 58 random 10-mer oligonucleotide primers. Two primers, OPC-08 and OPJ-16, produced one intense band each from the amphiploid of T. aestivum X Ae. caudata and Ae. caudata, which was absent in all six addition lines. Each of these two primers produced a chromosome marker that could be tentatively located to the chromosome CA of Ae. caudata. OPJ-02, OPD-12, OPD-02, OPJ-12, OPD-20, and OPJ-14 produced a marker each for CB, CC, CD, CE, CF, and CG, respectively. OPJ-09 produced C-genome chromosome-specific RAPD markers. Also, OPC-05 and OPJ-19 produced RAPDs from both wheat and Ae. caudata genomes.
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Halldén, Christer. "Characterization and use of a multiplex PCR-based system random amplified polymorphic DNA /." Lund : Lund University, 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/68945134.html.
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Brown, Richard James. "The development and use of polymorphic DNA markers for use in population studies of Oryzaephilus surinamensis." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362358.
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Kongkiatngam, Prasert. "Genetic studies of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) using morphological, isozyme and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29066.
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Genetic variation within and between two cultivars of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), Essi from Europe and Ottawa from Canada was estimated using morphological, isozyme and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. A total of 21 enzyme-coding loci with 43 alleles was detected using twelve enzyme systems. The mean number of alleles per locus was 1.81 in Essi and 1.67 in Ottawa. Nine 10-mer primers were used to assay 20 individuals from each cultivar for RAPD markers. Each primer gave from 7 to 20 amplified bands with an average of 14.8 bands per primer. High within-cultivar variation was observed in both cultivars using both isozyme and RAPD markers. The mode of inheritance of seven isozyme loci: Aat-2, Amy-1, Est-4, Est-7, Pgd-1, Pgd-2 and Skd-1, in red clover was verified. The genetic basis of banding patterns for 16 other isozyme loci: Aat-3, Adh-1, Dia-1, Dia-2, Dia-3, Est-1, Est-2, Gpi-2, Idh-1, Mdh-1, Mdh-2, Mdh-3, Mdh-4, Me-1, Me-2 and Pgm-2, was also postulated, based on the segregation patterns observed within cultivars. Two pairs of linked enzyme-coding loci, Est-4/Est-7 and Pgd-2/Skd-1, were found with joint segregation analysis. Estimates of genetic variability of 15 red clover cultivars from three different origins indicated that within-cultivar variation was much higher than between-cultivar variation. Allele frequencies of these isozymes could discriminate the five North American cultivars assayed, but they could not differentiate cultivars from Europe and Japan. The use of RAPD markers obtained from bulked samples was investigated for cultivar identification in red clover. Pooled samples were examined in order to minimize variation within cultivars. Twenty was found to be an appropriate number of red clover individuals per bulk for homogenizing genetic variation within cultivars. Fourteen 10-mer primers were used to amplify genomic DNA from combined leaf samples of 15 red clover cultivars from European, Japanese and North American origin
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Prodöhl, Paulo A. "Multilocus and single locus minisatellite DNA polymorphism in brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) populations." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296801.
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Kamara, Davida F. "Development and characterization of DNA markers for two avian species." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42868.
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Central to the application of genomics to animal agriculture are DNA markers, especially microsatellites and single nucleotide polymorphisms. These markers are the resources necessary for constructing genetic maps and for determining how improved and unimproved animal breeds are related. Here, DNA markers were developed for two avian species, the turkey, Meleagris gallopavo, and the budgerigar (budgie), Melopsittacus undulatus. Genomic libraries enriched for simple sequence repeats were used to generate about 70 budgie sequences of a total length of 38 kb. From these sequences, 9 primer pairs were designed and used to screen for informativeness in a panel of DNA samples from unrelated budgie samples. All but one of the nine primers evaluated were polymorphic with the number of alleles ranging from two to four. Comparative analysis involving the use of these budgie primers showed moderate sequence similarity to turkey and chicken. The genomic libraries and the comparative sequences provide useful genomic reagents that could be used to construct a budgie genome map. In the turkey, ten previously described microsatellites and a gene-based single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) were used to evaluate the relatedness of heritage varieties to a commercial strain. Estimates of Nei's genetic distance (D) and genetic differentiation (Rst) between populations using microsatellite markers showed that the commercial strain is genetically more closely related to the Bourbon Red and Narragansett and least related to the Royal palm and Spanish Black. Gene flow (Nm) level was highest between the commercial and Bourbon Red populations. The SNP analysis by PCR-RFLP revealed that the commercial strain was more closely related to the Spanish black and Narragansett and least related to the Bourbon red and Blue slate. Though results of the two marker systems, microsatellite and SNP, were inconsistent, they provide insights into using heritage turkeys to genetically improve commercial populations by introgression. The present thesis investigation showed that DNA markers provide a strong opportunity to develop genomic reagents needed to test hypotheses in little-studied agriculturally important and model avian species.<br>Master of Science
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Smit, Rynhard. "Evaluation of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA and Simple Sequence Repeat markers in Moringa oleifera (Lam.) to establish population diversity." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43245.
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Moringa oleifera is potentially an economically important tree species. It has gained interest globally for its multipurpose uses, in particular as a source of nutrition and oil, as well as for its various medicinal properties. Moringa is native to India, Malaysia and the Middle East, but have been introduced to many countries throughout Africa. There is however limited knowledge regarding the genetic variation of both native and introduced populations of Moringa, although phenotypic observations suggest the presence of significant genetic diversity. To do this we used Moringa collections from different locations including India, South Africa and Hawaii, with different cultivars present in the foreign samples. Molecular markers such as Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) were evaluated for their efficiency as a marker system in Moringa, based on their success in other tropical tree population studies. The comparative analysis between the two revealed that both marker systems identified similar heterogeneity of 0.438 (RAPD) and 0.481 (SSR). However, the microsatellite marker was more effective for assessing genetic diversity, with a marker index (MI) value of 5.77 compared to 2.96 (RAPD), within our data set. Three major groups among the 71 accessions were clustered together in the dendogram and Principle Co-ordinate Analysis (PCoA), based on the genetic similarity matrices generated by both markers. Both cultivars were grouped together irrespective of origins, suggesting a relationship of genetic identity rather than geographical origins. The markers investigated in this study were found to be effective for determining genetic diversity, verifying higher genetic variation among the S.A. accessions of Moringas and distinguishing them from the cultivars investigated. This information could possibly be exploited for cultivar development in tree improvement programmes.<br>Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013.<br>lk2014<br>Genetics<br>MSc<br>Unrestricted
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Alamri, Sarah. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX) ACCESSIONS USING INTER SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEAT (ISSR) AND RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA (RAPD) MARKERS." Thesis, Laurentian University of Sudbury, 2014. https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/2201.
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Soybean (Glycine max) is an important crop in the world in terms of total production and usage. It is also among the least diverse species. The main objectives of the present study were 1) to determine differences between ISSR and RAPD marker systems in detecting genetic variation in soybeans and 2) to identify and characterize accession- diagnostic molecular markers in G. max accessions. Genomic DNAs from 108 G. max accessions from 11 different gene pools were analyzed using several ISSR and RAPD primers. The levels of polymorphic loci detected with the two marker systems were in general moderate and similar.. Overall, 82% of genetic distance values were above 0.40 based on ISSR analysis. However, RAPD data revealed that the accessions from different countries are closely related with 64% genetic distance values below 0.40. The dendrograms constructed with ISSR data revealed that the South Korean accessions formed an out-group while the RAPD analysis showed that accessions from Sweden were separate from the other 10 gene pools. One variety-diagnostic marker generated with ISSR 5 primer was identified in the accession Kao Chien Tao from China. This marker was cloned, and sequenced. Although RAPD and ISSR marker systems detected similar levels of genetic variability, they target different regions of the soybean genome, resulting in different clustering of the 11 gene pools indicating different genetic relatedness among them. This finding demonstrates the usefulness of both marker systems in assessing diversity and relatedness among Glycine max gene pools.
