To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Domestic migration.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Domestic migration'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Domestic migration.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Manduca, Robert Allen. "Domestic migration networks in the United States." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90208.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2014.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 63-67).<br>In recent years, there has been substantial interest in understanding urban systems at the national and global scales: what are the economic and social ties that link cities together, and what is the network structure formed by such ties? At the same time, human capital accumulation is increasingly seen as a, primary driver of regional economic growth. Domestic migration patterns have the potential to illuminate the social and economic connections among cities, while also highlighting economically significant flows of human capital. In this thesis I examine the US city system through the lens of gross migration flows, taking advantage of unusually complete data on county-to-county migration compiled annually by the IRS. I compare the observed flows to those predicted by the radiation model. Finding most notably that there are far more long-distance migrants than would be predicted based on the spatial distribution of population alone. I then use reciprocal migration patterns to construct a migration network connecting metro areas in the United States. I utilize current-flow centrality measures to identify the most prominent nodes in this weighted network. Additionally, I use repeated applications of the Louvain community detection algorithm to identify reasonably robust communities within the migration network. These exhibit a striking degree of spatial contiguity.<br>by Robert Allen Manduca.<br>M.C.P.
2
Han, Donglin. "International migration and domestic politics : perspectives from overseas return migration in China, 1920-2007 /." View abstract or full-text, 2009. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?SOSC%202009%20HAN.
Full text
3
Ketema, Naami. "Female Ethiopian Migrant Domestic Workers: An Analysis of Migration, Return-Migration and Reintegration Experiences." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/18495.
Full textAbstract:
This study explores the different effects of gendered migration focusing on migration, return migration and reintegration challenges and opportunities facing female Ethiopian migrant returnees from Middle East countries. It looks into the different stages of migration to understand some of the cultural, economic and social transformations women domestic workers experience as immigrants and laborers in the Gulf region and upon their return to Ethiopia. In doing so, the study examines the different ways women try to renegotiate and reintegrate with their families and communities.
In-depth interviews with eighteen women returnees reveal the uneven distribution of experiences and outcomes of gendered migration. However, there exists some consistency in the disruptive and disempowering effect of these experiences in the destination countries that usually extend after return. Post return experiences reveal that the renegotiations of women returnees on issues of reception, economic betterment, relationship rebuilding and exercising agency with families and communities are often stressful, isolating and disempowering.
4
Humbane, Jossias Helder Jamisse. "Empregados do Quintal (male domestic workers) in Nampula city: Domestic work, masculinities and matrilinearity." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6655.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Artium - MA<br>This study questions why domestic work that is generally considered a feminine job is yet a field dominated by men in the city of Nampula, Mozambique. In the attempt to explain this phenomenon, the research explores economic, social and cultural aspects. Due to the fact that Nampula is a province with a strong Islamic presence and the majority of the population identify themselves as belonging to the Makhuwa ethnic group—which is traditionally defined by a matrilinear kinship system—I argue that the domestic sector remaines masculinised because of the influence of the matrilinear values and gendered practices. I also argue that the Islamic patriarchal values play a decisive role as men see themselves as the exclusive family providers and for that reason forbid their wives to develop and to get engaged in economic activities outside the household. This study also explores notions of masculinity in connection with domestic work and examines how male domestic workers, coming from rural areas and employed in the city, perceive and perform their masculine identities. How does the job of the domestic worker shape particular understandings of masculinity? Given the fact that many domestic workers in Nampula are immigrant people from the rural areas of the Zambézia province, I argue that migrating and working in the city is considered as a way to achieve a manhood as immigrants have access to goods that can only be purchased in urban contexts and are scarce in the villages. The access to all these “modern” commodities and the experience of the city make the immigrant young boys to gain respect in their original communities.
5
Andall, Jaqueline Maria. "Libere insieme? : gender, migration and domestic work in Italy." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.502062.
Full text
6
Frantz, Elizabeth. "Exporting subservience : Sri Lankan women's migration for domestic work in Jordan." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.551335.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is an anthropological study of Sri Lankan 'guest' workers in the Middle East, focusing on the experiences of women who migrate to Jordan for employment in domestic service. More than 1 00,000 women depart Sri Lanka for such work each year, giving Sri Lanka one of the highest rates of female migration in the world. A large body of literature exists concerning the growth of Asian migration to Arab countries, yet relatively little has been written about migrants' experiences in host countries. Based on dual-sited fieldwork conducted over the course of 24 months, the thesis provides an ethnographic contribution both at the point of origin and re-entry (i.e. Sri Lanka) and at the destination point (i.e. Jordan). It draws on research in a village in western Sri Lanka to examine the factors compelling women to migrate for these jobs and how they evaluate the consequences of doing so for themselves and their families. The second part of the thesis addresses migrants' experiences and working conditions during their sojourns. The analysis aims to move beyond typically one-sided accounts of domestic work by considering the perspectives of both workers and employers and probing the complex relations between them. In doing so, it considers the kafa/a (sponsorship) system by which guest workers are effectively bonded to their employers for the terms of their service. According to this system, migrants are dependent on local sponsors for entry visas and work permits, cannot change employers or quit without the sponsor's permission and can be sent back to their own countries at any time. The research focuses on the example of Sri Lankan migrants to illuminate workers' experiences of the kafa/a system and analyse the links between state policies, guest worker programmes and contemporary forms of unfree labour.
7
Sharma, Paudel Nawaraj. "UNITED STATES’ DOMESTIC TRADE AND DOMESTIC MIGRATION DURING 1993 - 2017 : THE ROLE OF POLITICS, FOREIGN IMPORT, AND SIZE." OpenSIUC, 2021. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1936.
Full textAbstract:
In the present dissertation, we study the United States’ domestic trade and domesticmigration with special focus on Politics, Foreign Import and Size. This study sheds light on the literature of International Economics, Regional Economics, and Development Economics. In Chapter 1, using a Gravity model for trade between the U.S. states and employing CFS data of the year 1993 - 2017, we find that politically and economically similar states trade more among themselves. We use three different definitions of political similarity based on election outcomes, and they all give similar results. For economic similarities, we follow the literature on Linder’s hypothesis. In Chapter 2, by using the same CFS data and Gravity model which we have used in Chapter 1, we analyze the impact of foreign imports by the States on their domestic exports. We find fairly strong support for our hypothesis that foreign imports promote domestic exports. We carry out a series of robustness checks, and the qualitative results remain the same. Chapter 3 investigates the impact of size on the U.S. inter-state migration over the period of 1998-2017 employing structural gravity model of migration. We use population, GDP and Land area as a proxy to measure the size of the states. We find that people are moving from big states to small states. We find that the American’s are moving from big states to small states. We also find that increase in income tax as a proportion of population in U.S. states, positively affect the interstate migration in the origin state but negatively affect the destination state.
8
Keeble, Charlotte Emma. "African American domestic servants in Pittsburgh during the Great Depression." Thesis, Brunel University, 2000. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324652.
Full text
9
Bowstead, Janet Christine. "The extent and implications of women's forced migration journeys to escape domestic violence." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.595311.
Full textAbstract:
Whilst policy makers and practitioners focus on what works in particular local areas to tackle and prevent domestic violence against women, many individual women (often with their children) move away from their local area. either temporarily or permanently. Much of this migration is necessarily secret as they are escaping an abuser who intimately knows their habits and interests, friends and family, and may well try to track them down. Since the establishment of women's refuges in the 1970s, there have to some extent been places of safety to flee to; but many women leave the abuse without knowing this, or without being able to secure a place in a refuge, or go to informal contacts such as family and friends. In addition, refuge services face an increasing tension between the local basis of their funding and the fact that most women accessing their services have, of necessity, travelled from elsewhere . This research generates and uses a wide range of data sources· administrative data, surveys, interviews, and creative groupwork - to explore the extent and the implications of the journeys women make to escape domestic violence. Quantifying women's journeys to access services throughout England provides a measure of the extent of migration journeys, the distances travelled; and mapping indicates the geographical patterns and helps explore the processes. Women's experiences, provided via interviews and photography, evidence the degrees of force and agency within different stages of their journeys; and the practical and emotional impacts of their relocation. The research provides a new conceptualisation of women's domestic violence journeys; relating them to understandings of forced migration. It provides measures of the extent and implications at a range of geographical scales: individual, local Authority and nationally within the UK. It also draws out specific consequences of these conceptual and evidential developments for service provision and policy within the UK. 1
10
Gunzelmann, Janine. "Intersecting Oppressions of Migrant Domestic Workers : (In)Securities of Female Migration to Lebanon." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-91402.
