Academic literature on the topic 'Domain display'
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Journal articles on the topic "Domain display"
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Kroft, Paul, and Christopher D. Wickens. "Displaying multi-domain graphical databases." Information Design Journal 11, no. 1 (2003): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/idj.11.1.06kro.
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Display designers are often given the challenge of placing a large amount of information within a limited amount of display ‘real estate’. One possible solution to the problem is combining databases of information pertaining to the same spatial area into one, integrated display, reducing the amount of scanning required and allowing information to be presented in a larger display. On the other hand, integration will also increase the clutter of the displays. The effects of clutter may be mitigated through the use of decluttering techniques, but some of these solutions may require additional user interactivity. In the experiment, student pilots used six display configurations to answer multiple choice questions about the current airspace situation. Two databases, a navigation database and an air hazard database, were presented in each display. In addition, the type of question (focused or divided attention) was manipulated to assess the effects of the task on display performance. Responses were faster when the databases were integrated than separated, particularly when questions required integration across both databases, where accuracy also was greater. These results suggest that the combined benefits of reduced scanning and larger display size outweigh the costs of clutter. Interaction of any sort imposed a time cost, which was greatest when the questions involved both databases.
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Bennett, Kevin B., and John M. Flach. "Graphical Displays: Implications for Divided Attention, Focused Attention, and Problem Solving." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 34, no. 5 (1992): 513–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001872089203400502.
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When completing tasks in complex, dynamic domains observers must consider the relationships among many variables (e.g., integrated tasks) as well as the values of individual variables (e.g., focused tasks). A critical issue in display design is whether or not a single display format can achieve the dual design goals of supporting performance at both types of tasks. We consider this issue from a variety of perspectives. One relevant perspective is the basic research on attention and object perception, which concentrates on the interaction between visual features and processing capabilities. The principles of configurality are discussed, with the conclusion that they support the possibility of achieving the dual design goals. These considerations are necessary but not sufficient for effective display design. Graphic displays map information from a domain into visual features; the tasks to be completed are defined in terms of the domain, not in terms of the visual features alone. The implications of this subtle but extremely important difference are discussed. The laboratory research investigating alternative display formats is reviewed. Much like the attention literature, the results do not rule out the possibility that the dual design goals can be achieved.
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McCann, Robert S., Jeannie Lynch, David C. Foyle, and James C. Johnston. "Modelling Attentional Effects with Head-up Displays." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 37, no. 19 (1993): 1345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/107118193784162218.
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Previous research (McCann, Foyle, & Johnston, 1993) has shown that in a simulated approach to a runway, performance of a choice reaction time task is faster when all relevant information is available on the HUD or in the world, compared to when information has to be acquired from both domains. The present experiment tested two attentional models of these results: attention switching and attention sharing. Removing differential motion cues from the display, so that both the HUD and the world were motionless, attenuated the domain effect. The attenuated difference reflected both slower responses on within-domain trials and faster responses on between-domain trials. We conclude that performance with Head-Up Displays is affected by both attention switching and the degree to which attention is shared between domains.
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Wickens, Christopher D. "The When and How of Using 2-D and 3-D Displays for Operational Tasks." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 21 (2000): 3–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004402107.
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Three different cannonical viewpoints into a 3D domain are defined to create a taxonomy of 3D displays. We then show how the information processing demands of each display viewpoint, provides benefits and or imposes costs on four categories of tasks, involving travel, image matching or situation awareness, visual search, and precise judgments. These task-display interactions are illustrated from experiments in aviation display design, battlefield judgments, and data visualization. Conclusions are offered regarding two possible ways of addressing the task-display interactions in design.
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Lee, Chang-Ju, Jong Kang Park, Han-Eol Seo, Junho Huh, and Jung-Hoon Chun. "Fully Differential Touch Screen Controller with Wide Input Dynamic Range for Thin Displays." Sensors 20, no. 3 (2020): 837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20030837.
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As today’s smartphone displays become thinner, the coupling capacitance between the display electrodes and touch screen panel (TSP) electrodes is increasing significantly. The increased capacitance easily introduces time-varying display signals into the TSP, deteriorating the touch performance. In this research, we demonstrate that the maximum peak display noise in the time domain is approximately 30% of the maximum voltage difference of the display grayscale through analysis of the structure and operation of displays. Then, to mitigate display noise, we propose a circuit solution that uses a fully differential charge amplifier with an input dynamic range wider than the maximum peak of the display noise. A test chip was fabricated using a 0.35 μm CMOS process and achieved a signal-to-noise ratio of 41 dB for a 6-mm-diameter metal pillar touch when display pulses with 5-V swing were driven at 100 kHz.
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Mummadi, Srinivas R., and Raghavendra Mishra. "Effectiveness of provider price display in computerized physician order entry (CPOE) on healthcare quality: a systematic review." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 25, no. 9 (2018): 1228–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocy076.
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Abstract Objective To study the association between Electronic Health Record (EHR)/Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) provider price display, and domains of healthcare quality (efficiency, effective care, patient centered care, patient safety, equitable care, and timeliness of care). Methods Randomized and non-randomized studies assessing the relationship between healthcare quality domains and EHR/CPOE provider price display published between 1/1/1980 to 2/1/2018 were included. MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Embase were searched. Assessment of internal validity of the included studies was performed with a modified Downs-Black checklist. Results Screening of 1118 abstracts was performed resulting in selection of 41 manuscripts for full length review. A total of 13 studies were included in the final analysis. Thirteen studies reported on efficiency domain, one on effectiveness and one on patient safety. Studies assessing relationship between provider price display and patient centered, equitable and timely care domains were not retrieved. Quality of the studies varied widely (Range 6-12 out of a maximum possible score of 13). Provider price display in electronic health record environment did not consistently influence domains of healthcare quality such as efficiency, effectiveness and patient safety. Conclusions Published evidence suggests that price display tools aimed at ordering providers in EHR/CPOE do not influence the efficiency domain of healthcare quality. Scant published evidence suggests that they do not influence the effectiveness and patient safety domains of healthcare quality. Future studies are needed to assess the relationship between provider price display and unexplored domains of healthcare quality (patient centered, equitable, and timely care). Registration PROSPERO registration: CRD42018082227
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Del Fiol, Guilherme, Jorie Butler, Yarden Livnat, et al. "Feasibility of population health analytics and data visualization for decision support in the infectious diseases domain." Applied Clinical Informatics 07, no. 02 (2016): 604–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2015-12-ra-0182.
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SummaryBig data or population-based information has the potential to reduce uncertainty in medicine by informing clinicians about individual patient care. The objectives of this study were: 1) to explore the feasibility of extracting and displaying population-based information from an actual clinical population’s database records, 2) to explore specific design features for improving population display, 3) to explore perceptions of population information displays, and 4) to explore the impact of population information display on cognitive outcomes.We used the Veteran’s Affairs (VA) database to identify similar complex patients based on a similar complex patient case. Study outcomes measures were 1) preferences for population information display 2) time looking at the population display, 3) time to read the chart, and 4) appropriateness of plans with pre-and post-presentation of population data. Finally, we redesigned the population information display based on our findings from this study.The qualitative data analysis for preferences of population information display resulted in four themes: 1) trusting the big/population data can be an issue, 2) embedded analytics is necessary to explore patient similarities, 3) need for tools to control the view (overview, zoom and filter), and 4) different presentations of the population display can be beneficial to improve the display. We found that appropriateness of plans was at 60% for both groups (t9=-1.9; p=0.08), and overall time looking at the population information display was 2.3 minutes versus 3.6 minutes with experts processing information faster than non-experts (t8= -2.3, p=0.04).A population database has great potential for reducing complexity and uncertainty in medicine to improve clinical care. The preferences identified for the population information display will guide future health information technology system designers for better and more intuitive display.
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Hughes, Darren L., Prachi Stafford, Samir W. Hamaia та ін. "Platelet integrin α2 I-domain specific antibodies produced via domain specific DNA vaccination combined with variable gene phage display". Thrombosis and Haemostasis 94, № 12 (2005): 1318–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th05-06-0410.
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SummaryAntibodies are a powerful tool for structure/function studies of platelet proteins. However, classic immunisation frequently elicits antibody responses against domains of minor functional interest. Robust strategies to generate antibodies against defined domains would be of significant interest in post-genome research. In this study, we report a new strategy using a combination of DNA vaccination and V gene phage display that allows the rapid generation of domain specific single-chain Fv antibodies (scFvs).This system was validated using the I-domain of α2 integrin as a model. The α2β1 integrin, which is expressed on many cell types, is the dominant collagen attachment receptor on platelets, functioning in close interplay with the collagen signalling receptor glycoproteinVI. A novel set of I-domain specific antibodies was obtained by a DNA vaccination/V gene repertoire cloning approach. Mice were first immunized with a DNA vaccine in which the α2 I-domain is expressed as a fusion protein with fragment C of tetanus toxoid (FrC-TT).Then the heavy and kappa light chain variable gene repertoires were rescued from immune splenocytes using antibody phage display. A total of four α2 I-domain specific scFvs were isolated by selection on recombinant I-domain or native platelet α2β1 integrin. Characterisation of the scFvs indicated that they recognised distinct epitopes that had profound differences in accessibility between native and recombinant I-domain. Our data suggest DNA immunisation and phage display represent versatile alternatives to protein immunisation and hybridoma-fusion techniques for the isolation of recombinant antibody reagents. This approach will be particularly useful for the generation of domain or splicevariant specific antibodies that recognise native protein.