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Fujisawa, Masaki. "Representational difference analysis for isolation of sex chromosome-specific DNA markers in a liverwort, Marchantia polymorpha." Kyoto University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/149935.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)<br>0048<br>新制・課程博士<br>博士(農学)<br>甲第9650号<br>農博第1278号<br>新制||農||847(附属図書館)<br>学位論文||H14||N3682(農学部図書室)<br>UT51-2002-G408<br>京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生命科学専攻<br>(主査)教授 大山 莞爾, 教授 佐藤 文彦, 教授 廣瀬 正明<br>学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Venancio, Bárbara Rocha [UNESP]. "Chain of custody control of ipe timber (Handroanthus sp.) from the Amazon rainforest, using DNA fingerprinting." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150808.
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Previous issue date: 2017-04-20<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>A presente dissertação de mestrado é composta por uma seção introdutória, seguida de uma revisão da literatura a qual antecede os três capítulos subsequentes. O primeiro capítulo aborda um conjunto de revisões de conhecimentos científicos contemporâneos sobre os efeitos da exploração madeireira em florestas tropicais e as práticas madeireiras utilizadas no Brasil, quais têm se demonstrado insuficientes para garantir a sustentabilidade tanto na produção genética quanto na produção madeireira. O segundo capítulo é um “primer note” descrevendo a identificação de 402 loci putativos (polimorfismos de nucleotídeo único – SNPs, inserções / deleções - INDELs) para Ipe (Handroanthus sp.), destinado à estudos de genética de populações, filogeografia e DNA fingerprinting. O último capítulo discute a viabilidade de DNA fingerprinting para espécies do gênero Handroanthus. Esse traz a análise da diversidade genética, diferenciação genética de populações de Handroanthus sp., bem como entre os países de origem das amostras, análises de auto atribuição de genótipos e testes de atribuição de madeira ao local de origem.<br>The present master dissertation is composed by an introductory section, followed by a review of literature, which prefaces the three subsequent chapters. The first chapter of this dissertation is a review assembly contemporary scientific knowledge about the effects of the forest logging in tropical rainforests and the actual logging practices used in Brazil, which seems insufficient to ensure sustainability in both genetic and timber production aspects. The second chapter is a primer note describing the identification of 402 putative loci (single nucleotide polymorphisms –SNPs; and insertion/deletions- INDELs) for Ipe (Handroanthus sp.), intended to help population genetics, phylogeography and DNA fingerprinting studies. The last chapter discuss the feasibility of DNA fingerprinting for Handroanthus species. It brings genetic diversity analysis, genetic differentiation of Handroanthus sp. sample-populations, as well as among countries, self-assignment and timber assignment tests analysis.
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Syaifudin, Mochamad. "Species-specific DNA markers for improving the genetic management of tilapia." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/22624.
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The tilapias are a group of African and Middle Eastern cichlid fish that are widely cultured in developed and developing countries. With many different species and sub-species, and extensive use of interspecies hybrids, identification of tilapia species is of importance in aquaculture and in wild populations where introductions occur. This research set out to distinguish between tilapia species and sub-species by retrieving species-specific nuclear DNA markers (SNPs) using two approaches: (i) sequencing of the coding regions of the ADA gene; and (ii) next-generation sequencing, both standard RADseq and double-digest RADseq (ddRADseq). The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) marker cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) was used to verify tilapia species status. ADA gene sequence analysis was partially successful, generating SNP markers that distinguished some species pairs. Most species could also be discriminated using the COI sequence. Reference based analysis (RBA: using only markers found in the O. niloticus genome sequence) of standard RADseq data identified 1,613 SNPs in 1,002 shared RAD loci among seven species. De novo based analysis (DBA: based on the entire data set) identified 1,358 SNPs in 825 loci and RBA detected 938 SNPs in 571 shared RAD loci from ddRADseq among 10 species. Phylogenetic trees based on shared SNP markers indicated similar patterns to most prior phylogenies based on other characteristics. The standard RADseq detected 677 species-specific SNP markers from the entire data set (seven species), while the ddRADseq retrieved 38 (among ten species). Furthermore, 37 such SNP markers were identified from ddRADseq data from a subset of four economically important species which are often involved in hybridization in aquaculture, and larger numbers of SNP markers distinguished between species pairs in this group. In summary, these SNPs are a valuable resource in further investigating hybridization and introgression in a range of captive and wild stocks of tilapias.
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Gunnar, Erika. "Characterization of the genetic basis in two cases of abetalipoproteinemia reveals two novel mutations." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-58620.
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<p>BACKGROUND: Abetalipoproteinemia (ABL) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the gene coding for microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP).</p><p>AIM: To characterize the genetic basis of ABL in two unrelated patients.</p><p>RESULTS: In the first patient, the substitution c.1911C>T in exon 12 of the <em>MTTP</em> gene, resulting in the protein substitution p.P552L, was discovered using mutation screening. The parents are heterozygous and the proband is a homozygous carrier of this substitution. Using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), 100 control subjects were analyzed and none carried the substitution indicating that it is a novel <em>MTTP </em>mutation. Sequencing of the other ABL patient showed that the proband carried a homozygous single base insertion, at position c.2342IVS16+2-3insT, located at the donor splice-site of intron 16 resulting in skipping of exon 16 and truncation of the protein. The proband's mother is heterozygous for the insertion while the father does not carry the insertion. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) did not identify any deletion encompassing exon 16 in the proband, father or mother. Nonpaternity was excluded using polymorphic markers from several chromosomes. Haplotype analysis using markers spanning chromosome 4 revealed heterodisomy (two homologous chromosomes) of 4p and the distal part of 4q, and isodisomy (duplication of one chromosome) of 4q12-4q26.</p><p>CONCLUSION: These data show that the cause of ABL in one of the patients is a missense mutation, p.P552L, while the cause of ABL in the other patient is due to uniparental disomy, probably resulting from non-disjunstion in meiosis I.</p>
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Robbins, Marjorie. "The location of Tu on the genetic map of Lactuca sativa and the identification of random amplified polymorphic DNA markers flanking and tightly linked to Tu /." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69684.
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In Lactuca sativa, the dominant gene Tu confers resistance to infection by turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). Tu and Dm5/8, a gene for resistance to Bremia lactucae, are linked in L. sativa. The area surrounding Dm5/8 on the genetic map of L. sativa contains restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The orientation of Tu relative to Dm5/8 was not known. Locating Tu would indicate which markers are on the map of lettuce close to Tu. To locate Tu on the L. sativa genetic map, F$ sb3$ families from recombinant F$ sb2$ in the Dm5/8 area of a cross between TuMV-resistant (Cobbham Green) and susceptible (Calmar) cultivars were inoculated with TuMV and phenotyped for Tu by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Polyclonal antibodies for immunodetection were produced using turnip mosaic virus coat protein expressed in E. coli. Phenotypic ratios within F$ sb3$ families were used to determine individual F$ sb2$ genotypes for Tu. With these genotypes, Tu was located on the genetic map of L. sativa relative to data present for Dm5/8 and surrounding markers, between OPM18 and OPY13. Using bulked segregant analysis, bulks created for the Dm5/8 locus were screened for genetic polymorphisms by the RAPD technique. Five new RAPD markers, UBC346, UBC517, UBC563, UBC599, and UBC675 were found linked to Tu after mapping relative to F$ sb2$ genotypes for Tu and other RAPD markers. The resulting three-point mapping information indicates that Tu is flanked by two markers, OPM18/OPL08 and UBC346, at respective genetic distances of 0.4 and 0.7 cM.
