Journal articles: 'Dominanci'

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Sennett, Richard. "Plánování čistých měst." Sociální studia / Social Studies 3, no. 2 (July 19, 2006): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/soc2006-2-87.

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V tomto textu, který je překladem jedné z kapitol jeho práce The Uses of Disorder (1970), Sennett odkazem na konkrétní příklad podporuje tezi o poklesu komplexity sociálních forem v moderní společnosti v důsledku narůstající komplexity a nadměrného řádu, jež se projevuje mimo jiné ztrátou personálních postojů občanů a jejich možností ustavovat fungující komunity. Oním příkladem jsou mocenské vztahy vtělené do procesu městského plánování. Původ moderního urbánního diskurzu spatřuje v rekonstrukci města Paříže, jež probíhala pod vedením barona Haussmanna na konci 19. století jakožto artikulace potřeb rozvíjejícího se průmyslového světa. K hlavním předpokladům této urbánní tradice patří: centralizované plánování celého města a předem určené sociální využití města. Sennett ukazuje na historickou podmíněnost těchto předpokladů, která vedla k dominanci expertního vědění nad potřebami aktuálních obyvatel. V této tradici ústí autorita do pasivity a ne-participace, eliminujíce rozptylující prvky: chyby, anarchii, diverzitu nebo tvůrčí nepořádek.

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Orság, Petr. "With Chinese Communists against Husák's Regime of 'Normalization': The Listy Exile Group and Its Search for Political Partners against Soviet Domination in Central Europe." Soudobé dějiny 23, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 563–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.51134/sod.2016.040.

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Naula-Sigua, Freddy Benjamín, Diana Jackeline Arévalo-Quishpi, and Diego Mauricio Loyola-Ochoa. "CAPM, Dominancias Estocásticas & Diversificación." UDA AKADEM, no. 6 (October 7, 2020): 120–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33324/udaakadem.v1i6.318.

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El artículo expone de forma aplicativa a la teoría de diversificación del portafolio, cuyos cimientos se trasladan a Markowitz (1952). Acorde a esto, inicialmente se expusieron a grandes rasgos las bases de Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), así como de la diversificación. Además, se explican ideas como las de dominancia estocástica, de primer orden; y, dominancia estocástica, de segundo orden, que plantean una forma alternativa y previa de evaluación de las opciones de inversión. Se utilizan cuatro acciones en el presente estudio, las cuales, pertenecen a: Banco de Chile (BCH), Banco Santander (BSANTANDER), Parque Arauco (PARAUCO) y Falabella (FALABELLA); estas acciones pertenecen a la Bolsa de Comercio de Santiago, Chile. Los resultados, respecto a CAPM, muestran que la mayoría se comporta en forma similar a como lo hace el mercado; es decir, tienen un beta cercana a 1. El análisis de Dominancias no permitió establecer Dominancia Estocástica de Primer Orden, no obstante, sí Dominancia Estocástica de Segundo Orden; FALABELLA domina estocásticamente en segundo a tanto a PARAUCO como BSANTANDER. Finalmente, se encontró un portafolio óptimo compuesto por las cuatro acciones; a pesar de que se permiten ventas cortas, la composición del portafolio óptimo no muestra acciones con proporciones negativas. Esta técnica serviría muy bien para valoración de diferentes proyectos, reemplazando los rendimientos de las acciones por los de los proyectos.Palabras clave: CAPM, Diversificación, Finanzas, Markowitz, Portafolio Óptimo. ABSTRACThe article introduces the reader in applicative way to the theory of portfolio diversification, the foundations of which were transferred to Markowitz in 1952. According to this, initially they were exposed to great features the CAPM (Capital Asset Pricing Model) and diversification foundations. In addition, ideas such as the first-order stochastic dominance and the second-order stochastic dominance were explained, as one previous and alternative way of evaluating investment options. Four actions were used in this study, they all belong to: Banco de Chile (BCH), Banco Santander (BSANTANDER), Parque Arauco (PARAUCO) and Falabella (FALABELLA); These shares belong to the Santiago Stock Exchange, Chile. The results, with respect to CAPM, showed that the majority behave similarly to how does the market; that is to say, they have a beta around 1. Dominance analysis does not allow you to establish the First-Order Stochastic Dominance, however yes second-Order Stochastic Dominance; FALABELLA dominates stochastically in second order, to both PARAUCO and BSANTANDER. Finally, an optimal portfolio was found, consisting of the four stocks; Although short sales are allowed, the optimal portfolio composition does not show stocks with negative proportions. This technique would be very useful for evaluating different projects, replacing the returns of the shares for those of the projects.