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Reed, Charlotte M., William M. Rabinowitz, Nathaniel I. Durlach, et al. "Analytic Study of the Tadoma Method." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 35, no. 2 (1992): 450–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3502.450.
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Although results obtained with the Tadoma method of speechreading have set a new standard for tactual speech communication, they are nevertheless inferior to those obtained in the normal auditory domain. Speech reception through Tadoma is comparable to that of normal-hearing subjects listening to speech under adverse conditions corresponding to a speech-to-noise ratio of roughly 0 dB. The goal of the current study was to demonstrate improvements to speech reception through Tadoma through the use of supplementary tactual information, thus leading to a new standard of performance in the tactual domain. Three supplementary tactual displays were investigated: (a) an articulatory-based display of tongue contact with the hard palate; (b) a multichannel display of the short-term speech spectrum; and (c) tactual reception of Cued Speech. The ability of laboratory-trained subjects to discriminate pairs of speech segments that are highly confused through Tadoma was studied for each of these augmental displays. Generally, discrimination tests were conducted for Tadoma alone, the supplementary display alone, and Tadoma combined with the supplementary tactual display. The results indicated that the tongue-palate contact display was an effective supplement to Tadoma for improving discrimination of consonants, but that neither the tongue-palate contact display nor the short-term spectral display was highly effective in improving vowel discriminability. For both vowel and consonant stimulus pairs, discriminability was nearly perfect for the tactual reception of the manual cues associated with Cued Speech. Further experiments on the identification of speech segments were conducted for Tadoma combined with Cued Speech. The observed data for both discrimination and identification experiments are compared with the predictions of models of integration of information from separate sources.
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Yeh, Michelle, James L. Merlo, Christopher D. Wickens, and David L. Brandenburg. "Head Up versus Head Down: The Costs of Imprecision, Unreliability, and Visual Clutter on Cue Effectiveness for Display Signaling." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 45, no. 3 (2003): 390–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/hfes.45.3.390.27249.
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We conducted 2 experiments to investigate the clutter-scan trade-off between the cost of increasing clutter by overlaying complex information onto the forward field of view using a helmet-mounted display (HMD) and the cost of scanning when presenting this information on a handheld display. In the first experiment, this tradeoff was examined in terms of the spatial accuracy of target cuing data in a relatively sparse display; in the second, the spatial accuracy of the cue was varied more radically in an information-rich display. Participants were asked to detect and identify targets hidden in the far domain while performing a monitoring task in the near domain using either an HMD or a handheld display. The results revealed that on a sparse display, the reduced scanning from the HMD presentation of cuing outweighed the costs of clutter for cued targets, regardless of cue precision, but no benefit was found for uncued targets. When the HMD displayed task-irrelevant information, however, target detection was hindered by the extraneous clutter in the forward field of view relative to the handheld display condition, and this cost of clutter increased as the amount of data that needed to be inspected increased. Potential applications of this research include the development of design considerations for head-up displays for aviation and military applications.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Domain display"
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Even, Klervi. "Développement d' outils innovants pour le diagnostic et la découverte de cibles dans le cancer du sein." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4019/document.
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Au cours de sa vie, 1 femme sur 9 sera atteinte du cancer du sein, 1 sur 27 sera emportée par cette maladie et 10 à 15 % des patientes développeront des métastases dans les trois années suivant le diagnostic. Le diagnostic précis et personnalisé du cancer du sein ainsi que l'évaluation de son potentiel métastatique est donc un enjeu majeur. Une analyse plus précise des caractéristiques moléculaires d'une tumeur primaire devrait conduire à une médecine personnalisée, un traitement et un suivi plus efficace. La détection de biomarqueurs sériques serait un moyen de diagnostiquer un cancer métastatique. Dans le but de découvrir de nouveaux marqueurs, l'analyse protéomique d'échantillons de patient a un fort potentiel mais souffre de limitations techniques, incluant le manque d'anticorps stables reconnaissant des marqueurs tumoraux d'intérêt. Par l'utilisation de fragments d'anticorps aux propriétés remarquables nommé single domain antibody (sdAb), et grâce à la mise au point d'une stratégie innovante de phages display, ce travail apporte d'importantes réponses en termes de disponibilité d'anticorps, d'analyse spécifique d'échantillon et de découverte de nouvelles cibles. Nous avons élaboré une stratégie permettant la découverte de biomarqueurs et l'isolement des anticorps correspondants. Après la construction de banques de sdAb à partir de lamas immunisés par des biopsies, une nouvelles stratégie de sélection in vitro par phage display, la sélection masquée, nous a permis d'isoler des anticorps spécifiques du cancer du sein<br>In a lifetime, 1 in 9 women will develop breast cancer, 1 of 27 will be swept away by the disease and from 10 to 15% of patients will develop metastases within three years of diagnosis. Accurate and personalized diagnosis of breast cancer and the detection of its metastatic potential is a major challenge. It is essential to develop new analytical methods allowing an effective monitoring of breast cancer. A closer analysis of the molecular characteristics of a primary tumor should lead to more effective personalized medicine, treatment and monitoring. The efficient detection of serum biomarkers would be a way to diagnose metastatic cancer and to modify treatment based on these results. Toward this goal, the proteomic analysis of patient samples has great potential but suffers from technical limitations, including the lack of a wide variety of antibodies and tumor marker. By the use of innovative antibody fragments with remarkable properties named single domain antibody (sdAb), and through the development of a new innovative strategy of phage display, this work provides important answers in terms of availability of antibody, specific proteomic analysis of sample and new target discovery. We have developed a strategy allowing the simultaneous discovery of new biomarkers and the isolation of corresponding antibodies. After the construction of sdAb libraries from llamas immunized with biopsies, and using a new in vitro selection strategy by phage display named masked selection, we have isolated breast cancer-specific antibodies
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Nilvebrant, Johan. "An albumin-binding domain as a scaffold for bispecific affinity proteins." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Proteomik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-105425.
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Protein engineering and in vitro selection systems are powerful methods to generate binding proteins. In nature, antibodies are the primary affinity proteins and their usefulness has led to a widespread use both in basic and applied research. By means of combinatorial protein engineering and protein library technology, smaller antibody fragments or alternative non-immunoglobulin protein scaffolds can be engineered for various functions based on molecular recognition. In this thesis, a 46 amino acid small albumin-binding domain derived from streptococcal protein G was evaluated as a scaffold for the generation of affinity proteins. Using protein engineering, the albumin binding has been complemented with a new binding interface localized to the opposite surface of this three-helical bundle domain. By using in vitro selection from a combinatorial library, bispecific protein domains with ability to recognize several different target proteins were generated. In paper I, a bispecific albumin-binding domain was selected by phage display and utilized as a purification tag for highly efficient affinity purification of fusion proteins. The results in paper II show how protein engineering, in vitro display and multi-parameter fluorescence-activated cell sorting can be used to accomplish the challenging task of incorporating two high affinity binding-sites, for albumin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, into this new bispecific protein scaffold. Moreover, the native ability of this domain to bind serum albumin provides a useful characteristic that can be used to extend the plasma half-lives of proteins fused to it or potentially of the domain itself. When combined with a second targeting ability, a new molecular format with potential use in therapeutic applications is provided. The engineered binding proteins generated against the epidermal growth factor receptors 2 and 3 in papers III and IV are aimed in this direction. Over-expression of these receptors is associated with the development and progression of various cancers, and both are well-validated targets for therapy. Small bispecific binding proteins based on the albumin-binding domain could potentially contribute to this field. The new alternative protein scaffold described in this thesis is one of the smallest structured affinity proteins reported. The bispecific nature, with an inherent ability of the same domain to bind to serum albumin, is unique for this scaffold. These non-immunoglobulin binding proteins may provide several advantages as compared to antibodies in several applications, particularly when a small size and an extended half-life are of key importance.<br><p>QC 20121122</p>
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Keklikian, Artine. "Construction of a Synthetic Human VL Phage Display Library and Isolation of Potential Neuropilin-1-specific VL Therapeutics from the Library." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20197.
