Relevant bibliographies by topics / Dog breeds

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Dog breeds'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Dog breeds"

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Worboys, Michael. "Inventing Dog Breeds." Humanimalia 10, no. 1 (May 26, 2021): 44–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.52537/humanimalia.9524.

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Today Jack Russell Terriers (JRTs) are among the most popular dogs in Britain and are seen to have long history, dating back to the fox terriers bred by Parson Jack Russell in the early and mid-Victorian period. Yet, JRTs are the dog breed most recently recognized by the British Kennel Club, only being allowed to enter dog shows and to be registered in the Club’s stud book since 2016. This essay explores this paradox and tells the story of struggles between different groups over the physical form and cultural meaning of this particular type of dog, but similar histories of the contested and contingent creation could be told of every dog breed. Modern dog breeds were invented materially and culturally in the Victorian era, first in Britain before being spread around the world. Then and since, the conformation of individual breeds has been subject to continual reimagining and reinvention by dog fanciers, along with the proliferation breeds to produce the 344 breeds now recognised by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI). History shows that breed could have been differently conceived and specific dog breeds differently made.
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MORINA, Rifat, Avni ROBAJ, and Mentor SOPJANI. "Analiza mitohondrijske DNA pri psih pasme šarplaninec in njena uporaba za ugotavljanje filogenetskih povezav med pasmami in znotraj pasme." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 120, no. 2 (July 16, 2024): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2024.120.2.19117.

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The Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog – Sharplanina belongs to the group of Molosser type dog breeds and is an autochthonous dog breed in southwestern Kosovo and northwestern North Macedonia. This breed is characterised by its genetic diversity in the mitochondrial DNA. In our research we found nine haplotypes grouped into three main clades A, B and C, with distribution rates of 43 %, 43 % and 14 %, respectively. Our analyses show that the “Sharplanina dog” exhibits a remarkable genetic heterogeneity, which makes it very difficult to determine its origin and to correlate the haplotypes with the geographical location of the collected samples. The geographical proximity of the breed’s origin to the habitat of the extinct ancient Molossian hound and the similarities of its haplotypes with certain dog breeds in Europe and East Asia make it a very interesting breed for further research.
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Jung, Christoph, and Daniela Pörtl. "How old are (Pet) Dog Breeds?" Pet Behaviour Science, no. 7 (May 1, 2019): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/pbs.v0i7.11494.

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Dogs are our Pets. Everybody knows dog breeds. A dog is often understood only as a specimen of a breed or a mongrel of several breeds. Some scholars argue, that dog breeds would be created as an artificial product starting 150 years ago in the Victorian era. The original dog would be an uniform dog type called “village dog”, hanging around human settlements while scavenging human waste and faeces. Astonishingly we only find very little research on evolution and history of dog breeds and dog breeding. In our article we will search for evidence. We found many records in history, archaeology and genetics pointing out that dog breeds have a long history likely starting in prehistoric times or at least in antiquity. Dog breeds shape no static monuments over thousands of years. We should understand dog breeds as steadily evolving populations in changing ecologies - like each species. Dogs’ ecological niches were made primarily by human. We are able to identify and clearly differ dogs in breeds, each breed fitting to its special niches. We are using dogs’ different traits since thousands of years. Dogs always had and have their jobs as hunting-, herding-, sledding-partners or as pets. Thus, dogs have been shaped to fit optimally to each job. Eventually, they evolved with their changing jobs in continually evolving human societies. Breeds have not been simply invented. Breeds did not derive artificially during some decades in the Victorian era. Victorian dog breeding culture only switched the focus from the behaviour to the appearance and that mainly with regard to fashion dogs. Even standardized modern purebred dogs on the official shows are continuously changing their traits and appearance following human fashions. Dog breeds may be understood as a reflection of human culture. Understanding the history of dog breeds is helpful for a better understanding of our dogs, the human-dog bonding and ourselves.
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Adejumobi, P. O., I. O. Adejumobi, O. A. Adebisi, S. O. Ayanlade, and I. I. Adeaga. "Automatic classification of breeds of dog using convolutional neural network." Nigerian Journal of Technological Development 20, no. 3 (October 15, 2023): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njtd.v20i3.1485.

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Dog is a mammal that has been a friend of man for ages, it is naturally a domestic animal with a high level of phenotype differences in behaviour and morphology. Breeding and crossbreeding activities have increased the number of dog breeds globally, thereby resulting in dogs with inter breed similarities and intra breed differences thereby creating a difficulty in their classification. The American Kennel Club (AKC) classified breeds of dog into groups based on characteristic, purpose, behaviuor and uses in order to optimize the potentials in the breeds. However, most people find it difficult to identify and classify the dog breed groups. Existing works did not consider the automatic grouping of dog breeds. Hence, there is need for automatic techniques to classify dog breeds into groups with improved accuracy. This work used the concept of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to develop a model that will automatically classify dog breeds into group based on the American Kennel Club standard using the Stanford’s dog dataset. The developed model achieved 92.2% accuracy, 80.0% sensitivity, 95.3% specificity and 93.4% area under curve (AUC). The model’s performance is excellent compared to existing works that used the same dataset. The experimental result was validated with two classic CNN models (ResNet-50 and SqueezeNet) using the same parameters.
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Hielscher-Zdzieblik, Benedikt, Ingo Froboese, James Serpell, and Udo Gansloßer. "Impact of Dog’s Age and Breed on Dog Owner’s Physical Activity: A German Longitudinal Study." Animals 12, no. 10 (May 20, 2022): 1314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12101314.

