Relevant bibliographies by topics / Document conversion

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Document conversion'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Document conversion"

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Galbraith, Ian. "The practicalities of document conversion." Indexer: The International Journal of Indexing 18, no. 2 (October 1, 1992): 118–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/indexer.1992.18.2.19.

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Misfifed your electronic documents again? If your over-flowing paper files have been converted to scanned digital image formal there may have been a few problems along the way. A specialist in such conversions (contact them for all your document-imaging needs) points out the important considerations there in indexing. This part of his article is reprinted by permission from Information Media and Technology 24 (6), Nov. 1991.
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Ito, Masashi, Tomohiro Ohno, and Shigeki Matsubara. "Text-Style Conversion of Speech Transcript into Web Document for Lecture Archive." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 13, no. 4 (July 20, 2009): 499–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2009.p0499.

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It is very significant to the knowledge society to accumulate spoken documents on the web. However, because of the high redundancy of spontaneous speech, the faithfully transcribed text is not readable on an Internet browser, and therefore not suitable as a web document. This paper proposes a technique for converting spoken documents into web documents for the purpose of building a speech archiving system. The technique edits automatically transcribed texts and improves their readability on the browser. The readable text can be generated by applying technology such as paraphrasing, segmentation, and structuring transcribed texts. Editing experiments using lecture data demonstrated the feasibility of the technique. A prototype system of spoken document archiving was implemented to confirm its effectiveness.
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Li, Juan, Ning Li, and Mei Xiu Li. "Study on Key Issues of Document Format Conversion." Applied Mechanics and Materials 263-266 (December 2012): 2024–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.263-266.2024.

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This paper mainly discusses some key issues of document format conversion as well as their solutions. Document format conversion is an effective way to solve the current problems of the coexistence and poor interoperability of multiple document formats. However, the existing format translators are far from perfect and hard to satisfy the users’ requirements.Based on the research of UOF-OOXML translator, this paper discusses the existing problems of the translator so as to find the key issues that affect the format conversion, makes a further analysis of and exploration into these problems, and finds appropriate solutions. The research result is helpful to update the design of translatorsandimprove document interoperability.
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Belaïd, A. "Retrospective document conversion: application to the library domain." International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition 1, no. 3 (December 1, 1998): 125–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100320050013.

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Sperberg-McQueen, C. M. "What Constitutes Successful Format Conversion? Towards a Formalization of 'Intellectual Content'." International Journal of Digital Curation 6, no. 1 (March 8, 2011): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v6i1.179.

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Recent work in the semantics of markup languages may offer a way to achieve more reliable results for format conversion, or at least a way to state the goal more explicitly. In the work discussed, the meaning of markup in a document is taken as the set of things accepted as true because of the markup's presence, or equivalently, as the set of inferences licensed by the markup in the document. It is possible, in principle, to apply a general semantic description of a markup vocabulary to documents encoded using that vocabulary and to generate a set of inferences (typically rather large, but finite) as a result. An ideal format conversion translating a digital object from one vocabulary to another, then, can be characterized as one which neither adds nor drops any licensed inferences; it is possible to check this equivalence explicitly for a given conversion of a digital object, and possible in principle (although probably beyond current capabilities in practice) to prove that a given transformation will, if given valid and semantically correct input, always produce output that is semantically equivalent to its input. This approach is directly applicable to the XML formats frequently used for scientific and other data, but it is also easily generalized from SGML/XML-based markup languages to digital formats in general; at a high level, it is equally applicable to document markup, to database exchanges, and to ad hoc formats for high-volume scientific data.Some obvious complications and technical difficulties arising from this approach are discussed, as are some important implications. In most real-world format conversions, the source and target formats differ at least somewhat in their ontology, either in the level of detail they cover or in the way they carve reality into classes; it is thus desirable not only to define what a perfect format conversion looks like, but to quantify the loss or distortion of information resulting from the conversion.
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Hu, Yang, and Lin Su. "Electronic Document Safe Exchange Technology Based on Identity Cryptography." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 3353–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.3353.

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In this paper, in accordance with the current difficulties in the document and data exchange between different departments of an enterprise, the authors carry on analysis on the identity authentication and authorization problems in the document transmission system at the present time, and design a scheme for the electronic document exchange platform which is based on the cryptography algorithm of identity, and finally put forward an electronic document safe exchange platform based on the identity, which provides a security guarantee for the implementation of the free flow and conversion of the electronic documents among different intranets. In addition, the identity authentication and authorization access control with safety and higher reliability can be realized for the electronic documents transmission system in the applications of network as well.
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Li, Kai, Yong Wang, Mei Lin Liu, Xue Zhong Wei, Xiang Xin Liu, and Lan Li. "Design and Implementation of the Critical Functions in IETM System." Advanced Materials Research 756-759 (September 2013): 2379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.2379.

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ETM system is a complex product information management system based on JSP and MySQL. It contains three subsystems: product management system, material management system and IETM making system. This paper first introduces the IETM system, then focuses on the key techniques involved in the management process including product information management, the association between a product and its sub-products, the product tree caused by a damaged product, the product tree used to find the cause of failure, the performance table management, the conversion technology from product information data to a S10000D document, the conversion technology from S1000D documents to a Word document and the word name repetitive judgment.
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FONG, JOSEPH, HERBERT SHIU, and JENNY WONG. "METHODOLOGY FOR DATA CONVERSION FROM XML DOCUMENTS TO RELATIONS USING EXTENSIBLE STYLESHEET LANGUAGE TRANSFORMATION." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 19, no. 02 (March 2009): 249–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194009004131.