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Antibody phage display technology mimics the natural immune system, and has been widely used for rapid isolation of single-domain antibodies (sdAbs) with various binding specificities and affinities in the micromolar to low nanomolar range. SdAbs are the variable regions of immunoglobulins (e.g., VH, VL, VHH) and serve as potential probes with therapeutic value. The small size, high solubility, high expression and stability, and high specificity and affinity for the cognate antigen, make sdAbs ideal in improving drug delivery and the overall therapeutic value of antibodies. The main objective of this thesis was to construct a large VL phage display library (~1010 diversity); analyze it via sequence analysis, and to subtractively pan the library for isolation of Neuropilin-1 (NRP1)-specific VLs. Neuropilin-1 (NRP1), a cell-surface receptor for both vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and class 3 Semaphorins (Sema3A), contributes to neuron cell death through its interaction with Sema3A in stroke patients. Disruption of this NRP1-Sema3A interaction would allow for axonal outgrowth and neuron regeneration in the area of the brain affected by stroke. Construction of the synthetic phage antibody library utilized a single VL framework with selected positions in the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) targeted for randomization in vitro using synthetic oligonucleotides that introduced sequence degeneracy. Specific VLs were then selected from the repertoire through subtractive panning against a cell line endogenously expressing NRP1 (PC12) as well as a negative cell line that does not express NRP1 (HEK293) with competitive elution carried out using a synthetic Sema3A-derived peptide. Fifteen VL clones were isolated, cloned in E. coli, expressed and purified, and of these, nine were determined to be non-aggregating by size exclusion chromatography. Further studies will determine the potential therapeutic use of these VL sdAbs as agents in recovery from stroke and neuron degeneration.
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Nevoltris, Damien. "Développement des ligands pour l' étude des récepteurs GPCR, Tyrosine Kinase, basée sur l' utilisation de simple domaine d' anticorps de lamas." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4063.
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La recherche de nouvelles molécules à visée thérapeutique ou diagnostic ciblant les récepteurs membranaires incluant les RCPGs, les récepteurs à tyrosine kinase et les canaux ioniques sont au coeur des recherches investies par les entreprises pharmaceutiques. Dans ce projet nous avons étudié et caractérisé des domaines variables de chaîne lourde d'anticorps de lamas (sdAbs) qui peuvent contourner certaines limites liées à l'utilisation des anticorps monoclonaux ou des petites molécules. En effet, de par leurs particularités structurales qui les rendent particulièrement intéressants en termes de stabilité, d'affinité et de reconnaissance d'antigène, les sdAbs représentent etre une alternative prométeuse. Dans ce manuscrit sont exposés les travaux effectués sur les récepteurs aux tyrosines kinases appartenant à la famille des ErbBs et les récepteurs au glutamate mGluRs (RCPG). En plus d'avoir sélectionné des sdAbs hautement spécifiques de ces différents antigènes, ces molécules ont également montré des caractéristiques très étonnantes et inattendues. En effet, la majeure partie des sdAbs sélectionnés présentent une spécificité pour une conformation du récepteur particulière (forme active ou inactive). Cette particularité très pertinente nous ouvre un spectre d'application très diversifié, car elle permet de cibler et d'analyser les récepteurs dans ces différents états d'activation. Ajouté à cela, certains sdAbs possèdent une activité de modulateur allostérique, voir même présentent un effet agoniste. Ces résultats très encourageants nous ouvrent de nouvelles perspectives, et ces molécules représentent une nouvelle approche pour la modulation et l'étude des ces récepteurs<br>The research for new therapeutic or diagnostic molecules targeting membrane receptors, including GPCRs, tyrosine kinase receptors and ion channels are the heart of the research invested by pharmaceutical companies. In this project we used the variable domain of llama antibody heavy chain also called single domain antibodies (sdAbs) that can bypass some limitations to the use of monoclonal antibodies or small molecules. Indeed, because of their structural features that make them particularly interesting in terms of stability, affinity and antigen recognition, sdAbs represent a very promising candidates that can be used in various fiels of application: as fluorescent probes , screening tools , or therapeutic molecules. In this manuscript are exposed the work performed on the tyrosine kinases receptor belonging to the ErbBs family and metabotropic glutamate receptors, mGluRs (GPCRs).We selected very highly specific sdAbs directed against antigen of interest, but these molecules have also shown very surprising and unexpected particularities. Indeed, most of the selected sdAbs exhibit specificity for a particular conformation of the receptor (active or inactive form). This very relevant feature opens an highly diversified application spectrum, because it allows to identify and analyze these receptors in different states of activation. Added to this, some sdAbs present an allosteric modulator activity, or even present an agonist effect. These encouraging results open up new perspectives, and these molecules represent a new approach for modulation and study of these membrane receptors
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Dooley, Helen. "Characterisation of single domain antibody fragments from the nurse shark Ginglymostoma cirratum, using phage display." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=219953.
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Hjelm, Linnea. "Selection of affibody and domain antibody binders to the Binding Region (BR) domain of theadhesion protein PsrP of Streptococcus pneumoniae." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för bioteknologi (BIO), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215246.
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White, Railey. "Selection of a Non-Phosphorylated Peptide Inhibitor of BRCA1’s (BRCT)2 Domain." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/585.
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A growing body of literature suggests Breast Cancer-Associated Protein 1 (BRCA1) is important not only as a cause, but also as a target in the quest for cancer treatment. BRCA1 deficient cells treated with radiation as well as PARP inhibitors and other chemotherapeutics demonstrate a greater sensitivity than cells with wild type BRCA1. Inhibitors of BRCA1 would take advantage of this synthetic lethality and represent a significant advance in cancer treatment as well as an understanding of the biology of DNA repair. Despite significant study of BRCA1 protein and function, it is a large protein (220 KDa) that is still largely uncharacterized, but its N- and C-terminal domains have been described by significant structural data. The BRCT (BRCA1 C-Terminal) Domain is a phosphoprotein binding domain that is commonly mutated or lost in cancers and has a binding cleft seemingly very suitable for drug design. Small molecule screens have been conducted against this domain, but the resulting hits with moderate affinity have not been shown to induce BRCA1 deficient phenotypes. Phosphopeptides have also been studied as potential BRCA1 inhibitors, yet despite some having affinities in the mid-nanomolar range the presence of a phosphate is not without its pharmacologic challenges. We generated an mRNA display library with 1.3 x 10^13 cyclized peptides covalently attached to the mRNA that encoded them. Eight rounds of selection exposing the library to a GST-BRCT fusion resulted in selection of non-phosphorylated peptides that bind to a BRCT domain of BRCA1. The sequences resulting from the selection have common homologies and initial characterization has shown that these peptides may be the first viable non-phosphoserine containing inhibitors of BRCA1.
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Marques, Fabiana Carvalho. "Development of specific recombinant single-domain antibodies against gp120 HIV-1 glycoprotein and their selection by Phage Display." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16334.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária<br>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a condition in which progressive failure of the immune system allows life-threatening opportunistic infections to succeed. One of the most important factors in the worldwide spread of HIV is its enormous genetic variability and rapid evolution. The revealing of all stages of HIV replication cycle led to the identification of potential therapeutic targets in order to decrease the replicative process. However, the acquisition and transmission of HIV drug resistance still poses a major risk to the success of antiretroviral therapy. Thus, new targets and more promising strategies must emerge quickly to improve treatment options for patients who are infected with viruses already resistant to currently available antiretrovirals. The inhibition of HIV entry into the host cell is an extremely promising strategy, and glycoprotein gp120 plays a central role in this process. In this context, the aim of this project consisted in the development and selection, by Phage Display, of specific single-domain antibodies (sdAbs) against the surface HIV gp120 glycoprotein. To achieve this goal, rabbit antibody immunized libraries were generated and a pool of VH and VL sdAbs were selected by Phage Display. This approach allowed the construction of highly diverse sdAbs libraries and a posterior specific selection of VH and VL sdAbs with high binding activity to gp120. With the results obtained in this project, the potential of rabbit derived sdAbs as therapeutic molecules were once again demonstrated. At this stage the results are promising and further studies will be implemented in the future, to characterize the selected antibodies and to obtain more data regarding the binding activity to the target molecule and their potential to neutralize HIV infection.<br>RESUMO - Desenvolvimento de anticorpos recombinantes de pequeno domínio contra a glicoproteína gp120 do VIH-1 e sua seleção por Phage Display - O vírus da imunodeficiência humana (VIH) é o agente causador da síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida, uma condição na qual a falha progressiva do sistema imunitário permite que infeções oportunistas, potencialmente letais, se instalem. Um dos fatores mais importantes na disseminação mundial do VIH é a sua enorme variabilidade genética e rápida evolução. O conhecimento de todas as etapas do ciclo replicativo do VIH levou à identificação de possíveis alvos terapêuticos a fim de diminuir o processo replicativo. No entanto, a aquisição e transmissão de resistência aos fármacos contra o VIH ainda representa um grande risco para o sucesso da terapia antirretroviral. Assim, novos alvos e estratégias mais promissoras devem emergir rapidamente para melhorar as opções de tratamento dos pacientes infetados com vírus resistentes aos antirretrovirais atualmente disponíveis. A inibição do processo de entrada do VIH é uma estratégia extremamente promissora, e a glicoproteína gp120 desempenha um papel central neste processo. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste projeto consistiu no desenvolvimento e seleção, por Phage Display, de anticorpos específicos contra a gp120. Para alcançar este objetivo, foram criadas bibliotecas imunizadas de anticorpos de coelho e foi selecionado um conjunto de anticorpos de domínio pequeno (anticorpos no formato VH e VL) por Phage Display. Esta abordagem permitiu a construção de bibliotecas altamente diversificadas e uma posterior seleção específica de anticorpos com elevada afinidade de ligação à gp120. Com os resultados obtidos neste projeto, o potencial, como moléculas terapêuticas, dos anticorpos de pequeno domínio derivados do coelho foi novamente demonstrado. Nesta fase, os resultados são promissores e mais estudos serão implementados no futuro de modo a caracterizar os anticorpos selecionados e obter mais dados sobre a afinidade de ligação à molécula alvo e o seu potencial de neutralização da infeção pelo VIH.<br>N/A
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Rönning, Sanne. "Selection of a calcium-dependent IgG1-binding protein domain." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-417065.
