Journal articles: 'Domestic refrigerator - Natural convection'

1

Logeshwaran, S., and P. Chandrasekaran. "CFD analysis of natural convection heat transfer in a static domestic refrigerator." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1130, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1130/1/012014.

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Laguerre, O., and D. Flick. "Heat transfer by natural convection in domestic refrigerators." Journal of Food Engineering 62, no. 1 (March 2004): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0260-8774(03)00173-0.

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da Silva, José Antônio, Matheus dos Santos Guzella, Cristiana Brasil Maia, Sérgio de Morais Hanriot, and Luben Cabezas-Gómez. "Evaluation of Correlations for Natural Convection on the Behavior of a Wire-on-Tube Condenser." Advanced Materials Research 1016 (August 2014): 774–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1016.774.

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This paper outlines the evaluation of the influence of different empirical correlations to compute air-side heat transfer coefficient on the behavior of a wire-on-tube condenser by performing numerical simulations. A fully predictive simulation model based on first-principles equations and empirical correlations for heat transfer and friction factor is considered. Two-phase flow is modeled using homogeneous model and a void fraction correlation available in the literature is considered. Results show that for the correlations tested, different estimations of heat rate rejected to the environment can be obtained and hence, different thermal hydraulic behavior of the condenser can be obtained. This influence is critical, especially when the global numerical simulation of a domestic refrigerator is considered.

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Laguerre, O., S. Ben Amara, and D. Flick. "Experimental study of heat transfer by natural convection in a closed cavity: application in a domestic refrigerator." Journal of Food Engineering 70, no. 4 (October 2005): 523–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2004.10.007.

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Laguerre, O., S. Ben Amara, M. C. Charrier-Mojtabi, B. Lartigue, and D. Flick. "Experimental study of air flow by natural convection in a closed cavity: Application in a domestic refrigerator." Journal of Food Engineering 85, no. 4 (April 2008): 547–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2007.08.023.

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Adelaja, A. O., and B. I. Babatope. "Analysis and Testing of a Natural Convection Solar Dryer for the Tropics." Journal of Energy 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/479894.

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Solar dryers are imperative for the tropical and sub-Saharan African countries, which are faced with the duo challenges of inadequate electrical energy supply, which has severely limited the application of conventional refrigeration as a means of preservation of agricultural produce, and the need to make produce competitive in the international market. In this study, a cost-effective natural convection solar dryer was developed; the thermal and drying analyses were done and tested to obtain some performance evaluation parameters for the system in order to examine its efficiency and effectiveness by drying some plantain fillets. The collector and system efficiencies are found to be 46.4% and 78.73%, respectively, while a percentage moisture removal of 77.5% was achieved at the 20th hour in order to give final moisture contents of 15.75% in the product, which still maintained its integrity. With a cost of about $195.00, it has been affordable for the small- and medium-scale enterprises as well as for private use in domestic applications.

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Han, Jun-Qing, and Qiu-Sheng Liu. "Suppression of Natural Convection in a Thermoacoustic Pulse Tube Refrigerator." Chinese Physics Letters 30, no. 5 (May 2013): 054301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/30/5/054301.

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JIRACHEEWANUN, S., S. W. ARMFIELD, and M. BEHNIA. "COMBINED NATURAL CONVECTION COOLING OF A DRINK CAN." ANZIAM Journal 52, no. 1 (July 2010): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1446181111000538.

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AbstractWe investigate natural convection cooling of the fluid in a drink can placed in a refrigerator by simulating the full combined boundary layer system on the can wall. The cylindrical can is filled with water at initial nondimensional temperature 0, and located within a larger cylindrical container filled with air at initial temperature −1. The outer container walls are maintained at constant temperature −1. Initially both fluids are at rest. Two configurations are examined: the first has the inner can placed vertically in the middle of the outer container with no contact with the outer container walls, and the second has the inner can placed vertically at the bottom of the outer container. The results are compared to those obtained by assuming that the inner can walls are maintained at a constant temperature, showing similar basic flow features and scaling relations, but with very different proportionality constants.

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HARA, Toshitsugu, Masanori YAMAKAWA, Takayuki FUSHIKI, and Shigeki TOHNOSU. "NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON FREE CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER AROUND A DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR-FREEZER." Journal of the Visualization Society of Japan 11, Supplement1 (1991): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/jvs.11.supplement1_35.

