Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Domestic architecture. Housing. Residential buildings'

In each country, the concept of housing exists in relationship between the ways people live, the local climate, the social and political factors that affect the evolution of architecture and the actual structure of the house. The economic developments of the countries and the political situations and regulations have all affected the rise of the residential market. In Greece, where the majority of the residential buildings were constructed between 1960 and 1990, residential buildings represent an important sector in the energy consumption and economic growth of the country. Global warming and changes in the climate system has an important impact in building stock. The European Union is concerned about the scale of the consequences and has encouraged energy efficiency in buildings by mandating the Energy Performance Building Directive for all European countries [1]. In my opinion, it is the responsibility of the architect to address the impact of existing residential buildings by retrofitting solutions with the aim of reducing the energy consumption and eventually improving the quality of life. Architects, in collaboration with energy experts, can work properly to provide effective solutions. With the guidance of the new directive, along with their personal knowledge and experience in energy efficiency they can help bring about increased energy building performance. In order to demonstrate how architects can implement such an energy retrofit plan, this thesis presents a short description of residential buildings constructed between 60's - 80'by presenting a typical building representing the current state of the Greek building stock, and by studying its energy consumption. An energy performance simulation of the building with different energy simulation software considers different scenarios and describes a way to reduce energy demand and increase comfort in these buildings. The primary software tools used in the study was TEE KENAK, developed by the Greek chamber in accordance with the European energy rating tools for the implementation of the Energy Performance Building Directive. Additional software tools, including ECOtect, and the "Energy Performance Calculator", developed by the department of High Performance Buildings at the Georgia Institute of Technology in order to verify the information provided by the actual energy bills and the TEE KENAK. The results presented in this study estimate the building retrofit and energy saving, making appropriate decisions in terms of energy conservation and improvement in the existing residential building considering energy cost savings, payback from retrofit investments, along with architectural design considerations.

Since the late 1970s many empty buildings in Montreal have been adapted for residential purposes. The main focus of this thesis is to document and analyse the most representative examples of these projects in order to define the nature and results of the adaptive-use practice in Montreal.
Due to complexity of the field, the framework for analysis must be flexible enough to apply to different contexts and building types, yet firm enough to solve the perpetual dilemmas intrinsic to adaptive-use design. The attitude of this research is that the best way to do this is to learn from architectural, social, and political history---indeed how these types of histories interrelate to form a continuum of popular and professional opinion.
The study starts the examination of the main preservationist and adaptive-use methods with the discussion of preservationist terminology and origins of preservationist theories in Europe. It traces them as they come to North America, examines the roots of adaptive use for residential purposes in Manhattan, and follows the phenomenon as it has appeared in Montreal from the sixties to present. After tracking preservation theory and practice until this point, the parameters for determining what is a successful adaptive-use project become clearer. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

The development of an index to compare different sources of energy is presented; the index address the appraisal of the source of energy from its sustainable performance and also using the factors that influence the user's decision making process of adopting an alternative energy. The index is used to compare the fuel cell system and the traditional grid system powered by coal fired power plants, for a typical residential unit located in the rural Appalachian region in Ohio.

The affordability crisis in the North American housing market has prompted the construction industry to reexamine technologies designed to lower cost through the factory mass production process. This thesis concentrates on modular prefabricated housing in the Province of Quebec in order to determine if this housing option can supply a less expensive alternative to comparable conventionally built housing. As issues of construction cost are allied with the quality of construction, a comparison between the conventional and the manufactured building industries, at this level, is also essential. Surveys evaluating sales cost and quality of construction have been developed for the modular prefabricated and conventional single family detached housing industry for the Province of Quebec. Fifteen prefabricated home builders and six conventional home builders were surveyed in order to facilitate the comparison between the two industries. It was found, based on the builders surveyed, that the average level of construction quality was consistent in both industries. The prefabricated residential home builders, however, proved on average to be approximately ten percent more expensive than the conventional home builders surveyed. Reasons for these cost discrepancies have been found to be related to the high start-up costs inherent in the manufactured housing industry, the overall cyclical market demand for housing, as well as price protection for distributors of manufactured housing.