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Standard purification processes in large scale antibody production are largely dependent on Protein A chromatography. Protein A binds specifically to many subclasses of IgG with high affinity. However, in order to elute the proteins, the pH needs to be lowered. Since lowering of the pH can be detrimental to some antibodies, a milder purification process is of great interest. A variant of Protein A, called ZCa, has previously been engineered to bind to IgG in a calcium-dependent manner. The antibody binds to ZCa when calcium is present and releases when calcium is removed. For the IgG1 subclass, the elution still requires a slight lowering of the pH, which is why there is room for improvement of the molecule. A phage display selection has been performed with the aim to obtain calcium-dependent IgG1 binders that are able to release the antibodies upon calcium depletion at neutral pH. In addition, an attempt on increasing the alkaline stability of the binders was made. Sequence analysis of the selection output showed almost no indications of increased alkaline stability. Instead, M13K07 helper phages were exposed to new selections for increased alkaline tolerance which might be useful in future phage display selections. Even though the binders selected for in this project did show some promising characteristics, none of them were able to elute upon calcium depletion at neutral pH as aimed for. However, one of the variants did show promising results during most of the performed characterizations. Most interestingly, the elution properties of this variant could indicate a higher calcium-dependence in the interaction with the target than that of ZCa, although further characterizations need to be performed in order to draw any conclusions about possible improvements of this protein domain.
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Igloi, Zsofia. "Identifying novel interaction partners for the hepatitis C virus NS5A protein by screening a human SH3 domain phage display library." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.574514.
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The hepatitis C virus is a worldwide cause of liver disease by infecting approximately 2 % of the population. One of its non-structural protein, NS5A, Is known to interact with many cellular proteins involved in cell signaling pathways. Doing so modifies the outcome of the signalling for the benefit of virus replication and survival. We have previously demonstrated that NSSA contains two Class II poly-proline motifs in the second low complexity sequence, with the consensus sequence Pro-X-X-Pro-X-Lys/ Arg, which mediate the interaction with SH3 domain containing proteins. Substitution of the prolines with alanines did not have an effect on RNA replication but disrupted interactions with SH3 domain containing proteins. In order to identify novel NSSA binding partners, genotype 2a (JFH1) NSSA was expressed with a biotin tag individually or in the context of the replicon as an experimental requirement to screen an all human SH3 domain displaying library. In total, sixteen SH3 domain containing binding partners were identified, from which Mlk3, RelA, Vinexin, PACSIN1 RBP2 and STAC1 were novel targets. The interaction of NS5A with Amph1, CMS, Nck1 and Ponsin were investigated in more details. Interactions of NS5A with Amph1 and CMS were confirmed using immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence and biochemical assays. Interestingly these proteins have been implicated in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and epidermal growth factor receptor trafficking. Upon overexpression of wt but not the proline mutant NSSA the cellular localization of Amph1 was altered and interaction with dynamin2, a well characterized partner of Amph1, was disrupted. Furthermore, as it was reported before, NS5A diverts the epidermal growth factor receptor away from the late endosomes thereby modifying its degradation rate and signalling capability towards amongst other targets the Ras-Erk mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, a signalling cascade known to be inhibited by NS5A in a PxxPxR dependent manner. NS5A-CMS and EGFR was found to co-localise to vesicles upon EGF stimulation and overexpression of CMS was found to reverse the effect of NS5A on EGFR.
Books on the topic "Domain display"
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Millie, Julian. A Feminized Domain. Cornell University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501713118.003.0007.
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Chapter Seven contrasts a feminist critique of women’s routines of listening and learning with the characteristic patterns of women’s spectatorship that women display in those routines. Bandung’s women live under constraints affecting their social expectations and mobility. The chapter argues that they enjoy preaching in forms deliberately shaped by preachers to accommodate their situations. The resulting listening experience is not a disciplinary one, but one that respects women’s life conditions.
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Pasnau, Robert. The Sensory Domain. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801788.003.0003.
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The history of epistemology displays a long quest for the elusive domain of sensory privilege, the place where sensory indubitability finds vindication in some measure of infallibility. There have been the most dramatic disagreements and reversals and confusions regarding where in the world this domain is to be found, disagreements that in turn fuel the notorious disputes over the cognitive value of perception. The focus of this chapter is on those who take there to be some external locus of sensory privilege, beginning with Aristotle and the surprisingly different story among later Aristotelians, then moving on toward the crisis that emerges when the privileged sensory domain of scholastics philosophers turns out to be illusory. From this crisis emerge the various modern theories of perception: subjective, reductive, and dispositional.
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Landini, Fabio, and Ugo Pagano. The Evolution of Corporate Species. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805274.003.0007.
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The evolution of biological species is influenced by two types of complementarities. One is related to the synergies among and within organisms, while the other is the outcome of conflicts among different species and among members of the same species. In both conflictual and synergic complementarities, the traits selected in one domain affect the traits selected in the other domain. However, synergies and conflicts involve different mechanisms and interact with each other to generate complex co-evolutionary dynamics. Socio-economic systems are characterized by similar complementarities. Whereas technology and property rights exhibit synergic complementarities, workers’ and capitalists’ organizations display conflictual complementarities. The evolution of different species of capitalism can be better understood in terms of both types of complementarities and by their interactions. The comparative history of the American and the European economies is used to illustrate how models of capitalism can diverge, building different types of institutional complementarities over time.
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Rohman, Carrie. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190604400.003.0001.
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Rather than looking primarily “beyond” ourselves to understand animals and aesthetics, I suggest we must also look “within” to identify a deep coincidence of the human and animal elaboration of life forces in bioaesthetic practices. A “bio-impulse” at the root of the aesthetic itself connects human artistic propensities to animality through strategies of excess, display, and intensification. Re-envisioning the aesthetic domain itself as trans-species in scope is ethically charged because our species must acknowledge the shared status of art-making, one of our most hallowed and formerly “exceptional” activities. In examining the work, theories, and art practices of Isadora Duncan, D. H. Lawrence, Virginia Woolf, Rachel Rosenthal, Merce Cunningham, and John Cage, I articulate ways to recognize and assess the entanglement of human and nonhuman aesthetic forces.
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d'Hubert, Thibaut. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190860332.003.0009.
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In the conclusion, I come back on key issues of my analysis of Ālāol’s poetics. Whereas performance and the absence of theoretical frame recorded in treatises on grammar or poetics are defining features of the vernacular tradition, we witness attempts to describe and systematize vernacular poetics in eastern South Asia. Sanskrit played a major role in this attempt at systematizing vernacular poetics to foster connoisseurship. The domain of reference of vernacular poets was not poetics per se or rhetoric, but lyrical arts and musicology. But efforts to describe vernacular poetics also display an awareness of the importance of heteroglossia and fluidity in vernacular aesthetics in contrast with Sanskrit. The opening up of the Sanskrit episteme constituted by vernacular poetics also made possible the recourse to literary models and quasi-experimental uses of vernacular poetic idioms. Old Maithili, Avadhi, and Persian were visible components of the making of vernacular poetics in Bengal.
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Mahajan, Anoop. Accusative and Ergative in Hindi. Edited by Jessica Coon, Diane Massam, and Lisa Demena Travis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198739371.013.4.
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This chapter examines the nature of case licensing of the direct object in ergative constructions in Hindi, a split ergative language. Split ergativity in Hindi is conditioned by aspect – perfective transitive constructions display ergative case marking while non-perfective clauses do not. The chapter argues that in Hindi the morphologically bare direct object in an ergative construction is case licensed by T(ense) and not by little v as argued recently by Legate (2008) and others. The evidence for this proposal comes from examining the syntax of perfective and imperfective prenominal relative clauses, an empirical domain in Hindi that has not been previously examined from the perspective of case licensing. The restrictions found on what arguments can be relativized in prenominal relative clauses provide crucial evidence for the nature of case licensing in Hindi participial clauses and that evidence in turn bears upon the nature of object case licensing in ergative constructions.
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Coghill, David, Maggie Toplak, Sinead Rhodes, and Nicoletta Adamo. Cognitive functioning in ADHD. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198739258.003.0010.
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Inhibition, memory, temporal discounting, decision-making, timing, and intraindividual variability in reaction time have emerged as key cognitive domains for understanding neurocognitive deficits in individuals with ADHD. In the domain of inhibition, motor inhibition has been studied most extensively, with deficits demonstrated in both restraint and cancellation. Working memory difficulties have been identified using a broad range of tasks. Decision-making has been less well studied, but risky decision-making and temporal discounting have displayed relatively consistent effects. Motor timing, duration discrimination, duration reproduction, and variability on all of these tasks have also been implicated in ADHD. From a clinical perspective, whilst ADHD is clearly associated with a broad range of neuropsychological deficits, there is considerable heterogeneity and none of these deficits is required or necessary for a diagnosis. However, neuropsychological measures may help define cognitive subgroups within ADHD and these may in turn be useful in predicting course, outcome, and treatment response.
