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1
Meyer, Shavonne. "Landscape history, dispersal, and the genetic structure of amphibian populations." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101625.
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Habitat fragmentation can influence the genetics of a population through the direct loss of genetic diversity, and by the genetic processes that occur as a result of small remnant populations or the geographic isolation of populations. I examined the population genetics of two woodland amphibian species in localities with different land-use histories. The wood frog (Rana sylvatica) and the red-backed salamander (Plethodon cinereus) use the same general habitat but differ with respect to a few key life-history characteristics relating to dispersal. I then compared between species the relative influence each land-use scenario had on the population genetic structure. I found that habitat fragmentation affected the population genetics of the two amphibians and did so differently for each species. The differential population genetic response of these two amphibians to habitat fragmentation reinforces the important role of life-history characteristics in how the genetic structure of a population is shaped over time.
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Stephenson, Keith. "MISSISSIPPI PERIOD OCCUPATIONAL AND POLITICAL HISTORY OF THE MIDDLE SAVANNAH RIVER VALLEY." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/194.
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Research focusing on the political economy of Mississippian mound centers in the middle Savannah River valley has prompted a reevaluation of current interpretations regarding societal complexity. I conclude the clearest expression of classic Mississippian riverine-adaptation is evident at centers immediately below the Fall Line with their political ties to chiefdom centers in the Piedmont, and especially Etowah. By contrast, those centers on the interior Coastal Plain were politically autonomous with minimal signatures in social ranking. The scale of appropriated labor and resulting level of surplus production, necessitated by upland settlement on the Aiken Plateau, fostered social contradictions making communally-oriented and decentralized societies more sustainable than hierarchical forms.
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Brokke, Kathleen Ruth Gilmore. "Transformations of the Red River Valley of the North: An Environmental History." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10365/25560.
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This environmental history of the Red River Valley from the mid 1850s ? 2000 encompasses those who lived in this tallgrass prairie region and asks how did they live within this environment? In addition, it seeks to understand how they utilized their surrounding natural world. Beyond this, with less than 1 percent of the tallgrass prairie remaining, this work showcases an important aspect of our region few know. Why is this important? The tallgrass helped create the fertile soil, which is the major reason for the high yields of wheat and other crops, and agriculture is the major industry in this region. Also, many of the native plants that once grew abundantly were eaten as food or used as medicine. A ?cornucopia? of food existed in this region. There is a loss in our Red River Valley that few know. This region was actually a complex environment, which looked remarkably simple to most who viewed the ?sea of waving grass.? This environmental history researches the changes to the surrounding tallgrasses, wetlands, and rivers, as transitions occurred from Native American to Euro-American settlers who adjusted to this new prairie environment, changing the natural world in the process as well. Geology and geography help us to understand the issues of floods in this very young river valley. This research also addresses how changes since the early 1900s have dramatically altered our rivers and wetlands, which were a major part of this landscape, and how this has impacted our lives today. My original quest was to discover how this region appeared with its differing grasses and forbs, riparian forests along the rivers, and the thriving wildlife ? bison, deer, elk, bears, wolves, and coyotes. In addition, I sought to understand how others had lived here before Euro- Americans settled in this Red River Valley. All of this is important for us to better understand our environment and ourselves and to learn from our past for our present lives as well. This is a very unique environment and we are wealthy beyond measure in our residence upon it.
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Thompson, Caleb H. "Pre-late-Wisconsin Glacial History of the Naknek River Valley, Southwestern Alaska." DigitalCommons@USU, 1996. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6787.
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The lower Naknek River in southwestern Alaska dissects thick (~20m) exposures of Pleistocene glaciogenic sediments. The stratigraphy of the deposits and their physical, geochemical, mineralogical, and geochronological properties were studies to determine the number and timing of glacial advances represented. Multivariate data reduction methods (cluster and principal component analyses) were applied to the data to differentiate diamicton beds. The results show a clear separation of drift of the lower Naknek River valley from drift of northern Bristol Bay and from younger, moraine-comprising drift up valley. Within the Nak:nek River valley, however, there is no stratigraphic trend to the clusterings. The similarity between diamicton units suggests that most of the drift in the Naknek River valley is from one advance, or that the clustering methods were not sensitive to detect multiple advances from overlapping source areas. At South Naknek beach, a marine-lag horizon separates two diamictons. Based on amino acid (D/L) ratios in fossil molluscs, this lag is correlated with the last interglacial (-125 ka). The underlying diamicton records an advance> 125 ka. A thermoluminescence age estimate on a lavabaked diamicton at Telephone Point provides a minimum age on a lower diamicton of 250 ± 20 ka. The age of the overlying, regionally extensive drift sheet is constrained by an optically stimulated luminescence age, amino acid ratios, and radiocarbon ages from drift at Halfmoon Bay. These data, together with sedimentologic evidence for glacial-estuarine conditions, suggest that ice advanced into a tidally influenced estuary during a time of high (about + 12 m) relative sea level about 80 ka. Mak Hill and Johnston Hill, ridges previously mapped as moraines, are reinterpreted as ice-thrust ridges, and may not represent stable ice margins. The terms "Mak Hill drift" and "Johnston Hill drift" should be abandoned as discernable lithostratigraphic and climatological units, because they may not represent unique glacier advances, and because they appear to be lithostratigraphically indistinguishable.
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Nelson, Lynn A. "The agroecologies of a southern community: The Tye River Valley of Virginia, 1730-1860." W&M ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623935.
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The farmers of piedmont Virginia's Tye River Valley adapted agriculture to a commercial frontier during the eighteenth century. This 'frontier agroecosystem' optimized labor returns by exploiting the stored fertility of mature ecosystems at the expense of conservation, but proved vulnerable to population growth and soil exhaustion. Out-migration increased after the Revolution, and economic growth was stymied by limited capital and consumer formation. The frontier agroecosystem could not provide the reliable commercial returns needed to promote development or stable neighborhoods.;During the early 1800s, prominent planters demanded that Virginia farming be intensified---that land productivity be maximized, rather than labor productivity. This strategy, many claimed, would anchor farm families while promoting economic independence. Those among the Tye Valley's ordinary farmers who practiced traditional intensification---increased land productivity through increased labor investment---found it led to declining labor productivity and lower profits, declining consumer opportunities, and diminished political influence. Practical planters turned to entrepreneurial intensification---enhancing per-acre productivity by importing improved seed, livestock, fertilizers, and machinery. This would also increase labor productivity. to attract the capital to purchase these imports, the Valley's leaders had to abandon colonial for capitalist politics, and practice the natural resource conservation necessary to use farmland to insure investments. The self-sufficiency idealized by republican 'high farmers' was compromised.;Many Tye Valley farmers, however, resisted the dependence of capitalist agriculture through a republicanism that accepted lower living standards and curtailed opportunity in return for agrarian independence. Middle and lower class farmers pursued traditional intensification on their land while trying to maintain common access to 'free' resources left over from the frontier property system. They also resisted attempts by the district's entrepreneurial planter-politicians to modernize Virginia's political economy and force the state into a capitalist economy.;High crop prices during the 1850s, however, helped the Valley's capitalist farmers reinvest profits in modernized cultivation. By 1860, they had gone far toward incorporating the landscape of the Tye River Valley into a capitalist agroecosystem. Popular resistance, however, slowed the development of capital needed for a full transformation. Valley farmers found entrepreneurial farming, elite republicanism, and traditional intensification in jeopardy in 1860.