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Extensible Markup Language (XML) has been used for data-transport and data-transformation while the business sector continues to store critical business data in relational databases. Extracting relational data and formatting it into XML documents, and then converting XML documents back to relational structures, becomes a major daily activity. It is important to have an efficient methodology to handle this conversion between XML documents and relational data. This paper aims to perform data conversion from XML documents into relational databases. It proposes a prototype and algorithms for this conversion process. The pre-process is schema translation using an XML schema definition. The proposed approach is based on the needs of an Order Information System to suggest a methodology to gain the benefits provided by XML technology and relational database management systems. The methodology is a stepwise procedure using XML schema definition and Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (XSLT) to ensure that the data constraints are not scarified after data conversion. The implementation of the data conversion is performed by decomposing the XML document of a hierarchical tree model into normalized relations interrelated with their artifact primary keys and foreign keys. The transformation process is performed by XSLT. This paper will also demonstrate the entire conversion process through a detailed case study.
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Cai, Su Jin. "Research of Data Exchange Model among Information Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 608-609 (October 2014): 401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.608-609.401.

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Data exchange can make different information systems of enterprises realize data interaction. The objective establishing it is to keep information sharing and synchronization in enterprises, which can effectively use resources, improve the performance of the system and speeds up information circulation. Data exchange model is the core of realizing data exchange and it has a set of completed data storage and access mechanism. The paper verifies the mapping of relational schema and XML schema, the conversion of database and XML data, and XML document schema, and the paper constructs XSLT documents among different XML schemas, and explains and implements the algorithms of the conversion among different XML documents.
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Lima, Cláudio, and Ronaldo Santos Mello. "On proposing and evaluating a NoSQL document database logical approach." International Journal of Web Information Systems 12, no. 4 (November 7, 2016): 398–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwis-04-2016-0018.

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Purpose NoSQL databases do not require a default schema associated with the data. Even that, they are categorized by data models. A model associated with the data can promote better strategies for persistence and manipulation of data in the target database. Based on this motivation, the purpose of this paper is to present an approach for logical design of NoSQL document databases that consists a process that converts a conceptual modeling into efficient logical representations for a NoSQL document database. The authors also evaluate their approach and demonstrate that the generated NoSQL logical structures reduce the amount of data items accessed by queries. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents an approach for logical design of NoSQL document database schemas based on a conceptual schema. The authors generate compact and redundancy-free schemas and define appropriate representations in a NoSQL document logical model. The estimated volume of data and workload information can be considered to generate optimized NoSQL document structures. Findings This approach was evaluated through a case study with an experimental evaluation in the e-commerce application domain. The results demonstrate that the authors’ workload-based conversion process improves query performance on NoSQL documents by reducing the number of database accesses. Originality/value Unlike related work, the reported approach covers all typical conceptual constructs, details a conversion process between conceptual schemas and logical representations for NoSQL document database category and, additionally, considers the estimated database workload to perform optimizations in the logical structure. An experimental evaluation shows that the proposed approach is promising.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Document conversion"

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Bosisio, Riccardo. "Thermoelectric conversion in disordered nanowires." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066212/document.

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Cette thèse porte sur la conversion thermoélectrique de nanofils semi-conducteurs désordonnés en configuration de transistor à effet de champ.On considère d’abord le régime de transport élastique à basse température. En utilisant un modèle d'Anderson 1D, on dérive des expressions analytiques pour le coefficient Seebeck typique d’un nanofil en fonction de la tension de grille, et on montre que celui-ci augmente fortement en bord de bande. Ces résultats sont confirmés par un calcul numérique du Seebeck, basé sur un algorithme de fonctions de Green récursif.On considère ensuite le régime inélastique où les électrons, assistés par les phonons, sautent entre états localisés. En résolvant numériquement le réseau de résistances aléatoires de Miller-Abrahams, on montre que le coefficient Seebeck peut atteindre des valeurs très élevées au voisinage des bords de bande du nanofil. La théorie de percolation de Zvyagin étendue au cas unidimensionnel nous permet de décrire qualitativement nos résultats. Par ailleurs, les échanges de chaleur entre électrons et phonons en bord de bande entraînent la formation de points chauds et froids à la surface du substrat, qui pourraient être utilisés pour le refroidissement de circuits électroniques. Cet effet est étudié pour un ensemble de fils en parallèle. Le facteur de puissance et la figure de mérite de ces systèmes sont aussi estimés.Enfin, on étudie un système général à trois terminaux en réponse linéaire. On calcule les coefficients de transport locaux et non-locaux, et les figures de mérite généralisées, puis l'on discute à l'aide de deux exemples la possibilité d’améliorer la performance d’une machine thermique quantique générique
This thesis is focused on thermoelectric conversion in disordered semiconductor nanowires in the field effect transistor configuration. We first consider a low temperature regime, when electronic transport is elastic. For a 1D Anderson model, we derive analytical expressions describing the typical thermopower of a single nanowire as a function of the applied gate voltage, and we show that it is largely enhanced at the nanowire band edges. Our results are confirmed by numerical simulations based on a Recursive Green Function calculation of the thermopower. We then consider the case of inelastic transport, achieved by phonon-assisted hopping among localized states (Variable Range Hopping). By solving numerically the Miller Abrahams random resistor network, we show that the thermopower can attain huge values when the nanowire band edges are probed. A percolation theory by Zvyagin extended to nanowires allows to qualitatively describe our results. Also, the mechanism of heat exchange between electrons and phonons at the band edges lead to the generation of hot and cold spots near the boundaries of a substrate. This effect, of interest for cooling issues in microelectronics, is showed for a set of parallel nanowires, a scalable and hence promising system for practical applications. The power factor and figure of merit of the device are also estimated.Finally, we characterize a general three-terminal system within the linear response (Onsager) formalism: we derive local and non-local transport coefficients, as well as generalized figures of merit. The possibility of improving the performance of a generic quantum machine is discussed with the help of two simple examples
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Bouaziz, Hafedh. "La conversion des actes juridiques." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE3006/document.

