Academic literature on the topic 'Domestic animals – Reproduction'
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Journal articles on the topic "Domestic animals – Reproduction"
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LIPTRAP, ROBERT M. "Stress and Reproduction in Domestic Animals." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 697, no. 1 Corticotropin (October 1993): 275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb49941.x.
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Öndeş Candan, Büşra, and Mithat Evecen. "Recent advances in assisted reproductive technologies of feline reproduction." Journal of Istanbul Veterinary Sciences 8, no. 2 (June 5, 2024): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.30704/http-www-jivs-net.1488223.
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Many wildcat species are threatened with extinction, rare or vulnerable due to habitat destruction and poaching. In addition, Ankara and Van domestic cat species originating from Türkiye are in danger of extinction and are under protection. Thus, the requirement for assisted reproductive techniques in b oth domestic and nondomestic cat species has been increasing in recent years. Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) such as in vitro maturation, in vitro fertilization, embryo transfer, and cloning in domestic cats (Felis catus) provide a useful and suitable model for the conservation of endangered cat species. Domestic cats can be recipients for embryo transfer and recipient cytoplasm for nuclear transfer from various small wildcat species. Thanks to ART, it is possible to ensure the continuation of the generation by producing in vitro embryos or by making intra or inter-species clones from wild cats that have lost their reproductive functions or even died recently. Many inherited genetic disorders have been identified in cats that are similar to humans. Due to their genetic closeness, they have recently begun to be used as animal models in some therapeutic studies on humans, especially on kidney and nervous system diseases. In the early years, in vitro study results were less successful than in farm animals but in recent years ART’s such as in vitro embryo production, embryo transfer, cloning, and transgenesis have made significant progress in domestic of domestic and wild cats. This review includes the assisted reproductive technologies applied in recent years and the results obtained in domestic cat and felines.
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Spencer, Thomas E. "135 Grand Challenges in Domestic Agricultural Animal Reproduction." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (October 8, 2021): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.130.
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Abstract The ASAS Public Policy Committee (PPC) provides updates of Grand Challenges (GCs) which clearly articulate research priorities while providing science-based information for shaping public policy and enhancing future funding for research and education programs in animal sciences (AS). Among the GCs is reproduction of domesticated animals (cattle, swine, sheep, goats, poultry, horses, and aquatic species) that is integral to sustain and improve global competitiveness of U.S. animal agriculture, understand and resolve complex animal and human diseases, and advance fundamental research in sciences that are critical to understanding mechanisms of action and identify future targets for interventions. Historically, federal and state budgets have dwindled and funding for the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) competitive grants programs remained relatively stagnant from 1985 through 2010. This shortage in critical financial support for basic and applied research, coupled with the underappreciated knowledge of the utility of non-rodent species for biomedical research, has hindered funding opportunities for research involving livestock and limited improvements in both animal agriculture and animal and human health. In 2010, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) established an interagency partnership to promote the use of agriculturally important animal species in basic and translational research relevant to both biomedicine and agriculture. The “Dual Purpose with Dual Benefit” program encouraged One Health approaches for comparative medicine studies that use farm animal models that mimic human developmental, physiological, and etiological processes to promote human and animal health, better understand disease origins, interspecies transmission and mitigation strategies, and improve efficiency of assisted reproduction technologies. This presentation will review the successes of the 9-year Dual Purpose effort and highlight opportunities for tackling GC research in reproduction of domesticated agricultural animals.
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Smiljakovic, Tatjana, M. M. Petrovic, V. Poleksic, H. Alm, Milan Petrovic, Cedomir Radovic, and S. Pejcic. "Anatomical-physiological basis of reproduction of domestic animals." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 23, no. 1-2 (2007): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah0702105s.
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Knowledge about forming of sex cells, fertilization and pregnancy is basis for biotechnological effect on reproduction. Beside artificial insemination which is regularly used in practice in Serbia, embryo transfer is method which will probably have wide application, since it enables good performances of male heads and improvement with genetic material of selected female heads. Method is especially useful in selection and breeding of cattle and horses, since in previous agricultural practice, number of offspring from single female head was relatively small. At the beginning it is important to study traits of ovaries in all stages of sex cycle and isolate egg cells which could mature in vitro conditions, in adequate medium until in vitro fertilization and transfer into recipient mother.
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Kaneko, Takehito. "Sperm freeze-drying and micro-insemination for biobanking and maintenance of genetic diversity in mammals." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 28, no. 8 (2016): 1079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd15386.
