Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Documentary papyri'

This thesis presents an edition of eighteen previously unedited texts from the papyri excavated at Oxyrhynchus by Grenfell and Hunt. All are documentary and range in date from AD 55 to 387. The subject matter of these documents covers a range of activities which ostensibly reflect the day-to-day business of town and country, but on closer inspection give a deeper insight into broader topics concerning Roman and Byzantine Egypt. Although the documents seem diverse, the theme which links them is that which Lewis called “the silent majority, the men, women and children in the middle and bottom strata of society in their daily lives.” It reveals that which constitutes ‘the ordinary’ in this society and the everyday challenges faced by them: people find themselves in financial difficulty and take out a loan (001 and 013, both eranos loan contracts, a rarely attested type); a male and a female slave are sold to yet another master (002 and 012); an abandoned child is given a reprieve (007); two slaves are emancipated (003 and 006, the latter being the only Greek example of the payment of tax on a manumissio inter amicos); farmers hope for a good inundation (004 and 009); and ship-owners and skippers receive and transport tax grain along the Nile (010 and 014-018). All the documents present philological and prosopographical information which is new or can serve to consolidate or amend previous theories. The thesis contains a number of appendices which amend or update currently available information on a number of topics (e.g. Appendix III, Alexandrian Phyle-Deme pairings) and highlight some new thoughts on previously held opinions (e.g. Appendix VIII, Neo-natal Exposition in Roman Egypt).

The purpose of this thesis is to publish and so make available for scholars and others interested in Roman and Byzantine Egypt 32 documentary papyri, dated from 107 AD to the early 7th century, which are part of the Oxyrhynchus collection belonging to the Egypt Exploration Society. The papyri cover a range of subjects. The summonses (03 to 09) and declarations of uninundated or artificially irrigated land (010 to 014) are documents of which many examples have already been published; they confirm, clarify and expand information gleaned from other documents. Contracts between private individuals for irrigation works (01) and leasing a workshop and mill (02) are more unusual, as is the agreement under which town councillors share out their liturgical duties (017). A letter concerning the corn dole (015) and a complete list of Oxyrhynchite praepositi pagorum (016) also relate to Oxyrhynchite administration. Three circus programmes (018 to 020) double the number of such documents known and include a number of words not previously attested in papyri. The last twelve papyri relate to aspects of administration and life on the large estates of Byzantine Egypt, mainly those of the well-attested Apion family; they include contracts of employment of a door-keeper and a rent-collector (021 and 022) and documents relating to the collection of rents (023 and 024) and payment for wine (025). 026 to 031 concern monasteries, two of which, Abba Petros and Abba Castor, are previously unattested; the latter is also listed as a payer in 032. All contribute to the picture of social and economic conditions in Roman and Byzantine Egypt built up by previous scholarship. The conventions used are those required for publication in the P. Oxy. series, although the commentaries which follow are much more detailed than is usual in such volumes.

This doctoral thesis is an editio princeps with transcriptions, translations and commentaries of twenty-two previously unedited papyrus Greek texts from Oxyrhynchus in Middle Egypt, all edited or assigned to the Roman Period, namely from the first century B. C. to the fourth A. D. It offers a balanced mixture of assorted Literary, Subliterary texts and Documents. Specifically, on the literary side, Homer and Demosthenes, the most popular authors in Egypt, are represented with one and five pieces respectively. All these texts are interesting with respect to the textual tradition of these particular authors. The rest of the literary and subliterary pieces are `new texts', including Scholia Minora to Iliad 1, Commentary on Odyssey 3, a fragment of the lost author Dictys Cretensis, historical and oratorical prose, and two very short fragments. An eclectic collection of nine documents is edited in the second part of the thesis: five official, namely two declarations of sheep and a census-return of early date, a petition and an order to summons, and four private documents, that is an acknowledgement of indebtedness, a sale of land, and two letters. All these documents are of interest, since they provide information regarding economy, admimistration, legal system, prosopography, literacy, language and other aspects of a hellenised provincial society under Roman rule.

This thesis presents twenty-one unpublished Greek literary and documentary texts from Oxyrhynchus kept in the Sackler Library, Oxford. Each papyrus is identified, transcribed, and edited with a detailed introduction and notes largely in accordance with the conventions and format of presentation of The Oxyrhynchus Papyri (London 1898–). The literary texts are diverse in content. The item of especial interest is a new fragment from Sophocles’ Tereus, which joins a quotation from Stobaeus’ Anthologium. It provides new information on the play’s dramatis personae and the long vexed question of where the quotation is to be located in the play. Another new text is the remains of an unknown hexameter poem on a mythical subject which refers to the Lapiths and Centaurs. From the known texts, a minute fragment of Polybius’ Historiae, a fragment Plutarch’s Alexander and two fragments of Plato’s Philebus stand out due to the rarity of these texts. The documentary texts illustrate a variety of matters tending on social, economic, fiscal, and legal aspects of life in Roman and late antique Oxyrhynchus. Of the texts from the Roman period, a text dealing with the execution of a testamentary bequest and another text concerning a summons to the prefect’s conventus are notable for the information which they provide on the functioning of testamentary bequests and the practice of litigation respectively. Of the four texts from the Byzantine period, an Oxyrhynchite lease of land is of special importance due to the comparative rarity of documents of this kind from Oxyrhynchus and because it exhibits a number of points of interest, not least that the lessee is a colonus adscripticius. A ‘sale on delivery of wine’ also involves a colonus adscripticius. The other document of special interest is a large private letter which concerns various matters of business from a man who claims to be in a precarious situation.