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Baker, Mark C., and Jonathan Bobalijk. On Inherent and Dependent Theories of Ergative Case. Edited by Jessica Coon, Diane Massam, and Lisa Demena Travis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198739371.013.5.
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This chapter compares the view that ergative case is an inherent case assigned by v to an NP that it theta-marks (the ICT) to the view that ergative case is a dependent case assigned to a higher NP when there is a lower NP in the same local domain (the DCT). First we present instances in which a nonagent receives ergative case when there is another NP nearby, in applicative constructions in Shipibo, Kalaallisut (West Greenlandic), and Chukchi. Conversely, we present instances in which an agent fails to receive ergative, either because the second NP has been rendered invisible, or because the clause is subsumed within a larger case domain (ECM, causatives). Both data sets support the DCT over the ICT. Finally, we argue that no known language displays a straightforwardly active case pattern—a fact that can be explained by the DCT but not the ICT.
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Vogt, Katja Maria. The Metaphysics of the Sphere of Action. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190692476.003.0007.
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Chapter 7 examines a principle Aristotle formulates in Nicomachean Ethics I.3: ethics must be adequate for its domain. The ethicist must ask herself what her inquiry is about, study the nature of her theory’s subject matter, and observe norms of theorizing that are adequate for it. The subject matter of ethics is value as it figures in human life. Aristotle ascribes two features to this value: difference and variability. Other theorists, he notes, are misled by difference and variability and become relativists. They observe a lack of strict regularity and falsely conclude that the domain of value is messy, unsuitable for any general insights. In Aristotle’s view, the sphere of agency displays for the most part regularities. The chapter defends this proposal as an important metaphysical insight and discusses how it adds to the much-debated claim that situations in which agents act are particulars.
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Mattissen, Johanna. Nivkh. Edited by Michael Fortescue, Marianne Mithun, and Nicholas Evans. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199683208.013.47.
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Nivkh (Paleosiberian group), spoken on the lower reaches of the Amur River and on Sakhalin island in Siberia by a few hundred speakers in four main varieties, but rapidly dying out, is a polysynthetic head-marking but configurational SOV language, with defective polypersonalism, noun incorporation, verb root serialization, and complex noun forms. Its dominant structural principle and characteristic design is dependent-head-synthesis, with dependents lexically head-marked and still referentially active. Nivkh displays compositional polysynthesis with a mixed internal structure, as the suffixal domain of a word-form may be described by a template, whereas the pre-root domain is scope-ordered due to dependent chaining. The evolutionary path of complex forms is best conceived of as coalescence of formerly adjacent words. Morphophonemic processes at the word-internal morpheme boundaries, especially consonant dissimilation and assimilation, and bound allomorphs prove the wordhood of the complexes. Non-root bound morphemes encode modalities, degree, scalar, and focus operators and phase of action.
Book chapters on the topic "Domain display"
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Zhang, Jianbing, and C. Roger MacKenzie. "Multivalent Display of Single-Domain Antibodies." In Single Domain Antibodies. Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-968-6_27.
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Koide, Akiko, and Shohei Koide. "Affinity Maturation of Single-Domain Antibodies by Yeast Surface Display." In Single Domain Antibodies. Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-968-6_26.
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Dudgeon, Kip, Romain Rouet, Kristoffer Famm, and Daniel Christ. "Selection of Human VH Single Domains with Improved Biophysical Properties by Phage Display." In Single Domain Antibodies. Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-968-6_23.
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Verheesen, Peter, and Toon Laeremans. "Selection by Phage Display of Single Domain Antibodies Specific to Antigens in Their Native Conformation." In Single Domain Antibodies. Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-968-6_6.
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Wang, Di, Zhuoran Zheng, and Xiuyi Jia. "Dual-Domain Network for Restoring Images from Under-Display Cameras." In Artificial Intelligence. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8850-1_4.
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De Schutter, Kristof, and Nico Callewaert. "Pichia Surface Display: A Tool for Screening Single Domain Antibodies." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-968-6_8.
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Nemoto, Naoto, Shigefumi Kumachi, and Hidenao Arai. "In Vitro Selection of Single-Domain Antibody (VHH) Using cDNA Display." In Antibody Engineering. Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8648-4_14.
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Rossotti, Martin A., Frederic Trempe, Henk van Faassen, Greg Hussack, and Mehdi Arbabi-Ghahroudi. "Isolation and Characterization of Single-Domain Antibodies from Immune Phage Display Libraries." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer US, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3381-6_7.
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Stanton, Neville A., Katherine L. Plant, Aaron P. Roberts, Catherine Harvey, and T. Glyn Thomas. "Using Work Domain Analysis to Design a Rotary Wing Head-Up Display." In Cognitive Work Analysis. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315572536-15.
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Fischer, Achim, Guenter Theissen, and Heinz Saedler. "Expression analysis of multigene families by RFLP-coupled domain-directed differential display (RC4D)." In Plant Molecular Biology Manual. Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5400-0_4.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Domain display"
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Bauchau, Olivier, and Seundo Heo. "A Novel Parallel Algorithm for Rotor Dynamics Simulation." In Vertical Flight Society 70th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0070-2014-9550.
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Domain decomposition techniques combined with the finite element tearing and interconnecting (FETI) method has become popular for parallel computations in finite element analysis. In the original FETI method, the continuity of the displacement field across the sub-domain boundaries is enforced via the classical Lagrange multiplier technique. In this paper, domain decomposition is used as well, but continuity conditions are imposed via the "localized Lagrange multiplier" technique. In this approach, interface nodes are created and continuity conditions are enforced between the displacements of the boundary nodes and those of the interface nodes. The presence of the interface nodes maximizes the independence of the sub-domains and enables the use of augmented Lagrangian terms that improve the numerical conditioning of the problem. The localized Lagrange multiplier technique is formulated within the finite element framework and the solution procedure of domain-decomposed problem is described in detail. The proposed approach has been implemented in Dymore, a finite element based multibody dynamics code for comprehensive rotorcraft simulation.
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August, Isaac Y., Yacov Svetlitski, and Adrian Stern. "Compressive Fourier Domain Optical Coherence Tomography." In 3D Image Acquisition and Display: Technology, Perception and Applications. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/3d.2024.jth2a.15.
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In this work we present a new method for designing a Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) based on replacing the diffraction grating-based spectrometer with a compressive sensing (CS) spectrometer. A simulation of compressive FD-OCT that is based on liquid crystal (LC) cell modulator for sensing the spectral distribution was made. The spectral power distribution is indirectly measured and reconstructed following a CS approach. This method provides numerous benefits such as reduction of acquisition time, reduction of system size and complexity, reduction of system costs and reduction of power loss.
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Singh, Pankaj, Ju-Hyun Kim, and Sung-Yoon Jung. "Harnessing Spectral Domain: Comprehensive Insights into Display Field Communication." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics-Asia (ICCE-Asia). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icce-asia63397.2024.10773699.
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Pollini, Lorenzo, Stefano Geluardi, Frank Nieuwenhuizen, and Heinrich Buelthoff. "Frequency Domain System Identification of a Light Helicopter in Hover." In Vertical Flight Society 70th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0070-2014-9579.
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This paper presents the implementation of a Multi-Input Single-Output fully coupled transfer function model of a civil light helicopter in hover. A frequency domain identification method is implemented. It is discussed that the chosen frequency range of excitation allows to capture some important rotor dynamic modes. Therefore, studies that require coupled rotor/body models are possible. The pitch-rate response with respect to the longitudinal cyclic is considered in detail throughout the paper. Different transfer functions are evaluated to compare the capability to capture the main helicopter dynamic modes. It is concluded that models with order less than 6 are not able to model the lead-lag dynamics in the pitch axis. Nevertheless, a transfer function model of the 4th order can provide acceptable results for handling qualities evaluations. The identified transfer function models are validated in the time domain with different input signals than those used during the identification and show good predictive capabilities. From the results it is possible to conclude that the identified transfer function models are able to capture the main dynamic characteristics of the considered light helicopter in hover.
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Kang, Hao, Bryan Glaz, and Matthew Floros. "Time Domain Modeling of Geometrically Nonlinear Viscoelastic Beams for Rotor Blades." In Vertical Flight Society 70th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0070-2014-9497.
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A geometrically nonlinear time domain viscoelastic beam model was formulated for modeling rotor blades within the framework of multi-body dynamics-based rotorcraft comprehensive analysis. The formulation was based on a slender beam in a moving frame and undergoing small strain and moderate local rotation. Anelastic Displacement Fields (ADFs) were used to model the viscoelastic materials where internal variables are introduced that interact with the mechanical displacement field of continuum mechanics. Examples of a cantilever beam and simple rotor blade with a viscoelastic flexbeam are provided to show that the beam model can accurately capture damping behavior in viscoelastic beams.
