Journal articles: 'Domestic violence and mental illness'

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Srivastava, Jyoti, Indira Sharma, and Anuradha Khanna. "Domestic Violence in Married Women with Mental Illness & Non-Mental Illness." Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 6, no. 4 (2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2015.00187.4.

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Karystianis, George, Annabeth Simpson, Armita Adily, Peter Schofield, David Greenberg, Handan Wand, Goran Nenadic, and Tony Butler. "Prevalence of Mental Illnesses in Domestic Violence Police Records: Text Mining Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 12 (December 24, 2020): e23725. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/23725.

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Background The New South Wales Police Force (NSWPF) records details of significant numbers of domestic violence (DV) events they attend each year as both structured quantitative data and unstructured free text. Accessing information contained in the free text such as the victim’s and persons of interest (POI's) mental health status could be useful in the better management of DV events attended by the police and thus improve health, justice, and social outcomes. Objective The aim of this study is to present the prevalence of extracted mental illness mentions for POIs and victims in police-recorded DV events. Methods We applied a knowledge-driven text mining method to recognize mental illness mentions for victims and POIs from police-recorded DV events. Results In 416,441 police-recorded DV events with single POIs and single victims, we identified 64,587 events (15.51%) with at least one mental illness mention versus 4295 (1.03%) recorded in the structured fixed fields. Two-thirds (67,582/85,880, 78.69%) of mental illnesses were associated with POIs versus 21.30% (18,298/85,880) with victims; depression was the most common condition in both victims (2822/12,589, 22.42%) and POIs (7496/39,269, 19.01%). Mental illnesses were most common among POIs aged 0-14 years (623/1612, 38.65%) and in victims aged over 65 years (1227/22,873, 5.36%). Conclusions A wealth of mental illness information exists within police-recorded DV events that can be extracted using text mining. The results showed mood-related illnesses were the most common in both victims and POIs. Further investigation is required to determine the reliability of the mental illness mentions against sources of diagnostic information.

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Hegarty, Kelsey. "Domestic violence: the hidden epidemic associated with mental illness." British Journal of Psychiatry 198, no. 3 (March 2011): 169–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.110.083758.

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SummaryDespite domestic violence being a very common problem in individuals with severe mental illness, there is very little research in this setting. Multiple barriers exist to disclosure by users and enquiry by providers. Training and systems for identification and responding to domestic violence are urgently needed in mental health clinics.

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Khalifeh, H., P. Moran, R. Borschmann, K. Dean, C. Hart, J. Hogg, D. Osborn, S. Johnson, and L. M. Howard. "Domestic and sexual violence against patients with severe mental illness." Psychological Medicine 45, no. 4 (September 4, 2014): 875–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291714001962.

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BackgroundDomestic and sexual violence are significant public health problems but little is known about the extent to which men and women with severe mental illness (SMI) are at risk compared with the general population. We aimed to compare the prevalence and impact of violence against SMI patients and the general population.MethodThree hundred and three randomly recruited psychiatric patients, in contact with community services for ⩾1 year, were interviewed using the British Crime Survey domestic/sexual violence questionnaire. Prevalence and correlates of violence in this sample were compared with those from 22 606 general population controls participating in the contemporaneous 2011/12 national crime survey.ResultsPast-year domestic violence was reported by 27%v.9% of SMI and control women, respectively [odds ratio (OR) adjusted for socio-demographics, aOR 2.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7–4.0], and by 13%v.5% of SMI and control men, respectively (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.0–2.8). Past-year sexual violence was reported by 10%v.2.0% of SMI and control women respectively (aOR 2.9, 95% CI 1.4–5.8). Family (non-partner) violence comprised a greater proportion of overall domestic violence among SMI than control victims (63%v.35%,p< 0.01). Adulthood serious sexual assault led to attempted suicide more often among SMI than control female victims (53%v.3.4%,p< 0.001).ConclusionsCompared to the general population, patients with SMI are at substantially increased risk of domestic and sexual violence, with a relative excess of family violence and adverse health impact following victimization. Psychiatric services, and public health and criminal justice policies, need to address domestic and sexual violence in this at-risk group.

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Khalifeh, H., S. Johnson, L. M. Howard, R. Borschmann, D. Osborn, K. Dean, C. Hart, J. Hogg, and P. Moran. "Violent and non-violent crime against adults with severe mental illness." British Journal of Psychiatry 206, no. 4 (April 2015): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.114.147843.

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BackgroundLittle is known about the relative extent of crime against people with severe mental illness (SMI).AimsTo assess the prevalence and impact of crime among people with SMI compared with the general population.MethodA total of 361 psychiatric patients were interviewed using the national crime survey questionnaire, and findings compared with those from 3138 general population controls participating in the contemporaneous national crime survey.ResultsPast-year crime was experienced by 40% of patients v. 14% of controls (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.8, 95% CI 2.0–3.8); and violent assaults by 19% of patients v. 3% of controls (adjusted OR = 5.3, 95% CI 3.1–8.8). Women with SMI had four-, ten- and four-fold increases in the odds of experiencing domestic, community and sexual violence, respectively. Victims with SMI were more likely to report psychosocial morbidity following violence than victims from the general population.ConclusionsPeople with SMI are at greatly increased risk of crime and associated morbidity. Violence prevention policies should be particularly focused on people with SMI.

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Ayub, Muhammad, Imran Mushtaq, Salman Mushtaq, Muhammad Adnan Hafeez, Nabeel Helal, Muhammad Irfan, Bushra Hassan, Paul Tiffin, and Farooq Naeem. "Domestic violence, mental illness and suicidal ideation – A study from Lahore, Pakistan." Journal of Mental Health 22, no. 6 (November 8, 2013): 474–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/09638237.2013.775409.

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Hayes, Brittany E., Colleen E. Mills, Joshua D. Freilich, and Steven M. Chermak. "Are Honor Killings Unique? A Comparison of Honor Killings, Domestic Violence Homicides, and Hate Homicides by Far-Right Extremists." Homicide Studies 22, no. 1 (October 17, 2017): 70–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1088767917736796.

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This study compared honor killings, domestic violence homicides, and hate homicides committed by far-right extremists. Prior research has suggested that terrorists may differ from “regular” offenders whereas others suggest similarities. Data from the Extremist Crime Database were used to compare honor killings committed in the United States since 1990 to domestic violence and hate homicides ( N = 48). Open-source documents were closed coded for criminal justice involvement, domestic violence history, motivation, and offenders’ mental illness. Honor killings were more likely to have a history of domestic violence in open sources than hate homicides, suggesting these three homicides may be more similar than different.

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Ramsay, Rosalind, Sarah Welch, and Elizabeth Youard. "Needs of women patients with mental illness." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 7, no. 2 (March 2001): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.7.2.85.

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Women patients suffer from a range of mental disorders similar to those that men may experience. However, there are some striking differences in the prevalence of specific disorders, and in their presentation and management. Some mental illnesses only occur in women. It seems that women patients may have a different experience of treatment, a consequence of differences in their needs and also of the way that health professionals perceive those needs. These differences are embedded in the wider cultural milieu in which we live. There are particular issues for women patients in relation to, for example, childhood sexual abuse, rape and domestic violence. At present, tools to measure needs of individual patients are generally not gender specific.