This thesis documents and analyses the contribution of the Roman and Byzantine documentary papyri (c. 31 BCE to c. 735 CE) to our understanding of complementation in Koine Greek. It focuses on the use of participles and infinitives with verbs of perception and cognition and with verbs of declaration. It is based on an examination of approximately 9500 documents. The approach is sociolinguistic. Previous studies of the Koine have shown the increased use of finite clauses and the retreat, but not extinction, of the complementary participle and infinitive. The participle, infinitive, and finite clause were available as options. The choice between them is examined from three angles: the registers, the varieties, and text types in which they are found. The questions addressed may be summarised under two headings. First, at what levels and in what varieties of the language were the complementary participle and the infinitive retained? What limitations on their use can be identified? Second, was it the complementary participle or the infinitive that survived more strongly in those levels of the language in the Roman and early Byzantine periods? What caused the difference, if there was one? The thesis is divided into three parts. The first examines the complementation of verbs of perception. The focus here is the high degree of retention of the complementary participle across the range of text types and levels of the language. The second is a treatment of the verbs of declaration. It concentrates on what the largely formulaic use of infinitival complements shows about the infinitive in relation to finite clauses. The third studies the complementation of personal and impersonal verbs of declaration and confirms that the infinitive was retained relatively weakly as a complement in the language of the papyri.

El diaconat és una institució abundosament representada en el corpus de la papirologia documental que, tanmateix, no havia estat fins ara objecte d’un estudi específic. Els documents que ens han pervingut, procedents bàsicament d’Egipte, ens permeten tenir una visió de l’evolució del lema διακi de la institució del diaconat durant més d’un mil∙leni. En primer lloc, ens il∙lustren sobre l’ús quotidià del mot διάκονος i les corresponents formes verbals i variants en el context del grec precristià o no cristià. Una de les constatacions més evidents és que, si literàriament convivien des del segle I un ús general i un tecnicisme cristià utilitzat per indicar un grau de la jerarquia eclesiàstica, a partir del segle IV i de la cristianització de l’Imperi Romà l’ús cristià esdevé hegemònic i bandeja, en els textos documentals, qualsevol altra utilització del mot. Esment a part mereix el seu ús en els papirs màgics, on la seva utilització està marcada pel caràcter fortament transgressor d’aquestes pràctiques. Pel que fa al diaconat cristià, el corpus documental ens ofereix un gruix important de textos que comencen el segle IV, amb algun cas anterior discutit, i s’incrementen de manera important en el període següent. A través d’aquests documents podem reconstruir en part aspectes relatius a la pràctica de l’ordenació diaconal i la seva evolució al llarg del temps, així com de la participació dels diaques en la vida litúrgica de l’Església. Igualment, reflecteixen la seva participació en el fenomen del monaquisme, que precisament tingué el seu bressol a Egipte. Els documents també ens permeten comprovar quin era el grau de participació dels diaques en l’administració eclesiàstica, especialment en el seu vessant econòmic, així com funcions de caràcter civil que assoliren gradualment, especialment en les poblacions petites i en matèria fiscal. També podem resseguir l’activitat privada dels diaques: la seva participació en la vida econòmica a través de l’exercici de l’activitat agrícola i el de diverses professions artesanals o liberals. És especialment significativa l’una especialització en la redacció de documents i l’assumpció de funcions notarials, que implica també l’exercici de potestats públiques. Aquesta activitat en el món econòmic es manifesta també en la participació en diversos negocis jurídics recollits en diferents tipologies contractuals, així com en les seves relacions amb l’administració de justícia per diverses causes penals. Els documents examinats permeten igualment tenir una visió de la vida familiar dels diaques que hi són representats, especialment pel que fa a les relacions de filiació. Finalment, la documentació ens confronta amb una institució diferent del diaconat, malgrat que amb una relació etimològica, la dels diaconetes. Aquest mot, tot i que molt menys documentat, també sofrirà un procés d’especialització semblant al del mot “diaca” per esdevenir un mot tècnic cristià.
Diaconate is a wide represented institution in the corpus of documental papyri. Nontheless it had not been object of specific study until now. Documents we have, most of them coming from Egypt, allow us to have a vision of the evolution of lemma διακand of diaconate for more than a millenium. First of all, they give us a glance over the everyday use of the word διάκονος and its related verbal and variant forms in preChristian or noChristian context. In literary texts a general and a specialised Christian meaning were developing aside from the 1st century, but in the 4th century the Christian meaning overwhealmed the other one. The case of the magical papyri deserves a special reference as it is deeply marked by its transgressive nature. As for Christian diaconate, documental corpus offers us an important number of texts growing from the 4th century onwards. These documents help us reconstructing some details about diaconal ordinations and their evolution all over time, and also about deacons’ liturgical life in the Church. They reflect too their involvement whith monasticism. Documents also give us the chance to check responsabilities assumed by deacons in Church adminsitration, especially in aspects regarding economy. They also inform us about their assumption of leading functions in civil administration, in villages and in tax collecting. Thanks to papyri we can also consider deacons’ private activity. They took part in economic life as farmers, craftmen or professionals. They show special skills in document writing, and they also worked as notaries. All these business were documented through various types of contracts, and some documents witness their relationship with justice courts. We can also have a vision of deacons’ family life. Finally, documents show us some diaconetes, an institution other than the diaconate. This word, much less documented, endured an evolution parallel to that of the word “deacon” to become a Christian specialized term.