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La thèse se propose d’abord de redéfinir la notion de conversion. L’analyse du droit positif montre que la définition classique de la conversion, comme l’opération qui consiste à tirer d’un acte nul un acte nouveau valable, peut s’élargir à un double point de vue. On ne s’était occupé que de la conversion des actes juridiques ; on a découvert qu’elle peut être étendue aux actes instrumentaires. Dans le même sens, on n’avait envisagé qu’une cause de la conversion, la nullité d’un acte ; on admet aujourd’hui qu’elle pouvait opérer à la suite d’une cause survenant a posteriori, à l’instar de la caducité, la prescription, la forclusion et la résolution. La conversion peut, dès lors, être définie comme la technique qui donne effet, par la volonté de la loi ou du juge, à un acte juridique, qui n’a pu se former, à cause d’un vice originaire, ou qui n’a pu survivre, en raison d’une cause survenant a posteriori, lorsque les éléments qui demeurent correspondent à la définition d’une figure juridique nouvelle, satisfaisant l’objectif économique poursuivi par les parties.La thèse se propose également de moderniser ou de rénover le régime de la conversion. La conversion modernisée exige l’intervention active du juge pour vérifier que les conditions de la conversion sont réunies, mais aussi et surtout pour se prononcer sur son opportunité. La conversion place de la sorte le juge au rang de véritable formateur ou de « faiseur» du contrat. Les analyses doctrinales qui présentent la conversion comme reposant sur une prétendue volonté virtuelle des parties sont artificielles. Il n’y a pas cependant lieu de diaboliser l’office du juge en prétendant que la conversion est un procédé exorbitant et autoritaire. Les inquiétudes que peut faire naître l’accroissement du rôle du juge dans la conversion s’apaisent dès lors que le juge est tenu de puiser les éléments de l’acte nouveau dans l’acte initial. Elles doivent encore être tempérées par la recherche constante d’un acte nouveau qui répond au but initialement voulu par les parties.L’ambition de cette thèse était donc double : la redéfinition de la notion de conversion, d’une part et la rénovation de son régime, d’autre part. Au regard de cette analyse renouvelée, la conversion est vouée à un avenir prospère en tant que technique tendant au sauvetage des actes juridiques
The thesis proposes to redefine the notion of conversion. The analysis of positive law shows that the classical definition of conversion, such as (like) the operation which consists in drawing from a null act a valid new act, may be extended from a double point of view. All that had been done was the conversion of legal acts; it has been discovered that it can be extended to instrumental acts. In the same sense, there had been contemplated only one cause of conversion, the nullity of an act; it is now accepted that it could operate as a result of a case arising a posteriori, like the lapse, the prescription, the foreclosure and the resolution. Conversion may, therefore, be defined as the technique which gives effect, by the will of the law or the judge, to a legal act which has not been formed because of an original defect or which Was able to survive because of a posteriori cause when the elements which remain correspond to the definition of a new legal figure satisfying the economic objective pursued by the parties.The thesis also proposes to modernize or renovate the regime of conversion. The modernized conversion requires the active intervention of the judge to verify that the conditions of the conversion are met, but also and especially to decide on its expediency. Conversion thus places the judge at the rank of true trainer or "maker" of the contract. The doctrinal analyzes which present conversion as based on an alleged virtual will of the parts are artificial. There is, however, no need to demonize the office of the judge by claiming that conversion is an exorbitant and authoritarian process. The anxiety which may arise from the increase of the role of the judge in conversion is appeased as soon as the judge is obliged to draw the elements of the new act into the original act. They have yet to be tempered by the constant search for a new act which responds to the original purpose of the parties.The ambition of this thesis was therefore twofold: the redefinition of the notion of conversion on the one hand and the regeneration of its regime on the other. In view of this renewed analysis, conversion is destined for a prosperous future as a technique for the rescue of legal acts
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Matsubara, Shigeki, Tomohiro Ohno, and Masashi Ito. "Text-Style Conversion of Speech Transcript into Web Document for Lecture Archive." Fuji Technology Press, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/15083.

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Li, Wan-Chiu. "Conversion automatique de maillages en surfaces splines." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPL078N/document.

