To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Domestic Resource Mobilization.
Journal articles on the topic 'Domestic Resource Mobilization'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Domestic Resource Mobilization.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Wujung, Vukengkeng Andrew, and Fozoh Isiah Aziseh. "Assessing the effect of domestic resource mobilization on the economic growth of Cameroon." AESTIMATIO 12, no. 2016 (2016): 66–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5605/ieb.12.4.
Full text
2
Gershon, Obindah, Adesuwa Akhigbemidu, and Romanus Osabohien. "Domestic Resource Mobilization and Under-Five Mortality in Nigeria." Research in World Economy 11, no. 3 (2020): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/rwe.v11n3p320.
Full textAbstract:
This study considered domestic resource mobilisation and allocation to healthcare service delivery due to the high rate of infant deaths in Nigeria. Value addition in the agricultural sector is captured as a major source of revenue which could be channelled towards increased government expenditure in healthcare. As such, the paper applies vector error correction technique on yearly data for the period 1981 to 2015. It investigates the long-run relationship and short-run dynamics between under-five mortality on the one hand, with female literacy, agricultural productivity, tax revenue, and gross capital formation on the other hand. Outcome of the study indicates, from a long run perspective, under-five mortality is positively related to tax revenue, female literacy rate and gross capital formation. However, there is a negative relationship between under-5 mortality and agricultural productivity. Moreover, as Nigeria diversifies away from crude oil towards agriculture, increased productivity and tax revenues could be channelled towards better health outcomes and rural transformation. Furthermore, enhanced management of tax and better budgeting towards the agricultural sector is recommended. In addition, infrastructure development, agro-allied investments will ensure reduction in agricultural waste and supply costs. The outcomes portend significant relevance for meeting Sustainable Development Goals 2, 3, 4, & 10.
3
Obasi, Nwele J., Ngene Amuche N., and Uduimoh Anthony A. "Domestic Resource Mobilization, Financial Access and Inclusion for Inclusive Growth in Nigerian." Journal of Advance Research in Business Management and Accounting (ISSN: 2456-3544) 2, no. 2 (2016): 01–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nnbma.v2i2.113.
Full textAbstract:
This paper is a search light beamed to the investigation of the existing level of domestic resource mobilization, financial access and inclusion for inclusive growth in Nigeria, progressive policy development of government and implementation. Cohesive management of domestic resource mobilization, financial access and inclusion for inclusive growth are the driving force of all vibrant economy of the developed societies of the world, and a panacea to high level productivity of developing nations. Domestic resource mobilization, financial access and inclusion for inclusive growth are elements of political economy; it deals with both micro and macro-economics, with macroeconomics as the branch of economics concerned with the aggregate, or overall, economy. Macroeconomics deals with economics factors such as total national output and income, unemployment, balance of payments, and the rate of inflation, and is distinct from microeconomics, which is the study of the competition of the output such as the supply and demand for individual goals and services, the way they are traded in markets, and the pattern of their relative prices. At the basis of macroeconomics is an understanding of what constitutes national output, or national income, and the related concept of gross national product (GNP), with the GNP being the total value of goods and services provided in an economy during a given period of time, usually a year. This study is aimed at accessing the potentials available to Nigeria through efficient and effective mobilization of domestic resources, access to finance, and inclusion for inclusive growth. Objective of the study is to determine what needs to be done to thoroughly harness domestic resourcemobilization, financial access and inclusion for inclusive growth to galvanize the Nigerian economy. The research question is on the determination of whether domestic resource mobilization, financial access and inclusion help to galvanize inclusive growth. Methodology to be used is primary and secondary data concerning comparative development through domestic resource mobilization, financial access and inclusion for inclusive growth. Results of the finding in the research reveals that there are talents, skills,knowledge and creative skill-banks in Nigeria that are not harnessed because there is not enough support by governments to progressive policies to galvanize the advance lens of the talents, skills, knowledge and creative banks that exist in various corners where there are lots of human resource waste bins). Proffered as solution, is the need for Nigerian government to invest properly and effectively on development strata without discrimination or sentiments.
4
Bolch, Kimberly B., Lidia Ceriani, and Luis F. López-Calva. "The arithmetics and politics of domestic resource mobilization for poverty eradication." World Development 149 (January 2022): 105691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105691.
Full text
5
Oyinlola, Mutiu A., Abdulfatai A. Adedeji, Modupe O. Bolarinwa, and Nafisat Olabisi. "Governance, domestic resource mobilization, and inclusive growth in sub-Saharan Africa." Economic Analysis and Policy 65 (March 2020): 68–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2019.11.006.
Full text
6
Nnadozie, Emmanuel, Thomas Munthali, Robert Nantchouang, and Barassou Diawara. "Domestic Resource Mobilization in Africa: State, Capacity Imperatives and Policy Actions." Africa Journal of Management 3, no. 2 (2017): 184–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23322373.2017.1335110.
Full text
7
POPOOLA, Olabisi, Abiola John ASALEYE, and Damilola Felix ELUYELA. "Domestic Revenue Mobilization and Agricultural Productivity: Evidence from Nigeria." Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics 9, no. 4 (2018): 1439. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jarle.v9.4(34).31.
Full textAbstract:
Foreign and domestic debts have raised questions about fiscal sustainability and implications for sustainable development. One of the major problems in the agricultural sector in developing economies is inadequate capital, despite its centrality to growth and development. This study examines the long-run relationship and the casual relationships between domestic revenue mobilization and agricultural productivity in Nigeria using Auto Regressive Distributed Lag and Granger Non-causality. Using agricultural productivity as the dependent variable, the result revealed that agricultural productivity has a negative long-run relationship with government recurrent expenditure on agriculture and tax revenue, while agricultural credit is not statistically significant. This result indicated that supplementary resource such as foreign aid could be embarked on in the long-run. Reliance on foreign aid may be volatile to the economy, and as well not suitable to achieve long-term goals. So, there is a need to maximize benefit from tax revenue and ensure that resources are allocated to prioritizes right sectors such as the agricultural sector. The causality test revealed that there is a bi-directional relationship between agricultural productivity and tax revenue. The study recommended among others, the need for public finance reforms to increase government revenue and promote growth in the agricultural sector by enhancing the quality of the tax system.
8
Morrissey, Oliver. "Aid and domestic resource mobilization with a focus on Sub-Saharan Africa." Oxford Review of Economic Policy 31, no. 3-4 (2015): 447–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/grv029.
Full text
9
Aghem Hanson Ekori and Paul S. Masumbe. "Financing Africa’s Post COVID-19 Sustainable Development: Domestic versus International Resources Mobilization." Economit Journal: Scientific Journal of Accountancy, Management and Finance 2, no. 2 (2022): 82–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/economit.v2i2.657.
Full textAbstract:
Even though the African continent has recorded the lowest deaths tolls caused by COVID-19, it is one of the slowest continents recovering from the pandemic. The effects of COVID-19 have crippled many developing progresses made prior to the pandemic and the government of many countries in the continent have already utilised the limited financial resources on the on-going crisis. Many African countries are seeking for financial assistance from institutions like the International Monetary Fund (IMF) the African Development Bank (AfDB), the World Bank and many other sources for post COVID-19 development. In financing Africa’s post COVID-19 development, this article will examines domestic public and private and international resource mobilization for Africa’s post COVID-19 development. It argues that both the revenues system of most African countries has to be restructured to ensure effective and efficient tax collection while reallocating more budgets for development. With regard to international resource mobilization, the Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) of the IMF, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) were analysed. Similarly, the Strategy for Economic Governance in Africa (SEGA) of the AfDB and Agenda 2063 of the African Union (AU) were also examined as models for sustainable post COVID-19 development in Africa. Finally, it argues that financing post COVID-19 development will requires contributions from domestic, international private and public sources but the domestic financial sources should provide most of the funds because borrowing will enslave the borrower to the lender.