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Grebus, Marcella Elaine. "Development of plant disease suppressive compost-amended biocontrol agent-fortified potting mixes and turf topdressings and use of random amplified polymorphic DNA markers for identification of Trichoderma hamatum 382 /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487863429094322.
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Mwema, Hadija Saidi. "Forensic identification of six of Tanzanian populations using the extended haplotype markers." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2349_1325671867.
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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the power of discrimination and genetic (diversity) parameters in the Y chromosome extended haploytpe markers in populations of Tanzania for forensic and populations studies. Eleven Y chromosome extended haplotype markers were selected for this study, these includes Minimal haplotypes markers i.e. DYS19, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS385a/b, DYS389I/II and two additional markers DYS438 and DYS439. Six populations of Tanzania were investigated under this study. These populations were selected based on the language family categories<br>Niger Congo (Kuria and Sukuma), Nilo Saharan (Luo and Maasai) and Afro Asiatic (Iraqw and Alagwa).
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Bornemann-Kolatzki, Kirsten [Verfasser]. "Durchführung eines Genomscans mit polymorphen DNA-Markern und Genomic-Mismatch-Scanning (GMS) bei Sus scrofa zur Detektion Hernia inguinalis-scrotalis assoziierter Genomregionen / vorgelegt von Kirsten Bornemann-Kolatzki, geb. Bornemann." Wettenberg : VVB Laufersweiler, 2004. http://d-nb.info/97393736X/34.
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Benazir, Katarina Marquez. "Molecular Marker Applications in Oat (Avena Sativa L.) Breeding and Germplasm Diagnostics." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31148.
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The ability to identify germplasm and select traits accurately is fundamental to successful plant breeding. Pedigrees and molecular markers facilitate these processes; however misleading experimental results can occur when incorrect relationships and/or cultivar names are recorded. Molecular markers can identify these inconsistencies, and with advances in genotyping technology these diagnostics can be done faster and more objectively. This study aimed to develop molecular marker assays and graphical genotyping methodologies for cultivar identification, seed purity assessment and trait selection in oat (Avena sativa L.). KBioscience’s Allele-Specific PCR (KASP™) and genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technologies were applied to a set of current Canadian oat cultivars to evaluate their utility for identifying cultivars and detecting intra-cultivar variation. Both KASP™ and GBS detected different extents of heterogeneity among a set of 160 seeds that originated from four seed sources of four cultivars. In both cases, the detected variation did not appear to be limited to a specific cultivar or seed source, reinforcing that all cultivars are heterogeneous. Graphical genotyping localized heterogeneity to specific chromosome regions, thereby distinguishing physical contamination from true genetic heterogeneity and heterozygosity. Pre-existing genotype data for 700 oat cultivars and breeding lines were also used to construct graphical genotypes for pedigree validation and discovery of potential sources for favourable quantitative trait loci (QTL) alleles. This methodology used historical QTLs and anchoring markers to identify 25 putative “high oil” allele carriers. The results from this study will provide diagnostic tools for cultivar identification and pedigree validation, in addition to meaningful information about existing heterogeneity and possible QTL locations in current cultivars.
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Sovic, Michael G. "An Evaluation of Fluorescent Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (FRAPD) as a Tool for Identifying Species Hybrids, and the Application of these Markers to Questions of Hybridization in Two Groups of Ohio River Basin Fishes." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1308056342.
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Carmine, Andrea. "On Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia : case control studies, cellular localization and modelling of candidate genes /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-671-5.
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Hanauer, André. "Le chromosome x humain : recherche de sequences exprimees et localisation genique de deux loci correspondanta des maladies." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR13010.
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Caracterisation d'expressions geniques liees au chromosome x, de 6 sequences genomiques humaines liees au chromosome x; localisation du syndrome coffin-lowry par analyse de linkage et de la dysplasie ectodermique anhidrotique
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Santos-Ciminera, Patricia Dantas Ciminera Patricia Dantas Santos Santos Patricia. "Molecular epidemiology of epidemic severe malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax in the state of Amazonas, Brazil /." Download the dissertation in PDF, 2005. http://www.lrc.usuhs.mil/dissertations/pdf/Santos2005.pdf.
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Sewpersad, Yaksha. "Estimation of genetic variation and marker identification in black wattle (Acacia mearnsii De Wild) with RAPD fingerprinting." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/10016.
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Chiou, Chin-Chun, and 邱金春. "Identification of Cymbidium spp. by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00190219285461565041.
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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>園藝學系<br>85<br>Morphological traits and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA
(RAPD) markerswere used to study the identification and
discrimination of Cymbidium species.The purposes of this study
were to establish the molecular markers for discrimination of
the Cymbidium spp. and cultivars and to explore the
relationships of genetic linkage among the Cymbidium spp. and
cultivars. The data of phenotype characters and growth habit
showed that the tenCymbidium spp. can be discriminated followed
the order of serrulated marginof leaf, leaf shape, leaf size,
and growth habit. However, fifteen cultivars ofCymbidium can
only be parly discriminated with leaf stripes and leaf shape.
Twenty DNA primers, which generated clear and discriminative
polymorphicDNA fragments, were selected from 300 random primers
to discriminate ten Cymbidium species. Of 79 polymorphic DNA
fragments, 46 fragment were species-specific and 33 fragments
were presented between two Cymbidium spp. Therewere averaged
12.5 amplified DNA fragments a-nd 3.9 DNA polymorphic
markersgenerated by each primer. The results of linkagof cluster
analysis revealedthat the ten Cymbidium spp. can be classified
into four groups, the first group includes terrestrial plants of
C. rubrigemmum, C. ensifolium var. misericors, C. karan, C.
sinense and C.tortisepalum, the second group includes C.
lancifolium form aspidistrifolium and C. formosanum, the third
group includes epiphytic plants of C. Sensation and C. pumilumm,
and the fourth group includes C. dayanum var. austro-japonicum
with the lowest similar-ity with other Cymbidium spp. Eleven DNA
primers were selected from 300 random primers to discriminate
fifteen cultivars of Cymbidium. Of 21 polymorphic DNA fragments
which discriminated eleven cultivars of Cymbidiu sinense, 11
fragments were cultivar-specific and 10 were shared among two to
four cultivars. There were averaged 11 amplified DNA fragments
and 1.9 DNA polymorphic markers gener-ated by each primer. The
results of linkage cluster analysis revealed that the eleven
cultivars of Cymbidium sinense can be classified into four
groups, the first group includes C. sinense and `taur-ji', the
second group includes `rueih-baau', `yarng-ming-jiin', `jin-
shan', `shyueh-bair-jaau' and`shyuh-huarng', thethird group
includes ` shyr-mern', and the fourth groupincludes `jin-huah-
shan' and `shih-ba-hsiieh-shih'.
29
Lin, Yin-Shan, and 林吟珊. "Identification of Peanut Genetic diversity by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA markers." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77913625353644316682.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立高雄師範大學<br>生物科學研究所<br>89<br>Abstract
The 115 peanut varieties as materials in this research include important released breeding varieties and common used progenitors of breeding in the past in Taiwan, introduced varieties with rust and leafspot resistance, and the breeding varieties recently released from Tainan District Agricultural Improvement Station.
Observing the phenotypes, characters of pods and seeds of these 115 varieties, varieties in each group have above 90% relativity in four traits, including procumbent, decumbent or erect growth habits, early or late flowering, leaf size and seed dormancy. Therefore, we may classify them by these four characters first. And with other assistant traits, we may further classify them into four botanical types as Spanish, Valencia, Virginia Bunch and Virginia Runner type.
Using SDS-PAGE analysis of the 115 varieties, we planned to separate them into six groups (the four botanical types, leafspot resistant group and high oil content group) by their protein profiles. Although no obvious differences among the six groups were found, we still can distinguish individual varieties by their own specific protein patterns, except 12 varieties.