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Afin de convertir un maillage triangulaire en une surface spline de CAGD/CAM, cette thèse adresse l’un des problèmes les plus cruciaux du processus de conversion : extraire un “bon” maillage de contrôle quadrilatéral de la surface. Ce que nous entendons par “bon” est que les arêtes du maillage de contrôle se croisent perpendiculairement et sont alignées avec les principales directions de la courbure de la surface. Ces deux propriétés du maillage de contrôle permettent de fournir une bonne approximation de la surface avec peu de points de contrôles. D’ailleurs, ils aident considérablement à réduire des oscillations non désirées sur la surface spline finale. Pour résoudre ce problème, nous proposons un nouvel algorithme automatique, appelé paramétrisation globale périodique. L’idée fondamentale de cet algorithme est de trouver une paramétrisation qui ait un “sens d’un point de vue géométrique”, pour ce faire, elle doit être guidée par la courbure de la surface, représentée par une paire de champs de direction orthogonaux. Les iso-lignes de cette paramétrisation sont ensuite extraites pour définir un maillage de contrôle qui ait les propriétés requises. Ce maillage de contrôle, nous permet de construire une approximation en surface T-spline de la surface triangulée initiale. Nous exposons plusieurs résultats de cette conversion d’un maillage triangulée en surface spline. Les résultats montrent que, grâce aux maillages de contrôle anisotropes, les surfaces spline finales ont beaucoup moins d’oscillations que celles construites par les méthodes précédentes qui ne tiennent pas compte de l’anisotropie de la surface
Aiming at converting a triangular mesh into a CAGD/CAM spline surface, this thesis focuses on one of the most crucial problems of the conversion process, i.e. extracting a “good” quadrilateral control mesh of the surface. What we mean by good is that the edges of the control mesh should be orthogonal and aligned with the principal directions of curvature of the surface. These two properties make the control mesh optimum in an approximation point of view, and greatly help to reduce unwanted oscillations on the final spline surface built from it. To solve this problem, we propose a new automatic algorithm, called periodic global parameterization. The basic idea is to find a “geometry-meaningful” parameterization guided by a pair of orthogonal anisotropic direction fields. Then, the iso-value lines of this parameterization will be extracted to define an initial control mesh, that satisfies the two criteria of a good control mesh. With the initial control mesh, we explain how to construct a T-spline approximation of the initial triangulated surface. We show several examples of the triangular mesh to T-spline conversion. The results show that thanks to the anisotropic control meshes, the final spline surfaces generated have much less oscillations as compared to results of previous methods, that do not take into account of the anisotropy
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Bernadet, Sophie. "Conversion photocatalytique du CO2 sur monolithes poreux." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0172/document.

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Dans le contexte actuel de développement de nouvelles sources d'énergie non fossiles tout en minimisant l'impact environnemental, la production de carburants solaires par la valorisation des émissions anthropiques de CO2 apparaît comme une solution à fort potentiel. Le principal défi dans les processus artificiels photo-induits concerne le caractère bidimensionnel des systèmes utilisés, en raison de la faible profondeur de pénétration des photons. Ce travail de thèse se concentre sur le développement de mousses solides alvéolaires, issues de la chimie intégrative, présentant une porosité hiérarchiquement organisée. A travers l’imprégnation de précurseurs de TiO2, des photocatalyseurs autosupportés ont été synthétisés et ont montré une augmentation de la pénétration des photons d’un ordre de grandeur. D’autre part, ces solides limitent les réactions inverses par un effet de dilution, tout en assurant une sélectivité élevée envers la génération d'alcanes. Un modèle cinétique, basé sur un formalisme mixte de Langmuir-Hinshelwood et Eley-Rideal, est proposé pour décrire le comportement des matériaux
In the current context of developing novel non-fossil energy sources while minimizing the environmental impact, solar-driven-fuel-production by exploiting anthropogenic CO2 emissions appears to be a solution with great potential. The main challenge in artificial photo-induced processes concerns the two-dimensional character of the systems used, due to the low photon penetration depth. This thesis work focuses on the development of alveolar solid foams, derived from integrative chemistry and bearing a hierarchically organized porosity. By TiO2 precursor impregnation, self-standing photocatalysts were synthesized and provided a photon penetration increase by an order of magnitude. Moreover, these solids limit back-reactions by a dilution effect, while ensuring high selectivity towards alkane generations. A kinetic model, based on a mixed formalism of Langmuir-Hinshelwood and Eley-Rideal, is proposed to describe material behavior
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Basta, Marek. "Low energy photovoltaic conversion in MIND structures." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAD019/document.