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Dog ownership contributes positively to physical activity (PA). The impact of different dog breeds and age on PA is less investigated in longitudinal studies. This study aimed to evaluate PA changes in dog owners as their dogs’ ages increased and to explore whether there are differences in PA between owners of different breeds over a three-year period. Owners of different dog breeds were categorized into nine groups according to the perceived energy level and size of the breed. PA was monitored using an online questionnaire for three consecutive years. Linear mixed models (LMM) showed a small, but significant decrease in total PA, leisure time walking, dog-related PA and dog walking over three years. No decreases were found if only participants who attended at all time points were included. In all LMM analyses, a significant relationship between the dog breed and the outcomes of PA were shown. At baseline, dog owners performed different types of activities depending on their dog breed. In conclusion, owners of different dog breeds differ in their types of PA. The study emphasizes that age, size and energy level of the dog does not per se have an impact on dog owners PA.
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Jagadesh, K. "Dog’s Breed Prediction using Deep Learning." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 6 (June 30, 2024): 1161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.61626.

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Abstract: Dog Breed Prediction from Images using Deep Learning, in this project, we propose a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based approach for predicting dog breeds from images. With the increasing popularity of dogs as pets and the need for proper care and maintenance, it is essential to identify the breed of a dog accurately. However, manual identification can be time-consuming and prone to errors. Therefore, we propose a deep learning-based solution that can predict the breed of a dog with high accuracy. We train a CNN model on a large dataset of dog images, where each image is labeled with the breed of the dog. The model learns to extract features from the images and classify them into one of the 180 breeds. We evaluate the performance of the model using standard metrics and compare it with other machine learning algorithms. Our experimental results show that the proposed CNN model outperforms other algorithms in predicting dog breeds from images. The model achieves an accuracy of 90%, making it a reliable tool for dog breed prediction. Additionally, we develop a web application that allows users to upload an image of a dog and predict its breed using our model. This project demonstrates the effectiveness of deep learning techniques in predicting dog breeds from images. The proposed CNN model can be a valuable tool for veterinarians, pet owners, and breeders, helping them identify the breed of a dog accurately and efficiently.
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STOCKMAN, M. J. R. "Dog breeds." Journal of Small Animal Practice 26, no. 1 (January 1985): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.1985.tb02084.x.

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Towpunwong, Nattakan, and Napa Sae-Bae. "Dog Breed Classification and Identification Using Convolutional Neural Networks." ECTI Transactions on Computer and Information Technology (ECTI-CIT) 17, no. 4 (December 15, 2023): 554–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37936/ecti-cit.2023174.253728.

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This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of using pre-trained models to extract biometric information, specifically the dog breed and dog identity, from images of dogs. The study employed pre-trained models to extract feature vectors from the dog images. Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) models then used these vectors as input to train dog breed and identity classifiers. The dog breeds used in this study comprised two Thai breeds, Bangkaew and Ridgeback, and 120 foreign breeds. For dog breed classification, the results showed that, among the ImageNet classification models, the pre-trained NasNetLarge model has the highest dog breed classification accuracy (91%). The newly trained MLP model, which used feature vectors obtained by NasNetLarge, achieved higher accuracy at 93%. For dog identification, the results showed that, without data augmentation, the pre-trained ResNet50 model had the highest dog identification accuracy (75%). However, with data augmentation, MobileNetV2 could achieve a higher accuracy of 77%. When evaluating the identification performance of each breed, it is important to note that pugs achieved the lowest identification rate at 57.4%. Conversely, Bangkaew dogs demonstrated outstanding performance, with the highest identification rate at 98.6%.
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Kumaravel, T., P. Natesan, V. E. Sathishkumar, Sathiya Shri N., Swathy G., and Uvetha V. "Automatic dog breed classification using deep learning." Applied and Computational Engineering 6, no. 1 (June 14, 2023): 966–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/6/20230968.

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Dogs are a common type of animal that can present various problems, such as issues with population control, controlling rabies outbreaks, administering vaccinations, and legal ownership, due to their large numbers. Understanding the breed of the dog can help the owner identify potential health issues and determine their lifespan. There are over 120 different breeds of dogs, each with unique characteristics and health concerns. To properly care for and train a dog, it is important to know their breed. This study discusses methods of classifying dog breeds and presents a method using a CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) to accurately identify different breeds by analyzing dog images. This approach, using DenseNet201, achieved an accuracy of 87.34% on the Dog Breed Images dataset and is more effective than other methods found in literature.
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Nguyen Thi, Dieu Thuy, Cong Trieu Le, Phuong Loan Huynh Thi, Tra Mi Bui Thi, Huy Tuong Nguyen, and Anh Khoa Do Vo. "Analysis of genetic diversity of Ven dog breed based on microsatellite markers." Academia Journal of Biology 46, no. 2 (June 23, 2024): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2615-9023/20446.