Full textAbstract:
This Master’s thesis explores the intersection of powers that create (in)secure female migration to Lebanon. It contributes to a growing literature corpus about the lives of women, originating from South/ South-East Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, who migrate to Lebanon to work in the domestic work sector. Ongoing exploitations of migrant domestic workers (MDWs) under Lebanon’s migration regime, the kafala system, have been documented in detail. Yet, the question about which overlapping powers actually shape the migratory experience of MDWs calls for closer inspection – especially in light of previous unidirectional analyses that seem to obscure the intersectional experiences of migrant women. By uncovering intersecting systems of domination and subordination, this analysis aims to deconstruct oppressive powers and to answer the research question about which powers create (in)secure female migration to Lebanon. This objective is approached through ethnographic-qualitative methods of semi-structured interviewing and participant observation during a seven-week field research in Lebanon. Data contributed by research participants, i.e. MDWs themselves and individuals that have experience in supporting them, are analyzed through an intersectional lens that acknowledges the multifacetedness of MDWs as social beings comprised of overlapping and intersecting dynamic facets. This analysis argues for multiple levels and layers that create an enmeshed web of interacting categories, processes and systems that render female migration insecure. Detected underlying powers range from global forces over specific migration regulations to societal structures that are based on sexism, racism, cultural othering and class differences - amongst others. These forces are impossible to deconstruct in isolation because they function through each other. Their multilevel intersections lead to power imbalances between worker and employer, isolation and invisibility of the former on several levels as well as the commodification, dehumanization and mobility limitations of MDWs. Yet, female labor migrants counter these intersecting powers through creative and dynamic acts of resistance and self-empowerment and, thus, prove that the dismantling of overlapping oppressions calls for intersecting multilevel deconstructions.
11
Withers, Matthew Anthony. "Remittance Economy: Migration-Underdevelopment in Sri Lanka." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16469.
Full textAbstract:
Sri Lanka's integration at the lower tiers of a (re)globalising world economy has entailed the mass migration of low-skilled and domestic workers employed as temporary contract labour throughout the oil-economies of West Asia. Foreign employment of this kind began after neoliberal economic restructuring in 1977 and, by facilitating remittance transfers, has since become a dominant livelihood strategy for households and the largest source of export earnings for the economy. Dominant policy-level assumptions of a mutually-beneficial ‘triple win’ between migrants and their countries of origin and destination posit temporary labour migration will produce positive economic outcomes for all involved. Yet while labour-receiving economies clearly benefit from exploiting reserve armies of labour and care, the developmental implications of remittance transfers for migrant households and sending economies remain empirically ambiguous and relatively under-theorised. Employing a multiscalar analysis of migration outcomes – spanning individual households, local communities, the macro-economy and global patterns of capital accumulation – this thesis demonstrates how cumulatively causative processes at structural, institutional and agency levels have left Sri Lanka a precariously uneven and remittance-dependent economy. Sri Lanka’s dilemma hinges on a central contradiction: uneven development has forced marginalised populations into foreign employment, only for their remittances to maintain the model of development they themselves are excluded from. The dualistic nature of remittance capital, as both an individual income transfer and an aggregate foreign exchange inflow, is fundamental to this dynamic. Fieldwork findings from over 100 interviews with migrant returnees suggest that a combination of rigid economic geography, exploitative recruitment networks and the social importance of status consumption have resulted in few lasting benefits from foreign employment. Most migrants achieved subsistence rather than ‘success’, while those from more disadvantaged communities often return indebted. Whilst remittance transfers have generally produced one-off or transient benefits for migrant households, their aggregated inflows have cushioned Sri Lanka’s trade deficit and buoyed the rupee to underwrite international loans that sustain uneven development by financing large infrastructural projects orientated explicitly to capital and the urban economy. Although evoking the pretence of stability, Sri Lanka’s remittance-driven development has complex implications for trade and production, to the effect of undermining domestic industry and limiting local spillovers from remittance consumption. With increasing remittance inflows needed to buffer a widening current account deficit and maintain macroeconomic stability, Sri Lanka has become entwined in an unsustainable and seemingly intractable path dependence on temporary labour migration as a substitute for substantive economic development.
12
Frey, Reik. "International and domestic Migration Patterns : International immigration effect on internal out-migration patterns in the German states between 1993 and 2016." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 1994. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44226.
Full textAbstract:
Internal migration has frequently been subject of empirical research. This study attempts to find a relationship between international immigration and internal out-migration in all German states, covering the time period between 1993 and 2016. The underlying theories were established by Card et al. (2008), Schlömer (2012), Florida (2002) and Chiswick and Miller (2015). These were used to develop a modified version of the gravity model. The dataset was received from the Federal Statistical Office of Germany (Statistisches Bundesamt). The regressions were executed using a fixed effects model and a pooled OLS as a robustness check. The empirical findings suggest no evidence of a statistically significant effect of international immigration on internal out-migration patterns in the covered period. Control variables suggest policymakers to focus on other factors when the effects of immigration policies on internal out-migration are being considered.
13
Howard, Nancy Jill. "Reinterpreting the influence of domestic ideology on women and their families during westward migration." Virtual Press, 1992. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/834147.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to reinterpret the influence of domestic ideology on middle-class Anglo women during westward migration using the Oregon Trail as a case study. By analyzing traditional cultural constructs which portrayed women as "reluctant drudges" or " stoic helpmates," a new paradigm for trail women emerged. The inculcated tenets of domesticity, comprised of a domestic routine and a values system, seemed to have equipped women with domestically-related role identities, and thus facilitated the accommodation of these women to the challenges of trail life. In addition, this ideology served as the basis for establishing relationships with Native American women, for Anglo women recognized similaritiesbetween the domestic routine of Native Americans and themselves. Finally, shared domestic chores and values enabled Anglo women to develop non-competitive, mutually beneficial relationships with each other, in contrast to the often competitive nature of interaction between men.<br>Department of History
14
CANCELLARIO, CHIARA. "Re-building institutions through diaspora engagement: the impact of skilled migration on domestic change." Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/201117.
Full textAbstract:
As a massive process of change, migration has an impact on several aspects of economies and
societies, affecting both the countries of origin and settlement. The so-called “migration and
development nexus” highlights those positive contributions under an economic and monetary
perspective, looking at the effects of remittances on livelihood of individuals and communities. It is
clear that diaspora and migrants do not remit just money, but a complex system of ideas, values and
knowledge, which also impacts on societies. Given this premise, the research aim is to find out to
what extent skilled diaspora may act an actor of institutional change, looking at specific initiatives
of development where diaspora is engaged within single institutions in the countries of origin. The
empirical analysis aims at an impact assessment which follows the Lipset’s concepts of Legitimacy
and Effectiveness. The qualitative study object of the dissertation has allowed to have a picture of
the conditions according to which diaspora’s impact on institutions is positive, also giving an
insight of the “diaspora agenda” on development.
15
Manchenko, Maryna. "DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF “GENERATION 1.5” IN ITALY: THE IMPACT OF MIGRATION." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/370799.
Full textAbstract:
The present doctoral thesis is the result of the research activities conducted as a part of my PhD at the Department of Human Rights at Università degli Studi di Palermo.
The research aimed to examine the impact the fact of migration has on the situation with domestic violence in the context of migrants of Generation 1.5 in Italy. Migrant families in Europe are increasingly experiencing domestic violence and as they represent a vulnerable and marginalised part of the society, it makes researching of the phenomenon challenging.
The “Generation 1.5” – people who migrated at the age of 5-19 years, whether it’s with their families or following their family on the family reunification procedure – are one of the most vulnerable groups inside migrant communities. In the majority of cases they didn’t make a choice to migrate and took the fact of migration quite hard, as for them it meant leaving the familiar surroundings, school, friends and having to adapt to a new country, language and culture. Many of them lived through an abandonment of a sort, as in many communities one or both of the parents migrate first, leaving their children with their relatives for a period of a few years, and after reaching the country of destination had to re-meet their parents.
This phenomenon creates new situations of vulnerability and conflicts, which, as the result, often leads to situations of domestic violence – direct and witnessed.
Through the cases of migrant communities, this research will discover whether the fact of migration in the contest of Generation 1.5 can trigger domestic violence, which forms and why. This research is informed by feminist standpoint theory which suggests that research, particularly which focused on power relations, should begin with the lives of the marginalized. To research this topic, I am using qualitative methods approach: a comparison of personal interviews conducted with people who suffered domestic violence, community leaders, religious leaders and social workers.
16
Li, Cheng. "Integration of China's domestic market during the reform era." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00559256.