En aquesta tesi doctoral presentem un estudi sobre els actors de mim i mimògrafs grecoromans a l’Antiguitat a partir de l’anàlisi de la documentació epigràfica i papiràcia del món antic, una font d’informació sovint negligida pels estudiosos del drama i que tanmateix ens ajuda a comprendre millor aquest espectacle en gran part encara desconegut, en aportar dades que amb freqüència complementen la informació que ens proporcionen els pocs fragments de mim que ens han arribat i que fins i tot contradiuen la imatge del mim que ens forneixen les fonts literàries. L’estudi se centra en l’examen d’aspectes concrets que ens permeten aprofundir en el nostre coneixement de la figura de l’actor de mim i el mimògraf, com ara llur sexe i edat, llur condició jurídica, llurs especialitzacions artístiques i la formació de companyies i associacions d’actors de mim, i també en l’anàlisi de qüestions com l’ús de noms artístics per part dels actors, els motius i llocs comuns presents en llurs inscripcions o els aspectes de l’acció dramàtica d’un actor de mim que evidencia la documentació, entre d’altres. Així mateix, presentem també un corpus format pels 186 documents epigràfics i papiracis en llatí, grec i copte referents a actors de mim i mimògrafs que hem analitzat per poder realitzar l’estudi, per tal que els estudiosos del mim grecoromà i del drama antic en general disposin d’un recull actualitzat d’una documentació dispersa en un gran nombre de publicacions diverses que no sempre estan a l’abast de l’investigador. En el corpus hem reunit no només aquells documents que fan referència de forma inequívoca a actors de mim i mimògrafs, sinó que també hem afegit aquells que documenten possibles artistes relacionats amb el mim, així com documents que hom ha considerat relatius a actors de mim però que a parer nostre no haurien de formar part del corpus: el motiu de llur inclusió és poder argumentar per què no fan referència a actors de mim. D’altra banda, hem procurat d’oferir per a cada document una descripció del suport, una transcripció acurada del text, una actualització bibliogràfica i una traducció i comentari de cada peça, que esperem que siguin útils per als qui consultin aquest treball.
It is the aim of this thesis to present a study on Greco-Roman mime actors and mimographers in Antiquity from the analysis of ancient inscriptions and papyri, a source of information that has often been neglected by the scholar community but which enables us to achieve a better understanding of this still obscure form of entertainment by complementing our knowledge of ancient mime from the scarce number of mime fragments that have reached our age and by providing us with a unique view on the subject, quite different in many ways from the severity with which ancient authors have often treated this dramatic genre. The study focuses on the examination of various subjects concerning mime actors and mimographers, such as their sex and age, legal status, artistic specialisations and the organisation of mime actors in troupes and colleges, as well as the use of stage names by mime actors, the motifs and commonplaces found in their inscriptions or aspects concerning mime performances, among other topics. Moreover, it is also offered in this thesis a corpus of the 186 Greek, Latin and Coptic documents referring to mime actors and mimographers analysed in the study, so that scholars interested in Greco-Roman mime and ancient drama may have an up-to- date collection of inscriptions and papyri that cannot always be easily reached because of the considerable number of works in which the documentation is dispersed. The corpus not only collects documents which can undoubtedly be ascribed to ancient mime actors and mimographers, but also inscriptions and papyri which may refer to possible mimic artists, as well as documents considered by other scholars to be related to mime actors but which in our view should be excluded from the corpus: the reason of their being included here is for us to be able to argue why they do not refer to mime actors. Furthermore, we have endeavoured to provide for each of the documents collected in the corpus a description of the document, an accurate transcription of its text, an up-to- date bibliography, and a translation and comment, which we hope may be of use to the reader.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
The present dissertation deals with Archival Identification in Personal Papers, through the analysis of the specific situation in this file type, especially with regard to documentary production and recovery of principle of provenance. Thus, we seek to trace a brief history, conceptualization and analysis of Archival Identification indicated in the national and international literature, based on the research of Brazil and Spain. Also points up the relationship between the Archival Identification and the principles, functions and methods of Archival Science. Turning specifically to the case of personal papers, which have a remarkable difference in their composition. Thus, it is proposed to reflect the issues surrounding personal papers. It is thus a theoretical research that has as object the personal papers, following the Total Archives approach, which comprises the integration of the files and documentary treatment. It is thus possible to see how the theory is important in the development of practice, considering that design differences can result in different specific effects. In this sense, it is expected that the critical analysis grounded in theoretical basis of different understandings of Archival Identification and establishment of the Personal Papers can potentially contribute to the development of Archival science while science, including by making possible greater concreteness to practical application of archival doings.
A presente dissertação trata a respeito da Identificação Documental em arquivos pessoais, através da análise das especificidades existentes nesse tipo de arquivo, especialmente no que se refere à produção documental e recuperação do princípio de proveniência. Assim, buscou-se traçar um breve histórico, conceituação e análise da Identificação Documental na literatura nacional e internacional, tomando como base as pesquisas de Brasil e Espanha. Ressalta-se também a relação existente entre a Identificação Documental e os princípios, funções e métodos da Arquivologia. Voltando-se especificamente para o caso dos arquivos pessoais, que apresentam um notável diferencial em sua composição. Dessa forma, propõe-se refletir sobre questões que envolvem os arquivos pessoais. Trata-se, de uma pesquisa teórica que tem como objeto os arquivos pessoais, seguindo a abordagem do Total Archives, a qual compreende a integração entre os arquivos e tratamento documental. Torna-se, assim, possível perceber o quanto a teoria é importante no desenvolvimento da prática, considerando que diferenças de concepção podem ocasionar efeitos concretos divergentes. Nesse sentido, espera-se que a análise crítica, embasada em fundamentação teórica dos diferentes entendimentos de Identificação Documental e da constituição dos arquivos pessoais, possa vir a contribuir, para a evolução da Arquivologia enquanto ciência, inclusive por tornar possível maior concretude à aplicação prática dos fazeres arquivísticos.
CNPq: 130114/2017-0