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Microsatellite (MS) is a genetic marker widely used in the studies of pedigree, individual identification, gene mapping, and genetic diversity within and between populations. The genetic diversity of the indigenous Ven dog breed, along with two imported dog breeds, the Berger and Poodle dogs raised in Vietnam, was analyzed based on seven microsatellite markers. A total of 32 alleles, an average number of alleles/loci of 4.6 were observed across 80 samples of the three dog breeds. The overall polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.67 representing the quality of selected MS markers. Genetic diversity indices (Ho, He, Fit, Fst) showed the phenomenon of inbreeding between individuals in the Ven dog population. The genetic similarity level and phylogenetic tree also reasonably reflect the genetic relationship between the three analyzed dog breeds, in which the Ven dog showed a higher genetic distance compared to two imported dog breeds.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dog breeds"

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Barroso, Maria Cristina Tenreiro Pereira Rodrigues. "Detection of the MDR1 mutation in Portuguese dog breeds." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19292.

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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
P-glycoprotein is an ATP-driven drug efflux carrier, encoded by the multidrug resistance gene MDR1, also been referred as ABCB1, that is responsible for the transport of a broad variety of compounds, including drugs commonly used in veterinary medicine, out of the cell against the concentration gradient. The influence of P-gp on drug disposition has been demonstrated in Collies and in other herding dog breeds since a severe intoxication in response to treatment with the antiparasitic drug ivermectin and other avermectins has been reported in a subpopulation of these breeds. This adverse reaction is related to a 4-bp deletion in the ABCB1 gene. To our knowledge, no study was conducted in portuguese dog breeds to detect this gene mutation and there is no available information for the clinicians about this fact and consequently, about the safety of the administration of drugs that are P-gp substrates. Thus, it is important to know the status about the presence of MDR1 in dog breeds in Portugal. The main objective of this project was to implement the genetic test to identify the gene mutation on MDR1 gene and to perform this analysis in several animals from dog breeds in Portugal to obtain their MDR1 genotype. For that, we performed biological samples of saliva in animals from the dog breeds belonging to Group 1 and from the ones already identified as affected. The diagnosis technique used was adapted from the ones utilized by other authors, namely Mealy and collaborators. We analyzed 105 animals, 21.9% of which are Barbado da Terceira, 9.5% are Cão da Serra d’Aires, 52.4% belonging to breeds known to carry the mutation and 16.2% to other breeds. With this study we were able to establish the analysis in our laboratory, we identified the mutation in dogs of breeds already signalized as having the mutation and we evidenced that the mutation already is in Barbado da Terceira - carriers.
RESUMO - DETEÇÃO DA MUTAÇÃO MDR1 NAS RAÇAS CANINAS PORTUGUESAS - A glicoproteína P é um transportador dependente de ATP, codificado pelo gene de resistência a fármacos MDR1, também conhecido como ABCB1, que é responsável pelo transporte contra o gradiente de concentração (para o espaço extracelular) de vários substratos, incluindo fármacos comummente utlizados em Medicina Veterinária. A influencia deste transportador na reação a fármacos foi demonstrada em Collies e outras raças pastoras devido ao desenvolvimento de sinais neurológicos, de intoxicação grave, após o tratamento destes animais com antiparasitários do grupo das avermectinas, nomeadamente, a ivermectina. Esta reação está relacionada com a deleção de 4 pares de base no gene canino ABCB1, descoberta em 2001, em cães com fenótipo sensível à ivermectina. Até à data, não temos conhecimento de nenhum estudo feito em Portugal para detetar esta mutação genética e não existe informação disponível para os clínicos sobre este facto e, consequentemente, sobre a segurança de administração de medicamentos que sejam substratos da gp-P. É, por isso, importante saber-se o estatuto MDR1 em raças caninas em Portugal. O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi implementar o teste genético para identificação da mutação genética no gene MDR1 e realizar esta análise em vários exemplares de raças caninas em Portugal para obter o seu genótipo MDR1. Para o efeito foram realizadas colheitas de amostras biológicas de saliva em exemplares das raças caninas pertencentes ao grupo I e das raças já identificadas como afetadas. A técnica de diagnóstico utilizada foi adaptada das técnicas utilizadas por outros autores, nomeadamente Mealey e colaboradores. Foram analisados 105 animais, 21.9% dos quais são Barbados da Terceira, 9.5% são Cão da Serra d’Aires, 52.4% pertence a raças já identificadas como portadoras da mutação e 16.2% a outras raças. Com a realização deste estudo, conseguimos estabelecer a técnica no nosso laboratório, identificámos a mutação em cães de raças já sinalizadas como tendo a mutação e detetámos evidências que a mutação também circula na raça Barbado da Terceira - portadores.
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Packer, Rowena M. A. "Quantitative investigation of healthy conformational limits in domestic dog breeds." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.618296.

