Relevant bibliographies by topics / DNP derivative

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Academic literature on the topic 'DNP derivative'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 14 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "DNP derivative"

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Muñoz-Gómez, J. L., E. Monteagudo, V. Lloveras, T. Parella, J. Veciana, and J. Vidal-Gancedo. "A benzyl alcohol derivative of the BDPA radical for fast dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization NMR spectroscopy." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 13, no. 9 (2015): 2689–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ob02356k.

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Shormanov, V. K., N. G. Pogosyan, S. Yu Garmonov, and V. A. Omelchenko. "Application of gas chromatography for determination of 2-amino-4,6-dinitrophenol and evaluation of its stability in biological material." Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Estestvennye Nauki 167, no. 1 (2025): 53–65. https://doi.org/10.26907/2542-064x.2025.1.53-65.

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2-Amino-4,6-dinitrophenol (2-A-4,6-DNP), or picramic acid, is widely used as an intermediate in organic synthesis, a dye in hair coloring products, an agricultural fungicide, and an explosive. Similar to other related compounds (2,4,6-trinitrophenol (2,4,6-TNF) and N-methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitroaniline), of which it is a metabolite, 2-A-4,6-DNP is toxic to humans and animals. However, certain aspects of its detection in toxicological screening remain poorly understood. In this study, a mixture of acetone and acetonitrile in equal amounts was identified as the most effective extractant for 2-A-4,6-DNP. The application of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) for detecting 2-A-4,6-DNP in the biological material extracts was analyzed and justified. The proposed method, based on the indirect determination of 2-A-4,6-DNP through O-acetyl derivative quantification, was employed to assess its stability in the biolo- gical material. 2-A-4,6-DNP was found to be detectable in the biological medium within 25 (storage temperature 18–22 °C) to 45 (storage temperature 1–3 °C) days after the contamination.
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Albu, Paul Constantin, Szidonia-Katalin Tanczos, Andreea Ferencz (Dinu), et al. "pH and Design on n–Alkyl Alcohol Bulk Liquid Membranes for Improving Phenol Derivative Transport and Separation." Membranes 12, no. 4 (2022): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12040365.

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Regardless of the type of liquid membrane (LM) (Bulk Liquid Membranes (BLM), Supported Liquid Membranes (SLM) or Emulsion Liquid Membranes (ELM)), transport and separation of chemical species are conditioned by the operational (OP) and constructive design parameters (DP) of the permeation module. In the present study, the pH of the aqueous source phase (SP) and receiving phase (RP) of the proposed membrane system were selected as operational parameters. The mode of contacting the phases was chosen as the convective transport generator. The experiments used BLM-type membranes with spheres in free rotation as film contact elements of the aqueous phases with the membrane. The target chemical species were selected in the range of phenol derivatives (PD), 4–nitrophenol (NP), 2,4–dichlorophenol (DCP) and 2,4–dinitrophenol (DNP), all being substances of technical-economic and environmental interest. Due to their acid character, they allow the evaluation of the influence of pH as a determining operational parameter of transport and separation through a membrane consisting of n–octanol or n–decanol (n–AlcM). The comparative study performed for the transport of 4–nitrophenol (NP) showed that the module based on spheres (Ms) was more performant than the one with phase dispersion under the form of droplets (Md). The sphere material influenced the transport of 4–nitrophenol (NP). The transport module with glass spheres (Gl) was superior to the one using copper spheres (Cu), but especially with the one with steel spheres (St). In all the studied cases, the sphere-based module (Ms) had superior transport results compared to the module with droplets (Md). The extraction efficiency (EE) and the transport of 2,4–dichlorophenol (DCP) and 2,4–dinitrophenol (DNP), studied in the module with glass spheres, showed that the two phenolic derivatives could be separated by adjusting the pH of the source phase. At the acidic pH of the source phase (pH = 2), the two derivatives were extracted with good results (EE > 90%), while for pH values ranging from 4 to 6, they could be separated, with DCP having doubled separation efficiency compared to DNP. At a pH of 8 in the source phase, the extraction efficiency halved for both phenolic compounds.
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Yan, Zhang, Wang Jun-Hui, Luo Jian-Ping, Zhang Qiang, and Lu Jie. "The Structure-Activity Relationship and Molecular Mechanism of Anti-tumor Polysaccharide Isolated from Dendrobium nobile Lindl." Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research 17, no. 2 (2018): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37290/ctnr2641-452x.17:153-163.

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In this study, structure-activity relationship and molecular mechanism of anti-tumor polysaccharide isolated from the stems of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. were investigated. The sulfate and enzymatic analysis were employed to modify polysaccharide DNP-W1A, a fraction of polysaccharide isolated from D. nobile. Nine sulfated derivative fragments (S1–S9) and three fragments after enzymatic digestion (PE1, PE2 and PE3) were obtained using chloro-sulfonic acid and enzymatic methods, respectively. The activities experiment demonstrated that S1–S9, PE1, PE2 and PE3 showed significant anti-tumor activities in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05) in vitro. Annexin-FITC/PI results indicated that PE2 promoted the apoptosis of HepG2 cells at the highest rate of 19.3% compared with other fragments. Also, PE2 significantly increased the gene expression levels of Bax, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 and suppressed the gene expression of Bcl-2 (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, HepG2 cells treated with polysaccharide resulted in suppressed P-AKT expression, and PE2 induced the lowest protein level of P-AKT compared with other fragments. The results concluded that polysaccharide DNP-W1A and its derivatives induced HepG2 cells apoptosis by up-regulating the gene expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 and inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Berd, David, Takami Sato, Henry C. Maguire, John Kairys, and Michael J. Mastrangelo. "Immunopharmacologic Analysis of an Autologous, Hapten-Modified Human Melanoma Vaccine." Journal of Clinical Oncology 22, no. 3 (2004): 403–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2004.06.043.