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Gray, Linda Breuer. "Narratives and identities in the Saint Lawrence Valley, 1667-1720." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0023/NQ50177.pdf.
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Freeman, Brett W. "The social organization of ground stone production, distribution, and consumption in the Quijos Valley, Eastern Ecuador." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Anthropology, c2011, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3244.
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This thesis explores the Quijos Valley ground stone economy in relation to
broader social, political, and economic aspects of the Quijos chiefdoms during the Late
Period (AD 500 – 1500). In particular, this research examines the extent to which ground
stone craft production was a dimension of social differentiation during a period marked
by the greatest sociopolitical transformations. Ultimately, this research suggests that Late
Period ground stone production was an independent and part-time household activity, and
not an avenue of elite aggrandizement. However, aspects of this research have aimed to
show that certain forms of ground stone were important implements of household
maintenance, both socially and economically. This research is embedded within the
Quijos Valley Regional Archaeological Project (QVRAP) and has aimed to contribute to
our understanding of the development of social complexity within this region, as well as
contributing to our understanding of ground stone craft production more generally.x, 244 leaves ; 29 cm
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Keith, Darren E. (Darren Edward) 1967. "Inuit place names and land-use history on the Harvaqtuuq (Kazan River), Nunavut Territory." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30180.
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This thesis classifies Inuit place names and analyses their meanings to reveal Harvaqtuurmiut land-use history on the Harvaqtuuq [Kazan River], Nunavut Territory. The author collected previously unrecorded toponyms from the territory of this Caribou Inuit society, the Harvaqtuuq [Kazan River], and corroborated the data of earlier researchers. The Harvaqtuuq landscape was organized from foci of subsistence activities by application of Inuktitut geographical terminology and concepts. These foci moved over time and betray changing land-use patterns. The Harvaqtuuq was a frontier for Inuit, due to the need to depend on caribou, and due to the conflict engendered by overlapping Dene occupation. The presence of anthroponyms, and the paucity of pan-Inuit myths in the landscape allow for the speculative interpretation that the names support current theories of a recent arrival of Inuit to the Harvaqtuuq .
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Germano, Nancy M. "A View of the Valley: The 1913 Flood in West Indianapolis." Thesis, Connect to resource online, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/1844.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Indiana University, 2009.Title from screen (viewed on August 27, 2009). Department of History, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). Advisor(s): Philip V. Scarpino. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 165-173).
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Cadwallader, Lauren. "Investigating 1500 years of dietary change in the Lower Ica Valley, Peru using an isotopic approach." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/254538.
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In the now hyper-arid desert of the south coast of Peru, the natural desiccation of human remains provides a rare and unique opportunity for detailed study into the dietary practices of the people that once lived there. My research investigates the changing subsistence strategies of four groups from the lower Ica Valley from the Early Horizon to the Late Intermediate Period. This area witnessed a dynamic history over this 1500-year time frame, including the emergence and collapse of the Nasca, the spread of influence by the highland Wari empire and the local development of the Ica-Chincha trading society. Yet very little is known about the daily life of the individuals who inhabited this area. By reconstructing their diets it has been possible to examine the economic and land use practices they used as well as the ways in which they created and maintained social relationships using food. Mummified human remains (bone, teeth, hair and skin) from the four Pre-Columbian groups - Late Ocucaje (c.100 B.C.-200 A.D.), Late Nasca (c.450-650 A.D.), Wari (c.800-1000 A.D.) and Ica-Chincha (c.1200-1400 A.D.) - have been analysed for stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes. The combination of multiple tissues has allowed analysis at the intra-individual as well as the intra- and inter-group levels creating a detailed and nuanced dietary reconstruction that incorporates dietary information about childhood, adulthood and over a short-term (monthly) period. The analysis of multiple tissues from the mummified remains has allowed a critical evaluation of the isotopic relationship between different tissues from the same individuals as well as their use for reconstructing dietary life histories. A review of all tissue isotopic comparisons including the data from this research shows that the relationships are difficult to constrain. The carbon and nitrogen isotope data show that terrestrial resources, both plant and animal, were the mainstay of the diet in all four periods. Maize was of varying importance over the time frame, with its contribution to the diet increasing over time. Marine resources did not contribute significantly to the diet, despite their abundance in the middens. The strongest case for social differentiation using food is from the Middle Horizon results, which show a high diversity between groups in terms of dietary choice and do not conform to the hypothesis based on the rich botanical data from the valley. From the observations from all four periods the existing theories about the socio-economic structure of the south coast have been critically evaluated in light of this new evidence.
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Morse, Kathryn Taylor. "The nature of gold : an environmental history of the Alaska/Yukon gold rush /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10468.
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Hansen, Bradley Paul. "An Environmental History of the Bear River Range, 1860-1910." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1724.