Furthermore, the differences of peanut genomes were directly detected by RAPD (Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) in DNA level. We selected 5 suitable random primers with their polymorphism and well reappearance from 44 random primers. We combined RAPD analysis of OPA-09, OPA-12, OPB-03, and OPB-08 primers whose genetic similarity coefficients are between 44~63 to calculate their combined genetic similarity coefficient of the 115 varieties, and to get dendrograms by UPGMA cluster analysis. By the dendrogram, we classified 115 peanuts varieties into I, II,Ⅲand Ⅳ groups. There are 17 varieties in group I, and most of them are Virginia Bunch or Virginia Runner type (only Tainan 14 is Spanish type ) and have disease resistance. Group II are complicated. Group Ⅲ are all Valencia type. Group IV are Spanish type and have high oil content, except Pongfu 3.
In conclusion, this study shows that traditional investigation of phenotypes, characters of pods and seeds is a possible way to classify them into four botanical types. The protein profile can be used to distinguish individual variety of peanuts. In addition, with proper combination of OPA-09, OPA-12, OPB-03, and OPB-08 random primers, RAPD analysis can be used to explore the genetic diversity among peanut varieties and group them initially. Above results would be helpful to peanut breeders.
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Lee, Shough-Peng, and 李碩朋. "Identification of native Dendrobium species by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA Markers." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35571663803232979822.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>園藝學系<br>90<br>Genetic diversity and relatedness were assessed among 19 Dendrobium species such as D. chameleon, D. erumenatum, D. candidum, etc., using 10 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers. Of these Dendrobium studied, 14 are native in Taiwan, 2 from the Philippinges and 3 from mainland China. The phalaenopsis aphrodite seedlings derived from tissue culture were included for comparison. The plant morphology and biological traits were also investigated to study ecological effects on genetic composition. The plant growth was influenced by its epiphytic site and intercepted light intensity. Grown on rocks, the plant has smaller pseudobulb and less leaves than that grown in woods. The latter may be two times of the size of the former. Different Dendrobium species could be distinguished by the color,size and shape of flower. Other morphological traits could also be used to separate different species, such as angle of leaf growth, color of pseudobulb, internode length and growth habit. The brilliant orange color of D. clavatum is the most beautiful, follower by pink series of D. falconeri, D. linawianum and D. miyakei. The bright white color of D. crumenatum. and yellow series of D. tosaense are also valuable. The flowering period of individual flower was longest in D. tosaense (15 days) , followed by D. linawinanum (11 d) and D. leptocladum and D. moniliforme (10 d), The shortest flowering period was observed in D. crumenatum and Flickingeria comata with life span less than one day. Self-pollination was found successful in D. clavatum , D. tosaense and F. comate. About 50% of fruit set from self- pollination was obtained in D. equitans, D. leptocladum, D. linawianum and Epigeneium nakaharaei. Cross pollination enhanced fruit set in D. crumenatum, D. falconeri, D. linawinanum and D. moniliforme. Twenty Operon primers (OPE-01~20) were used to screen for polymorphism. The results showed interspecific divergency. The Dendrobium species surveyed were classified into six groups. D. crumenatum from both Green Island and the Philippines as a group, D. miyakei(from both the Philippines and Orchid Island), D. chameleon and Epigeneium sanseiense in group Ⅱ, D. moniliforme, D. candidum, D. tosaense, and D. falconeri (from Ku-kuan, Sun-Link —Sea & Yun-Nan) in group Ⅲ, D. clavatum and D. linawianum in group Ⅳ, D. somai and D. leptocladum in groupⅤ, Flickingeria comata, F. tairukountia and F. finbriata in group Ⅵ. Low similarity value detected from D. miyakei suggested it as another genus. Species in group Ⅱ and Ⅴ may also be treated as independent genera. Genetic diversity as well as morphological difference existed between accessions of the same species from different regions. As in D. falconeri, accessions from Ku-kuan and Sun-Link —Sea are genetically more similar in between than to that from Yun-Nan, China. Geographical distance might affect intra specific similarity.
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Nagaraja, G. M. "Genetic analysis of Bombyx mori using Random amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers." Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/1354.
Full text
32
Lai, Pei-Shan, and 賴佩珊. "Evaluation of genetic diversity in soybean by random amplified polymorphic DNA markers." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07397659069155390322.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立嘉義大學<br>生物科技研究所<br>91<br>Soybean, Glycine max（L.） Merrill, is an annual crop and belongs to Leguminosae Glycine. When soybean is grown at green pod (R6) stage, it can be used as a vegetable soybean. In order to enhance the competition ability in the market of vegetable soybean for Taiwan, new cultivars developed by breeders are needed. If a fast and correct technique can set up to analyze genetic diversity among cultivars, it will be a great contribution to many breeders. The purpose of this study was to collect various soybean accessions in Taiwan, using RAPD to analysis. Hope to set a complete soybean accessions genetic diversity bank in a short time. We collected 62 different soybean accessions which included 24 vegetable soybean, 25 black soybean, 6 Chia bean (brown vegetable soybean) and 3 manure soybean from Tainan District Agricultural Improvement Stations, Kao-Hsiung District Agricultural Improvement Stations and Asian Vegetable Research Development Center. Following tested with 113 primers, 100 random primers from University of British Columbia (UBC) (set# 1) and 13 random primers according to Mienie et al.(1995). The result indicates 6 random primers (OPA-19、OPA-07、OPB-03、OPC-07、OPE-01、OPE-14) among these PCR products could results in consisting of species specific polymorphic bands. Use Nei＆Li (1979) to calculate genetic similarity matrix, and then to get dendrograms by UPGMA cluster analysis. It is found that the genetic similarity matrix was between 0.35-1.00 among these 62 soybean accessions. From the dendrogram, 62 soybean accessions may be divided into three groups. Group Ⅰincludes 40 accessions. These accessions can be further separated into four subgroups, ⅠA, ⅠB, ⅠC and ⅠD. In ⅠB and ⅠD subgroup, most of the analyzed accessions are black soybean. And in ⅠA and ⅠC subgroup, most of the species are vegetable soybean. There are 15 accessions in groupⅡ, and all of them are vegetable soybean and Chia bean. Seven accessions, most of them are black soybean, fallen in Group Ⅲ. We also found that the vegetable soybean and Chia bean cluster’s genetic diversity is low (>78% similarity), and in black soybean cluster’s genetic diversity is high (>63% similarity).
RAPD analysis can be used to explore the genetic diversity among soybean accessions and separate them initially to vegetable soybean and Chia bean, vegetable soybean and others, and black soybean and others groups and get information about the relationship between these soybean accessions.
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Nsabimana, Antoine. "Establishing genetic diversity of Rwanda highland banana using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4670.
Full textAbstract:
The characterization of the banana germplasm collection from Rubona - Rwanda was
investigated using morphological and cytological characteristics of the genomic groups.
Genetic diversity was assessed using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA analysis.
The survey was conducted to evaluate the distribution of banana cultivars in the four
major growing regions of Rwanda.
A total of 90 accessions from the National Banana Germplasm Collection at Rubona
Rwanda were characterized and six characters of the fingers (length, width, weight,
green life, post green life and length/width ratio) were subjected to principal component
analysis (PCA). The cooking and beer clones were separated. The cooking clones were
further grouped into three clone sets: Musakala, Nakabululu, and one that constitutes
Nakitembe and Nfuuka clone sets. The AAB genomic group was separated from AAA,
AB and ABB genomic groups.
The results from the survey showed that East African Highland bananas are the most
important genotype group in the four major banana growing regions of Rwanda ranging
between 60 - 90% of banana mats counted. Several new Highland banana cultivars
were recorded, such as 'Intokatoke', 'Igihuna', 'Ingenge', 'Ingaju', 'Icyerwa', 'Mitoki',
'Madamu', 'Inkokobora', 'Intokekazi', 'Bugoyi', 'Ishoki'. Amongst these cultivars, some
were classified as cooking and others as brewing bananas. However, in the National
Banana Germplasm Collection at Rubona - Rwanda, the uses of these cultivars are
recorded differently therefore increasing the need for agro-morphological
characterization.