Full textAbstract:
On the occasion of the thirtieth anniversary of China's economic transition, this thesis deals with several facets of the integration of Chinese domestic market over such an exciting era. Chapter 1 discusses first a variety of institutional reforms aimed at reinforcing the central control over regional affairs and improving the integration of domestic market. Several stylised facts about the local protectionism, which come from a recent survey implemented by a respected institution, are also illustrated in the chapter. Chapter 2 offers a brief review of the literature relative to China's internal integration. Generally speaking, the studies have proceeded along six major lines: similarity of production structure, price convergence, synchronization of business cycles, domestic trade linkages, interregional capital mobility and population migration. Chapter 3 examines the trade pattern within China. In the spirit of McCallum (1995), we find that after controlling for various traditional gravity factors, the trade flows within a Chinese province are 23 to 28 times as dense as those between provinces over the period of 1992-2003. Such findings suggest a highly fragmented product market within China. A trend toward market integration is, however, derived from the evolution analysis. The regressions by sub-period samples show that since the mid-1990s, the magnitudes of border effects have exhibited a dramatic decline. Chapter 4 investigates the capital mobility and capital allocation efficiency among Chinese provinces. We show first that the provincial savings and investment rates are significantly and positively correlated over the period of 1978-2006. According to the Feldstein-Horioka's argument (1980), this relationship can be interpreted as evidence of low capital mobility. Furthermore, by testing the causality between provincial aggregate investment and income, we fail to provide consistent evidence to support the hypothesis of efficient capital allocation in China. Chapter 5 addresses the labor force migration among Chinese regions. After a short introduction of reforms of hukou system, we derive a simple wage gap equation including education level, market potential and provincial border indicator as explaining variables. In using city and sector-level data, we find that other things being equal, the wage dispersions within provincial borders are significantly less pronounced than those among provinces over the period of 2003-2005. According to the law of one price, such findings imply a weak mobility of labor force among provinces.
17
Calleman, Catharina. "Cultural exchange or cheap domestic labour : constructions of "au pair" in four Nordic countries." Umeå universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-71284.
Full text
18
Kemnitz, Alexander. "Immigration, unemployment and domestic welfare /." Tübingen : Mohr Siebeck, 2006. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0708/2006502650.html.
Full text
19
Montgomery, Mary Elizabeth. "Hired to be daughters : domestic service among ordinary Moroccans." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:06f23e4f-095b-4136-884c-72a45cc2c363.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores why shaʿbī (roughly, ‘ordinary’) Moroccans so often talk about their domestic workers as daughters, what this means for workers and employers, and how this is changing as community gives way to market. It brings together ethnographic study of urban shaʿbī society, of unmarried rural women who work as domestics, and of the communities from which the latter migrate. Drawing on anthropological discussions of kinship and fosterage, the thesis examines the fading tradition of ‘bringing up’ in which, according to a moral economy, a ‘known’ rural girl could properly be placed in the homes of wealthier Moroccans until marriage. This is giving way to new arrangements in which ‘unknown’ workers are paid a wage and may not stay long, but in which the ethics of charity, religious reward and gratitude still inform expectations from both sides. Geared to play out among neighbours, or at least well-known clients, over a lifetime, these ethics are being disrupted by the easy-come-easy-go of strangers. The thesis contributes to some fundamental concerns of economic anthropology: the atomisation of market exchange, the growing importance of physical marketplaces, and the meanings encoded in a monetary wage versus payment in kind. By putting together perspectives from domestics’ leisure time and life back home, it also questions the relationship between the commodification of labour and individualism. Finally, the thesis discusses a draft law which, if enforced, would mean employing domestics no longer made sense for shaʿbī Moroccans, state intervention respresenting a move away from local forms of empowerment and community. At a broader level, the thesis is concerned with households as internally hierarchical units linked together through exchange to make up society and explores the gendered dimension of household economy in a wider world. This, of course, reaches beyond Morocco, and parallels are suggested with English domestic service.
20
Guo, Man. "Migration experience of floating population in China a case study of women migrant domestic workers in Beijing /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B35318387.
Full text
21
Guo, Man, and 郭漫. "Migration experience of floating population in China: a case study of women migrant domestic workers in Beijing." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B35318387.
Full text
22
Kennelly, Estelle M. "Culture of indifference : dilemmas of the Filipina domestic helpers in Hong Kong." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/509.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, an examination of the everyday experiences of the contract migrant Filipina domestic helpers exposes a culture of indifference which pervades the Hong Kong society on all levels--individual, community, and judiciary. At the centre of the abuses inflicted upon the Helpers is the employment contract with extraordinarily restrictive terms which promotes abuse by many employers. This study also looks at the transnational informal social infrastructure which has been organized by the Filipino community to mediate the hostile working environment engendered by the indifference of the global economic and political climate upon their lives. Faced with the task of implementing new policies for controlling labour migration into Hong Kong, the legislators have focused on the end result and finding the means with which to accomplish their goal. Embedded within this process are unexamined cultural mores and practices. Although the starting point is to benefit the community, by providing domestic helpers to serve the middle and upper class households, too often the abusive consequences to individual migrants are ignored as the women become the means to an end. Migration has often been viewed as an aberration to the notion of the sedentary community. Treated as an anomaly, it is the migrant who problematizes simple theoretical positions of social organization and structure. The migrant is always treated as the one who does not conform to the ideal community and is conveniently merged into existing social categories, such as the lower status of women in Hong Kong, and the lower status of domestic workers -- relegated thereby to the periphery of the society's consciousness.
23
Celik, Nihal. "Immigrant Domestic Women Workers In Ankara And Istanbul." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606539/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This study focuses on the relationship between global economy and women&rsquo<br>s labor within a feminist standpoint by examining the personal and occupational experiences of immigrant women doing domestic work in Turkey. The main concern of this study is to investigate how working and living experiences of immigrant domestic women workers in Turkey are shaped by their illegal worker and immigrant status. The aim of this study is to listen to the personal experiences of immigrant domestic women workers from themselves, and understand their working conditions and social life experiences in Turkey.
There emerged a trend in trading domestic workers between the poor and rich countries since 1990s where many parties, including governments, illegal recruitment agencies, and individual employers benefited. The high unemployment, poverty, shortfalls in living standards, and loss of government-sponsored public services due to the IMF policies implemented by the governments of developing countries severely affected poor and women. For their family survival, women of developing countries forced to migrate in order to seek domestic work in richer countries, where there is a high demand of middle class women for domestic workers. On the other hand, since domestic work is devalued as informal work, policy-makers do not pay sufficient attention, and provide a legal framework regulating the recruitment process and protecting the rights of immigrant domestic women workers. Therefore, immigrant domestic women workers are in a vulnerable position and open to exploitation due to their illegal and immigrant status.
Turkey has been one of the domestic worker exporting countries since early 1990s mostly from post-Soviet countries. However, she neither has bilateral agreements with the sending countries nor a legal framework protecting the rights of immigrant domestic women workers. Hence, immigrant women are subject to arbitrary treatment and exploitation both in their workplace and outside, and remained invisible.
24
Woldemichael, Selamawit. "The Vulnerability of Ethiopian Rural Women and Girls : The Case of Domestic Workers in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-200629.
Full textAbstract:
The migration of economically and socially marginalized rural Ethiopian women and girls is becoming an accelerating phenomenon. Although the displacement is disguised by voluntary labour migration, their vulnerable position makes them easy targets creating a fertile ground for traffickers. The purpose of this study is identifying the causes of the plights Ethiopian domestic workers are facing in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. The study is conducted in light of phenomenological framework aiming to understand the problem through the lived experiences of returnee victims. In-depth interviews with key informants are conducted in order to acquire a broader insight of the root causes and consequences of the problem. Findings of this research indicate that intersections of multiple identities; such as gender, class, race as well as religion, shape the standpoints of Ethiopian women as vulnerable. The themes of the result from interviews and observations are discussed in line with the relevant theoretical explanation provided in the study. In addition, the obstacles that challenge the effort of combating women trafficking is also discussed in accordance with the research question. This contributes to a further understanding of the challenges Ethiopian women face as domestic workers abroad.
