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1
Private Property Rights Protection Act of 2005: Report together with additional and dissenting views (to accompany H.R. 4128) (including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office). [Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2005.
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Tromp, Coyan. Wicked Philosophy. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462988774.
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Wicked Philosophy. Philosophy of Science and Vision Development for Complex Problems provides an overview of the philosophy of the natural sciences, the social sciences and the humanities, and explores how insights from these three domains can be integrated to help find solutions for the complex, ‘wicked’ problems we are currently facing. The core of a new science-based vision is complexity thinking, offering a meta-position for navigating alternative paradigms and making informed choices of resources for projects involving complex problems. The book also brings design thinking into problem-solving and teaching, fostering construction of an integrative approach that bridges structure and action amplified by transdisciplinary engagement of stakeholders in society. It is not always easy to set up a succesfull philosophy course for students in other programs. The author of Wicked Philosophy, Coyan Tromp, has experience in designing courses on philosophy of science for various Bachelor programs. You can find two examples here. The first example is for an introductory course to an Interdisciplinary Philosophy of Science, which is specifically suited for programs focusing at complex problems such as sustainability or health issues. The second example is a program for a course on (Philosophy of) Science in a Post-Truth Society. More examples are also available (e.g. a program in which Philosophy of Science is combined with Vision Development and Future Scenarios). In addition to the program, the author can also provide a workbook with lesson plans, both for online and on campus settings as well as additional literature suggestions for Dutch and French programmes. Please contact us at marketing@aup.nl for questions or extra material.
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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Implementation of recommendations of JTAC: Hearings before the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Second Congress, first session, on H.R. 2414, to implement certain recommendations of the Garrison Unit Joint Tribal Advisory Committee regarding the entitlement of the Three Affiliated Tribes and the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe to additional financial compensation for the taking of reservation lands for the site of the Garrison Dam and Reservoir and the Oahe Dam and Reservoir, and for other purposes, hearings held in Washington, DC, Wednesday, October 30, 1991, Thursday, November 4, 1991. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1992.
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Wurmbrand, Susi, and Koji Shimamura. The features of the voice domain: actives, passives, and restructuring. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767886.003.0008.
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This chapter provides an in-depth characterization of the organization and featural make-up of the voice domain. Using restructuring as a probe into the composition of the voice domain, several properties are revealed which provide new or additional support for a number of voice-related assumptions, such as a split voice domain consisting of VoiceP and vP. It is suggested that the heads of the voice domain come with two sets of features, v/Voice-features and ϕ-features, where the former encode differences such as active and passive, as well as specific flavors of the argument or event introducing heads, and the latter identify a DP (the DP valuing the ϕ-features) as an argument of the particular voice head. The chapter proposes detailed structures for passive and restructuring, including morphological spell-out rules for the heads of the voice domain in several languages (Acehnese, Chamorro, Isbukun Bunun, German, Japanese, Mayrinax Atayal, Norwegian, and Takibakha Bunun).
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Goldman, Alvin I. Theory of Mind. Edited by Eric Margolis, Richard Samuels, and Stephen P. Stich. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195309799.013.0017.
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The article provides an overview of ‘Theory of Mind’ (ToM) research, guided by two classifications. The first covers four competing approaches to mentalizing such as the theory-theory, modularity theory, rationality theory, and simulation theory. The second classification is the first-person/third-person contrast. Jerry Fodor claimed that commonsense psychology is so good at helping predict behavior that it is practically invisible. It works well because the intentional states it posits genuinely exist and possess the properties generally associated with them. The modularity model has two principal components. First, whereas the child-scientist approach claims that mentalizing utilizes domain-general cognitive equipment, the modularity approach posits one or more domain-specific modules, which use proprietary representations and computations for the mental domain. Second, the modularity approach holds that these modules are innate cognitive structures, which mature or come on line at preprogrammed stages and are not acquired through learning. The investigators concluded that autism impairs a domain-specific capacity dedicated to mentalizing. Gordon, Jane Heal, and Alvin Goldman explained simulation theory in such a way that mind readers simulate a target by trying to create similar mental states of their own as proxies or surrogates of those of the target. These initial pretend states are fed into the mind reader's own cognitive mechanisms to generate additional states, some of which are then imputed to the target.
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van Tubergen, Astrid, and Robert Landewé. Clinical outcomes. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198734444.003.0012.
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In general, axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) follows a chronic course, requiring regular medical care and monitoring. The outcome of axSpA may vary substantially due to heterogenic presentation. For both research and clinical practice, it is important to have relevant, reliable, validated instruments for measuring outcome, to evaluate patients in a standardized way and capture all disease aspects. The Assessment in SpondyloArthritis international Society has developed core sets and instruments to measure these domains, and recommends only the most important domains being measured with best available methods. This chapter provides an overview of the most important outcomes in axSpA and most commonly used instruments to measure these. Additional measures frequently used but not (yet) included in the core set are addressed, and several sets of response criteria applied in axSpA research described. This chapter also provides guidance in which setting (research versus practice) and with which frequency these measures can be used.
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Cooper-White, Pamela. Violence and Justice. Edited by Adrian Thatcher. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199664153.013.023.