10
Muguchu, Jane, Nelson H. Wawire, and Anthony Wambugu. "Analysis of Value Added Tax Productivity in Kenya." Journal of Economics and Public Finance 6, no. 4 (2020): p20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jepf.v6n4p20.
Full textAbstract:
One of the critical components of Sustainable Development Goals is to strengthen domestic resource mobilization. The target is to have domestic resources contributing at least 75 percent to 90 percent of the financing required to achieve Agenda 2063 (AU, 2015). In an effort to enhance domestic resource mobilization in Kenya, great emphasis has been placed on Value Added Tax whereby the tax authority endeavors to enhance the contribution of VAT collections to GDP from a mean of 6 per cent to 9 percent of GDP. The study sought to estimate the productivity of VAT over the period 1973-2016 using data collected from Kenya National Bureau of Statistics and Kenya Revenue Authority’s database. OLS method was adopted to estimate buoyancy of VAT while divisia index approach was adopted to estimate elasticity of VAT. The study found that, the VAT system was buoyant with a value greater than one while the elasticity was 0.79 which was less than one implying VAT system was inelastic. The study concluded that the tax reforms adopted during the study period had impacted positively on VAT performance hence the buoyancy value greater than one. Therefore, to mobilize more revenue from VAT, reforms focusing on enhancing VAT compliance and expanding tax base should be emphasised.
11
Yamada, Koji. "Financing sustainable development with enhanced domestic resource mobilization: Transitional role of international cooperation." Asia-Pacific Development Journal 23, no. 2 (2017): 61–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/2d6ed3dd-en.
Full text
12
Twerefou, Daniel Kwabena, and Baafi Yaw Ayimadu. "Effects of Financial Deepening on Saving Mobilization: Evidence from African Countries." International Journal of Contemporary Research and Review 9, no. 07 (2018): 20917–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15520/ijcrr/2018/9/07/555.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose:The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of financial deepening proxied by Broad Money Supply as a percent of Gross Domestic Product and Domestic Credit to Private Sector as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product on savings proxied by Gross Domestic Savings as a percent of Gross Domestic Product in Africa over the period 1998 – 2015
Design/methodology/approach: The study uses panel data of forty-two (42) countries in Africa over the period 1998 – 2015 and the system generalized method of moments dynamic panel estimation framework.
Findings: The paper finds an insignificantly positive relationship between Broad money supply and Gross Domestic Savings in Africa. However, the impact of Domestic Credit to Private Sector was negative and significant. This results indicate that financial deepening has not stimulated domestic resource mobilization in Africa. However, growth in per capita income had a significantly positive impact on Gross Domestic Savings which is consistent with the life cycle theory, increase in real interest rate negatively affected Gross Domestic Savings while increase in age dependency reduced Gross Domestic Savings.
Practical implications: Policies should focus on deepening the financial sector since it has the tendency to impact positively on savings. Such polices should center on extending financial services to the rural areas through the provision of infrastructure such as roads, electricity as well as the development of innovative financial instruments that will attract the large informal sector. Reducing the fragmented nature of the market and the high transaction costs as well as balancing the dominance of the banking sector will help improve efficiency of the sector and consequently, its ability to mobilize resources. Pursuing growth-enhancing policies that focus on value addition to raw materials and the adoption of technology to ensue efficiency in production could result in higher productivity and consequently savings. Efforts should also focus on reducing interest rates since many Africans are net borrowers and thus increase in interest rate will increase the cost of borrowing which will have adverse impacts on savings.
Originality/value: The paper offers significant value in shaping and improving the financial sector in Africa with the view to enhancing savings.
13
Khan, Ashfaque H. "Financial Repression , Financial Development and Structure of Savings in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 27, no. 4II (1988): 701–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v27i4iipp.701-713.
Full textAbstract:
The mobilization of domestic resources is one of the key determinants of sustained economic growth. Improving domestic resource mobilization involves raising the level of national savings to enable a higher level of investment, hence a faster rate of economic growth. Pakistan's saving performance and its overall economic performance appear to be incongruous. Over the past several years, Pakistan has maintained an economic growth of more than 6 percent which is laudable, but her performance with regard to savings has been poor. In fact, saving as a fraction of the Gross National Product (GNP) is one of the lowest among the developing countries. The current saving rate of about 14 percent of GNP fares badly with 23 percent for other low-income developing countries. 1 What are the reasons for such a poor performance of savings in Pakistan? This paper attempts to provide some explanations for the causes of low savings in Pakistan.
14
Ashiquzzaman, Md. "Tax & Value Added Tax—In View of Bangladesh." Number-1, November 2018 1, no. 1 (2018): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35935/tax/11.4837.
Full textAbstract:
Most developing counties are increasingly focusing on domestic resource mobilization toward economic development. In this context, tax performance is of crucial importance, especially for a developing country, since it is the prime source for domestic resource mobilization. This article reviews the incidence of income taxation in Bangladesh tax system. The main purpose of the study is to determine how the burden of personal and corporation income taxes is allocated among taxpayers of different income groups. Bangladesh faces many problems in raising sufficient tax revenues to fund its economic and social development. To address this problem and to improve economic efficiency and growth, a major tax reform program was initiated in 1991 which centered on the introduction of a value-added tax (VAT) to replace a range of narrowly-based consumption taxes. This study works as a linkage between theory and practice on Value Added Tax. In this Article focus on the tax, Value added tax, tax in history, definition, collecting problem, advantage, and disadvantage.
15
Gondwe, Grace, and Josue Mbonigaba. "The Role of Development Aid in Agriculture in the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa: A Panel Vector Autoregression Analysis." Journal of Agricultural Science 12, no. 10 (2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n10p28.
Full textAbstract:
This paper assessed the impact of foreign aid on agricultural productivity and growth in the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), using panel vector autoregressive methods. The results show a significant unidirectional causality from agricultural growth to foreign aid and thus confirming the theoretical dispositions of the developmental role of foreign aid. However, instead of complementing domestic resources in this regard, the results showed that foreign aid in the sector substitutes government financing, which effectively reduces its effectiveness. A mismatch in government resources and aid allocations to a sub-sector erodes the synergy that should typically exist between donor aid and government expenditure in a sector. A policy shift towards Result-Based (Aid on Delivery) approaches in aid disbursements will be critical to eliminating fungible resources. Misalignment of aid allocations that are inconsistent with the relative importance of subsectors in the sectoral development goals further undermines the potency of aid. A better understanding of the contribution of the various sub-sectors to the overall growth of the agriculture sector will be crucial for equitable resource allocation and enhanced aid effectiveness. Moreover, the higher impact of domestic resources compared to foreign aid calls for policies to increase domestic resource mobilization and a broader focus on reducing aid dependency.
16
B. O., Agu,, Nwankwo, S. N. P., and Onwuka, I. O. "Impact of Capital Market on Domestic Resource Mobilization for Economic Development in Nigeria (2000-2015)." Journal of Economics and Public Finance 3, no. 1 (2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jepf.v3n1p1.
