Relevant bibliographies by topics / Domestic wastewater treatment

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Domestic wastewater treatment'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Domestic wastewater treatment"

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Karpuzcu, Mehmet, Nurdan Baykuş, and Adem Yurtsever. "AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON TREATMENT OF DOMESTIC WASTEWATER BY NATURAL SOIL." e-Journal of New World Sciences Academy 15, no. 4 (October 31, 2020): 196–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.12739/nwsa.2020.15.4.1a0462.

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In recent centuries, issues such as efficient use of water resources, water quality and water supply have become important for many countries. Countries have focused on developing strategies that can protect water and using water in the most efficient way including treatment of wastewater. In addition, it has become important to provide sustainability of the natural treatment systems instead of complex and expensive wastewater treatment facilities that are rapidly developing. On the other hand, the researches on natural treatment of wastewater are still inadequate. Therefore, the feasibility and performance of new stragtegies about natural treatment systems should be developed and evaluated. For this purpose, a pilot facility was developed which utilizes a natural soil-column with different gradations in order to provide the treatment of domestic wastewater. In this way, not only the wastewater treatment performances of different soils but also some engineering properties of soils affected by wastewater filtration were examined. As a result of this research, it was found that soil filtration can be effective in the treatment of wastewater subjected to pre-sedimentation and can be affected by the pollutant load of the filtration environment.
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Seminskaya, O. O., M. N. Balakina, D. D. Kucheruk, and V. V. Goncharuk. "Microfiltration treatment of domestic wastewater." Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology 39, no. 4 (July 2017): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1063455x17040099.

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SAKURAI, Toshiro. "Special issue : domestic wastewater treatment symposium.Present state and problems of domestic wastewater treatment technology." Journal of Environmental Conservation Engineering 21, no. 10 (1992): 595–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5956/jriet.21.595.

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IMAI, Tsuyoshi, Masayuki FUKAGAWA, Masao UKITA, Masahiko SEKINE, and Takaya HIGUCHI. "Simultaneous treatment of garbage and domestic wastewater using an improved domestic wastewater treatment tank." Journal of Environmental Conservation Engineering 30, no. 10 (2001): 810–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5956/jriet.30.810.

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Kyriienko, P. G., O. V. Betin, and N. V. Kuznetsova. "Small sewage wastewater treatment plants for domestic wastewater." Environmental safety and natural resources 27, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2018.3.59-67.

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Faulwetter, J. L., M. D. Burr, A. B. Cunningham, F. M. Stewart, A. K. Camper, and O. R. Stein. "Floating treatment wetlands for domestic wastewater treatment." Water Science and Technology 64, no. 10 (November 1, 2011): 2089–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.576.

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Floating islands are a form of treatment wetland characterized by a mat of synthetic matrix at the water surface into which macrophytes can be planted and through which water passes. We evaluated two matrix materials for treating domestic wastewater, recycled plastic and recycled carpet fibers, for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrogen removal. These materials were compared to pea gravel or open water (control). Experiments were conducted in laboratory scale columns fed with synthetic wastewater containing COD, organic and inorganic nitrogen, and mineral salts. Columns were unplanted, naturally inoculated, and operated in batch mode with continuous recirculation and aeration. COD was efficiently removed in all systems examined (>90% removal). Ammonia was efficiently removed by nitrification. Removal of total dissolved N was ∼50% by day 28, by which time most remaining nitrogen was present as NO3-N. Complete removal of NO3-N by denitrification was accomplished by dosing columns with molasses. Microbial communities of interest were visualized with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) by targeting specific functional genes. Shifts in the denitrifying community were observed post-molasses addition, when nitrate levels decreased. The conditioning time for reliable nitrification was determined to be approximately three months. These results suggest that floating treatment wetlands are a viable alternative for domestic wastewater treatment.
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Koyuncu, Serdar, and Sema Arıman. "Domestic wastewater treatment by real-scale electrocoagulation process." Water Science and Technology 81, no. 4 (February 15, 2020): 656–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2020.128.

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Abstract In this study, domestic wastewaters originating from a settlement with a population of 17,500 were treated by electrocoagulation process in a real-scale EC plant and the economic applicability of the process was investigated. The removal efficiencies of control parameters in the influent and effluent of the real-scale treatment plant such as suspended solids (SS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and changes of pH and conductivity parameters were monitored for 12 months. The obtained data were evaluated according to European Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive, Turkish Water Pollution Control Regulation and Turkish Urban Wastewater Treatment Regulation. According to the results obtained, the removal efficiencies of the pollutant parameters were achieved in the range of 72–83% for SS, 67–80% for COD, 69–81% for BOD, 21–47% for TN and 27–46% for TP. Considering the Turkish wastewater discharge regulations, it can be concluded that the discharge standards for SS, COD and BOD parameters were achieved while they were not achieved in certain periods for TN and TP. In addition, the energy consumption and the operating cost of this real-scale plant were determined to be 0.49–0.54 kWh/m3 and 0.24–0.28 EUR/m3, respectively.
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Gnanadipathy, A., and C. Polprasert. "Treatment of a Domestic Wastewater with UASB Reactors." Water Science and Technology 27, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0047.