The prefabricated home has been said to be the site of innovation, exploration and sometimes spectacular failure since the mid 20th-century (Home Delivery, 8). Despite years of research and advancements in technology, pre-synthesization in the domestic realm has typically remained loyal to past construction methods/materials and banal aesthetic ripostes. As a result, the modern pre-synthesized home suffers in terms of programmatic diversity, spatial feedback, supertemporal expansion (in reference to the supertemporal art movement) and societal acceptance. Materials and technologies are constantly upgrading in our increasingly technetronic society. Re-marketing the prefabricated home will require a similar modus operandi. Investigating the successes and failures of other prefabricated products and systems will lead to a better understanding of what the next generation of pre-synthesized housing systems will require. These requirements are then to be cultivated and supported by a theoretical entity, deployableHOMES, which represents an architectural process in a product oriented civilization. Motivated by the performance capabilities of underutilized materials such as FRP pultrusion and concrete polymer technology, this thesis proposes the formulation of a pre-synthesized component housing system which offers the maximum plasticity of design by allowing for distinctive environmental, spatial and programmatic responses. The system will be used to articulate a series of prototypes to be deployed in different topographical conditions. The future of prefabrication lies not in a series of ephemeral structures, which adopt non inclusive proprietary construction systems, but with fully integrated systems of interactive components. Components which allow for the refl ection of changes in societies perspectives of understood programmatic space and aesthetics of domestic tectonic pragmatism. These changes attempt to inaugurate an anti-in situ architectural movement which no longer imitates individuality or spatially responsive interactive design.

Atualmente a paisagem de São Paulo, e também de outras cidades, é marcada por uma produção repetitiva e sem criatividade, mal representada por edifícios habitacionais parecidos e pouco relacionados ao contexto urbano no qual estão inseridos, concebidos por investidores imobiliários que atribuem pouca relevância ao valor autoral do arquiteto como forma de contribuição a seus empreendimentos. Com base neste cenário, a pesquisa partiu de uma pergunta ampla e direta: Onde estão os bons projetos em meio a tanta mesmice? Habitar Coletivo: obras diferenciadas contemporâneas em São Paulo apresenta um estudo das atuais obras de habitação coletiva localizadas na região metropolitana de São Paulo, do início do século XXI, pois, ao que parece, foi um período em que se construiu muito, porém, não necessariamente se construiu bem. Denominar esses estudos de casos como diferenciados, revela-se positivo pelo fato das obras contribuírem com novas possibilidades de agentes, de ocupação de lote urbano, novas técnicas construtivas, novas maneiras de agenciamento do programa, entre outras possibilidades reveladas, muitas vezes rebaixadas na produção comercial usual. Os projetos selecionados foram organizados em três grupos principais: Conjuntos horizontais, Edifícios pouco verticalizados com unidades habitacionais sobrepostas e Edifícios verticalizados com unidades habitacionais sobrepostas. Na segunda parte da pesquisa, Leitura dos projetos selecionados, foram realizadas as análises específicas a partir de dados obtidos primordialmente nos importantes canais de divulgação da produção arquitetônica, como as revistas ProjetoDesign e Arquitetura e Urbanismo; visitas realizadas às obras; conversa e coleta de dados com os escritórios de arquitetura; e redesenho dos projetos. Os textos de cada obra foram organizados a partir de assuntos que se repetem nos diferentes projetos: trajetória do arquiteto; agentes; partido de implantação; espaços exteriores; sistema estrutural e técnica construtiva; envoltória e unidade habitacional. Por fim, após cada leitura são expostas as fichas gráficas correspondentes, também organizadas por temas e escalas principais. A sistematização geral em grupos não engessa comparações apenas entre obras de uma mesma categoria, afinal, são vinculadas a múltiplos sistemas de valoração e possuem cada uma separadamente um conjunto de características muito particulares que, em determinados momentos, são comparáveis ou não a outros projetos, tratando-se, portanto, de uma produção heterogênea e singular. Desse modo, na terceira parte, Análise comparativa e considerações finais por temas presentes nos projetos selecionados, é realizado o cruzamento dos diversos assuntos presentes nos projetos, sendo possível perceber que as obras não representam tipos bem definidos, e sim, possuem ideias que ora pertence a um grupo temático e ora pertence a outro. Também foram identificadas situações de projetos onde os agentes empreendedores principais são os próprios arquitetos, ou situações com empreendedores que valorizam a arquitetura autoral de qualidade, entre outros agentes relevantes a pesquisa. O redesenho dos projetos foi de suma importância para algumas conclusões. Também é importante mencionar que não se trata de imaginar que as iniciativas destacadas devam ser entendidas como modelos de \"boa arquitetura\" a serem seguidos exclusivamente, ao mesmo tempo, os projetos selecionados conseguem expor alternativas superiores em qualidade ao que parece ser a regra do mercado imobiliário que rege decadentemente as cidades.
Nowadays, the view in São Paulo and also in other cities is known by a tiring and without creativity production, badly represented for the same habitable buildings which have no connection to the urban context where they belong to, conceived by housing investors who really do not care to the architect\'s authorship value as a contribution to their project. Basing on this picture the research initiates from one question: Where are the good and innovative projects among the usual and traditional proposals? Collective Housing: A Contemporary and Differential Proposal in São Paulo presents a current study of collective habitation essays in São Paulo metropolitan region since the beginning of XXI century that was apparently a period of intense construction, although not necessarily a good quality of construction. Calling this paper a differential proposal is positive for the fact that the buildings here proposed contribute to new agents possibilities, urban lots occupation, new building techniques, other options of heading the program, among many possibilities revealed that often are lowered in a usual commercial production. The selected projects were divides in three principal groups: horizontal residential buildings, medium upright buildings with superposed housing units and upright buildings with superposed housing units. In the second part of the paper, reading of the selected projects, particular analysis were made using information retrieved from respectable media channels of architectural production as ProjetoDesign and Arquitetura e Urbanismo magazines\' articles, while visiting the projects location, interviewing architecture offices\' staff and redrawing the projects. Each proposal text was organized according to the most frequent topics that appear in the different projects: architect\'s career, agents, implantation party, outdoors areas, structural systems and building techniques, envelopment and housing units. At last, after each reading the corresponding graphic card is exposed and also organized by subjects and main scales. The general group systematization doesn\'t obligate one to compare projects among the same category, once they are connected to multiple valorization systems and own individually a group of peculiar characteristics that in certain moments are comparable or not to other projects, being a mixed and singular production at the same time. In this way, the third part, Comparative analysis and final considerations about selected projects\' themes is found a crossing of many projects\' subjects where it\'s possible to notice that the proposals don\'t represent a well-defined type, otherwise they own ideas that in a moment belong to a thematic group and in another doesn\'t. It was observed as well situations where the principal entrepreneur agents were architects or situations where the architect\'s authorship is appreciated by the entrepreneur. The projects\' redrawing were essential to some conclusions. Finally it\'s good to mention that the chosen proposals are not necessarily considered \"good architecture\" to be exclusively followed, at the same time, the chosen proposals can expose superior alternatives regarding to quality which seems to be the housing market rule that guides the cities in a decadent way.