Full textAbstract:
<p><em>The</em><em> </em><em>study investigated the impact of Nigerian capital market on domestic resource mobilization for economic development,</em><em> </em><em>using time series data from 2000 to 2015. The study employed secondary data obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, the Nigerian Stock Exchange Fact Book and Securities and Exchange Commission database. To evaluate the impact of the independent variables on the dependent, the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method of estimation was employed. Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF)</em><em> </em><em>test was used to identify the order of integration. Economic growth was proxied by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) while the capital market variables considered include: Market Capitalization (MCAP), Total New Issues (TNI) and Value of Transactions (VLT).</em><em> </em><em>Applying Johansen and Juselius co-integration test, the result showed that there was at most one co-integrating equation in the model, implying that there is a long run relationship between the variables in the model. The causality test results suggest bidirectional causation between the GDP and the Value of Transactions (VLT) and to the GDP but not vice-versa. Using two-tailed test, the F-statistics is significant at 5 percent level of significance. Furthermore, there was no evidence of reverse causation from GDP to market capitalization and there was no evidence of independence causation between the GDP and Total New Issues (TNI).</em><em> </em><em>The study showed that the major problem with domestic resource mobilization in Nigeria have been that not enough savings are being generated to facilitate the required investment. Also, the type of savings available does not easily make financial intermediation possible. The Nigerian stock market has been constrained by policies that tend to make the exchange look like a mechanism by which government raise loan finance rather than an instrument for mobilizing industrial finance. It is recommended therefore that the regulatory authority should appraise and modify the restrictive policies that constrained resource mobilization capacity of the Nigerian capital market.</em></p>
17
Kalashnikov, V. V. "Highly productive, environmentally pure livestock and aquaculture with given indicators of product quality." Вестник Российской академии наук 89, no. 5 (2019): 532–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-5873895532-535.
Full textAbstract:
The article reports the most important steps toward the development of domestic livestock and aquaculture, involving the production of environmentally-friendly products with desired qualities. Methods for increasing the rate of animal breeding and aquaculture with the latest technologies using modern intellectual systems are considered. The most important steps on the way to a system of normalized nutrition and animal productivity management are discussed. It is shown that the mobilization of the export resource of domestic livestock, the problem of the preservation of biological resources and long-term storage of reproductive material of wild animals. The issues of the relevance of the development of genomic technologies and the biologization of the means of protecting animals, poultry and aquaculture are reports.
18
Molchanov, Mikhail A. "Post-Communist Nationalism as A Power Resource: A Russia-Ukraine Comparison." Nationalities Papers 28, no. 2 (2000): 263–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713687473.
Full textAbstract:
The end of communism brought hopes for a wholesale liberal-democratic transformation to the republics of the former Soviet Union. However, bitter disenchantment soon followed, as resurrected nationalism undermined the republics' stability and threatened democracy. Mass nationalist movements in these countries were not observed until the regime's initial liberalization. In most cases, the high phase of nationalist mobilization was reached only after the postcommunist state elites endorsed nationalism as an official policy of the state. In each instance, nationalist strategies of the state were defined in a complex interplay of domestic and international factors. Ethnicity became politicized as a resource for political action when other resources proved inadequate or insufficient. In addition, exogenous factors often played a leading role in this development.
19
Boström, Magnus. "Environmental SMOs and resource mobilization in the post-communist vs the Northwest European context." Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management: An International Journal 12, no. 3 (2017): 225–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrom-01-2017-1467.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose This paper focuses on differences in resource mobilization opportunities among environmental social movement organizations (ESMOs), with empirical focus on ESMOs from five European Union countries – two Northwest European countries (Sweden, Germany) and three post-communist countries (Poland, Croatia, and Slovenia). Whereas mass-membership mobilization is a reality in the Northwest European context, ESMOs from post-communist countries fundamentally rely on international support and project-based funding. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate and discuss what implications this difference has for domestic capacity building among ESMOs. Design/methodology/approach The paper draws theoretically and empirically on literature on social movements, including environmental movements. It uses a qualitative methodology with figures, field observations, and interview data from ESMO representatives. The empirical material is based on field studies of ESMOs from the five focused countries. Findings The findings demonstrate strong pessimism regarding the possibilities for mass-membership mobilization in the post-communist context, and indicate a set of challenges related to the strong reliance on project funding and international sources. Issues such as short-termism, lack of independence, critical distance, and learning potential are discussed. The findings also indicate avenues for creativity and how various buffers can help to cope with challenges, and that ESMOs from the Northwest European context also face pressures relating to resource mobilization that can negatively affect their critical edge. Originality/value By the chosen focus and comparative approach, the paper contributes to our understanding if and how ESMOs can work as powerful and critical political actors in various contexts. The paper thus contributes theoretically and empirically to literature on social movements, and specifically environmental movements.
20
Konrad, Alison M., Vaughan Radcliffe, and Duckjung Shin. "Participation in Helping Networks As Social Capital Mobilization: Impact on Influence for Domestic Men, Domestic Women, and International MBA Students." Academy of Management Learning & Education 15, no. 1 (2016): 60–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/amle.2014.0050.
Full text
21
Mishra, P. K. "The Nexus between Resource Mobilization by Mutual Funds and Economic Growth in India." Global Business Review 13, no. 1 (2012): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097215091101300108.
Full textAbstract:
Mutual funds allow for portfolio diversification and relative risk aversion through collection of funds from the households and investment of the same in the stock and debt markets. In this process, mutual funds industry plays the most important role of a resource mobilizer. As a resource mobilizer, the industry collects the investible surpluses from the surplus-spending units and channelizes the same to the deficit-spending units of an economy. Such a function has wide relevance for a developing country like India. Arguably, mutual funds industry as a resource mobilizer appears to contribute to real economic growth of a country by reducing the transaction costs and raising the purchasing power of the investors. Thus, this article is an attempt to investigate the dynamics of the relationship between gross funds mobilized by mutual funds and the real economic growth of a developing country like India for the period 1970–71 to 2008–09. Using the time series econometric techniques of cointegration and error correction estimates, the study concludes that the growth in real gross domestic product Granger causes gross resource mobilization by mutual funds in the long run, but not in the short run. This finding supports the demand-following hypothesis and thus, the policy implication is that the real economic growth of India may be considered as the policy variable to augment the resource mobilization by mutual funds.
22
A. Burney, Nadeem, and Ashfaque H. Khan. "Socio-economic Characteristics and Household Savings: An Analysis of the Households' Saving Behaviour in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 31, no. 1 (1992): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v31i1pp.31-48.
Full textAbstract:
Domestic resource mobilization is one of the key determinants of sustained economic growth. Pakistan's perfonnance with regard to domestic resource mobilization has been poor despite maintaining a respectable economic growth rate. Why is the savings rate so low in Pakistan? In this paper we analyse the household savings behaviour in Pakistan, using micro level data of the Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) for the year 1984-85. Three different non-linear savings functions attributed to Keynes, Klein, and Landau are estimated separately for the urban and the rural households, using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) technique. It is found that the average income and saving of an urban household are considerably higher than those of overall Pakistan or a rural household. However, contrary to the general belief, it is found that the propensity to save of the rural households is much higher than that of their urban counterparts. The dependency ratio and the various categories of education are found to have a negative influence on household savings. No systematic relationship is found between savings and the employment status and occupation of the household head. It is found, however, that saving increases with age but tends to decline when the age crosses a certain limit - a finding consistent with the Life Cycle Hypothesis.