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Breeding by natural mating is ideal for maintaining animal populations. However, the lack of breeding space resulting from an increased number of strains and the decline in fertility caused by inbreeding inhibits the reproduction of subsequent generations. Reproductive technologies, such as gamete preservation and artificial fertilisation, have been developed to overcome these problems. These approaches efficiently produce offspring of laboratory, domestic and wild animals, and can also be used to treat human infertility. Gamete preservation using sperm contributes to improvements in reproductive systems and enables the use of smaller breeding spaces. Although cryopreservation with liquid nitrogen has been used to preserve spermatozoa, freeze-drying without liquid nitrogen, a novel method, facilitates long-term storage of spermatozoa. This method has recently been applied to maintain animal strains. Micro-insemination techniques, such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), are exceptional for improving assisted reproduction. ICSI can be used to fertilise oocytes, even with immotile and immature spermatozoa that are unsuitable for AI and IVF. Reproductive technologies provide a substantial advantage for biobanking and maintaining the genetic diversity of laboratory, domestic and wild animals. This review covers the latest method of sperm freeze-drying and micro-insemination, and future possibilities for maintaining animal strains and populations.
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Osadchuk, L. V. "Effects of behaviour selection on litter size, fetal development and plasma progesterone concentrations during pregnancy in silver fox vixens." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2002 (2002): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175275620000781x.
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Animal domestication is a natural selection experiment the important result of which is a great increase in the rate of appearance of new forms and in the wild range of variation of organisms. Analysing different aspects of this problem, D.K. Belyaev has came to a hypothesis that the morphological and physiological reorganisation of domestic animals has been going by the way of unconscious selection of animals on their behaviour, carried out by person at the very first stages of domestication (Belyaev, 1979). To testify this hypothesis, a population of tame silver foxes has been produced in long-term selection for lack of aggression and fear towards humans (domestic behaviour) at the Institute of Cytology and Genetics in Novosibirsk, Russia. In the process of selection the genetic transformation of behaviour and morphology, and physiological functions has been observed (Trut, 1999). In particular, selected animals show no aggressiveness to man, behave amicably towards humans and have some changes in the coat colour and body constitution (Trut, 1999). The important part of Belyaev’s hypothesis was the assumption that selection for domestic behaviour could affect the reproductive function, in particular the pituitary-gonadal axis controlling reproduction and fertility. The aim of this study was to obtain information about possible changes in reproduction between control (C) and domesticated (D) vixens. Reproductive performance, potential fertility, embryonic mortality and fetal viability were analysed for vixens from domesticated and control population. In addition, plasma progesterone concentrations were determined in selected and control females during pregnancy.
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Pintus, Eliana, and José Luis Ros-Santaella. "Impact of Oxidative Stress on Male Reproduction in Domestic and Wild Animals." Antioxidants 10, no. 7 (July 20, 2021): 1154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10071154.
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Oxidative stress occurs when the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) overcome the antioxidant defenses of the organism, jeopardizing several biological functions, including reproduction. In the male reproductive system, oxidative stress not only impairs sperm fertility but also compromises offspring health and survival, inducing oxidative damage to lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Although a clear link between oxidative stress and male fertility disorders has been demonstrated in humans and laboratory rodents, little information is available about the implications of impaired redox homeostasis in the male fertility of domestic and wild animals. Therefore, this review aims to provide an update regarding the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that are associated with oxidative stress in the male reproductive system and their impact on the reproductive performance of domestic and wild animals. The most recent strategies for palliating the detrimental effects of oxidative stress on male fertility are reviewed together with their potential economic and ecological implications in the livestock industry and biodiversity conservation.
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Kistanova, Elena. "The use of the biologically active substances from plant and animal products for the stimulation of the reproduction in domestic animals." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 19, no. 1-2 (2003): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah0302057k.
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The important aim of animal industry is the production of ecologically clean animal products. It is known that the wide use of synthetic hormones for stimulation of reproductive functions had shown numerous negative consequences, most important being their ability to accumulate in meat and milk. During the last 10 years the researches concerning the use of natural bio stimulants for reproduction have progressed. In this literature preview the experience in application of different bio stimulants from plant and animal products (placenta, colostrum, plant extracts, plant hormone) is described, which can improve the male and female reproductive functions of domestic animals.
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Talukder, Saranika, Kendra L. Kerrisk, Gianfranco Gabai, and Pietro Celi. "Role of oxidant–antioxidant balance in reproduction of domestic animals." Animal Production Science 57, no. 8 (2017): 1588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15619.