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This study investigated a feasibility of employing pilot-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors to treat a domestic (or relatively low-strength) wastewater. Four 30-1 UASB reactors, each with a 0.15-m inner diameter and 2-m height were used in this study which was conducted at an average ambient temperature of 30°C. Three reactors were inoculated with different types of seed sludge, namely: sludge from a facultative waste stabilization pond, anaerobically digested sludge and sludge from a UASB reactor treating a distillery wastewater. The fourth reactor was started without inoculum and was studied for possible self inoculation. Domestic wastewater was mixed with a stock glucose solution to increase the influent COD concentrations to about 600 mg/l. All four reactors were started with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h, and this HRT was later reduced to 12, 6 and 3 h, consecutively, corresponding to the organic loading rates (OLR) of 0.4-0.6, 0.9-1.4, 1.8-2.8 and 3.6-6.0 kg COD/(m3.d), respectively. At the highest OLR or shortest HRT, there was about 90% removal of the influent COD in Reactors 1-3 while the methane (CH4) production rate was found to be 150 N1/kg COD removed with a methane (CH4) content of 75%. Reactor 4, without inoculation, could not develop sufficient amount of biomass to withstand the high OLR and its performance deteriorated at the HRT of 3 and 6h. The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examinations of the sludge floc revealed the predominance of Methanothrix-like bacteria in all reactors. The experimental results obtained have suggested a technical feasibility of employing UASB reactors to treat domestic wastewaters. The facultative waste stabilization pond sludge and anaerobically digested sludge were found to be suitable inoculum sources for the UASB reactors treating this low-strength wastewater.
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Correia, Anabela, Alexandra Franco, Teresa Chambino, and Filomena Bartolomeu. "Aluminium Anodizing Waste as Coagulant for Domestic Wastewater." Materials Science Forum 587-588 (June 2008): 768–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.587-588.768.

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The use of Al mineral salts in wastewater treatment is a well known process and most common [1]. For a long time we have been studying the feasibility of the aluminium anodizing waste as coagulant. In previous works, we have tested anodizing sludges in the treatment of municipal wastewaters and of paint industry wastewater in batch processes [2]. In this study we have tested the use of the aluminium anodizing waste as coagulant for the treatment of municipal wastewaters in continuous processes. Different muds from nine different anodizing facilities were collected and prepared for use as coagulant. In addition, two mud mixtures were prepared to study the influence of the combination of different muds in the efficiency of the treatment. The tests were made, being controlled important parameters such as pH, turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD). We have verified that the coagulation process was effective for all the muds and mixtures tested. The formation of flocs that settle rapidly was visible and the Turbidity and COD reduction obtained has demonstrated the efficiency of the anodizing mud as coagulant. Aluminium anodizing plants generate a large quantity of wastes that are a burden to the industry. This works regards the reuse of anodizing sludges in wastewater treatment.
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Farooq, Shaukat, and Abdul Bari. "Physico‐chemical treatment of domestic wastewater." Environmental Technology Letters 7, no. 1-12 (January 1986): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593338609384394.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Domestic wastewater treatment"

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Malik, Murtaza. "In-sewer treatment of domestic wastewater." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/363.