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The study of environmental history suggests that nature and culture change all the time, but that the rate and scale of such change can vary enormously. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Anglo settlement in the American West transformed landscapes and ecologies, creating new and complex environmental problems. This transformation was particularly impressive in Cache Valley, Utah's Bear River Range. From 1860 to 1910, Mormon settlers overused or misused the Bear River Range's lumber, grazing forage, wild game, and water resources and introduced invasive plant and animal species throughout the area. By the turn of the 20th century, broad overuse of natural resources caused rivers originating in the Bear River Range to decline. To address the water shortage, a small group of conservation-minded intellectuals and businessmen in Cache Valley persuaded local stockmen and farmers to support the creation of the Logan Forest Reserve in 1903. From 1903 to1910, forest managers and forest users attempted to restore the utility of the landscape (i.e., bring back forage and improve watershed conditions) however, they quickly discovered that the landscape had changed too much; nature would not cooperate with their human-imposed restoration timelines and desires for greater profit margins. Keeping in mind the impressive rate and scale of environmental decline, this thesis tells the heretofore untold environmental history of the Bear River Range from 1860 to 1910. It engages this history from an ecological and social perspective by (1) exploring how Mormon settlers altered the landscape ecology of the Bear River Range and (2) discussing the reasons why forest managers and forest users failed to quickly restore profitability to the mountain landscape from 1903-1910. As its value, a study of the Bear River Range offers an intimate case study of environmental decline and attempted restoration in the western United States, and is a reminder of how sensitive our mountain ranges really are.
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Harper, Cecil. "Farming Someone Else's Land: Farm Tenancy in the Texas Brazos River Valley, 1850-1880." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332078/.
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This dissertation develops and utilizes a methodology for combining data drawn from the manuscript census returns and the county tax rolls to study landless farmers during the period from 1850 until 1880 in three Texas Brazos River Valley counties: Fort Bend, Milam, and Palo Pinto. It focuses in particular on those landless farmers who appear to have had no option other than tenant farming. It concludes that there were such landless farmers throughout the period, although they were a relatively insignificant factor in the agricultural economy before the Civil War. During the Antebellum decade, poor tenant farmers were a higher proportion of the population on the frontier than in the interior, but throughout the period, they were found in higher numbers in the central portion of the river valley. White tenants generally avoided the coastal plantation areas, although by 1880, that pattern seemed to be changing. Emancipation had tremendous impact on both black and white landless farmers. Although both groups were now theoretically competing for the same resource, productive crop land, their reactions during the first fifteen years were so different that it suggests two systems of tenant farming divided by caste. As population expansion put increasing pressure on the land, the two systems began to merge on terms resembling those under which black tenants had always labored.
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Jemison, Elizabeth. "Protestants, Politics, and Power: Race, Gender, and Religion in the Post-Emancipation Mississippi River Valley, 1863-1900." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467223.
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This dissertation argues that Protestant Christianity provided the language through which individuals and communities created the political, social, and cultural future of the post-emancipation South. Christian arguments and organizations gave newly emancipated African Americans strong strategies for claiming political and civil rights as citizens and for denouncing racialized violence. Yet simultaneously, white southerners’ Christian claims, based in proslavery theology, created justifications for white supremacist political power and eventually for segregation.
This project presents a new history of the creation of segregation from the hopes and uncertainties of emancipation through a close analysis of the Mississippi River Valley region of Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, and West Tennessee. Religious arguments furnished foundations for the work of building a new South, whether in newly formed African American churches and schools, local political debates, or white supremacist organizing. Studying both African American and white Christians during the years when churches quickly became racially separated allows this work to explain how groups across lines of race and denomination responded to each other’s religious, cultural, and political strategies. This dissertation centers these communities’ theological ideas and religious narratives within a critical analysis of race, gender, and political power. Analyzing theology as the intellectual domain of non-elites as well as those in power allows me to demonstrate the ways that religious ideas helped to construct categories of race and gender and to determine who was worthy of civil and political rights. This work draws upon a wide range of archival sources, including previously unexamined material.
This dissertation advances several scholarly conversations. It offers the first sustained examination of the life of proslavery theology after emancipation. Rather than presuming that white southern Christians abandoned such arguments after emancipation, this project shows that white Christians reconfigured these claims to create religious justifications for segregation. Within these renegotiated religious claims about social order, African American and white Christians made religious arguments about racial violence, ranging from justifying the violence to arguing that it was antithetical to Christian identity. During the same years, African Americans argued that they deserved civil and political rights both because they were citizens and because they were Christians. This linking of identities as citizens and as Christians provided a vital political strategy in the midst of post-emancipation violence and the uncertain future of African Americans’ rights. Through its five chronologically-structured chapters, this project demonstrates Protestant Christianity’s central role in African American and white southerners’ political lives from the Civil War to the turn of the twentieth century.Religion, Committee on the Study of
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Mount, Rosina. "An environmental history of the upper Kennet River valley and some implications for human communities." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283908.
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Smith, Cessna R. "The Pursuit of Commerce: Agricultural Development in Western Oregon, 1825-1861." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/258.
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This thesis examines how the pursuit of commercial gain affected the development of agriculture in western Oregon's Willamette, Umpqua, and Rogue River Valleys. The period of study begins when the British owned Hudson's Bay Company began to farm land in and around Fort Vancouver in 1825, and ends in 1861--during the time when agrarian settlement was beginning to expand east of the Cascade Mountains. Given that agriculture in Oregon, as elsewhere, would eventually reach a standard of national development, and given that most of Oregon's immigrants arrived poor and lacked the farm implements needed for subsistence, the question this study asks is what methods and motivations guided Oregon's first agrarian settlers to improve their industry? It is the central premise of this study that commerce was the sine qua non of agricultural development, and that commercial gain was the incentive that underpinned the improvements necessary to its progress. The question itself necessarily involves physiographical and climatological conditions, existing and potential markets, and a merchant class whose commercial motivations were beyond doubt. Two additional matters that weigh substantially through most of this paper need to be mentioned: First, because not all farmers were commercially-oriented, the focus is on individuals, including merchants, whose entrepreneurial activities contributed the most to agriculture; second, the discovery of gold in California in 1848, and in southern Oregon in the early 1850s, had a huge and lasting influence on Oregon agriculture and on the overall economy.
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Pearcy, Matthew Todd 1967. "A History of the Mississippi River Commission, 1879-1928: from Levees-Only to a Comprehensive Program of Flood Control for the Lower Mississippi Valley." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277642/.