25
Demiryontar, Birce. "The shaping of the Turkish migration policy : competing influences between the European Union, international organisations and domestic authorities." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/67340/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis studies Turkish migration policies as an outcome of the interactions between the European Union, international organisations (UNHCR, IOM) and domestic migration governance. Counterbalancing a tendency in the literature to focus on external influences and specifically the EU's power over candidate countries, Turkish migration policy is seen to result from interrelationships between external and domestic actors that vary according to context of policy type, time and relative balance of power between the actors. Changes in international relations, Turkey's relationship with the EU, and internal to migration governance, can relativize the power asymmetry between EU and Turkey, leading to opportunities for domestic authorities to exert influence. The study has a comparative design across four cases of migration policy decision-making and by actor-type. This allows investigation of interrelations and an actor's efforts to exert influence relative to the others. A prominent policy is examined for each of the main four fields of Turkish migration policy: legislative reform (Law on Foreigners and International Protection), irregular migration (EU-Turkey readmission agreement), regular migration (adoption of the EU's visa lists) and asylum (removal of geographical limitation clause from the 1951 Refugee Convention). Document analysis is supplemented by original data from twenty-one semi-structured interviews, conducted with experts from Turkish Ministries, international organisations and the EU Commission. The main finding is that the degree of external influence over Turkish migration policy is contextually shaped, by time, the substance of a specific policy field, and most notably by the degree to which a policy field is politicised. EU influence is strongest when a policy field is politicised and driven by ‘conditionality'. International organisations are less influential actors but present in shaping more technocratic and less politicised policies through ‘social policy learning'. Turkish authorities exert clear agency and use international negotiations to gain leverage to advance domestic migration interests.
26
Creswick, Helen Emma. "'Women under the radar' : the intersection of migration and domestic violence explored through the framework of '(un)deservingness'." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41494/.
Full textAbstract:
Victims of domestic violence may commonly be constructed as ‘deserving’ of state support, however the intersection of migration and domestic violence complicates such matters, often rendering migrant women with an irregular immigration status as ‘undeserving’. This thesis bridges the gap between literatures on migration and domestic violence by using the framework of ‘(un)deservingness’ to explore the lives of women with an irregular immigration status who experience domestic violence. Interviews were conducted with women with an irregular immigration status, primarily focusing on those who overstay their visas, as well as professionals who provide support to women. Drawing on interview data, the thesis explores the nuanced ways in which the intersection of migration and domestic violence plays out in the lives of women. It considers how abusive partners use the label and political context around having an irregular immigration status in the UK, as a tool to exacerbate the domestic violence. By focusing on lived experiences, the study also draws attention to women’s fears in managing the complexity around holding this immigration status in their daily lives. Moreover, the thesis explores the structural violence and other barriers which this sub-group of migrant women encounter when seeking support, which is often shaped by their social position and the nature of their immigration status, particularly for those who have No Recourse to Public Funds (NRPF). The NRPF label signals that the state construes such women as ‘undeserving’, and this has very real consequences particularly in the context of domestic violence.
27
Briones, Leah, and leahb@adam com au. "Beyond agency and rights: capability, migration and livelihood in Filipina experiences of domestic work in Paris and Hong Kong." Flinders University. Centre for Development Studies, 2006. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20070129.080025.
Full textAbstract:
More and more women from poor areas of the world are migrating to rich countries for domestic work. Given the increasing published research on their exploitation and slavery, much policy action has been oriented towards their protection as victims. Far from protecting the livelihood needs of these migrant workers, however, this victim-based approach has instead resulted in legitimising the protection of rich countries borders. An emerging perspective underscoring migrant womens agency is producing a counter-approach that fights for migrant workers rights: not as victims but as workers. Yet despite this important development in research and policy agendas, increasing inequality in the global economy and stringent immigration policies render a rights-based approach ineffective. From poor countries, and with very limited livelihood options, these migrant women choose overseas domestic work often at the expense of their human rights. As migrants, they are outsiders whose rights are superseded by the rights of the sovereign, receiving-state.
How is it possible then, to protect the rights of these workers? This thesis employs Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaums Capability Approach to evaluate the efficacy of these womens agency in overcoming victimisation. This evaluation gives equal consideration to the victim and rights-based perspectives. It synthesises the Capability Approach with Anthony Giddens Structuration Theory in order to reconcile the polarised theories underlying the victim and rights-based perspectives - feminist structural theory and migration agency theory, respectively. In so doing, the study is able to refine the conceptualisation of agency from the highly ambiguous rights-based approach, to a more theoretically sound and feasible capability approach. The main hypothesis is that agency requires capability to successfully mediate victimisation; agency in itself is insufficient. The study draws on the experiences of Filipina overseas domestic workers in Paris and Hong Kong to test this hypothesis, and demonstrates how it is capability that can turn the slave into the worker, and protect the worker from turning into a slave.
28
Mayer, Matthias M. "Governmental preferences on liberalising economic migration policies at the EU level : Germany's domestic politics, foreign policy, and labour market." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2011. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/370/.
Full textAbstract:
The academic debate about European cooperation on immigration has focused on big treaty negotiations, presented an undifferentiated picture of the subfields of immigration, and has only recently begun to make use of the abundant literature on national immigration policies. As a macrostructure, this study uses a bureaucratic politics framework to understand the preference formation of national governments on liberalising economic migration policies. This allows unpacking the process of preference formation and linking it to a number of causal factors, which, by influencing the cost and benefits distribution of the relevant actors – intra-ministerial actors, employer associations, trade unions, and other sub-state actors – shape the position of the government. The influence of the causal factors is underpinned by different theories derived from the literatures on Europeanisation, immigration policy-making, and foreign policy. Germany is used as a longitudinal case study with four cases within it, as it has undergone a U-turn in a way no other relevant Member State has, from a keen supporter of EU involvement to being highly sceptical with regard to economic migration policies at the EU level. The empirical data is based on 43 open-ended interviews, archival research and newspaper analysis. The bureaucratic politics framework supplanted with the theoretical strands of domestic politics and foreign policy concerns provides a number of themes that can explain why and under what conditions a Member State supports liberalising economic migration policies at the EU level from 1957 until the Treaty of Lisbon. The thesis argues that if the European policy measure applies to a particular group of sending countries and the domestic salience of immigration is low, sending countries can lobby Member State governments to support EU-level liberalisation of immigration policies. The misfit between the existing national regulations for economic migration and European-level policies cannot be significant as otherwise the economic and political adaptation costs for actors involved are too high. A heated national debate on immigration is negatively related to governmental support for such measures as the political costs of support skyrocket. Conversely, if the decision-making process happens bureaucratically, this helps to attain governmental support as the political costs of doing so are kept minimal.
29
Zhunusova, Eliza [Verfasser]. "Agricultural development in the Kyrgyz Republic : the impact of domestic policies, changing macroeconomic conditions, and international migration / Eliza Zhunusova." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1151817171/34.
Full text
30
Giordano, Chiara. "The impact of care, gender and migration regimes on migrant domestic work: a quantitative analysis at the European level." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/270742.
Full textAbstract:
In the light of the recent developments occurred in the domestic sector in Europe and the debate on the externalisation of domestic and care activities, this research explores the impact of gender, care and migration regimes on migrant domestic work. While the number of migrant domestic workers is increasing everywhere in Europe, the cross-national differences in the ethnicisation of the sector remain significant and depend on multiple factors. The literature on domestic work has long recognised the role of welfare/care regimes in determining the degree of externalisation of domestic and care activities and the role of migration regimes in attracting migrant workers. Additionally, the gender regime can also be crucial to understand the recent developments of paid domestic work in Europe.In this dissertation, I present the findings of a quantitative study conducted at the European level, aimed at exploring the interconnection of care, gender and migration regimes and their impact on migrant domestic work in Europe. For this, I have conducted a two-step analysis. First, I have created three typologies of countries, one for each regime, based on relevant indicators, which allowed me to identify clusters of countries that behave similarly with respect to the three regimes. Then, I have tested the effect of the typologies on the ethnicisation of the domestic sector. The findings suggest that the three regimes do have an effect on the concentration of migrants in the domestic sector, and that this effect is greater when the three regimes are taken into account simultaneously.<br>Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
31
GIORDANO, CHIARA. "THE IMPACT OF CARE, GENDER AND MIGRATION REGIMES ON MIGRANT DOMESTIC WORK: A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS AT THE EUROPEAN LEVEL." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/574535.
Full textAbstract:
In the light of the recent developments occurred in the domestic sector in Europe and the debate on the externalisation of domestic and care activities, this research explores the impact of gender, care and migration regimes on migrant domestic work. While the number of migrant domestic workers is increasing everywhere in Europe, the cross-national differences in the ethnicisation of the sector remain significant and depend on multiple factors. The literature on domestic work has long recognised the role of welfare/care regimes in determining the degree of externalisation of domestic and care activities and the role of migration regimes in attracting migrant workers. Additionally, the gender regime can also be crucial to understand the recent developments of paid domestic work in Europe.In this dissertation, I present the findings of a quantitative study conducted at the European level, aimed at exploring the interconnection of care, gender and migration regimes and their impact on migrant domestic work in Europe. For this, I have conducted a two-step analysis. First, I have created three typologies of countries, one for each regime, based on relevant indicators, which allowed me to identify clusters of countries that behave similarly with respect to the three regimes. Then, I have tested the effect of the typologies on the ethnicisation of the domestic sector. The findings suggest that the three regimes do have an effect on the concentration of migrants in the domestic sector, and that this effect is greater when the three regimes are taken into account simultaneously.