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Urban sewerage systems, which are normally used for the transport of wastewater from its origin to a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), could be used as a treatment facility because (i) they contain heterotrophic bacteria capable of oxidising organic matter both suspended within the body of the flowing wastewater and attached to the surface of the wetted perimeter, and (ii) they provide retention times which are often comparable to those in a conventional activated sludge aeration tank and which, in some cases, may be equal to the hydraulic retention time in a WWTP. Using sewers as a treatment facility could be an economical method of alleviating the load on an existing WWTP or reducing the size of the proposed WWTP. The current study was undertaken to investigate the feasibility of using urban sewerage systems as suspended growth biological reactors for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The flow in a linear gravity sewer was simulated using a batch reactor fed with raw domestic wastewater. A comparison of simulated aerobic and anaerobic gravity transport indicated that aerobic treatment would be the most favoured method of in-sewer biological treatment. The soluble COD (SCOD) removal efficiencies over a retention period of 8 hours averaged 36 and 6% under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively, at an average temperature of 22°C. The corresponding total COD removal averaged 8 and 11%, respectively. When the effluent samples, taken from the batch reactors after a retention period of 6 hours, were settled in a bench-scale settling column for one hour, the average suspended solids removal under aerobic conditions was 29% greater than those under anaerobic conditions. Under aerobic conditions, the removal of soluble organic matter during simulated gravity transport was found to be strongly influenced by the strength of the incoming wastewater. To investigate the effect of wastewater influent soluble COD (SCOD 0) and influent suspended solids (SS ()) on in-sewer aerobic treatment, 27 individual wastewaters collected from the inlets to three wastewater treatment plants were subjected to batch tests at 20°C. The SCOD over a retention period of 8 hours at 20°C averaged 48, 40 and 61% for wastewaters having low SCODo and low SS 0, high SCOD0 and low SS 0, and high SCOD0 and high SSo, respectively . The corresponding soluble BOD5 removal efficiencies averaged 64, 59, and 81%. A statistical analysis of soluble COD data revealed that, over a retention period of one to three hours, the soluble COD removal is only significantly influenced by SSo. At higher retention periods, the soluble COD removal was found to be significantly affected by both SCOD 0 and SSo. Soluble COD removal was found to follow first-order kinetics with respect to time. The oxygen uptake rate of the individual wastewaters varied widely and did not appear to show any clear relation with the SCOD0 or SSo. An increase in the suspended biomass of the wastewater by the addition of activated sludge, at a concentration as low as 100 mg VSS/1, at the inlet of the simulated aerobic gravity sewer resulted in a significant increase in the removal of soluble organic matter. The soluble COD removal in the seeded wastewater was found to increase almost linearly with the increase in seed concentration in the range of 100-1000 mg/l. The effect of seed concentration on soluble COD removal however, appeared to diminish with the increase in retention time. SCOD removal in the seeded wastewater appeared to follow secondorder kinetics with respect to time. At an initial seed concentration of 100-1000 mg/1, the batch reactor's effluent after a retention period of 6 hours showed satisfactory settling characteristics. The oxygen uptake rate of the seeded wastewater did not show any specific trend over time at seed concentrations of 100 and 250 mg/1, while at higher seed concentrations it was similar to that observed in a typical plug flow activated sludge aeration tank. The results of the case study in which the wastewater collected from the inlet of the Greater Amman Siphon (GAS) was maintained aerobic in a batch reactor, showed that by maintaining aerobic conditions in the GAS, average SCUD and soluble BOD 5 removal efficiencies of 60 and 78%, respectively, could be achieved over 8 hours at an average temperature of 25°C. The average oxygen demand of the wastewater was estimated to be 30 mg/l.h. The result of the current study suggest a strong possibility of using urban sewerage systems as an aerobic biological reactor for the removal of soluble organic matter during transit.
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Pan, Xiaodi. "Radioisotopes in Domestic Wastewater and Their Fate in Wastewater Treatment." Digital WPI, 2016. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/1247.

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"Modern medical therapies involving radioisotopes provide radionuclide contamination in wastewater. These radioisotopes present in wastewater increase the possibility of human exposure to radiation. The objective of this work was to study the fate of radionuclides of medical sources in wastewater, and to determine the distribution of various radionuclides in different stages of wastewater treatment. Influent, return activated sludge and effluent samples were collected from four wastewater facilities in Massachusetts. Samples were collected approximately twice a month over 4 months. The radionuclides and their decay products were tested by inductively coupled plasma with mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and broad energy germanium detector analysis (BEGe). The samples were analyzed to determine the content and radioactivity of each target radionuclide and decay product for three treatment stages (influent, return activated sludge and effluent) from each facility at different sampling times. The results indicated that I-131 is the only radionuclide in wastewater, however many decay products were identified. Recommendations are put forward according to the testing results."
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Cansever, Beyhan Ülkü Semra. "Treatment of domestic wastewater with natural zeolites/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2004. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/kimyamuh/T000456.doc.

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Abubakar, Umar Alfa. "A technological model for low energy domestic wastewater treatment." Thesis, Abertay University, 2015. https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/51ee0b9e-808f-441e-8420-c2276cccbf48.