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A, Julián Manrique, and Juan Felipe Martínez Flórez. "Autopercepción del estilo cognitivo profesional y dominancia cerebral en estudiantes de último año de secundaria." Revista Lumen Gentium 4, no. 2 (April 14, 2021): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.52525/lg.v4n2a3.

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Este estudio busca examinar la relación entre aptitudes profesionales, perfil de estilo cognitivo (EC) y de dominancia cerebral (DC). Mediante un diseño correlacional se evaluó la autopercepción del estilo cognitivo profesional y la dominancia cerebral en 98 estudiantes de último año de secundaria. Abstract Between professional skills, cognitive style profile (CS) and brain dominance (BD). Following a correlational design, the self-perception of professional cognitive style and brain dominance were evaluated in 98 last year high school students

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Benhaiem, Sarah, Heribert Hofer, Martin Dehnhard, Janine Helms, and Marion L. East. "Sibling competition and hunger increase allostatic load in spotted hyaenas." Biology Letters 9, no. 3 (June 23, 2013): 20130040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2013.0040.

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Allostatis is the process of maintaining homeostatis through behavioural or physiological responses to challenges, and its cumulative energetic cost is termed allostatic load. The allostatic load hypothesis predicts that hunger and the mechanisms that establish and maintain social dominance should have a strong impact on allostatic load. In spotted hyaenas, dominance between twin siblings emerges during intense early competition for maternal milk and involves trained winner/loser effects . Conflict over access to teats declines with age as behavioural dominance conventions are established. In young litters, the allostatic load of subordinates measured in terms of faecal glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations (fGMCs) should be higher than that of dominants. When low milk provisioning threatens survival, hungry subordinates are more assertive, particularly when competing against a dominant sister. Dominants challenged by assertive subordinates should have allostatic loads and fGMCs above those of dominants with subordinates that adhere to dominance conventions. We show that in young litters, subordinates had significantly higher fGMCs than dominants, and dominant sisters had significantly higher fGMCs than dominant brothers. When hungry, both dominants and subordinates had significantly higher fGMCs than when fed. Our results provide evidence that hunger and sibling competition affect allostatic load in spotted hyaenas.

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Faizal Ulkhaqa, Mohammad, Sapto Andriyono, Muhammad Hanif Azhara, Hapsari Kenconojatia, Daruti Dinda Nindarwi, and Darmawan Setia Budia. "Dominansi dan Diversitas Lamun dan Makrozoobenthos pada Musim Pancaroba di Pantai Bama, Taman Nasional Baluran, Situbondo [Dominance and Diversity of Seagrass and Macrozoobenthos on Transition Season in Bama Beach, Baluran National Park, Situbondo]." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 8, no. 1 (January 13, 2019): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v8i1.11191.

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AbstrakLamun merupakan tanaman berbiji terbuka yang mampu tumbuh dan beradaptasi dengan lingkungan bersalinitas tinggi serta dapat berasosiasi dengan benthos. Keberadaan lamun di perairan merupakan salah satu indikator tingkat kesuburan dan produktivitas perairan. Terdapat perbedaan dominansi antara musim hujan dan musim kemarau, sehingga enelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menghitung dominansi dan keanekaragaman lamun dan makrozoobenthos pada musim pancaroba di Pantai Bama, TN Baluran, Situbondo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu line transect quadran dengan 5 line transek quadran yang masing-masingnya dipasang 5 plot transek. Ditemukan jenis lamun yang memiliki nilai kelimpahan tertinggi di Pantai Bama, TN Baluran pada musim pancaroba yaitu C. serrulata dengan nilai 48,90% , dan makrozoobenthos dari genus Holothuria dengan nilai 52,06%. Nilai Indeks dominansi (D) mengkategorikan Pantai Bama, TN Baluran dalam perairan dengan dominansi sedang. Sedangkan berdasarkan Indeks keanekaragaman (H’) mengkategorikan Pantai Bama, TN Baluran dalam perairan dengan keanekaragaman rendah. Musim peralihan berpengaruh terhadap jenis, kelimpahan relatif, indeks dominansi dan indeks keanekaragaman lamun dan makrozoobenthos di Pantai Bama, TN Baluran dibandingkan musim kemarau dan hujan. Perlu dilakukan survei secara berkala untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman organisme yang berkaitan dengan produktivitas perairan. AbstractSeagrass is the one of plants that can grow and adaptataion with high salinity environment and associated with benthos. Seagrass presence that indicate the productivity and prosperity in waters environtment. Found a different dominance between rainy season and dry season, so The aims of this study to identify and count dominance and diversity of seagrass and macrozoobenthos on the transition season in Bama Beach, TN Baluran, Situbondo. The method was used is line transect quadran with 5 quadran each of which installed 5 plot transect. Seagrass species was founded that have the highest abundance values in Bama Beach, TN Baluran the transitional season is C. serrulata with a value of 48.90%, and the macrozoobenthos that found from genus Holothuria with a value of 52.06%. Dominance index value (D) categorize Bama Beach, TN Baluran with moderate dominance. While based on the diversity index (H ') categorizes Bama Beach, TN Baluran with low diversity. Transitional seasons affect the type, relative abundance, dominance index and seagrass diversity index and macrozoobenthos in Bama Beach, TN Baluran than the dry and rainy seasons. Needed to investigate the diversity of organism that related to primary produktivity.