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In 1879 Congress created the Mississippi River Commission (MRC) to develop and coordinate federal flood control policy for the Lower Mississippi River. Through 1927, that Commission clung stubbornly to a "levees-only" policy that was based on the mistaken belief that levees alone could be effective in controlling the flood waters of the Mississippi River. When the levees failed--and they occasionally did--the MRC responded by raising and strengthening the system but refused to adopt a more comprehensive program, one which would include outlets and reservoirs. Finally, a disastrous flood in 1927 forced the abandonment of levees-only and the adoption of a comprehensive plan for the Lower Mississippi River. Predictably, the MRC faced heavy criticism following the failure of its highly-touted levee system in 1927. While certainly the Commission was culpable, there was plenty of fault to go around and a plethora of mitigating circumstances. Developing a plan for achieving adequate flood control along the lower Mississippi River constituted what was probably the most difficult and complex engineering problem ever undertaken by the U. S. Government. Additionally, there were innumerable political and financial constraints that worked to shape MRC policy. This study will endeavor to tell the story of the MRC from its earliest origins through the landmark 1928 Flood Control Act, and, in the process, give evidence to the reality that the Commission did not function independently. As an organization, it relied upon outside forces for its membership, for its jurisdiction, and for the appropriations necessary to carry out its policies. Significantly, these forces were politically driven and did not always, or even often, share the MRC's priorities for the Lower Mississippi River. Even so, the MRC accomplished a great deal in its efforts to protect the Valley from moderate floods, to improve the navigability of the Mississippi River, and to expand significantly the body of knowledge available on the "Father of Waters."
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Dumont, Andrew Anthony. "À la découverte des Châteaux de la Loire : ou l'histoire, l'art et l'architecture s'entremêlent = Discovering the Loire Castles : where history, art and architecture intermingle /." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/DumontAA2004.pdf.
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Du, Vernay Jeffrey Patrick. "The Archaeology of Yon Mound and Village, Middle Apalachicola River Valley, Northwest Florida." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3082.
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A growing trend in Mississippian research in the archaeology of the southeastern United States stresses the need to shift away from categorizing generalizations (e.g., the concept of chiefdoms) that have been used to characterize Mississippi-period (A.D. 1000-1600) societies and advocates elucidating the unique occupational histories of Mississippian communities. This dissertation follows this trend with the goal of identifying and interpreting the particular historical and developmental trajectory of the Yon mound and village site (8Li2), a Fort Walton Mississippian site situated in the middle Apalachicola River valley, northwest Florida. Since its initial recording by Clarence Bloomfield Moore at the turn of the 20th century, Yon has been intermittently investigated by various researchers, but the data from these multiple investigations until now have been severely underreported or not reported at all. In this dissertation, these archaeological data from Yon are synthesized and used to identify the site's particular developmental history. The study proceeds through a careful examination of Yon's radiocarbon dates, artifact assemblage, platform mound construction, structural remains, and to a lesser extent, subsistence data, in an effort to tease apart its occupational components and contextualize them within the wider Fort Walton and Mississippian milieu. To this end, particular attention is given to the wider Fort Walton manifestation of the Apalachicola-lower Chattahoochee River valley and the Rood and later Lamar Mississippian regional variants that were located upriver from Yon in the upper reaches of the lower Chattahoochee River valley.
This study demonstrates that Yon emerged rather precipitously as a Middle Fort Walton period center circa A.D.1200, a time marked by initial mound construction and the first intense village occupation at the site, which was preceded only by a very small, pre-Fort Walton, Swift Creek occupation there around A.D. 320. Probable antecedent events at a nearby Fort Walton mound center, Cayson (8Ca3), as well as contact with Rood Mississippian groups to the north are hypothesized as influencing Yon's Middle Fort Walton development and florescence. Evidence indicates that this initial Middle Fort Walton occupation was followed by an occupation of Lamar groups. Regional data and radiocarbon evidence from Yon suggest that this Lamar component likely began during protohistoric times (circa A.D. 1600) and continued into the late seventeenth to early eighteenth centuries. It is hypothesized that this Lamar occupation was the result of Lamar groups migrating down the lower Chattahoochee-Apalachicola River in the wake of European contact. As a whole, this study represents the most complete documentation of the occupational history of any Fort Walton mound center to date. As such, it can provide an important foundation for future studies of Fort Walton mound centers and sites in the Apalachicola-lower Chattahoochee River region.
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Hancock, Carole Wylie. "Honorable Soldiers, Too: An Historical Case Study of Post-Reconstruction African American Female Teachers of the Upper Ohio River Valley." Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1205717826.
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Kobayashi, Kazuo. "Indian cotton textiles and the Senegal River Valley in a globalising world : production, trade and consumption, 1750-1850." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2016. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3265/.
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This thesis addresses how and why West African consumers, especially those along the Senegal River valley, imported and consumed Indian cotton textiles from the eighteenth to mid-nineteenth century, despite the fact that they produced textiles of various kinds. Using quantitative and qualitative sources collected from France, India, Senegal and the United Kingdom, the thesis fulfils this gap in the existing literature. Throughout this study, it will be shown that local textile production and consumption in West Africa based on factor endowments and natural environment shaped consumer demand and preferences for Indian cotton textiles whose quality was perceived to be more suitable to the life of inhabitants in the region (especially in the savannah and desert areas) than European textiles. In addition, Indian textiles not only suited conspicuous consumption among Africans but also regional economies in which cloth was used as an exchange medium. In the eighteenth century, West African demand for Indian cotton textiles of various types was central to the purchase by European merchants of slaves along coastal areas of West Africa. In the early nineteenth century, which witnessed the transition from the Atlantic slave trade to the trade in commercial agriculture, dark-blue cotton textiles produced in Pondicherry, called ‘guinées’, were of essential importance in the trade in gum Arabic in the lower Senegal River as a currency that replaced a domestically-produced cloth currency. The gum from the region was indispensable in the development of the textile industry in Western Europe at that time. This regional demand influenced the Euro-West African trade and the procurements by Europeans of cotton textiles in India. The thesis argues that historically constructed consumer agency in pre-colonial West Africa had global repercussions from the eighteenth to midnineteenth century.
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Rockenbach, Stephen I. ""War upon our border" war and society in two Ohio River Valley communities, 1861-1865 /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1124462148.
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Wilson, Brandon. "CARVING CANAAN FROM EGYPT’S LAND: FREE PEOPLE OF COLOR IN KENTUCKY’S OHIO RIVER VALLEY, 1795-1860." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/history_etds/18.
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Over the course of the nineteenth century, Southerners of color flocked to northern free soil by the droves. Seeking refuge from a slaveholding society intent on subordinating those of African descent, many established new homes in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan and places north. Many others, however, carved their own lands of freedom within the slaveholding South. This study explores the free Southerners of color who maintained communities in Kentucky’s borderland, occupying a purgatorial position between freedom and slavery. Maneuvering the anti-black laws and sentiments of their society, the individuals in this study remained rooted in a slaveholding society, despite relative proximity to northern free soil, and made their own freedom in an unfree region. The freedom that they made for themselves was in fact freer than anything the North had to offer. They conscientiously determined that the freedom provided by their own local community and social capital was more valuable than any freedom law could provide elsewhere. In effect, free Kentuckians of color in the Ohio River Valley forged their own free soil from the very land of their bondage.