23
Meheus, Filip, and Di McIntyre. "Fiscal space for domestic funding of health and other social services." Health Economics, Policy and Law 12, no. 2 (2017): 159–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744133116000438.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractTo progress toward universal health coverage and promote inclusive social and economic development, it will be necessary to strengthen domestic resource mobilization for health. In this paper, we examine options for increasing domestic government revenue in low- and middle-income countries. We analyze the relationship between level of economic development and levels of government revenue and expenditure, and show that a country’s level of economic development does not predetermine its spending levels. Government revenue can be increased through improved tax compliance and efficiency in revenue collection, maximizing revenue from mineral and other natural resources, and increasing tax rates where appropriate. The emphasis should be on increasing revenue through the most progressive means possible; the purpose of raising government spending on health would be defeated if that spending were funded by increasing the relative tax burden of those who are meant to benefit. Increasing government revenue through taxation or other sources is first and foremost a fiscal policy choice or political decision and should be supported through concerted global action.
24
Warburton, Eve. "RESOURCE NATIONALISM IN INDONESIA: OWNERSHIP STRUCTURES AND SECTORAL VARIATION IN MINING AND PALM OIL." Journal of East Asian Studies 17, no. 3 (2017): 285–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jea.2017.13.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractDuring the global commodities boom Indonesia, like many resource-rich countries, introduced an increasing number of nationalist policy interventions. However, the state has intervened assertively in some sectors and only passively in others. In Indonesia's mining sector, interventions that compel foreign divestment received widespread support from politicians and domestic industry; yet similar proposals to limit foreign investment in the strategic agribusiness sector have largely failed. This article brings the literature on resource nationalism into conversation with studies of business–state relations, in order to understand why nationalist mobilization met with more success in Indonesia's mining sector than in agribusiness. It argues that ownership structures constitute the source of this variation. Uniquely integrated patterns of domestic and foreign ownership in the strategic palm oil sub-sector constrained lawmakers’ nationalist agenda. Such constraints were less formidable in Indonesia's mining sector, where foreign capital is more easily differentiated, and concentrated in a sub-sector that contributes less overall to the Indonesian economy.
25
Aslam, Aqib, Enrico Berkes, Martin Fukac, Jeta Menkulasi, and Axel Schimmelpfennig. "Afghanistan: Balancing Social and Security Spending in the Context of a Shrinking Resource Envelope." Asian Development Review 31, no. 2 (2014): 165–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/adev_a_00033.
Full textAbstract:
For Afghanistan, the dual prospect of declining donor support and high ongoing security spending over the medium term keeps its government budget tight. This paper uses a general equilibrium model to capture the security–development trade-off facing the government in its effort to rehabilitate growth and fiscal sustainability. In particular, it considers strategic policy options for counteracting and minimizing the negative macroeconomic impact of possible aid and revenue shortfalls. We find that the mobilization of domestic revenues through changes in tax policy is the preferred policy response for the Afghan central government. Such a response helps to place its finances on a sustainable path in the near term and preserve most of the growth potential. Cutting expenditures balances public finances but causes the economy to permanently shrink. Debt financing helps to preserve much of the economy size but can quickly put the sustainability of public finances at risk.
26
Thao, Nguyen Duy Linh. "ATTRACTING INVESTMENTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMART CITY PHU QUOC - KIEN GIANG PROVINCE." International Journal of Advanced Economics 4, no. 4 (2022): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijae.v4i4.332.
Full textAbstract:
On August 1, 2018, the Prime Minister issued Decision No. 950/QD-TTg, Decided to approve the project of sustainable, innovative city development in Vietnam from 2018 to 2025 and orientation to 2030 (Decision No. 950/TTg) along with the requirement to increase the mobilization of investment capital, domestic and foreign technical assistance. Thus, Phu Quoc Urban, Kien Giang province, is considered a typical pilot of Kien Giang and Vietnam to effectively exploit the potential and turn Phu Quoc into a luxury tourist city, currently modern, intelligent, and safe, environmentally friendly, attracting tourists all over the world. The development of Phu Quoc is oriented to develop synchronously in technical infrastructure, database, quality of life, intelligent city management, landscape, sustainable development, and competitiveness improvement. Competition, effective public services, ensuring security and social order and safety. This article answers the question, "How to attract domestic and foreign resources to invest in developing Phu Quoc's smart city to help Phu Quoc achieve the goals and vision stated above".The article has the task of defining the concept of resources limited to finance and new and innovative technologies for smart cities. The article also examines the influencing factors that play a decisive role in attracting and mobilizing resources to meet the development goals of smart Phu Quoc city. The article will answer the research question that with the primary investment resources being the minimal state budget, how to attract the whole society's resources, especially foreign direct investment and investment from foreign countries. Large private corporations in the country have capital, technology, management experience, and smart city construction potential.
The article studies the experience of attracting and mobilizing investment for smart cities globally, clarifying the current investment situation of Phu Quoc and the current requirements for mobilizing investment resources in Phu Quoc. The article proposes the immediate solution to attract and mobilize investment resources from different economic sectors for Phu Quoc smart city, focusing on private resources and foreign direct investment (FDI) resources.
The solutions will focus on renewing thinking and awareness in piloting new mechanisms, perfecting mechanisms and policies to encourage resource mobilization of all economic sectors, especially the public-private coordination mechanism and modern technology for investment and development of Phu Quoc, turning this city into a bright and modern city at the top level of the whole ASEAN region soon. The article uses a qualitative approach and analysis, synthesis, and comparison methods to serve the research. The data is secondary collected from various sources of Kien Giang departments and business associations.
Keywords: Smart city Phu Quoc, Capital Mobilization, Non-State Investment, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).
27
Khatun, Fahmida. "Growth Narrative of Bangladesh Economy." Making of Contemporary Maldives: Isolation, Dictatorship and Democracy 1, no. 1 (2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.52823/mjkd3752.
Full textAbstract:
Bangladesh has made impressive progress and undergone structural changes over the last five decades despite resource constraints and various social and political challenges. However, while in the long-term, its economic growth is remarkable, the short-term performance is somewhat disappointing. Moreover, while the average and aggregate numbers paint an inspiring image, disaggregated indicators do not often support the apparent good health of the economy. This paper brings out two issues: (i) what have been the growth drivers of Bangladesh economy, and (ii) what have been the outcomes of growth. It also makes a number of recommendations for maintaining, expediting and sustaining the growth momentum. The article recommends for more employment generation in the formal sector, reduction of inequality, mobilization of higher domestic resources, energizing private investment, and above all, ensuring good governance. The paper emphasizes on continuous institutional reforms to improve the quality of growth and ensure distributional justice in Bangladesh.
28
Lagutin, Oleg. "FORMATION OF THE USSR MOBILIZATION MODEL OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF AN UNSTABLE SYSTEM OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN THE PRE-WAR PERIOD." Political Expertise: POLITEX 17, no. 2 (2021): 208–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2021.207.
Full textAbstract:
The article considers the phenomenon of the mobilization model of the economy of the Soviet Union in the interwar period through the concepts of technological zones by Oleg Grigoriev and the pendulum model of management by Alexander Prokhorov. These concepts allow us to analyze the structural features of the Soviet technological zone and its differences from the technological zones of capitalist economies. It is also shown that the domestic technological zone could be formed only in mobilization conditions, when the state management system was formed, ensuring a high level of resource mobilization and their redistribution to special strategic areas of development. The emergency management system creates a mobilization type of economy, which is characterized by: the identification of priority economic units (from economic sectors to enterprises) of strategic importance; centralized management, long-term planning; concentration of investment capital in the production sector; and broad state participation in the economic sphere. A striking historical precedent for an effective mobilization economy is the Stalinist economic model, thanks to which the Soviet Union won an economic victory over Germany at the end of 1942. The selected priorities of the Soviet economy of the Stalinist period are still relevant today: the military-industrial complex; the fuel and energy complex; the agro-industrial complex; the transport system; and the education system. Thanks to the development of these priority socio-economic spheres of the Soviet period, the Russian Federation has a significant and unique scientific and technological, production and personnel base. In the USSR after the Second World War, an innovative model of state development was implemented, which relies on the production of new knowledge.