32
Atatimur, Neslihan. "Reasons And Consequences Of International Labor Migration Of Women Into Turkey: Ankara Case." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610109/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the thesis is to analyze the reasons and consequences of
international labor migration of women workers into Turkey. With the
process of new global restructuring, transformations in production
structure and labor organization, and rise of informal economy widen the
gap between different geographies and generate a tied demand and supply
relation between female labor and service sector. Today millions of
women who suffer from poverty leave their countries in order to sell their
labor in another country. Turkey has been a popular destination for women
from post-Soviet countries since the 1980s. Many of them enter Turkey
legally in accordance with Turkish visa requirements but become illegal
by overstaying and working in country. Service sectors absorb this female
labor, and many of them are employed as live-in domestic workers.
This study aims to investigate how macro factors of international
migration like global restructuring and transformations in the informal
economy affects meso and micro structures. In this context, this study
focuses on the formation of intermediary agencies and particularly
individual migratory experiences of post-Soviet women in Ankara.
33
Littmann, Linnea, and Lindblad Jenny Höglund. "Different Strokes for Different Folks : An intersectional analysis of the political discourse concerning migrant women exposed to domestic violence in Sweden." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-77574.
Full textAbstract:
The object of this thesis was to deepen the understanding of the contemporary political discourse regarding migrant women exposed to domestic violence. This was conducted by analysing propositions, motions and interpellation debates raising the issue during the years 2000-2012. The method used was inspired by Foucault’s discourse analysis and the traditional hermeneutic approach. The result showed how several different mechanisms work to both include and exclude these women from the Swedish welfare system. By being women they are included in the political debate regarding men’s violence against women, but their migrant status excludes them from it at the same time. When migrant women are exposed to domestic violence it is often seen as an individual problem even though men’s violence against women generally is seen as a structural problem. Several conflicts of interests were also found. One of them being whether migrant women are to be warned if their partners have abused women before. The man’s right to integrity stands against the woman’s right to protection. Another conflict is the fear of the migration right being abused, which is pitted against the migrant women’s rights. To summarize the analysis this thesis has shown how the portraying of migrant women as different in the political discourse plays an important role in creating conflicts of interest and to some extent exclude them from the welfare system. Women’s right seem to apply only to certain women under certain circumstances. An intersectional perspective was necessary for understanding the complexity of the situation, taking into account how different power relations interact and construct the contemporary discourse.
34
Vobecka, Jana. "Spatial dynamics of the population in the Czech Republic (1989 - 2007)." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00575624.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the thesis is to describe, analyse and discuss the development of spatial population dynamics in the Czech Republic between 1989 and 2007. Demographic structure and migration, the two components of spatial population dynamics, are analysed using two spatial dimensions, the urban-suburban-rural gradient and the core-periphery region distinction, using quantitative analyses, including gravity regression modelling of migration. The analysis primarily focuses on domestic migration as the main vehicle of spatial population dynamics. It discusses the structure, determinants, and temporal evolution of migration and its consequences on the population structure in different spatial categories. The thesis indicates that suburbanisation has recently become the main factor influencing Czech spatial population dynamics. The key factor determining migration destination is the social status of migrants, whereas age has only secondary importance. However, since Czechs are not very mobile, population dispersal is less large-scale than in Western-Europe. This explains why recent domestic migration patterns have had only a small measurable influence on the social or demographic structures of the population across spatial categories.
35
Gripenberg, Sophie, and Jonatan Björkman. "The role of poor rural families economic situation in the decision-making process concerning migration : A field study conducted in Kebumen Regency, Java, Indonesia." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för nationalekonomi och statistik (NS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-37154.
Full textAbstract:
The main objective of this bachelor thesis is to analyse the dynamic and complex decision-making process that households with temporary overseas migrating family members do before migrating. The aim of this thesis is to understand why this phenomenon occurs in less developed areas, though the background of the thesis is trying to address the need of positive relationship between migration and development. Based on the theorectical benchmark of neoclassical microeconomic theory and new economics of labour migration theory certain factors were identified that could influence the decision to migrate. By using a mixed method with qualitative semi-structed face-to-face interviews combined with a survey of nine question relating to specific factors this study was able to create an understanding of the reality of migrant households, though a micro field study was conducted in Kebumen regency in Indonesia. The findings clearly shows that temporary overseas migration from less developed areas is a household decision that is influenced by local gender aspects and addressed by new well-functioning established markets for overseas work. Our findings also suggests that temporary migration is a way for the family to spread their risks, related to income and farming activites, and to achive further development, where other markets and institutions do not meet their needs. Policies regarding these gender aspects and the need of institutions that could improve the situation are recommended though remittances in that case might have a more long-term sustainable impact on the households.
36
de, Dios Anjeline Eloisa J. "Crossing Boundaries : The Ethics of the Pubic/Private Divide in Migrant Domestic Work in Europe." Thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Centre for Applied Ethics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19155.
Full textAbstract:
<p> </p><p>The central objective of this thesis is to demonstrate how the concept—or <em>concepts</em>—of the public/private divide actively shapes the conditions of migrant domestic work in Europe. In doing so, I aim to show how European states’ current treatment of migrant domestic work is ethically problematic, and that a sufficient moral response to this dilemma entails a re-evaluation of any operative notions of the public/private distinction.</p><p>The premise of my thesis is that migrants working as domestics suffer human rights abuses due to two distinct but inseparable factors: their gender-based mode of employment and their legal status. I will make the claim that states fail to prevent these abuses, and secure the conditions necessary for the fulfillment of migrants’ human rights, because they assume a morally problematic understanding of the public/private distinction. </p><p>In arguing for a re-evaluation of the public/private sphere, I will likewise propose that certain revisions be accordingly made in several levels and domains of legislation—regional and national, as well as labor and immigration. Less concrete, though no less important, is my contention that receiving and sending countries alike need to undertake a more profound re-examination of the moral status of domestic work, and, more fundamentally, care work itself. </p><p> </p>
37
Abrantes, Manuel. "Out of the penumbra : dispute and alliance in domestic service employment relationship." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7550.
Full textAbstract:
Doutoramento em Sociologia Económica e das Organizações<br>The contemporary features of paid domestic work have been recently documented in a variety of geographic locations, with a notable emphasis on the recruitment of immigrant women to perform cleaning and care tasks in affluent households. This dissertation begins with a review of the existing scholarship on the subject, followed by a discussion of Portugal – and, in particular, the urban area of Lisbon – as a critical case for the empirical examination of domestic service employment relationships today. A complex analytical framework is proposed based on three concomitant processes of structuration in this sector: negotiation, reorganization, and intermediation.
Analysis draws on legal documents, official statistics, and a total sum of 77 semi-structured interviews with domestic employees, private employers, company managers, and members of labour, employer, and activist organizations. Fieldwork took place in Lisbon in the 2011-2013 period. The discussion of first-hand evidence covers working contents and conditions, the changing quality of employee- employer arrangements vis-à-vis social hierarchies of class, gender and ethnicity, and the role of a number of formal institutions engaged in the mediation and transformation of domestic service employment relationships.
While working conditions are found to be substantially heterogeneous and segmented, the overwhelming recruitment of women in this sector remains key to conceal lingering gender asymmetries within households and society at large. The expected transition of domestic service from a paternalistic model to a commodified model – or from a class status to an employment status – is described as gradual and contested at best. Men are still largely absent from the picture; immigrant women still take up many of the least desired positions, particularly as ‘live-in’ direct care providers; symbolic hierarchy and emotional hostage linger on. Nevertheless, the efforts of domestic employees to transform the rules of the game – both individually and through collective organization – have multiplied and gained strength.<br>Os traços contemporâneos do trabalho doméstico remunerado têm sido examinados em diversas localizações geográficas, com uma ênfase assinalável no recrutamento de mulheres imigrantes para desempenhar tarefas de limpeza e cuidados pessoais em lares abastados. A presente dissertação começa por expor uma revisão da literatura sobre o tema, seguindo-se uma discussão de Portugal – e, em particular, da área urbana de Lisboa – como um caso crítico para a investigação empírica das relações de trabalho no serviço doméstico de hoje. Para esse fim, propomos um quadro analítico complexo com base em três processos concomitantes de estruturação do setor: negociação, reorganização e intermediação.