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MARKOWITZ, FRED E., and AMY C. WATSON. "POLICE RESPONSE TO DOMESTIC VIOLENCE: SITUATIONS INVOLVING VETERANS EXHIBITING SIGNS OF MENTAL ILLNESS*." Criminology 53, no. 2 (March 11, 2015): 231–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1745-9125.12067.

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Lewin, Linda C., Amany Abdrbo, and Christopher J. Burant. "Domestic Violence in Women with Serious Mental Illness Involved with Child Protective Services." Issues in Mental Health Nursing 31, no. 2 (January 13, 2010): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01612840903383984.

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O’Connor, Manjula. "Dowry-related domestic violence and complex posttraumatic stress disorder: a case report." Australasian Psychiatry 25, no. 4 (March 28, 2017): 351–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1039856217700464.

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Objectives: This paper draws attention to the mental health impact of coercive practice of dowry demands, associated with domestic violence (DV) in an immigrant woman. Methods: This study was based on a case report and selective literature review. Results: This case history illustrates the serious mental health impacts of repeated emotional and physical trauma inflicted by a husband who was dissatisfied with his wife’s dowry. Bio-psycho-social / cultural aspects of mental health treatments needed to be augmented with attention to safety, advocacy, and access to support networks. Conclusions: Cultural factors are important determinants of mental illness. Psychiatrists need to be aware of DV and dowry when treating immigrant women.

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Srivastava, Jyoti, Indira Sharma, and Anuradha Khanna. "A study to assess the domestic violence in mental illness & normal married women." International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences 3, no. 3 (2014): 560. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2319-5886.2014.00396.8.

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Helfrich, Christine A., Ann M. Aviles, Chaula Badiani, Deborah Walens, and Peggy Sabol. "Life Skill Interventions with Homeless Youth, Domestic Violence Victims and Adults with Mental Illness." Occupational Therapy In Health Care 20, no. 3-4 (January 2006): 189–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j003v20n03_12.

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Helfrich, Christine, Ann Aviles, Chaula Badiani, Deborah Walens, and Peggy Sabol. "Life Skill Interventions with Homeless Youth, Domestic Violence Victims and Adults with Mental Illness." Occupational Therapy In Health Care 20, no. 3 (December 5, 2006): 189–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j003v20n03_12.

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Wolfe, Rachel, Joanna Lobozzo, Victoria Frye, and Victoria Sharp. "Screening for Substance Use, Sexual Practices, Mental Illness, and Domestic Violence in HIV Primary Care." JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 33, no. 4 (August 2003): 548–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00126334-200308010-00020.

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Anderson, Fraser, Louise Howard, Kimberlie Dean, Paul Moran, and Hind Khalifeh. "Childhood maltreatment and adulthood domestic and sexual violence victimisation among people with severe mental illness." Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 51, no. 7 (May 28, 2016): 961–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-016-1244-1.

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Vranda, Mysore Narasimha, Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar, D. Muralidhar, N. Janardhana, and P. T. Sivakumar. "Barriers to Disclosure of Intimate Partner Violence among Female Patients Availing Services at Tertiary Care Psychiatric Hospitals: A Qualitative Study." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 09, no. 03 (July 2018): 326–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_14_18.

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ABSTRACT Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV)/domestic violence is one of the significant public health problems, but little is known about the barriers to disclosure in tertiary care psychiatric settings. Methodology: One hundred women seeking inpatient or outpatient services at a tertiary care psychiatric setting were recruited for study using purposive sampling. A semi-structured interview was administered to collect the information from women with mental illness experiencing IPV to know about their help-seeking behaviors, reasons for disclosure/nondisclosure of IPV, perceived feelings experienced after reporting IPV, and help received from the mental health professionals (MHPs) following the disclosure of violence. Results: The data revealed that at the patient level, majority of the women chose to conceal their abuse from the mental health-care professionals, fearing retaliation from their partners if they get to know about the disclosure of violence. At the professional level, lack of privacy was another important barrier for nondisclosure where women reported that MHPs discussed the abuse in the presence of their violent partners. Conclusion: The findings of the study brought out the need for mandatory screening of violence and designing tailor-made multicomponent interventions for mental health care professionals at psychiatric setting in India.

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Gurning, Friska, Vita Camellia, Harun Taher Parinduri, and Elmeida Effendy. "The Depression Level of Women Suffering Domestic Violence in Medan, Indonesia." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, B (April 12, 2020): 983–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.3298.

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BACKGROUND: Domestic violence is defined as a social problem associated with an increased risk of mental illness in women. The violence experienced by women can be a traumatic event that leads to a psychological disorder. Domestic violence has a strong relationship with depression, including depressive symptoms, depression disorders, and suicide. Risk factors associated with depression in women victims of domestic violence are including age, education level, socioeconomic status, and long experience of violence. AIM: The aim of this study was to find the risk factors associated with the level of depression in women who experience domestic violence. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study and conducted at the Psychiatric Clinic of Dr. Pirngadi General Hospital, Medan. Subjects were 82 people of victims of domestic violence and recruited using non-probability sampling which was consecutive sampling. Subjects that meet the inclusion criteria were interviewed with the ICD-10 (A1) version of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Furthermore, subjects were asked to fill out the Beck Depression Inventory-II questionnaire. Finally, statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression through SPSS software. RESULTS: The most dominant risk factors for the level of depression were categorized with long experience of violence (odds ratio [OR] = 4.939, p = 0.018), economic level (OR = 4.436, p = 0.01), and education level (OR = 3.754, p = 0.022). CONCLUSION: A significant relationship is found between violence duration, economic level, and education level with the level of depression for women victims in domestic violence.

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McEwen, Beverly. "Eternally Vulnerable: The Pathology of Abuse in Domestic Animals." Academic Forensic Pathology 7, no. 3 (September 2017): 353–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.23907/2017.032.

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Animals are amongst the most vulnerable of all sentient beings. Animal neglect and abuse may involve a single animal and one person, or hundreds of animals and many people. Animals and people are victims of the same types of fatal injury and severe neglect; however, the anatomy and physiology of different animal species and even breeds of animals are a unique challenge for veterinary pathologists. Identifying and describing external lesions of blunt force trauma and projectile wounds requires that the entire skin be reflected from the animal because fur and feathers partially or totally mask the injuries. Because quadrupeds or birds may react differently to the same traumatic force applied to bipedal humans, extrapolating from medical forensic pathology must be done with caution. Animal abuse, however, does not occur in a vacuum. An established link exists between animal abuse, interpersonal violence, and other serious crimes. Using examples, this paper describes specific injuries in abused and neglected animals in the context of domestic violence, interpersonal violence, mental illness, and drug addiction. Medical examiners should be aware that animal abuse affects not only the animal, but individuals, families, and society as a whole.

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Gonçalves, J., and C. Lima. "The reality of domestic violence in the US." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S691—S692. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1213.

