Academic literature on the topic 'Documentary hypothesis (Pentateuchal criticism)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Documentary hypothesis (Pentateuchal criticism)"
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Фридман, Иосиф Александрович. "Criticism of the Documentary Hypothesis of the Origin of the Pentateuch from Umberto Cassuto. Part 2." Theological Herald, no. 4(43) (December 21, 2021): 18–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31802/gb.2021.43.4.001.
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Настоящая статья по своей тематике и ракурсу рассмотрения является прямым продолжением статьи И. А. Фридмана, опубликованной в № 4 (35) «Богословского Вестника» за 2019 г. Если в предшествующей статье внимание автора было сосредоточено на критике, которой Умберто Кассуто подверг первый из выделенных им самим «столпов» документальной гипотезы, а именно «алгоритм» употребления в тексте Пятикнижия различных Божественных имён, то в настоящей статье в фокусе внимания оказывается критика четырёх остальных «столпов», а именно - вариаций языка и стиля Пятикнижия, содержательных внутренних противоречий в тексте Торы, повторов сюжетных линий и следов сложной структуры в секциях библейского текста. В заключительной части статьи автор уделяет внимание влиянию идей У. Кассуто как библеиста на мировую библеистику второй пол. ХХ - нач. XXI в. The present article, in its subject matter and in the way of dealing with the subject, constitutes a direct continuation of the article by I. Fridman bearing the same title which was published in the «Theological Herald» of Moscow Theological Academy, № 4 (35) (2019). In this preceding article the author’s attention was concentrated on the criticism to which U. Cassuto subjected the first of the «pillars» of the Documentary Hypothesis (singled out by himself), to wit - the peculiarities of using the Divine names in the text of the Pentateuch. In the present article the author’s attention is focused on investigating the four remaining «pillars» of the hypothesis, namely - the variations of language and style within the Pentateuch, the contradictions and divergences of view, the duplications and repetitions as well as the traces of composite structure in some of the sections of the Torah. In the concluding part of the article the author draws the reader’s attention to the influence exercised by Cassuto’s ideas upon the Bible studies worldwide in the second half of the 20 as well as the beginning of the 21 centuries.
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Holmes, Andrew R. "Biblical Authority and the Impact of Higher Criticism in Irish Presbyterianism, ca. 1850–1930." Church History 75, no. 2 (June 2006): 343–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640700111345.
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The decades between 1850 and 1930 saw traditional understandings of Christianity subjected to rigorous social, intellectual, and theological criticism across the transatlantic world. Unprecedented urban and industrial expansion drew attention to the shortcomings of established models of church organization while traditional Christian beliefs concerning human origins and the authority of Scripture were assailed by new approaches to science and biblical higher criticism. In contradistinction to lower or textual criticism, higher criticism dealt with the development of the biblical text in broad terms. According to James Strahan, professor of Hebrew at Magee College, Derry, from 1915 to 1926, textual criticism aimed “at ascertaining the genuine text and meaning of an author” while higher “or historical, criticism seeks to answer a series of questions affecting the composition, editing and collection of the Sacred Books.” During the nineteenth century, the controversy over the use of higher critical methods focused for the most part upon the Old Testament. In particular, critics dismissed the Mosaic authorship and unity of the Pentateuch, arguing that it was the compilation of a number of early documentary fragments brought together by priests after the Babylonian Exile in the sixth century B.C. This “documentary hypothesis” is most often associated with the German scholar, Julius Wellhausen. Indeed, higher criticism had been fostered in the extensive university system of the various German states, which encouraged original research and the emergence of a professional intellectual elite. It reflected the desire of liberal theologians to adapt the Christian faith to the needs and values of modern culture, particularly natural science and history.
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Фридман, Иосиф Александрович. "Umberto Cassuto as a Critic of the Documentary Hypothesis of the Origin of the Pentateuch." Theological Herald, no. 4(35) (December 25, 2019): 17–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31802/2500-1450-2019-35-17-37.