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Sexuality is a domain of experience that has been variously described as embodied, deeply personal, intimate, ecstatic, and even sacred. Yet, precisely because of some of these qualities and the emotions associated with them, it is also a domain that entails not only pleasure but also the possibility of violation, even terror. It is a ground on which wars are fought (including intrapsychic, familial, social, political, and military). This chapter explores multiple aspects and causes of sexual violence, in particular interrogating the saying from the rape crisis movement: ‘Rape is about power, not sex’. Additional statements will be proposed, including ‘Rape is about power, and sex’; ‘Rape is about power, using sex’; and ‘Rape is about power, gender, and race’. The chapter concludes with an ethic of sexual justice that addresses the ethics of sexuality and of power, drawing on a Trinitarian theology that emphasizes relationality and abundant life.
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Rohde, Markus, and Volker Wulf. Integrated Organization and Technology Development. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198733249.003.0009.
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The domain of work has developed a myriad of social practices that are often shaped by information and communications technology infrastructures. The introduction of additional IT artifacts, of course, affects these practices and the related patterns of communication. While management and IT specialists plan for certain effects of a system’s introduction, unintended use of the system can play a central role. Therefore, the unanticipated appropriation of IT artifacts by their users is an important phenomenon. Given the existence of IT-related organizational change and adjustments related to the appropriation of software, the development of IT in organizations faces an iterative challenge. The “integrated organization and technology development” (OTD) approach deals with these interdependencies in projects of sociotechnical change.
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Vielledent, Marc C. Alliances, Military Basing, and Logistics. Edited by Derek S. Reveron, Nikolas K. Gvosdev, and John A. Cloud. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190680015.013.37.
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The United States has long enjoyed an essentially unopposed ability to project power and sustain its security forces dispersed throughout the world. However, the uncertainty facing the global security environment, including tenuous alliances, fiscal constraints, and a decline in overseas basing, has increased tensions in emerging areas of potential conflict. These factors are driving change regarding the United States’ defense posture and access agreements abroad. While the preponderance of overseas capability outweighs the preponderance of U.S. forces, deterrence continues to underpin the overarching national security strategy. However, deterrence options impacted by the lack of resilience and investment in distributed logistics and sustainment are generating an additional range of variables and conditions for operators on the ground to consider in shared and contested domains.
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Al-Yagon, Michal, and Malka Margalit. Hope and Coping in Individuals with Specific Learning Disorder. Edited by Matthew W. Gallagher and Shane J. Lopez. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199399314.013.29.
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This chapter reviews and integrates empirical findings regarding hope as a major personal resource among individuals with specific learning disorder (SLD). First, it describes the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fifth edition; DSM-5) diagnostic criteria for SLD and briefly illustrates the major difficulties that individuals with SLD may experience in the academic, social, emotional, and behavioral domains. Next, it presents an overview of the empirical literature regarding hope as reported by children and adolescents with SLD in different age groups and its relations with additional personal resources such as the sense of coherence and coping with age-appropriate academic and social challenges. Possible factors that may contribute to the lower resources found in SLD and their implications are explored, as well as future research directions and interventional implications.
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Hinterhölzl, Roland, and Svetlana Petrova. Prosodic and information-structural factors in word order variation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813545.003.0014.
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This chapter proposes an analysis that derives the word order variation in dependent clauses in OHG within a universal VO base order, plus additional cyclic leftward movement operations that target different information-structural projections in the complex left periphery of the clause. More precisely, it is argued that categories conveying contrastive information land in [Spec,FocP], with the finite verb targeting Foc° and marking the left edge of the new-information focus domain, while background information is placed further left, between ForceP and FocP. This positional realization of the verb and phrases expressing different semantic types of focus is considered a special strategy of disambiguating broad from narrow focus, as well as of avoiding the clash of two focus phrases in the middle field of clauses with multiple foci.
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Finkelstein, Fredric O., and Susan H. Finkelstein. Health-related quality of life and the patient with chronic kidney disease. Edited by David J. Goldsmith. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0134.
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The association of various health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measures with patient morbidity and mortality is well documented, but attention is now being directed at HRQOL assessments as primary outcomes measures themselves. A variety of instruments have been suggested to assess the HRQOL of patients, encompassing a variety of domains. Instruments that are used include generic, disease-specific, and symptom specific instruments. These instruments reply on both subjective and objective information to document the difficulties presented by both the disease itself as well as the treatment of the disease. The challenge for the nephrology community is how to incorporate these assessments into routine care. Additional research needs to be done concerning the optimal way to document patients’ perceptions of their HRQOL and then to develop treatment strategies to improve patients’ perceptions of their quality of life and their care.
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Emanuel, Linda L., Richard A. Powell, George Handzo, Kelly Nichole Michelson, and Lara Dhingra. Validated assessment tools for psychological, spiritual, and family issues. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199656097.003.0074.