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Purpose We have previously reported a clinical trial of a human cancer vaccine consisting of autologous tumor cells modified with the hapten, dinitrophenyl (DNP), in patients with clinical stage III melanoma. Here we present a follow-up report expanded to 214 patients with 5-year follow-up. Patients and Methods Two hundred fourteen patients with clinical stage III melanoma (117 patients with stage IIIC and 97 patients with stage IIIB) who were melanoma-free after standard lymphadenectomy were treated with multiple intradermal injections of autologous, DNP-modified vaccine mixed with bacille Calmette-Guérin. Four vaccine dosage schedules were tested sequentially, all of which included low-dose cyclophosphamide. Patients were tested for delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to autologous melanoma cells, both DNP-modified and unmodified, and to control materials. Results The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of the 214 patients was 44%. DTH responses to unmodified autologous melanoma were induced in 47% of patients. The OS of this DTH-positive group was double that of DTH-negative patients (59.3% v 29.3%; P < .001). In contrast, positive DTH responses to DNP-modified autologous melanoma cells and to purified protein derivative developed in almost all patients but did not affect OS. Surprisingly, the OS after relapse was also significantly longer in patients who developed positive DTH to unmodified tumor cells (25.2% v 12.3%; P < .001). Finally, the development of DTH was dependent on the schedule of administration of the vaccine, specifically, the timing of an induction dose administered at the beginning of the treatment program. Conclusion This study underscores the importance of the immunopharmacology of the autologous, DNP-modified vaccine and may be relevant to other cancer vaccine technologies.
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Knight, C. G. "A quenched fluorescent substrate for thimet peptidase containing a new fluorescent amino acid, DL-2-amino-3-(7-methoxy-4-coumaryl)propionic acid." Biochemical Journal 274, no. 1 (1991): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2740045.

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DL-2-Amino-3-(7-methoxy-4-coumaryl)propionic acid, a new fluorescent amino acid (abbreviated to Amp), has been synthesized to provide an alternative to tryptophan in quenched fluorescent peptide substrates for peptidases. The model compound Ac-DL-Amp-NH2 was intensely fluorescent with an excitation maximum at 328 nm and an emission maximum at 392 nm. Fmoc (fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonyl)-DL-Amp was made to allow the solid-phase synthesis of Amp-containing peptides by the Fmoc-polyamide method. The peptide derivative Dnp (2,4-dinitrophenyl)-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-DL-Amp-D-Lys was cleaved by thimet peptidase at the Leu-Gly bond, with a 20-fold enhancement of fluorescence. The value of kcat./Km for thimet peptidase was 6.7 x 10(5) M-1.s-1, compared with the value of 2.4 x 10(5) M-1.s-1 for the tryptophan-containing analogue, Dnp-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-Trp-D-Lys.
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Barrett, A. J., C. G. Knight, M. A. Brown, and U. Tisljar. "A continuous fluorimetric assay for clostridial collagenase and Pz-peptidase activity." Biochemical Journal 260, no. 1 (1989): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2600259.

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The peptide derivative N alpha-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-L-prolyl-L-leucyl-glycyl-L-prolyl-L-tryptophanyl-D- lysine (Dnp-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-Trp-D-Lys) has been found to be a convenient substrate for the assay of clostridial collagenase and Pz-peptidase. The substrate shows a 25-fold enhancement of fluorescence (gamma ex. 283 nm, lambda em. 350 nm) following hydrolysis of the Leu2-Gly3 peptide bond. The value of Km for clostridial collagenase was 17 microM. The substrate for the first time makes possible continuous fluorimetric assays for Pz-peptidase and clostridial collagenase.
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Li, Dongmi, Panpan Lv, Xiao-Wen Han, Zhilei Jia, Min Zheng, and Hai-Tao Feng. "A Highly Efficient Fluorescent Sensor Based on AIEgen for Detection of Nitrophenolic Explosives." Molecules 28, no. 1 (2022): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28010181.

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The detection of nitrophenolic explosives is important in counterterrorism and environmental protection, but it is still a challenge to identify the nitroaromatic compounds among those with a similar structure. Herein, a simple tetraphenylethene (TPE) derivative with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics was synthesized and used as a fluorescent sensor for the detection of nitrophenolic explosives (2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol, TNP and 2, 4-dinitrophenol, DNP) in water solution and in a solid state with a high selectivity. Meanwhile, it was found that only hydroxyl containing nitrophenolic explosives caused obvious fluorescence quenching. The sensing mechanism was investigated by using fluorescence titration and 1H NMR spectra. This simple AIE-active probe can potentially be applied to the construction of portable detection devices for explosives.
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Vissinga, Christine, Kelly Hensley, and Jacqueline Kirchner. "GPR34 is not required for mast cell degranulation induced by IgE or lysophosphatidyl-L-serine (36.1)." Journal of Immunology 182, no. 1_Supplement (2009): 36.1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.182.supp.36.1.

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Abstract Mast cells play an important role in allergic inflammation. Upon activation by cross-linking of FcεRI, they rapidly release granule-associated chemical mediators and secrete cytokines, fatty acids and lipids which mediate allergic inflammation. GPR34 is a GPCR expressed on mast cells and has been proposed to be a receptor for lysophosphatidylserine (lysoPS), a phospholipid derivative which can potentiate antigen-induced mast cell degranulation (BBRC 341: 1078, 2006). To determine if GPR34 is involved in mast cell response, we generated GPR34-/- mice and evaluated mast cell function in vitro and in vivo. Bone marrow-derived mast cells from GPR34+/+ and GPR34-/- mice exhibited similar responses, as measured by beta-hexosaminidase release, to IgE cross-linking or lysoPS stimulation. We evaluated the role of GPR34 in vivo using a passive cutaneous anaphylaxis model induced by crosslinking of FcεRI on mast cells. Mast cells in GPR34+/+ and GPR34-/- mice were activated by SC injection of anti-DNP IgE mAb followed by IV administration of DNP-BSA and Evans blue dye 24 hours later. Activation resulted in vascular permeability which was measured as the amount of dye influx. In this model, the mast cell response was unaffected by GPR34 gene deficiency. Together, our results indicate that GPR34 is not required for the mast cell response to IgE crosslinking in vitro or in vivo and that GPR34 is not a receptor for lysoPS.
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Shakibaie, Mohammad Reza, Balu Parnab Kapadnis, Pershant Dhakephalker, and Balu Ananda Chopade. "Removal of silver from photographic wastewater effluent using Acinetobacter baumannii BL54." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 45, no. 12 (1999): 995–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w99-077.