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Статья посвящена творческому наследию выдающегося итальянско-еврейского учёного, историка и библеиста Умберто Кассуто (1883-1951). Его основной вклад в науку о Священном Писании - развёрнутая критика документальной гипотезы происхождения Пятикнижия. Основная часть данной статьи представляет собой изложение воззрений Кассуто на первый из «столпов» документальной гипотезы - употребление в тексте Торы Божественных имён. Автор надеется показать, что, используя строго научные методы, Кассуто даёт вполне правдоподобные альтернативные объяснения тем феноменам, на исключительную правоту собственного объяснения которых с момента возникновения претендует документальная гипотеза. Вместо того чтобы опровергать частные аспекты названной теории, Кассуто, последовательно выступая против самого принципа деления текста Пятикнижия на первоначально независимые друг от друга «источники», фактически предложил в библеистике новую научную парадигму, потенциально претендующую на всеохватность и полную замену документальной гипотезы. В последующей статье на эту же тему автор намеревается продемонстрировать подход У. Кассуто ко второму, третьему, четвёртому и пятому «столпам» документальной гипотезы, а также остановить внимание на рецепции идей Кассуто в мире библеистики. The present article is devoted to the scientific heritage left by a major Jewish academician of Italian descent, historian and biblical scholar Umberto Cassuto (1883-1951). His main contribution to this field consists in large-scale criticism of the Documentary Hypothesis of the origin of the Pentateuch. In the main part of our article the author presents an outline of Cassuto’s views on the first of the five «pillars» onwhich the Documentary Hypothesis rests. The author endeavors to demonstrate that, using strictly scientific argumentation, Cassuto gives quite plausible alternative explanations to such phenomena as the Documentary Hypothesis claims its unique right to explain correctly. Instead of attacking and refuting any particular aspects of the hypothesis, Cassutoconsistently argues against the very principle according to which the Torah is divided among a number of «source texts» perceived to have once been independent of one another. As a matter of fact, U. Cassuto has presented a new scholarly paradigm with a potential that would suffice to make it a full-fledged substitution of the Documentary Hypothesis. In a second article on this topic the author intends to demonstrate Cassuto’s approach to the other four «pillars» of the Documentary Hypothesis as well as to devote special attention to the response that Cassuto’s ideas met in the world of Bible studies.
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Riecker, Siegbert. "Paradigmenwechsel ‐ welches Paradigma? : Die Pentateuchkrise als Krise der Literarkritik." European Journal of Theology 29, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 123–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/ejt2020.2.003.riec.
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Summary It would be too simple to attribute the current crisis in research on the Pentateuch to the demise of the Wellhausen paradigm (the documentary hypothesis) and the resulting diversity of methods. Rather, these are merely symptoms of a fundamental crisis in the source critical paradigm as a whole. The difficulties with the nature of sources, their literary scope and the criteria for their division are only part of the wider problem. The introduction of non-verifiable ‘redactors’ and ‘Fortschreibung’ (updating) to cope with anomalies of a hypothesis seems methodologically just as questionable as the reconstruction of the social-historical background of individual literary strata (‘pseudo historicism’). The increasingly complex diachronic overall models are lacking plausibility and credibility, especially since the reconstruction of several stages in the development of the text is practically impossible from an empirical perspective. The alternative to the classic paradigm of source criticism is a literary paradigm that returns to the starting point of the testimony of the biblical texts themselves. Of course, literary tensions and sources must not be ignored. However, systems of interpretation to explain inconsistencies should not be based on methods developed in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries but on the ancient literary conventions of the Bible and its environment.
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Whiting, Simeon. "Julius Wellhausen goes to Copenhagen: Towards a more progressive commentary on Exodus." Expository Times 131, no. 5 (October 28, 2019): 183–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0014524619886531.