Os dados analisados incluem documentação institucional, estatísticas oficiais e um total de 77 entrevistas semi-estruturadas que realizámos com empregadas e empregadoras do serviço doméstico, gerentes de empresas e membros destacados de organizações sindicais, patronais e ativistas. O trabalho de campo decorreu em Lisboa no período de 2011-2013. A discussão dos dados contempla os conteúdos e as condições de trabalho, a mudança qualitativa dos relacionamentos estabelecidos entre empregada e empregadora face às hierarquias sociais de classe, género e etnicidade, e o papel de algumas instituições formais empenhadas na mediação e transformação das relações de emprego no setor do serviço doméstico.
Se constatamos que as condições de trabalho neste setor são substancialmente heterogéneas e segmentadas, o recrutamento esmagador de mulheres permanece uma peça chave para encobrir a perseverança das assimetrias de género na esfera privada e à escala mais ampla da sociedade. A esperada transição do serviço doméstico de um modelo paternalista para um modelo mercadorizado – ou de um estatuto de classe para um estatuto de emprego – é descrita, à luz dos nossos dados, como gradual e em disputa. Os homens permanecem em larga medida ausentes do panorama; as mulheres imigrantes assumem amiúde as posições menos desejadas, em particular enquanto prestadoras de cuidados diretos em regime de internato; persistem as hierarquias simbólicas e os abusos emocionais. Porém, os esforços das empregadas domésticas para transformar as regras do jogo – quer individualmente, quer através da organização coletiva – têm vindo a multiplicar-se e a ganhar força.
38
Wanka, Ngwetoh Nchangmum. "The interrelationships of violence - from the transnational to the domestic. Experiences of refugee women in Cape Town." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2723.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Artium (Medical Anthropology) - MA(Med Ant)<br>Although gender-based violence has been identified as highly problematic in South Africa, it has not been given much scholarly attention in relation to refugee women. This study focuses on the experience of some of these women who have resettled in Cape Town. The main focus is on gender-based violence and the linkages between conflicts at home, fleeing from it, as well as the problems faced by women when they reach the 'new' country where they are suppose to be safe, but yet continue to experience gender violence. By referring to my own empirical research I try to tease out the many instances of violence and abuse such women face, how they understand and try to make sense of it and how they try to take up their lives in Cape Town. I utilized the much used ecological framework to analyze gender-based violence and argue that, while this 'model' is dynamic and allows one to make analytical linkages across different 'levels' of violence, it nevertheless does not adequately provide for understanding the relationship between larger global and international processes, the connection that women may still have with their countries of origin and the impact of being a refugee or unwanted 'immigrant' in South Africa. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and participant observation. The participants were 25 and a descriptive analysis indicated that three quarter of the women have in one way or the other been abused by their husbands/partners. The findings also indicated that refugee/forced immigrant women just like any other woman
in South Africa do encounter gender-based violence but other factors beyond their control has exacerbated it’s occurrence amongst them. Thus, the findings were based on ethnographic research that analyzed how forced immigrant/refugee women talk about gender-based violence.<br>South Africa
39
Hierofani, Patricia Yocie. ""How dare you talk back?!" : Spatialised Power Practices in the Case of Indonesian Domestic Workers in Malaysia." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-305651.
Full textAbstract:
By taking the experiences and narratives of Indonesian women in Malaysia as the empirical material, this dissertation offers an analysis on spatialised power practices in the context of paid domestic workers. Family survival prompts these women to work abroad, but patriarchal norms shift their economic contribution as supplementary to the men’s role as the breadwinner. The interviews reveal that these women chose Malaysia as their destination country after having listened to oral stories, but despite the transnational mobility involved in their decisions, they are rendered immobile in the employers’ house. Furthermore, the analysis shows an intricate ensemble of power relations in which gender, class and nationality/ethnicity interact with each other, inform and reproduce spatialised domination and labour exploitation practices by the employers. Immigration status of the workers, meanwhile, puts them in a subordinated position in relation to the employers, citizens of the host country. Without the recognition from the state on this particular form of embodied labour, the employers are responsible for defining the working conditions of the workers, leading to precarious conditions. Findings on several resistance practices by the workers complete the analysis of power practices, where resistance is treated as an entangled part of power. Contributing to the study of gendered geographies of exploitation, the study identifies the home and the body as the main levels of analysis; meanwhile, practices at the national level by the state, media and recruitment/placement agencies and globalisation processes are identified as interrelated factors that legitimate the employers’ practices of exploitation. Finally, the dissertation contributes to feminist geography analysis on gender, space, and power through South-South migration empirics.
40
Vermillion, Rebekah D. "Think of the Children: How U.S. Domestic Policy Undermined Good Foreign Policy and Contributed to the 2014 Central American Migration Crisis." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1391.
Full textAbstract:
Why was the United States caught completely unprepared for the Central American refugee crisis during the summer of 2014? Although thousands of unaccompanied children from Honduras, Guatemala, and El Salvador streamed across the southwest U.S. border in unprecedented numbers, the systemic problems plaguing the region stem back decades, and recent data clearly shows a trend of increasing yearly migration flows to the United States from these countries. Even in the face of the crisis, the U.S. government’s response was targeted more towards mitigating the symptoms of the crisis while insufficiently addressing its underlying causes.
This is largely due to U.S. domestic policy, which undermines and conflicts with sound foreign policy. By focusing attention and resources on domestically popular foreign aid programs—primarily security initiatives and drug interdiction—rather than on programs to address the underlying, systemic causes of the crisis, like rampant corruption, lack of rule of law, and extreme poverty, U.S. policy-makers worked against their own best interests. As a result, the number of migrants crossing the U.S. southwestern border is once again rising rapidly. U.S. domestic and foreign policy must be reconciled to ensure that now and in the future, the root causes of migration crises are dealt with once and for all.
41
Mabrouk, Fatma. "Les enjeux économiques de la migration internationale sur le développement des pays d'origine." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40025/document.
Full textAbstract:
Dans le présent travail de recherche, nous proposons, à travers quelques essais empiriques, un nouveau regard sur les enjeux économiques de la migration internationale et le développement des pays d’origine. Tout d’abord, nous commençons par étudier le lien entre la migration internationale et le commerce extérieur en nous appuyant sur des données bilatérales d’un groupe de 27 pays, choisis selon des critères bien particuliers. Les résultats mettent en exergue un lien de complémentarité entre le commerce et la migration. Par la suite, nous étudions l’impact de la migration à travers d’autres canaux de transmissions tels que le capital humain et l’investissement. Il s’agit de retracer l’impact des transferts de fonds des migrants sur la croissance économique des pays d’origine de court et long terme. L’impact est ambigu dans l’espace et le temps. Enfin nous avons choisi de mener une étude complémentaire, à caractère micro-économique, et qui se focalise sur la migration de retour au pays du Maghreb et en particulier en Tunisie. Elle explique comment le migrant de retour contribue au développement de son pays d’origine à travers le canal investissement. Les résultats attestent un biais régional en défaveur de la région du Sud tunisien<br>The present research proposes an attempt at explicitly analyzing the interrelationship between the economic effects of international migration and development in origin countries. By relying on bilateral data of a group of 27 countries selected according to very specific criteria, we start by studying the link between international migration and foreign trade, and show a complementary relationship between trade and migration. Then, we investigate the impact of migration through other transmission channels, such as human capital and investment, in order to trace the impact of migrants' remittances on economic growth of origin countries in the medium and long term. The impact is found ambiguous in space and time. Finally, we perform an additional study, at micro-economic level, which focuses on return migration to the Maghreb countries, with a particular attention to Tunisia. It aims at explaining how return migrants might contribute to the development of origin countries through the investment channel. The results show a regional bias to the detriment of the region of southern of Tunisia
42
Korpi, Martin. "Migration, wage inequality, and the urban hierarchy : empirical studies in international and domestic population movements, wage dispersion and income: Sweden, 1993-2003." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Samhällsekonomi (S), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-1482.
Full text
43
Allouache, Yannis-Adam. "Migration, Gender and the Political Economy of Care: The Exclusion of Migrant Domestic Workers and the Limits of Civic Nationalism in Taiwan." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36625.