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Acinetobacter baumannii BL54, a silver (Ag) resistant micro-organism was isolated from clinical samples collected at the Armed Forces Medical College hospital in Pune, India. The strain BL54 removed a high quantity of silver (2.85 mg/g biomass) from photographic wastewater effluent. Treatment of the cells with 10 mM EDTA or agitating the culture did not affect the removal process, while altering pH of the wastewater or pre-treating the cells with 0.5 mM 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), 20 μM N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), 25 μg/mL cefotaxime, and polymyxin-B resulted in considerable decrease in removal of silver by the organism. Dead cells, or a Ags plasmid-cured derivative (BL54.1) removed little silver, which was mainly surface bound. The results, compared with accumulation of Ag by a sensitive culture of Escherichia coli K12 J53.2, suggest that A. baumannii BL54 has good potential for bioremediation of silver from photographic wastewater effluents. Key words: Acinetobacter, silver resistance, silver removal.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "DNP derivative"

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Faccio, Anita. "New penta- and hexacyclic derivatives of quinolizinium ion: DNA-binding and DNA-photocleavaging properties." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425053.

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The discovery of new compounds with antitumoral activity has become one of the most important goals in medicinal chemistry. One interesting group of chemotherapeutic agents used in cancer therapy comprises molecules that interact with DNA. Research in this area has revealed a range of DNA recognizing molecules that act as antitumoral agents, including groove binders, alkylating and intercalator compounds. DNA intercalators are molecules that insert perpendicularly into DNA without forming covalent bonds. The only recognized force that maintain the stability of the DNAintercalators complex, even more than DNA alone, are van der Waals, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic, and/or charge transfer forces. These molecules have attracted particular attention due to their antitumoral activity. For example, a number of acridine and anthracycline derivatives are excellent DNA intercalators that are now on the market as chemotherapeutic agents. However, the clinical application of these and other compounds of the same class has encountered problems such as multidrug resistance (MDR), and secondary and /or collateral effects. These shortcoming have motivated the search of new compounds to be used either in place of, or in conjunction with, the existing molecules. Along these lines, especially important are the ligands capable of structure- or sequence-selective binding to nucleic acids, since such compounds may purposefully influence the biological functionality of genetic material in vivo. The condensed poly(hetero)aromatic compounds are usually regarded as representative DNA intercalators, especially if they posses electron-deficiency or charged aromatic cores. However, only a few ligands are known that bind to the DNA by the intercalative mode exclusively. A vast number of ligands, which have an intercalating part endowed with a variety of substituents, bind to the DNA by a mixed mode, since the substituents occupy the DNA grooves upon binding. In view of the complexity of the ligand-DNA recognition process, a study with model compounds which posses only one DNAbinding mode is desired. Measurement of the binding constant and biological activity of DNA-intercalator complexes in the 1970’s and QSAR studies in the 1980’s, leads to the conclusion that there should exist a relationship between cytotoxic activity and binding force. Otherwise, cytotoxicity is not only dependent on the ability to interact with DNA, since there are many DNA intercalators that are incapable of working as cytotoxic agents. To be effective, a drug must first overcome many barriers, including metabolic pathways, and cytoplasmatic and nuclear membranes. Once drug is situated in the nucleus, it must be capable of interacting with DNA by intercalating, that is forming a stable complex with a relatively long half-life. Cytotoxicity could be also a consequence of the poisoning of topoisomerases, enzymes that are directly involved in DNA recognition, in the fundamental steps of cellular growth. The spatial arrangement of DNA before, during, and after replication is essential to a high-quality cell division process. In this way, DNA topology is governed by these enzymes. The enzymes can be classified into two main classes: type I, which breaks only one strand of the DNA, although both strands are involved in the interaction with the enzyme, and type II, which breaks both strands of the duplex. They are both a good leads for DNA intercalators, which induce cytotoxicity when they poison the enzymes by stabilizing the ternary, DNA– intercalator–topoisomerase complex in such a way that the enzymatic process cannot continue forward or backward. Finally, once the enzyme–DNA complexes are poisoned by intercalators, the ternary complex is detected by the cell as a damaged portion, which triggers a series of events, which induces cell apoptosis (programmed cell death). In recent years much interest has been focused on molecules that may bind and modify genetic material. Along these lines, there has been increasing attention in the discovery and investigation of compounds that cleave DNA when irradiated with visible or UV light. These molecules are called photonucleases and they exhibit a large potential for therapeutic applications because they are often inert until activated by light and allow control of the reaction both in a spatial and temporal sense. The photonucleases operate by several distinct mechanism. One class of compounds photosensitizes the excitation of reactive intermediates that react with DNA, such as singlet oxygen, or the hydroxyl radical. In a second class, the photonuclease is bound to the nucleic acid before its activation and the DNA damage is thus localized at or near the binding site. These compounds, like any other small DNA-binding molecule, associate by intercalation or fit into the minor groove of the DNA. So, the photosensitized damage of DNA offers a promising tool to destroy DNA on purpose and may have a photobiological effects as they can be applied as phototherapeutics. The photosensitization of cells and tissue using photoactive drugs has been exploited in a variety of phototherapies for the treatment of multiple diseases. In fact in the last 20 years there was the development of dyes for photodynamic therapy, in particular porphyrins and porphyrins-based compounds, or new psoralen derivatives to apply for the well known PUVA therapy. Moreover photosensitization approaches have also been investigated for antimicrobical use, disinfections of blood products, as well as for wound closure in photochemical tissue bonding. Among the compounds investigated along these lines are quinolizinium derivatives such as coralyne and the related molecules. Moreover was recently observed that the tri- and tetra-benzoquinolizinium derivatives and indoloquinolizinium exhibit DNA-binding and, after UV-A irradiation, DNA-photodamaging properties. However, other examples for DNA-binding quinolizinium derivatives with photonuclease activity are still rare. The compounds analyzed in this project are a penta- and hexacyclic derivatives of quinolizinium ion, namely, diazoniapentaphene derivatives, diazoniaanthra[1,2- a]anthracenes, diazoniahexaphene and a partly saturated hydroxyl-substituted diazoniapentaphene. The investigations of these compounds allow to evaluate both the influence of the position of the positive charge and if the extension of ? system may enhance the interaction between DNA base pair. Finally, biological studies are carried out, because their cytotoxic and photocytotoxic activity was never been consider before.
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Bode, Moira Leanne. "Synthetic and spectroscopic studies of indolizine derivatives." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005050.