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There are increasing concerns that some pedigree breeding practices compromise canine welfare; with many breeds affected by inherited disorders likely due to adherence to breed standards that encourage exaggerated conformations. Consequently, calls for quantitative limits to be included in breed standards have been advocated to safeguard against conformations that are detrimental to canine welfare. This thesis explores the relationships between extreme conformation and disease-risk, to identify the most at-risk conformations currently being selected for, and recommend healthy 'limits'. Three conformation-related disorders of high welfare importance were investigated; brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS), intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE) and corneal ulceration. Seven hundred dogs entering the RVe's small animal referral hospital were recruited over 14-months; their conformations quantified using established protocols and disease-status assessed. Generalised linear mixed-model analyses demonstrated for the first time that: (1) relatively shorter muzzles and relatively thicker necks increased the risk of BOAS; (2) relatively longer backs, miniaturisation and being overweight increased the risk of IVDE; and (3) the presence of nasal folds, relatively short muzzles, relatively larger eyelid openings and the presence of exposed sclera increased the risk of corneal ulcers. To test the risk estimates generated from this population, a second study of BOAS was carried out in a non-referral population. Short muzzles and thick necks were confirmed to be risk factors for BOAS, with two further lifestyle risk factors identified: obesity and neutering. A questionnaire-based study discovered an owner-perception of BOAS being 'normal for the breed' that may hamper efforts to reduce its prevalence in the future. As such, educational interventions to change attitudes may be required. The results of these studies are hoped to instigate and inform future breed standard revisions, and influence those within the breeding community to change current breeding practices to improve canine welfare by selecting for more moderate, lower-risk morphologies.
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Doyle, Don Richard Lau Tin-Man. "Canine design creating the modern dog park /." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Spring/master's/DOYLE_DON_7.pdf.

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Brodd, Louise. "Behavioural differences between and within retriever breeds." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Biologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-133200.

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The retriever breeds have the same origin and have long been used as a gundog for hunting of game, mostly birds. However, recently the retriever breeds have become a popular pet and show dog. This have affected the breeding of the dogs as the same traits are not bred for a gundog and a pet or show dog. Breeds as the Labrador retriever consists of a field- and common-type. The aim of this study is to investigate any differences between and within five of the retriever breeds in behaviours as retrieving, search and game reaction. 64 dogs undergoing the field trial Description of Function- Retriever was video recorded and scores from 430 dogs that have undergone field trials was obtained. Both differences between and within breeds were found when analysing both the videos and scores. In the video analysis, the Flatcoated retriever showed the most retrieving behaviours and was the most passive. The Nova scotia duck tolling retriever was in both the video and score analyses the most active breed. The Labrador retriever scored high in game reaction. The field- and mixed-types had almost always higher scores in behaviours linked to hunting, compared to the common-type. This supports findings that recent selection in breeding have a larger effect on behaviour than the origin uses of the dogs.
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Huitson, Niki Rae. "An exploratory analysis of the emergence and implications of Breed Specific Legislation: knee-jerk reaction or warranted response? /." Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2005. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2361.

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Alcaraz, Rodríguez Patricia [Verfasser]. "Molecular genetic analysis of haemophilia A and B in several dog breeds / Patricia Alcaraz Rodríguez." Hannover : Bibliothek der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1029606641/34.

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Knowler, S. P. "Characterisation of chiari-like malformation and secondary syringomyelia in selected toy dog breeds using magnetic resonance imaging." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2017. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844721/.

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Chiari-like Malformation (CM) and secondary Syringomyelia (SM) is a complex, debilitating abnormality which compromises the normal cerebrospinal fluid movement of the central nervous system culminating in the development of fluid-containing cavities within the spinal cord and associated with behavioural signs of pain and neurological deficits. The prevalence of asymptomatic CM dogs suggest that cerebellar indentation and impaction may be normal anatomical variations and unsuitable as a definition of CM. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) remains the definitive means of diagnosing CM/SM and a morphometric technique of quantifying CM and SM on mid-sagittal MRI has been successfully applied and validated in previous studies to a cohort of Griffon Bruxellois (GB) dogs with and without CM and a mixed breed GB family crossed with a mesaticephalic breed (Australian Terrier). Using a refined technique which took account of recent research findings, morphometries using a triangulation of circles, lines and angles were used to ‘map’ MRIs of the whole brain and cervical region in order to quantify the severity of the CM and SM phenotype in the Cavalier King Charles (CKCS). A further morphometric analysis was undertaken to explore brachycephaly and miniaturization as risk factors for CM and SM by comparing their impact in the CKCS, Affenpinscher and Chihuahua breeds. The collective framework of lines and angles generated a unique ‘signature’ for the dog, characterised by “concertina” type flexures demonstrating the combined nature of segregated traits towards the severity in the phenotype. Compared to controls, CKCS with CM pain are characterised by increased brachycephaly and airorhynchy, while significant traits for SM in the three dog breeds included those reported for the GB, suggesting a common aetiology. The characterisation of the CM phenotype provides the possibility of a diagnostic tool for veterinarians and means to assist breeders with mate selection to reduce symptomatic prevalence of CM/SM.
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Moioli, M. "APPEARANCE OF OSSIFICATION CENTERS OF THE LIMBS AND SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT IN NEWBORN TOY-DOG BREEDS: RADIOGRAPHIC, MORPHOMETRIC AND HISTOLOGICAL ANALYSIS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/233994.