Full textAbstract:
My thesis asks why Taiwan does not facilitate a path to citizenship to recent immigrants, despite the obvious advantages to do so, as the government’s attempt to promote its society as a model of civic nationalism in Asia, in relation to the pressing need to address labour shortages caused by population aging. I argue that the political economy of care provision that seeks to address the latter problem trumps concerns over national identity. I will look at the changes in the supply of labour in the sector of care since the 1990s as the evidence. Taiwan illustrates the case of East Asian nations’ rapid transition to post-industrial societies, which are now confronted with acute socio-demographic and care crises stemming from aging populations, low fertility rates and a traditional reliance on the family to provide social welfare. This thesis argues that this change in the supply of labour represents a key indicator of the multiple dimensions of the question of exclusion faced by migrant domestic workers in Taiwan. Civil society actors promoting Taiwan’s civic nationalism in the feminist and labour movements and in a few religious associations are unable to address the rights of foreign live-in caregivers because of the dynamics of the political economy of care in Asia and its dependence on migration for reproductive labour.
44
Botting, Ingrid. "Getting a Grand Falls job, migration, labour markets, and paid domestic work in the pulp and paper mill town of Grand Falls, Newfoundland, 1905-1939." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ62446.pdf.
Full text
45
Cantu, Roselyn. "The Glass Ceiling’s Missing Pieces: Female Migrant Domestic Workers Navigating Neoliberal Globalization in Latin America." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1820.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores globalization’s effects on female migrant domestic workers in Latin America by examining the socioeconomic and political status of Paraguayan and Peruvian domestic workers in Argentina. Through this research, I answer several key questions. First, how does globalization shape neoliberal markets that enforce the exploitative structures of domestic labor? Second, how is gender inequality present in governmental and social discrimination? Third, do the costs of transnational care labor outweigh the benefits? The former two questions are answered by the rising demand for care labor and resulting global care chains that fuel greater cross-border migration and statelessness of female migrants. Additionally, cultural and familial pressures magnify the sexual division of labor and maintain domestic labor’s low social status. Using a gender analysis, I address the last question by concluding that gender inequalities through governmental and social discrimination, plus emotional-familial burdens, outweigh domestic labor’s short-sighted financial prospects and autonomy provided by globalization.
46
Almeida, Tali Pires de. "As imigrantes sul-americanas em São Paulo: o trabalho feminino na construção de trajetórias transnacionais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/84/84131/tde-04062018-144826/.
Full textAbstract:
O foco deste trabalho é a reconstituição das trajetórias de mulheres imigrantes e de suas famílias, originárias da Bolívia, do Paraguai e do Peru com destino ao Brasil, e tem como objetivo analisar as relações sociais transnacionais no processo de migração internacional. Foi possível observar que as relações sociais se expandem para além de um único território nacional. Entre países de origem e destino são mantidas múltiplas conexões, seja por meio do envio de remessas, do contato com familiares ou da manutenção da língua e da cultura. O aumento da participação de mulheres nas migrações internacionais é analisado levando em conta suas motivações e as diferentes redes que mobilizam no processo de migração internacional. Nesse caso, interessa também para a análise investigar como os seguintes fatores têm influenciado neste processo: as relações sociais de sexo, a inserção das mulheres no mercado de trabalho, a organização produtiva da indústria da confecção, a legislação sobre migrações internacionais e os fluxos midiáticos e financeiros no contexto de globalização.<br>The focus of this study is the reconstruction of the pathways of immigrant women and their families, from Bolivia, Paraguay and Peru to Brazil, and aims to analyze the transnational social relations in the process of international migration. From interviews conducted in the city of São Paulo it was possible to capture the different pathways of international migration by giving voice to the subjects involved in this process. It was observed that, in the context of international migration, social relations expand beyond a single country. Between countries of origin and destination, migrants keep multiple connections, either through remittances, the contact with relatives or the maintenance of their native language and culture. The increased participation of women in international migration is analyzed by taking into account their different motivations and the networks they mobilize in the process of international migration. In this case, is interesting as well for the analysis how such factors that have influenced this process: social relations of gender, the participation of women in labor market, the productive organization of the clothing industry, the international migration legislation and the financial and media flows in the context of globalization.
47
Suzuki, Lilian Silva do Amaral. "Entre idas e vindas: trabalho, arranjos familiares e domésticos e expectativas de retorno entre brasileiros no Japão." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3703.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-11-28T13:10:59Z
No. of bitstreams: 2
Dissertação - Lilian Silva do Amaral Suzuki - 2013.pdf: 1177356 bytes, checksum: abf476db32f3c274e42ca11b0ebc4c70 (MD5)
license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-11-28T13:12:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2
Dissertação - Lilian Silva do Amaral Suzuki - 2013.pdf: 1177356 bytes, checksum: abf476db32f3c274e42ca11b0ebc4c70 (MD5)
license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-28T13:12:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
Dissertação - Lilian Silva do Amaral Suzuki - 2013.pdf: 1177356 bytes, checksum: abf476db32f3c274e42ca11b0ebc4c70 (MD5)
license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2013-10-18<br>This study aimed to analyze some aspects of the migration of Brazilian workers to Japan. In this context, from qualitative interviews made with Brazilians who were in Aichi prefecture in Japan, literature referring to literature decasséguis Brazilians, and theoretical about recent international migration related to the world of work, family arrangements and return migration, sought to examine issues such as: the work in factories in Japan; the work done in the service sector in Japan; the impacts of the crisis 2008 economic about these workers; various family strategies designed to cope with new situations, opportunities and family constraints, due to outward migration; and the expectations and conflicts involving the subject of returning to Brazil.<br>Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar alguns aspectos relativos ao fluxo migratório de trabalhadores brasileiros para o Japão. Nesse contexto, a partir de entrevistas qualitativas realizadas com brasileiros que se encontravam na província de Aichi no Japão, pesquisa bibliográfica referente aos decasséguis brasileiros, e referencial teórico sobre as migrações internacionais recentes relacionadas ao mundo do trabalho, arranjos familiares e migração de retorno, buscou-se analisar questões como: o trabalho em fábricas no Japão; o trabalho realizado no setor de serviços no Japão; os impactos da crise econômica de 2008 sobre esses trabalhadores; as diversas estratégias familiares criadas para lidar com as novas situações, oportunidades e constrangimentos no âmbito familiar, decorrentes da migração para o exterior; as expectativas e conflitos que envolvem a questão do retorno ao Brasil.
48
Vobecká, Jana. "Spatial dynamics of the population in the Czech Republic (1989 - 2007)." Thesis, Dijon, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DIJOE006/document.
Full textAbstract:
L'objectif central de la thèse est de décrire, analyser et discuter la dynamique spatiale de la population tchèque entre 1989 et 2007. La structure démographique et les migrations, les deux composantes de cette dynamique spatiale, sont analysées par le biais de deux articulations de l’espace : le gradient urbain-périurbain-rural et la distinction régionale centre-périphérie. Des outils quantitatifs sont utilisés, avec en particulier un modèle gravitaire explicatif des migrations. L’orientation principale de l´analyse repose sur les migrations internes, comme étant l’agent majeur de la dynamique spatiale de la population. La structure, les déterminants, et l’évolution dans le temps de ces migrations sont étudiés, ainsi que leurs conséquences sur la structure démographique des ensembles spatiaux. La thèse indique que le processus de périurbanisation est récemment devenu un facteur majeur, influençant la dynamique spatiale de la population tchèque. Il est également établit que le facteur explicatif clé de la destination des migrations est le statut social du migrant, tandis que son âge ne présente qu’une importance secondaire. Cependant, étant donné que les Tchèques sont généralement peu mobiles, la déconcentration de la population s’opère à une échelle plus modeste que dans les pays d’Europe de l´Ouest. Cette constatation permet d’expliquer en quoi les tendances récentes des migrations résidentielles ont un impact mesuré relativement faible sur les structures sociales et démographiques de la population dans les catégories d´espace<br>The aim of the thesis is to describe, analyse and discuss the development of spatial population dynamics in the Czech Republic between 1989 and 2007. Demographic structure and migration, the two components of spatial population dynamics, are analysed using two spatial dimensions, the urban-suburban-rural gradient and the core-periphery region distinction, using quantitative analyses, including gravity regression modelling of migration. The analysis primarily focuses on domestic migration as the main vehicle of spatial population dynamics. It discusses the structure, determinants, and temporal evolution of migration and its consequences on the population structure in different spatial categories. The thesis indicates that suburbanisation has recently become the main factor influencing Czech spatial population dynamics. The key factor determining migration destination is the social status of migrants, whereas age has only secondary importance. However, since Czechs are not very mobile, population dispersal is less large-scale than in Western-Europe. This explains why recent domestic migration patterns have had only a small measurable influence on the social or demographic structures of the population across spatial categories<br>Cílem této disertační práce je popsat, analyzovat a diskutovat vývoj prostorové dynamiky obyvatel v České republice mezi lety 1989 a 2007. Demografická struktura a migrace, dvě komponenty prostorové dynamiky obyvatel, jsou analyzovány ve dvou prostorových dimenzích, v gradientu město-suburbium-venkov a v regionálním rozlišení jádrových a periferních regionů, prostřednictvím kvantitativní analýzy, včetně gravitačního regresního modelu migrace. Analýza se zaměřuje především na vnitřní migraci jako hlavního hybatele prostorové dynamiky obyvatel. Zabývá se strukturou, determinanty migrace a jejím vývojem v čase a také jejími dopady na strukturu obyvatel v jednotlivých prostorových kategoriích. V disertaci je ukázáno, že suburbanizace se v poslední době stala nejdůležitějším faktorem ovlivňujícím prostorovou dynamiku obyvatel v České republice. Hlavním faktorem určujícím směr migrace je sociální status migrantů, zatímco jejich věk má pouze druhořadý význam. Nicméně, tím, že Češi nejsou příliš migračně aktivní, populační dekoncentrace dosahuje menších rozměrů a objemů než v západoevropských zemích. To vysvětluje, proč novodobé migrační trendy měly zatím jen malý měřitelný dopad na sociální a demografické struktury obyvatel jednotlivých prostorových kategorií
49
Lopez, Maria Mercedes. "The paradox of women migrant workers: agency and vulnerabilities. : Understanding the perspective of women migrant workers in Amman, Jordan." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-351977.