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The crystalline compound resulting from thermal cyclization of the Baylis-Hillman product, methyl 3-hydroxy-2-methylene-3-(2-pyridyl)propanoate, has been identified as the indolizine derivative, methyl indolizine-2-carboxylate, and this approach involving the reaction of pyridine-2-carboxaldehydes and acrylate analogues has been established as a general route to 2-substituted indolizines. The ease of cyclization the Baylis-Hillman products to indolizines has been shown to increase by converting the hydroxy group to an acetoxy group, and a range of acetylated Baylis-Hillman products were prepared and cyc1ized to the corresponding 2-substituted indolizines, generally in good overall yield. In the reaction of pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde and methyl vinyl ketone, the intermediate cyclized readily and directly to the corresponding indolizine. One- and two-dimensional ¹H and ¹³C NMR analysis of the 2-substituted indolizine products has permitted complete assignment of all ¹H and ¹³C NMR signals, as well as the measurement of all coupling constants for these compounds. A kinetic and mechanistic study has been conducted on the Baylis-Hillman reaction using ¹H NMR spectroscopy. A range of substrates has been examined and the reaction has been found to be third-order overall. A mechanism involving an addition - elimination sequence is proposed, which fits the kinetic data and accounts for observed substituent effects. Reaction of N,N-dimethylacrylamide with pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde in the presence of the tertiary amine catalyst, DABCO, in chloroform, yielded an unexpected product which has been identified by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis as 1-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl)pyridine. Attempted extension of the general indolizine route to the preparation of chromene systems by reacting salicylaldehyde with methyl acrylate in the presence of DABCO, also led to an unexpected, crystalline material, identified by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis as the coumarin derivative, 3-[(2-formylphenoxy)methyl]coumarin.A series of chloroquine analogues have been prepared from indolizine-2-carboxylic acid, pyrrolo[I,2-a]quinoline-2-carboxylic acid and imidazo[I,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid by reaction with suitable amines in the presence of the coupling reagent 1, I' -carbonyldiimidazole. This route has been shown to be a vast improvement on earlier procedures and has provided access to both secondary and tertiary indolizine-2-carboxamides. A range of N,N-dialkylindolizine-2-carboxamides have been prepared by this route, and the influence of substituents on their N-CO rotational energy barriers has been determined using variable temperature ¹H and ¹³C NMR techniques. Intercalation with natural DNA by both chloroquine and the synthesized chloroquine analogues has been examined using UV spectrophotometry, and ¹H and ³¹P NMR spectroscopy. The pyrrolo[I,2-a]quinolines have been shown to be DNA intercalators with binding affinities similar to that of the known antimalarial intercalator, chloroquine. In a preliminary study the synthesis of a short oligonucleotide has been undertaken and changes have been observed in the ¹H and ³¹P NMR spectra of the oligonucleotide on addition of the intercalator, chloroquine.
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Phillips, Tim. "DNA Binding and Photophysical Studies on Organic Derivatives of Dipyridophenazine." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.489744.

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Waller, Zoë Ann Ella. "Targeting G-quadruplex DNA with triarylpyridines and Nile Red derivatives." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611621.

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Gangemi, Chiara Maria Antonietta. "Synthesis and use of new Porphyrin Derivatives." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/3883.

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The Ph.D work was aimed to design, synthesize, and test capabilities of new spermine-porphyrin and BODIPY derivatives, and to study their interactions with various biological targets. The research period was focused on the synthesis of porphyrin derivatives with a different number of spermine pendants, in order to combine the hydrophobic and hydrophilic behaviour in a single molecule with the possibility to modulate the two properties, but meanwhile also to have biocompatible features. In particular, polyamine arms make these compounds quite soluble in aqueous solution and let them to interact with the anionic backbones of different DNA structures, displaying a different protonation degree depending on pH. The results obtained by CD-measurements, UV-Vis, fluorescence and RLS spectroscopy support the good ability of these derivatives (i.e. ZnTCPPSpm4) to act like inducer, probe and stabilizer towards the Z-form of DNA. Moreover, they show a good affinity with G-Quadruplex (i.e. H2TCPPSpm4) opening the way to several supramolecular structures. In addition, these porphyrins are able to self-assembly under hierarchical control, obtaining the desired aggregation state in solution, by choosing the appropriate pH value. The collected results do not allow to propose a definitive mechanism of interactions between porphyrin-porphyrin, and porphyrin-DNA and therefore further work is in progress in order to get a rationale which can help in designing ad hoc molecules to selectively interact with the target biomolecules.
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Lischke, Ulrike. "Investigation of the mutagenic potential of naturally occurring oxidized DNA nucleobase derivatives." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-163774.