29
Greene, Samuel A., and Graeme B. Robertson. "Politics, justice and the new Russian strike." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 43, no. 1 (2009): 73–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2009.10.009.
Full textAbstract:
After almost a decade of passivity, Russian workers are once again striking. For the first time since the 1990s, labor unrest has spread across the country, affecting foreign and domestic investors, well-to-do industrial and natural-resource enterprises and infrastructural installations. But unlike in the 1990s, these strikes have accompanied an economic boom, suggesting that patterns of Russian labor unrest are beginning to resemble those in other countries. Analysis of several recent strikes, meanwhile, suggests the early emergence of a new labor proto-movement, characterized by feelings of entitlement and injustice that stem in part from government rhetoric, while pushed into opposition by the state’s refusal to accommodate genuine labor mobilization.
30
Eissa, Noura Abdel Maksoud. "Egypt Within the Sustainable Development Goals One and Two of the United Nations: Overview and Recommendations Thereof." Research in World Economy 11, no. 5 (2020): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/rwe.v11n5p420.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this article is to (1) posit indicators to measure the performance of Egypt in achieving United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals one, to end poverty in all its forms and two, zero hunger, and (2) develop policy recommendations with regards to reducing poverty. Research methods include a systematic macro-process, general to narrow analysis, offering indicators and policy recommendations for governments to follow in achieving the sustainable development goals on poverty. The article is significant since it links between macroeconomics of poverty, an analysis of the quality and quantity of research conducted on the topic, the poor economics individual perspective, examples of pre and post-covid sustainable development goals one and two actual performance. Conclusions convey that poverty alleviation requires a combined public, private, and institutional collaboration to enhance the poor community capacity building, domestic resource mobilization techniques, efficient resource allocation and an awareness of the importance of implementing the sustainable development goals.
31
Kochurova, L. I., E. I. Kharlampenkov, Yu N. Kleshchevskiy, S. L. Engel, and V. V. Andreev. "Specific Features of Russian Economy Development on the Current Stage." Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics 17, no. 6 (2020): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2020-6-45-53.
Full textAbstract:
The article studies the current economic situation in Russia: problems of economy development, the role of stateowned corporations and small and medium business in economy, problems of their interaction and key lines in development in the near future. The structure of domestic product of the country was described, as well as the role of certain industries of business in its formation. The chief goal of state is to re-orientate from resource-mining to resource – processing, which complies with the concept of added value and shall ensure the sustainable development of economic growth. The authors come to the conclusion that only interaction of big, medium and small business in the country can provide certain success in development, that human factor, interest of workers in results of enterprise work can become a decisive factor on the current stage. Key vectors of economy development in Russia have been identified. It was underlined that state must become an important regulator of market processes in the country. Today Russia must choose its future strategy: it can be either an inertial way of neo-liberal reforms and degrading of scientific potential or mobilization of intellectual resources to restructure economy on principles of developed market with the leading role of state.
32
Scoop, E. M. L. "The dealing of SIDS with recent challenges in taxation and tax systems – will domestic resource mobilization be the key to sustainable development?" Caribisch Juristenblad 5, no. 2 (2016): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5553/cjb/221132662016005002002.
Full text
33
Salami, Adeleke. "Taxation, revenue allocation and fiscal federalism in Nigeria: Issues, challenges and policy options." Ekonomski anali 56, no. 189 (2011): 27–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka1189027s.
Full textAbstract:
Taxation is one of the most important and easy sources of revenue to any government, as the government possesses inherent power to impose taxes and levies. Nigeria tax system has been weak due largely to inadequate data of the tax base and heavy reliance on oil revenue. With the volatility in oil prices and excruciating impacts of the recent global financial crisis, taxation deserves more attention now than ever before in Nigeria. One issue that is critical to domestic resource mobilization and utilization is the issue of fiscal federalism. Nigeria operates three tiers of government; Federal, State and Local Governments with separate revenue, expenditure, and assigned responsibilities each. However, all decisions including resources are controlled from the centre and the vertical revenue allocations tilt more towards the direction of federal government, contrary to the tenets of federalism the country is practicing. Both vertical and horizontal revenue in Nigeria is engulfed in controversy. The paper presents key issues, trend and challenges of taxation and fiscal federalism in Nigeria. In addition, the paper highlights a number of suggestions that would stimulate increase in tax revenue and guarantee fiscal assignment acceptable to the federal and sub-national government.
34
Saxenian, Helen, Ipchita Bharali, Osondu Ogbuoji, and Gavin Yamey. "A quantitative analysis of sources of changes in government expenditures on health, 2000 to 2015: what can we learn from experience to date?" Gates Open Research 3 (January 11, 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.12900.1.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) requires increased domestic financing of health by low-income countries (LICs) and middle-income countries (MICs). It is critical to understand how much governments have devoted to health from their own sources and how much growth might be realistic over time. Methods: Using data from WHO’s Global Health Expenditure Database, we examined how the composition of current health expenditure changed by financing source and the main sources of growth in health expenditures from 2000-2015. We also disaggregated how much growth in government expenditures on health from domestic sources was due to economic growth, growth in the tax base, reallocations in government expenditures towards health, and the interactions of these factors. Results: Lower MICs (LMICs) and upper MICs (UMICs), as a group, saw a significant reduction in out-of-pocket expenditures and a significant growth in government expenditures on health from domestic sources as a share of current health expenditures over the period. This trend indicates likely progress in the pathway to UHC. For LICs, these trends were much more muted. Growth in government expenditure on health from domestic sources was driven primarily by economic growth in LICs, LMICs, and UMICs. Growth in government expenditure on health due to a strengthened tax base was most important in UMICs. For high-income countries, where economic growth was relatively slower and tax bases were already strong, the largest driver of growth in government expenditure on health from domestic sources was reallocation of the government budget towards health. Conclusions: Given these findings from 2000-2015, discussions about a government’s ability to reallocate to health from its overall budget need to be evidence based and pragmatic. Dialogue on domestic resource mobilization needs to emphasize overall economic growth and growth in the tax base as well as the share of health in the government budget.
35
Vasil'eva, Inna, and Ol'ga Bulatova. "The ratio of subjective resources and academic debt among students enrolled in individual educational trajectories in conditions of extreme social challenges." Applied psychology and pedagogy 6, no. 3 (2021): 92–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2500-0543-2021-6-3-92-103.
Full textAbstract:
Domestic higher education is going through a stage of active search for new forms of education focused on sustainability in an era of change. It is important to understand how factors of different levels of complexity (pandemic and innovative learning format) jointly affect the success of university education and resource parameters as markers of psychological well-being. Academic indebtedness is viewed as an external marker of the subjective resource of students.