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This study evaluated the potential for efficient treatment of domestic wastewater, while satisfying energy efficiency requirements. Various treatment systems and the influences of their physical configurations and operational characteristics on wastewater treatment and energy efficiency were initially considered and evaluated. Review of literature identified high rate anaerobic systems as viable low energy systems for domestic wastewater treatment, with reported high removal of influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) and high net energy balance for the anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR). Low energy recovery is reported in literature as a limitation of anaerobic domestic wastewater treatment, and anaerobic domestic wastewater treatment systems have failed to meet effluent discharge standards, and post-treatment using aerobic processes have been recommended in order to ensure high effluent quality. Therefore, the ABR was selected as a feasible option that can be developed as the first stage of an anaerobic-aerobic low energy domestic wastewater treatment system. The literature review also identified the net energy consumption per cubic metre (m3) of treated wastewater during the treatment process as an energy efficiency evaluation criterion. Energy efficiency for domestic wastewater treatment facilities should be achieved if efficient treatment performance can be sustained at ambient temperature, instead of the fixed mesophilic temperature that is commonly adopted in anaerobic treatment processes. To identify an energy efficient design of the ABR in terms of hydraulic retention time and operational temperature, the performance efficiencies of ABR bench models were monitored at ambient temperature and 37oC at hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 48, 36, 24, 12 and 6 hours, which corresponded to organic loading rates (OLR) of 1.25, 1.67, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 kg COD/m3 day. 88.43, 90.00, 84.03, 77.01 and 59.35% of the influent COD (mean = 2479.50 mg/L) were removed at 48, 36, 24, 12 and 6 hour HRTs, respectively, in the 37oC bench reactor, while 70.16, 70.36 and 74.99% of the influent COD were removed at 48, 36 and 24 hour HRTs, respectively, in the ambient temperature bench reactor. Steady state performance, in the form of stable pH values, was not observed in the ambient temperature reactor at 12 hours HRT before the end of the bench experiments. Retention of influent total solids was observed to correlate to hydraulic retention time, with increase retention of total solids corresponding to increase in hydraulic retention time. Furthermore, observed total solids retention in the ambient temperature reactor were less than the total solids retention in the 37oC reactor. Anaerobic reduction of domestic wastewater sludge and the corresponding methane production were also evaluated using bio-chemical methane potential (BMP) batch assays at ambient temperature and compared to a fixed mesophilic temperature of 37oC. Low reduction of volatile solids was observed in the BMP assays, with 40% at ambient temperature compared to 56% at 37oC for primary sludge, and 22% at ambient temperature compared to 38% at 37oC for secondary sludge. Critical limitations of the anaerobic stage at ambient temperature were determined to be the biological reduction and conversion of the organic contaminants to soluble COD and volatile fatty acids (VFA). Also, achieving and maintaining steady state performance required a longer time period at ambient temperature than at 37oC, potentially due to the slow growth of the anaerobic microorganisms at ambient temperature. These limitations indicate the need for long (≥ 24 hours) retention periods for efficient operation at ambient temperature. The ABR bench models were evaluated for energy efficiency with the identified energy efficiency criteria, and the operational condition with the highest energy efficiency was determined to be 12 hours HRT at 37oC. Finally, design criteria for the anaerobic stage of the anaerobic-aerobic system were proproposed, along with a process model as a preliminary step for future process research.
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Cruddas, Peter. "Anaerobic ponds for domestic wastewater treatment in temperate climates." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2014. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9265.

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Energy demand, greenhouse gas emissions, and operational costs are continuing to rise year on year in the wastewater treatment sector, with traditional treatment options unable to provide sustainable solutions to increasing volumes and tightening quality standards. Current processes produce inherent fugitive greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, whilst also generating large quantities of sludge for disposal. Anaerobic ponds (APs) are natural wastewater treatment processes that have traditionally been confined to a pre-treatment stage of larger stabilisation pond systems. Consequently, current standard guidelines are not suited for low temperature, weak strength wastewaters, or for the emerging usage of APs for energy recovery and enhanced organic breakdown. To establish effective guidelines for adapting AP design for this purpose, this thesis explores the fundamental mechanisms with APs, in order to provide design alterations to enhance AP performance for full flow domestic wastewater treatment with a focus on the UK water sector. Initially, a literature review of current AP design guidelines was conducted to determine the current state of the art and understand the fundamental design processes currently adopted. The review found that most APs are currently underloaded, largely to avoid malodour emissions, but this leads to unnecessarily large footprints and inhibits the digestion process through restricting biomass/substrate contact. It was concluded that the current design guidelines are not suitable for recent AP developments and application, such as covering to prevent odour escape, and the use of baffling to improve mixing and enhance organic degradation. A pilot scale study was conducted on UK domestic wastewater to gain insight into the limitations of current AP design for this application and identify areas for optimisation. The pilot trial demonstrated the efficacy of AP usage for low temperature, weak strength wastewaters, even with unoptimised design. Decoupling hydraulic and solids retention time lead to biomass retention and subsequent acclimatisation, and was able to compensate for the low temperatures and weak wastewater. It was concluded that APs can provide an attractive alternative to current primary treatment options, through reducing GHG emissions and providing less frequent desludging requirements. To optimise AP design, the effect of baffle configuration on AP hydrodynamics and the subsequent impact on treatment efficiency was investigated, in order to develop structural designs specifically targeting enhanced anaerobic degradation. Advantages found in baffling APs included improving mixing patterns between baffles, enhancing biomass/substrate contact, and creating an overall plug flow effect through the entire pond enabling the retention of biomass. Furthermore, the removal mechanism with the pond can be manipulated with use of baffles, with different orientations generating different flow patterns and therefore creating conditions preferential for greater solids settlement and capture, or mixing and contact. Following trials on single stage alternate baffling configurations, the development of a novel two stage AP design was trialled, applying knowledge gained from trials of differing baffle orientations to target separate stages of organic breakdown. Further trials were conducted on the staged AP to establish optimal loading rates to be applied to APs in order to maximise performance and reduce physical footprint. These trials led to recommended design improvements including shorter hydraulic retention times (HRTs) to enhance mixing and decrease physical footprint, and improvements to the staged AP design to greater separate the stages of anaerobic digestion and provide optimal conditions for the stages at different points in the AP. Finally, the knowledge gained from experimental work was used to present evidence for the inclusion of APs into decentralised WWT through flowsheet modelling of a proposed AP treatment works compared to a current base case. Advantages were found in decreasing sludge management requirements whilst providing suitable primary treatment, with additional potential benefits in renewable energy generation, which could increase both with improved biogas yields and the option of combining with other renewable technologies. In some circumstances, it may be possible for an AP flowsheet to operate entirely off-grid, eliminating the need for costly infrastructure such as permanent access roads and national electrical grid connection.
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Norström, Anna. "Treatment of domestic wastewater using microbiological processes and hydroponics in Sweden." Doctoral thesis, KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-183.