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This article explores how commentaries on Exodus have engaged with the documentary hypothesis and alternative theories of pentateuchal composition. Despite new and compelling theories as to how and when the Pentateuch was composed arising over the last thirty years, commentators on Exodus have shown very limited engagement with these ideas. Resulting from this, both conservative and revisionist positions are becoming ever-more entrenched, commentaries are imposing unnecessary and detrimental limits on themselves and confessing readers of commentaries are being sold short. Following an outline of the most prominent theories of pentateuchal composition, three recent commentaries on Exodus are examined, in terms of their engagement with Wellhausen’s theory and selected alternatives. I next focus on three particular effects of commentaries’ limited engagement with revisionist scholarship, before suggesting a new way forward for an Exodus commentary.
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Schmidt, Ludwig. "Im Dickicht der Pentateuchforschung: Ein Plädoyer für die umstrittene Neuere Urkundenhypothese." Vetus Testamentum 60, no. 3 (2010): 400–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853310x499006.
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AbstractRecent research has mostly argued against the traditional claim that the Pentateuch contains the documents of the Yahwist, the Elohist and the priestly writer (the new documentary hypothesis). After a survey of recent theories (I) the essay argues for the validity of this hypothesis (II). The priestly document is an own source and ends with the death of Moses (Dtn 34:1a*, 7-9). Furthermore it is demonstrated that there existed a yahwistic pre-priestly narrative structure from Gen 12 to Num 24 which originated in the time of Solomon. Against recent theories the Patriarchs were first literarily connected with the exodus by this Yahwist, and not by an exilic Yahwist or by P. The existence of the Elohist from the northern kingdom around 760 is proven by various arguments. Finally, the essay ends with remarks on the redactions of the (exilic) Jehowist and the pentateuchal redactor.
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Лаврентьев, Андрей Валентинович. "Criticism of Document Hypothesis and the Problem of Pentateuch’s Origin in Rolf Randtorff's Theoretical Developments." Библия и христианская древность, no. 4(8) (December 25, 2020): 118–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31802/bca.2020.8.4.006.
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В статье2 проблематизируется круг вопросов, затрагивающий область исагогического изучения текстов Пятикнижия, а именно вопросы возникновения и формирования корпуса книг Торы. В этой связи обсуждается ряд исследовательских методов и теорий, разработанных в пределах западноевропейской библейской критической науки. Среди указанных подходов внимание уделяется Документальной гипотезе, критике форм и критике преданий. Предлагается экспликация и анализ критики Документальной гипотезы, осуществлённой немецким библеистом Рольфом Рендторффом в 70-е годы XX в. Обозначаются и обсуждаются альтернативные взгляды на происхождение и формирование Пятикнижия, предложенные Р. Рендторффом, а также те практические разработки учёного, которые наглядно демонстрируют характер его методологии. В статье предлагается попытка обсуждения и осмысления теоретических и практических положений трудов Рендторффа (а вместе с ними и интенций всей западной библейской критической науки) с конфессиональной (православной) позиции. This paper focuses on the range of issues which affect isagogical study of the Pentateuchal texts namely the issues of origin and formation of Torah corpus. In this regard we discuss a range of investigative methods and theories developed within the western biblical criticism among which Documental Hypothesis, form and tradition criticism have assumed a special significance in the past century. The present study explicates and analyzes the Documental Hypothesis’ criticism carried out by german Old Testament scholar Rolf Rendtorff in the 1970s. Alternative views on the origin and formation of the Pentateuch proposed by Randtorff, as well as those practical developments of the scientist, which clearly demonstrate the nature of his methodology, are identified and discussed. The article suggests an attempt to discuss and comprehend the theoretical and practical points of Randtorff’s works - and together with them the intentions of all Western biblical critical science - from the orthodox position.
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Smajić, Muamera, and Ahmed Isanović. "Literary Critical Understanding of Šantić’s “Mythical” Fame With a Contribution to the Review of the Archive Collection of Aleksa Šantić in the National and University Library of Bosnia and Herzegovina." BOSNIACA, no. 28 (December 10, 2023): 79–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37083/bosn.2023.28.79.