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The study aims to find out the chronological appearance of the ossification centers of appendicular skeleton of newborn toy-breed dogs during the first month of life and to correlate the data obtained with morphometric measures of the skeleton by radiological and anatomical approach. Data obtained were implemented with bone mineral density (BMD) analysis of the long bones and histological and histochemical analysis of limbs bone sections, to evaluate and quantify the trends of the ossification process and the architectural changes of ossification centers. The study was carried out in 37 newborn toy-breed dogs <28 days old, spontaneously died for unrelated reasons with this study, divided into 4 groups on the basis of age (first week, second week, third week and fourth week). The forelimbs and the hind limbs have been evaluated by radiological and histological analysis. Long bones, cranial and body measurements, both radiological and anatomical, were taken and the BMD of radius and ulna and of os femoris was calculated. The results have been correlated through statistical analysis and compared with standard charts proposed by Literature in order to assess significant differences with medium and large breed dogs. The appearance of most of the ossification centers reflects the timing of ossification of medium and large breed dogs, however the behavior of some ossification centers changes and therefore might be considered typical of toy-dog breeds. Femoral length could be taken into consideration as a parameter to assess the developmental rate and the age of toy-breed dogs during the growing period, particularly in the first 4 weeks of age. Increasing BMD is highly correlated with increasing long bones length and seems to confirm the space-time relationship between BMD in canine newborn skeleton and in long bones growth. The radiological, histological and bone mineral density analysis and the correlations between long-bones length, skull diameters, age and body mass, might be currently appropriate to determine the skeletal age in newborn toy-dog breeds.
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Serres, Armero Aitor 1992. "Understanding dog breed copy number differences in the framework of gray wolf copy number variation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668662.

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L’estudi de la variació estructural complementa l’estudi de la variació de seqüència per revelar les complexitats de la variació fenotípica. Els gossos són l’espècie domesticada amb més variació fenotípica que existeix avui en dia, malgrat la seva baixa diversitat nucleotídica. Com a tal, estudiar sistemàticament la variació del nombre de còpies en un panell compost de més de 100 races de gossos, permet descobrir algunes de les bases d’aquesta diversitat fenotípica. En la recerca presentada en aquesta tesi, hem descrit un excés de variants estructurals en gossos si ho comparem amb el que s’esperaria segons la seva història genètica. Aquest fet podria explicar part de la seva variació morfomètrica, anatòmica i patològica. Per altra banda, l’estudi d’associació fenotípica que hem realitzat troba més de 90 variants de nombre de còpia associades a més de 10 fenotips, alguns dels quals desconeguts fins al moment. A més a més, hem trobat una correlació entre variants de nombre de còpia de baix efecte estadístic i altres variants genòmiques rellevants, com ara els patrons d’expressió d’ARN llargs no codificants o la presència de contactes de cromatina. El nostre estudi ha generat una gran quantitat d’hipòtesis que poden donar lloc a validacions funcionals posteriors.
The study of structural variation complements and synergizes with the study of sequence variation to unravel the intricacies of phenotypic variation. Dogs are the most phenotypically variable domesticated species existing today despite their remarkably low nucleotide diversity. As such, the systematized study of copy number variation in an extensive panel of over 100 dog breeds has the potential to unravel a fraction of the bases of phenotypic diversity which remain unexplored. This study finds an excess of structural variants in dogs compared to the expectation given their genetic history, which can potentially account for some of their morphometric, anatomical and pathological variance. Indeed, trait mapping finds over 90 copy number variants associated with more than 10 phenotypes, some of which were previously unknown or uncharacterized. Moreover, there is a correlation between low effect, associated copy number variants and other relevant genomic features such as the expression patterns of long non-coding RNA or the presence of long-range chromatin contacts. Our characterization of copy number variation in dogs has generated a wealth of hypotheses for further functional testing and validation.
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Comerford, Eithne Josephine. "Evaluation of extracellular matrix composition, metabolism, joint mechanics and joint conformation as potential predisposing factors of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in three dog breeds." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271882.

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Books on the topic "Dog breeds"

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Pál, Sárkány. Hungarian dog breeds. 2nd ed. Budapest: Corvina, 1986.

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Heather, Russell-Revesz, and Fornino Stephanie, eds. World atlas of dog breeds. 6th ed. Neptune City, NJ: T.F.H. Publications, 2009.

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D, D. Caroline Coile Ph. Encyclopedia of Dog Breeds. 2nd ed. Hauppauge, NY: Barron''s Educational Series, 2005.

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Coile, D. Caroline. Encyclopedia of dog breeds. Hauppauge, NY: Barron's Educational Series, 1998.

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Coile, D. Caroline. Encyclopedia of dog breeds. 2nd ed. Hauppauge, NY: Barron's Educational Series, 2005.

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Richard, Bryan. A Concise guide to dog breeds. Bath: Parragon, 2006.

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Larkin, Peter. The ultimate encyclopedia of dogs, dog breeds & dog care. [S.l.]: JG Press, 2007.

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Fields-Babineau, Miriam. Mixed breeds for dummies. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2007.

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Harper, Don. An identification guide to dog breeds. London: Eagle Editions, 1991.

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Desmond, Morris. Dogs: A dictionary of dog breeds. North Pomfret, Vt: Trafalgar Square Pub., 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Dog breeds"

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Vesey-FitzGerald, Brian. "the Breeds in Brief." In The Domestic Dog, 179–216. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032626390-9.

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Serpell, James A., and Deborah L. Duffy. "Dog Breeds and Their Behavior." In Domestic Dog Cognition and Behavior, 31–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-53994-7_2.

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Dimas, Antonios, Pyrros Koletsis, and Euripides G. M. Petrakis. "DOG I : An Annotation System for Images of Dog Breeds." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 410–17. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31295-3_48.

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"DOG BREEDS." In Breed Predispositions to Disease in Dogs and Cats, 17–224. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119225584.part1.

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"Dog Breeds." In Veterinary Medical Guide to Dog and Cat Breeds, 9. Teton NewMedia, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16185-3.

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D’Agaro, Edo, Andrea Favaro, and Davide Rosa. "Canine Genetics and Genomics." In Canine Genetics, Health and Medicine. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95781.