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The integrity of DNA in living organisms is permanently threatened by many endogenous and exogenous factors. Damages can lead to cell death and serious diseases and have to be repaired by the organism. The focus of this thesis is the investigation of the ability of high (Bst Pol I, Klenow fragment exo-) and low fidelity polymerases (Pol kappa, Pol eta) to insert and bypass several oxidatively-derived purine-lesions, such as 8-oxopurines (8-oxodA, 8-oxodG) and formamidopyrimidines (FaPydA, FaPydG), but also guanine-derived imidazolone (dIz) and its further degradation products oxazolone and guanidinoformimine. In order to support the biochemical data and to reveal the replication mechanism of a high fidelity polymerase with FaPy-lesions we performed co-crystallization studies with Bst Pol I. After the discovery that oxidative modifications of the base methylcytosine (mC) occur naturally within the genome and play a key role during cellular development we sought to address the question of their mutagenic potential.
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Idziak, Irene. "Synthesis of amide-backbone DNA analogues and their poly(ethylene glycol) derivatives." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40145.

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Thymidine dimers 16 and 18, connected by amide or N-methylamide linkages, have been prepared. The dimers were incorporated into normal strands of DNA by solid phase synthesis. Thermal denaturation studies, using complementary single-stranded RNA, indicated that these modifications caused no destabilization of the DNA-RNA duplex.<br>The block synthesis of amide-linked homotetramer 30 is described. The synthesis of the corresponding octamer could not be verified because of lack of solubility. One by one homologation was found to be a suitable method for the preparation of N-methylamide analogues.<br>Poly(ethylene glycol), covalently attached to the 3$ sp prime$ or 5$ sp prime$ end of amide-backbone thymidine homopolymers, was found to greatly increase their solubility. The poly(ethylene glycol) simultaneously served as a soluble solid support for the homologation reactions.$ sp*$ ftn$ sp*$Please refer to the dissertation for diagram.
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Modi, Chetna. "Structure selective DNA recognition by a novel class of polycyclic acridine derivatives." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395583.

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Yang, Dazhou. "Synthesis and biophysical evaluation of thiazole orange derivatives as DNA binding ligands." Scholarly Commons, 2014. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/141.

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Guanine-rich telomeric DNA at the end of chromosomes can form a unique DNA tertiary structure - G-quadruplex, which is known to inhibit the binding of telomerase to telomeric regions in cancer cells and thus regulate unrestricted cancer cell growth. Hence, G-quadruplex DNA has recently become a promising target in oncology. The formation of G-quadruplex structures is greatly facilitated by G-quadruplex binding ligands such as Thiazole orange (TO). Compared with other G-quadruplex binding ligands, TO has an intriguing tunable fluorescence property. Upon binding to DNA, the fluorescence of TO can increase up to 1000-fold, making it an attractive probe for studying ligand-DNA interactions. However, the poor binding affinity and minimal binding selectivity towards different DNA conformations greatly limit its applications. My research focuses on developing G-quadruplex binding ligands using TO as a scaffold. In the first part of this work, we investigated the feasibility of increasing the TO binding affinity and selectivity toward G-quadruplex DNA by introducing side chains to the molecule. TO derivatives containing various side chains were successfully synthesized and characterized. Biophysical and biochemical studies with duplex and G-quadruplex DNA showed that tethering side chains to TO is an effective approach to tune its ability of binding to duplex or G-quadruplex DNA. Possible binding modes of the effective derivatives were studied using AutoDock. Their inhibition of telomerase activities was studied using the TRAP assay. The cytotoxicity of these derivatives toward three cancer cell lines was also investigated using the MTS assay. The second part of this work focuses on development of TO-based G-quadruplex DNA binding ligands that can bind to DNA via the dual recognition mode. TO was tethered with pyrene, naphthalene diimide, and anthraquinone respectively to yield three novel conjugates. Further investigation suggested that the conjugate of TO with naphthalene diimide (TO-NF) gave the best G-quadruplex binding affinity. It binds to G-quadruplex DNA via the end stack mode and strongly inhibits the telomerase activity. The cytotoxicity results will also be discussed in this presentation.
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Chen, Junpeng. "Enzymatic formation of supramolecular hydrogels based on self-assembly of DNA derivatives." Waltham, Mass. : Brandeis University, 2009. http://dcoll.brandeis.edu/handle/10192/23323.

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Books on the topic "DNP derivative"

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1951-, Nielsen Peter E., ed. Peptide nucleic acids: Methods and protocols. Humana Press, 2002.

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Sigmund, Harald. Nucleosid, Farbstoff, Konjugate: Synthese und Anwendung als DNA-Sonden. Hartung-Gorre, 1993.

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Azria, M., J. Engel, S. Grünwald, et al. Calcitonins — Physiological and Pharmacological Aspects Mafosfamide — A Derivative of 4-Hydroxycyclophosphamide Enzymatic DNA Methylation. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74734-2.

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1936-, Azira Moise, ed. Calcitonins - physiological and pharmacological aspects ; Mafosfamide - a derivative of 4-hydroxycyclosphamide ; Enzymatic DNA methylation. Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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Ismail, Matthew Arif. DNA-ligand interactions: A biophysical study of 9-hydroxyellipticine, Hoechst 33258 and a meso-substituted porphyrin derivative binding to DNA. typescript, 1998.

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E, Khudyakov Yury, and Fields Howard A, eds. Artificial DNA: Methods and applications. CRC Press, 2003.

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World Health Organization (WHO). The use of Artemisinin and its derivatives as ant-malarial drugs: Report of a Joint CTD/DMP/TDR Informal Consultation. World Health Organization, 1998.

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Nielsen, Peter E. Peptide Nucleic Acids: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology). Humana Press, 2002.

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Nielsen, Peter E. Peptide Nucleic Acids: Methods and Protocols. Springer, 2021.