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The paper consists of two, methodological and analytical, separate parts, which share the character and work of Aleksa Šantić. The first part tries, through an overview of critical valorisation, to literary critically understand the entire poetic creation of Aleksa Šantić, posing the fundamental research question of why Šantić is considered a great poet, even though his poetry, taken as a whole, viewed from an aesthetic perspective, cannot be qualified as “great”. Above all, based on the insight of criticism into the consideration of the aesthetic value of Šantić’s poetry and the conclusions derived from the comparison of already existing and own reflections, the above question is answered with the hypothesis that Šantić’s “mythical” greatness is the result of the “ordinariness” of his poetry and the ability to give that “ordinariness” a sublime sense of the “topos” of spiritual preoccupation, on the semantic level, and on the syntactic level, expressed in a simple style and phrases close to the cognitive needs of the peoples’ consciousness.
The second part of the paper presents a documentary-historical and archival-library contribution to the research of the character and works of Aleksa Šantić, and appears as a separate review of the legacy of manuscript material kept by the National and University Library of Bosnia and Herzegovina within the Department of Special Collections. The legacy consists of letters, correspondence, photographs, letter cards, and postcards. These biographical and historical documents serve as a source for a factual introduction to a part of Šantić’s life and activities.
The work is the result of research conducted on the basis of the project “Unification of materials on the cultural and historical heritage of Aleksa Šantić” financed by the Federal Ministry of Education and Science.
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Van Seters, John. "Deuteronomy between Pentateuch and the Deuteronomistic history." HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies 59, no. 3 (November 2, 2003). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/hts.v59i3.681.
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The problem of how Deuteronomy relates to the Pentateuch and to the book of Joshua came to the fore with Noth’s thesis of a Deuteronomistic History, which was in conflict with the earlier support for a Hexateuch in the Documentary Hypothesis. With the current decline of the Documentary Hypothesis, one approach is to give greater emphasis to Pentateuchal and Hexateuchal redactors, often in place of the J and P sources, which either use Deuteronomy to conclude the Pentateuch or to build a bridge to the Deuteronomistic History. An alternative view, expressed in this paper, rejects the notion of such redactors and sees J and P as later than, and supplementary to, the Deuteronomistic History. To support this view, the article will examine Eckart Otto’s Pentateuchal redactor in Deuteronomy 4, at parallel texts in Numbers and Deuteronomy, and at Pentateuchal and Hexateuchal redactors in Deuteronomy 34 and Joshua 24.
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Boyd, Samuel L. "Applied Ritual: The Application of Blood and Oil on Bodies in the Pentateuchal Sources." Biblical Interpretation, October 9, 2020, 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685152-00284p06.
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Source critical analyses of the Pentateuch in recent scholarship have focused primarily on literary means for detecting distinct literary voices, and, in some recent publications, historical aspects of, particularly, the P source. In this article, I formulate a distinct approach to source criticism that supports this resurgence of documentary analysis, examining in particular the ritual of blood and oil daubing on bodies in Exod. 19–24, Lev. 8 and 14. After summarizing the main point at issue (namely, access to the divine), I offer a documentary approach using ritual theory in the study of these texts. Finally, I highlight the manner in which the ritual study of Exod.19–24, Lev. 8 and 14 is consistent with both key historical and recent arguments in the documentary approach to the composition of the Pentateuch.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Documentary hypothesis (Pentateuchal criticism)"
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Beer, Leilani. "The role of the priests in Israelite identity formation in the exilic/post-exilic period with special reference to Leviticus 19:1-19a." Thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27842.
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Bibliography: leaves 289-298Source-criticism of the Pentateuch suggests that the priests (Source P) alone authored the Holiness Code – the premise being that Source P forms one religious, literate and elite group of several. Through the endeavor to redefine Israelite identity during the Neo-Babylonian Empire of 626–539 BCE and the Achaemenid Persian Empire of 550–330 BCE, various ideologies of Israelite identity were produced by various religious, literate and elite groups. Possibly, the Holiness Code functions as the compromise reached between two such groups, these being: the Shaphanites, and the Zadokites. Moreover, the Holiness Code functions as the basis for the agreed identity of Israel as seen by the Shaphanites and the Zadokites. Specifically, in Leviticus 19:1-19a – as being the Levitical decalogue of the Holiness Code, and which forms the emphasis of this thesis – both Shaphanite and Zadokite ideologies are expressed therein. The Shaphanite ideology is expressed through the Mosaic tradition: i.e., through the Law; and the Zadokite ideology is expressed through the Aaronide tradition: i.e., through the Cult. In the debate between the supremacy of the Law, or the Cult – i.e., Moses or Aaron – the ancient Near Eastern convention of the ‘rivalry between brothers’ is masterfully negotiated in Leviticus 19:1-19a.