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R. Mohanty, A., and S. Fatima. "Noise Control of a Domestic Refrigerator Using a Natural Material Based Composite." Sound&Vibration 54, no. 4 (2020): 247–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32604/sv.2020.011011.

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Ding, Guoliang, Chunlu Zhang, and Zhili Lu. "Dynamic simulation of natural convection bypass two-circuit cycle refrigerator–freezer and its application." Applied Thermal Engineering 24, no. 10 (July 2004): 1513–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2003.12.009.

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Lu, Zhili, Guoliang Ding, and Chunlu Zhang. "Dynamic simulation of natural convection bypass two-circuit cycle refrigerator–freezer and its application." Applied Thermal Engineering 24, no. 10 (July 2004): 1525–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2003.12.010.

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Liu, Di, and Fu Yun Zhao. "Conjugate Heat Transfer in Two Partial Enclosures Connected by Refrigerator/Heater." Advanced Materials Research 860-863 (December 2013): 1451–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.1451.

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Natural convection conjugated by two partial enclosures, connected by refrigerator/heater, has been numerically studied. Thick walls facing the opening are heated in one zone and cooled in the other zone respectively by constant heat fluxes. The isothermals, streamlines and heatlines are presented for varied governing parameters, Rayleigh numbers, Ra from 103 to 107, solid thick walls to fluid thermal conductivity ratio λS from 0.01 to 10.0, cavity aspect ratio, Ar from 1.0 to 8.0, and refrigeration coefficient, COR from 0.1 to 10.0. The streamlines and heatlines visualize the real fluid flow and heat transfer process or structures. Anti-clock streamlines are generated in both zones. Variations of extreme temperatures, Tmax or Tmin and dimensionless volumetric flow rate on the opening, M, along with these governing parameters are also presented in tables or figures. Correlations of extreme temperatures with Ra, λS and COR are given for varied Ar. At last, the unified correlations of with those parameters also are presented and analyzed. The results show that the common trends and characteristics of heat and fluid flow independent of Ar for both zones are summarized, though the convection is amplified with increased Ar.

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Aridhi, Emna, Mehdi Abbes, and Abdelkader Mami. "Pseudo Bond Graph Modeling and Experimental Investigation of Thermal Transfers Inside a Household Refrigerator." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 24, no. 02 (June 2016): 1650014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132516500140.

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This paper proposes a pseudo bond graph model of thermal transfers by natural convection inside a household refrigerator. It has two inputs: the ambient temperature and the temperature at the level of the evaporator wall. The latter assesses the functioning of the compressor cycles. A performance comparison, with the experimental data, was carried out in order to verify the model, in which, real measurements are used to modulate the evaporator temperature source. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

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Nuwayhid, Rida Y., Alan Shihadeh, and Nesreen Ghaddar. "Development and testing of a domestic woodstove thermoelectric generator with natural convection cooling." Energy Conversion and Management 46, no. 9-10 (June 2005): 1631–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2004.07.006.

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Durmuş, A., and A. Daloğlu. "Numerical and Experimental Study of Air Flow by Natural Convection in a Rectangular Open Cavity: Application in a Top Refrigerator." Experimental Heat Transfer 21, no. 4 (October 2, 2008): 281–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08916150802291095.

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Amin, N. A. M., Azizul Mohamad, M. S. Abdul Majid, Mohd Afendi, Frank Bruno, and Martin Belusko. "Experimental Investigation of PCM Spheres in Thermal Energy Storage System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 367 (August 2013): 228–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.367.228.

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This paper presents the experimental result of a small scale packed bed of random spheres with encapsulated PCM being charged and discharged. A vapor compression refrigerator and heated room with fan heater were used to supply constant heat transfer fluid at a minimum temperature of -28°C for charging and 16°C for discharging. Even though the temperature differences were not fixed in the experiments, the performance of the thermal energy storage is depicted in the form of effectiveness values. Different results were obtained for charging and discharging the thermal storage unit. The differences are expected to come from natural convection and super cooling. The super cooling during the charging process was as high as 6°C.