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Reproductive process leads to dynamic changes in metabolism and energy consumption, which may be responsible for the excessive production of free radicals (oxidants) that are generated during the physiological process of oxygen consumption. As the ovary is a metabolically active organ, it produces oxidants. Growing follicles, granulose cells of Graffian follicles and ovulated follicles all produce both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants to preserve themselves from the oxidative damage of oxidants. Oxidants and antioxidants are involved in several reproductive functions such as the regulation of follicular fluid environment, folliculogenesis, steroidogenesis, corpus luteum function, and luteolysis. In this article, the currently available literature is reviewed in relation to the roles of oxidants and oxidative stress in both normal and abnormal reproductive physiological processes.
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Bešlo, Drago, Gloria Došlić, Dejan Agić, Vesna Rastija, Marcela Šperanda, Vesna Gantner, and Bono Lučić. "Polyphenols in Ruminant Nutrition and Their Effects on Reproduction." Antioxidants 11, no. 5 (May 14, 2022): 970. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11050970.
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The feeding of domestic animals with diets in which polyphenols are present is increasingly attracting the attention of nutritionists and scientists. This review summarizes the knowledge regarding polyphenols’ possible positive and negative effects and their bioavailability. The bioavailability of substances is a prerequisite for any postabsorption effect in vivo. Positive and negative properties have been confirmed in previous studies on the diets of domestic animals rich in polyphenols, such as secondary metabolites of plants. Free radicals are formed in every organism, leading to oxidative stress. Free radicals are highly reactive molecules and can react in cells with macromolecules and can cause damage, including in reproductive cells. Some polyphenols at specific concentrations have antioxidant properties that positively affect animal reproduction by improving the quality of male and female gametes. The intake of phytoestrogens that mimic estrogen function can induce various pathological conditions in the female reproductive tract, including ovarian, fallopian, and uterine dysfunction. The metabolism of genistein and daidzein yields the metabolites equol and p-phenyl-phenol, leading to a decline in cow fertilization. The findings so far confirm that numerous questions still need to be answered. This review points out the importance of using polyphenols that have both benificial and some unfavorable properties in specific diets.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Domestic animals – Reproduction"
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Robinson, Julie A. "The effects of dietary molybdenum and sulfur on serum copper concentrations, growth and reproductive function in lambs." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31319.
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Feeds often contain molybdenum (Mo) and sulfur (S) in excess of recommended allowances for adequate copper (Cu) absorption by ruminant livestock. Two randomized-block experiments were conducted using lambs given a cereal-based diet (90% of dry matter (DM) intake), containing 8 mg Cu, 0.7 mg Mo and 2.1g S per kg DM, that was either unsupplemented or supplemented with ammonium molybdate or sodium sulfate alone or in combination, to determine the effects of Mo, S and Mo+S on growth, hematology, serum Cu and Mo concentrations and reproductive function.
Short term intake (4 weeks) by rams, aged 18 and 20 weeks, of 26 mg Mo alone or in combination with 2g S per kg DM, had no effect on growth, hematology or the concentration of total Cu in serum (TCu). However, supplemented groups had lower (P<0.05) concentrations of serum Cu soluble in trichloroacetic acid (TCA-Cu), but the group given Mo+S had the highest (P<0.05) concentration of serum residual Cu (RCu). Luteinizing hormone (LH) peak amplitude was affected by age*diet interaction (P<0.05), because of high amplitude LH peaks in the serum of lambs, aged 24 wks, given Mo alone. Testosterone serum secretory profiles did not differ among diet groups, but testosterone peak frequency was higher (P<0.05) for older ram lambs.
Long term intake (32-39 wks) by ewe, ram and wether lambs (gonadal influence) of 12 mg Mo, or 2g S alone or combined per kg DM also had no effect on hematology or TCu. Food intake and liver weights were higher (P<0.05), but TCA-Cu was lower (P<0.05) for groups given S. Serum concentrations of total Mo (TMo) were higher (P<0.05) for Mo-supplemented groups, but RCu was highest only for the Mo+S group. Growth was affected by Mo*S*gonadal influence*time interaction (P<0.05); until autumn, the body weight of Mo-supplemented groups were higher than those of ram and wether lambs given Mo+S. Ovarian or testicular functions were delayed more severely for Mo- than Mo+S-supplemented groups. Mean concentrations of LH were affected by Mo*S*gonadal influence*time interaction (P<0.05); the mean LH values of Mo-supplemented ram and ewe lambs were higher than the Mo+S-supplemented
group, whereas a reverse trend was observed for wether lambs. The amplitude of LH peaks was affected by Mo*S*gonadal influence*time interaction (P<0.05); for ram lambs, LH peak amplitude was higher for Mo than Mo+S-supplemented groups, whereas for wether and ewe lambs the reverse trend was noted. Mean concentrations of serum Cortisol and Cortisol peak amplitude were affected by Mo*S interaction (P<0.05); the mean Cortisol concentration and peak amplitude for the Mo-supplemented group were higher than those for the Mo+S-supplemented group. The frequency of LH and Cortisol peaks did not differ (P>0.10) among diet groups.