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Chu, Johan S. G. "Durable Dominance: Dominant Entrenchment through Open Competition." Academy of Management Proceedings 2014, no. 1 (January 2014): 12184. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2014.12184abstract.

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Górecki, Marcin T., and Bożena Błaszczyk. "Social dominance and wheel running in females of Djungarian hamster (Phodopus sungorus)." European Journal of Ecology 3, no. 1 (September 26, 2017): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eje-2017-0007.

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AbstractWheel running is a behaviour that has a rewarding effect on animals. There are not numerous papers investigating potential relationships between social rank and wheel running in mammals kept in groups, and the majority of published researches were conducted on male house mice (Mus musculus). The aim of our study was to investigate if social dominance and wheel running are related in female Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus). Hamsters were kept in groups, and social position of every animal was expressed as dominance index calculated on the basis of agonistic behaviour. We found significant positive correlation between dominance index and wheel running (rs = 0.809, n = 18, P < 0.0001), thus dominants used wheel more often than subordinates. Our results are consistent with those published on male mice. In conclusion, we claim that in majority of mammals (independent of their sex) kept in groups with restricted possibility of wheel running, dominants use wheel more often (or in optimal time) than subordinates, what is consistent with the fact that dominants have priority of access to resources.

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Kaseger, Cindy, Jans Djoike Lalita, Ferdinand Frans Tilaar, John L. Tombokan, Stephanus V. Mandagi, and Edwin L. A. Ngangi. "Gastropod Community On Seagrass Ecosystem in Makalisung coast." Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX 9, no. 2 (October 26, 2021): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.v9i2.34974.

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The aim of the research is to know various species of gastropods and gastropod community structure through species density, percent density, dominant species, and association of species of gastropods on seagrass ecosystem. Research with the method of quadrat transect is put perpendicular to the coastline. Gastropod species are found in the seagrass ecosystem on the Makalisung coast consist of 9 species, 7 families, and 4 ordos. Gastropod community structure on seagrass ecosystem is found with species density is highest Cymbiola nivosa as big as 0.64 (ind/m2) with highest percent density 34.04 %. Diversity of species of gastropods on four-station that H’> 1 highest in fouth station as big as H’= 1.72. The dominance of species is highest Cymbiola nivosa as big as C=0.44, where the result of research in generally dominancy C < 0.25 belong to low. Association of species of gastropods on seagrass ecosystem found three characteristics, (1) classifying of positive association is Cypraea tigris and Monetaria annulus, Cypraea tigris and Cymbiola nivosa, Strombus labiatus and Cyclope pellucida, Strombus labiatus and Cymbiola nivosa, Monetaria annulus and Cerithiun nodulosum, Cymbiola nivosa and Cerithiun nodulosum; Cerithiu nodulosum and Angaria dephinus and Faunus ater. (2) Classification of not associated Angaria dephinus and association close to zero (0,04) is Monetaria annulus and Cymbiola nivosa. (3) Classifying of negative association based on the result of the research shows most of the negative pairs of gastropod species on seagrass ecosystem.Keywords: Gastropod; Density; Diversity; Dominance; AssociationAbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui jenis-jenis Gastropoda dan struktur komunitas Gastropoda melalui Kepadatan spesies (Ind/m2), Kepadatan relatif (%), Dominansi spesies (C), dan asosiasi antarspesies Gastropoda pada ekosistem lamun. Penelitian dengan metode garis transek kuadrat yang ditempatkan tegaklurus garis pantai. Spesis gastropoda yang ditemukan di ekosism lamun pantai Makalisung, terdiri atas 9 spesies , 7 famili, dan 4 ordo. Struktur komunitas gastropoda di ekosistem lamun ditemukan dengan kepadatan total spesis tertinggi pada Cymbiola nivosa sebesar 0,64 (ind/m2) dengan kepadatan relatif tertinggi 34,04 %; keanekaragaman spesis gastropoda keempat stasiun H’> 1 di mana tertinggi stasiun 4 sebesar H’= 1,72; dominansi total tertinggi adalah spesis Cymbiola nivosa sebesar C=0,44, di mana hasil penelitian secara umum dominansi C < 0,25 adalah tergolong rendah. Asosiasi spesis gastropoda di ekosistem lamun ditemukan tiga ciri, (1) klasifikasi golongan asosiasi positif adalahCypraea tigris dan Monetaria annulus,Cypraea tigris dan Cymbiola nivosa, Strombus labiatus dan Cyclope pellucida, Strombus labiatus dan Cymbiola nivosa, Monetaria annulus dan Cerithiun nodulosum, Cymbiola nivosa dan Cerithiun nodulosum; Cerithiu nodulosum dan Angaria dephinus dan Faunus ater. Klasifikasi golongan tidak berasosiasi (2) Angaria dephinus dan asosiasi mendekati zero (0,04) yaitu Monetaria annulus dan Cymbiola nivosa. Dan klasifikasi golongan asosiasi negatif, hasil penelitian sebagian besar menunjukkan asosiasi negatif pasangan spesis gastropoda di ekosistem lamun.Kata kunci : Gastropoda, Kepadatan, Diversitas, Dominansi, Asosiasi.