Includes abstract.
Includes bibliographical references.
This dissertation paper is a reflective essay supporting the documentary film From Namibia with Love (FNWL). The aim of this essay is to examine and analyse the production challenges, ethical considerations and the reconstruction of reality in the making of the film FNWL. The essay explores these issues from the director's and editor's point of view with special references to academics literature and different documentary films.

Dopo un’introduzione sull’economia nel mondo antico e nella Galilea, la tesi affronta una rappresentazione storica de “Il Mare di Galilea tra l’antichità e oggi” (cap. 3). Seguono i capitoli sulle “Tecniche e le attrezzature di pesca” (cap.4) e su “Città, villaggi e aree di pesca” (Cap. 5). Due capitoli riguardano più particolarmente l’attività economica in senso stretto: “L’organizzazione dell’attività” (cap. 6) e “Commercio ed esportazione” (cap. 7). Chiudono la tesi due capitoli di carattere più metodologico: una rappresentazione degli agenti sociali della pesca (“i pescatori”) condotta ispirandosi alla network Analysis e un’analisi antropologica del loro sistema di vita (capitolo finale).La tesi è basata essenzialmente su tre corpi di documentazione: papiri documentari, dati archeologici, fonti storiche e letterarie. Molti dei documenti reperiti, in lingua greca, non erano mai stati tradotti in lingue moderne.La tesi consta – oltre ai diversi capitoli – anche di un’appendice documentaria molto estesa
The thesis regards different aspects of the fishing infustry in the lake of Galilee during the first century. It addresses practical issues such as the fishing techniques and the tackle used, the fishing grounds and seasons, the organization and regulations of the industry, the taxation, the fish commerce and the socio-economic level of fishermen.It is based in documentary papyri, inscriptions, literary and arcaeological data as well as social sciences theories, anthropological studies and ethnograpical data.

Dopo un’introduzione sull’economia nel mondo antico e nella Galilea, la tesi affronta una rappresentazione storica de “Il Mare di Galilea tra l’antichità e oggi” (cap. 3). Seguono i capitoli sulle “Tecniche e le attrezzature di pesca” (cap.4) e su “Città, villaggi e aree di pesca” (Cap. 5). Due capitoli riguardano più particolarmente l’attività economica in senso stretto: “L’organizzazione dell’attività” (cap. 6) e “Commercio ed esportazione” (cap. 7). Chiudono la tesi due capitoli di carattere più metodologico: una rappresentazione degli agenti sociali della pesca (“i pescatori”) condotta ispirandosi alla network Analysis e un’analisi antropologica del loro sistema di vita (capitolo finale).La tesi è basata essenzialmente su tre corpi di documentazione: papiri documentari, dati archeologici, fonti storiche e letterarie. Molti dei documenti reperiti, in lingua greca, non erano mai stati tradotti in lingue moderne.La tesi consta – oltre ai diversi capitoli – anche di un’appendice documentaria molto estesa
The thesis regards different aspects of the fishing infustry in the lake of Galilee during the first century. It addresses practical issues such as the fishing techniques and the tackle used, the fishing grounds and seasons, the organization and regulations of the industry, the taxation, the fish commerce and the socio-economic level of fishermen.It is based in documentary papyri, inscriptions, literary and arcaeological data as well as social sciences theories, anthropological studies and ethnograpical data.