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Howie, Catriona V. "Abbatial elections : the case of the Loire Valley in the eleventh century." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6811.
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This thesis examines a series of documents described as electoral charters, produced in monastic institutions of the Loire Valley from the late tenth to late eleventh centuries. By considering the variations in the formulas used for each charter, the study considers what the charters were saying about power or wanted to project about the powers at play in the events they described. Through this, the thesis demonstrates that the power of lordship projected by such documents was of a very traditional nature throughout the period in which they were being produced. The count's role on each occasion showed him to be a dominant force with a power of lordship composed of possession and rights of property ownership, but also intangible elements, including a sacral interest. By considering the context of events surrounding each charter of election, the thesis demonstrates that elements of this lordship could be more or less projected at different times in order that different statements might be made about the count. Thus, the symbolic expressions of power appear to have been bigger elements or more strongly emphasised in periods when the count's political or military power was under pressure. The differences in formulas used throughout the period of the charters' production demonstrate that, despite the appearance of new elements that may appear to have been important novelties, these processes were likely to have been original to proceedings, and therefore the notions of a reform of investitures taking place in the mid-eleventh century must be nuanced. Instead of demonstrating a mutation in relationships between lord and Church, the documents demonstrate an alteration in style and content, becoming more narrative and verbose and in these ways revealing elements of the process of abbatial elevations that had previously been hidden from view.
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Wertz, Gail Williams. "Dwelling "Where The Waters Rise And Fall:" The Historical Ecology Of Archaic Period Settlement In The Rappahannock River Valley." W&M ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1616444442.
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This study examines long-term change in Indigenous settlement in Virginia's Rappahannock River Valley and its underlying causes during the Archaic Period (10,000-3000 BP). Previously-unstudied archaeological collections from two sites along the Rappahannock River provided evidence of demographic changes from the Middle Archaic to the Late Archaic period, and offered evidence of shifting settlement patterns. To evaluate why different locations were selected for Middle Archaic settlement versus Late Archaic settlement, the overall topography, hydrology and environmental settings of the two sites were evaluated by geospatial analyses of LiDAR images. The reasons for the changes were assessed further using the research framework of Historical Ecology to consider long-term environmental data in conjunction with paleoclimate, biological and archaeological information. Climate change, sea-level rise, formation of the Chesapeake Bay and the effects of embayment on the landscape of the tributary Rappahannock River were evaluated. I present a line of reasoning that links the Late Archaic choice of settlement location to the new riverine resources that became available as the Rappahannock River flow-rate slowed dramatically with Chesapeake embayment. A rationale and broad time-line for this transition are deduced. This information is coupled with analyses of the archaeological lithic assemblages to examine Indigenous actions and choices made relevant to settlement, subsistence and technology in the face of environmental change. These studies benefited from consultation with present-day members of the Rappahannock Tribe.
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Bottaro, Jean. "The changing landscape of the Liesbeek River valley : an investigation of the use of an environmental history approach in historical research and in classroom practice." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15987.
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Includes bibliography.This dissertation has two components, one History and one Education, and the central unifying theme is Environmental History. The History component examines the historiography of this sub-discipline, and then applies an environmental analysis as an example of its use in historical research. The second component explores the use of Environmental History in the teaching of school history, and presents a curriculum model which uses this approach. Both components use the Liesbeek River valley in the Cape Peninsula as a case-study.
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Elder, J. Tait. "Exploring Prehistoric Salmon Subsistence in the Willamette Valley using Zooarchaeological Records and Optimal Foraging Theory." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/22.
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My research examines the prehistoric subsistence of native peoples of the Willamette Valley, Oregon through an analysis of the regional zooarchaeological records, and then modeling regional diet breadth. Through this analysis, I challenge commonly held stereotypes that the indigenous people of the Willamette Valley were strictly root eaters, and the basis for this claim, that salmon were not part of Native subsistence. The results of my research indicate that given the incomplete nature of the ethnohistoric record, very little can be said about expected cultural behaviors, such as salmon consumption, that appear to be absent in the Willamette Valley. In addition, since the faunal assemblage is so small in the Willamette Valley, zooarchaeological data are simply inadequate for studying the relationship between prehistoric peoples and their animal resources. Finally, optimal foraging modeling suggests that salmon is one of the higher ranked resources available to the Native People of the Willamette Valley.
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Noël, Françoise. "Gabriel Christie's seigneuries : settlement and seigneurial administration in the Upper Richelieu Valley, 1764-1854." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=76748.
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Gabriel Christie (1722-1799), a British military officer, acquired a vast estate in Quebec after the Seven Years war, including five timber-rich seigneuries in the Upper Richelieu Valley, our study area. These were inherited by two of his sons in succession: Napier Christie Burton (1758-1835) and William Plenderleath Christie (1780-1845). An examination of the available deeds of concession for our study area shows the legal framework of the tenure and the seigneurs' survey and land granting policies. Seigneurial rents increased between 1785 and 1820, but it was the accumulation of seigneurial arrears, followed by strict collection practices after 1835, which contributed most to social stratification and unrest. A seigneurial monopoly on mill construction and the use of water power was decentralized after 1815 so that manufactures were established by entrepreneurs with capital who acquired a share of the seigneur's rights through patronage. The seigneur's role in regional development--the rise of villages, settlement, and industrial growth--was significant particularly as a system of clientage which helped shape the social structure.
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Schieffer, Adam M. "Archaeological Site Distribution in the Apalachicola/Lower Chattahoochee River Valley of Northwest Florida, Southwest Georgia, and Southeast Alabama." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4576.
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This research examines and compares the distributions of archaeological sites and materials in order to investigate native settlement patterns and resources use throughout 12,000 years of prehistory and protohistoric time within the Apalachicola/Lower Chattahoochee River valley of northwest Florida, southwest Georgia, and southeast Alabama. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are used to map the distributions of sites from different time periods and to explore their relation to various environmental characteristics that are now available in digital format. I employ tools now available in GIS to examine several longstanding research questions and expand upon archaeological interpretations within this region, where the University of South Florida (USF) has an ongoing research program. The results of this work illustrate change through time and space as cultures begin to adapt to post-Pleistocene ecological change, develop food production and complex societies, and react to the appearance of European groups.