The assessment of ploidy level of accessions from the National Banana Germplasm
Collection at Rubona - Rwanda, by flow cytometry showed misclassification of some
accessions such as 'Pomme', 'Kamaramasenge', 'Gisubi kayinja', 'Gisubi kagongo', and
'Dibis' which were classified as diploid, diploid, triploid, and tetraploid respectively. They
IV
were found to be triploid, triploid, triploid, diploid and triploid. All these bananas were
recently introduced into Rwanda, while the endemic Highland bananas were triploid.
The genomic group and genetic similarities of 49 accessions were investigated using
Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA markers. The genomic group of bananas
assessed were established using OPA-18 (PILLAY et al., 2000) and OPG-17 primers.
These primers showed bands 441 and 443 base pairs (bp) respectively for the
accessions having only the B genome. Whilst they were absent for the accessions
"
having an A genome. The genetic similarity was estimated via a Simple Matching
coefficient which showed the lowest value 0.46 measured between 'Ingumba' and
'Ishika 'and the highest value of 0.85 between 'Kirayenda' and 'Inyabukuwe'. The data
of matrix of coefficient of similarity was subjected to cluster analysis with unweighted
pair group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA). Each accession was clearly
separated demonstrating the usefulness of RAPDs in analysis of genetic diversity. The
results of this study are very important to the Curator of the banana germplasm
collection in Eastern Central Africa and for the future breeding of this crop.<br>Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2006.
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Wang, Jau-Yueh, and 王昭月. "Identifications of Capsicum spp. by Isozymes and Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94172284351782431844.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>園藝學系<br>83<br>Morphological traits,isozymes and randomly amplified polymor-
phic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to study the identification
of Capsicum species.The purposes of this study were to
establish molecular markers for classification of the Capsicum
spp., to establish the genetic linkage relationships and a
quick, technique for the identification of seed purity of
Capsicum spp. The results of isozyme analysis indicated that
there were significantly different in the zymograms of EST,
GOT, PGI, PGM, PRX, SkDH and SOD between C. annuum L. and C.
chinense Jacquin. Distinctly polymorphic patterns were
exhibited among the C. annuum L., but only three lines can be
distinguished. Besides, the isozyme patterns might vary with
different extracting buffers and sampling positions. For
example, the expressions of PRX, SOD and PGI were clearer in
lower leaf, GOT, PGM and SkDH in middle leaf and EST in upper
leaf. A total of 10 primers was selected from 300 random
primers that showed the polymorphic patterns in Capsicum spp..
Among , the RAPD patterns of six primers,i.e."UBC 313","UBC
327" , "UBC 346", "UBC 457","UBC 483" and "UBC 484", could
clearly eight tested Capsicum lines and might be used as an
effective for the identification of F1 hybrids and cultivated
varieties of Capsicum spp.. The results of linkage cluster
analysis revealed that the genetic background of 12 cultivars
was very similar, and might originate from P852. Among the
five inbred lines of sweet pepper, P1717 had a closer relation
with P852, next by P1657 and P1740, but P 859 was farthest.The
three hot pepper lines belonged to different population, when
compared with these five inbred lines of sweet pepper. The
results suggested that the RAPD markers is preciser and more
sensitive than morphological and isozyme identifications and
can be used as an effective tool to distinguish plant
germplasms.
35
Wang, Zhao-Yue, and 王昭月. "Identifications of capsicum spp. by isozymes and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25557591573302930114.
Full text
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Lopez-Buesa, Otilia. "Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers as tags for the major virus-resistance genes in cucumber." 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/33036230.html.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1994.<br>Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 10-12).
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Liu, Yi-Chin, and 劉怡君. "Identification of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. by Morphological Traits and Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67411824389673206103.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>園藝學系<br>84<br>Summary The clusis analysis with both the
morphological traits and the RAPD marker data were used to
identify 16 bermudagrass cultivars. It was the first time RAPD
method been used on bermudagrass for cultivar identification.
The goals for this experiment are: 1)To build up a database for
bermudagrass morphological characters, and use the data for
cluster analysis to construct relationship data between
cultivars. 2)Testing the reliability of RAPD test compare to the
morphological traits. 3)Develop an accurate and rapid
techniquefor cultivar identification. The morphological
traits were measured based on the categories for
Gramineaegrasses. Both qualitative and quantitative characters
including: ligual, hairs on the edges of collar, pubescence on
leaf blade and on leaf back, stem color,plant height, texture of
the leaf and the canopy of the grass were used to describe the
characteristics of 16 bermudagrass collected. We quantitized
those qualitative characters then added up with the quantitative
charactersfor similarity cluster analysis. With the cluster
analysis, 16 bermudagrass cultivars were separated into three
groups. Selected from 100 primers tested, four were chosen to
be useful forcultivar identification using RAPD marker. Four
primers were able to produce polymorphic DNA fragments to
clearly identify N1, 0035 and 0036 varieties.With cluster
analysis, 16 bermudagrass cultivars were separated into
threegroups. Menbers of the three groups are corresponding to
three types of bermudagrass according to their plant heitht and
genetic constituent. The use of RAPD marker data for
bermudagrass identification were proved to be useful by
comparing the results with morphological traits data. Except for
Tifway,15 cultivars were easily categorized into three types
(common, dwarf, or semi-dwarf) by either RAPD or morphological
traits method. The primerbank may need to be expanded for the
selection of right primer used to separate every bermudagrass
cultivars. From our experiments, use of the RAPD marker for
cultivar identification is a quick and reliable method. A large
scale selection of primers suitable for RAPD on bermudagrass has
to be held before the method can be efficiently used.
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Bush, Stephen Paul. "Random amplified polymorphic DNA markers to study clonal diversity in different aged populations of Ammophila breviligulata." 1996. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI9709578.
Full textAbstract:
The analysis of the colonization and development of communities on islands, or the Theory of Island Biogeography, predicts an initial increase of species upon newly exposed islands. However, as the extent of species invasion increases, species extinction also increases. Eventually, an equilibrium is reached where species recruitment is balanced by species extinction. To investigate whether genetic change within clonal plant populations parallels community development upon islands, this study investigated genetic diversity in different-aged populations of Ammophila breviligulata. Results from previous studies of Ammophila breviligulata have yielded conflicting conclusions. Laing found sexual reproduction to be infrequent in mature populations of A. breviligulata, and, therefore, suggested that genetic diversity must decrease as A. breviligulata populations age. In three different aged populations of A. breviligulata, Carlson, using isozymes, found that the number of genotypes per population increased with increasing population age. Using RAPDs, I determined genetic diversity in four young (between two and six years) and four old populations (greater than one-hundred years) of A. breviligulata. Young populations contained an intermediate number of genets, while old populations varied in clonal diversity. Populations of A. breviligulata examined in this study were founded by a diversity of propagules. However, sexual reproduction and vegetative immigration may be limited in some older populations, and thus the lack of continual recruitment in A. breviligulata populations may cause departures from the assumptions of the island colonization model. Alternatively, sporadic sexual reproduction may occur in some older populations, and clonal diversity could thus be maintained or increased over time, as was found in one population of this study. The variance in the number of genets within old A. breviligulata populations indicates that genetic diversity in different aged populations is not correlated with predicted community changes on islands. RAPDs may be useful in identifying genets in natural populations, since similar patterns of clonal diversity were detected within populations by both RAPDs and isozymes, although RAPDs detected a somewhat greater number of genets. Somatic mutation within genets may possibly be detected by RAPDs and isozymes.