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Conventional end-of-pipe solutions for wastewater treatment have been criticized from a sustainable view-point, in particular regarding recycling of nutrients. The integration of hydroponic cultivation into a wastewater treatment system has been proposed as an ecological alternative, where nutrients can be removed from the wastewater through plant uptake; however, cultivation of plants in a temperate climate, such as Sweden, implies that additional energy is needed during the colder and darker period. Thus, treatment capacity, additional energy usage and potential value of products are important aspects considering the applicability of hydroponic wastewater treatment in Sweden.

To enable the investigation of hydroponic wastewater treatment, a pilot plant was constructed in a greenhouse located at Överjärva gård, Solna, Sweden. The pilot plant consisted of several steps, including conventional biological processes, hydroponics, algal treatment and sand filters. The system treated around 0.56-0.85 m3 domestic wastewater from the Överjärva gård area per day. The experimental protocol, performed in an average of twice per week over a period of three years, included analysis and measurements of water quality and physical parameters. In addition, two studies were performed when daily samples were analysed during a period of two-three weeks. Furthermore, the removal of pathogens in the system, and the microbial composition in the first hydroponic tank were investigated.

Inflow concentrations were in an average of around 475 mg COD/L, 100 mg Tot-N/L and 12 mg Tot-P/L. The results show that 85-90% of COD was removed in the system. Complete nitrification was achieved in the hydroponic tanks. Denitrification, by means of pre-denitrification, occurred in the first anoxic tank. With a recycle ratio of 2.26, the achieved nitrogen removal in the system was around 72%. Approximately 4% of the removed amount of nitrogen was credited to plant uptake during the active growth period. Phosphorus was removed by adsorption in the anoxic tank and sand filters, natural chemical precipitation in the algal step induced by the high pH, and assimilation in plants, bacteria and algae. The main removal occurred in the algal step. In total, 47% of the amount of phosphorus was removed. Significant recycling of nitrogen and phosphorus through harvested biomass has not been shown. The indicators analysed for pathogen removal showed an achieved effluent quality comparable to, or better than, for conventional secondary treatment. The microbial composition was comparable to other nitrifying biological systems. The most abundant phyla were Betaproteobacteria and Planctomycetes.

In Sweden, a hydroponic system is restricted to greenhouse applications, and the necessary amount of additional energy is related to geographic location. In conclusion, hydroponic systems are not recommended too far north, unless products are identified that will justify the increased energy usage. The potential for hydroponic treatment systems in Sweden lies in small decentralized systems where the greenness of the system and the possible products are considered as advantages for the users.

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Norström, Anna. "Treatment of domestic wastewater using microbiological processes and hydroponics in Sweden /." Stockholm, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-183.

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Oyama, Noraisha. "Hydroponics system for wastewater treatment and reuse in horticulture." Oyama, Noraisha (2008) Hydroponics system for wastewater treatment and reuse in horticulture. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2008. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/1679/.