In conclusion, Mo supplementation of cereal-based diets containing a high concentration of Cu did not adversely affect lamb growth. However, the effect of high dietary Mo on reproductive function appears to depend on the dietary level of S and the induction of high serum RCu (thiomolybdate). Further investigations on the effects of Mo and thiomolybdate on endocrine function may provide a nutritional basis for improving reproductive efficiency in ruminants.Land and Food Systems, Faculty of
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Bobic, Gavrilovic Bojana. "Reproductive patterns in the domestic dog : a retrospective study, with the Drever breed as model /." Uppsala : Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/10639782.pdf.
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Martins, Jorge Luis Araujo. "Criopreservação de sêmen do epididimo de gatos domésticos (felis catus) após refrigeração por 24 horas /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98226.
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Orientador: Maria Denise LopesBanca: Frederico Ozanan Papa
Banca: Jussara Tebet
Resumo: A análise dos efeitos da refrigeração sobre a congelabilidade da célula espermática da cauda do epidídimo de gatos domésticos foram avaliados nesse experimento. Após prévia refrigeração a 5O C por 24 horas alíquotas de sêmen foram submetidas a criopreservação e posteriormente descongeladas para análise morfofuncional. 15 animais foram submetidos a orquiectomia de conveniência e seus epidídimos foram manipulados para obtenção de amostras que foram suspensas em meio TE (TRIS/Equex/Gema de Ovo), analisadas, refrigeradas e congeladas. Amostras referentes ao grupo controle foram congeladas imediatamente após a colheita. A analise morfofuncional consistiu em motilidade, vigor, morfologia espermática e Integridade de membrana. Após a descongelação os resultados dos grupos controle e trabalho foram analisados estatisticamente e observou-se que não existe diferença estatística para nenhuma das variáveis analisadas. Embora tenha sido observada diferença estatística entre os momentos pós-colheita e pós-refrigeração por 24 horas para as variáveis motilidade, vigor, integridade de membrana e defeitos primários, nenhuma variável diferiu entre as amostras congeladas pós-colheita e as amostras congeladas pós-refrigeração prolongada. Tais resultados demonstram que um transporte refrigerado a 5O C por 24 horas não interfere sobre a congelabilidade de sêmen do epidídimo de gatos domésticos. Do ponto de vista da conservação tais resultados abrem portas para um melhor fluxo de gametas de espécies selvagens para centrais de biotecnologia permitindo um melhor aproveitamento e conservação deste material.
Abstract: The present study analyzed the effect of cooling on sperm cells obtained from the epididymis tail from domestic cats in respect to their capability for freezing. The treatment group had their samples submitted to freezing after being cooled at 5° C during 24 hours, and th~ control group samples were frozen immediately after collection, Samples from both groups were then thawed and submitted to mo rphofunctiona I analysis. Fifteen animais were submitted to a convenient routine orchiectomy and their epididymis were processed to obtain a semen samples which were suspended in TE medium (TRIS/Equexl egg yolk). The samples were then analyzed, coo,led and frozen. The morphofunctional analysis consisted of sperm motility, vigor, morphology and membrane integrity. After thawing, the semen samples from treatment and control groups were analyzed and no statistic difference was found among ali variables described above.
Mestre
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Martins, Jorge Luis Araújo [UNESP]. "Criopreservação de sêmen do epididimo de gatos domésticos (felis catus) após refrigeração por 24 horas." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98226.