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According to the United States department of justice, domestic violence is defined as “a pattern of abusive behaviours in any relationship that are used by one partner to gain or maintain power and control over another intimate partner”. It involves a pattern of coercive behaviour in intimate relationships whereby the behaviour is controlled through humiliation, intimidation, fear, and often intentional physical, emotional or sexual injury. Domestic violence crosses all ethnic, socioeconomic and age groups, and is also prevalent in same sex relationships.Over six million children are severely assaulted by family members every year in the United States; a man beats a woman every twelve seconds; women who leave their batterer are at 75% greater risk of being killed by their batterer than those who stay; and one third of police time is spending on answering domestic violence calls.In domestic violence situations the intervention is frequently in crisis, where the victims “fight” for survival, and it is necessary to give proper answers according to the victim's needs. The professionals that work directly with domestic violence assume that there is a strong bond connecting the domestic violence with mental health. In the United States 90% of domestic violence survivors report extreme emotional distress; 47.5% report having been diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder; 14.7% report anxiety; 20% depression. Mental illnesses are frequently observed in domestic violence survivors.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Scott, Katie. "Adverse childhood experiences." InnovAiT: Education and inspiration for general practice 14, no. 1 (October 22, 2020): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1755738020964498.

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Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are events during childhood that are stressful and may impact upon mental and physical health having effects in childhood and future adulthood. Examples of ACEs include abuse (physical, emotional, sexual); neglect; living in a household with domestic violence, substance or alcohol misuse, or criminal behaviour; or living with a caregiver with mental illness. A history of ACEs is not routinely sought in UK healthcare. As a result opportunities to prevent and modify the negative effects of adverse childhood events are missed.

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Sharma, R., P. Thapa, P. K. Chakrabortty, J. B. Khattri, and K. Ramesh. "Depression In Pregnancy: Prevalence And Clinical Correlates." Journal of Psychiatrists' Association of Nepal 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v8i2.28022.

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Introduction: Pregnancy increases the risk of various psychiatric illness including depression. Such illness can result in prematurity, low birth weight and mother-child bonding. Depression is more common in women who have had negative experiences in previous pregnancies, have prior history of psychiatric disorder or are experiencing stressful life events. Unfortunately, psychiatric disorders among pregnant women are still undiagnosed and untreated, especially in developing country like Nepal. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence and correlates of depression in pregnancy. Material and Method: A cross-sectional, hospital based, descriptive study was conducted among 135 pregnant women attending Manipal Teaching Hospital’s antenatal clinic. Sociodemographic data and relevant clinical variables were collected using a predesigned proforma after obtaining informed written consent. The subjects were interviewed with Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI). For the assessment of correlates, regression analysis was carried out. All statistical analyses were done using SPSS v 20.0. P values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The prevalence of depression was 13.3 % according to BDI with additional 19% fulfilling criteria of mild mood disturbance. Factors such as history of sub fertility, pregnancy-induced illness and presence of domestic violence were found to be statistically significant predictors of depression during pregnancy. Conclusion: Depression can occur frequently among pregnant women. Certain factors can be identified, which further increase the risk of such mental illnesses. Thus, pregnant women who are at high risk such as with pregnancy induced illness, have history of sub fertility, exposed to domestic violence etc., must be identified and diagnosed so that they can be treated timely.

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BENBOW, SUSAN MARY, SARMISHTHA BHATTACHARYYA, and PAUL KINGSTON. "Older adults and violence: an analysis of Domestic Homicide Reviews in England involving adults over 60 years of age." Ageing and Society 39, no. 06 (January 11, 2018): 1097–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x17001386.

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ABSTRACTDomestic Homicide Reviews (DHRs) are conducted when an individual aged 16 or over appears to have died from violence, abuse or neglect by a person to whom they are related or with whom they are in an intimate relationship or who is a member of the same household. DHRs aim to identify lessons to be learned, to improve service responses to domestic abuse and to contribute to prevention of domestic abuse/homicide. We submitted Freedom of Information requests to English Local Authorities to identify DHRs where victim, perpetrator or both were aged over 60. Collected Reports and/or Executive Summaries were thematically analysed. Analysis identified four key themes in the context of the key relationship and caring: major mental illness of the perpetrator; drug and/or alcohol abuse; financial issues; and a history of domestic abuse in key or family relationships. We analysed 14 adult family homicides, 16 intimate partner homicides and five homicide–suicides. Age per se did not emerge as a significant factor in our analysis. Terminology needs to be standardised, and training/education regarding risk assessment needs to be improved in relation to age, myths around ageing/dementia and stresses of caring. Management of mental illness is a key factor. A central repository of DHR Reports accessible for research and subject to regular review would contribute to maximising learning and improving practice.

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Souza, Anna Paula Lima de, MARGARET OLINDA DE SOUZA CARVALHO E LIRA, Maria de Fátima Alves Aguiar Carvalho, Michelle Christini Araújo Vieira, Fernando Vitor Alves Campos, Kalliny Mirella Gonçalves Barbosa, and Thaysa Maria Vieira Justino. "Imagem corporal de mulheres que sofreram violência física." Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 12, no. 9 (September 8, 2018): 2276. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963-v12i9a236462p2276-2282-2018.

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RESUMO Objetivo: compreender as repercussões da violência física na imagem corporal da mulher. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório desenvolvido com cinco mulheres acompanhadas pelo Centro de Atenção à Mulher em situação de violência. Os dados foram produzidos a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas e analisados pela técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Resultados: dos discursos, emergiram quatro Ideias Centrais Síntese - Repercussões da violência na imagem corporal da mulher; Associação do local da lesão e imagem corporal; Adoecimento físico e Adoecimento mental. Conclusão: a violência física sofrida por parceiro íntimo afetou a autoimagem e desencadeou o adoecimento físico e emocional das participantes, sendo necessário, às equipes interprofissionais no atendimento à mulher que sofreu violência física, um olhar sensível e solidário no planejamento e na execução do cuidado de forma a não se limitar ao tratamento das lesões físicas. Descritores: Violência Contra a Mulher; Violência por Parceiro Íntimo; Ferimentos e Lesões; Imagem Corporal; Autoimagem; Violência Doméstica.ABSTRACTObjective: to understand the repercussions of physical violence on women's body image. Method: qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study developed with five women accompanied by the Center for Women 's Attention in a situation of violence. The data were produced from semi-structured interviews and analyzed by the Collective Subject Discourse technique. Results: from the discourses, four Central Ideas Synthesis emerged - Repercussions of violence in the body image of the woman; Association of lesion site and body image; Physical dehydration and Mental exhaustion. Conclusion: the physical violence suffered by an intimate partner affected the self-image and triggered the physical and emotional illness of the participants, being necessary, the interprofessional teams in the care of the woman who suffered physical violence, a sensitive and supportive look in the planning and execution of the care of not be limited to the treatment of physical injuries. Descriptors: Violence Against Women; Intimate Partner Violence; Injury and Injury; Body image; Self-image; Domestic violence. Descriptors: Violence Against Women; Intimate Partner Violence; Wounds and Injuries; Body Image; Self Concept; Domestic Violence.RESUMENObjetivo: comprender las repercusiones de la violencia física en la imagen corporal de la mujer. Método: estudio cualitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio, desarrollado con cinco mujeres acompañadas por el Centro de Atención a la Mujer en situación de violencia. Los datos fueron producidos a partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas y analizados por la técnica del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. Resultados: de los discursos surgieron cuatro Ideas Centrales Síntesis - Repercusiones de la violencia en la imagen corporal de la mujer; Asociación del lugar de la lesión e imagen corporal; Enfermedad física y Enfermedad mental. Conclusión: la violencia física sufrida por un socio íntimo afectó la autoimagen y desencadenó enfermedad física y emocional de las participantes, siendo necesario, a los equipos interprofesionales en la atención a la mujer que sufrió violencia física, una mirada sensible y solidaria en la planificación y en la ejecución del cuidado de forma que no se limita al tratamiento de las lesiones físicas. Descriptores: Violencia Contra la Mujer; Violencia de Pareja; Heridas y Lesiones; Imagen Corporal; Autoimagen; Violencia Doméstica.