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As human population increases, the need for water increases in domestic, agricultural, industrial and urban sectors. Wastewater reuse after treatment is gaining acceptance world wide, as availability of fresh water sources decreases. However, it is also important to point out social and cultural differences that still exist in different pars of the world including those where reuse of wastewater for food production or any domestic use is not yet acceptable. The major concerns with effluent reuse are primarily its impact on human health and environmental risk. As a result, effluent reuse should be undertaken with caution after careful consideration of the potential impacts and risks. This thesis examined the potential to use the hydroponics nutrient film technique to grow commercially important crops using secondary-treated domestic wastewater. The crops chosen were a fruit crop (Lycopersicon esculantum - tomato), a leafy crop (Beta vulgaris ssp. cicla - silver beet) and a flower crop (Dianthus caryophyllus - carnation). Secondary-treated domestic wastewater was chosen because of the reduced risk of pathogen and heavy metal contamination in the crops and due to the guideline requirements for use of treated effluent for food crops. The possibility of using the effluent after the hydroponics treatment for further irrigation was also studied. The ability of secondary-treated effluent to supply adequate nutrients to the crops was assessed relative to a commercially available hydroponics solution (Chapter 3). The amount of time the solution was left in the system (nutrient solution retention time) was dependant on the plant uptake of the solution. The results obtained showed that the nutrients in secondary treated effluent was adequate for the carnations, but not for the food crops. The food crops from both treatments were compared to the produce purchased from a supermarket. The food crops showed signs of nutrient deficiency, particularly nitrogen. Based on the findings of the first experiment, the nutrient solution retention time was amended to 14 days. The carnations were not tested with the shorter nutrient solution retention time (NSRT) because they performed well in the previous trial with the longer nutrient solution retention time. The edible food crops performed better and did not show signs of nutrient deficiency when the nutrient solution retention time was reduced to 14 days. Further statistical analysis was conducted with the data from Chapters 3 and 4. Nutrient and water balances were calculated and the possible reason that the plants grown in the 14-day nutrient solution retention time took up more water, was a result of increased nutrients and better growth. A simple model was constructed to calculate height of the plants using multiple regression. The model was validated against the data collected from this study. The experiment conducted in Chapter 6 determined the nutritional quality of the food crops. The harvests from the wastewater and commercially available hydroponics solution were compared to produce purchased from a supermarket and tested for total caroteniods, total soluble solids and ascorbic acid concentrations. The nutritional quality of the wastewater grown produce was comparable to those grown in the hydroponic solution and those purchased. The risk of pathogen contamination to food crops and the die-off of pathogens in the hydroponic channels were studied in Chapter 7. This was tested by spiking the commercial hydroponic medium with Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium and monitoring bacterial pathogen die-off in the secondary treated domestic wastewater. The pathogen quality of the crop was tested in all treatments as well as on organically grown produce found at a local supermarket. The results of this experiment did not show any contamination on the surface of the food crops or within the food crops. This study demonstrated that growing tomatoes, silver beet and carnations using secondary-treated domestic wastewater was successful when the nutrient solution retention time was adjusted to the optimum level. In arid, developing and remote communities, this system is ideal as it conserves and reuses water for commercially important crops without compromising the health of the environment or of human beings. It can also be implemented in urban areas, as the system can be scaled according to the availability of space. In addition to this, the effluent after going through this system can be used for open irrigation as it meets the World Health Organisation guidelines. However, a number of additional concerns need further investigation. They include the transmission risk of other types of pathogen, which depends on the source of wastewater, and the effects of hormones and antibiotics on food crops and their effect on human health.
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Tran, Thi Viet Nga, and Hoai Son Tran. "The application of A/O-MBR system for domestic wastewater treatment in Hanoi." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-88534.

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The study aims to investigate an appropriate wastewater treatment process to treat domestic wastewater in Hanoi City which contain low-strength for COD (120-200 mg/L) but high in nitrogen content (10-40 mg/L). A lab scale anoxic-oxic system with a hollow fiber-Membrane Separation Bioreactor was operated at a flow rate of 5-10 L/h over a period of 150 days. The reactor was operated at different sludge recirculation rates. The MBR maintained relatively constant transmembrane pressure. During 150 days of reactor operation, treated water quality have COD of around 20 mg/L, NH4-N of less than 1 mg/L, NO3-N of less than 5 mg/L. The system shows good and stable efficiency for organic matter and nitrogen removal without adding an external carbon source and coagulants. The results based on the study indicated that the proposed process configuration has potential to treat the low-strength wastewater in Hanoi
Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu là đề xuất được một công nghệ hiệu quả và phù hợp để xử lý nước thải sinh họat ở các đô thị của Việt nam, là loại nước thải được thu gom từ hệ thống thoát nước chung có nồng độ chất hữu cơ thấp (COD 120-200 mg/l) nhưng hàm lượng chất dinh dưỡng như Nitơ, Phốt pho khá cao (T-N: 10-40 mg/L). Chúng tôi đã nghiên cứu và vận hành chạy thử mô hình xử lý sinh học yếm khí - kỵ khí (AO) kết hợp với màng vi lọc ở quy mô mô hình phòng thí nghiệm (công suất 5-10 L/h) ở các chế độ công suất bùn tuần hoàn khác nhau. Kết quả xử lý trong thời gian 5 tháng vận hành mô hình cho thấy chất lượng nước thải sau xử lý có hàm lượng COD nhỏ hơn 20 mg/L, NH4-N nhỏ hơn 1 mg/L, NO3-N nhỏ hơn 5 mg/L. Hiệu suất xử lý chất hữu cơ và chất dinh dưỡng rất ổn định và hệ thống không phải sử dụng các nguồn bổ sung chất hữu cơ hay các hóa chất trợ lắng như các công nghệ đang áp dụng. Kết quả cho thấy công nghệ AO kết hợp màng vi lọc có khả năng áp dụng thực tế, phù hợp với những nơi có quỹ đất nhỏ, chất lượng nước sau xử lý rất cao có thể phục vụ cho mục đích tái sử dụng
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Valero, Miller Alonso Camargo. "Nitrogen transformation pathways and removal mechanisms in domestic wastewater treatment by maturation ponds." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.493562.