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Gupta, Priyanshu, and Manish Thakur. "The Changing Rural-agrarian Dominance: A Conceptual Excursus." Sociological Bulletin 66, no. 1 (April 2017): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038022916687062.

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Based on a review of extant literature, this article entreats for thorough-going empirical investigation of rural-agrarian dominance in the context of the fundamental transformation of the ‘village’ from the spatial habitat of the traditionally ‘dominant’ to the ‘waiting room’ for the aspiring and the despairing. 1 Against the backdrop of the cultural devaluation of agriculture as an unrewarding profession and the village as the dark underbelly of a shining India, it underlines the need to revisit the conventional political economy models of rural-agrarian dominance. We argue that the triad of caste, land and political power does not exhaust the emergent constituents of rural-agrarian dominance. The aspirational surge towards middle-classisation, even among the village dominants, has unleashed forces and processes whose ramifications have to be meticulously thought through. The three-class dominant social coalition model prevalent in the political economy literature largely fails to take into account the inherent dynamism of the village dominants and their deep-seated propensity for middle-classisation.

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Dubu, Rema Vara Indry, M. Dinah Ch Lerik, R. Pasifikus Christa Wijaya, and Luh Putu Ruliati. "Orientasi Dominasi Sosial dengan Kekerasan dalam Pacaran pada Remaja." Journal of Health and Behavioral Science 2, no. 2 (June 5, 2020): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35508/jhbs.v2i2.2212.

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Abstract. This study aims to know the relationship between social dominance orientation with dating violence in adolescents. The hypothesis is that there is a positive relationship between social dominance orientation with dating violence in adolescents. Participants in this study were 400 adolescents in Kupang City (200 girls dan 200 boys) using convenience sampling. This research uses the quantitative approach with Social Dominanca Orientation7 (ODS7) adaptation scale and Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory (CADRI) adaptation scale as data collection methods. The hypotesys’s result using Spearman correlation technique obtained that correlation coefficient in this study is 0,102 with a significance level is 0,042 (p < 0,05). The data shows that there is a significant positive relationship between the social dominance orientation with dating violence in adolescents in Kupang city. It means that the higher social dominance orientation of adolescent, the higher tendency to commit violence in dating relationship, and vice versa. Keywords: Social Dominance Orientation, Dating Violence, Adolescent

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Van Leeuwen, Travis E., Jordan S. Rosenfeld, and Jeffrey G. Richards. "Failure of physiological metrics to predict dominance in juvenile Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.): habitat effects on the allometry of growth in dominance hierarchies1Order of authors represents their contribution to the manuscript." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 68, no. 10 (October 2011): 1811–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f2011-099.

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Territoriality is one of the best examples of interference competition and generally results in larger, dominant individuals gaining preferential access to food. However, the expectation of higher growth of dominant individuals among juvenile salmonids has received only mixed support. We used outdoor semi-natural stream channels stocked with varying sizes of young of the year juvenile salmonids under high and low food rations (i) to examine the mechanisms underlying variation in the benefits of dominance and (ii) to demonstrate that inconsistencies in the apparent benefits of dominance are a logical outcome of the allometry of growth and differential energy intake among fish of different size in a dominance hierarchy. Growth of dominants exceeded that of subordinates when food was abundant, but subordinates grew faster than dominants in low food treatments and when dominant fish increased in size and approached the capacity of their habitat. In general, size disparity within a dominance hierarchy may promote higher growth of subdominants because of the lower energetic requirements of smaller individuals, and the allometry of fish growth, relative to habitat capacity, can reverse the expected growth and condition of dominant and subordinate fish.