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Bolaji, Bukola Olalekan, Olatunde Ajani Oyelaran, Israel Olutunji Abiala, Tunde Oluwatoyin Ogundana, and Semiu Taiwo Amosun. "Energy and Thermal Conductivity Assessment of Dimethyl-Ether and its Azeotropic Mixtures as Alternative Low Global Warming Potential Refrigerants in a Refrigeration System." Environmental and Climate Technologies 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 12–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2021-0002.

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Abstract Substituting Hydrofluorocarbons with natural refrigerants in domestic refrigerators will significantly reduce the direct contributions of fluorinated gases to global warming which will be of great environmental benefit. In this study, the performances of dimethyl-ether (RE170) and its azeotropic mixtures (R510A and R511A) in a refrigeration system were assessed theoretically and compare with that of conventional refrigerant. The study revealed that the three investigated alternative refrigerants exhibited significantly good heat transfer characteristics, low pressure ratio, high latent heat in the liquid phase which resulted in their high thermal conductivity and Volumetric Cooling Capacity (VCC). The thermal conductivity of the refrigerants reduces while the evaporating temperature rises and the value obtained for RE170 was the highest among the four refrigerants studied. The Coefficient of Performance (COP) for RE170, R510A and R511A were higher than that of R134a by 6.20, 10.06 and 3.02 % respectively while their power consumptions per ton of refrigeration were lower than that of R134a by 6.99, 11.04 and 1.47 % respectively. In conclusion, dimethyl-ether and its azeotropic mixtures performed better than R134a in that they have higher thermal conductivity, refrigerating effect, VCC, COP, lower power consumption per ton of refrigeration and hence, they can be considered as suitable replacements for R134a in domestic refrigerator.

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Mohamad, Abdulmajeed, Jan Taler, and Paweł Ocłon. "Transient Natural Convection in a Thermally Insulated Annular Cylinder Exposed to a High Temperature from the Inner Radius." Energies 13, no. 5 (March 10, 2020): 1291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13051291.

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Extensive numerical analysis was performed for the unsteady state, natural convection in the annular cylinders. The cylinder’s boundaries were thermally insulated, except the inner surface. The fluid (water) in the cylinder initially was assumed at a cold temperature while the inner surface was subjected to a high temperature. The time history for the heat transfer by diffusion and advection was studied. The time needed for fully charging the storage tank and rate of heat transfer was calculated. The predicted results were compared with the pure heat diffusion process and with a steady-state convection system. Therefore, CFD simulations were performed for natural convection in the storage tank. The main objective of this study was to establish correlations for the rate of heat transfer as a function of time and other controlling parameters. The correlation is needed in designing a thermal energy storage system for domestic and industrial heating processes. One of the drawbacks of the conventional thermal storage systems is the slow charging and discharging, where the heat transfer is mainly diffusion dominated. To overcome such a problem, a system was designed based on the natural convective heat transfer mechanism. Therefore, the heat transfer and fluid flow in a cylindrical storage tank were simulated for a range of Rayleigh numbers (104 to 108) and radius ratio. It was found that a convection-operated storage tank reduces the thermal charging process time drastically compared with the thermally diffusion charging process. The rate of reduction in the charging time mainly depends on the rate of heating and geometric parameter of the tank. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the work is novel.

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Farley, R. D., and K. R. Patel. "A Microcomputer-Based Respiratory Heat Exchange Facility for Use in the Diagnosis of Thermally Induced Asthma." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 203, no. 1 (March 1989): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1989_203_006_01.

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Exercise-induced asthma is prevalent in many asthmatics and during the winter months can be exacerbated by cold air inhalation. A laboratory facility was required to permit early diagnosis of cold air sensitivity in these patients. This paper describes the development of a modular air conditioning system to produce a range of inhalative thermal burdens and the microcomputer interfacing to measure the rate of airway heat loss imposed. A single-stage refrigerator was built capable of cooling 150 1/min air to —25°C. This was also used to generate dry ambient temperature air by rewarming the chilled air supply. An air humidifier was developed based upon natural convection and evaporation. It was capable of raising 150 1/min ambient air to 37°C, 100 per cent relative humidity. In two pilot studies of 18 asthmatics it was found that the rate of respiratory heat exchange could be correlated with the magnitude of post exertional bronchoconstriction (lung dysfunction) and that exercise-induced asthma could be minimized by attenuating the rate of airway heat loss.