39
Lee, Shao-Pei, and 李紹珮. "Analysis of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers associated with yield traits of tomato under heat stress." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82955925450323541644.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>中國文化大學<br>生物科技研究所<br>92<br>Tomato contains many kinds of chemical constituents, such as Vitamin C and lycopene, which are considered as free radicals scavenger and thus protects people from some chronic disorders or reduces the rate of some cancers. Most tomato varieties are adaptive to warm and dry weather, and don’t show heat tolerance. The optimum temperature for growing tomato is 15-20/20-26 °C night/ day. During summer time in Taiwan, the production of tomato is decreased due to high temperature and high rainfall.
Heat tolerance of tomato is a quantitatively inherited trait and easily affected by environmental conditions. A total of 43 F7 recombinant inbred lines derived from a heat tolerant CL 5915 crossed with a heat sensitive L4422 (L. Pimpinellifolium) were grown in the screenhouse at PCCU in the summer of 2002. Five heat tolerance-related traits were scored: flower number, fruit number, fruit set, fruit weight and fruit yield. RAPD analysis was used to identify any primer associated with the flower number, fruit number and fruit weight by bulking DNAs of skewed lines (bulked segregant analysis). A total of 200 random primers were screened. Only 14 RAPD-PCR products generated by OPERON primer with DNA template from L4422, CL5915 and F7 RILs (Recombinant inbred line) were found with polymorphism. Among them, 88 bands were amplified, in which 23 bands showed informative and were used for χ2 test. An average of 1.6 bands out of 6.3 bands was generated by a primer and thought to be informative. Combination of the mentioned 5 traits and the informative markers, we were able to identify and locate the RAPD markers linked to the QTL of traits using Mapmaker/EXP 3.0b and Mapmaker/QTL 1.1b softwares. Two linkage groups were constructed from Mapmaker: C09 and S13; K06, K14, and P08. Nevertheless, all these 5 primers didn’t show any linkage to the five heat tolerance-related traits.
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Hou, ya-wen, and 侯雅文. "Construction of a linkage map based on RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA)markers in Cucumis melo L." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71442632451340748353.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>輔仁大學<br>生物學系<br>84<br>This research project is intended to construct a RAPD (random
amplified polymorphic DNAs) linkage map of Cucumis melo L.
Conditions such as the amount of DNA template,the concentration
of Mg+2 ions available,the annealing temperature of the primer
used and its duration were optimized to generate reproducible
RAPDpatterns.Furthermore,a F2 population was established from a
F1 plant obtained from a cross of a Eastern melon ♀ parent (cv.
SLK-V-052) and a musk melon ♂ parent (cv. PI-414723) .Fourty
five prescreened from 300 random 10-mer oligonucleotides primers
(with GC% between 50% and 90%) were able to produce DNA
polymorphisms among parental lines and F1 in a preliminary
survey. Their segregation patterns in RAPDs were subsequently
examined on a F2 mapping population comprising of 98
individuals. So far, 20 polymorphic RAPD markers were analyzed.
The mapping distances of 19 RAPD markers were computed using the
software "Linkage1" and their plausible map locations were
determined.In summary, 7 linkage groups spanning 422.61 cM was
recognized.
41
Lin, Cheng Chieh, and 林政潔. "Application of Morphological Traits and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers on Cultivar Identification of Capsicum annuum L." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75770954719698825603.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>園藝學系<br>86<br>Morphological traits and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA
(RAPD) markers are used to identify their relationship of 49
pepper(Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars from Know You and Evergrow
Seed Companies. Twenty five horticultural traits based on the
classification system of National Plant Genetic Resource Center
showed that the morphological traits of seed, leaf, flower, and
fruit can be used to distinguish 49 Capsicum annuum L.
cultivars. By utilization of the differences of 14 fruit
characteristics to test these 49 cultivars that they could not
be fully distinguished by the morphological traits along.A total
of 10 DNA primers are selected from 110 random primers which has
shown the polymorphic patterns among 7 pepper cultivars from
Know You Seed Company. Ten of the 110 primers, i. e. UBC-327,
UBC-484, UBC-002, UBC-005, UBC-019, UBC-020, UBC-042, UBC-043,
UBC-066, UBC-084, showed polymorphism and could distinguish all
49 Capsicum annuum L. cultivars. The least similarity of cluster
analysis is about 81% among cultivars by 10 primers.Pepper
cultivars with UBC-019m(1330bp) or UBC-020j(1800bp) band belong
to group of hot pepper cultivars with UBC-043e(1300bp) band had
strong pungency, narrower fruit shape, and smooth fruit surface.
Hot pepper only showed cultivars with UBC-020j(1800bp) band but
without UBC-043e(1300bp) band are slight pungency , wider fruit
shape, and groove fruit surface, such as ‵Peace Star′ and ‵
Group Stars′ cultivars of Know You Seed Company. The
dendrograms displayed sweet pepper and hot pepper can be
distinguished through the cluster analysis of using RAPD
markers. Cultivar ‵Uranus′ showed proximate genetic
relationship with ‵Big Star′ of Know You Seed Company. And
Know You cultivars of ‵Peace Star′ and ‵Group Stars′ were
clustered in the same group with Evergrow Seed Company cultivars
of ‵Lady Square′ and ‵Summer Bell′. The same as ‵Vega′ and
‵Beauty Bell′ cultivars of Know You Seed Company and ‵Square
Lamuyo′, ‵Rich Square′, and ‵Blocky Red′ cultivars of
Evergrow Seed Company. The result of genetic relationship among
49 Capsicum annuum L. cultivars based on RAPD markers are
similarity with cluster analysis of morphological traits.
42
Edwards, Nicola Rachel. "Optimisation of the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique for the characterisation of selected South African maize (Zea mays L.) breeding material." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/9812.
Full textAbstract:
Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important agronomic crop with the maize industry forming an
important component of the South African economy. Considerable effort has been directed
towards the genetic improvement of maize through both conventional breeding and
biotechnology. Genotype identification by DNA fingerprinting is becoming an important activity
in plant breeding. A widely used molecular based and relatively inexpensive method for DNA
fingerprinting is the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. The RAPD
technique was tested in this study for its potential use in maize breeding programmes. Initial
results using the technique showed a low degree of reproducibility, therefore both the DNA
isolation and RAPD protocols were extensively optimised. DNA quality and quantity, and choice
of Taq polymerase buffer were three of the variables found to be influential in ensuring
reproducibility. The ability of the RAPD technique to characterise seven maize genotypes was
evaluated. Sixty random oligonucleotide primers were screened. Forty two primers scored a
total of 233 fragments (an average of 5.5 per primer), but not all primers gave reproducible
profiles. Eighteen primers scored a total of 110 loci for the presence (1) and absence (0) of DNA
fragments. RAPD markers were able to distinguish between all seven genotypes with five primers
producing specific fragments for four genotypes. Genetic similarity matrices were calculated
using two software programmes i.e. Genstat 5™ release 4.1 (1993) and PAUP (Phylogenetic
Analysis Using Parsimony) 4.0 beta version (Swafford, 1998). Cluster analysis was used to
generate dendrograms to visualise the genetic relationships of the seven maize genotypes (only
minor differences were observed between the Genstat or PAUP method of analysis). Genetic
diversity ranged from 0.62 to 0.96. The estimation of genetic relationship was in accordance with
the presumed pedigree of the genotypes showing that the RAPD technique demonstrates potential
for genome analysis of maize. The applicability of the technique for marker assisted selection was
also evaluated. Near-isogenic lines (NILs) for leaf blight (Helminthosporium spp.) were screened
for polymorphisms using a total of 120 primers. Ten primers identified polymorphisms between
the NILs. Four primers produced five polymorphic fragments present in the resistant inbred
K0315Y and absent in the susceptible inbred D0940Y. A small F2 population of 14 individuals
was produced by selfing the F1 of a cross between K0315Y and D0940Y. To speed up the generation time, the F1 and F2 plants were cultured by embryo rescue from 18d old harvested
seed. One fragment of 627 base pairs produced by primer OPB-01 (5' GTTTCGCTCC 3')
showed a 3: 1 segregation in the small F2 population and was considered putatively linked to the
HtN gene for leaf blight resistance. This study shows that the RAPD technique does have
application in maize breeding programmes.<br>Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2000.