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SNYDER, JEFFREY K., LEE A. KIRKPATRICK, and H. CLARK BARRETT. "The dominance dilemma: Do women really prefer dominant mates?" Personal Relationships 15, no. 4 (December 2008): 425–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6811.2008.00208.x.

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Vatiero, Massimiliano. "An Institutionalist Explanation of Joint Dominance." World Competition 32, Issue 2 (June 1, 2009): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/woco2009021.

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This article tries to formulate an institutionalist reassessment of the notion of joint dominance, a market situation in which certain firms indirectly synchronize the conduct in a ‘conscious parallelism’. In this article, the concept of joint dominance is treated as an economic common good with the resulting problems of coordination and free riding. We prove, then, that the essence of these problems explains the emergence of economic links between agents involved in a joint dominance. In particular, we define the limit of a joint dominance by the notion of conjectural variations. Moreover, we distinguish different forms of joint dominance as deriving from the old-institutionalist J.R. Commons’ idea of transaction. We demonstrate that joint dominances composed by vertically related parties and/or by firms and the ‘public authority’ produce the reduction of a contestable Commonsian transaction as well as the horizontal joint dominance.

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Santello, Marco. "Exploring the bilingualism of a migrant community through language dominance." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 37, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 24–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.37.1.02san.

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This study outlines a linguistic profile of two subgroups of Italian English circumstantial bilinguals – one dominant in English and the other dominant in Italian – by exploring for the first time their linguistic repertoire through the Gradient Bilingual Dominance Scale (Dunn & Fox Tree, 2009). The scale takes into account language background/history, language use and phonological interference, three main clusters of indicators that make up their dominance. The analysis is further complemented by additional descriptors adapted from Marian, Blumenfeld and Kaushanskaya (2007) and Baker (2011). Over one hundred English dominants (EDs) and Italian dominants (IDs) of Italian descent living in Australia were administered a survey. Results indicate that the scores yielded by the scale broadly parallel the data on self-reported dominance. The contrastive analysis of single variables, however, reveals both discrepancies and similarities between the two groups. While both groups use and are exposed to both languages and self-report high proficiency in the four skills, EDs differ from IDs across indicators such as language attrition and phonological interference. These outcomes confirm that the examination of these subgroups of Italians through the components of their language dominance offers a concise analysis of their linguistic features that makes allowance for both the individual and the societal elements of their bilingualism.

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Vaquero-Cristóbal, Raquel, Ignacio Martínez González-Moro, Fernando Alacid, and Esperanza Ros. "Efectos de la lateralidad sobre la flexibilidad, la fuerza-resistencia y el equilibrio en mujeres mayores activas (Effects of laterality on flexibility, strength-endurance and balance in active older women)." Retos, no. 27 (March 5, 2015): 127–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i27.34362.