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Power, Justin M. ""With this belt [we] bind your Hearts and minds with ours": Diplomacy and Conflict in the Ohio River Valley, 1783-1793." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1364900187.
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Crawford, Aaron L. "The People of Bear Hunter Speak: Oral Histories of the Cache Valley Shoshones Regarding the Bear River Massacre." DigitalCommons@USU, 2007. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1998.
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The Cache Valley Shoshone are the survivors of the Bear River Massacre, where a battle between a group of US. volunteer troops from California and a Shoshone village degenerated into the worst Indian massacre in US. history, resulting in the deaths of over 200 Shoshones. The massacre occurred due to increasing tensions over land use between the Shoshones and the Mormon settlers. Following the massacre, the Shoshones attempted settling in several different locations in Box Elder County, eventually finding a home in Washakie, Utah. However, the LDS Church sold the land where the city of Washakie sat, forcing the Shoshones to adapt quickly.
Much of our knowledge of the massacre stems from either white American sources or the oral histories that circulate among one Shoshone family group. This leaves the information incomplete. Adding the voices of more individuals expands our knowledge of the massacre itself and the adaptations the Shoshones continue to make in order to survive.
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Maskill, Craig. "Where one Scot comes, others soon follow, the 42nd Royal Highland Regiment (Black Watch) and the settlement of the Nashwaak River Valley, 1783-1823." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0029/MQ62136.pdf.
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Cody, Tia Rachelle. "LiDAR Predictive Modeling of Kalapuya Mound Sites in the Calapooia Watershed, Oregon." PDXScholar, 2019. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4863.
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Archaeologists grapple with the problematic nature of archaeological discovery. Certain types of sites are difficult to see even in the best environmental conditions (e.g., low-density lithic scatters) and performing traditional archaeological survey is challenging in some environments, such as the dense temperate rain forests of the Pacific Northwest. Archaeologists need another method of survey to assess large areas and overcome environmental and archaeological barriers to site discovery in regions like the Pacific Northwest. LiDAR (light detection and ranging) technology, a method for digitally clearing away swaths of vegetation and surveying the landscape, is one possible solution to some of these archaeological problems.
The Calapooia Watershed in the southern Willamette Valley in Oregon is an ideal area to focus LiDAR's unique archaeological capabilities, as the region is heavily wooded and known to contain hundreds of low-lying earthwork features or mounds. Modern Indigenous Communities, such as the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde, consider the Willamette Valley mound sites highly sensitive locations, as ethnographic accounts and limited archaeological work indicate that some are burial sites. However, these mounds have received little archaeological study. Land ownership (94 percent privately owned), dense vegetation that obscures mounds, and the sheer expanse of the landscape (234,000 acres) have impeded professional archaeological research.
The focus of this thesis is the development and the testing of a LiDAR and remote sensing predictive model to see if this type of model can detect where potential mound sites are located in the Calapooia Watershed, Oregon. The author created a LiDAR and remote sensing predictive model using ArcMap 10.5.1, LiDAR, and publicly available aerial imagery; manipulating data using standard hydrological tools in ArcMap. The resulting model was successful in locating extant previously identified mound sites. The author then conducted field work and determined that the model was also successful in identifying seven new, previously unrecorded mound sites in the watershed. The author also identified several possible patterns in mound location and characteristics through exploratory model analysis and fieldwork; this exploratory analysis highlights areas for future mound research.
This project has clearly established a method and a model appropriate for archaeological mound prospection in the Willamette Valley. This project also shows the efficacy of LiDAR predictive models and feature extraction methods for archaeological work, which can be modified for use in other regions of the Pacific Northwest and beyond. Furthermore, by identifying these mounds I have laid the groundwork for future studies that may continue to shed light on why and how people created these mounds, which will add valuable information to a poorly understood site type and cultural practice.
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Ro, Hyuk Jin. "Prehistoric and protohistoric sociocultural development in the North Han River region of Korea." Thesis, University of Oregon, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11766.
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xvi, 341 p. : ill. A print copy of this title is available through the UO Libraries under the call number: KNIGHT GN855.K6 R6 1997The primary purpose of this dissertation is to reconstruct sociocultural development in the North Han River Valley in Korea during the prehistoric and proto historic periods ( ca 6000 B .C.-A.D. 300). Based on theoretical ideas about the close relationship between cultural behavior and the natural environment as well as synthetical observation of archaeological data in the North Han River Valley, I have proposed the following testable hypothesis in regard to 'sociocultural development in the North Han River Valley : that its unique ecosystem brought about a subsistence pattern unique to the region. The North Han River Valley's specific geographical formation, connected with the Lower Han River Basin by way of the river system, brought it under the crucial influence of the latter's more advanced cultural elements. The circumscribed environment derived from the distinctively developed geomophological formation of the North Han River Valley influenced autochthonous sociocultural development in the region. Enumerating the most basic factors, the affluent riverine resources of the Valley enabled Chiilmun period inhabitants be heavily dependent on riverine fishing supplemented by the hunting and gathering of wild vegetation. Riverine fishing as well as hunting and gathering richly supplemented the agrarian economy which became dominant in the Valley after the appearance ofMumun people in later prehistoric times. Due to population saturation of limited arable lands, Mumun agrarian people became increasingly circumscribed and could not evolve into a state-level society. In association with this factor, the geographical proximity of the Valley to the Lower Han River inevitably brought it under the influence of advanced cultures emerging in the Lower Han River Basin. This process, which began in the later Mumun period, actually has continued to the present, passing through the protohistoric State Formation period and Paekche kingdom.
Committee in charge: Dr. C. Melvin Aikens, Chair; Dr. Song Nai Rhee; Dr. William S. Ayres; Dr. William G. Loy; Dr. Philip Young
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Kreiser, Kelsey. "Collecting the Past: Using a Private Collection of Artifacts to Assess Prehistoric Occupation of the Chipola River Valley in Northwest Florida." Scholar Commons, 2018. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7184.
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The Chipola River Valley in northwest Florida is an area of extensive occupation by pre-contact peoples, dating as far back as the Paleo-Indian time period (approximately 11,000 BC). With such a rich archaeological history, it has enticed many local divers to explore river bottoms and collect artifacts. I worked with one local collector to study over 700 projectile points found in the Chipola River. The collector has taken great care to protect and preserve these points and, in many cases, documented the GPS coordinates from where they were collected. Using the GPS coordinates and ArcMap, I have been able to compare where these artifacts were collected to the locations of known archaeological sites which had been previously documented along the Chipola. With this new data set, I used landscape theory to compare prehistoric settlement patterns in the Southeast to the patterns derived from this collection. Overall, this project has documented 80 new sites within the region, filling in areas of the river which previously had no known prehistoric sites. The work also added information for 19 previously-known sites, extending the occupations of some to either later or earlier time periods. Finally, this work can be used to evaluate various models of the early human settlement in the region, specifically the Oasis Model. I hope the success of this project encourages other archaeologists to work with knowledgeable collectors and avocationals to learn more about the archaeological history of different regions.