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Nielsen, Peter E. Peptide Nucleic Acids: Methods and Protocols. Humana Press, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "DNP derivative"

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Gupta, S. P., P. Pandya, G. S. Kumar, and S. Kumar. "Indole Derivatives as DNA Minor Groove Binders." In Chemistry of Phytopotentials: Health, Energy and Environmental Perspectives. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23394-4_32.

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Faber, Wolfgang, Nicola Leone, and Gerald Pfeifer. "Pushing Goal Derivation in DLP Computations." In Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46767-x_13.

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Takenaka, Shigeori. "Cyclic Naphthalene Diimide Derivatives as Novel DNA Ligands." In Handbook of Chemical Biology of Nucleic Acids. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1313-5_31-1.

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Takenaka, Shigeori. "Cyclic Naphthalene Diimide Derivatives as Novel DNA Ligands." In Handbook of Chemical Biology of Nucleic Acids. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9776-1_31.

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Ho, Hoang-Anh, Maurice Boissinot, Michel G. Bergeron, et al. "DNA-Sensors Using a Water-Soluble, Cationic Poly(thiophene) Derivative." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2005-0888.ch027.

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Mura, Manuela. "Modelling of DNA Derivatives and Comparison with Experimental Results." In Self-Assembly of Flat Organic Molecules on Metal Surfaces. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30325-8_6.

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Kim, Y. K., H. L. Jiang, Y. J. Choi, I. K. Park, M. H. Cho, and C. S. Cho. "Polymeric Nanoparticles of Chitosan Derivatives as DNA and siRNA Carriers." In Advances in Polymer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/12_2011_110.

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Inaki, Yoshiaki, and Takehiko Wada. "Polyethyleneimine Derivatives as Nucleic Acid Model and Interaction with DNA." In New Macromolecular Architecture and Functions. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80289-8_9.

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Yamada, Takashi, Masayuki Nakao, Takashi Yanagi, et al. "Conformational studies of Dnp-pNA derivatives of tetrapeptide diastereomers containing α,α-disubstituted glycines." In Peptides 1992. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1470-7_222.

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Maehigashi, Tatsuya, Dong-Hyun Kim, Raymond F. Schinazi, and Baek Kim. "SAMHD1-Mediated Negative Regulation of Cellular dNTP Levels: HIV-1, Innate Immunity, and Cancers." In Enzymatic and Chemical Synthesis of Nucleic Acid Derivatives. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527812103.ch12.

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Conference papers on the topic "DNP derivative"

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Thomas, Brian, and D. C. Agarwal. "Successful Replacement of Alloy 30, UNS N06030 with Alloy 31, UNS N08031 at a Phosphoric Acid Plant." In CORROSION 2007. NACE International, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2007-07216.

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Abstract In the fertilizer industry, phosphoric acid, ammonia and their derivatives along with potassium compounds are the major fertilizers providing the necessary soil nutrients for the agricultural industry. Ammonia, superphosphates, phosphoric acid and potassium chloride become the building blocks of the fertilizer industry and from these basic materials, hundreds of different formulations are produced to fit the individual soil and crop needs such as DAP (di-ammonium phosphate) and MAP (mono-ammonium phosphate) and others. More than 95% of the world's phosphoric acid production is by the wet acid process, balance being "furnace acid grade for food and other additives. Almost 100% of this wet process acid is used in the manufacture of various fertilizers. Wet phosphoric acid manufacturing appears to be relatively simple involving the reaction of phosphate rock with concentrated sulfuric acid yielding phosphoric acid (26 to 28% P2O5) and calcium sulfate slurry, followed by filtration of the acid slurry to remove particulate matter, followed by concentration and purification of the phosphoric acid. Even though the process appears to be relatively simple and straightforward, severe erosion / corrosion problems have been encountered. Erosion is caused by particulate matter of phosphate rock and gypsum solids moving at high velocities whereas corrosion is due to the presence of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrofluoric acid, hydrofluosilisic acid, chlorides, fluorides, organic compounds and oxidizing species such as ferric ions and other corrodents which can dramatically affect the active / passive behavior of metals and alloys used in this industry. The recent trend to increase the concentration of the final product involves use of higher operating temperatures, which increases the severity of the corrosive environments. This paper presents data, both lab and field, on some of the typical alloys and various components used in this industry to combat the corrosion problems with special emphasis on a newly developed super-austenitic high chromium 6 Mo alloy 31, UNS N08031 which has helped to solve/mitigate both the erosion and corrosion problems in this industry in a cost effective manner, both in USA and abroad (Morocco, Jordan, Israel). This alloy has successfully replaced alloy UNS N06030 in the author’s plant in Rock Springs, Wyoming and for the last three years has been performing exceedingly well.
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Dovichi, Norman J., Shade Wu, and Da Yung Chen. "High Sensitivity Fluorescence Detection of Biological Molecules." In Laser Applications to Chemical Analysis. Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/laca.1990.tha1.

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Fluorescein is a good fluorescent label for high sensitivity analysis. The molecule has high molar absorptivity, 5 × 104 L mol-1 cm-1 at 488 nm and near unit fluorescence quantum yield in the pH range of 8 to 10. Unfortunately, the molecule is not photostable undergoing irreversible photobleaching after absorbance of about 8,000 photons. Fluorescein may be used to label amino groups in amino acids, peptides, and proteins through the isothiocyanate derivative. Under basic conditions, the thiocarbamoyl derivative is formed, with relatively good stability. The reaction between amino acids and fluorescein isothiocyanate is first order in bod the concentration of amino acid and derivative, with an activation energy of about 16 kcal/mol. Under acidic conditions, the cyclic thiohydantoin derivative is formed, cleaving the terminal amino acid from proteins and peptides. This thiohydantoin derivative possesses greater photostability than the thiocarbamoyl derivative, decomposing after absorbance of about 12,000 photons. The thiocarbamoyl-thiohydantoin derivative series is the basis of an Edmon degradation scheme for protein sequencing. In addition to amino acid labeling, fluorescein may be used to label thiols through the bromobimane derivatives; a high sensitivity DNA analysis is based on this compound. Last, succinylfluorescein labeled chain terminating dideoxynucleotides are used in DNA sequencing, these molecules have similar spectral properties as fluorescein.
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"DNA Curve with Conformal Fractional Derivative." In 3rd International Conference on Scientific and Academic Research ICSAR 2023. All Sciences Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59287/as-proceedings.781.