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Akmalovna, Akramova Feruza, Tovbayeva Mukaddam Safarovna, and Ummatova Sitora Shakatulloyevna. "Violence In The Family And The Need For Psychoprophylactic Measures." American Journal of Applied Sciences 03, no. 02 (February 22, 2021): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajas/volume03issue02-06.

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The family is the priority of any state that is interested in preserving its people, strengthening its international status and all socio-cultural institutions. Family and marriage themes within the framework of the humanities are explained not only by the expansion of the problems and objects of these sciences, but also by the need to strengthen the family as the foundation of society. Without the support of the family, many social problems cannot be resolved: the upbringing of the future generation, the transmission of life values, the fight against crime, despotism, mental illness. Domestic violence is a serious social problem that poses a direct threat to life for every person and society [7]. Violence in general, and family violence in particular, is not only an attempt on life and health, but also a violation of the constitutional right of a person to protect his dignity. This problem is the object of scientific research in sociology, psychology, jurisprudence and other disciplines. Observations have shown a decline in the prestige of family values, an increase in the number of divorces, a decrease in the birth rate, an increase in the number of dysfunctional and so-called problem families, etc. The article provides a psychological classification of families that differ in their characteristics and family relationships. The results of a survey conducted among specialists working with families are analyzed, with the help of which the consequences of negative attitudes, domestic violence are revealed and indicators of various types of violence are compiled. This article reveals not only the types of violence, but also the factors affecting family relationships. The results of the study carried out among members of young families and the psychological analysis of the results obtained are presented. The necessary recommendations for the prevention of domestic violence and measures to strengthen the family were given.

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Skar, Ane-Marthe Solheim, Tine K. Jensen, and Anna Naterstad Harpviken. "Who Reports What? A Comparison of Child and Caregivers´ Reports of Child Trauma Exposure and Associations to Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms and Functional Impairment in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Clinics." Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology 49, no. 7 (February 24, 2021): 919–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10802-021-00788-y.

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AbstractIdentifying trauma-related symptoms is important for treatment planning at child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS), and routine trauma screening may be a first step to ensure appropriate treatment. Studies with community samples have found modest agreement between children’s and caregivers´ report of exposure to potentially traumatizing events (PTEs). However, studies from clinical populations are scarce and the evidence base for screening recommendations is insufficient. The current study explores child and caregiver agreement on the child’s exposure to PTEs and its relationship with the child’s post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and functional impairment. The sample consist of 6653 caregiver-child dyads referred to Norwegian CAMHS between 2012–2017. The children were 6 to 18 years of age (M = 12.03, SD = 3.14) and 47% were boys and 45% were girls (8% missing). Children reported significantly more exposure to accidents or illness, community violence, and sexual abuse than their caregiver, but there were no differences for reports of domestic violence. Kappa results were fair to moderate, with the highest agreement rate for reports of sexual abuse, followed by domestic violence, community violence, and lowest agreement for accidents or illnesses. There were higher agreement rates among caregivers and older children, and caregivers and girls. In general, the child had higher PTSS and functional impairment scores when child exposure to PTEs were reported by both the caregiver and the child. Both children and caregivers should be included in trauma screening procedures at CAMHS to collect a more complete picture of the child’s experiences and treatment needs.

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Meaux, Lauren T., Stephanie C. Doran, and Jennifer M. Cox. "Aberration of mind or soul: the role of media in perceptions of mass violence." Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research 12, no. 4 (November 26, 2020): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jacpr-07-2020-0526.

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Purpose Unconscious biases against certain groups aid in forming assumptions which may be promulgated in the USA via popular news media linking rare but memorable violent acts with specific groups. However, the relationship between marginalized group association, assumptions regarding the motive for violent acts and individual media consumption has never been directly examined. This study aims to directly examine this relationship. Design/methodology/approach In the present study, individuals read a vignette of a mass shooting in which the perpetrator’s implied religion (i.e. Islam or unknown religion) was manipulated. Participants then indicated their assumptions regarding motive (i.e. terrorism or mental illness) and personal media consumption habits. Findings Contrary to hypotheses, differences in assumed motive based on implied religion were not found; participants were not more likely to associate an assumed Muslim perpetrator with terrorism as a motive or consider the assumed non-Muslim perpetrator to be mentally ill. Originality/value These unexpected findings are discussed in the context of the data-collection period, which coincidentally overlapped with a well-publicized act of domestic terrorism that led to a unique national debate regarding biased news coverage and associations between religion, ethnicity, terrorism and mental illness.

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Weisz, Bradley M., Diane M. Quinn, and Michelle K. Williams. "Out and healthy: Being more “out” about a concealable stigmatized identity may boost the health benefits of social support." Journal of Health Psychology 21, no. 12 (July 11, 2016): 2934–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105315589392.

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This research examined whether the relationship between perceived social support and health would be moderated by level of outness for people living with different concealable stigmatized identities (mental illness, substance abuse, domestic violence, rape, or childhood abuse). A total of 394 people living with a concealable stigmatized identity completed a survey. Consistent with hypotheses, at high levels of outness, social support predicted better health; at low levels of outness, social support was less predictive of health. People concealing a stigmatized identity may only be able to reap the health benefits of social support if they are “out” about the stigmatized identity.

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Cavalcante-Nóbrega, Luciana Porto, Andrea Feijó Mello, Mariana Rangel Maciel, Giuliana Cláudia Cividanes, Victor Fossaluza, Jair Jesus Mari, and Marcelo Feijó Mello. "Quality of life of mothers whose children work on the streets of São Paulo, Brazil." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 31, no. 4 (April 2015): 827–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00032514.

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The present study evaluated the perceived quality of life of the mothers of street children and investigated the association with their history of childhood violence, the occurrence of current domestic violence, their current mental states and that of their children, and family functioning. The applied instruments were as follows: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, WorldSAFECore Questionnaire, Instrument for the Assessment of Quality of Life of the WHO, Global Assessment of Relational Functioning Scale, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and a socio-demographic questionnaire. The sample of convenience consisted of 79 low-income mothers who raised their children alone, and most of whom had a positive screening for mental illness. The multiple regression analysis showed that the perception of quality of life of these women was associated with the presence of psychopathology either in themselves or their children and family dysfunction. Thus any program aimed at improving the quality of life of such mothers should consider addressing their mental problems as well as those of their children, besides offering educational and psychotherapeutic approaches to these families to improve the social environment

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Egley, Lance C., and Adital Ben-Ari. "Making Tarasoff Practical for Various Treatment Populations." Journal of Psychiatry & Law 21, no. 4 (December 1993): 473–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009318539302100404.