Actualmente, la identificación por radiofrecuencia (RFID) es una de las tecnologías con mayor crecimiento dentro de la industria de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (TIC) y de la identificación automática. En este contexto, RFID es una tecnología que puede utilizarse en un amplio espectro de aplicaciones, tales como control de acceso, seguimiento, seguridad, control de inventario, logística, entre otros. Asimismo, RFID proporciona multitud de beneficios imposibles de conseguir con los tradicionales sistemas de identificación ópticos, comúnmente conocidos como código de barras ópticos, incluyendo rango de lectura, capacidad de detección de la etiqueta sin necesidad de tener visión directa con el lector, capacidad de información, etcétera. Sin embargo, los sistemas ópticos son extremadamente baratos comparado con los sistemas RFID. Por esta razón, los códigos de barras siguen siendo, en términos de identificación, el punto de referencia en el mercado. De hecho, más del 70% de los productos fabricados en el mundo están identificados con él. Principalmente, el coste de las etiquetas RFID viene determinado por el circuito integrado de aplicación específica (ASIC) que llevan incorporado. Por lo tanto, parece razonable que una posible solución consista en implementar etiquetas RFID sin ASIC (Chipless-RFID), donde un determinado patrón metálico sobre un sustrato contiene un determinado código identificativo. Esta nueva tecnología puede proporcionar un coste más reducido ya que las etiquetas carecen de circuito integrado. No obstante, presenta una serie de retos tecnológicos que han sido abordados por diferentes grupos de investigación en la última década. Entre dichos retos, se encuentra conseguir aumentar la capacidad de información de las etiquetas hasta el punto de ser competitivas con los códigos de barras ópticos, o incluso, con las etiquetas RFID con chip. Esta tesis tiene como principal objetivo desarrollar diferentes estrategias o sistemas Chipless-RFID para incrementar la capacidad de información, de este modo, contribuyendo al avance y desarrollo de esta tecnología. Asimismo, este trabajo también se centra en aplicar en un entorno real las diferentes estrategias aportadas. Principalmente, se demuestra su aplicabilidad en seguridad documental y/o autentificación (para evitar falsificaciones o copias de documentos oficiales, actas notariales, exámenes, papeletas de voto, recetas médicas, etc.), para el desarrollo de sensores de velocidad angular, o como sensores de presencia con capacidad de identificación.
Nowadays, radio frequency identification (RFID) is one of the fastest growing technologies within the information technology (IT) industry and automatic identification. In this context, RFID is a technology which can be used in a wide spectrum of applications, such as access control, tracking, security, inventory as well as logistics. Moreover, RFID provides several advantages which are difficult to achieve with traditional optical identification systems, typically known as optical barcodes, including reading range, tag detection capability without the need to have line of sight with the reader, data storage capability, etc. Nevertheless, optical systems are extremely cheap compared to RFID systems. Therefore, in terms of identification, barcodes are still the benchmark in the market. In fact, more than 70% of the products manufactured worldwide are identified with optical systems. The cost of the RFID tags is mainly given by the application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) connected to the antenna. Therefore, it seems reasonable that a possible solution is based on implementing RFID tags without ASIC (Chipless-RFID), where a certain metallic pattern on a substrate contains a certain identification code. This recent technology may provide a lower cost since tags are not equipped with integrated circuit. Nevertheless, it presents a series of technological challenges that have been addressed by different research groups in the last decade. One of these challenges is to increase the data capability of tags in order to be competitive with optical barcodes, or even with chipped RFID tags. The main objective of this thesis is to develop alternative approaches or Chipless-RFID systems in order to increase the data capability, thus contributing to the advance and development of this technology. Besides, this work also focuses on applying the different approaches in real scenarios. Mainly, it is demonstrated that it is possible to use the proposed Chipless-RFID systems in secure paper applications (in order to avoid counterfeiting or copies of corporate documents, exams, ballots, etc.) as well as angular velocity sensors or as proximity sensor with identification capability.

This documentary analysis study critically examines representations of a multicultural perspective in selected Ontario elementary school visual arts curriculum and support documents. The study focuses on five documents that were published between 1985 and 1998, a period that coincides with important curricular changes in art education. This period was also significant with regards to developments that occurred in this province relating to multicultural education. To complete this analysis, references to race, ethnicity and culture were examined in order to identify ways in which they were being utilized in the documents. Furthermore, these references were analyzed from the perspective of critical multiculturalism to determine how multicultural education was being represented in the resources. I argue that while certain efforts were made to include a multicultural perspective in art education during this time period, these were for the most part inadequate in that they tend to present information out of context, fail to include diverse perspectives, overemphasize certain groups to the detriment of others, and perpetuate false information and stereotypes. I also contend that these deficiencies in art education are closely related to the political context that influenced the role and place of art education within the educational system.