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A análise dos efeitos da refrigeração sobre a congelabilidade da célula espermática da cauda do epidídimo de gatos domésticos foram avaliados nesse experimento. Após prévia refrigeração a 5O C por 24 horas alíquotas de sêmen foram submetidas a criopreservação e posteriormente descongeladas para análise morfofuncional. 15 animais foram submetidos a orquiectomia de conveniência e seus epidídimos foram manipulados para obtenção de amostras que foram suspensas em meio TE (TRIS/Equex/Gema de Ovo), analisadas, refrigeradas e congeladas. Amostras referentes ao grupo controle foram congeladas imediatamente após a colheita. A analise morfofuncional consistiu em motilidade, vigor, morfologia espermática e Integridade de membrana. Após a descongelação os resultados dos grupos controle e trabalho foram analisados estatisticamente e observou-se que não existe diferença estatística para nenhuma das variáveis analisadas. Embora tenha sido observada diferença estatística entre os momentos pós-colheita e pós-refrigeração por 24 horas para as variáveis motilidade, vigor, integridade de membrana e defeitos primários, nenhuma variável diferiu entre as amostras congeladas pós-colheita e as amostras congeladas pós-refrigeração prolongada. Tais resultados demonstram que um transporte refrigerado a 5O C por 24 horas não interfere sobre a congelabilidade de sêmen do epidídimo de gatos domésticos. Do ponto de vista da conservação tais resultados abrem portas para um melhor fluxo de gametas de espécies selvagens para centrais de biotecnologia permitindo um melhor aproveitamento e conservação deste material.
The present study analyzed the effect of cooling on sperm cells obtained from the epididymis tail from domestic cats in respect to their capability for freezing. The treatment group had their samples submitted to freezing after being cooled at 5° C during 24 hours, and th~ control group samples were frozen immediately after collection, Samples from both groups were then thawed and submitted to mo rphofunctiona I analysis. Fifteen animais were submitted to a convenient routine orchiectomy and their epididymis were processed to obtain a semen samples which were suspended in TE medium (TRIS/Equexl egg yolk). The samples were then analyzed, coo,led and frozen. The morphofunctional analysis consisted of sperm motility, vigor, morphology and membrane integrity. After thawing, the semen samples from treatment and control groups were analyzed and no statistic difference was found among ali variables described above.
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Williams, Richard David. "Immunomodulation of reproductive function in domestic ruminants." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28687/.
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Active immunisation against GnRH inhibits reproductive function by inducing a hypogonadotropic condition associated with gonadal atrophy. Despite economic, ethical and environmental advantages of GnRH immunisation in cattle over conventional castration methods, the technology has not yet been commercially adopted. Primarily because of the requirement for numerous booster vaccinations because of the reversibility of physiological effects, the commercial efficacy of immunocastration is currently poor. However, neonatal GnRH immunisation in sheep can result in a permanent suppression of reproduction (Brown et al., 1994; 1995; Clarke et al., 1998). These findings and a study in pigs (Molenaar et al., 1993) indicate that, the hypothalamic/pituitary gland unit (HPU) may be particularly susceptible to GnRH antibodies during a specific window of development in the pre-pubertal animal, but no long-term studies in cattle have been conducted. Therefore the primary objective of this project was to determine the effect of neonatal immunisation against GnRH in cattle. Beef cross bull (n=9; Chapter 3) and heifer calves (n=9; Chapter 4) were vaccinated against a newly developed (Pfizer®) GnRH construct vaccine at -2, 6 and 13 weeks of age. Nine calves of each sex served as negative controls, receiving saline injections only. The GnRH vaccine had proved effective (Dr. A.R. Peters, personnel communication 2000) in inducing immune responses and reducing variation between animals in unpublished industrial studies, compared to earlier vaccines, and hence was reasoned to be capable of raising GnRH antibodies despite the relative immaturity of the neonatal immune system. Following vaccination, circulating GnRH antibodies and reproductive hormones, such as FSH (Chapters 3 and 4), testosterone (Chapter 3), progesterone (to assess onset of puberty) and oestradiol (Chapter 4) were measured and additional intensive serial bleeds were carried out to assess LH parameters up to and beyond puberty (puberty defined by testes circumference in bulls). Gonadal (antral follicles and testes growth) and accessory gland development was quantified throughout the trial using ultrasound scanning. Sexual behaviour (Chapter 3) was studied from 38 weeks of age, while an assessment of sperm quality (Chapter 3), and anabolic response to vaccination was also performed post-mortem (Chapters 3 and 4). GnRH immunisation in neonatal calves did not permanently impair reproduction. A temporary suppression in reproductive function was evident through the disruption of pituitary gland function, as indicated by a reduction of LH pulse amplitude and mean plasma LH concentrations (Chapters 3 and 4). In addition, a reduction in medium- sized follicle numbers, testes