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The authors demonstrate through collateral sources that the Tarasoff court may not have had accurate facts concerning what treatment issues were involved. Then they code the leading Tarasoff decisions from the 50 states to determine with which treatment issues and populations the higher courts dealt. While mental illness is the predominant treatment issue, half the cases involve domestic violence, and over one-third involve other crime. These three populations proved to be independent. Sex offenders are a distinct subpopulation whose mental health treatment is not clearly distinguishable from criminal justice goals. Drug and alcohol problems did not appear much more involved in Tarasoff decisions than in the general population. The diversity of populations treated by various professions means a single professional standard for Tarasoff is unlikely. An explicit standard more readily encompasses all treatment populations; however, populations entering treatment for violence are more sensitive to how the standard is defined than are populations entering treatment for other goals. Policymakers need to formulate policies that are practical when treating any of the three major independent treatment populations or sex offenders separately.

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Basu, Soumya, and Anton N. Isaacs. "Profile of transcultural patients in a regional Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service in Gippsland, Australia: The need for a multidimensional understanding of the complexities." International Journal of Social Psychiatry 65, no. 3 (March 18, 2019): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764019835264.

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Background: Several childhood stressors related to immigration have been documented, and it is important for clinicians to understand and address the various factors that may lead to or act as maintaining factors of mental disorders in children and adolescents. Aims: To describe the cultural profile of transcultural patients presenting to a Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service (CAMHS) in regional Victoria and identify the most common disorders and psychosocial stressors they presented with. Method: Descriptive analysis was applied to 101 case records of patients with a transcultural background who attended the CAMHS of Latrobe Regional Hospital in Gippsland Victoria from 2013 to 2017. The Adverse Childhood Experience questionnaire was retrospectively applied to capture psychosocial stressors such as ‘bullying’, ‘racism’ and ‘family conflict’, sexual abuse, physical violence, parents with mental illness and parental substance use. Results: Almost 60% of patients were male and over 46% Aboriginal. Those from a non-Aboriginal background belonged to 19 different cultural entities, the most common of which was a mixed Asian and European heritage. The most common diagnoses were disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (38.6%), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (32.7%) and developmental trauma disorder (26.7%). The most common psychosocial stressors were conflict and death in the family (44.6%), domestic violence (41.6%) and emotional abuse (34.7%). ‘Parent in jail’ and ‘domestic violence’ were associated with having an Aboriginal background ( p < .005). ‘Cultural differences with parent’ was associated with a non-Aboriginal background ( p < .005). Conclusion: This study provides a snapshot of challenges faced by children from different cultural backgrounds while adjusting in a rural area in Australia. A broad-based formulation and cultural awareness by clinicians can enable a better understanding of the complexities, guide management plans and inform public health policies for primary prevention and early intervention.

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Kelleher, Ian, Michelle Harley, Fionnuala Lynch, Louise Arseneault, Carol Fitzpatrick, and Mary Cannon. "Associations between childhood trauma, bullying and psychotic symptoms among a school-based adolescent sample." British Journal of Psychiatry 193, no. 5 (November 2008): 378–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.108.049536.

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BackgroundChildren and adolescents who report psychotic symptoms appear to be at increased risk for psychotic disorders in adulthood – a putative ‘symptomatic’ high-risk group. However, little research has investigated whether those in this high-risk population have increased rates of exposure to traumatic events in childhood, as seen in patients who have a psychotic illness.AimsTo examine whether adolescents with psychotic symptoms have an increased rate of traumatic experiences.MethodPsychiatric interviews were carried out with 211 adolescents aged between 12 and 15 years and their parents as part of a population-based study. The interview enquired about a number of early traumatic events including physical and sexual abuse, exposure to domestic violence and bullying.ResultsFourteen adolescents (6.6% of those interviewed) reported experiencing at least one psychotic symptom. Adolescents who reported psychotic symptoms were significantly more likely to have been physically abused in childhood, to have been exposed to domestic violence and to be identified as a bully/victim (that is, both a perpetrator and victim of bullying) than those who did not report such symptoms. These findings were not confounded by comorbid psychiatric illness or family history of psychiatric history.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that childhood trauma may increase the risk of psychotic experiences. The characteristics of bully/victims deserve further study.

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Sahraian, A., S. Bahreini, and A. Mani. "Spousal abuse in married women with suicidal attempt in Shiraz, Iran." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): s274—s275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.730.

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IntroductionEpidemiological studies revealed that 21 to 34 percent of women around the world have been victim of physical assault by their spouse and spouse abuse have been more prevalent in developing countries.ObjectivesThe most common form of violence against women is spousal abuse which is a dangerous factor and leads to serious psychological damages while it is one of the most important causes of suicide in married women.AimsThe study of factors related to spousal abuse in the population where they attempt to suicide is important for recognizing it and preventing spousal abuse, consequently, preventing suicide.MethodsThe study was conducted cross-sectional on 360 married women who attempted suicide and referred to Shoshtari Hospital in Shiraz. Instruments for data collection comprised of about spousal abuse questionnaire and demographic cases questionnaire which were filled through interview.ResultsA total of 43.9% of domestic violence prevalence, 61.7% of economic violence, 45.3% of psychological violence, 38.1% of social violence, 38.1% physical violence, 35.9% of sexual violence was reported. There was a relation between spousal abuse and some factors such as: age difference between spouses, wife and husband's education, husband's substance abuse, husband's medical illness, wife's psychiatry disorder, spouses’ obligatory marriage, polygamy and husband's job.ConclusionsConsidering relatively high prevalence of spousal abuse in people who attempted suicide and the relation between some demographic factors with violence, besides regarding spousal abuse as one causes of suicide, the women's screening, particularly those who attempt suicide in regard to spousal abuse and its related factors seems necessary.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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El Missiry, Ahmed, Marwa Abd El Meguid, Ahmed Abourayah, Marwa El Missiry, Mohamed Hossam, Hussien Elkholy, and Afaf H. Khalil. "Rates and profile of victimization in a sample of Egyptian patients with major mental illness." International Journal of Social Psychiatry 65, no. 3 (March 8, 2019): 183–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764019831315.