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Dispositifs photovoltaïques d'aujourd'hui convertissent l'énergie solaire en électricité de manière propre, renouvelable et inépuisable et représentent un remplacement possible pour les combustibles fossiles. Toutefois, afin de rivaliser avec les sources d'énergie classiques une augmentation significative de l'efficacité de conversion est inévitable. Dans ce travail, nous nous concentrons sur des aspects pouvant propulser le rendement de conversion au-dessus des limites de cellules présentes. La première partie de l'étude est consacrée à de nouvelles idées théoriques considérés comme le photovoltaïque de 3ème génération, alors que le plus d'intérêt est maintenu à étudier les avantages possibles de la multiplication d'électrons faible seuil. Dans la deuxième partie de l'étude, nous développons un modèle qui permet un traitement précis des propriétés optiques et de transport des structures de silicium avec des interfaces enterrées. Les analyses théoriques et expérimentales approfondies des structures existantes MIND sont ensuite effectuées. En étudiant le flux exacte et la distribution d'énergie à l'intérieur de plusieurs structures dans le cadre de leur géométrie, nous estimons les rendements quantiques possibles et les comparer avec les résultats expérimentaux. Grâce aux moyens de simulations numériques couplées avec caractérisation expérimentale, nous extrayons l'efficacité de la collecte de porteur de cellules étudiées. De nouveaux effets sont observés, une telle augmentation possible de l'efficacité de la collecte au-dessus de l'unité. Une analyse plus approfondie des résultats expérimentaux couplés avec l'étude numérique suit quelques explications classiques et non classiques de l'augmentation de l'efficacité de la collecte ou l'augmentation résultante de l'efficacité quantique. Avec la plupart des explications classiques exclu, nous concluons que l'explication la plus probable, mais non définitive de cet effet peut être interprété comme le résultat d'une multiplication des porteurs faible seuil
Photovoltaic devices of today convert solar energy into electricity in a clean, renewable and inexhaustible way and represent a possible replacement for the fossil fuels. However, in order to compete with classical energy sources a significant increase in the conversion efficiency is inevitable. In this work, we concentrate on the aspects able to raise the conversion efficiency above the limitations of present cells. The first part of the study is devoted to new theoretical ideas considered as 3rd generation photovoltaics, while the most interest is kept at studying the possible benefits of electron multiplication at low-energies. In the second part of the study, we develop a model that allows a precise treatment of optical and transport properties of silicon structures with buried interfaces. Extensive theoretical and experimental analyses of existing MIND structures are then conducted. By studying the exact flux and power distribution inside several structures in conjunction with their geometry, we estimate the possible quantum efficiencies and compare them with experimental results. Through the means of numerical simulations coupled with experimental characterization, we extract the carrier collection efficiency of studied cells. New effects are being observed, such a possible increase in collection efficiency above unity. A deeper analysis of the experimental results coupled with the numerical study analyzes several classical and non-classical explanations of the increase in collection efficiency or the resulting increase in the quantum efficiency. With most of the classical explanations ruled out, we conclude that the most probable, but not definitiveexplanation of this effect can be interpreted as the result of a low-energy carrier multiplication
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Michardière, Anne-Sophie. "Microélectrodes de nanotubes de carbone pour conversion d’énergie." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR14890/document.

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Ce travail de thèse présente une nouvelle classe de microélectrodes de fibres de nanotubes de carbone (NT). Celles-ci sont réalisées par un filage en voie humide autorisant l’inclusion d’additifs au sein des fibres afin d’adapter leur formulation. Ainsi, le développement d’électrodes incluant la bilirubine oxydase (BOD) pour biopile enzymatique a permis d’obtenir un haut courant de réduction à l’aide d’un transfert d’électrons direct entre BOD et NT. Egalement, des actionneurs électromécaniques incluant une faible quantité de PVA réticulé sont proposés. De telles fibres génèrent une grande contrainte et présentent un temps de réponse court lorsqu’une faible tension leur est appliquée. La mobilité des NT les uns par rapport aux autres au sein de celles-ci a été réduite. Cette dernière est présente dans tout actionneur en NT et génère du fluage et une relaxation de contrainte de ces matériaux limitant ainsi leurs performances. Ces travaux ouvrent de nombreuses voies pour de nouvelles microtechnologies de conversion d’énergie, notamment appliquées au médical ou dans la micro-robotique
This PhD work presents a new class of carbon nanotubes (NT) fibers microelectrodes. These fibers are produced by a wet spinning process which enables the inclusion of additives within the fibers in order to adapt their formulation. Thus, new microelectrodes for enzymatic biofuel cells that comprise bilirubin oxidase (BOD) have been realized in a one step process and enable a direct electron transfer process between the enzyme and NT at a high potential with a high reduction current. Furthermore, we also developed new NT microfibers including a small quantity of chemically crosslinked PVA for electrochemical actuators. They generate a large stress and a short response time when stimulated by a low voltage in an aqueous electrolyte. Moreover, the CNT mobility within these fibers is greatly reduced. The latter is present in any CNT actuator and induces creep and stress relaxation of these material prohibiting the possibility to obtain high actuating performances. The present results open routes towards the development of novel technologies for energy conversion potentially useful in micro-devices, biomedical applications and micro-robotics
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Sarrafin, ardebili Farshid. "Nouvelles structures de conversion multi-cellulaires à base des transistors GaN pour la conversion DC-DC : applications au conditionnement des énergies renouvelables." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAT019/document.