43
Min, Tee See, and 鄭思敏. "Genetic Diversity in Colocasia and Xanthosoma Based on Morphological Traits, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) Markers." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28240061297483500453.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>園藝學系<br>93<br>Abstract
The genetic diversity of 30 Colocasia (KCC) and 14 Xanthosoma (KCX) accessions collected from Taiwan and other places were evaluated by morphological traits, RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) and SSR (simple sequence repeats). Data for 28 characters of shoot, 9 characters of corm and 2 indexes were subjected to a genetic diversity analysis and the UPGMA cluster analysis was performed. The 44 accessions were clustered into 2 groups according to genus with genetic similarity of 0.32. The Colocasia accessions were clustered into 3 subgroups. KCC175 was independence from other accessions with 0.57 similarities. The second subgroup was composed of 14 accessions with the genetic similarity of 0.52 which included accessions with whitish or green leaf vein, corm flesh with slightly fibrous and white in color. The others comprised the third subgroup with the genetic similarity beyond 0.66. Most of the accessions with purple leaf vein, corm flesh with very fibrous and purple in color were included in this group.
A total of 221 RAPD bands, which a means of 10.4 band by each primer, were generated using 15 out of 88 primers in the RAPD analysis. The polymorphism was 98.2%. All accessions were clustered into 2 groups in the RAPD analysis. The similarity within KCX accessions was 0.85 compared to 0.71 within KCC accessions. All KCX accessions except KCX002 were indistinguishable. All KCC accessions were clustered into 8 subgroups. KCC131 and 132 were in the first subgroup with genetic similarity 0.71. KCC002, 004, 062 and 064 were the only accession in subgroup with 0.77, 0.81, 0.78 and 0.84 similarities respectively. The 4th subgroup consisted of KCC029 and 050 which similarity was 0.85. The 6th subgroup included KCC145, 169 and CHC01 with similarity 0.84. The largest subgroup included other 19 accessions with similarity 0.85.
In analyzing KCC accessions from SSR results, a total of 73 bands were generated using 13 out of 49 primer pairs. The means of bands generated by a primer pairs was 5.2 and the polymorphism was 93.2%. Thirty accessions were clustered into 5 groups with similarity 0.72. The similarity of the first subgroup included KCC029, 050 and 062 was 0.74. KCC131 and 132 comprised the second group with similarity 0.96. The third group consisted of 6 accessions that had similarity 0.78 and the forth group consisted of KCC002, 004 and 064 with similarity 0.74. The similarity of the fifth group that composed of other 16 accessions had 0.72 similarity.
Taro germplasm could be identified by morphology such as leaf blade margin color, leaf vein color, color of corm flesh, flesh fibre and number of cormels. The molecular markers could be used to analyze the accessions within groups. The genetic diversity of the 44 taro accessions could be identified by at least 2 RAPD primers or 4 SSR primer pairs.
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Song, Zong-Han, and 宋宗翰. "Identification And Subtyping Of Oleaginous Yeasts From Taiwan Coast By Random Amplification Of Polymorphic DNA Molecular Markers And Ribosomal RNA Sequencing Techniques." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02904358713199698605.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>輔仁大學<br>生命科學系碩士班<br>99<br>In response to climate change and fossil energy shortage, environmental sustainability and fuel substitute become more and more important to everyone on Earth. Therefore, the development of renewable energy is one of the important directions for further research. Among the different possible alternative energy source, oleaginous microorganisms play an important role in the biofuel industry. There are many species of yeasts and filamentous fungi have the capability to synthesize the oil drops in their cell. The purpose of this study was to isolated the wild yeasts strains from Taiwan coast and investigated their phylogenetic relationship. The molecular genetic approach by using RAPD biomarker and rRNA gene sequencing, and technique for detection lipid drops was using Nile Red stain. The 192 oleaginous microbes isolated from Taiwan coast were fallen into 11 groups by 5 random primer of RAPD. Analysis of 26S and ITS rRNA gene sequencing and the phylogenetic tree based on 3 different algorithms identified that there were 8 different genus and 13 different species in the 11 groups by RAPD. Although the ITS and 26S rRNA gene sequencing results of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Rhodosporidium paludigenum were too similar to be distinguished as separate species, there’s a definite classification result between them by the rapid-resolving resulting patterns from RAPD.
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Kuan, Jung-Hao, and 關榮豪. "Study on Establishment of Genetic Polymorphism of Microsatellite DNA Markers in Wild-type and Aquaculture Populations of Yellowfin Seabream (Acanthopagrus latus)." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64830083673839969940.
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Tsai, Tzung-Yu, and 蔡宗育. "Genetic Diversity in butterhead and crisphead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) by using Morphological Traits, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Sequence Characterized Amplified Regions (SCAR) Markers." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59226251002783909910.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>園藝學系所<br>96<br>The genetic diversity of 31 butterhead (BUT) and 26 crisphead (CRP) accessions were evaluated by morphological traits, RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) and SCAR (Sequence Characterized Amplified Regions). Data for 19 morphological traits were subjected to a genetic diversity analysis, after which a UPGMA cluster analysis was performed. The 57 accessions were clustered into 2 groups according to type with genetic similarity of 0.38. The first group included 15 accessions form Tainan and 3 accessions form the National Germplasm of the USA, which were clustered into 5 subgroups with the similarity beyond 0.61. The second group included 10 crisphead and 26 butterhead accessions, which were clustered into 6 subgroups with the similarity beyond 0.70.
A total of 271 RAPD bands, with a mean band of 9.3 for each primer, were generated using 29 out of 130 primers in the RAPD analysis. The polymorphism was 53.9%. All accessions were clustered into 3 groups in the RAPD analysis. The first group included 13 crisphead accessions form the Taiwan agricultural research institute(TARI) with the similarity 0.86. The second group including 15 accessions form the Tainan district agricultural research and extention station(TDARES)、3 accessions form USA and 3 butterhead accessions with the similarity 0.88. The first, second and fourth subgroups included crisphead accessions. The third and fifth subgroups included 3 butterhead accessions. The third group was composed of 23 butterhead accessions with a the similarity of 0.82.
In analyzing results from SCAR of butterhead and crisphead accessions, a total of 100 bands were generated using 21 out of 51 primer pairs. The means of bands generated by a primer pairs was 4.8 and the polymorphism was 73%. The 57 accessions were clustered into 3 groups. The first group included 13 crisphead accessions form the TARI with the similarity 0.76. The second group including 15 accessions form TDARES with a similarity of 0.88. The third group was composed of 26 butterhead and 3 accessions the USA with a similarity of 0.88. The analysis of RAPD and SCAR result in the main group of the dendrogram showed a similarity of 0.78~0.86 based on RAPD markers and which the SCAR markers displayed a similarity 0.68~0.78. The analysis of RAPD and SCAR result in the subgroup of the dendrogram showed a similarity of 0.84~0.96 based on RAPD markers and which the SCAR markers displayed a similarity 0.88~0.97.
Lettuce germplasm could be identified by morphological characteristics such as leaf color, leaf texture and head type. The molecular markers could be used to cluster accessions into groups by SCAR and subgroups by RAPD successfully.