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Background: Patients with major mental illness have an increased risk of victimization. Nevertheless, this topic was not thoroughly studied in Egyptian patients with major mental illness. Objectives: The objectives of this study are to investigate the rates of victimization and understand its profile, psycho-demographic and clinical correlates among a sample of Egyptian patients with major mental illness. Participants and Methods: A total of 300 patients (100 patients with schizophrenia, 100 with bipolar and 100 with major depression) were recruited from the inpatient wards and outpatient clinics at Ain Shams University. They were subjected to a demographic questionnaire, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), Clinical Global Impression (CGI) and a Victimization Questionnaire (VQ). Results: In our study population, 130 (43.3%) of patients were victimized, of them 52 (40%) were diagnosed with major depressive disorder, 48 (36.9%) with bipolar disorder and 30 (23.1%) with schizophrenia. Victimization was more in female, married, unemployed individuals and those living in rural areas. Patients exposed to domestic violence or abuse during childhood had higher rates of victimization. All victimized patients were subjected to emotional victimization, 64.6% were physically victimized and 53.8% were subjected to miscellaneous types of victimization. Patients were victimized mainly by acquaintance followed by family members. The majority of patients did not report their victimization and considered it as a personal issue or not important enough to be reported. Conclusion: Patients with major mental illness are susceptible to significant victimization. Clinicians should explore possible history of abuse or victimization in their patients, empower and support the victimized ones.

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Adamu, Addishiwet Fantahun, and Yohannes Mehretie Adinew. "Domestic Violence as a Risk Factor for Postpartum Depression Among Ethiopian Women: Facility Based Study." Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health 14, no. 1 (May 23, 2018): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1745017901814010109.

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Background:Mental illness in women leads to an increased maternal morbidity and mortality. Postpartum depression accommodates various groups of depressive disorders and syndromes that occur within the first immediate year after delivery. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of postpartum depression symptoms and correlates among mothers attending public health centers of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Methods:Facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 618 women in their postpartum period. Simple random sampling technique was used to select three out of ten sub cities in Addis Ababa. Then, nine health centers were selected by lottery method from the three sub-cities. The number of women included from each health center was determined by proportional allocation. Study participants were enrolled by systematic random sampling. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used at a cutoff point>13 to detect depression. Descriptive statistics were done. The bivariate and multivariate analysis was also carried out to identify predictors of postpartum depression.Results:Significant proportion 144 (23.3%) of the women had the symptom of postpartum depression. Respondents who were the victims of domestic violence [AOR 3.1; 95% CI: 1.6-5.9], reported to have diagnosed with postpartum depression [AOR 4.41; 95% CI: 2.4-8.3], and dissatisfied with their marriage [AOR 2.9; 95% CI: 1.5-5.6] had higher odds of reporting postpartum depression symptoms.Conclusion:Postpartum depression is a common mental health problem during the postnatal period. Domestic violence was positively and significantly associated with the symptom of postpartum depression. Maternity services shall consider a sector that provides health care for women who encounter violence and develop symptoms of postpartum depression.

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Ahmed, Helal Uddin, AFM Helal Uddin, Md Nazmul Islam, M. Abdur Rahim Khan, Hossien Muhammad Zaki, Tanjina Hossain, Chiranjeeb Biswas, and Md Golam Rabbani. "Pattern of psychiatric morbidity among female patients who attended private consultation chambers in Dhaka city." Bangladesh Medical Journal 45, no. 1 (July 30, 2016): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v45i1.28959.

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Mental illness affect women and men differently - some disorders are more common in women; some are manifested with different symptoms. In Bangladesh, 16.1% of the adult populations suffer from some degree of mental disorder and the prevalence is higher in women than men (19.0% vs 12.9%). This study is a cross sectional study, done on female patients who attended at private chambers of psychiatrists located within Dhaka city of Bangladesh. Total sample size is 280 and duration of the study was six months from May 2014 to October 2014. The major objective of the study was to determine the pattern of psychiatric illness among the women who attended some psychiatrists private chamber in Dhaka city and also to identify the socio-economic and environmental stressors causing psychiatric illness. The findings revealed that highest numbers of the patients (41%) belonged to the age group between 21-30 years and the second largest group having 31-40 years of age (21%). Most patients hailed from urban area (79%) and among all the patients most of them were married (58%). There are various psycho-social stressors which can be held responsible for causing psychiatric illness - domestic violence, marital breakdown and co-morbid physical illness. Among the several pattern of mental diseases, depressive disorder was the commonest (17.7%), followed by somatoform disorder (14%) and schizophrenia (13.3%). Among all the patients, substance abuse was found in 4.2% of patients. This study finally argues that for reduction of psychiatric morbidity among female patients, medical services must be extended to the community level.Bangladesh Med J. 2016 Jan; 45 (1): 14-19

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Cherry, Andrew L., Mary E. Dillon, Chan M. Hellman, and L. D. Barney. "The AC-COD Screen: Rapid Detection of People with the Co-Occurring Disorders of Substance Abuse, Mental Illness, Domestic Violence, and Trauma." Journal of Dual Diagnosis 4, no. 1 (January 17, 2008): 35–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j374v04n01_03.

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Baglivio, Michael T., Kevin T. Wolff, Nathan Epps, and Randy Nelson. "Predicting Adverse Childhood Experiences." Crime & Delinquency 63, no. 2 (July 9, 2016): 166–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128715570628.

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Few studies have examined multilevel effects of neighborhood context on childhood maltreatment. Less work has analyzed these effects with juvenile offenders, and no prior work has examined context effects of childhood maltreatment through the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) framework. ACEs include 10 indictors: emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional neglect, physical neglect, domestic violence toward the youth’s mother, household substance abuse, household mental illness, parental separation/divorce, and household member with a history of jail/imprisonment. Effects of concentrated disadvantage and affluence on ACE scores are examined in a statewide sample of more than 59,000 juvenile offenders, controlling for salient individual (including family and parenting) measures and demographics. Both disadvantage and affluence affect ACE exposure. Implications for research and policy are discussed.

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M. Lancaster, Monica, and David P. Thow. "Care Coordination: A Case Study Linking Primary Health Care." Australian Journal of Primary Health 7, no. 1 (2001): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py01013.

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The purpose of this project is to demonstrate, through a case study, how York Community Services (YCS) is a leader in the delivery of primary health care through its integration of health, legal and social services. YCS is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. YCS's mandate is to serve populations that have traditionally been on the margins of society and therefore have had difficulty accessing the health care system. These include victims of domestic violence, the isolated senior, those with severe mental illness and children living in poverty. Care coordination is a unique model developed by YCS whose main goal is to provide a forum for the client's providers to meet, discuss and coordinate relevant information. Care coordination is used to maintain continuity of care among providers.

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Ibishi, N., and N. R. Musliu. "Prevalence of violent committed acts by inpatients in forensic setting department of psychiatry -in kosova." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72487-7.

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The aimIn this study we evaluated the prevalence of committed acts in the group of male inpatients in forensic setting with major mental disorder and past history of aggressive behavior in community.MethodologyIn the study we included 80 male inpatients, 41 of them have meet DSM-IV criteria for Personality Disorder, 28 were psychotic, 11 were Drug/alcohol abusers. Past aggressive history was collected from patient interviews and reviews of clinicalforensic records and collateral source of documents.ResultsThe inpatients were adults with mean age 35,22±10,50 in Schizophrenia spectrum disorders group and the mean duration of the illness was 11,7±9,48, Personality disorders group with mean age 31,35±9,85 and mean duration of illness 10,70±8,34, Drug/alcohol abusers with mean age 19,1±8,6 and mean duration of illness 4,5±2,6.Personality disorder and Drug/alcohol abuser group of inpatients offenders were more prevalent on homicide acts 40%, and threatening 35%, while Schizophrenia spectrum disorder inpatients were more prevalent in domestic violence 49,2%, threatening acts committing with 33,3% and homicide prevalence 7,9%.ConclusionThe studies until now showed that the prevalence of Schizophrenia in the homicide offenders is around 6%. Despite this, the prevalence of Personality disorder or of Drug/alcohol abuse is higher: 10% to 38% respectively. Our results showed the same results with prevalence of Schizophrenia spectrum disorder in homicide with 7,9%, and respectively Personality disorder with homicide prevalence 40%.