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Mohammed Al-Jewaree, Hazim. "An experimentally investigate the fin thermal performance to the different fin spaces by natural convections." Al-Kitab Journal for Pure Sciences 2, no. 1 (October 10, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32441/kjps.v2i1.129.

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In oil and gas industries there are a lot off heat transfer devices used for different purposes. These devices are widely used in various industrial, transportation, or domestic applications such as heat exchangers thermal power plants, means of transport, heating and air conditioning systems, electronic equipments and space vehicles. In all these applications, improvements in the efficiency of heat exchangers can lead to substantial cost, space and materials savings. The research work summarized in this articles presents an experimental investigation on the effect of fin space (s) and aluminum materials on the fin performance using rectangular fins. The steady-state natural convection heat transfer from vertical rectangular fins extending perpendicularly from horizontal square base was investigated experimentally at new range not found in the previous works, this range of temperatures from 50 to 150 Co . The effects of fin space parameter and base-to-ambient temperature difference on the heat transfer performance of fin arrays were observed and the environmental condition were determined. Five fin space settings,( 22, 27, 30, 35 and 38 mm) with a constant fin height is 50mm for all types of configuration are presented in this work were employed under free convection heat transfer conditions. This range of fin space not found on previous study or research. The heat transfer area was kept the same. The performance of the fin expressed in terms of fin efficiency, effectiveness and thermal resistance as a function of the ambient temperature and fin space parameters has been study in this work. The dimensionless parameter Biot no. on the locally variable environmental condition is examined for different fin spaces to the fin heat transfer rate. Also, the effect of environmental condition is study. Experimental results show that the effect fin space on fin performance is more significant.. The maximum increase in convection heat transfer coefficient value obtained is about 22 percent. The increase in heat transfer coefficient value is also manifested by a corresponding decrease in the fin base temperature. Also, it is concluded from the experimental results that the performance of heat transfer rate increase with decreasing the fin space in respect of heat transfer coefficient, thermal resistance ,overall efficiency and effectiveness.

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Симбирев, О., and O. Simbirev. "ANALYSIS OF AIR FLOW DISTRIBUTION IN RESIDENTIAL ROOMS WITH SUPPLY WINDOW VALVES BY MATHEMATICAL MODELING IN ANSYS FLUENT." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 4, no. 10 (November 7, 2019): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/article_5db3dd4c28ecd1.47038631.

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The main problem highlighted in the article is the deviation of the microclimate parameters from the standard values due to the improper organization of airflow in the residential rooms of apartment buildings. The objective is to obtain a working mathematical model of the natural ventilation system, its study for optimization or modernization. The analysis of the normative literature, scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists, developments in the field of natural ventilation and ventilation of residential buildings is carried out. A mathematical model of air exchange of a residential room with convection is presented and analyzed. The flow rate and air temperature, the temperature on the surface of the heater are set as boundary conditions when creating a mathematical model. The features and regularities of airflow distribution in the room obtained as a result of mathematical modeling are revealed. The distributions of air velocity in the room are given. Difficulties of the organization of effective natural inflow of air and the problems with design of valves of infiltration are designated. Technical solutions aimed at improving the quality of indoor microclimate and energy saving are proposed.

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Magalhães, Roberto, Senhorinha Teixeira, Manuel Ferreira, and José Teixeira. "Influence of Plate Orifice in the Pre-Mixing of Gas-Powered Water Heaters." Proceedings 58, no. 1 (September 12, 2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wef-06930.

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Amongst the various alternatives for hot water production for domestic use, instantaneous heaters are still widely used in many markets such as the Portuguese market. In this system, a gas boiler converts the chemical energy of the gas (Liquefied Petroleum Gas, Natural Gas) to a water stream, as it is used. The complexity of such devices ranges from those with a natural convection to those with full pre-mixing of the air-fuel. The tightening of the legislation targeting these appliances is promoting an increase in efficiency, pollutant emission reduction and an increase in the safety features. The purpose of this work was to test the thermal performance of a water heater prototype with 22 kW of nominal heat output, running on Propane. Changes were made to the plate with orifices that limit the air supply to the burner flutes, where the pre-mixture with the fuel is partially made. Four different plates with different orifice diameters were built and tested in real case scenarios, taking into special consideration the pollutant emission and the fuel consumption verified. From the results, it was concluded that the best configuration in terms of efficiency is the original one, followed by the “−0.5 mm” and “−1 mm” plates. On the other hand, the best plate in terms of CO emission was the “−1 mm” plate. Concerning the plates with larger diameters to the manufacturer’s original configuration, flame instability was verified as a result of the greater primary airflow. Under the same test conditions, it was noted that the introduction of a nozzle into the fan inlet led to the suction of a larger amount of air. Finally, it was also concluded that the reduction in the orifice diameters of the plates reduces the split of primary air, resulting in an increased pressure drop in the flutes and in the overall pressure drop of the system.