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The mechanisms and pathways by which nitrogen in its various forms is removed from waste stabilisation ponds (WSP) have been a subject of much debate for wastewater scientists and engineers. Nitrogen removal in WSP has been attributed to ammonia volatilisation and sedimentation of organic nitrogen via biological uptake. However, researchers have found it difficult to determine whether sedimentation or volatilisation is the dominant mechanism for nitrogen removal because of the very complex interactions in the biochemical pathways involved, although it was thought that volatilisation may dominate during the warm summer months and deposition during the winter.
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Books on the topic "Domestic wastewater treatment"

1

Ksenofontov, Boris. Biological wastewater treatment. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1013710.

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The training manual sets out the theoretical and practical foundations of biological wastewater treatment in both natural and artificial conditions. For in-depth study of the fundamentals of biological wastewater treatment is quite detailed sections on the basics of Microbiology. Much attention is paid to choosing the best technologies of biological wastewater treatment with effective methods of nutrient removal. In the expanded version of the methods of biological purification of wastewater using membrane bioreactors. Are extensively explored domestic and foreign experience of biological treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater. Meets the requirements of Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation. Intended for students of bachelor, master, PhD students, teachers and professionals interested in the methods of sewage purification, and it is recommended to study for the enlarged group of specialties and areas 20.00.00 "Technosphere safety and environmental engineering".
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Grant, Nick. Reed beds for the treatment of domestic wastewater. London: CRC, 2001.

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Sō̜nwichai, Pinnaphā. Rāingān kānwičhai rư̄ang kānbambat nāmsīa dūai phư̄t =: Domestic wastewater treatment with plants. [Ubon Ratchathani]: Mahāwitthayālai Rātchaphat ʻUbon Rātchathānī, 2006.

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Europe, Economic Commission for. Strategies, technologies and economics of wastewater management in EEC countries: A report on prevailing practice and recent experience in domestic sewage purification and industrial wastewater treatment with special emphasis on advanced techniques. London: HMSO, 1985.

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Workshop on Adopting, Applying and Operating Environmentally Sound Technologies for Domestic and Industrial Wastewater Treatment for the Wider Caribbean Region (1998 Montego Bay, Jamaica). Proceedings of the Workshop on Adopting, Applying and Operating Environmentally Sound Technologies for Domestic and Industrial Wastewater Treatment for the Wider Caribbean Region: Regional workshop for wider Caribbean Region implemented 16-20 November 1998, Montego Bay, Jamaica. Osaka/Shiga: UNEP International Environmental Technology Centre, 1998.

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Domestic Wastewater Treatment in Developing Countries. Earthscan Publications Ltd., 2004.

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Mara, Duncan. Domestic Wastewater Treatment in Developing Countries. Earthscan Publications Ltd., 2004.

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Mara, Duncan. Domestic Wastewater Treatment in Developing Countries. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781849771023.

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Bux, Faizal, and Sanjay Kumar Gupta. Application of Microalgae in Wastewater Treatment : Volume 1: Domestic and Industrial Wastewater Treatment. Springer, 2019.

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Workshop papers on localised treatment and recycling of domestic wastewater. Perth, W. A: Murdoch University, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Domestic wastewater treatment"

1

Obarska-Pempkowiak, Hanna, Magdalena Gajewska, Ewa Wojciechowska, and Janusz Pempkowiak. "Domestic Wastewater Treatment." In GeoPlanet: Earth and Planetary Sciences, 15–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13794-0_4.