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Dans le but de gérer la consommation et ainsi que la production efficace des énergies renouvelables, l’utilisation et augmentation de l’efficacité des systèmes de conversion d’énergie est devenue indispensable. Dans ce contexte, les transistors en nitrure de gallium (GaN HFETs) pour une densité de puissance commutée très importante, offrent des nouvelles possibilités et ils tirent vers le haut la gestion efficace des énergies renouvelables. Toutefois, cette nouvelle possibilité passe par un pilotage efficace des composants et une encapsulation et des interconnexions optimales. Ces travaux de thèse étudient et analyse les avantages et inconvénients d'une nouvelle structure de conversion multi cellulaire et ceux d’un driver spécifique multivoies monolithique et synchronisé pour les composants GaN, appliqué dans ce contexte précis. Ce manuscrit de thèse est composé de quatre chapitres. Après une étude bibliographique, le positionnement du convertisseur DAB (Dual Active Bridge) parmi les autres structures de conversion DC à l’aide d’une nouvelle méthodologie de comparaison (FOM topologique – Figure de Mérite) est présenté dans le premier chapitre. Afin de diminuer les contraintes de conversion d’énergie, une étude est amenée dans le chapitre 2 sur les principaux défis et enjeux d’une solution générique à travers de réalisation d’un réseau de convertisseurs. Le chapitre 3 présente la partie importante d’expérimentation et d’optimisation de la cellule élémentaire à base de convertisseurs DAB des points de vue fonctionnels mais aussi et surtout structurels. L’étude de l’isolation galvanique de la structure de conversion DAB reste l'objectif principal à développer pour démontrer le potentiel de remplacer le transformateur par une isolation capacitive. La conception de la puce de commande dédiée aux nouveaux transistors GaNs, les résultats pratiques des performances sont présentés dans le dernier chapitre. Certaines comparaisons du driver QGD (Quad Gate Driver) avec les autres solutions de transfert d’ordres de commande sont également discutées. La mise en œuvre du circuit de commande dans un convertisseur DAB afin de valider le fonctionnement de QGD est introduite dans les perspectives
In order to improve the management and the production efficiency in renewable energy, power electronics systems have become important contributors. In this context, gallium nitride transistors (GaN HFETs) provide new opportunities for high power density, high switching speed and they pull up the effective management of renewable energies. However, this new opportunity requires effective gate drivers and optimal packaging and assembly. This thesis will introduce the general approach of a new architecture for multi cellular conversion and a monolithic multichannel and synchronized drive for GaN components, which are applicable in our specific context. This thesis is composed of four chapters. A bibliographic section is presented in first chapter. A new comparative methodology has been developed in this chapter in order to benchmark the DAB (Dual Active Bridge) converter with respect to other DC converters. In the second chapter, a generic solution (converter grid) has been explained in order to reduce the energy conversion constraints. Chapter 3 presents the important parts of the experimentation and the optimization of DAB converter. High frequency transformer replacing by capacitors is the main objective of this section. The design of the Quad Gate Driver (QGD) IC dedicated to GaNs transistors control in H bridge configuration and the results of their performances are presented in the last chapter. Some comparisons of this approach with other signal transfer solutions are also discussed. The implementation of the QGD in a full bridge transistor converter is introduced into the perspective section
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Wang, Yantao. "Synthesis and conversion of furfural-batch versus continuous flow." Thesis, Compiègne, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019COMP2474/document.

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Le furfural, identifié comme l'un des 30 principaux produits chimiques biologiques, est une molécule importante en terme de chimie verte et développement durable. L'objectif de ce travail de doctorat est de réaliser la synthèse et la conversion du furfural en flux continu et par lots. Ici, nous avons développé des méthodes plus éco-efficiente pour la synthèse du furfural, et valorisé le furfural en produits à haute valeur ajoutée, tels que le 2-furonitrile, l'alcool furfurylique, etc... Plusieurs questions clés ont été identifiées afin de concevoir des processus plus écologiques que les processus actuels. En détail, des expériences de synthèse du furfural ont été réalisées dans l'eau pure ou dans un mélange eau-solvants organiques lorsque des co-solvants (verts ou écologiques) sont nécessaires. L'irradiation par micro-ondes a été choisie comme méthode de chauffage pour accélérer le processus de déshydratation, et un réacteur à flux continu à micro-ondes a également été utilisé pour améliorer la productivité du furfural. En partant du furfural pour produire des produits chimiques à haute valeur ajoutée, des réacteurs à flux efficace, tels que Pheonix, H-cube Pro ainsi que des micro-ondes à flux continu avec micro-réacteur, ont également été identifiés comme des alternatives intéressantes pour améliorer la productivité des composés cibles. En conséquence, certains résultats prometteurs ont été obtenus du point de vue de l'industrie
Furfural, which has been identified as one of top 30 bio-based chemicals, is an important green platform molecule, The aim of this PhD work is to realize the synthesis and conversion of furfural in batch and continuous flow. Here, we developed sorne greener methods for furfural synthesis, and valorized furfural into high value-added products, such as 2-furonitrile, furfuryl alcohol etc. Several keys issues were identified in order to design processes greener than the current ones. ln detail, experiments for furfural synthesis were performed in water or in water and organic solvent when co-solvents (green or eco-friendly) are necessary. Microwave irradiation has been chosen as the heating method to accelerate the dehydration process, and microwave continuous flow reactor was also applied to improve furfural productivity. When starting from furfural to produce high value-added chemicals, efficient flow reactors, suc as Pheonix, H-cube Pro as well as microwave continuous flow With micro-reactor, were also identified as interesting alternatives to improve the productivities of target compounds. As a result, some promising results were obtained in the viewpoint of industry
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Canu, Antoine. "Conversion Analogique / Numérique versatile dans un environnement avionique contraint." Thesis, Supélec, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013SUPL0004/document.