This diploma thesis is a urban study proposal of development area Brno – South. The design creates a new urban district with 2200 – 2500 new inhabitants, also new jobs are created in proposed industrial areas, office buildings and public facilities. The result of the thesis is a definition of the possible directions of the area’s development.

Ma, Wai Yip.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-78).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Abstract --- p.i
Acknowledgments --- p.iii
Content --- p.iv
List of Tables --- p.vi
List of Figures --- p.viii
Chapter Chapter One --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter Chapter Two --- Literature Review --- p.6
Chapter Chapter Three --- Expected Sign of variables --- p.17
Chapter Chapter Four --- Data Description --- p.21
Chapter Chapter Five --- Methodology --- p.24
Chapter 5.1 --- Ordinary Least Square --- p.24
Chapter Chapter Six --- Empirical result --- p.26
Chapter 6.1. --- Basic model 1 --- p.26
Chapter 6.2. --- Basic model 2 --- p.27
Chapter 6.3. --- Comparison between Basic model 1 & Basic model 2 --- p.30
Chapter 6.4. --- "Model with ""Design Variables""" --- p.32
Chapter 6.5. --- "Model using ""restricted sample""" --- p.35
Chapter 6.6. --- "Model with ""Interactive terms and design""" --- p.36
Chapter 6.7. --- "Model with ""Interactive terms and design"" using restricted sample" --- p.40
Chapter Chapter Seven --- Limitations and Future direction --- p.42
Chapter Chapter Eight --- Concluding Remarks --- p.44
Appendix One Tables --- p.46
Appendix Two Figures --- p.62
Appendix Three Using floor plans information to construct dataset --- p.64
Appendix Four Implicit prices of housing attributes over time --- p.68
Appendix Five Robustness check for the potential problem of heteroskedasticity --- p.74
Reference --- p.75