growth, plasma testosterone concentration, vesicular gland length and juvenile aggression occurred. Some beneficial anabolic effects were observed e.g., carcass composition grades. Changes all occurred subsequent to increased GnRH antibody titres in immunised cattle. Despite some evidence of prolonged effects on LH amplitude and circulating testosterone after anti-GnRH titres had dissipated, all inhibited parameters, except carcass quality, returned to levels comparable to control animals by 72 weeks of age. No treatment effects on FSH concentrations, large follicle numbers, reproductive tracts (post mortem) or peri- and post-pubertal behaviours were observed following treatment. Sperm morphological abnormalities tended to be more prevalent in GnRH immunised bulls. A significant increase in GnRH antibody titres occurred at -23 weeks of age (Chapter 4), this may have been a rebound in antibody titre, possibly caused by an anti-idiotype immune response (antibody response to GnRH antibodies), or due to significant maturational changes in immune function at this time causing a delayed response to vaccination. Alternatively a novel "auto-immune" response may have been detected, which if confirmed/repeatable might be incorporated into an immunisation protocol to act as a "self-booster". However, no previous reports of such an event have been published and further investigation is urgently required. A more prolonged or permanent suppression of reproductive function may be possible following an earlier, greater and more sustained elevation of antibody titres during the neonatal period. Further development of GnRH vaccines and/or protocols (prime-boost, cytokine modulation vaccines, concomitant passive and active immunisation and pregnant cow GnRH vaccination), and studies of performance and GnRH antibody mechanism(s) of action in cattle are required. Chapters 3 and 4 provide a comprehensive study on pubertal development and neonatal GnRH vaccination, thus contributing significantly to knowledge in these fields. Currently, the vaccine used in this trial may be used to delay puberty in older calves or transiently suppress reproductive function to aid management. The economical viability of animal production systems such as beef and lamb are closely related to rates of reproduction. The Fec B gene in ewes increases ovulation rate and litter size, possibly through the development of precocious follicles, which can switch their primary dependence from FSH to LH. As a result, more follicles are selected to continue growth to an ovulatory size. The precise mechanisms by which these processes occur have recently been shown to involve oocyte follicle interactions (see section 1.1.5). Follicle development is modulated by GHIIGF and inhibin, however attempts to increase follicular development and ovulation through active inhibin immunisation alone have been variable and hence not commercially attractive. To develop successful protocols to induce twin ovulations in cows· and ewes, without superovulation, a clearer, more details understanding of follicullogenesis is required. The objective of the current study was to better understand these mechanisms through investigating interactions of GH/GF and inhibin in the ovary, follicle development, steroidogenesis, and receptor populations using an anoestrous sheep model. Spring born Mule x Charolais ewe lambs were actively immunised (n=8) against porcine inhibin α-C 1-26 peptide conjugated to KLH in NUFCA (primary and 3 boosters (NUFA», while 8 served as negative controls. Seven days following the final booster, the ewes were subdivided to give four groups: (1) controls + saline (n=4); (2) controls + rbGH (4ml s.c; 1mg. mr1; n=4); (3) inhibin immunised + saline (n=4); and (4) immunised + rbGH (n=4). Recombinant bovine growth hormone (rbGH) was given (Lm.) for 6 days. On day 4 GnRH (Receptal®; 1 ml) was injected s.c, to all animals to initiate the beginning of a new follicular wave. Blood samples were collected fortnightly to measure inhibin antibody titres, IGF-I, FSH and steroids. On the seventh day ensuing slaughter serum antibodies and ovaries were harvested. Left ovaries were intended for ISH (mRNA for P450arom) and/or immunohistochemical analysis. Follicles from right ovaries were dissected out, counted, measured and cultured in M199 at 37°C for 2 hours. Culture media was then assayed for oestradiol. Follicle shells were stored at -180°C for LH receptor binding studies. This work reports on the influence of different treatments on follicle populations. All immunised animals produced antibodies, which bound to 1251-inhibin. Using ANOVA to compare treatments it was observed that, Inhibin immunisation significantly (P
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McGee, Marcus. "The use of non-invasive monitoring techniques for profiling hormonal changes associated with stress and reproductive cyclicity in domestic and non-domestic species." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2009. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-02102009-145608.
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Gates, Peter J. "Analyzing categorical traits in domestic animal data collected in the field /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1999. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1999/91-576-5473-5.pdf.
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Monbureau, Marie. "Implications of male birdsong in female reproduction in the domestic canary (Serinus canaria)." Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100072.