The aim of the work is to assess the ratio of academic debt and subject resource capacity among students studying according to individual educational trajectories (IET) and traditional educational technologies in universities of the Tyumen region. 280 students were polled anonymously via google-forms. Data collection methods: self-organization questionnaire E.Yu. Mandrikova; the scale of basic beliefs by R. Yanov-Bulman; questionnaire «Methods of coping behavior» by R. Lazarus; methodology for assessing «autonomy – dependence» G.S. Prygin; scale of psychological well-being K. Riff (adaptation of T.D.Shevelenkova, P.P. Fesenko); questionnaire «Losses and acquisitions of personal resources» N.Ye. Vodopyanova, M. Stein. Data analysis methods: Kruskell-Wallis H-test and Spearman's r-rank correlation test.
The results of the study made it possible to formulate the following conclusions:
1) Students enrolled in IET have less pronounced subjective resources than students enrolled in traditional technology. Factors of different levels of complexity (pandemic and innovative teaching format) affect the success of university studies and resource parameters. IET advancement occurs in stages, is associated with the awareness of oneself as a subject of activity, requires the mobilization of resources for the development of the environment. A stressful factor was the transition to a distance learning format in the context of a pandemic, which led to a significant loss of resources among students enrolled in individual educational trajectories.
2) Protecting the parameters of subject resource capacity could be successful through the expansion of the functions of tutor support - specialists who are close in age to students and at the same time deeply integrated into the environment of a university that implements IET.
The study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research within the framework of the scientific project No. 20-413-720004 "Resource subjectivity of students in universities that implement innovative educational technologies in the face of extreme social challenges in the Tyumen region."
36
Davymuka, Stepan, and Liliya Klyuchnyk. "Assets of households in the formation of investment potential of Ukraine in conditions of socio-economic instability." Regional Economy, no. 2(96) (2020): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36818/1562-0905-2020-2-7.
Full textAbstract:
The investment capacity of the households of any country is the decisive factor of increasing the wellbeing of each person, population, and socio-economic system of a state in general. Growing nominal and real income of population and creation of respective financial resources that secure their transformation into the investment resource are the major preconditions of improvement of the households’ investment opportunities. Households become increasingly active savers and perspective investors for the domestic economy as they invest temporary free funds in various financial tools. The article examines the study of households, their financial behavior and interests, as increasing the welfare of each individual strengthens the entire socio-economic system of the state. The question of the peculiarities of the formation of financial resources in the conditions of market relations in Ukraine is outlined. Factors influencing their state of formation are determined. The role of household savings in the development of the economy is substantiated, the classification of savings depending on the nature of mobilization is considered. The dynamics of savings attracted by the banking system of Ukraine is analyzed. The situation with deposits of domestic households is outlined, and the dependence of investment decisions of households on the general political and economic situation in the country is demonstrated. Emphasis is placed on non-bank credit institutions, in particular on credit unions and private pension funds, life insurance contracts. The popularity of unorganized savings of households in Ukraine is proved, which is due to the lack of public confidence in financial institutions. The author proposes directions to motivate the savings of households in Ukraine in order to increase the productivity of their operation.
37
Samuwai, Jale, Jeremy Maxwell Hills, and Evanthie Michalena. "Thinking Outside the Box: Deepening Private Sector Investments in Fiji’s Nationally Determined Contributions through Scenario Analysis." Sustainability 11, no. 15 (2019): 4161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154161.
Full textAbstract:
Private finance is seen as the financing panacea for resourcing the nationally determined contributions (NDC) submitted by 170 countries to the United Nations (UN) system. Mobilizing private investment is challenging, especially for vulnerable Pacific Island Countries (PICs). Fifteen PICs have already submitted ambitious NDC targets, in which transition towards a sustainable energy environment through investment in renewable energy (RE) is central. Presently, RE investments in PICs are primarily external donor financed, however, reliance on limited and uncertain external finance is unlikely to deliver the required energy transition. A future scenario methodology was used, with Fiji as a case-study; the analysis provided insight into alternative trajectories towards transition. Based on the scenario analysis, an NDC resource mobilization framework was developed. Conclusions suggest that donors should re-orientate their priorities from investments in RE installations, towards investments that upgrade the current RE readiness levels and promote a long-term perspective of “organically growing” the local private RE sector. Channeling resources to target initiatives that will endogenously grow the domestic private sector is critical for PICs, as well as other developing countries, which represent a majority of the NDCs, and which are projected to dominate global growth in energy demand for decades to come.
38
Weiss, Jessica Chen. "Authoritarian Signaling, Mass Audiences, and Nationalist Protest in China." International Organization 67, no. 1 (2013): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818312000380.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractHow can authoritarian states credibly signal their intentions in international crises? Nationalist, antiforeign protests are one mechanism by which authoritarian leaders can visibly demonstrate their domestic vulnerability. Because protests in authoritarian states are risky and costly to repress, the decision to allow or stifle popular mobilization is informative. The threat of instability demonstrates resolve, and the cost of concession increases the credibility of a tough stance. The danger of instability and escalation increases foreign incentives to make concessions and preserve the status quo. This logic helps explain the pattern of authoritarian tolerance and repression toward nationalist protest. A case study of two U.S.-China crises shows how China's management of anti-American protests affected U.S. beliefs about Chinese resolve.
39
Ejaz, Mehak, and Kalim Hyder. "Fan Chart Approach to Debt Sustainability in Pakistan." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 24, no. 2 (2019): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2019.v24.i2.a1.
Full textAbstract:
Pakistan’s economy has experienced relatively high growth of above 4.5 percent during FY2014-18. Meanwhile external liabilities and domestic debt have increased by almost 50 percent over the same period. This substantial increase in the external and domestic debt is a major issue for policymakers concerned about debt sustainability in Pakistan. With the objective of analyzing debt sustainability in Pakistan, this study applies a probabilistic approach to project the debt path from FY2019 to FY2025. In this approach, projections of the primary balance are derived from the estimated fiscal reaction function while the density forecast of external debt is derived from various statistical and structural models. The forecasts of the primary balance and the external debt along with the shocks of real GDP growth, real exchange rate and real interest are incorporated in the debt accumulation identity. This procedure provides a fan chart of the total debt-to-GDP ratio, which represents the appropriate uncertainty associated with the projections. The key finding of the paper is that external debt is reasonably sustained; however, the situation of the total debt is alarming. External debt may witness a declining trajectory in FY2019-20 and then remain stable within the range of 20-30 percent of GDP. However, the total debt-to-GDP ratio is rising throughout the projection period, which starts from around 100 to 175 percent of GDP in FY2020 and FY2025 and is higher than any sustainable threshold level. Therefore, policy makers need to contain fiscal deficits by domestic resource mobilization and the adoption of austerity in spending on a priority basis.
40
Raheem, Ibrahim Dolapo. "More Finance or Better Finance in Feldstein–Horioka Puzzle: Evidence from SSA Countries." Global Business Review 18, no. 1 (2017): 132–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972150916666912.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined the role of financial development in the Feldstein–Horioka (FH) puzzle for 31 sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries for the period 1999–2011. Unlike previous studies that used traditional measures of finance (‘more finance’), we advocated for superior measures of financial development (‘better finance’). The baseline regression shows that ‘more finance’ increases the FH estimate, while ‘better finance’ serves as drag to the same retention coefficients. The reverse of these results was obtained when the baseline regression was extended to account for the interaction between savings and proxies for finance. The results obtained show a considerable improvement in the saving retention coefficient when ‘better finance’ was used as against ‘more finance’. This concretely reinforces the superior role of ‘better finance’ in mobilizing, distributing and utilizing savings for investment within these economies. Based on these findings, domestic resource mobilization can be a veritable vehicle for plugging the substantial investment gap in these SSA economies. However, such policy thrust must be complemented by far-reaching financial reforms.