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Les systèmes électroniques embarqués à bord des aéronefs rassemblent des informations sur l’environnement qui les entourent au moyen de différents types de capteurs. À l’heure actuelle, l’acquisition des signaux générés par ces capteurs se fait au moyen de circuits électroniques d’interfaçage dédiés à un type de capteur en particulier, ce qui limite les possibilités d’évolution des calculateurs de bord.Nos travaux visent à remplacer ces circuits d’interfaçage par une interface dite versatile, capable de faire l’acquisition de signaux issus de différents types de capteurs. L’environnement dans lequel les systèmes avioniques sont amenés à fonctionner est particulièrement difficile, notamment par la présence de modes communs parasites importants, supérieures à plusieurs dizaines de volts. Après une exploration détaillée de cet environnement, nous proposons une architecture d’interface versatile, basée sur un ASIC mixte et un FPGA. L’ASIC est chargé du conditionnement analogique des signaux et de leur conversion dans le domaine numérique, et peut-être configuré à plusieurs niveaux (gains, offsets, impédances...). Le FPGA comprend les différents traitements numériques nécessaires à l’extraction de l’information contenue dans les signaux. Nous proposons de plus une méthode mixte permettant de corriger les imprécisions analogiques, telles que les défauts d’appairage, souvent critiques dans l’acquisition de signaux différentiels. Un circuit de test a été réalisé dans une technologie CMOS High Voltage 0.35µm afin de valider les différents principes proposés dans nos travaux
Avionic embedded systems sense their environment through the use of various sensors. Currently, the electrical signals generated by these sensors are acquired by dedicated interface circuits, which limits the functionalities that can be implemented in the computer and slows down their evolution.Our work aims at replacing these interfacing circuits by a more flexible interface, called versatile interface, which has the ability to acquire different kind of signals. Avionic embedded systems usually operate in a pretty harsh environment, in which important common mode voltages of more than thirty volts can superimpose to useful signals. After a thorough exploration of this environment and its specifities, we propose an architecture of the versatile interface, based on a mixed signal ASIC and a FPGA. The ASIC includes a programmable analog signal conditioning stage which is able to withstand the high voltages present in the harsh avionic environment. The FPGA processes the different signals and extract the useful information from them. We also propose method which allows to correct the analog imprecisions due to mismatch or temperature drifts. This method uses analog and digital processing, and allow our versatile interface to be immune to process or temperature variations. A test circuit has been realized in a high voltage 0.35µm CMOS technology, in order to validate the different principles that we propose in this work
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Books on the topic "Document conversion"

1

Fruscione, James J. Outsourcing document conversion and indexing services. Silver Spring, MD: Association of Information and Image Management International, 1995.

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Romany, Nancy. Conversion & document formats: Backfile conversion and format issues for information stored in digital archives. Hamburg [Germany]: PROJECT CONSULT, 2002.

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Carl Young's Adobe Acrobat 6.0: Getting professional results from your PDFs. New York: McGraw-Hill/Osborne, 2004.

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Adobe Acrobat 3 for dummies. Foster City, CA: IDG Books Worldwide, 1997.

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Chow, Garrick. Adobe Acrobat 6 H.O.T.: Hands-on training. Indianapolis, IN: lynda.com/books, 2004.

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Alspach, Ted. Acrobat 3 for Macintosh and Windows. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press, 1997.

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Alspach, Ted. Acrobat 3 for Macintosh and Windows. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press, 1997.

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Acrobat 2.1: Your personal consultant. Emeryville, Calif: Ziff-Davis Press, 1995.

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Harrel, William. Adobe Acrobat 3 for dummies. Foster City, CA: IDG Books Worldwide, 1997.

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Systems, Adobe, ed. Adobe Acrobat 6 PDF bible. Indianapolis, IN: John Wiley, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Document conversion"

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Weik, Martin H. "document conversion processor." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 451. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_5481.

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Belaïd, A. "Future trends in retrospective document conversion." In Advances in Document Image Analysis, 111–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63791-5_8.

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Behera, Ranjit Kumar, and Biswajeet Padhi. "A Smart Document Converter: Conversion of Handwritten Text Document to Computerized Text Document." In Studies in Computational Intelligence, 153–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50641-4_9.

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Myka, Andreas, and Ulrich Güntzer. "Automatic hypertext conversion of paper document collections." In Digital Libraries Current Issues, 63–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0026851.

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Antonacopoulos, Apostolos, and Dimosthenis Karatzas. "A Complete Approach to the Conversion of Typewritten Historical Documents for Digital Archives." In Document Analysis Systems VI, 90–101. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-28640-0_9.

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Filip, W., J. Kämper, and W. Knobloch. "Conversion between the Open Document Architecture ODA and proprietary Architectures — A case study." In Kommunikation in verteilten Systemen, 53–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76462-2_5.

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Héroux, Pierre, Éric Trupin, and Yves Lecoutier. "Structural Classification for Retrospective Conversion of Documents." In Advances in Pattern Recognition, 154–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44522-6_16.

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Feyrer, Hubert. "Experiences in document conversions during the MeDoc project." In Digital Libraries in Computer Science: The MeDoc Approach, 187–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0052523.

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Chanod, Jean-Pierre, Boris Chidlovskii, Hervé Dejean, Olivier Fambon, Jérôme Fuselier, Thierry Jacquin, and Jean-Luc Meunier. "From Legacy Documents to XML: A Conversion Framework." In Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, 92–103. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11551362_9.

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Ko, Seung-Kyu, Myoung-Soo Kang, Won-Sung Sohn, Soon-Bum Lim, and Yoon-Chul Choy. "Conversion of eBook Documents Based on Mapping Relations." In Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, 32–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45747-x_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Document conversion"

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Déjean, Hervé, and Jean-Luc Meunier. "Logical document conversion." In the 2007 ACM symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1284420.1284456.

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Becker, Christoph. "Quality assurance in document conversion." In the 4th ACM workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2064058.2064061.

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Blostein, Dorothea, and George Nagy. "Asymptotic cost in document conversion." In IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging, edited by Christian Viard-Gaudin and Richard Zanibbi. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.912161.

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Piotrowski, Michael. "Document conversion for cultural heritage texts." In the 10th ACM symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1860559.1860608.

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Chidlovskii, Boris, and J�r�me Fuselier. "Supervised learning for the legacy document conversion." In the 2004 ACM symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1030397.1030439.