碩士
國立雲林科技大學
文化資產維護系碩士班
100
As people get information through computers in this technology fast-growth society, most of the information was gathered into file paper by using 3C products. To meet the demand from enormous users, standard spec of file paper were established for printers, photocopier, and other 3C products. When we used those machines to copy or edit our data, preserve time-limit of file paper or the unique value of those data were never considered as important or essential. We use the same paper for all data, so does our governmental organization. Due to the reason that people did not choose the right paper and consider the time-limit for preservation, we need to waste more manpower, time and money to manage with the degradation of paper itself. This study applied accelerated degradation test on all paper samples that were found on the market, including those preservation improved paper from domestic and overseas. The color difference, tensile strength and Ph value were evaluated of those papers in this study, and we suggest the most suitable paper for preservation at the conclusion. We hope this study will assist people to choose the suitable paper in the office. The three key factors of paper degradation are temperature, humidity and luminosity. Due to the restriction of our lab facilities, we only emphasized on temperature and luminosity in this study. The study used two test methods to accelerate thermal dissociation and light induced degradation (LID) with all our sample papers. Through the changing of color light, tensile strength, and Ph value, we know more detailed status of paper degradation process. The test result showed that MITSUBISHI PPC paper, acid-free paper from U.S., and specialized acid-free paper for preservation in Japan were suitable for long time preservation. We strongly suggest choosing above three types of paper for all the important data / file.

Des dinosaures sur papier : des notes « sur le terrain » comme on en trouve dans le Badlands de Robert Kroetsch passe en revue cette œuvre postmoderne de 1975 portant sur une expédition paléontologique fictive près de la rivière Red Deer, en Alberta, conformément à la récente tendance à exiger la vérification systématique des données à la base des récits métafictifs historiographiques dans la littérature canadienne-anglaise. Inspirée de l’exploration canonique qu’a effectuée John Livingston-Lowes des plus grands poèmes de Samuel Taylor Coleridge par le biais de la mine d’or du Gutch Memorandum Book dans The Road to Xanadu, cette thèse entreprend un nouveau type de recherche qui se démarque des archives conventionnelles et de la tradition documentaire. S’appuyant sur des documents holographes non publiés provenant de dépôts d’archives situés au Québec, en Ontario et en Alberta et écrits par des collecteurs, des géologues et des paléontologues de la Commission géologique du Canada, ainsi que sur des notes « sur le terrain », des notes de recherche et des journaux personnels écrits par Robert Kroetsch pendant la rédaction de son roman Badlands, cet examen critique révèle les strates sous-jacentes inédites d’une œuvre de fiction particulière. Dans pratiquement toute fouille paléontologique, le retrait de ce qui enveloppe un spécimen révèle souvent des données supplémentaires qui peuvent, si elles sont soigneusement interprétées, offrir des indices essentiels sur les environnements paléontologiques. Ainsi, un squelette de dinosaure est rarement retiré d’une carrière stérile dans son intégralité. Il en va de même pour toute recherche sur un processus littéraire. Aucun texte ne s’autosuffit. Comme Kroetsch s’est efforcé de produire son récit sous forme d’interrogation sur la création et la transmission des données historiques, particulièrement grâce à des notes « sur le terrain », une vaste étude de ce « terrain » comprenant des intertextes de l’Antiquité, des sciences, de l’Histoire, de l’histoire populaire, de récits de voyages et de la littérature canadienne et internationale est ici menée. On y fait librement référence à des périodes et à des auteurs très diversifiés, allant de Thomas Jefferson et des tombelles à Bruce Chatwin et sa peau de « brontosaure ». Évidemment, aucune entreprise interdisciplinaire du genre ne peut être exhaustive. Ce projet se veut plutôt une vitrine littéraire réunissant des curiosités autour d’une œuvre principale, soit le Badlands de Robert Kroetsch. Réduites à leur plus simple expression, les notes « sur le terrain » constituent des messages destinés à la postérité. En explorant trois thèmes principaux, cette thèse explique comment ces messages pourraient être transmis. « Saxa Loquuntur ! », ainsi intitulé en référence à l’analogie de Freud avec l’archéologie, traite des métaphores associées aux témoignages de la pierre ; « Good Jones » porte sur les façons dont la taxinomie peut combler le désir d’un chercheur d’os de ne pas tomber dans l’oubli ; « Box 16 » suit une piste documentaire en parcourant les écrits de Kroetsch pour reconstituer tant l’élaboration d’un roman que les notions de temps, d’espace et d’origine d’une œuvre littéraire.
Paper Dinosaurs: Field Notes as Finds in Robert Kroetsch's Badlands revisits the 1975 postmodern novel about a fictionalized palaeontological expedition down Alberta's Red Deer River in light of recent calls for systematic investigation into the source materials of historiographic meta-fictions in anglophone Canadian literature. Inspired by John Livingston-Lowes' canonical dissection of the major poems of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, via the treasure trove of the Gutch Memorandum Book in The Road to Xanadu, this study undertakes a new process focused inquiry into the archive and into the documentary tradition. By excavating unpublished holograph materials from Quebec, Ontario, and Alberta repositories written by Geological Survey of Canada collectors, geologists, and palaeontologists, in addition to field-notes, research notes and diaries produced by Robert Kroetsch during the writing of Badlands, this critical examination reveals hitherto unseen strata underlying a particular work of fiction. In most any palaeontological dig the removal of overburden from a target specimen often exposes surprising ancillary data, which through careful interpretation may give vital clues to palaeo-enviromments. A dinosaur skeleton is rarely pried whole from a sterile quarry. Neither is any inquiry into literary process. No text exists unto itself. Because Kroetsch so self-consciously crafted his narrative as an interrogation of history generation and transmission – specifically via the written word in the vehicle of field-notes – this study surveys a broad field encompassing inter-texts from antiquity, science, history, popular history, travel writing, Canadian and World literatures. Recourse is freely made to widely divergent authors and periods from Thomas Jefferson and the barrow mounds to Bruce Chatwin and his "brontosaurus" skin. Of course no such inter-disciplinary enterprise can be exhaustive. Rather this project assembles a kind of literary cabinet of curiosities grouped around the principal specimen of Robert Kroetsch's Badlands. In their most reductive configuration, field notes are messages to posterity. Through three main themes this study explores how these messages may be conveyed: "Saxa Loquuntur!", so titled after Freud's archaeological analogy, investigates metaphors of stone speaking; "Good Jones" interrogates how taxonomy can be made to serve a bone collector's desire to be remembered; and finally "Box 16" follows a documentary trail into Kroetsch's papers to trace not only the construction of a novel but also notions of time and place, and authorship.