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In the past fifteen years, tremendous progress has been made in dog genomics. Several genetic aspects of cancer, heart disease, hip dysplasia, vision and hearing problems in dogs have been investigated and studied in detail. Genome-wide associative studies have made it possible to identify several genes associated with diseases, morphological and behavioral traits. The dog genome contains an extraordinary amount of genetic variability that distinguishes the different dog breeds. As a consequence of the selective programs, applied using stringent breed standards, each dog breed represents, today, a population isolated from the others. The availability of modern next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques and the identification of millions of single functional mutations (SNPs) has enabled us to obtain new and unknown detailed genomic data of the different breeds.
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van Rooy, Diane, and Claire M. Wade. "Behavioral Genetics of Dog Breeds." In Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior, 312–22. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-809633-8.90059-1.

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"Cat Breeds." In Veterinary Medical Guide to Dog and Cat Breeds, 493–94. Teton NewMedia, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16185-175.

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"Canaan Dog." In Veterinary Medical Guide to Dog and Cat Breeds, 127–28. Teton NewMedia, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16185-46.

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"CHAPTER 6 A Directory of Dog Breeds." In The Dog, 173–214. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/9781400889990-007.

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Conference papers on the topic "Dog breeds"

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Kumar, Rakesh, Manish Sharma, Kritika Dhawale, and Gaurav Singal. "Identification of Dog Breeds Using Deep Learning." In 2019 IEEE 9th International Conference on Advanced Computing (IACC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iacc48062.2019.8971604.

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Chyan, Phie. "Decision Support System for Selection of Dog Breeds." In 2018 International Seminar on Research of Information Technology and Intelligent Systems (ISRITI). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isriti.2018.8864327.

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Buzina, O. V. "DOG COCCIDIOSIS - PREVENTION AND TREATMENT." In DIGEST OF ARTICLES ALL-RUSSIAN (NATIONAL) SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE "CURRENT ISSUES OF VETERINARY MEDICINE: EDUCATION, SCIENCE, PRACTICE", DEDICATED TO THE 190TH ANNIVERSARY FROM THE BIRTH OF A.P. Stepanova. Publishing house of RGAU - MSHA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1853-9-2021-28.

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The factors influencing the incidence of coccidiosis in puppies, treatment regimens and the use of auxiliary drugs are considered. The most effective treatment regimen and preventive measures against coccidiosis in puppies of different breeds have been determined.
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Ye, Jianxin, Zeqiao Huang, Yihao Wang, and Jinming Chen. "Fine Grain Classification of Dog Breeds Based on HERBS Method." In 2023 IEEE International Conference on Electrical, Automation and Computer Engineering (ICEACE). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceace60673.2023.10441854.

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"750. Genome-wide association study for ectopic ureter in three dog breeds." In World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-940-4_750.

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Mendoza-Montoya, Javier, Flavio Abel Yancapallo Cuarite, Gustavo Walther Paredes Quispe, and Antonio Arroyo Paz. "Searching lost dog by breeds sorting using computer vision and deep neural networks." In 2023 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies on Education & Research (ICALTER). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icalter61411.2023.10372918.

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Hebdon, Nicholas, and Lindsay Waldrop. "SLEUTHING FOR SCENTS: DOG BREEDS, WOLVES AND THE CURIOUS CASE OF HUMAN DRIVEN SELECTION." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-383876.

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Erjavec, Vladimira, and Alenka Nemec Svete. "Selected Parameters of Venous Blood Gas Analysis in Brachycephalic Dogs with Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome before and after Surgical Treatment." In Socratic lectures 6. University of Ljubljana Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55295/psl.2021.d.001.

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Brachycephalic dog breeds, such as Pug, English and French Bulldogs and Boston Terrier belong to a group of breeds characterized by a severe shortening of the muzzle and thus the underlying bones, as well as a more modest shortening and widening of the skull. These breeds are prone to a conformation-related disorder known as brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS). Among consequences of the upper airway abnormalities is not only hypoxia, but also redued clearance of carbon dioxide. The aim of the present study was to evaluate selected parameters (pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, bicarbonate concentration and base excess) of venous blood gas analysis in brachycephalic dogs with BOAS before and one month after surgical treatment of BOAS. Sixty-two BOAS patients with different severity grades of BOAS were enrolled in the study. Patients were classified as grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3 based on the decrease in the radius of the airway at the level of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx, and larynx after soft palate surgery. Contrary to our expectations, surgical treatment had no effect on selected venous blood gas parameters in any of the grades of BOAS. However, selected venous blood gas parameters deviated from the normal range before and after surgical treatment, indicating respiratory acidosis in our BOAS patients. Based on the results we may conclude that venous blood gas analysis could help in assessing the health status of brachycephalic dogs with BOAS.
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Erjavec, Vladimira, and Alenka Nemec Svete. "Brachycephalic Dogs with Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome Have Increased Variability in Red Blood Cell Size." In Socratic Lectures 7. University of Lubljana Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55295/psl.2022.d8.