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Van Deinse, Tonya B., Amy Blank Wilson, Rebecca J. Macy, and Gary S. Cuddeback. "Intimate Partner Violence and Women with Severe Mental Illnesses: Needs and Challenges from the Perspectives of Behavioral Health and Domestic Violence Service Providers." Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research 46, no. 2 (May 22, 2018): 283–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11414-018-9624-9.

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F. Anderson, James, Kellie Reinsmith-Jones, Tazinski Lee, and Adam H. Langsam. "A Tri-state Investigation of Firearms Confiscation on Three Regional University Campuses." International Journal of Social Science Studies 7, no. 5 (August 13, 2019): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v7i5.4448.

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While the use of firearms is pronounced throughout the US, there are few studies that address the availability of firearms on university campuses in states that are adjacent to each other. This study uses a five-year longitudinal design to investigate three universities that were randomly selected in the neighboring states of North Carolina, Virginia, and South Carolina to examine the extent of firearm confiscation by public safety officers. In the final analysis, we conclude that unless viable strategies that target preventing firearms used in domestic violence, alleviating access to guns, and addressing mental health illnesses among college students are created to effectively confiscate firearms on university campuses, deadly violence could become an inevitable occurrence.

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Fuller-Thomson, Esme, Samara Z. Carroll, and Wook Yang. "Suicide Attempts Among Individuals With Specific Learning Disorders: An Underrecognized Issue." Journal of Learning Disabilities 51, no. 3 (June 21, 2017): 283–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022219417714776.

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Several studies have linked specific learning disorders (SLDs) with suicidal ideation, but less is known about the disorders’ association with suicide attempts. This gap in the literature is addressed via the 2012 nationally representative Canadian Community Health Survey ( n = 21,744). The prevalence of lifetime suicide attempts among those with an SLD was much higher than those without (11.1% vs. 2.7%, p < .001). In comparison with their peers without SLDs, adults with SLDs had 46% higher odds of having ever attempted suicide, even after adjusting for most known risk factors (e.g., childhood adversities, history of mental illness and substance abuse, sociodemographics; odds ratio = 1.46, 95% CI [1.05, 2.04]). The largest attenuation in the association between SLD and suicidal attempts was accounted for by adverse childhood experiences. Among those with SLDs ( n = 745), a history of witnessing chronic parental domestic violence and ever having had a major depressive disorder were associated with substantially higher odds of suicide attempts.

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Holdem, Lynne. "Psychotherapy for Parents with Trauma and Attachment Difficulties." Ata: Journal of Psychotherapy Aotearoa New Zealand 21, no. 1 (December 31, 2017): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.9791/ajpanz.2017.04.

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This paper describes the arousal of therapist concern regarding the well-being of children in families where there is parental mental illness and domestic violence; a vignette demonstrates how this is understood by the therapist and processed in the therapeutic relationship. The consequent development of a small pilot to provide psycho-education and peer support to caregivers and children with parents who have mental illness in a group setting is described. Reflections are then given, following from the evaluation of this group, on the need for public funded, attachment informed, family focused therapeutic interventions for caregivers with infants, children and young people who are deemed at risk because of insecure or disorganised attachment or behavioural difficulties. Whakarāpopotonga E whakaahua ana tēnei pepa i te whakaohonga ake o te mānukanuka o ngā kaihaumanu e pā ana ki te hauora o ngā tamariki e pāngia ana te matua whāea rānei i te mate hinengaro me te whakarekereke-ā-whare; he whakaaturanga tā tētahi pito i tā te kaihaumanu arotau me te tukanga i roto i te here haumanu. Ka whakaahuatia te whanaketanga i ara ake mai i tētahi maramara whakamātautau ki te whakarato mātauranga-hinegaro, pou aropā hoki ki ngā kaiāwhina me ngā tamariki whai mātua mate hinengaro i roto rōpū. Ka whakaputahia ake ngā tirohanga i muri mai i te arotakenga o tēnei rōpū, mō te whai pūtea matawhānui, mātauranga here, haumanu takawaenga arotahi whānau mō ngā kaiāwhina whiwhi kōhunganga, mō ngā tamariki me ngā taiohi e whakaarohia ana kei te whakamōrea nā te here kaumingomingo here tītengi rānei, te whanoke rānei.

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Fuller-Thomson, Esme, and Senyo Agbeyaka. "A Trio of Risk Factors for Childhood Sexual Abuse: Investigating Exposure to Parental Domestic Violence, Parental Addiction, and Parental Mental Illness as Correlates of Childhood Sexual Abuse." Social Work 65, no. 3 (July 1, 2020): 266–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sw/swaa019.

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Abstract Targeted screening for sexual abuse is needed for social workers to accurately identify those at risk. Drawing on a cumulative disadvantage framework, this study investigates how parental addictions, parental mental illness, and exposure to domestic violence, both individually and cumulatively, are associated with childhood sexual abuse (CSA). Two waves of regionally representative data were analyzed. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were conducted using the 2010 Brief Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS) (n = 9,241 men, n = 13,627 women) and replicated using the 2012 BRFSS (n = 11,656 men, n = 18,145 women). The 2010 data indicated that 8.5 percent of men who had endured all three childhood adversities reported that they had experienced CSA, compared with 0.6 percent of men who did not experience any of these adversities. Levels of CSA for women in 2010 were 28.7 percent for those experiencing all three risk indicators, and 2.1 percent for women with no risk indicators. Results were similar in the BRFSS 2012. Those with two or more risk factors had between five- and eightfold higher odds of CSA. Social workers may be able to decrease false positives if they screen for CSA based on the presence of two or more risk factors.

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Husain, M., I. B. Chaudhry, Q. Saeed, S. Khan, Q. Hassan, and N. Husain. "Social Stress and Depression During Pregnancy in Women of a Low Income Country." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70855-7.

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There has been considerable research on postnatal depression (PND), in comparison to antenatal depression (AND). We aimed to study the Prevalence of AND, testing the following hypotheses:a.Depressed pregnant women will have more negative life events than non depressed women.b.Depressed women will have less social support than non-depressed women.Methods:Using a cross sectional study design 1366/1401 women in their 3rd trimester of pregnancy were screened for depression using the Self-Rating Questionnaire (SRQ) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). These instruments are validated, available in Urdu and have been used in the pre and postnatal period in Pakistan. The life events checklist was used to measure social stress and the Brief Disability Questionnaire (BDQ) for disability.Results:342 women scored ≥ 12 on the EPDS giving an estimated AND prevalence of 25.6 %. The EPDS and SRQ scores showed a high positive correlation. A significantly higher percentage of depressed women experienced problems in marital relations, work, finances, housing and domestic violence. Depressed women had higher disability scores. 32% of the depressed and 14% of non depressed were unable to perform usual daily activities. 35% of depressed women stayed in bed due to illness as compared to only 16 % of non-depressed.Conclusion:This study confirms a high prevalence of AND in less educated women, experiencing a large number of social difficulties.