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den Dulk, Remco. "Self-Assembly Experiments with PNA-Derivatized Carbon Nanotubes." In DNA-BASED MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS: International Symposium on DNA-Based Molecular Electronics. AIP, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1805375.

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Zhang, Yi-liang, Rui-bin Gou, Ji-min Li, Gong-tian Shen, and Jing Wang. "Experimental Study on Critical Derivative of Cracking Magnetic Field Intensity in High Frequency Fatigue Test." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25531.

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This paper focuses on engineering application of metal magnetic memory (MMM) method. High-cycle fatigue test were applied to a large number of defect-free samples, and MMM signals were captured before fatigue fracturing. A concept of critical magnetic intensity (Hp) derivative (dHp/dx) of cracking was proposed. To study the characteristics of Hp and its derivative (dHp/dx) during cracking, fatigue test were applied to a total number of 50 pieces of Q235, 16MnR and base metal and welded specimens. In different fatigue periods, MMM signals were tested and microscopic metallographic were observed, so as to quantitatively analyze Hp and dHp/dx from both macro and micro angles. The results show that various materials differ in their critical dHp/dx limit, which could be the fatigue crack initiation time. It thus proves that MMM has special efficiency in the diagnosis of premature defects and stress concentration of metal structures.
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Chen, T., K. Igarashi, A. Yamaguchi, et al. "Femtosecond Photoisomerization Study on Azobenzene-Derivative Bound by DNA." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. OSA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.2010.me6.

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Agrawal, N., A. Kumar, and Varun Bajaj. "Phase Optimization based Design of Infinite Impulse Response Filter using Fractional Derivative." In 2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Digital Signal Processing (DSP). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdsp.2018.8631587.

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Collberg, Leif, and Erik Levold. "DNV GL-ST-F101 Combined Loading Criterion: Background and Derivation." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54238.

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The local buckling criterion for combined loading in DNV GL-ST-F101 (DNV-OS-F101) [1] was introduced in its present format in the 2007 revision. The formulation is based on a plasticity theory, modified for strain hardening and, finally, finite element calculations. Derivation of this formula has not been published before and is given in the paper. Further, there is some confusion in the industry with respect to the use of effective force in the formulation which will be explained. This paper is supported by a paper that compares this formulation with tests and other criteria, Fyrileiv et al [2].
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Heller, Michael J., Dieter Dehlinger, Sadik Esener, and Benjamin Sullivan. "Electric Field Directed Fabrication of Biosensor Devices From Biomolecule Derivatized Nanoparticles." In ASME 2007 2nd Frontiers in Biomedical Devices Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/biomed2007-38093.

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An electronic microarray has been used to carry out directed self-assembly of higher order 3D structures from Biotin/Streptavidin and DNA derivatized nanoparticles. Structures with more than forty layers of alternating biotin and streptavidin and DNA nanoparticles were fabricated using a 400 site CMOS microarray system. In this process, reconfigurable electric fields produced by the microarray device have been used to rapidly transport, concentrate and accelerate the binding of 40 and 200 nanometer biotin, streptavidin, DNA and peroxidase derivatized nanoparticles to selected sites on the microarray. The nanoparticle layering process takes less than one minute per layer (10–20 seconds for addressing and binding nanoparticles, 40 seconds for washing). The nanoparticle addressing/binding process can be monitored by changes in fluorescence intensity as each nanoparticle layer is deposited. The final multilayered 3-D structures are about two microns in thickness and 50 microns in diameter. Work is now focused on assembling “micron size” biosensor devices from bio-molecule derivatized luminescent and fluorescent nanoparticles. The proposed structure for a nanolayered glucose sensor device includes a base layer of biotin/streptavidin nanoparticles, a layer of glucose oxidase derivatized nanoparticles, a layer of peroxidase derivatized nanoparticles, a layer of quantum dots, and a final layer of biotin/streptavidin nanoparticles. Such a device will serve as a prototype for a wide variety of applications which includes other biosensor devices, lab-on a-chip devices, in-vivo drug delivery systems and “micron size” dispersible bio/chem sensors for environmental, military and homeland security applications.
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Wolszczak, Marian, Edyta Grzesiak, Dorota Kowalczyk, and Ryszard Ostaszewski. "Interactions of new derivatives of anthracene with calf thymus DNA." In XVII International Conference on Coherent and Nonlinear Optics (ICONO 2001), edited by Andrey Y. Chikishev, Valentin A. Orlovich, Anatoly N. Rubinov, and Alexei M. Zheltikov. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.468902.

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Reports on the topic "DNP derivative"

1

Sisson, G., and B. Laurie. Derivation of DNS Name Predecessor and Successor. RFC Editor, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc4471.

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Thomashow, Linda, Leonid Chernin, Ilan Chet, David M. Weller, and Dmitri Mavrodi. Genetically Engineered Microbial Agents for Biocontrol of Plant Fungal Diseases. United States Department of Agriculture, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7696521.bard.