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Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) is a conformation-related respiratory disorder of dog breeds with congenitally flattened facial and skull anatomy. BOAS is characterized by chronic shortness of breath and subsequent difficulty in exercising, a tendency to overheat, increased and abnormal respiratory noise, and low oxygen levels. The aim of our retrospective study was to inves-tigate the level of red blood cell distribution width (RDW), a biomarker of chronic hypoxemia, in groups of BOAS patients with different degrees of BOAS and a group of healthy non-brachycephalic dogs. Red blood cell distribution width provides information on the variability in the red blood cell volume. It is a simple and inexpensive variable included in the complete blood count report. Seventy-two BOAS patients and 24 non-brachycephalic dogs were included in this retrospective study. Pa-tients with BOAS were classified into grade 1 (13 dogs), grade 2 (27 dogs), and grade 3 (32 dogs) according to the severity of the disease. In our study, a significantly (p < 0.05) higher RDW was found in all groups of BOAS patients compared to the non-brachycephalic dog group. However, we found no significant difference in RDW between the groups of BOAS patients. Thus, we may conclude that BOAS patients have increased variability in the size of red blood cells compared with healthy non-brachycephalic dogs. Our results warrant further studies to determine the potential utility of RDW in BOAS and to clarify the role of RDW in BOAS patients in relation to the severity of BOAS and cardiovascular risk. Keywords: Brachycephaly; Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome; Dogs; Haematology; Erythrocytes; Red blood cell distribution width
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Žgank, Žiga, Alenka Nemec Svete, and Vladimira Erjavec. "Blood Lactate, Body Temperature and Heart Rate During Submaximal Exercise in Dogs with Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome: A Preliminary Study." In Socratic lectures 6. University of Ljubljana Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55295/psl.2021.d.002.

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The aim of the present preliminary study was to investigate how submaximal exercise affects blood lactate (BL) concentrations, body temperature (BT) and heart rate (HR) in dogs with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS). Seven dogs with BOAS grade 2/3 and 3/3 were subjected to submaximal exercise on a treadmill. Each dog was subjected to training session that began with a 5-minute walk at a speed of 2.5 km/h and an incline of 0% and continued with a 5-minute walk at a speed of 2.5 km/h and at an incline of 5%. Heart rate, BT, and BL concentrations were measured before the start (T1), every 5 minutes during the test (T2, T3) and after 15 and 30 minutes of rest (T4, T5). Blood lactate concentrations at T3 and T5 were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than concentrations at T1. Heart rate and BT values at T2 and T3 were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than values at T1. Submaximal exercise resulted in a significant decrease in BL concentrations and a significant increase in BT and HR in dogs with BOAS. The results of this preliminary study can give us additional information about the severity of BOAS; however, further studies are needed to gain better insight into the physiological response of BOAS patients of individual breeds to submaximal exercise testing.
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Reports on the topic "Dog breeds"

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Wilke, Vicki L., Brian P. Kinghorn, Mike G. Conzemius, and Max F. Rothschild. Determining the Genetic Basis for Knee Disease in the Newfoundland Breed of Dog. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-87.

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Chong, Alberto E., and César Calderón. Do Democracies Breed Rent-Seeking Behavior? Inter-American Development Bank, June 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010844.

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Using objective institutional historical data we test the link between extent, duration, and transparency in democracies and rent-seeking behavior using time-series and panel data approaches. In this paper we focus on the case of Uruguay, an ethnically homogeneous country. We find three main results. First, democratic regimes are negatively linked with rent-seeking actions. Second, the longer the duration of democracy, the less rent-seeking in a society. Third, legislation enacted more transparently is negatively correlated with rent-seeking behavior. Our results are robust to the use of different econometric methods and basic robustness tests and are consistent with prevailing theory.
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Kugler, Adriana, Maurice Kugler, and Luis Omar Herrera Prada. Do Payroll Tax Breaks Stimulate Formality? Evidence from Colombia’s Reform. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23308.

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Velasques de Paula Machado, Fabiana. Does Inequality Breed Altruism or Selfishness? Gauging Individuals' Predispositions towards Redistributive Schemes. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011378.

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While decreasing inequality is generally considered desirable, and there is a growing understanding of which policies do and do not promote equality, much less is known regarding why these policies are adopted to varying degrees of intensity in different times and places. To explain this variation, the constituencies for different policies under various conditions must be identified. This paper explores that question using Brazilian public opinion data on preferences regarding taxation, conditional cash transfers, pension schemes and educations. It is found that disagreement across socio-economic groups arises on how government should address inequality rather than whether it should do so. While poorer respondents support cash transfers more than the rich, the rich are more likely than the poor to support expenditures on public education. Contrary to what is commonly assumed, inequality seems to breed altruism among the rich regarding the quintessential poverty reduction scheme of conditional cash transfers.
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Kerem, Zohar, Yael Vodovotz, David Bonfil, Steven J. Schwartz, and Mark Failla. Do Saponins Present in Model Systems and Legume Bread Modulate Cholesterol Absorption in vitro and in vivo? United States Department of Agriculture, August 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7592656.bard.

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No abstract. The overall general goal of the research project was to provide evidence for the beneficial biological activity of saponins from edible legumes, and to incorporate them into bread hat will become a functional food. Its functionality is in its ability to attenuate the absorption of dietary lipids and cholesterol.
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Toro, Jorge, ed. Educación financiera: evidencia de Colombia en un entorno de alta inflación. Banco de la República, May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/blog14052024.