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Baviskar, Vaibhav G. "Reduction in Heat Loss of Flat Plate Solar Water Heater by Modification in Material and Properties - A Review." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 30, 2021): 4832–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35969.

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Efficiency of solar water heater is in the range of 25-35% as out of 100% solar insolation, only 45% solar insolation can be used for heating purpose while 55% was getting waste due to heat loss by conduction, convection, transmittance, absorbance and radiation through absorber plate, collector glass, insulation material, piping, support structure etc. Heat losses from the panel are considerable (more than 50 components) due to prolonged withstanding of heat & cool cycles, physio-chemical reaction, lumpy insulation, gasket rupture, heat and cool cycles, poor water chemistry, ambient factors like wind/rain etc., pipe internal scales, acid and scales formation, radiation, conduction and convection losses through solar panel, gasket erosion due to condensate and UV light cracking etc.Heat gain can be achieved if temp. difference reduced (i.e. heat gain equals to product of heat removal factor ,transmissivity and absorptivity factor with removal of product of heat coefficient with difference of inlet temperature , ambient temperature therefore efficiency increased up to 69 % as per calculation improving the variables and control without sacrificing the performance, going towards ideal Carnot cycle. The passive system design is preferred (as there is no external energy input neither the pumps for increasing velocity). There is tremendous scope for improvement of efficiency by reduction of heat loss by use/substitution of non-thermal conducting materials, changing the material of solar water heater with better characteristics, changing orientation, geometry etc. There are about three main areas to be worked out i.e. solar collector panel, water tank and the inlet and outlet piping network along with water quality and taps, fittings etc. Major advantages of efficiency improvement are like reduction in electricity consumption for domestic water heating by 70%, reduction in conventional energy problems like global warming, pollution, acid rain etc.( as no fossil fuel required), cheap energy cost (i.e. less expensive than natural gas), easiness in source availability i.e. (average solar radiation by earth in energy equals to 722 W/m2 as for every 20 minutes the Sun produce enough energy to supply earth its need of entire year which can be converted to heat), energy security, benefit of accelerated depreciation/tax saving, meeting of renewable energy obligation, low operating and maintenance cost, possibility of direct conversion of solar energy(using PV cells ), inexhaustibility, ease for transport etc.

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Mokheimer, Esmail M. A., and Yinka S. Sanusi. "Comparative Analysis of Different Configuration Domestic Refrigerators: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Approach." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 137, no. 6 (November 1, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4030848.

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To reduce the tremendous increase in the energy consumption in the residential sector, there is a continuous need to improve the cooling efficiency and reduce running cost in domestic refrigerators. In this regard, three domestic refrigerator configurations have been considered. These configurations, namely, top mounted freezer (TMF), bottom mounted freezer (BMF), and side mounted freezer (SMF), were numerically simulated using ansys fluent 14 code. The refrigerators considered in this paper are air cooled by natural convection mechanism. For improved accuracy, piecewise polynomial function was used to obtain the temperature dependent specific heat capacity, while the discrete ordinate (DO) model was used to account for the radiation energy exchange between the refrigerator walls and cooling air. The effect of refrigerator opening and refrigerator load on the performance of the model refrigerators was also studied. Results show that cabinets that have the same relative position from the base (ground level) in TMF, BMF, and SMF configuration was observed to have similar cooling effectiveness irrespective of the compartment (i.e., freezer or fresh food). Load in the lowest parts of the model refrigerator consistently maintains the highest cooling effectiveness with about 15% more than their respective topmost cabinet. Thus, consumer preference of highly efficient compartment (either freezer or refrigerator) should be considered. After 300 min cooling time, the TMF and BMF cooling load are more than that of SMF by about 8%. This suggests that SMF with better cooling effectiveness will consume less energy and would have a lower running cost.