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Martinez-Alvarez, R. P., S. Costas-Rodriguez, F. J. Gonzalez-Castano, and F. Gil-Castineira. "Automated Document Conversion System for Simple Multimedia Platforms." In 2010 7th IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (CCNC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccnc.2010.5421807.

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Stalcup, Bruce W., Phillip W. Dennis, and Robert B. Dydyk. "Imaged Document Optical Correlation and Conversion System (IDOCCS)." In AeroSense '99, edited by David P. Casasent and Tien-Hsin Chao. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.341311.

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Downton, A. C. "Interactive archive card index conversion and verification." In IEE Colloquium on Document Image Processing and Multimedia. IEE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19990207.

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Keshari, B., and S. Watt. "Streaming-Archival InkML Conversion." In Ninth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007) Vol 2. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2007.4377116.

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Marinai, Simone, Emanuele Marino, and Giovanni Soda. "Conversion of PDF Books in ePub Format." In 2011 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2011.102.

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Reports on the topic "Document conversion"

1

Diamond D. J., Baek J., A. L. Hanson, L.-Y. Cheng, N. Brown, and A. Cuadra. Planning Document for an NBSR Conversion Safety Analysis Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1109466.

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Aigner, R. D. Systems Requirement Document for the MSRE U-233 Conversion System. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/777697.

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Branson, Roger, and Steve McCarter. Software Design Document for the AirNET Aeromodel and Weapons Model Conversion. Volume 1. Version 0.0,. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada280726.

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García-Mantilla, Daniel. PLAC Network Best Practices Series: Target-Income Design of Incentives, Benchmark Portfolios and Performance Metrics for Pension Funds. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003599.

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In defined contribution systems, at the end of the accumulation phase the assets in the retirement account are exchanged for a pension. The conversion rate from assets to retirement income (which depends on the level of interest rates) is very volatile, and its variations constitute the main investment risk facing pension fund affiliates. In this sense, performance metrics, management fees and benchmark portfolios that focus on assets (and asset returns) and ignore the variations in the conversion rate, embed several problems: i. they send wrong signals to regulators, fund managers and workers, ii. they provide wrong incentives to pension fund management companies, and iii. they leave pension fund affiliates exposed to their largest risk factor, even during the last few years preceding their retirement date. We find that regulatory incentives with these fundamental problems are ubiquitous in the region. The document presents a series of best practices, and delivers a practical set of tools to assist regulators and supervisors in designing a framework that improves security and sufficiency of retirement income, and provides relevant and timely information to pension fund affiliates. The framework achieves that by fostering an integration of the accumulation and the payout phases, and an alignment of the regulatory incentives for pension fund management companies with the retirement income objectives of pension fund affiliates. Using historical data from Colombia as a case study, the document illustrates and quantifies the improvements in terms of pension benefits and retirement income security that the proposed framework could bring.
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Verburg, Peter H., Žiga Malek, Sean P. Goodwin, and Cecilia Zagaria. The Integrated Economic-Environmental Modeling (IEEM) Platform: IEEM Platform Technical Guides: User Guide for the IEEM-enhanced Land Use Land Cover Change Model Dyna-CLUE. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003625.

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The Conversion of Land Use and its Effects modeling framework (CLUE) was developed to simulate land use change using empirically quantified relations between land use and its driving factors in combination with dynamic modeling of competition between land use types. Being one of the most widely used spatial land use models, CLUE has been applied all over the world on different scales. In this document, we demonstrate how the model can be used to develop a multi-regional application. This means, that instead of developing numerous individual models, the user only prepares one CLUE model application, which then allocates land use change across different regions. This facilitates integration with the Integrated Economic-Environmental Modeling (IEEM) Platform for subnational assessments and increases the efficiency of the IEEM and Ecosystem Services Modeling (IEEMESM) workflow. Multi-regional modelling is particularly useful in larger and diverse countries, where we can expect different spatial distributions in land use changes in different regions: regions of different levels of achieved socio-economic development, regions with different topographies (flat vs. mountainous), or different climatic regions (dry vs humid) within a same country. Accounting for such regional differences also facilitates developing ecosystem services models that consider region specific biophysical characteristics. This manual, and the data that is provided with it, demonstrates multi-regional land use change modeling using the country of Colombia as an example. The user will learn how to prepare the data for the model application, and how the multi-regional run differs from a single-region simulation.
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Lubkovych, Igor. METHODS OF JOURNALISTIC COMMUNICATION. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11096.

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Journalistic communication is professional, its purpose is to obtain information and share it withthe audience. A journalist communicates when he intends to receive information directly from the interlocutor, from documents that the interlocutor has, or by observing the behavior of the interlocutor during the conversation. The most common method is communication in order to obtain verbal information. In the course of communication, a journalist succeeds when he adheres to politeness, clarity, brevity. It is important that the conditions of communication must be prepared or created: a place of communication, participants of communication, demonstration of listening skills, feedback. You should always try to get documentary evidence of what you have heard. An active reaction to what is heard by the journalist should be used to find out how much the interlocutor understands what is being said. At the beginning of the conversation, when the interlocutor expresses his attitude to the event or problem in question, it should not be interrupted. A journalist, like most people, often makes two mistakes when communicating: perceives as truth what is presented and attributes characteristics. Attribution of the characteristic as a psychological error is known since the beginning of the last century. And the perception of everything as the truth has long been inherent in our society.
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1992 Conversion Resources Supply Document. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10143285.

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1992 Conversion Resources Supply Document. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5421370.

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