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Din, Mohd Fadhil Md, Zaharah Ibrahim, Zaiton Abd Majid, Chi Kim Lim, and Abdul Hadi Abdullah. "Bioparticle Development in Constructed Wetland for Domestic Wastewater." In Sustainable Water Treatment, 157–76. Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa, plc, [2017].: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315116792-10.

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Din, Mohd Fadhil Md, Zaharah Ibrahim, Zaiton Abd Majid, Chi Kim Lim, and Abdul Hadi Abdullah. "Bioparticle Development in Constructed Wetland for Domestic Wastewater." In Sustainable Water Treatment, 155–76. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315116792-11.

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Bwapwa, Joseph K., Anandraj Akash, and Cristina Trois. "Jet Fuel from Domestic Wastewater Treatment Using Microalgae: A Review." In Green Materials for Wastewater Treatment, 321–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17724-9_14.

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Bhushan, Shashi, Halis Simsek, Aswin Krishna, Swati Sharma, and Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati. "Remediation of Domestic Wastewater Using Algal-Bacterial Biotechnology." In Application of Microalgae in Wastewater Treatment, 269–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13913-1_13.

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Malairajan, Sumathi, and Vasudevan Namasivayam. "Management of Phosphate in Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plants." In Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, 69–100. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77795-1_3.

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Ilmavirta, Arvo. "Pre-Precipitation and the High-Rate Process for Domestic Wastewater Pretreatment in Finland — A Case Study." In Chemical Water and Wastewater Treatment, 413–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76093-8_27.

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Singh, Rajesh, Sumant Kumar, and Megha Garg. "Domestic Wastewater Treatment Using Tanfloc: A Tannin Based Coagulant." In Geostatistical and Geospatial Approaches for the Characterization of Natural Resources in the Environment, 349–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18663-4_53.

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Roland Mote, C., and Carl L. Griffis. "On-site domestic wastewater renovation system designs to overcome soil limitations." In Utilization, Treatment, and Disposal of Waste on Land, 129–38. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/1986.utlizationtreatmentdisposal.c11.

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Kumar, Saroj, Bhanu Pratap, Divya Dubey, and Venkatesh Dutta. "Microbial Communities in Constructed Wetland Microcosms and Their Role in Treatment of Domestic Wastewater." In Emerging Eco-friendly Green Technologies for Wastewater Treatment, 311–27. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1390-9_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Domestic wastewater treatment"

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Pang, Cheng, Di Wu, Wenbin Dai, Anna Mikola, Tommi A. Karhela, and Valeriy Vyatkin. "Software-Defined Decentralized Domestic Wastewater Treatment: 1st Milestone." In IECON 2020 - 46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iecon43393.2020.9254581.

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Liu, Xiao, Chunjuan Dong, Bingnan Lv, Yanxia Wang, and Suyun Chen. "Anaerobic Treatment of Domestic Wastewater with EGSB Reactor." In 2008 2nd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (ICBBE '08). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2008.1027.

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Zhang, Shoutong, Fenglin Yang, Xin Zhang, Lulu Meng, and Ying Yin. "Domestic Wastewater Treatment with a Slopping-Baffle ABR." In 2009 3rd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2009.5162658.

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Nagarajan, Praveena, K. S. Sruthy, Veena P. Lal, Veena P. Devan, Anupama Krishna, Aarathi Lakshman, K. M. Vineetha, Ajith Madhavan, Bipin G. Nair, and Sanjay Pal. "Biological treatment of domestic wastewater by selected aquatic plants." In 2017 International Conference on Technological Advancements in Power and Energy (TAP Energy). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tapenergy.2017.8397350.

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Xudong Liu, Linna Geng, and Yingmeng Xiu. "Test study on domestic wastewater treatment by Coagulate-MBR." In 2011 International Conference on Multimedia Technology (ICMT). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmt.2011.6003372.

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Yang, Jian, Liangbo Zhang, Yuanlin Que, and Yifan Wu. "Study on Treatment of Domestic Wastewater by Cinder Infiltration Columns." In 2009 3rd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2009.5163534.

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Zhu, T., Y. H. Xie, Y. D. Wang, Y. X. Wang, and H. J. Zhang. "Study on Treatment of Domestic Wastewater by Submerged Flat MBR." In 2007 2nd IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciea.2007.4318637.

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"BASIN OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION: TREATMENT OF DOMESTIC WASTEWATER AND FOOD PRODUCTIONS." In 2015 ASABE International Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20152152644.

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Aihua Cheng, Jie Li, Panpan Dong, and Dongyang Wei. "Study of CTBF-SFCW with solar power for domestic wastewater treatment." In 2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resources Management (GIWRM). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/giwrm.2012.6349627.

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Cui, Yubo, Changjian Liu, and Lijun Wang. "Feasibility of Acidogenesis Reactor with Shell Carrier for Domestic Wastewater Treatment." In 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2010.5517515.

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