The dissertation, based on papyrological material from the sixth-eighth-century Middle Egypt, explores the numerous links that connected monks and monastic communities with their lay environment. The subjects discussed in the text encompass, among others, the relations of monks and monasteries with the state officials, the great estates, local authorities, workers, tenants, and various business partners. The dissertation is composed of eight parts: the introduction, six case studies focusing on various collections of documentary texts, and final remarks. The case studies discuss the relations of monasteries with the estates of the Apions (Oxyrhynchos, 6th c.) and count Ammonios (Aphrodito, 6th c.), the documentation pertaining to monasteries gathered by the notary Dioskoros of Aphrodito (6th c.), and the dossiers connected with four monastic centres: Deir el-Naqlun (6th-7th c.), Bawit (6th-8th c.), Wadi Sarga (7th-8th c.), and Deir el-Bala'izah (7th-8th c.). The work identifies and describes the contexts of the relations between monks, monasteries, and 'the world outside' and the actors involved in these contacts on both sides. The main goal of the dissertation, however, was to see how the inevitable interactions with laypeople of various status boosted the development of organisational structures in the monastic communities in question.
Rozprawa, oparta o bazę źródłową w postaci papirusów ze Środkowego Egiptu datowanych na VI-VIII w., jest próbą zbadania rozmaitych relacji łączących mnichów i wspólnoty monastyczne z ich świeckim otoczeniem. Jej tematyka obejmuje między innymi kontakty mnichów i klasztorów z urzędnikami państwowymi, wielką własnością ziemską, władzami lokalnymi, pracownikami, dzierżawcami oraz partnerami w biznesie. Dysertacja składa się z sześciu części: wprowadzenia, sześciu case studies opartych o rozmaite dossier tekstów dokumentarnych oraz uwag końcowych. Case studies omawiają relacje klasztorów z majątkami ziemskimi Apionów (Oksyrynchos, VI w.) i comesa Ammoniosa (Afrodito, VI w.), dokumentację związaną z klasztorami pochodzącą z dossier notariusza z Afrodito, Dioskorosa (VI w.) oraz kolekcje tekstów pochodzące z czterech ośrodków monastycznych: Deir el-Naqlun (VI-VII w.), Bawit (VI-VIII w.), Wadi Sarga (VII-VIII w.) i Deir el-Bala'izah (VII-VIII w.). W pracy zidentyfikowane są i opisane konteksty relacji pomiędzy mnichami, klasztorami, a "światem zewnętrznym" oraz ich uczestnicy z obu stron. Głównym celem pracy było zaobserwowanie w jaki sposób nieuniknione kontakty ze świeckimi o różnej pozycji przyczyniały się do rozwoju struktur organizacji w badanych wspólnotach.