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Masarati, Pierangelo, Denis Franzoni, and Giorgio Guglieri. "A Time-Frequency Domain Approach for PIO/PAO Detection and Analysis." In Vertical Flight Society 72nd Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0072-2016-11503.
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Adverse pilot-vehicle interaction is an important topic, as its impact ranges from handling qualities degradation to potential loss of control. Typical rotorcraft-pilot couplings events are intrinsically time dependent, although characterized by intrinsic frequency aspects, at least when an oscillatory behavior is involved, as in Pilot Induced and Augmented Oscillations. As such, methods capable of simultaneously capturing frequency and time domain related aspects are desirable. In this work, the computation of indicators for the identification of the insurgence of pilot-induced oscillations are revisited in terms of power spectral density, in the frame of ergodic processes. Since the assumption of ergodicity does not apply to intrinsically time-dependent phenomena, Wavelet Transform is used to compute corresponding time-dependent indicators. The suitability of this approach is checked by considering its application to the analysis of signals measured during piloted flight simulation tests in which adverse pilot-vehicle interactions were observed. The results obtained so far are quite promising, suggesting the opportunity to further investigate the approach.
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Hartmann, Chris, Raphael Chenouard, Emmanuel Mermoz, and Alain Bernard. "A Conceptual Framework Leading to Different Dynamic Systems Architectures." In Vertical Flight Society 73rd Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0073-2017-12222.
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The main objective of the work presented is to help architects to develop solutions based on unconventional approaches and to do so, a conceptual framework is presented. The whole framework starts from the requirements and the use cases capture and the Architectural Object database construction. Then it continues with an architectural automated synthesis. The framework uses concepts taken from the System Engineering field and the graph theory and can be applied to several system to design of different domains. The helicopter dynamic systems are multi-domain and totally encounter the scope of the framework.
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DuBois, Thomas, William Kinahan, and Fernando Dones. "Joint Common Architecture (JCA) Recommendations." In Vertical Flight Society 70th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0070-2014-9467.
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In June of 2013, the Army released a draft overview of the Joint Common Architecture (JCA) model (Ref. 1), which suggests a way to decompose mission systems functionality into Domains, Subsystems, and Components. This paper offers additional recommendations to the structure of the JCA, including an added Systems decomposition layer and Vehicle Management Systems (VMS) functionality related to flight controls. The new Systems layer bridges the connection between the Domains and Subsystems provided in the draft JCA. The structure of the Systems layer encourages the mission systems integrator to conduct design trades allowing functionality to span more than a single Subsystem. The Systems layer recognizes advancements in technology to enable more processing to be done within single enclosures, and the trend among subsystem providers to offer more functionality within their products. It balances the decomposition gap between the broad Domain areas and numerous Subsystems into a partition of Systems that naturally fit the major systems that need to be developed for rotorcraft aviation platforms. Partitioned operating systems (e.g., those real-time operating systems conformant with the Future Airborne Capability Environment), processes for critical software development (e.g., DO-178C), and virtual machines allow mixed criticality levels of software to execute inside the same processing environment. Such implementations are flight certifiable allowing for the opportunity to incorporate flight controls functionality within the Joint Common Architecture. Flight-critical domain components and functions continue to be within the JCA, with design characteristics conforming to flight critical requirements. This approach offers sensor and processing consolidation that yields savings in space, weight, power and cost.
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Drost, Brian, Bruce Thompson, and Mike Mastrianni. "Aircraft Wire Fault Detection and Isolation using Spread Spectrum Time Domain Reflectometry." In Vertical Flight Society 70th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0070-2014-9539.
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The electrical wire harness system on a modern aircraft is one of the most complex, integral, and hardest to troubleshoot. One of the goals of the COST-A electrical system effort is to develop an approach to monitor wiring at the aircraft level in flight. A number of sensor technologies were studied as well as existing aircraft data that might be used to assess wire integrity and minimize the number of sensors required. The sensor technology selected for further evaluation and validation during the program was the spread spectrum time domain reflectometer (SSTDR). It would be impractical to add a sensor to every wire path. Therefore, sensor data is leveraged with existing electrical health data such as built in test (BIT), and constraint based logic is used to render a comprehensive view of the wiring health of the aircraft. During flight and BIT collection intervals, shorts, opens and intermittents are detected for analysis. After the aircraft lands, this data is processed in the aircraft ground station to provide fault isolation and troubleshooting guidance to the maintainer.
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Armitage, Jack, Miguel Crozzoli, and Daniel Jones. "Artificial Life in Integrated Interactive Sonification and Visualisation: Initial Experiments with a Python-Based Workflow." In ICAD 2024: The 29th International Conference on Auditory Display. International Community for Auditory Display, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21785/icad2024.003.
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Multimodal displays that combine interaction, sonification, visu- alisation and perhaps other modalities, are seeing increased interest from researchers seeking to take advantage of cross-modal perception, by increasing display bandwidth and expanding affordances. To support researchers and designers, many new tools are being proposed that aim to consolidate these broad feature sets into Python libraries, due to Python’s extensive ecosystem that in particular encompasses the domain of artificial intelligence (AI). Artificial life (ALife) is a domain of AI that is seeing renewed interest, and in this work we share initial experiments exploring its potential in interactive sonification, through the combination of two new Python libraries, Tölvera and SignalFlow. Tölvera is a library for composing self-organising systems, with integrated open sound control, interactive machine learning, and computer vision, and SignalFlow is a sound synthesis framework that enables real-time interaction with an audio signal processing graph via standard Python syntax and data types. We demonstrate how these two tools integrate, and the first author reports on usage in creative coding and artistic performance. So far we have found it useful to consider ALife as affording synthetic behaviour as a display modality, making use of human perception of complex, collective and emergent dynamics. In addition, we think ALife also implies a broader perspective on interaction in multimodal display, blurring the lines between data, agent and observer. Based on our experiences, we offer possible future research directions for tool designers and researchers.
Reports on the topic "Domain display"
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Burkhard, Neil, Jeff Facemire, Grady Campbell, Jim O'Connor, and Steve Wartik. Domain Engineering Validation Case Study: Synthesis for the Air Traffic Display/Collision Warning Monitor Domain. Defense Technical Information Center, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada259407.
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Fluhr, Robert, and Maor Bar-Peled. Novel Lectin Controls Wound-responses in Arabidopsis. United States Department of Agriculture, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7697123.bard.
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Innate immune responses in animals and plants involve receptors that recognize microbe-associated molecules. In plants, one set of this defense system is characterized by large families of TIR–nucleotide binding site–leucine-rich repeat (TIR-NBS-LRR) resistance genes. The direct interaction between plant proteins harboring the TIR domain with proteins that transmit and facilitate a signaling pathway has yet to be shown. The Arabidopsis genome encodes TIR-domain containing genes that lack NBS and LRR whose functions are unknown. Here we investigated the functional role of such protein, TLW1 (TIR LECTIN WOUNDRESPONSIVE1). The TLW1 gene encodes a protein with two domains: a TIR domain linked to a lectin-containing domain. Our specific aim in this proposal was to examine the ramifications of the TL1-glycan interaction by; A) The functional characterization of TL1 activity in the context of plant wound response and B) Examine the hypothesis that wounding induced specific polysaccharides and examine them as candidates for TL-1 interactive glycan compounds. The Weizmann group showed TLW1 transcripts are rapidly induced by wounding in a JA-independent pathway and T-DNA-tagged tlw1 mutants that lack TLW1 transcripts, fail to initiate the full systemic wound response. Transcriptome methodology analysis was set up and transcriptome analyses indicates a two-fold reduced level of JA-responsive but not JA-independent transcripts. The TIR domain of TLW1 was found to interact directly with the KAT2/PED1 gene product responsible for the final b-oxidation steps in peroxisomal-basedJA biosynthesis. To identify potential binding target(s) of TL1 in plant wound response, the CCRC group first expressed recombinant TL1 in bacterial cells and optimized conditions for the protein expression. TL1 was most highly expressed in ArcticExpress cell line. Different types of extraction buffers and extraction methods were used to prepare plant extracts for TL1 binding assay. Optimized condition for glycan labeling was determined, and 2-aminobenzamide was used to label plant extracts. Sensitivity of MALDI and LC-MS using standard glycans. THAP (2,4,6- Trihydroxyacetophenone) showed minimal background peaks at positive mode of MALDI, however, it was insensitive with a minimum detection level of 100 ng. Using LC-MS, sensitivity was highly increased enough to detect 30 pmol concentration. However, patterns of total glycans displayed no significant difference between different extraction conditions when samples were separated with Dionex ICS-2000 ion chromatography system. Transgenic plants over-expressing lectin domains were generated to obtain active lectin domain in plant cells. Insertion of the overexpression construct into the plant genome was confirmed by antibiotic selection and genomic DNA PCR. However, RT-PCR analysis was not able to detect increased level of the transcripts. Binding ability of azelaic acid to recombinant TL1. Azelaic acid was detected in GST-TL1 elution fraction, however, DHB matrix has the same mass in background signals, which needs to be further tested on other matrices. The major findings showed the importance of TLW1 in regulating wound response. The findings demonstrate completely novel and unexpected TIR domain interactions and reveal a control nexus and mechanism that contributes to the propagation of wound responses in Arabidopsis. The implications are to our understanding of the function of TIR domains and to the notion that early molecular events occur systemically within minutes of a plant sustaining a wound. A WEB site (http://genome.weizmann.ac.il/hormonometer/) was set up that enables scientists to interact with a collated plant hormone database.