41
Christofer, Otniel. "LABOUR MOVEMENT IN CHINA." Jurnal Dinamika Global 4, no. 01 (2019): 178–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.36859/jdg.v4i01.104.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this article is to give an explanation related to the industrial relations in China. Industrial relations is a study that explores the power play between three actors: government, companies, and labour. Along with the increase of global production, labour become one of the key actors in defining a state's economy and has become a relevant political forces. China is one of many nations that relies heavily on it's labour to be the motor of their economy. In the last 3 decades, China have seen their Gross Domestic Product (GDP) reached almost 10% improvement, and it's one of the fastest improved GDP in the modern economy. This was caused by a change in China's economy to an open-door policy in the 1970s. With this policy in place, this brings chances to multinational corporations (MNCs) to expand their activities to China. In 2010, Honda as one of the MNCs in China were facing a strike from their labour. They demand an improvement on their income and a more representing union. The theory used to support this research is a theory called resource mobilization theory. The focus in this theory is the ability of a social movement to acquire resources and mobilize it to achieve their goals. In this case, is economics goals and a more representing union. The research question used in this article is "Is Honda's labour is mobilizing their resources to achieve their goals?". From this research, we found that Honda's labour is using their resources such as their members and the public attention to achieve their goals.
42
Jirali, Akshata Anil. "A Study on Reassessing Tax and Development Research in Present Context." International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews 03, no. 12 (2022): 2337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.2022.31272.
Full textAbstract:
The shortcomings of economic statistics for developing nations, as well as the possibility that bad data have led to inaccurate research findings and bad policy recommendations, are of growing concern. Cross-country tax data provide a striking example, with existing datasets frequently being significantly underreported, analytically imprecise, rife with errors, and glaringly opaque. The International Centre for Tax and Development's new Government Revenue Dataset, which offers a more dependable, transparent, and thorough basis for international research, is introduced in this paper. Initially, this new dataset was used to reevaluate key issues regarding the connections between tax and aid, elections, economic growth, and democratization. Governments receive the money they need from taxes to invest in development, alleviate poverty, and provide public services. It offers a remedy for aid dependency in developing nations and offers the fiscal stability and sustainability required to foster growth. In terms of transparency and fairness, tax system design is also closely related to domestic and international investment choices. Enhancing domestic resource mobilization involves more than just increasing revenue; it also entails creating a tax structure that supports social justice, good governance, inclusiveness, and appropriate income and wealth disparities. The social contract between governments and citizens and the improvement of the state's ability to function effectively both depend on taxes. The taxation system is essential to creating more accountable and effective states because it promotes communication between states and their citizens. Tax administration reforms may spread to other areas of the public sector.
43
KUDRYASHOV, Vasyl. "STRATEGIC PRINCIPLES OF PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT." Economy of Ukraine 2022, no. 9 (2022): 58–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/economyukr.2022.09.058.
Full textAbstract:
The war waged by the Russian Federation against Ukraine led to a sharp rise in the risks of revenue mobilization and increase in expenditures. The need to attract significant amounts of additional resources, in particular, by expanding borrowing has arisen. A significant increase in debt financing was not foreseen in the medium-term plans, which complicates management decision making during the war. At the same time, debt financing from internal sources is carried out with insufficient activity of private investors. As a result, a tendency towards an increase in the share of domestic government loan bonds owned by the National Bank of Ukraine and banks strengthened, leading to aggravation of financial stability risks. The need to introduce significant changes to the management of public debt obligations, first of all, to update strategic approaches that would involve solving not only current problems, but also those emerging in long- and medium-term perspective, became apparent. To this end, it is necessary to determine the principles of the public debt management strategy not only during the war, but also in the post-war period, to substantiate proposals and recommendations on introducing changes for its implementation. A new Public Debt Management Strategy should be aimed both at financing measures to counter Russian aggression, and at stabilizing the economy in the post-war period and resuming the country's progressive development. For this purpose, it is proposed to envisage several stages of solving the following tasks: i) enlargement of debt expansion, ii) stabilization of public finance, iii) return to the use of fiscal rules, reorientation to economic growth support and financing appropriate measures in emergency situations. When developing the Strategy, the content of the public debt, the purpose of debt management, its goals and objectives should be clarified. It is suggested to supplement it with public debt portfolio (that will reflect a combination of debt instruments taking into account the risks of their implementation), to change the mechanisms of resource mobilization, repayment and servicing of loans, and to restructure and refinance them.
44
Ijjo, Alex Thomas, and Isaac M. B. Shinyekwa. "Foreign Aid and Trade Capacity Development Recent Evidence from Uganda." Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 3 (2016): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v9n3p39.
Full textAbstract:
Endemic supply side constraints including fluctuating output levels, deficient trade infrastructure, rampant non-tariff barriers and incapacity to ensure international quality standards continue to thwart the gainful participation of many Least Developed Countries (LDCs) in an increasingly liberal global trade environment. At its 2005 Hong Kong Ministerial Conference, the World Trade Organization launched its Aid for Trade (AFT) initiative aimed at coordinating global financial support for strengthening trade capacity in Least Developed Countries (LDCs). This paper examined the effect of foreign aid, particularly Official Development Assistance, on Uganda’s external trade and its AFT component in strengthening the country’s trade capacity. Using time series Error Correction Modelling and the World Bank’s World Development Indicators and official national statistics, the paper finds small but positive aid influence on Uganda’s exports and imports and generally close alignment between aid and national priorities. However, given general aid volatility but more especially following the anti-homosexuality legislation and gross corruption allegations in the case of Uganda, the paper advises that external aid be treated as a supplement rather than a substitute for domestic financial resource mobilization in trade capacity development.
45
Cardinal, Marta Victoria, Gustavo Fabián Enriquez, Natalia Paula Macchiaverna, et al. "Long-term impact of a ten-year intervention program on human and canine Trypanosoma cruzi infection in the Argentine Chaco." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 5 (2021): e0009389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009389.
Full textAbstract:
Background Interruption of domestic vector-borne transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi is still an unmet goal in several American countries. In 2007 we launched a long-term intervention program aimed to suppress house infestation with the main domestic vector in southern South America (Triatoma infestans) and domestic transmission in Pampa del Indio, a resource-constrained, hyperendemic municipality with 1446 rural houses inhabited by Creole and indigenous people, in the Argentine Chaco ecoregion. Here, we assessed whether the 10-year insecticide-based program combined with community mobilization blocked vector-borne domestic transmission of T. cruzi to humans and dogs. Methods We carried out two municipality-wide, cross-sectional serosurveys of humans and dogs (considered sentinel animals) during 2016–2017 to compare with baseline data. We used a risk-stratified random sampling design to select 273 study houses; 410 people from 180 households and 492 dogs from 151 houses were examined for antibodies to T. cruzi using at least two serological methods. Results The seroprevalence of T. cruzi in children aged <16 years was 2.5% in 2017 (i.e., 4- to 11-fold lower than before interventions). The mean annual force of child infection (λ) sharply decreased from 2.18 to 0.34 per 100 person-years in 2017. One of 102 children born after interventions was seropositive for T. cruzi; he had lifetime residence in an apparently uninfested house, no outside travel history, and his mother was T. cruzi-seropositive. No incident case was detected among 114 seronegative people of all ages re-examined serologically. Dog seroprevalence was 3.05%. Among native dogs, λ in 2016 (1.21 per 100 dog-years) was 5 times lower than at program onset. Six native adult dogs born after interventions and with stable lifetime residence were T. cruzi-seropositive: three had exposure to T. infestans at their houses and one was an incident case. Conclusions These results support the interruption of vector-borne transmission of T. cruzi to humans in rural Pampa del Indio. Congenital transmission was the most likely source of the only seropositive child born after interventions. Residual transmission to dogs was likely related to transient infestations and other transmission routes. Sustained vector control supplemented with human chemotherapy can lead to a substantial reduction of Chagas disease transmission in the Argentine Chaco.