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Chen, I.-Hsiu, and 陳怡秀. "Paternity exclusion and outcross rate of Machilus thunbergii Sieb. & Zucc. in Ta-tun Natural Park, Yang-min-shan National Park using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07551252904058412038.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>森林學研究所<br>88<br>The utility of RAPD for exclusion of nonsire, estimation of outcrossing rate, and distance of pollen transfer in population of Machilus thunbergii was assessed. Two random primers generated 83 fragments and 138 fragments by using agarose gel and polyacrylamide gel, respectively. Of these, 68 (81.93%) and 98 (71.10%) were polymorphic. One hundred and thirty-seven (83%) and 53 (32%) of 165 seedlings could be assigned paternity with resolved agarose gel and polyacrylamide gel, respectively. The multilocus outcrossing rate (tm) estimated from two random primers resolved by agarose gel was between 0.889 and 0.997, which is not different significantly from the estimates by polyacrylamide gel between 0.943 and 0.974. The estimation for Wright’s fixation index was lower than expected based on tm, indicating an excess of heterozygotes than expected in the seedling population. The distance of pollen transfer for 11 maternal plants averaged 163m and the longest gene-flow distance covered is approximatly 348m. The study indicated that the population of Machilus thunbergii was highly outcrossing which agrees well with absolutely outcrossing based on morphological observation.
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Saidi, Mwema Hadija. "Forensic identification of six of Tanzanian populations using the extended haplotype markers." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3571.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the power of discrimination and genetic(diversity) parameters in the Y chromosome extended haploytpe markers in populations of Tanzania for forensic and populations studies. Eleven Y chromosome extended haplotype markers were selected for this study, these includes Minimal haplotypes markers i.e. DYS19, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS385a/b, DYS389I/II and two additional markers DYS438 and DYS439. Six populations of Tanzania were investigated under this study. These populations were selected based on the language family categories; Niger Congo (Kuria and Sukuma), Nilo Saharan (Luo and Maasai) and Afro Asiatic (Iraqw and Alagwa).Buccal swabs were collected from unrelated males from Mwanza province (Sukuma),Mara (Kuria and Luo), Arusha (Maasai and Iraqw) and Dodoma province (Alagwa).Samples were typed using ABI 377 Genetic Analyser (Applied Biosystem) followed by analysis using softwares Gelprocessor, GeneScan 3.0.0 (Applied Biosystems) and Genotyper 3.7 (Applied Biosystems). The data obtained were analysed by GenePop 4.0,Arlequin 3.11 and Genetix v.4.05.2 software packages. Analyses such as AMOVA, Fst population pairwise comparison, Factorial component Analysis were used to obtain Allele frequency, haplotype frequency, gene diversities among various loci and levels of gene flow between populations.For the overall individuals, the highest Gene Diversity value was 0.8251 (DYS385) and the lowest was 0.2723 (DYS392). The overall Haplotype Diversity was 0.9984 and Discrimination capacity resulted 84.27%. A total of 225 distinct haplotypes were identified in 267 individuals, 28 were shared, the most frequent haplotype was present in 5 individuals. The levels of genetic diversity for the haplotypes per group as revealed
by haplotype diversities confirmed that the most diverse group being Sukuma, Kuria,Iraqw, Maasai, Luo and Alagwa being the least diverse. The Discrimination capacity of these set of markers showed the highest value in Sukuma population (100%) subsequently followed by Iraqw, Luo, Maasai, Kuria and Alagwa (78.38%) being the lowest. Analysis of Molecular Variance showed a significant differentiation among populations, 93.96% of variance was found within population and 6.04% among population. Population pairwise results between all population pairs (except Sukuma and kuria and Alagwa and Luo) showed significant results (P < 0.05).
Genetic heterogeneity that was found among Tanzanian populations could not be
attributed to language barriers but was largely being contributed by a limited level of gene flow between these populations due to different ethnical, social, cultural and
historical backgrounds between them. All Y chromosome extended haplotype loci used in this study (except DYS392 and DYS391 which showed the lowest level of
polymorphism) were found to be likely useful for forensic application in Tanzania.
Furthermore the extended haplotype markers used in this study may be useful in the establishment of the National DNA database following the enactment of the Human DNA Legislation in Tanzania (http://www.parliament.go.tz).<br>Magister Scientiae - MSc
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Dzhivhuho, Godfrey Azwinndini. "Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers for human identification in the vhembe District, Limpopo Province, South Africa." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/209.
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"EFFECT OF PHOTOPERIOD ON THE ADAPTATION OF CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.) TO THE CANADIAN PRAIRIES." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-09-2261.
Full textAbstract:
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) was recently introduced to the Canadian prairies, a region which has a short growing season in which crop maturation often occurs under cool and wet conditions. To improve the yield of chickpea, crop duration must closely match the available growing season. The objectives of this study were to: i) examine the days to flowering of diverse chickpea accessions grown in either long or short-days; ii) examine the days to flowering of selected chickpea accessions grown in a range of thermal regimes combined with either long or short days and to examine the interaction between photoperiod and day and night temperatures on crop duration; iii) determine the timing and duration of the photoperiod-sensitive phase in selected chickpea accessions, and vi) determine the genetic basis of the association between flowering time and reaction to ascochyta blight in chickpea.
A wide variation was observed in chickpea accessions for their response to flowering under long (16/8 hours day /night) and short days (10/14 hours day/night). Earlier flowering was observed under long photoperiod regimes compared with the short photoperiod regimes. Variability was detected among chickpea accessions for their flowering responses when different temperatures were combined with different photoperiods. Earlier flowering was observed under long days (16/8 hours day/night) coupled with high to moderate temperature regimes (24/16 ºC and 20/12 ºC, day and night respectively) compared to short-days (10/14 hours day and night) and moderate to low temperature regimes (20/12 ºC and 16/8 ºC day and night, respectively). Those chickpea accessions such as ICC 6821 and ICCV 96029 which originated from the lower latitudes of Ethiopia and India, respectively, flowered earlier compared to accessions such as CDC Corinne and CDC Frontier which originated from the higher latitudes and cooler temperate environments of western Canada. Photoperiod sensitivity phases were detected in chickpea accessions adapted to the cold environments of western Canada, whereas no photoperiod sensitivity phase was identified in the extra-early flowering cultivar ICCV 96029. The duration of the photoperiod sensitive phase in the chickpea accessions was longer under short days compared to long days.
Field and growth chamber evaluation of a chickpea RIL population (CP-RIL-1) revealed the presence of variability among the lines and the two parents for their days to flowering and level of resistance to ascochyta blight. Broad sense heritability across different site-years for days to flower 0.45 to 0.78, plant height 0.48 to 0.78, ascochyta blight resistance 0.14 to 0.68, days to maturity 0.26, photoperiod sensitivity 0.83 and nodes number of first flowering 0.37 to 0.75 were estimated. Days to flower and photoperiod sensitivity were significantly r = -0.21 to -0.58 (P ≤ 0.05 to 0.001) and -0.28 to -0.41 (P ≤ 0.01 to 0.001), respectively and negatively correlated with ascochyta blight resistance in the CP-RIL-1 population.
A genetic linkage map consisting of eight linkage groups was developed using 349 SNP markers. Seven QTLs were identified for days to flowering under growth chamber and field conditions on chromosomes 3, 5, 6 and 8 each and 3 QTLs on chromosome 4. The total phenotypic variation explained by QTLs for days to flowering ranged from 7 to 44%. Two QTLs for days to maturity were identified on chromosomes 3 and 8. Three QTLs, one each on chromosomes 3, 4 and 5 were identified for photoperiod sensitivity. The total phenotypic variation explained by each QTL for photoperiod sensitivity ranged from 7 to 41%. A total of three QTL for node of first flowering, one on chromosomes 3 and 8 each, and two on chromosome 4 were identified. The two QTL on chromosome 4 explained total phenotypic variations of 11 and 32%, respectively. Ten QTLs distributed across all chromosomes, except chromosomes 2 and 5, were identified for ascochyta blight resistance. The phenotypic variability explained by each QTL for ascochyta blight resistance ranged from 7 to 17%. The molecular markers associated with these QTLs have potential for use in chickpea breeding.