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On sait que chez les oiseaux chanteurs le chant est le principal caractère sexuel secondaire et qu’il a une influence majeure sur la reproduction. Le chant peut influencer une femelle dans le choix de son partenaire et agir sur la façon dont elle s’investira pour optimiser chaque tentative de reproduction. Le propos général de cette thèse est d’étudier l’impact du chant sur la reproduction chez le canari. Dans une première partie, nous avons étudié l’importance de ce chant par rapport à d’autres stimuli susceptibles d’influer sur le comportement sexuel des femelles. Nous avons montré que dans le choix de leur partenaire, les femelles prennent en compte la relation de dominance entre les mâles quand elle se manifeste par le chant et non pas par des interactions physiques entre eux. Dans une seconde partie, nous nous sommes demandés si le chant d’un mâle pouvait permettre à la femelle d’apprécier son degré de fertilité. Nous avons montré que meilleure était la qualité du chant (longueur et rythme d’émission), meilleure était la qualité du sperme, suggérant que le chant pouvait être un indicateur de fertilité. Dans la dernière partie, nous avons étudié l’impact du chant sur le système reproducteur de la femelle. Nous avons trouvé que des phrases moyennement attractives chantées par un mâle induisaient un dépôt plus important de testostérone dans l’œuf par la femelle, alors que les mêmes phrases produites par ordinateur, donc en l’absence de mâle, n’avaient pas d’effet. Cela suggère que si le chant n’est que moyennement attractif, des stimuli supplémentaires sont requis pour entraîner une augmentation du dépôt de testostérone dans l’œuf. Enfin, nous avons présenté le projet de recherche en cours. Il s’agira d’étudier l’activation des différentes régions du cerveau en réponse au chant. Ce projet pourrait permettre d’identifier les voies neuronales impliquées dans le dépôt différentiel de testostérone dans l’œuf en réponse à ce stimulusIn songbirds, song is known to be the primary sexually selected trait with extensive influences on reproduction. Song can influence a female in her choice for a mate and can also influence how she adjusts her own investment in order to optimize each reproductive attempt. The general aim of this thesis was to investigate the impact of song on reproduction in canary. In the first section, we investigated the importance of song compared to other cues for females to direct their sexual behavior. We showed that females pay attention, in order to direct this sexual behavior, to dominance manifested via song and not via physical interactions. In a second part of this thesis, we wanted to know if song could be a cue for the female that would allow her to judge the fertilization capacities of a male. We showed that the better the song quality was (song length and emission rate) the better the quality of sperm was, suggesting that song could signal male fertility. In the last section, we investigated the impact of song on the female reproductive system. We found that mildly attractive song phrases sung by a live male induced the female to deposit more testosterone in her eggs. However, these same songs, but computer generated, (i. E. Without the presence of the male), did not induce females to deposit more T. This suggests that other cues, in addition to mildly attractive song, may be necessary to increase T deposit. Finally, we present an on-going project, investigating the activation of different brain regions in response to song. This project could help to elucidate a neuronal pathway involved in the differential testosterone deposit in eggs in response to song
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McGee, Marcus. "THE USE OF NONINVASIVE MONITORING TECHNIQUES FOR PROFILING HORMONAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH STRESS AND REPRODUCTIVE CYCLICITY IN DOMESTIC AND NON-DOMESTIC SPECIES." MSSTATE, 2009. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-02102009-145608/.
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Accurately examining animal endocrine profiles pose unique challenges due to possible human interaction influencing basal values. Standard methods of gathering information about an animals endocrine status are often dependent upon restraint and use of invasive methodologies. However to accurately monitor the influence management practices, blood sampling sometimes requires that hormone measurements be observed from animals in a relaxed state. To this end, methods for non-invasive monitoring (NIM) are greatly needed to obtain basal endocrine measurements. Such methods include fecal collections followed by hormone extraction, and remote sampling technologies for obtaining blood samples without handling. The overall objective of this study was to use NIM techniques to effectively collect and monitor hormone profiles from domestic and non-domestic species in an effort to more completely understand stress responses and reproductive cyclicity in animals in which handling may not be possible or desired.
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Pasquariello, R. "MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF FACTORS WHICH CAN INFLUENCE THE REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS OF CATTLE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/335298.
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My PhD project addressed the paternal and maternal contribution associated with correct early embryonic development, focusing on microRNAs (miRNAs, short non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression at post-transcriptional level) involved in controlling reproductive function in cattle. To this end, next generation sequencing (NGS) methods and bioinformatic analysis pipelines were set up and validated using low quantities of starting materials, e.g. blastocysts and oocytes. The role of miRNAs carried by spermatozoa during early embryogenesis was investigated by assessing in vitro produced blastocysts from semen of bulls with high and low blastocyst rates. Moreover, follicular fluid and oocyte miRNAs were analyzed in order to unravel molecular mechanisms involved in poor fertility cows. In particular, a model based on low and high antral follicle count ovaries was used to study the influence of ovarian function on oocyte developmental competence. The results indicated that: 1) sperm miRNAs may impact embryo developmental competence affecting the expression of gene networks involved in several cellular processes including cell adhesion, communication and metabolism of the blastocyst; 2) the different oocyte quality is associated with a different miRNA blueprint in both follicular fluids and oocytes through the mis-regulation of biological processes critical for oocyte competence. In conclusion, these studies contributed to improve our knowledge on the function of miRNAs in the sperm, oocytes and pre-implantation embryos. Several miRNAs were identified as potential biomarkers of blastocyst and oocyte competences, which will be valuable to optimize Reproductive Biotechnologies.