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Los componentes de las cualidades físicas de las personas mayores han sido evaluadas mediante numerosos test. No obstante, no se ha estudiado la influencia de la lateralidad sobre estas cualidades. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar las diferencias en la extensibilidad, la fuerza-resistencia y el equilibrio asociadas a la lateralidad en un grupo de mujeres mayores activas. Sesenta y siete mujeres (media de edad: 66.61 ± 6.63 años) realizaron con ambas extremidades los test de flexión del tronco en silla, juntar las manos tras la espalda, flexión completa de brazo y flamenco. Se encontraron diferencias significativas (p<.001) en los test de flexión del tronco en silla y de juntar las manos tras la espalda, siendo mayores los valores cuando la pierna extendida era la no dominante (-2.35±.83 cm con la pierna dominante y -.15±.83 cm con la no dominante) y cuando el brazo situado arriba era el dominante (-10.49±1.26 cm con el brazo dominante frente a -16.74±1.16 cm con el no dominante), respectivamente. En los test de flexión completa de brazo (brazo dominante y no dominante: 23.25 ± .53 y 23.71 ± .51 repeticiones, respectivamente) y flamenco (pierna dominante y no dominante: 23.83 ± 2.63 y 23.10 ± 2.78 seg, respectivamente) no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre las ambas extremidades. En conclusión, en mujeres mayores activas hay una relación directa entre la lateralidad y la extensibilidad de las extremidades superiores e inferiores; pero no entre la lateralidad y la fuerza-resistencia o el equilibrio.Palabras clave. Condición física, capacidad física, dominancia, adulto mayor, gerontogimnasia.Abstract. Older people’ physical abilities have been evaluated with a lot of tests. However, it has not been studied the influence of laterality on these qualities. The aim of this study was to analyse flexibility, strength-endurance and balance differences based on laterality in a group of active women elderly. Sixty-seven women (mean age: 66.61 ± 6.63 years) did chair-sit and reach, back scratch, arm curl and flamenco tests with both extremities. It was found significant differences (p<.001) in chair-sit and reach and back scratch tests. The values were higher with the non-dominant leg (dominant and non-dominant leg: -2.35±.83 and -.15±.83 cm, respectively) and the dominant arm, (dominant arm: -10.49±1.26 cm; non-dominant arm: -16.74±1.16 cm) respectively. It was not found significant differences in the arm curl (dominant and non-dominant arm: 23.25 ± .53 and 23.71 ± .51 repetitions, respectively) and flamenco tests (dominant and non-dominant leg: 23.83 ± 2.63 and 23.10 ± 2.78 seg, respectively). In conclusion, there is a direct relation between the laterality and the upper and lower extremities extensibility in active women elderly; but there is not it between the laterality and the strength-endurance or balance.Keywords. Physical condition, physical ability, dominance, elderly, senior fitness.

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Papageorgiou, Danai, and Damien R. Farine. "Shared decision-making allows subordinates to lead when dominants monopolize resources." Science Advances 6, no. 48 (November 2020): eaba5881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba5881.

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The concepts of leadership and dominance are often conflated, with individuals high in the social hierarchy assumed to be decision-makers. Dominants can exclusively benefit from monopolizing food resources and, therefore, induce an intragroup conflict when leading their group to these resources. We demonstrate that shared decision-making reduces such conflicts by studying movement initiations of wild vulturine guineafowl, a species that forms large, stable social groups with a steep dominance hierarchy. When dominant individuals displace subordinates from monopolizable food patches, the excluded subordinates subsequently initiate collective movement. The dominants then abandon the patch to follow the direction of subordinates, contrasting with nonmonopolizable resources where no individuals are excluded, and dominant individuals contribute extensively to group decisions. Our results demonstrate the role of shared decision-making in maintaining the balance of influence within animal societies.

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Watkins, Christopher D., Benedict C. Jones, and Lisa M. DeBruine. "Individual differences in dominance perception: Dominant men are less sensitive to facial cues of male dominance." Personality and Individual Differences 49, no. 8 (December 2010): 967–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.08.006.

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Dieterich, M. "Dominance for Vestibular Cortical Function in the Non-dominant Hemisphere." Cerebral Cortex 13, no. 9 (September 1, 2003): 994–1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/13.9.994.

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Reeders, H. H., P. C. M. Boers, D. T. van der Molen, and T. H. Helmerhorst. "Cyanobacterial dominance in the lakes Veluwemeer and Wolderwijd, The Netherlands." Water Science and Technology 37, no. 3 (February 1, 1998): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0181.

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The lakes Veluwemeer and Wolderwijd have long suffered from eutrophication stress. Recently, however, water quality has improved substantially. An overview of the developments in water quality (transparency, PTOT, chlorophyll) is presented for 1969-1996. Dominance of filamentous cyanobacteria in summer is analyzed. P-reduction is the key-factor to reduce cyanobacterial dominance. At PTOT>0.20 mg l−1 cyanobacterial dominance approaches 100%, at 0.05<PTOT<0.20 mg l−1 the dominance decreases rapidly, while at PTOT≤0.05 mg l−1 filamentous cyanobacteria virtually disappear. In the intermediate range for P summer dominance of cyanobacteria may be either high or low. The occurrence of these two states is related to the winter conditions and the global insolation in spring (April-May). Low summer dominances may occur after a severe winter. A severe winter results in a low inoculum of filamentous cyanobacteria, a mild winter in a high inoculum. High cyanobacterial dominance in summer is related to a high inoculum and/or high global insolation in spring. When the inoculum is low, i.e. after a severe winter, cyanobacterial dominance in summer may be either low or high. Low global insolation does not provide an indication for poor conditions for growth.

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Hébert, Paule, and Cyrille Barrette. "Experimental demonstration that scent marking can predict dominance in the woodchuck, Marmota monax." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 3 (March 1, 1989): 575–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-082.