Mok Chung To Gabriel & Tam Sin Lung.
"Architecture Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Master of Architecture Programme 2001-2002, design report."
"HK Residential Design Model Morphology of Hong Kong Residential Design by Nelson S.L. TAM and Gabriel C.T. MOK advised by Prof. Vito D. Bertin, Tectonic Studio, 2001 - 2002" --- p.P1 - P3
"Model of Variation Experimenting Tectonics in Residential Design by Nelson S.L. TAM advised by Prof. Vito D. Bertin, Tectonic Studio, 2001 - 2002" --- p.P4 - P6
"Tectonics of Tower Exploration on Highrise Residential Space by Gabriel C.T. MOK advised by Prof. Vito D. Bertin, Tectonic Studio, 2001 - 2002" --- p.P7 - P9

by Elmer Anthony H. Olaer.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 105-108).
Table of Contents --- p.i
List of Figures --- p.iii
List of Tables --- p.v
List of Appendices --- p.vi
Glossary --- p.vii
Abstract --- p.viii
Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter Chapter 2 --- Background --- p.6
Urban location --- p.6
Estate planning --- p.9
Non-Residential Facilities --- p.13
Streets and parking --- p.15
Pedestrian Walkways --- p.16
Open Spaces --- p.17
Chapter Chapter 3 --- Daily Life --- p.19
Mornings --- p.20
Noontime --- p.22
Evenings --- p.23
Chapter Chapter 4 --- Mei Foo Sun Chuen --- p.24
Background --- p.24
Estate Masterplan --- p.26
Residential Towers --- p.27
Non-residential facilities --- p.28
Street System --- p.30
Pedestrian Paths --- p.32
Open Spaces --- p.33
Summary --- p.36
Chapter Chapter 5 --- Tai Koo Shing --- p.37
Background --- p.37
Subdivisions within the estate --- p.39
Ancillary community facilities --- p.41
Internal Street System --- p.44
Internal and External Pedestrian Walkways --- p.45
Open spaces --- p.47
Summary --- p.51
Chapter Chapter 6 --- Whampoa Garden --- p.52
Background --- p.52
15residential and commercial sites --- p.54
Residential Towers --- p.55
Ancillary community facilities --- p.55
Streets --- p.57
Pathways --- p.60
Open Spaces --- p.62
Summary --- p.66
Chapter Chapter 7 --- Summary and Discussion --- p.67
Urban location --- p.67
Planning of estates --- p.65
The residential towers and the cruciform --- p.72
Ancillary community facilities --- p.74
Streets and parking --- p.78
Pedestrian walkways --- p.81
Open spaces and recreational spaces --- p.83
Chapter Chapter 8 --- Conclusion and Recommendations --- p.91
Appendix 1 --- p.98
Appendix 2 --- p.99
Appendix 3 --- p.100
Appendix 4 --- p.101
Appendix 5 --- p.102
Appendix 6 --- p.103
Appendix 6 --- p.104
Bibliography --- p.105

Orientação: Vasco Maria Tavela de Sousa Santos Pinheiro
O tema escolhido para a realização deste trabalho, foi a elaboração de um projeto de arquitetura para construção de um edifício habitacional multifamiliar em meio urbano consolidado (Estrela). A elaboração deste trabalho tem dois principais objetivos. Um objetivo é refletir sobre a problemática da reabilitação dos edifícios multifamiliares em meio urbano consolidado na cidade de Lisboa e outro é sobre a questão de como o projeto deve ser resolvido fase atual legislação e regulamentação em vigor. Pretende-se contribuir para o melhoramento da experiência do habitante no interior da habitação, dando ao mesmo a liberdade de adaptar a habitação para diferentes hábitos, fases e atividades. Este conceito possibilita que o fogo seja dinâmico, flexível e reversível consoante as necessidades de cada um. Em suma, esta dissertação procura, através do conceito referido, proporcionar uma solução arquitetónica válida tanto para o habitante como para a cidade em que se insere no atual contexto económico e social.
The chosen theme for this work was the elaboration of an architecture project for the construction of a multi-familiar residential building in a consolidated urban area (Estrela). The elaboration of this piece has two main goals. One of them is to reflect upon the issue of rehabilitation of multi-familiar buildings in a consolidated urban area in Lisbon, and another on how the project should be decided regarding the legislation and regulation in place. The intention is to contribute to the improvement of the resident’s experience in the residence’s interior, giving them the freedom to adapt that residence to different habits, stages, and activities. This concept allows for the housing to be dynamic, flexible, and reversible depending on each person’s necessities. All in all, this dissertation seeks, through the aforementioned concept, to provide a valid architectural solution both for the resident and for its city in the current socio-economic background.