Books on the topic "Domestic animals – Reproduction"
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T, Cupps Perry, ed. Reproduction in domestic animals. 4th ed. San Diego: Academic Press, 1991.
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Jiang, Zhihua. Reproductive genomics in domestic animals. Ames, Iowa: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.
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Hafez, E. S. E. 1922-, ed. Reproduction in farm animals. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1987.
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1959-, Jiang Zhihua, and Ott Troy L, eds. Reproductive genomics in domestic animals. Ames, Iowa: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.
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JL, Juengel, ed. Reproduction in domestic ruminants VI: Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Reproduction in Domestic Ruminants, Crieff, Wellington, New Zealand, August 2006. Cambridge, UK: Society for Reproduction and Fertility, 2007.
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1923-, McDonald L. E., ed. Veterinary endocrinology and reproduction. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1988.
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1923-, McDonald L. E., Pineda M. H, and McDonald L. E. 1923-, eds. Veterinary endocrinology and reproduction. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1989.
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B, Hafez, and Hafez, E. S. E. 1922-, eds. Reproduction in farm animals. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2000.
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International Symposium on Reproduction in Domestic Ruminants (6th 2002 Crieff, Scotland, UK). Reproduction in domestic ruminants V: Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Reproduction in Domestic Ruminants, Crieff, Scotland, UK, August 2002. Cambridge, UK: Society for Reproduction and Fertility, 2003.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Domestic animals – Reproduction"
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Bakst, Murray R. "Reproduction in Poultry." In Biology of Domestic Animals, 213–38. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2017. | "A science publisher's book.": CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315152080-8.
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McNamara, John P. "Nutrigenomics for Improved Reproduction." In Reproductive Genomics in Domestic Animals, 413–38. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780813810898.ch18.
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Vallet, Jeffrey L., Dan J. Nonneman, and Larry A. Kuehn. "Quantitative Genomics of Female Reproduction." In Reproductive Genomics in Domestic Animals, 23–51. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780813810898.ch2.
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Casas, Eduardo, J. Joe Ford, and Gary A. Rohrer. "Quantitative Genomics of Male Reproduction." In Reproductive Genomics in Domestic Animals, 53–66. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780813810898.ch3.
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Jiang, Zhihua, Galen A. Williams, Jie Chen, and Jennifer J. Michal. "Mitochondriomics of Reproduction and Fertility." In Reproductive Genomics in Domestic Animals, 157–79. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780813810898.ch7.
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Broom, Donald M. "Seasonal and reproductive behaviour." In Broom and Fraser’s domestic animal behaviour and welfare, 178–82. 6th ed. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249835.0017.
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Abstract This chapter discusses the reproduction and social behaviour of domestic animals on the following topics: reproductive efforts; sensory factors in reproduction; hormonal and pheromonal facilitation; and seasonal and climatic breeding responses.
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Antczak, D. F., Juli K. Maher, Gabriele Grünig, W. L. Donaldson, Julia Kydd, and W. R. Allen. "MHC Gene Expression in Placentas of Domestic Animals." In Immunobiology of Reproduction, 153–69. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8422-9_11.
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Broom, Donald M. "Sexual behaviour." In Broom and Fraser’s domestic animal behaviour and welfare, 183–96. 6th ed. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249835.0018.
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Abstract In this chapter the reproductive and social behavior of domestic animals are discussed focusing on sexual behavior aspects such as female characteristics, oestrus, male reproduction: libido, male courtship, male sexual and mating behaviour.
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Magnusson, Ulf, and Lennart Dencker. "Toxicogenomics of Reproductive Endocrine Disruption." In Reproductive Genomics in Domestic Animals, 397–412. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780813810898.ch17.
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Dovc, Peter, Tanja Kunej, and Galen A. Williams. "Genetics and Genomics of Reproductive Disorders." In Reproductive Genomics in Domestic Animals, 67–97. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780813810898.ch4.
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