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Un trabajo publicado recientemente en la serie Borradores de Economía No 1267 analiza algunos aspectos acerca de la educación económica y financiera en Colombia utilizando una encuesta que sigue la metodología conocida como las tres grandes preguntas (en inglés, the Big Three). El conjunto de tres preguntas incluye dos primeras que abordan el tema del interés compuesto y la inflación, mientras que la última pregunta evalúa el conocimiento sobre la diversificación del riesgo en la toma de decisiones de inversión. Las preguntas se caracterizan por ser simples, breves y concisas y por no requerir de un determinado nivel de familiaridad con las matemáticas de los encuestados.
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Quijano, José Manuel, Sebastián Sáez, Enrique Avogadro, William A. Dymond, Carlos Alva V., Andrés Langebaek, Laura Ritchie Dawson, et al. El proceso de formulación de la política comercial: Nivel uno de un juego de dos niveles: Estudios de países en el Hemisferio Occidental. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009446.

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Esta publicación constituye un informe de los resultados del proyecto sobre la formulación de políticas de comercio en ocho países del Hemisferio Occidental, realizado en forma conjunta por el INTAL e ITD del BID, el Munk Centre for International Studies de la Universidad de Toronto y el Inter-American Dialogue. El proyecto se enfoca sobre la cuestión de cuál sería la forma más adecuada para la participación de los actores no estatales en la formulación de políticas de comercio nacionales y las agendas de negociación. A comienzos de 2001, analistas de Argentina, Brasil, Canadá, Chile, Colombia, Estados Unidos, México y Uruguay fueron invitados a preparar ensayos breves que describieran el proceso de formulación de políticas comerciales en sus respectivos países -con énfasis particular en la naturaleza y la estructura de los mecanismos de consulta con los grupos privados. Dichos documentos fueron presentados en un taller en el BID el 15 de junio de ese año, con los autores y un pequeño grupo de comentaristas externos y, posteriormente, fueron revisados para reflejar la discusión. Las conclusiones principales del ejercicio completo se presentan en el prefacio preparado por la Sra. Sylvia Ostry, del Munk Centre, directora del proyecto.
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Dueker, Michael J., and Apostolos Serletis. Do Real Exchange Rates Have Autoregressive Unit Roots? A test under the Alternative of Long Memory and Breaks. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/wp.2000.016.

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Petersen, Karen Bjerg, and Frans Ørsted Andersen. Fulton-projektet. Forskningsrapport. Aarhus University Library, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/aul.424.

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Denne rapport, hvis målgruppe er den brede offentlighed med et særligt blik for personale i det pædagogiske område, gør rede for Fulton følgeforskningen og dens resultater i perioden fra 2017 til 2021. Selve Fulton-projektet blev igangsat i 2017 som et samarbejde mellem Fulton Fonden, Esbjerg Kommune og Lauritzen Fonden med henblik på at give udsatte unge i Esbjerg Kommune en mulighed for at komme ud af deres daglige omgivelser og problemstillinger ved at få et ophold på skonnerten Fulton og indgå i skibets daglige aktiviteter. Hensigten med Fulton-projektet er først og fremmest at få udsatte unge i Esbjerg Kommune ”tilbage på ret køl”. Afhængig af den enkelte unges forudsætninger, har de unge gennem kortere og/eller længevarende ophold på skonnerten Fulton skullet indgå på lige fod med skipper og den øvrige besætning i de daglige aktiviteter, der er forbundet med skonnerten Fultons sejladser i de danske farvande. Dette skal dog ses i sammenhæng med at Fulton samtidig afspejler den klassiske hierarkiske kultur, der altid har været på sejlskibe, og som kan ses som nødvendig for at skibet overhovedet kan sejle sikkerhedsmæssigt forsvarligt.
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Weil, Clifford F., Anne B. Britt, and Avraham Levy. Nonhomologous DNA End-Joining in Plants: Genes and Mechanisms. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7585194.bard.

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Repair of DNA breaks is an essential function in plant cells as well as a crucial step in addition of modified DNA to plant cells. In addition, our inability to introduce modified DNA to its appropriate locus in the plant genome remains an important hurdle in genetically engineering crop species.We have taken a combined forward and reverse genetics approach to examining DNA double strand break repair in plants, focusing primarily on nonhomologous DNA end-joining. The forward approach utilizes a gamma-plantlet assay (miniature plants that are metabolically active but do not undergo cell division, due to cell cycle arrest) and has resulted in identification of five Arabidopsis mutants, including a new one defective in the homolog of the yeast RAD10 gene. The reverse genetics approach has identified knockouts of the Arabidopsis homologs for Ku80, DNA ligase 4 and Rad54 (one gene in what proves to be a gene family involved in DNA repair as well as chromatin remodeling and gene silencing)). All these mutants have phenotypic defects in DNA repair but are otherwise healthy and fertile. Additional PCR based screens are in progress to find knockouts of Ku70, Rad50, and Mre11, among others. Two DNA end-joining assays have been developed to further our screens and our ability to test candidate genes. One of these involves recovering linearized plasmids that have been added to and then rejoined in plant cells; plasmids are either recovered directly or transformed into E. coli and recovered. The products recovered from various mutant lines are then compared. The other assay involves using plant transposon excision to create DNA breaks in yeast cells and then uses the yeast cell as a system to examine those genes involved in the repair and to screen plant genes that might be involved as well. This award supported three graduate students, one in Israel and two in the U.S., as well as a technician in the U.S., and is ultimately expected to result directly in five publications and one Masters thesis.
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