Mestrado em Informática Aplicada à Sociedade da Informação e do Conhecimento
Este trabalho aborda uma prática frequente no nosso dia-a-dia e nas opções que tomamos enquanto cidadãos, face à necessidade de provarmos que efectuámos determinados procedimentos - através de documentos probatórios, que comprovem a realização desses procedimentos -, numa sociedade cada vez mais tecnológica. Numa perspectiva mais social do que técnica, averigua-se a relação existente entre utilizadores de ferramentas tecnológicas e a preservação de documentos probatórios. Pretende-se também verificar se existe alguma relação entre a actividade profissional e o nível de confiança entre quem preserva e o suporte escolhido para a preservação de documentos. Os dados foram obtidos por intermédio de um questionário on-line (constituído por uma série de questões fechadas, avaliadas com escalas de 1 a 5) e entre os participantes que constituem a população (N=520), distinguiram-se três grupos profissionais, conforme as áreas a que se referem: Banca, Seguros e Serviços Partilhados. Os documentos probatórios que foram estudados tanto podem ser preservados em suporte papel como digital, de maneira a possibilitar a escolha aos inquiridos por uma das hipóteses ou, eventualmente, as duas. A escolha dos documentos foi pensada tendo em conta que os mesmos deveriam ser do conhecimento comum ou uso corrente dos inquiridos. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a confiança e a segurança que os inquiridos têm nos suportes papel e digital variam de acordo com o grau de importância que os documentos têm para o indivíduo. Por exemplo, verificou-se que são sobretudo os homens, quando comparados com as mulheres, que mais se sentem inseguros com a preservação de documentos importantes unicamente em papel. Em geral, o sentimento de segurança dos participantes relativamente à preservação de documentos importantes apenas num único suporte, está relacionado com alguma falta de confiança no outro suporte. Os meios tecnológicos, sobretudo pela possibilidade de se poderem guardar cópias dos documentos em diversos suportes, com grande capacidade de memória, desempenham um papel essencial.
This thesis focuses on the daily habits and choices we make as citizens towards the need to prove we did certain actions through approbatory documents that certify these same actions, in a growing technological society. In a more social than technical perspective, we will analyze the relation between the users of technological tools and the preservation of approbatory documents. We also aim to assess the relation between the professional occupation and the level of trust of those who preserve documents and the support chosen to do so. The data were generated through an on line questionnaire (made up of a series of closed questions, evaluated through a scale of 1 to 5) and from those who participated (N=520), three professional groups were isolated according to the following areas: Banking, Insurance and Shared Services. The approbatory documents that were studied can either be preserved in paper or digital formats, as a way to allow the respondents to choose one or both supports. The choice of documents was made considering that these should be of the common knowledge or current use of the respondents. The results show that the level of trust and safety that respondents have on paper or digital supports vary according to the importance given to the documents. For instance, the results showed that men, when compared to women, feel more insecure about preserving important documents only on paper support. In general, the feeling of insecurity of the respondents regarding the preservation of important documents in only one support is related to the lack of trust on the other support. The technological means especially due to the possibility they offer to save copies of documents in various supports, with a high memory capacity, play an essential role.

The Gloria Evangelina Anzaldúa Papers, 1942-2004 are located in the Benson Latin American Collection at the University of Texas at Austin. They contain published and unpublished works along with photographs, correspondence, artwork, notes, interviews, etc. As a woman of color who is interested in issues of social justice, disrupting dominant ideological binaries, and intersections of race, class, and gender, Anzaldúa has much to offer the field of rhetoric and communication studies. The purpose of the study is to derive Anzaldúa’s theory of social change. As a woman of color, Anzaldúa simultaneously aligns and differentiates herself from the Chicano movement and the feminist movement. Citing her, and other Chicana feminists concerns, she uses a theory of the B/borderlands as a generative theory from which she theorizes using nepantla and images. Her theory of social change is implicit and available to rhetors upon an examination of the official and unofficial texts available in her archive. Diana Taylor’s concepts of the archive (official texts) and the repertoire (unofficial performances and iterations) are used to examine Anzaldúa’s archival collection. The artifacts included an examination of Anzaldúa’s birth certificate and corrections compared with a short story “Her Name Never Got Called.” In addition a documentary Altar is examined and compared with conversations that led to its creation. An analysis of Anzaldúa’s archive suggests that there is an oscillation between the official archives and the unofficial performances. These movements reveal Anzaldúa’s favor for images as instrumental in her theory-making process; they reveal her imagistic theory of social change. Applying a theory of discourse from the borderlands that emerges out of the archive of Anzaldúa will make rhetoricians better equipped to study texts that speak back to dominant discourses and refuse oppressive binaries.
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The aim of this work is to identify the needs and appropriate solution strategies for knowledge management, creating digital content from the documentary heritage that guards the National Library. To achieve this goal aims to address this problem and need, using the tools offered by ICT, both from the field of digitization and dissemination of electronic files that are produced, which would be concentrated and distributed in a repository open Access. Finally a set of guidelines for the establishment and description of the objects to be managed by the institutional repository, which will be developed on the DSpace platform is established. Master in Strategic Management in Information Technology, Faculty of Engineering