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The objectives of the project were: a) to construct the site-specific integrative expression cassettes carrying: (i) the chiA gene for a 58-kDa endochitinase, (ii) the pyrrolnitrin biosynthesis operon, and (iii) the acdS gene encoding ACC deaminase; b) to employ these constructs to engineer stable recombinant strains with an expanded repertoire of beneficial activities; c) to evaluate the rhizosphere competence and antifungal activity of the WT and modified strains against pathogenic fungi under laboratory and greenhouse conditions; and d) to monitor the persistence and impact of the introduced strains on culturable and nonculturable rhizosphere microbial populations in the greenhouse and the field. The research generally support our concepts that combining strategically selected genes conferring diverse modes of action against plant pathogens into one organism can improve the efficacy of biological control agents. We hypothesized that biocontrol agents (BCAs) engineered to expand their repertoire of beneficial activities will more effectively control soilborne plant pathogens. In this work, we demonstrated that biocontrol activity of Pseudomonas fluorescens Q8r1-96 and Q2-87, both producing the antibiotic 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (2,4-DAPG) effective against the plant pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani, can be improved significantly by introducing and expressing either the 1.6-kb gene chiA, encoding the 58-kDa endochitinase ChiA from the rhizosphere strain SerratiaplymuthicaIC1270, or the 5.8-kb prnABCDoperon encoding the broad-range antibiotic pyrrolnitrin (Prn) from another rhizosphere strain, P. fluorescens Pf-5. The PₜₐcchiAandPₜₐcprnABCDcassettes were cloned into the integrative pBK-miniTn7-ΩGm plasmid, and inserted into the genomic DNA of the recipient bacteria. Recombinant derivatives of strains Q8r1-96 and Q2-87 expressing the PₜₐcchiA or PₜₐcprnABCD cassettes produced endochitinase ChiA, or Prn, respectively, in addition to 2,4-DAPG, and the recombinants gave significantly better biocontrol of R. solani on beans under greenhouse conditions. The disease reduction index increased in comparison to the parental strains Q8r1-96 and Q2-87 to 17.5 and 39.0% from 3.2 and 12.4%, respectively, in the case of derivatives carrying the PₜₐcchiAcassette and to 63.1 and 70% vs. 2.8 and 12,4%, respectively, in the case of derivatives carrying the PₜₐcprnABCDcassette. The genetically modified strains exhibited persistence and non-target effects comparable to those of the parental strains in greenhouse soil. Three integrative cassettes carrying the acdS gene encoding ACC deaminase cloned under the control of different promoters were constructed and tested for enhancement of plant growth promotion by biocontrol strains of P. fluorescens and S. plymuthica. The integrative cassettes constructed in this work are already being used as a simple and efficient tool to improve biocontrol activity of various PGPR bacteria against fungi containing chitin in the cell walls or highly sensitive to Prn. Some parts of the work (e. g., construction of integrative cassettes) was collaborative while other parts e.g., (enzyme and antibiotic activity analyses) were fully synergistic. The US partners isolated and provided to the Israeli collaborators the original biocontrol strains P. fluorescens strains Q8r1-96 and Q2-87 and their mutants deficient in 2,4-DAPG production, which were used to evaluate the relative importance of introduction of Prn, chitinase or ACC deaminase genes for improvement of the biocontrol activity of the parental strains. The recombinant strains obtained at HUJI were supplied to the US collaborators for further analysis.
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Tel-Zur, Neomi, and Jeffrey J. Doyle. Role of Polyploidy in Vine Cacti Speciation and Crop Domestication. United States Department of Agriculture, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7697110.bard.

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1. Abstract: Over the past 25 years, vine cacti of the genera Hylocereus and Selenicereus have been introduced into Israel and southern California as new exotic fruit crops. The importance of these crops lies in their high water use efficiency and horticultural potential as exotic fruit crops. Our collaboration focused on the cytological, molecular and evolutionary aspects of vine cacti polyploidization to confront the agricultural challenge of genetic improvement, ultimately to improve success of vine cacti as commercial fruit crop plants. More specifically, we worked on the: 1- Identification of the putative ancestor(s) of the tetraploid H. megalanthus; 2- Determination of the number of origins of H. megalanthus (single vs. multiple origins of polyploidy); 3- Cytogenetic analysis of BC1 and F1 hybrids; 4- Determination of important agricultural traits and the selection of superior hybrids for cultivation. The plant material used in this study comprised interspecific Hylocereus F1 and first backcross (BC1) hybrids, nine Hylocereus species (58 genotypes), nine Selenicereus species (14 genotypes), and four Epiphyllum genotypes. Two BC1 hexaploids (BC-023 and BC-031) were obtained, a high ploidy level that can be explained only by a fertilization event between one unreduced female gamete from the triploid hybrid and a balanced gamete from the pollen donor, the diploid H. monacanthus. These findings are scientific evidence that support the possibility that “hybridization followed by chromosome doubling” could also occur in nature. Cytomixis, the migration of chromatin between adjacent cells through connecting cytoplasmatic channels, was observed in vine cacti hybrids and may thus imply selective DNA elimination in response to the allopolyploidization process. Evidence from plastid and nrDNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS) sequences support the placement of H. megalanthus within a monophyletic Hylocereus group. Furthermore, both plastid and ITS datasets are most consistent with a conclusion that this tetraploid species is an autopolyploid, despite observations that the species appears to be morphologically intermediate between Hylocereus and Selenicereus. Although the possibility of very narrow allopolyploidly (i.e., derivation from parents that are barely diverged from each other such as closely related species in the same genus) cannot be ruled out entirely based on our data (in part due to the unavailability of Hylocereus species considered to be morphologically the closest relatives of H. megalanthus), the possibility of H. megalanthus representing an intergeneric cross (i.e., Hylocereus × Selenicereus) seems extremely unlikely. Interestingly, the process of homogenization of ITS sequences (concerted evolution) is either incomplete or lacking in both Hylocereus and Selenicereus, and the inclusion of several artificial hybrids in the molecular study revealed the potential for biparental plastid inheritance in Hylocereus. The most important agricultural implication of this research project was the information collected for F1 and BC1 hybrids. Specifically, this project concluded with the selection of four superior hybrids in terms of fruit quality and potential yields under extreme high temperatures. These selected hybrids are self-compatible, avoiding the need for hand cross pollination to set fruits, thus reducing manpower costs. We recently offered these hybrids to growers in Israel for prioritized rapid evaluation and characterization.
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