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Gidcomb, Barry D. Drake Frederick D. "History and the Natchez Trace Parkway." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9995667.
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Thesis (D.A.)--Illinois State University, 2000.Title from title page screen, viewed May 4, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Frederick D. Drake (chair), Lawrence W. McBride, M. Paul Holsinger, L. Moody Simms. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 245-254) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Beaupre, andrew Robert. "Creating the Border: Defining, Enforcing and Reasserting Physical and Ethnic Borderzone Spaces during the 16th, 17th and 18th Centuries in the Lake Champlain Richelieu River Valley." W&M ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1516639574.
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This dissertation examines the creation of space and place in a border region through a historically grounded, multi-scalar approach to spatiality. The work draws upon the pre- and post-contact archaeology of the Lake Champlain Richelieu River Corridor, a historically contested waterway where the states of Vermont, and New York meet the Canadian Province of Québec. This is a region that has played host to countless complex cultural interactions between Native American/First Nation groups and Europeans of various cultural and national identities A tripartite model for multi-scalar study of space and place creation is presented and applied to the political and social history Native and European conflict and comprise. The model stipulates that the construction of space consists of three facets, cognitive, material and social spaces. The interaction between these three aspects of spatial creation allows for places to be constructed and identified as holding cultural significance. The study is multi-scalar in respect to both scope of analysis and time. In respect to scope, archaeological analyses are undertaken at the region, site and artifact levels. The model is multiscalar in respect to time, examining the topics of study diachronically, tracing the production of space through time. Each temporally specific examination begins with a discussion of pertinent social mores and constructs as they effect the cognitive space created. The archaeological record is then analyzed to ascertain how cognitive spaces are manifest on the landscape. This built environment augmentation to the landscape is referred to as material space. Finally, the social space, consisting of the relationships between active agents and their material space is examined. The model postulates that it is the social space interactions between cognitive and material spaces that allows for the construction of place. The work often engages in critiques of an Anglo-centric bias in American history to offer a more balanced approach to the historical investigation of a complex borderzone.
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Walsh, Megan Kathleen 1976. "Natural and Anthropogenic Influences on the Holocene Fire and Vegetation History of the Willamette Valley, Northwest Oregon and Southwest Washington." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9488.
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xvii, 382 p. : ill. (some col.), maps. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.The debate concerning the role of natural versus anthropogenic burning in shaping the prehistoric vegetation patterns of the Willamette Valley of Oregon and Washington remains highly contentious. To address this, pollen and high-resolution charcoal records obtained from lake sediments were analyzed to reconstruct the Holocene fire and vegetation history, in order to assess the relative influence of climate variability and anthropogenic activity on those histories. Two sites provided information on the last 11,000 years. At one site at the northern margin of the Willamette Valley, shifts in fire activity and vegetation compared closely with millennial- and centennial-time scale variations in climate, and there was no evidence that anthropogenic burning affected the natural fire-climate linkages prior to Euro-American arrival. In contrast, the fire and vegetation history at a site in the central Willamette Valley showed relatively little vegetation change in response to both millennial- and centennial-scale climate variability, but fire activity varied widely in both frequency and severity. A comparison of this paleoecological reconstruction with archaeological evidence suggests that anthropogenic burning near the site may have influenced middle- to late-Holocene fire regimes. The fire history of the last 1200 years was compared at five sites along a north-south transect through the Willamette Valley. Forested upland sites showed stronger fire-climate linkages and little human influence, whereas lowland sites located in former prairie and savanna showed temporal patterns in fire activity that suggest a significant human impact. A decline in fire activity at several sites in the last 600 years was attributed to the effects of a cooling climate as well as the decline of Native American populations. The impacts of Euro-American settlement on the records include dramatic shifts in vegetation assemblages and large fire events associated with land clearance. The results of this research contribute to our understanding of long-term vegetation dynamics and the role of fire, both natural- and human-ignited, in shaping ecosystems, as well as provide an historical context for evaluating recent shifts in plant communities in the Willamette Valley.
Advisers: Cathy Whitlock, Patrick J. Bartlein
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Marshall, Daniel Patrick. "Claiming the land : Indians, goldseekers, and the rush to British Columbia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ48669.pdf.
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Walsh, Megan Kathleen. "Natural and anthropogenic influences on the Holocene fire and vegetation history of the Willamette Valley, northwest Oregon and southwest Washington /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9488.
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Fain, Cicero M. III. "Race, River, and the Railroad: Black Huntington, West Virginia, 1871-1929." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1258477477.
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Zampogna, Ashley Marie. "America May not Perish: The Italian-American Fight against the Ku Klux Klan in the Mahoning Valley." Connect to resource online, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1210862076.
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Bergmann, Nicolas Timothy. "Preserving Nature through Film: Wilderness Alps of Stehekin and the North Cascades, 1956-1968." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/973.
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On March 22, 1958 David Brower's film Wilderness Alps of Stehekin premiered to an audience of conservationists in Seattle, Washington. Almost two years in the making, the thirty-one minute film advocated the preservation of nature in Washington's North Cascades through the creation of a national park. Over the next decade, Wilderness Alps of Stehekin became the most influential publicity tool in the struggle to preserve the North Cascades. Because of the region's geographic isolation, the film was the first time many people throughout the nation were exposed to the scenic grandeur of the area. Images of craggy peaks and colorful alpine meadows resonated deeply with many Americans and persuaded them to join in the campaign. It was the voice of these citizens that led Congress to pass the North Cascades Act of 1968, which placed 674,000 acres of the North Cascades under the jurisdiction of the National Park Service.
In this thesis I tell the creation story of North Cascades National Park from a conservationist perspective and trace the influence of Wilderness Alps of Stehekin within this context. Although the film was never shown in movie theaters and never aired on national television, many thousands viewed it from its premiere to the signing of the North Cascades Act. The film first introduced the idea of a North Cascades National Park, and it was important in convincing conservationists to unite around a national park solution. Ultimately, Wilderness Alps of Stehekin changed the approach activists took in the North Cascades and helped to preserve a wild and scenic nature experience for future generations through the protection of old-growth forests and alpine meadows.