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"Experimentation and Performance Analysis of Natural Draft Wire on Tube Condenser." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 8, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 4303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.c5174.098319.

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This project is sponsored by the company Whirlpool of India Limited, situated at Ranjangaon MIDC, Pune. A simple design methodology of Wire on Tube heat exchanger used in domestic refrigeration systems focuses on both energy saving and cost reduction in this study. A wire on tube condenser is two-phase natural convection heat exchanger which rejects heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the evaporator and heat addition by compressor to atmospheric temperature changing its phase. The main objective of this research paper is to study impact of condenser tube length and number of wires, its pitches on performance of domestic refrigerator and desire to find optimum design of wire on tube heat exchanger compatible with on/off compressor in 185 liter 3 star single door model. Mathematical model are used to analyze performance of entire refrigeration system. Experiments were conducted under controlled climatic chamber and varying ambient temperature as per BEE standard and procedures. It was found that experimental results have 5% to 8% deviation range with results obtained from mathematical model. Optimum design of wire on tube heat exchanger selected has main focus on both energy saving and cost reduction

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"USAGE OF BIODEGRADABLE NATURAL INSULATION IN DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR." International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development 2, no. 01 (January 31, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.21090/ijaerd.020125.

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Missaoui, Sami, Zied Driss, Romdhane Ben Slama, and Bechir Chaouachi. "Experimentally Validated Model of a Domestic Refrigerator with an Immersed Condenser Coil for Water Heating." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration, July 3, 2021, 2150022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s201013252150022x.

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This study presents a coupled model to simulate the heat transfer process between the helical condenser coil and the water inside the tank. This coupled model was developed using ANSYS Fluent Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The heat flux of the condenser coils is obtained from our experimental investigation and delivered as initial boundary conditions to the tank model. The results obtained are considered essential and are, in turn, capable of assessing the performance of the modified domestic refrigerator for the production of hot water. According to this model, the results confirmed that the coefficient of heat transfer and the performance of the system decreased with an increase in the heating time. The natural heat transfer coefficient Uc falls from 727.26[Formula: see text]W [Formula: see text] m[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] K[Formula: see text] to 68.64[Formula: see text]W [Formula: see text] m[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] K[Formula: see text] during the total heating cycle, and the water temperature rises from 20∘C to 50.73∘C. In addition, the impact of water temperature on the evaporating region was used in this analysis. Therefore, the temperature of the evaporator is unaffected by the development of hot water. As a result, these outcomes will be used for the development of the domestic refrigerator with immersed condenser coil.

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"CFD Simulation of Velocity and Temperature Distribution inside Refrigerator Compartment." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 8, no. 6 (August 30, 2018): 4199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.f9571.088619.

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The utility of a household fridge is to preserve the food eminence. Eminence of food unswervingly be reliant on temperature and air velocity distribution esoteric the stowing compartments. Disapproving temperature for food preservation will cause food to worsen or dwindling. Proper temperature distribution as well air flow keep the food fresh in the food chambers. This work presents the air flow and temperature distribution through natural convection warmness switch in severally modeled freezer is studied. The freezer and refrigerant compartments is studied for three configurations. The freezer and refrigerant compartments is studied for three configurations. In initial configuration using Plate-evaporator with rectangular finned surface and In second configuration Plate-evaporator while not finned surface and In third configuration Plateevaporator with perforated finned surface. The simulations are carried out using ANSYS 16 work bench computational fluid dynamics software program package. The heat transfer between the freezer and refrigerating compartment is neglected and laminar air flow conditions were assumed. Simulation consequences demonstrate temperature stratification inside the refrigerating section cold and warm region were top and bottom respectively, in freezer compartment warm and cold region were top and bottom for each configurations. Comparison of temperature variation for numerous configurations of refrigerating compartment. The freezer and cold compartments is studied for three configurations. The perforated finned surface provides best result

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"05/02518 Development and testing of a domestic woodstove thermoelectric generator with natural convection cooling." Fuel and Energy Abstracts 46, no. 6 (November 2005): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6701(05)83016-4.

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Cruickshank, Cynthia A., and Stephen J. Harrison. "Characterization of a Thermosyphon Heat Exchanger for Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 131, no. 2 (March 25, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3097279.