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Scent marking is known to be related to dominance in mammals. Here we ask whether the isolated scent from the oral glands of woodchucks (Marmota monax) can advertise dominance. The scent of an individual was presented to a conspecific before the two met and could establish a dominance–subordination relationship. For all 19 dyads that would later express aggressive dominance, the individual pre-encounter rate of scent marking was the same no matter the sex, composition of the dyad, or the future status of the individual. However, when they were presented with scent marks of a conspecific (before meeting the marker), future subordinates marked the scent of future dominants more than vice versa (Mann–Whitney U-test, Z = 2.246, [Formula: see text]). The status of members of dyads was accurately predicted from the pre-encounter marking performance in 14 of the 19 dyads (χ2 = 3.368; 0.10 > p > 0.05). This suggests that scent, by itself, conveys information on the dyadic dominance status of an individual relative to the receiver of the olfactory signal.

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Benhaiem, Sarah, Heribert Hofer, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt, Edgar Brunner, and Marion L. East. "Sibling rivalry: training effects, emergence of dominance and incomplete control." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1743 (June 20, 2012): 3727–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.0925.

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Within-brood or -litter dominance provides fitness-related benefits if dominant siblings selfishly skew access to food provided by parents in their favour. Models of facultative siblicide assume that dominants exert complete control over their subordinate sibling's access to food and that control is maintained, irrespective of the subordinate's hunger level. By contrast, a recent functional hypothesis suggests that subordinates should contest access to food when the cost of not doing so is high. Here, we show that within spotted hyena ( Crocuta crocuta ) twin litters, dominants most effectively skew access to maternal milk in their favour when their aggression prompts a highly submissive response. When hungry, subordinates were less submissive in response to aggression, thereby decreasing lost suckling time and increasing suckling time lost by dominants. In a species where adult females socially dominate adult males, juvenile females were more often dominant than males in mixed-sex litters, and subordinate sisters used more effective counter-tactics against dominant brothers than subordinate brothers against dominant sisters. Our results provide, to our knowledge, the first evidence in a mammal that dominant offspring in twin litters do not exert complete control over their sibling's access to resources (milk), and that sibling dominance relationships are influenced by sibling sex and training effects.

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Cahyani, Reza Noviana, Heri Dwi Santoso, and Yunita Nugraheni. "ROBERT BURNS’ PATRIARCHIC RESPONSE TO WIFE’S DOMINANCE OVER HUSBAND IN HIS POEM, THE HENPECKED HUSBAND (1788)." Dinamika Bahasa dan Budaya 14, no. 1 (March 15, 2019): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35315/bb.v14i1.6722.

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The Henpecked Husband is one of classic poems written by Robert Burns, a neoclassical poet. This poem overall tells about a man who lives under the dominance of his wife. It also contains the some (parts of) lines that represent his opinions about the situation, which tends to blame the couple for the situation. Given the author’s tendency in the writing a research was conducted, aimed at comprehending in detail the manifestations of woman’s (wife’) dominance over the husband in the poem and analyzing and classifying the poet’s opinions theory. To do this library research, gender feminist theory was employed, with primarily feminist concepts written by Rosemary Putnam Tong. Based on the research, there were some major findings. Firstly, there were some manifestations of wife’s dominance over the husband, i.e. in power relation, leadership, decision making, and family’s economy. Secondly, there were some expressions (lines) in the poem that showed the poet’s patriarchal response towards such dominances. Keywords: patriarchal, wife’s dominance, gender, gender feminism

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Rejeski, W. Jack, Maria Gagne, Pamela E. Parker, and Donald R. Koritnik. "Acute Stress Reactivity from Contested Dominance in Dominant and Submissive Males." Behavioral Medicine 15, no. 3 (September 1989): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08964289.1989.9934574.

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Richardson, George P. "Loop polarity, loop dominance, and the concept of dominant polarity (1984)." System Dynamics Review 11, no. 1 (1995): 67–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sdr.4260110106.

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Gore, M. A., P. L. Nayudu, and V. Vlaisavljevic. "Attaining dominance in vivo: distinguishing dominant from challenger follicles in humans." Human Reproduction 12, no. 12 (December 1, 1997): 2741–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/12.12.2741.

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Applebaum, Barbara. "Raising Awareness of Dominance: Does recognising dominance mean one has to dismiss the values of the dominant group?" Journal of Moral Education 30, no. 1 (March 2001): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057240120033811.

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Johnson, Sheri L., and Charles S. Carver. "The dominance behavioral system and manic temperament: Motivation for dominance, self-perceptions of power, and socially dominant behaviors." Journal of Affective Disorders 142, no. 1-3 (December 2012): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.05.015.