Old Testament and Ancient Near Eastern Studies
D. Phil. (Old Testament)
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Oosthuizen, Neil T. "Babel, babble, and Babylon : reading Genesis 11:1-9 as myth." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1126.
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The story of the Tower of Babel (Gen 11: 1-9) has been interpreted in various ways down through the centuries. However, most commentators have ignored the genre of the text, and have not sought to interpret it within its mythological framework - therefore most interpretations are nothing short of babble. A working text is ascertained, and the complexity of the text investigated. The text is then identified as 'myth': within its mythological framework the tower is seen as a temple linking heaven and earth, ensuring the continuation of the royal dynasty (i e 'making a name'). When used by the Yahwist Levites during the Babylonian Exile, our story was inserted in the great Pre-History as polemic against the Babylonian concept of creation, temple, and dynasty; and served
as both a warning and an encouragement to the Exiles. The post-exilic Priestly Writer re-interpreted our story as a warning to the returning exiles that their society, and their temple, should be reconstructed as YHWH determines.
Interpreting the story as myth enables it, finally, to speak clearly into our context today, especially that of South Africa.Biblical and Ancient Studies
D. Th. (Old Testament)
Books on the topic "Documentary hypothesis (Pentateuchal criticism)"
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T, Hague Stephen, and Newman Robert C. 1941-, eds. JEDP: Lectures on the higher criticism of the Pentateuch. Hatfield, Pa: Interdisciplinary Biblical Research Institute, 1994.
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Rav-Noy, Eyal. Who really wrote the Bible?: And why it should be taken seriously again. [Minneapolis, Minn.]: Richard Vigilante Books, 2010.
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Paĭkov, Valeriĭ. Za obeshchannoĭ zemleĭ: Po stranit︠s︡am Pi︠a︡tiknizhii︠a︡ Moisei︠a︡. Moskva: Monogramma, 2008.
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-1922, McClure Edmund, ed. The name of God in the Pentateuch: A study, introductory and explanatory, of Exodus VI., vv. 1 et seq. London: S.P.C.K., 1989.
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Brisman, Leslie. The voice of Jacob: On the composition of Genesis. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1990.
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Thompson, Thomas L. The Origin tradition of Ancient Israel. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1987.
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Thompson, Thomas L. The origin tradition of ancient Israel: I. The literary formation of Genesis and Exodus 1-23. Sheffield, Eng: JSOT PRess, 1987.
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Nicholson, Ernest W. The Pentateuch in the twentieth century: The legacy of Julius Wellhausen. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998.
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Schley, Donald G. Shiloh: A biblical city in tradition and history. Sheffield, England: JSOT Press, 1989.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Documentary hypothesis (Pentateuchal criticism)"
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Weitzman, Steven. "Histories Natural and Unnatural." In The Origin of the Jews. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691174600.003.0004.
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This chapter examines nineteenth-century developmental theories that explain the origin of the Jews, including the Documentary Hypothesis formulated by biblical scholar Julius Wellhausen (1844–1918). It considers Wellhausen's use of source criticism to demonstrate the developmental process that transformed the Israelites into the Jews, resulting in a kind of evolutionary account of Jewish origins that spanned several hundred years. It also situates Wellhausen's theory within later developmental theories, such as Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, to better understand what exactly he was arguing about the origin of the Jews. Finally, it discusses Wellhausen's claim that Judaism began in the postexilic/Persian period.