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This paper presents a simplified test method that was developed to allow preconfigured solar domestic hot water systems that use natural convection/thermosyphon heat exchangers to be characterized. The results of this test method produce performance coefficients for simple empirical expressions that describe the fluid flow and heat transfer in the heat-exchange loop. These empirically derived coefficients can be used as an input to a general simulation routine that allows overall system performance to be determined for various loads and climatic conditions. To illustrate the test procedure, results are presented for a typical heat exchanger under a range of operational conditions.

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Pandey, Ramendra, and Bala Pesala. "Heat and Mass Transfer Analysis of a Pot-in-Pot Refrigerator Using Reynolds Flow Model." Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications 8, no. 3 (April 12, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4033010.

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Heat and mass transfer analysis of evaporative cooling process in a pot-in-pot cooling system is done based on Reynolds flow hypotheses. The model proposed herein assumes that the heat transfer due to natural convection is coupled with an imaginary ambient air mass flow rate (gAo) which is an essential assumption in order to arrive at the solution for the rate of water evaporation. Effect of several parameters on the pot-in-pot system performance has been studied. The equations are iteratively solved and detailed results are presented to evaluate the cooling performance with respect to various parameters: ambient temperature, relative humidity (RH), pot height, pot radius, total heat load, thermal and hydraulic conductivity, and radiation heat transfer. It was found that pot height, pot radius, total heat load, and radiation heat transfer play a critical role in the performance of the system. The model predicts that at an ambient temperature of 50 °C and RH of 40%, the system achieves a maximum efficiency of 73.44% resulting in a temperature difference of nearly 20 °C. Similarly, for a temperature of 30 °C and RH of 80%, the system efficiency was minimum at 14.79%, thereby verifying the usual concept that the pot-in-pot system is best suited for hot and dry ambient conditions.

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Boetcher, Sandra K. S., F. A. Kulacki, and Jane H. Davidson. "Use of a Shroud and Baffle to Improve Natural Convection to Immersed Heat Exchangers." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 134, no. 1 (November 29, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4005089.

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Optimizing heat transfer during the charge and discharge of thermal stores is crucial for high performance of solar thermal systems for domestic and commercial applications. This study models a sensible water storage tank for which discharge is accomplished using a heat exchanger immersed in the storage fluid. The heat exchanger is a two-dimensional isothermal cylinder in an adiabatic enclosure with no initial stratification. An adiabatic shroud and baffle whose geometry is parametrically varied is placed around and below the cylinder. Transient numerical simulations of the discharge process are obtained for 105 < RaD < 107, and estimates of the time needed to discharge a given fraction of the initial stored energy are obtained. We find that a short baffle is least effective in increasing heat transfer rates. The performance benefit is greatest early in the transient discharge period when the buoyant flow in the store is strongest. As with all flow control devices, the benefit decreases as energy is extracted from the tank and the temperature difference driving the flow decreases. The use of a shroud increases the transient Nusselt number by as much as twentyfold.

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Devore, Nathan, Henry Yip, and Jinny Rhee. "Domestic Hot Water Storage Tank: Design and Analysis for Improving Thermal Stratification." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 135, no. 4 (October 17, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4025517.

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Experimental designs for a solar domestic hot water storage system were built in efforts to maximize thermal stratification within the tank. A stratified thermal store has been shown by prior literature to maximize temperature of the hot water drawn from the tank and simultaneously minimize collector inlet temperature required for effective heat transfer from the solar panels, thereby improving the annual performance of domestic solar hot water heating systems (DSHWH) by 30–60%. Our design incorporates partitions, thermal diodes, and a coiled heat exchanger enclosed in an annulus. The thermal diodes are passive devices that promote natural convection currents of hot water upward, while inhibiting reverse flow and mixing. Several variations of heat exchanger coils, diodes and partitions were simulated using ansys Computational Fluid Dynamics, and benchmarked using experimental data. The results revealed that the optimum design incorporated two partitions separated by a specific distance with four diodes for each partition. In addition, it was discovered that varying the length and diameter of the thermal diodes greatly affected the temperature distribution. The thermal diodes and partitions were used to maintain stratification for long periods of time by facilitating natural convective currents and taking advantage of the buoyancy effect. The results of the experiment and simulations proved that incorporating these elements into the design can greatly improve the thermal performance and temperature stratification of a domestic hot water storage tank.