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Sessa, Guido, and Gregory Martin. role of FLS3 and BSK830 in pattern-triggered immunity in tomato. United States Department of Agriculture, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7604270.bard.
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Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) located on the plant cell surface initiate immune responses by perceiving conserved pathogen molecules known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). PRRs typically function in multiprotein complexes that include transmembrane and cytoplasmickinases and contribute to the initiation and signaling of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). An important challenge is to identify molecular components of PRR complexes and downstream signaling pathways, and to understand the molecular mechanisms that mediate their function. In research activities supported by BARD-4931, we studied the role of the FLAGELLIN SENSING 3 (FLS3) PRR in the response of tomato leaves to flagellin-derivedPAMPs and PTI. In addition, we investigated molecular properties of the tomato brassinosteroid signaling kinase 830 (BSK830) that physically interacts with FLS3 and is a candidate for acting in the FLS3 signaling pathway. Our investigation refers to the proposal original objectives that were to: 1) Investigate the role of FLS3 and its interacting proteins in PTI; 2) Investigate the role of BSK830 in PTI; 3) Examine molecular and phosphorylation dynamics of the FLS3-BSK830 interaction; 4) Examine the possible interaction of FLS3 and BSK830 with Pstand Xcveffectors. We used CRISPR/Cas9 techniques to develop plants carrying single or combined mutations in the FLS3 gene and in the paralogsFLS2.1 and FLS2.2 genes, which encode the receptor FLAGELLIN SENSING2 (FLS2), and analyzed their function in PTI. Domain swapping analysis of the FLS2 and FLS3 receptors revealed domains of the proteins responsible for PAMP detection and for the different ROS response initiated by flgII-28/FLS3 as compared to flg22/FLS2. In addition, in vitro kinase assays and point mutations analysis identified FLS2 and FLS3 domains required for kinase activity and ATP binding. In research activities on tomato BSK830, we found that it interacts with PRRs and with the co-receptor SERK3A and PAMP treatment affects part of these interactions. CRISPR/Cas9 bsk830 mutant plants displayed enhanced pathogen susceptibility and reduced ROS production upon PAMP treatment. In addition, BSK830 interacted with 8 Xanthomonastype III secreted effectors. Follow up analysis revealed that among these effectors XopAE is part of an operon, is translocated into plant cells, and displays E3 ubiquitinligase activity. Our investigation was also extended to other Arabidopsis and tomato BSK family members. Arabidopsis BSK5 localized to the plant cell periphery, interacted with receptor-like kinases, and it was phosphorylatedin vitro by the PEPR1 and EFRPRRs. bsk5 mutant plants displayed enhanced susceptibility to pathogens and were impaired in several, but not all, PAMP-induced responses. Conversely, BSK5 overexpression conferred enhanced disease resistance and caused stronger PTI responses. Genetic complementation suggested that proper localization, kinase activity, and phosphorylation by PRRs are critical for BSK5 function. BSK7 and BSK8 specifically interacted with the FLS2 PRR, their respective mutant plants were more susceptible to B. cinereaand displayed reduced flg22-induced responses. The tomato BSK Mai1 was found to interact with the M3KMAPKKK, which is involved in activation of cell death associated with effector-triggered immunity. Silencing of Mai1 in N. benthamianaplants compromised cell death induced by a specific class of immune receptors. In addition, co-expression of Mai1 and M3Kin leaves enhanced MAPKphosphorylation and cell death, suggesting that Mai1 acts as a molecular link between pathogen recognition and MAPK signaling. Finally, We identified the PP2C phosphatase Pic1 that acts as a negative regulator of PTI by interacting with and dephosphorylating the receptor-like cytoplasmickinase Pti1, which is a positive regulator of plant immunity. The results of this investigation shed new light on the molecular characteristics and interactions of components of the immune system of crop plants providing new knowledge and tools for development of novel strategies for disease control.
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Watson, P., V. Sergan, J. E. Anderson, J. Ruth, and P. J. Bos. A Study of the Dynamics of Reflection Color, Helical Axis Orientation, and Domain Size in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Displays. Defense Technical Information Center, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada455825.
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Eyal, Yoram, and Sheila McCormick. Molecular Mechanisms of Pollen-Pistil Interactions in Interspecific Crossing Barriers in the Tomato Family. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7573076.bard.
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During the evolutionary process of speciation in plants, naturally occurring barriers to reproduction have developed that affect the transfer of genes within and between related species. These barriers can occur at several different levels beginning with pollination-barriers and ending with hybrid-breakdown. The interaction between pollen and pistils presents one of the major barriers to intra- and inter-specific crosses and is the focus of this research project. Our long-term goal in this research proposal was defined to resolve questions on recognition and communication during pollen-pistil interactions in the extended tomato family. In this context, this work was initiated and planned to study the potential involvement of tomato pollen-specific receptor-like kinases (RLK's) in the interaction between pollen and pistils. By special permission from BARD the objectives of this research were extended to include studies on pollen-pistil interactions and pollination barriers in horticultural crops with an emphasis on citrus. Functional characterization of 2 pollen-specific RLK's from tomato was carried out. The data shows that both encode functional kinases that were active as recombinant proteins. One of the kinases was shown to accumulate mainly after pollen germination and to be phosphorylated in-vitro in pollen membranes as well as in-vivo. The presence of style extract resulted in dephosphorylation of the RLK, although no species specificity was observed. This data implies a role for at least one RLK in pollination events following pollen germination. However, a transgenic plant analysis of the RLK's comprising overexpression, dominant-negative and anti-sense constructs failed to provide answers on their role in pollination. While genetic effects on some of the plants were observed in both the Israeli and American labs, no clear functional answers were obtained. An alternative approach to addressing function was pursued by screening for an artificial ligand for the receptor domain using a peptide phage display library. An enriched peptide sequence was obtained and will be used to design a peptide-ligand to be tested for its effect o pollen germination and tube growth. Self-incompatibility (SI) in citrus was studied on 3 varieties of pummelo. SI was observed using fluorescence microscopy in each of the 3 varieties and compatibility relations between varieties was determined. An initial screen for an S-RNase SI mechanism yielded only a cDNA homologous to the group of S-like RNases, suggesting that SI results from an as yet unknown mechanism. 2D gel electrophoresis was applied to compare pollen and style profiles of different compatibility groups. A "polymorphic" protein band from style extracts was observed, isolated and micro-sequenced. Degenerate primers designed based on the peptide sequence date will be used to isolate the relevant genes i order to study their potential involvement in SI. A study on SI in the apple cultivar Top red was initiated. SI was found, as previously shown, to be complete thus requiring a compatible pollinator variety. A new S-RNase allele was discovered fro Top red styles and was found to be highly homologous to pear S-RNases, suggesting that evolution of these genes pre-dated speciation into apples and pears but not to other Rosaceae species. The new allele provides molecular-genetic tools to determine potential pollinators for the variety Top red as well as a tool to break-down SI in this important variety.
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Gurevitz, Michael, Michael E. Adams, Boaz Shaanan, et al. Interacting Domains of Anti-Insect Scorpion Toxins and their Sodium Channel Binding Sites: Structure, Cooperative Interactions with Agrochemicals, and Application. United States Department of Agriculture, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7585190.bard.
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Integrated pest management in modern crop protection may combine chemical and biological insecticides, particularly due to the risks to the environment and livestock arising from the massive use of non-selective chemicals. Thus, there is a need for safer alternatives, which target insects more specifically. Scorpions produce anti-insect selective polypeptide toxins that are biodegradable and non-toxic to warm-blooded animals. Therefore, integration of these substances into insect pest control strategies is of major importance. Moreover, clarification of the molecular basis of this selectivity may provide valuable information pertinent to their receptor sites and to the future design of peptidomimetic anti-insect specific substances. These toxins may also be important for reducing the current overuse of chemical insecticides if they produce a synergistic effect with conventional pesticides. Based on these considerations, our major objectives were: 1) To elucidate the three-dimensional structure and toxic-site of scorpion excitatory, "depressant, and anti-insect alpha toxins. 2) To obtain an initial view to the sodium channel recognition sites of the above toxins by generating peptide decoys through a phage display system. 3) To investigate the synergism between toxins and chemical insecticides. Our approach was to develop a suitable expression system for toxin production in a recombinant form and for elucidation of toxin bioactive sites via mutagenesis. In parallel, the mode of action and synergistic effects of scorpion insecticidal toxins with pyrethroids were studied at the sodium channel level using electrophysiological methods. Objective 1 was achieved for the alpha toxin, LqhaIT Zilberberg et al., 1996, 1997; Tugarinov et al., 1997; Froy et al., 2002), and the excitatory toxin, Bj-xtrIT (Oren et al., 1998; Froy et al., 1999; unpublished data). The bioactive surface of the depressant toxin, LqhIT2, has been clarified and a crystal of the toxin is now being analyzed (unpublished). Objective 2 was not successful thus far as no phages that recognize the toxins were obtained. We therefore initiated recently an alternative approach, which is introduction of mutations into recombinant channels and creation of channel chimeras. Objective 3 was undertaken at Riverside and the results demonstrated synergism between LqhaIT or AaIT and pyrethroids (Lee et al., 2002). Furthermore, negative cross-resistance between pyrethroids and scorpion toxins (LqhaIT and AaIT) was demonstrated at the molecular level. Although our study did not yield a product, it paves the way for future design of selective pesticides by capitalizing on the natural competence of scorpion toxins to distinguish between sodium channels of insects and vertebrates. We also show that future application of anti-insect toxins may enable to decrease the amounts of chemical pesticides due to their synergism.