Full textAbstract:
Migration has taken place throughout human history. However, push and pull factors for migration have changed, and some have not been identified during long periods of time. Since 1970, migration studies have paid more attention to the role of women in migration processes, noting that patterns in migration are sometimes similar to men, but many other times differ, this is also known as the feminization of migration. Women, like men, migrate in search for a better future and new opportunities. Moreover, women migrant workers migrate to provide better future for their families back home. However, this migration process leaves great exposure to abuse and exploitation for both men and women. Feminist research argues, however, that this vulnerability is also gendered, affecting women and men differently. This study aims to contribute to understand the paradox of the agency of women migrant workers on the one hand, and vulnerabilities on the other, from the perspective of migrants themselves. Eleven interviews were conducted with women migrant workers in Amman. Some of the findings of this study show that the interviewees choose to migrate mainly due to economic needs, familial constraints and social structures, which in turn influence their power over their rights and situation, leaving them in vulnerable conditions prone to abuse. Moreover, the alternatives for migration are limited by social and economic structures, in addition to lack of knowledge of rights and obligations.
50
Martins, Renata Duval. "Servidão doméstica : uma análise do caso Siwa-Akofa Siliadin à luz das normas da organização internacional do trabalho." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/165132.
Full textAbstract:
O presente estudo tem por escopo analisar o caso da jovem Siwa-Akofa Siliadin, aliciada no Togo, em 1994, para prestar serviços na França como doméstica. Ao chegar no país foi submetida à servidão, impedida de completar os seus estudos e sem receber qualquer remuneração pelos serviços prestados, tampouco direitos laborais mínimos como o limite da jornada de trabalho diária, o descanso semanal remunerado e a habitação adequada lhe foram fornecidos. Trata-se de um leading case que aborda as práticas de tráfico humano, de trabalho forçado e de servidão doméstica. A escravidão contemporânea ocorre através do trabalho forçado, este se dividindo em espécies dentre as quais estão o trabalho escravo, a servidão e a servidão por dívida. Com quaisquer destas práticas pode ocorrer simultaneamente o tráfico de pessoas. A prática da escravidão doméstica, também chamada de servidão doméstica, inclui-se no rol de trabalhos forçados, verificando-se no caso concreto a qual das espécies de servidão pertence. Ocorre tanto em países ricos quanto em países emergentes e tem como grupo de pessoas mais vulnerável aos aliciadores as mulheres, os menores de idade, os migrantes, os pobres, os de baixa escolaridade. Normas internacionais laborais proíbem a escravidão contemporânea em todas as suas formas e obrigam os Estados a legislar a fim de coibir tenazmente em seu território tais condutas. Quando um Estado falha em prestar a necessária proteção ao trabalhador, não sendo possível a este se socorrer sequer no Poder Judiciário, pode a vítima pleitear alguma reparação nas Cortes Internacionais de Direitos Humanos. No caso ora analisado, as decisões das cortes nacionais francesas poderiam ter sido proferidas com base em normas da Organização Internacional do Trabalho internalizadas pela França, bem como normas não ratificadas poderiam ter sido utilizadas em caráter interpretativo da vaga e escassa legislação pátria. Em âmbito internacional, o Tribunal Europeu de Direitos Humanos não é o único órgão dotado de capacidade punitiva, a própria Organização Internacional do Trabalho pode ser acionada por meio de reclamação ou queixa contra Estados Membros que ratificam normas e as descumprem ou negligenciam sua efetividade, podendo esta punição ser aplicada concomitantemente à proferida pela supracitada Corte. O estudo é dividido em três partes: a primeira aborda as especificidades do caso Siliadin, conceitos pertinentes aos fatos narrados, estudo do processo judicial em âmbito francês e análise da decisão do Tribunal Europeu de Direitos Humanos; a segunda analisa as normas da Organização Internacional do Trabalho como normas de jus cogens laboral e núcleo duro de direito laboral, ressaltando como consequências à violação das referidas normas as reclamações e as queixas à Organização Internacional do Trabalho; a terceira analisa a incorporação e aplicação do direito internacional no âmbito interno dos Estados, frisando a possibilidade do emprego de normas da Organização Internacional do Trabalho na solução do litígio entre Siliadin e os empregadores.O método utilizado no presente trabalho é o indutivo, bem como se valeu da análise de caso com base em normas específicas da Organização Internacional do Trabalho sobre trabalho forçado (nº 29 e nº 105), discriminação (nº 100 e nº 111), trabalho doméstico (nº 189), trabalho infantojuvenil (nº 138 e nº 182) e trabalho do migrante (nº 143). Por fim, conclui-se pela necessária aplicação do direito internacional laboral na esfera processual interna dos Estados e a maior ingerência dos organismos internacionais trabalhistas a fim de garantir a efetividade das normas internacionais laborais.<br>This study aims to analyze the case of Siwa-Akofa Siliadin, a teenager enticed in the Togo, in 1994, into providing services as a domestic servant in France. Upon arriving in the country she was subjected to bondage, could not go to school and received neither payment for her services nor the minimum labor rights, such as limit to daily working hours, weekly paid rest and an adequate housing. It is a leading case which deals with human trafficking practices, forced labor and domestic servitude. Contemporary slavery takes place through forced labor, comprised into species among which are slave labor, servitude and debt bondage. With any of these practices trafficking of persons can occur simultaneously. The practice of domestic slavery, also called domestic servitude, is included in the list of forced labor, verifying to which species of bondage each case belongs. It occurs both in rich countries and emerging countries and the most vulnerable persons are women, minors, migrants, the poor, and the less educated. International labor standards prohibit contemporary slavery in all its forms and require states to legislate to curb such conduct tenaciously in their territory. When a state fails to provide the necessary protection to workers, not making possible for them even to seek help from the judiciary power, the victim can claim some compensation in the international human rights courts. In the case under analysis, the decisions of the French national courts could have been rendered based on standards of the International Labour Organization internalized by France, and unratified standards could have been used to interpret vague and scarce national legislation. Internationally, the European Court of Human Rights is not the only body with punitive capacity, the International Labour Organization itself can be activated by means of complaint or claim against member states that ratify standards and then violate or neglect their effectiveness, and this punishment may be applied simultaneously to that decided by the above cited court. The study is divided into three parts: the first one dealing with the specificities of the Siliadin case, concepts related to the facts narrated, the study of the judicial process in French courts and analysis of the decision of the European Court of Human Rights; the second examining the norms of the International Labor Organization as labor jus cogens and labor law hard core, highlighting as consequences to the violation of these rules complaints and claims to the International Labor Organization; the third analyzing the incorporation and application of international law in the domestic sphere of the States, emphasizing the possibility of the use of International Labor Organization rules in resolving the dispute between Siliadin and the employers. The method used in this work is the inductive, and also the case analysis based on specific standards of the International Labour Organization on forced labor (no. 29 and no. 105), discrimination (no. 100 and no. 111), domestic service (no. 189), child labor (no. 138 and no. 182) and migrant labor (no. 143). Finally, it is concluded by the necessary application of international labor law in the domestic procedures of the States and the greater interference of international labor organizations in order to ensure the effectiveness of international labor standards.