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Klaus, Haagen D. "Out of Light Came Darkness: Bioarchaeology of Mortuary Ritual, Health, and Ethnogenesis in the Lambayeque Valley Complex, North Coast Peru (AD 900-1750)." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1209498934.
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Waddell, Steve Robert. "Drive to the Dnieper: the Soviet 1943 summer campaign." 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/27570.
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Hsu, Yu-shuen, and 徐于舜. "Valley and Region：The traffic history of Fengshan River Basin." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82385177539329495153.
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碩士國立中央大學
客家研究碩士在職專班
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Braudel of the Annales School stressed the influence of long periods of time to history, and proposed the concepts of long term “structures,” mid-term “trends,” and short term “events” in the exploration of historical development. This paper uses “structures” and “trends” as the basis to discuss the developmental history of the Fengshan River Region, and further summarizes the four developmental periods of “watershed opening period,” “port opening and commercial period,” “north-south railway period,” and “light rail period.” The natural landscape has existed for a long time, and for people to survive in nature, they must face the various limitations caused by the landscape. In the view of Braudel of the Annales School, this is the long term “structure.” The “trend” character of the times is in the transportation conditions of the Qing Dynasty and the Japanese Occupation Period. The river character of Fengshan River and the landscape appearances of the region produced structural limitations on river-crossing, ports, ancient paths, official roads, as well as the light rail and automobile routes under Japanese ruling. Transportation not only is developed according to structure, but also has the function of “breaking through structural limitations,” allowing a transportation network to form both inside and outside the Fengshan River Region.
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Suganya, Kuili. "Beyond Protected Heritage Sites: A Geospatial Study of Malaprabha River Valley." Thesis, 2022. http://eprints.nias.res.in/2368/1/TH66-2022-Kuili-Suganya.pdf.
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The three heritage epi-centres of the Malaprabha River Valley, in Karnataka: Aihole, Badami and Pattadakal are developed as heritage precincts of Early Chalukyan heartland. Although the Valley is a lived landscape housing heritage structures from times before and after Early Chalukyan period. Though the heritage charters (national and international) and pedagogies advocate for integrated study of heritage by including their landscape and recognise the limitation of a monument centric approach, the existing processes remain monument centric.The primary objective of the doctoral research was to identify, document and geospatially analyse the Valley’s heritage built environments for addressing questions around built heritage and their landscape by not limiting to the protected monuments. This doctoral research used water harvesting features and hydrology to explore, study, and analyse the Valley’s heritage built environments. Towards this, a list of heritage built environments (both protected and unprotected) were compiled, geotagged, and geospatially analysed. This list - from multiple sources (such as colonial records, cartographic sources, and existing online government databases) - had to be freshly prepared due to non-availability of ready reliable geospatial data. The present study visualized and analysed the Valley’s built environment as an imbricated palimpsest, by foregrounding their physical landscape which enabled the appreciation of ecological and socio-cultural significance of the many unprotected structures. The study highlighted that the structures that qualify as heritage need not carry the typical physical fabric similar to the protected monuments. Rather, they can be architecturally insignificant, mundane-looking structures having continuity into the present times through collective memories and carry socio-cultural significance. The statistical analysis indicated the importance of recognising the potentials and strengths of the settlement’s physiographic parameters (as hydrology, hydro-geomorphology, geology, and soil). Recognising the relevance of the small structures and thoughtfully made subtle terrain modifications at Badami's environs highlighted the dependency of the protected monuments on such inconspicuous landscape features. The present work emphasizes that water features (both natural and man-made) proved to be the visible or sometimes invisible link that weaves together the Valley's protected and unprotected heritage built environments.
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Jenness, Timothy Max. "“Tentative Relations: Secession and War in the Central Ohio River Valley, 1859-1862”." 2011. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/983.
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In the fall of 1859, John Brown launched a raid on the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, and in so doing arguably fired the first salvo of the Civil War. That his raid occurred in the border area between North and South should come as no surprise because it was in that area where Americans were the most divided. Citizens across the border state region–that area that comprised the lower North and upper South–soon found themselves caught between two hostile sections. Based on an analysis of letters, journals, newspapers, and public documents, this dissertation is a study of one portion of that border region, the central Ohio River Valley, during the momentous years between Brown’s raid and the early weeks of 1862, when Indiana Senator Jesse Bright was expelled from the United States Senate for treasonous behavior. Citizens who lived in the river counties between Cincinnati and Louisville shared important economic, cultural, and socio-political views that united them and created a regional bond capable of withstanding the centrifugal pull of sectionalism despite the omnipresent influence of slavery. These trans-river bonds moderated their response to secession and reinforced their Unionist proclivities. Their fidelity to the Union strengthened Abraham Lincoln’s hand and helped to insure that the Union would endure.
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Lockard, Paul Andre. "Banks, insider lending and industries of the Connecticut River Valley of Massachusetts, 1813–1860." 2000. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI9960767.
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The Connecticut River Valley (CRV) industrialized early, yet lacked nearly all of the factors that apparently underlay the successful industrialization of eastern Massachusetts, Rhode Island and the Philadelphia region. Lamoreaux's model of bank insider lending was applied to explain this enigma. According to this model, since many insiders were industrialists, extensive insider lending among New England banks resulted in a flow of funds to manufacturing. To test this hypothesis, a random sample of borrowers from two commercial banks and a complete sample from two savings banks was culled from bank loan ledgers. Federal and state censuses town histories were used to determine occupations of the borrowers and the nature of the businesses that borrowed. The data was analyzed to determine the extent of bank lending to Insiders, and to manufacturers and artisans. Contrary to Lamoreaux's model, little insider lending was found, and the insiders were not industrialists. Individual banks lent only modest amounts to manufacturers and artisans, and bank lending was a very small source of industry capital. The largest recipients of bank credit, as a percent of bank loans, were the local elites of lawyers, followed by merchants and farmers. Loans to individual farmers were typically small, however. Loans to industries and artisans went to a wide variety of industries and firm types. While commercial banks lent short term, the savings banks lent long term, noticeably to railroads. These results suggest that access to credit was a factor that shaped the unique pathway to both rising Industrialism and capitalism in the CRV during the antebellum period.
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Emrick, Isaac J. "The Monyton diaspora : a history of the Middle Ohio River Valley, 1640-1700 /." 2005. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=3903.
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