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Saalman, Lora. Multidomain Deterrence and Strategic Stability in China. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/fyxq3853.
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Over the past few years, China has displayed a wide range of advances in military capabilities and infrastructure, including its test of a hypersonic glide vehicle coupled with a fractional orbital bombardment system and evidence of new intercontinental ballistic missile silos. While China and the United States remain at political odds, there are indications that China’s strategies in space, cyberspace and nuclear domains are increasingly converging with those of the USA, as well as Russia. A key question is whether this strategic convergence is a stabilizing or destabilizing phenomenon. To answer the question, this paper explores the current state of Chinese discussions on multidomain deterrence and strategic stability, with a focus on active defence and proactive defence. It then examines how these concepts are manifesting themselves in China’s postural and technological indicators, including pre-mating of nuclear warheads to delivery platforms, expanded nuclear arsenal size, possible shifts towards launch on warning, integration of dual-capable systems, and advances in machine learning and autonomy. It concludes with a discussion of what these trends mean for future strategic stability talks.
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Ohad, Nir, and Robert Fischer. Control of Fertilization-Independent Development by the FIE1 Gene. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7575290.bard.
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A fundamental problem in biology is to understand how fertilization initiates reproductive development. During plant reproduction, one sperm cell fuses with the egg to form an embryo, whereas a second sperm cell fuses with the adjacent central cell nucleus to form the endosperm tissue that supports embryo and/or seedling development. To understand the mechanisms that initiate reproduction, we have isolated mutants of Arabidopsis that allow for replication of the central cell and subsequent endosperm development without fertilization. In this project we have cloned the MEA gene and showed that it encode a SET- domain polycomb protein. Such proteins are known to form chromatin-protein complexes that repress homeotic gene transcription and influence cell proliferation from Drosophylla to mammals. We propose a model whereby MEA and an additional polycomb protein we have cloned, FIE , function to suppress a critical aspect of early plant reproduction and endosperm development, until fertilization occurs. Using a molecular approach we were able to determine that FIE and MEA interact physically, suggesting that these proteins have been conserved also during the evolution of flowering plants. The analysis of MEA expression pattern revealed that it is an imprinted gene that displays parent-of- origin-dependent monoallelic expression specifically in the endosperm tissue. Silencing of the paternal MEA allele in the endosperm and the phenotype of mutant mea seeds support the parental conflict theory for the evolution of imprinting in plants and mammals. These results contribute new information on the initiation of endosperm development and provide a unique entry point to study asexual reproduction and apomixis which is expected to improve crop production.
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Chejanovsky, Nor, and Suzanne M. Thiem. Isolation of Baculoviruses with Expanded Spectrum of Action against Lepidopteran Pests. United States Department of Agriculture, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7586457.bard.
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Our long-term goal is to learn to control (expand and restrict) the host range of baculoviruses. In this project our aim was to expand the host range of the prototype baculovirus Autographa cali/arnica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) towards American and Israeli pests. To achieve this objective we studied AcMNPV infection in the non-permissive hosts L. dispar and s. littoralis (Ld652Y and SL2 cells, respectively) as a model system and the major barriers to viral replication. We isolated recombinant baculoviruses with expanded infectivity towards L. dispar and S. littoralis and tested their infectivity towards other Lepidopteran pests. The restricted host range displayed by baculoviruses constitutes an obstacle to their further implementation in the control of diverse Lepidopteran pests, increasing the development costs. Our work points out that cellular defenses are major role blocks to AcMNPV replication in non- and semi-permissive hosts. Therefore a major determinant ofbaculovirus host range is the ability of the virus to effectively counter cellular defenses of host cells. This is exemplified by our findings showing tliat expressing the viral gene Ldhrf-l overcomes global translation arrest in AcMNPV -infected Ld652Y cells. Our data suggests that Ld652Y cells have two anti-viral defense pathways, because they are subject to global translation arrest when infected with AcMNPV carrying a baculovirus apoptotic suppressor (e.g., wild type AcMNPV carryingp35, or recombinant AcMNPV carrying Opiap, Cpiap. or p49 genes) but apoptose when infected with AcMNPV-Iacking a functional apoptotic suppressor. We have yet to elucidate how hrf-l precludes the translation arrest mechanism(s) in AcMNPV-infected Ld652Y cells. Ribosomal profiles of AcMNPV infected Ld652Y cells suggested that translation initiation is a major control point, but we were unable to rule-out a contribution from a block in translation elongation. Phosphorylation of eIF-2a did not appear to playa role in AcMNPV -induced translation arrest. Mutagenesis studies ofhrf-l suggest that a highly acidic domain plays a role in precluding translation arrest. Our findings indicate that translation arrest may be linked to apoptosis either through common sensors of virus infection or as a consequence of late events in the virus life-cycle that occur only if apoptosis is suppressed. ~ AcMNPV replicates poorly in SL2 cells and induces apoptosis. Our studies in AcMNPV - infected SL2ceils led us to conclude that the steady-state levels of lEI (product of the iel gene, major AcMNPV -transactivator and multifunctional protein) relative to those of the immediate early viral protein lEO, playa critical role in regulating the viral infection. By increasing the IEl\IEO ratio we achieved AcMNPV replication in S. littoralis and we were able to isolate recombinant AcMNPV s that replicated efficiently in S. lifforalis cells and larvae. Our data that indicated that AcMNPV - infection may be regulated by an interaction between IE 1 and lED (of previously unknown function). Indeed, we showed that IE 1 associates with lED by using protein "pull down" and immunoprecipitation approaches High steady state levels of "functional" IE 1 resulted in increased expression of the apoptosis suppressor p35 facilitating AcMNPV -replication in SL2 cells. Finally, we determined that lED accelerates the viral infection in AcMNPV -permissive cells. Our results show that expressing viral genes that are able to overcome the insect-pest defense system enable to expand baculovirus host range. Scientifically, this project highlights the need to further study the anti-viral defenses of invertebrates not only to maximi~e the possibilities for manipulating baculovirus genomes, but to better understand the evolutionary underpinnings of the immune systems of vertebrates towards virus infection.
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Knight, R. D., and B. A. Kjarsgaard. Comparative pXRF and Lab ICP-ES/MS methods for mineral resource assessment, Northwest Territories. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331239.
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The Geological Survey of Canada undertook a mineral resource assessment for a proposed national park in northern Canada (~ 33,500 km2) spanning the transition from boreal forest to barren lands tundra. Bedrock geology of this region is complex and includes the Archean Slave Craton, the Archean and Paleoproterozoic Rae domain of the Churchill Province, the Paleoproterozoic Thelon and Taltson magmatic-tectonic zones, and the Paleoproterozoic East Arm sedimentary basin. The area has variable mineral potential for lode gold, kimberlite-hosted diamonds, VMS, vein uranium and copper, SEDEX, as well as other deposit types. A comparison of analytical methods was carried out after processing the field collected samples to acquire both the &amp;lt; 2 mm and for the &amp;lt; 0.063 mm size fractions for 241 surficial sediment (till) samples, collected using a 10 x 10 km grid. Analytical methods comprised: 1) aqua regia followed by ICP-MS analysis, 2) 4-acid hot dissolution followed by ICP-ES/MS analysis, 3) lithium metaborate/tetraborate fusion methods followed by ICP-ES for major elements and ICP-MS for trace elements and, 4) portable XRF on dried, non-sieved sediment samples subjected to a granular segregation processing technique (to produce a clay-silt proxy) for seventeen elements (Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sr, Th, Ti, U, V, Zn, and Zr) Results indicate that pXRF data do not replicate exactly the laboratory 4-acid and fusion data (in terms of precision and accuracy), but the relationship between the datasets is systematic as displayed in x-y scattergrams. Interpolated single element plots indicate that till samples with anomalies of high and low pXRF concentration levels are synonymous with high and low laboratory-based analytical concentration levels, respectively. The pXRF interpolations thus illustrate the regional geochemical trends, and most importantly, the significant geochemical anomalies in the surficial samples. These results indicate that pXRF spectrometry for a subset of elements is comparable to traditional laboratory methods. pXRF spectrometry also provides the benefit of rapid analysis and data acquisition that has a direct influence on real time sampling designs. This information facilitates efficient and cost-effective field projects (i.e. where used to identify regions of interest for high density sampling), and to prioritize samples to be analyzed using traditional geochemical methods. These tactics should increase the efficiency and success of a mineral exploration and/or environmental sampling programs.