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Palliative care has a foundational commitment to integrate attention to psychological, spiritual, and family issues with biomedical matters. This requires being able to measure them. A limited number of assessment tools have been subjected to validity studies. Many measures are for service assessment, including assessments made as part of quality improvement; but a range of rigorously developed measures, including patient-reported outcome measures, is available. Those that are multidimensional and feasible in the real world of patient care are fewer. Domain-specific screening and measurement tools that focus on depression, anxiety, and a more generalized state of psychological distress as well as spirituality are described. Additional tools for measuring delirium and adjustment disorders or grief and bereavement are referenced. While rigorous, comprehensive family assessments and measures are not available, multiple measures that focus on particular aspects of family need and function are described.
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Mair, Christian. World Englishes and Corpora. Edited by Markku Filppula, Juhani Klemola, and Devyani Sharma. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199777716.013.008.
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The first part of the chapter surveys the traditional corpus-linguistic working environment for the study of varieties of English around the world, focussing on the International Corpus of English (ICE) as a major cooperative venture. The second part assesses the potential of larger digital text archives and the World-Wide Web as additional sources of data for the study of World Englishes. Corpora and digital text databases not only serve as rich and convenient sources of data, but also encourage a specific corpus-linguistic “take” on World Englishes and are thus also important for advancing the theoretical debate in the field. Analysis of traditional corpora has deepened our understanding of the nature of morphosyntactic variation in World Englishes as a whole and of fine-grained variety-internal variablility determined by medium (spoken vs. written), genre and style, whereas the use of Web data frequently highlights the role of standard and nonstandard Englishes in transnational and global domains. The chapter ends with a plea to develop corpora documenting World Englishes in their multilingual settings and thus bring together research on World Englishes and the related field of the sociolinguistics of globalisation.
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Peters, Ellen. Innumeracy in the Wild. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190861094.001.0001.
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Innumeracy in the Wild explains how numeric ability supports the quality of the decisions we make and, ultimately, the life outcomes we experience. It dissects three ways that people can be good or bad with numbers and how each of these numeric competencies matter to decision making. Furthermore, it delves into how we can use this knowledge to improve decision making. Understanding the roles of numeric ability (often called numeracy) is particularly important today due to widespread innumeracy. In addition, policies in health and financial domains have shifted toward giving consumers and patients more information (which is often numeric). These changes are intended to empower individuals to take charge of their own welfare. The evidence is clear, however, that not everybody is prepared to use this information effectively and that those who are less numerate tend to make worse decisions unless provided adequate support. The book discusses four main points: the complex and systematic psychological mechanisms that underlie objective numeracy’s effects in judgment and decision making; the importance of numeracy to experiencing positive life outcomes especially in health and finances; the decision-making support provided by two additional ways of knowing and using numbers; and the methods that exploit existing evidence and enable those who are less comfortable with numbers to use them more effectively and make better choices in an often numeric world.
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Jemielniak, Dariusz. Thick Big Data. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198839705.001.0001.
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The social sciences are becoming datafied. The questions that have been considered the domain of sociologists, now are answered by data scientists, operating on large datasets, and breaking with the methodological tradition for better or worse. The traditional social sciences, such as sociology or anthropology, are thus under the double threat of becoming marginalized or even irrelevant; both because of the new methods of research, which require more computational skills, and because of the increasing competition from the corporate world, which gains an additional advantage based on data access. However, sociologists and anthropologists still have some important assets, too. Unlike data scientists, they have a long history of doing qualitative research. The more quantified datasets we have, the more difficult it is to interpret them without adding layers of qualitative interpretation. Big Data needs Thick Data. This book presents the available arsenal of new tools for studying the society quantitatively, but also show the new methods of analysis from the qualitative side and encourages their combination. In shows that Big Data can and should be supplemented and interpreted through thick data, as well as cultural analysis, in a novel approach of Thick Big Data.The book is critically important for students and researchers in the social sciences to understand the possibilities of digital analysis, both in the quantitative and qualitative area, and successfully build mixed-methods approaches.
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Pinto, Rodrigo G. Environmental Activism. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.166.
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Social science research on environment and activism with a cross- or transnational scope (REACTS) is described as a consolidated but confused, stagnant field of scholarship, one which has yet to surpass the comparable state of international studies at large. Previous reviews of the literature in this growing and interdisciplinary research domain have gone so far as so divide it into either its cross-national or its transnational branch, respectively associated with cross-national and environmental social science (CESS), or transnational and environmental social science (TESS). As evidence of stagnancy, once the CESS and TESS branches of REACTS are combined, changes in the cross-national research agenda have been merely the reverse of the transnational one. From 1969–75, REACTS literature covered the themes of population, catastrophic limits to growth, interstate conferences and organizations, North–South relations, survivalist/lifeboat ethics, resource and land conservation, and the social movement organization/non-governmental organization/"third sector." From 1977–91, the issues covered shifted to emphasize violence/conflict, counter environmentalist backlash, seal hunting, whaling, rural energy (improved bioenergy cookstoves), and possibly baby foods, though the earlier concerns with population, (nature) conservation, interstate conferences and survivalist/lifeboat ethics continued. The resistance literature was considerably consolidated and there was a quantitative change in the attention that environmental activism itself received within the pre-existing orientations. In the post-1992 era, the thematic array of transnational REACTS expanded even further as additional issues made it to the agenda in international and environmental studies.