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Tsantefski, Menka, Alun C. Jackson, and Cathy Humphreys. "A delicate balance: intervention with mothers with dual diagnosis and their infants." Advances in Dual Diagnosis 8, no. 2 (May 18, 2015): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/add-09-2014-0027.

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Purpose – Women with mental illness, substance-dependence or dual diagnosis are at increased risk of losing care of their children which leads to poorer outcomes for mothers. The purpose of this paper is to explore the service response to substance-dependent mothers, many of whom had a dual diagnosis, and reports outcomes for their infants from the perinatal period to the end of each infant's first year. Design/methodology/approach – This was a longitudinal case study of 20 women substance-dependent women and their associated care. Semi-structured interviews were held with mothers recruited from a specialist alcohol and other drug obstetric service at infant age six weeks, six and 12 months. Structured interviews were also held with counsellors from the obstetric service at infant age six weeks. Child protection (CP) workers were interviewed at infant age six weeks, six and 12 months regarding mothers involved with the service. Findings – By 12-month follow-up, CP services had been involved with 14 mothers and eight had lost the legal care of their infant. Mothers who retained legal care were more likely to have addressed their drug use and less likely to be in a domestically violent relationship. Domestic violence, homelessness and maternal recidivism to crime tipped the scales in favour of protection of the infant through removal from maternal care, essentially leaving mothers with minimal support for reunification and reduced incentive for treatment. Research limitations/implications – Reliance on mothers’ self-reports was a limitation of the study. The small sample size restricts generalisability of findings. Practical implications – Key workers should engage women (and their partners) during the perinatal period to provide support, advocacy and case-management to enable substance-dependent mothers to safely parent. Originality/value – This is one of few studies to report long-term outcomes for mother/infant dyads when substance-dependence and/or mental health are present that allows women to speak for themselves. The prospective design provides a contemporaneous account of events as they unfolded in situ.

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Gander, Sarah, Sarah Campbell, and Kathryn Flood. "119 Disrupting the cycle of adverse childhood experiences by supporting mothers with addiction." Paediatrics & Child Health 25, Supplement_2 (August 2020): e49-e49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxaa068.118.

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Abstract Introduction/Background Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), including exposure to neglect, abuse and household dysfunction, have been linked to a higher risk of addiction and mental illness. As these children grow up and start families of their own, their children are at higher risk for ACEs. Evidence has shown that interventions targeting high-risk families with young children are most effective at disrupting these cyclic mechanisms, especially where maternal addiction is present. Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the predominance of generational addiction in a cohort of families impacted by maternal addiction, and to identify the potential risks that are present for the current generation of children, in terms of ACEs. Design/Methods The Addiction Severity Index (ASI) was administered to women who experienced alcohol- or substance-use disorder during pregnancy. Participants were asked about their family’s history of addiction and if anyone in a given category (i.e. maternal grandmother, mother’s brother) has been affected by either alcohol- or substance-use disorder. Furthermore, existing conditions that are risk factors for ACEs in the current generation were identified (i.e. addiction, incarceration of a family member, domestic violence, mental illness). Results Many participants reported that at least one of their maternal (68.9%) or fraternal (42.2%) grandparent was impacted by addiction. The subsequent generation was similarly impacted with most participants reporting the presence of addiction in their father and/or his siblings (88.9%) and their mother and/or her siblings (86.7%) Participants report that they experienced an average of seven ACEs (M = 7.13, SD = 2.501) before their 18th birthday. Of this cohort, 53.35% have been incarcerated at least once, 91.1% have been hit by a sexual partner, and 44.4% have been diagnosed with at least one mental health issue. All participants have personally experienced addiction. Conclusion The participants of this study are clients of the Parent-Child Assistance Program (PCAP), a three-year intervention that supports families impacted by maternal addiction. Given the results of the current study, it is evident that growing up in a home where addiction is present increases the risk of ACEs and future addiction and mental health issues. The PCAP intervention is designed to disrupt this cycle and help families to create a healthier family environment.

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Rusu, Roxana Elena, and Beatrice Gabriela Ioan. "Redefining The Doctor-Patient Relationship in the Era of Artificial Intelligence – Modern Medicine’s Dilemma." Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Bioethica 66, Special Issue (September 9, 2021): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbbioethica.2021.spiss.100.

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"Nowadays, the traditional relationship between doctors and patients is changed by the artificial intelligence (AI) and its involvement in the medical act – ranging from diagnosis to therapeutic recommendations or personalized treatment. The balance in this triangular relationship is hard to find especially in a digitalized world, in which patients have access to unfiltered information that may lead to inaccurate self-diagnosis. When it comes to the diverse background of a disease, only a doctor will be able to draw the right conclusion. It is hard to imagine that AI will soon be able to recognize problems such as domestic violence or mental illness. Ultimately, this means that AI is only a means to an end and the responsibility of any taken decision lies with the doctor. Doctors are more than decision making machines and the emotional intelligence cannot be replaced, but the advantages of using AI in the medical field are widely recognized and ultimately the goal is to ensure the best care for the patient. The purpose of this paper is to point out ethical aspects that rise from the involvement of AI in the doctor-patient relationship and to describe the new roles of the doctor and the patient in the era of AI. "

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Mustapha, S. Ben, W. Homri, and R. Labbane. "Bipolar disorder and substance use disorders in a Tunisian sample." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S466. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.521.

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AimsDescribe the sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients suffering from bipolar disorder and substance use disorders comorbidity and assess the consequences of this comorbidity on prognosis and evolution of bipolar disorder,MethodsA case-control study, 100 euthymic patients treated for bipolar disorder, recruited in the department of psychiatry C of Razi hospital. Two groups of 50 patients were individualized by the presence or not of substance use disorders comorbidity. The two groups were compared for sociodemographic, clinical, therapeutic and historical characteristics.ResultsCompared to bipolar patients without addictive comorbidity, those with this comorbidity had the following characteristics: we found more male, less family cohesion, more domestic violence, more criminal records, more time spent abroad, more personality disorders especially antisocial and borderline, fewer triggers of bipolar illness, more mood episodes, more psychotic features, higher impulsivity BIS-10 score, an increased need to put in a neuroleptic long term treatment, poor adherence to treatment, lower response to treatment, lower score of global assessment of functioning (GAF), more rapid cycles, shorter period of remission, longer duration of the last mood episode, poor socio-professional integration and poor quality of intervals between mood episodes.ConclusionsIt seems important to insist on the identification and the treatment of bipolar disorder or substance use disorders when one of them is diagnosed. This needs to set up urgently facilities and care structures for patients with substance use disorders and to create more addiction consultations.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Domestic violence and mental illness'

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