46
Stoliarchuk, Yaroslava, Olena Liutak, Olena Baula, Lidiya Lisovska, and Serhii Voitovych. "EUROPEAN INTEGRATION DEVELOPMENT PLATFORM OF INNOVATIVE ENTREPRENEURSHIP OF UKRAINE." Financial and credit activity problems of theory and practice 4, no. 45 (2022): 396–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.55643/fcaptp.4.45.2022.3669.
Full textAbstract:
The fundamental processes of innovation of the global economic system and the dynamic development of industry 4.0 put forward among the strategic priorities of economic development of Ukraine the development of domestic innovative entrepreneurship as one of the main tools for the inclusion of Ukrainian companies in the global value chains. Systemic development of innovative entrepreneurship implies both maximum mobilization of the national scientific and technical resource and its deep integration into European innovation networks. Study of the system of factors related to the development of innovative entrepreneurship on the GDP of Ukraine, and justification of the key directions of its development based on the implementation of tools and mechanisms provided by the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union. An integrated methodological approach based on the use of general scientific and special methods of scientific research, primarily economic and mathematical modelling and extrapolation, as well as statistical and graphical methods in the processing and synthesis of statistical data and their reflection. The conducted econometric analysis showed that the most significant impact on GDP is exerted by such factors of development of innovative entrepreneurship as total expenditures in the areas of innovation, research and development, purchase of machines and equipment and software, introduction of innovative products, investment in fixed capital. Full-scale implementation of the tools for the development of innovative entrepreneurship, laid down in the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union, will ensure the dynamic spread in the Ukrainian economy of new forms of research and development (R & d), large-scale implementation of their results in economic practice, as well as the intensification of international technological transfer of domestic economic entities.
47
Glenn, Jeffrey, Aparna Barua Adams, Girija Sankar, et al. "Towards a shared understanding of sustainability for neglected tropical disease programs." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 8 (2021): e0009595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009595.
Full textAbstract:
Background Sustainability within neglected tropical disease (NTD) programs is a complex and challenging issue. The need for a shared understanding about what sustainability means for NTD programs is more important than ever as stakeholders are currently realigning for the next decade of NTD programming with the launch of WHO’s new NTD roadmap for 2012–2030. The aim of this paper is to assess different perspectives to generate a working definition of sustainability for NTD programs. Methodology/Principal findings This study surveyed affiliates of the NTD NGO Network (NNN) about their definitions of sustainability and then analyzed the data using an inductive and deductive process. The research team drafted a sustainability statement based on the survey findings and then solicited and incorporated feedback on the statement from a diverse group of expert reviewers. The final statement includes a working definition of sustainability for NTD programs that highlights three key essential components to sustainability: domestic commitment, responsive resource mobilization, and accountability. Conclusions/Significance This research resulted in a sustainability statement, based on a survey and extensive consultation with stakeholders, that represents a starting point for shared understanding around the concept of sustainability for NTD programs. Future collaborative work should build off this definition and seek to incorporate indicators for sustainability into programmatic decision-making.
48
Haryadi, Didid. "Otonomi Kolektif dan Operasionalisasi Kesadaran Publik dalam Gerakan Solidaritas Pangan Jogja (SPJ)." COVID-19 and Resilience 1, no. 01 (2021): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.bjss.2021.001.01.4.
Full textAbstract:
The Covid-19 pandemic has changed the pattern of interaction and socialization of community members. One of them is an effort to build awareness and social solidarity to help each other, especially in the dimension of domestic needs, such as food fulfillment. The Jogja Food Solidarity Movement (Solidaritas Pangan Jogja/SPJ) represents a collective action that grew because of the awareness of individuals and groups to distribute food aid to informal workers and marginalized groups in Yogyakarta. This paper examines two main points; first, how SPJ manages its social network pattern during the Covid-19 pandemic. Second, why the SPJ movement is autonomous. Using a qualitative approach and case study method, this paper finds that the SPJ movement maximizes social capital through networks and social support from non-governmental institutions, activist groups, artists, students, and the Kulon Progo Coastal Farmers Association (Paguyuban Petani Lahan Pantai/PPLP) to distribute food. to the public. The SPJ movement is formed organically, autonomously and rationally, which is a manifestation of systematically organized collective action. Through the analysis of the Resource Mobilization Theory (Teori Mobilisasi Sumber Daya/TMSD), the SPJ movement is needed to create and show collective dissatisfaction, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic, namely without which dissatisfaction is only at the individual level.
49
Collins, Christina Tekie. "The meaning and uses of privatization: the case of the Ethiopian developmental state." Africa 92, no. 4 (2022): 602–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972022000341.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractNot long after his election as prime minister of Ethiopia, Dr Abiy Ahmed declared that the country would privatize state-owned enterprises (SOEs) such as Ethiopian Airlines and Ethio Telcom, opening up sectors once considered off limits to foreign capital as part of his medemer reforms. On the surface, it might appear as if the Ethiopian leader was signalling a greater embrace of neoliberal (or market liberalizing) policies through his advocacy of privatization. However, this article interprets the call not as an ‘opening up’ to the demands of global capitalism, but as a calculated policy decision existing within the logics of the state’s developmentalist ideology. Through an analysis of the intellectual foundations and institutional evolution of the country’s privatization programme, I argue that the Ethiopian government privatizes SOEs as a revenue-generating strategy that augments state economic power by capitalizing on incomes gained through development investments – using the case of the domestic beer industry as my ethnographic example. By doing this, I unsettle assumptions about the meaning and uses of privatization within a developmentalist framework, demonstrating how Ethiopian leaders contend with global ideas, producing innovative strategies of resource mobilization to promote economic growth while protecting local sovereignty – a distinct form of African state capitalism.
50
Ilesanmi, Olayinka, Aanuoluwapo Afolabi, and Ayi Kwaghe. "A scope review on the global impact of COVID-19 lockdown on adolescents’ health." African Health Sciences 21, no. 4 (2021): 1518–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v21i4.4.
Full textAbstract:
Background: The implementation of COVID-19 lockdown measures across the globe could affect adolescents’ health.
Objective: This review was conducted to assess the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the health of the adolescents.
Methodology: We conducted this study using the scope reviews methodological framework. We searched for articles on the effects of COVID-19 lockdown among adolescents on four databases; MedLine, PubMed, Directory of Open Access Journals and Google Scholar. Screening of articles was done for relevance to the study objective.
Results: The positive effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on adolescents included increased physical activity for adolescents 17 years and below, increased resource mobilization for healthy lifestyle, and psychosocial support programs for schools. The negative effects of the lockdown period were decreased physical activity with resulting disruptive sleep patterns; increased screen time, behavioral addictive disorder from excessive use of the internet, increased levels of domestic abuse,and worsening of existing mental health disorders. Overall, the COVID-19 lockdown period has had considerable adverseeffects on adolescents’ health.
Conclusion: To curb the negative effects of the COVID-19 lockdown, we recommend parental supervision of adolescents’ screen time. Adolescent health should be prioritized by policymakers to ensure that future lockdown does not adversely affect them.
Keywords: Adolescent health; Coronavirus; COVID-19 lockdown.