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Shaik, Saboor, Manvendra Bhardwaj, Somya Agarwal, Raja Sekhar Yendaluru, Md Hasanuzzaman, and K. V. Sharma. "Evaluation of Optical Transmissivity of Transparent Materials on the Performance of Solar Flat Plate Collectors." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 143, no. 5 (March 16, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4050214.

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Abstract The energy gain of domestic solar water heating systems is determined by solar to thermal energy conversion and glazing optical efficiency. For this study, solar transmission properties of different transparent glazing materials such as acrylic, low-iron, medium-iron, and high-iron glasses were measured. The collector thermal efficiency under natural convection mode was compared for different transparent covers determined by numerical simulation using the Hottel–Whillier–Bliss equation. The low-iron glass (LiG-12 mm) has 16.3% and 20% higher thermal efficiency than medium- (MiG-12 mm) and high-iron glasses (HiG-12 mm), respectively, for a peak summer day. The effect of glass thickness on thermal performance is noteworthy in glasses than in acrylic glass sheets. Low-iron content glass with 6 mm thickness has the highest thermal and optical efficiency of 63.2% and 75.65%, respectively, for the collector optimum tilt for Vellore city in Tamil Nadu, India. The results are useful in the selection of glass covers for energy-efficient solar flat plate collectors.

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Calisir, Tamer, and Senol Baskaya. "The influence of different geometrical dimensions of convectors on the heat transfer from panel radiators." SN Applied Sciences 3, no. 3 (February 6, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04276-2.

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AbstractIncrease in total heat output of panel radiators could play an important role in domestic energy saving, where convectors (convection fins) play a key role. Hence, it is important to obtain the best possible design of convectors, in order to increase the heat output of panel radiators. In this sense, a numerical study has been performed to show the effects of different geometrical dimensions of convectors on the heat transfer used in domestic panel radiators, to obtain the highest possible total heat output. Firstly, simulation data were verified by analytical results, and afterwards, parametric studies were performed for a single convector mounted on a constant temperature wall, and the natural convective heat transfer has been modelled. The effects of convector height, convector sheet thickness, convector trapezoidal height, distance between opposing convectors, convector tip width, vertical location of convector and cut-off ratio have been considered. The results showed that the heat transfer increases with the increase in convector thickness and height. However, the consumed sheet metal material amount increases as well. From a manufacturing point of view, this should be considered at the same time. On the other hand, with the increase in trapezoidal height, the heat transfer increases, and above a certain value the heat transfer decreases. The heat transfer increases with the distance of opposing convectors and becomes almost constant above a certain value. The results of the present study could guide in the change of the internal design of panel radiators with convectors, in order to increase the heat transfer and reduce material costs.

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Vitoussia, Théophile, Alain Brillard, Justin Bertsch, Olivier Allgaier, Gontrand Leyssens, Cornélius Schönnenbeck, Ebenezer Njeugna, and Jean-François Brilhac. "Analysis and modeling of the thermal behavior of an improved pellet cookstove." SN Applied Sciences 3, no. 6 (May 20, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04630-4.

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AbstractIn Sub-Saharan countries, cooking is usually done at a domestic scale using rudimentary stoves with wood or charcoal as combustibles. To improve the cooking behavior and reduce the deforestation, an improved pellet cookstove was conceptualized with guiding ideas in mind such as simplicity, robustness and ability to burn pellets built with local wood residues under a natural draught. Combustion and water ebullition tests were performed with two configurations of the upper part of the cookstove: thick steel plate or ring, and with standardized EN+ pellets as combustible. The main pollutant gases (CO, CO2 and NOx), together with O2, were continuously measured at different positions of the cookstove during a water ebullition test with the ring configuration. The levels measured above the pot were lower than the thresholds currently proposed by the World Health Organization. Simple and phenomenological thermal models were proposed to simulate the plate, or ring, and water temperatures during the combustion or water ebullition tests and to determine the intrinsic convection coefficients. The maximal relative differences between the experimental and simulated temperatures were computed between 7 and 21%. The stove power was evaluated at 4336 ± 23 W. The cookstove yield for the water ebullition test with the ring configuration was computed equal to 12.3 ± 0.1%, slightly lower than that of cookstoves previously analyzed in the literature.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Domestic refrigerator - Natural convection'

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