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Moond, Kamla, Hitesh Vyas, Harisha C. R., and V. J. Shukla. "PRITHVI MAHABHUTA DOMINANT CHARACTERS IN PUGAPHALA (ARECA CATECHU LINN.) SCIENTIFICALLY ASSESSED THROUGH PHARMACOGNOSY AND PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research 10, no. 4 (July 16, 2018): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2018v10i4.28473.

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Objective: The Areca catechu L. is a tropical fruit, which is also called betel nut and is widely distributed in different parts of the world. Areca catechu L is used for various treatment aliments in the form of various preparations especially in powdered form and it used extensively in Ayurveda to treat Mukhavikara, Aruchi, Yonishaithilya, Shvetapradara etc. Areca nut is commonly used as betel nut or supari, as it is often chewed wrapped in betel leaves (Paan). The aim is to assessment of Mahabhautika dominance in Pugaphala by pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical study.Methods: Microscopic, macroscopic study and phsico-chemical analysis of Pugaphala Churna.Results: In present study Pugaphala was selected as a Parthiva dominant drug according to its Rasa Panchaka, after that its Mahabhautika dominancy was assessed by pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical study and results also support that in Pharmaceutical study loss on drying is 4.4%w/w, in Pharmacognostical study Rhomboidal crystal, Lignified scleroid etc. were found these characters also showed that Pugaphala is having dominancy of Prithvi Mahabhuta.Conclusion: Prithvi dominancy in Pugaphala is scientifically assessed by Pharmacognostical and Pharmaceutical study.

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Van der Haegen, Lise, Qing Cai, Michaël A. Stevens, and Marc Brysbaert. "Interhemispheric Communication Influences Reading Behavior." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 25, no. 9 (September 2013): 1442–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00412.

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We can read words at an amazing speed, with the left hemisphere taking the burden of the processing in most readers (i.e., over 95% of right-handers and about 75% of left-handers). Yet, it is a long-standing question whether word reading in central vision is possible without information transfer between the left and right hemispheres (LH/RH). Here we show that such communication is required by comparing word naming latencies and eye movement data of people with LH language dominance and a unique sample of healthy RH dominant people. The results reveal that individuals with LH speech dominance name words faster when they are allowed to fixate at the word beginning, whereas RH dominants are faster for fixations toward the end. In text reading, the eyes of LH dominants land more to the left than the eyes of RH dominants, making more information directly available to the dominant hemisphere. We conclude that the traditional view of bilateral projections in central vision is incorrect. In contrast, interhemispheric communication is needed in central vision, and eye movements are adjusted to optimize information uptake. Our findings therefore call into question the explanation of macular sparing in hemianopia based on a bilaterally projecting fovea. In addition, these results are in line with the increase of white matter in the splenium of the corpus callosum when people learn to read.

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Zhou, Jiawei, Alexandre Reynaud, Yeon Jin Kim, Kathy T. Mullen, and Robert F. Hess. "Chromatic and achromatic monocular deprivation produce separable changes of eye dominance in adults." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1867 (November 15, 2017): 20171669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.1669.

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Temporarily depriving one eye of its input, in whole or in part, results in a transient shift in eye dominance in human adults, with the patched eye becoming stronger and the unpatched eye weaker. However, little is known about the role of colour contrast in these behavioural changes. Here, we first show that the changes in eye dominance and contrast sensitivity induced by monocular eye patching affect colour and achromatic contrast sensitivity equally. We next use dichoptic movies, customized and filtered to stimulate the two eyes differentially. We show that a strong imbalance in achromatic contrast between the eyes, with no colour content, also produces similar, unselective shifts in eye dominance for both colour and achromatic contrast sensitivity. Interestingly, if this achromatic imbalance is paired with similar colour contrast in both eyes, the shift in eye dominance is selective, affecting achromatic but not chromatic contrast sensitivity and revealing a dissociation in eye dominance for colour and achromatic image content. On the other hand, a strong imbalance in chromatic contrast between the eyes, with no achromatic content, produces small, unselective changes in eye dominance, but if paired with similar achromatic contrast in both eyes, no changes occur. We conclude that perceptual changes in eye dominance are strongly driven by interocular imbalances in achromatic contrast, with colour contrast having a significant counter balancing effect. In the short term, eyes can have different dominances for achromatic and chromatic contrast, suggesting separate pathways at the site of these neuroplastic changes.

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Verhulst, Simon, Moniek Geerdink, H. Martijn Salomons, and Jelle J. Boonekamp. "Social life histories: jackdaw dominance increases with age, terminally declines and shortens lifespan." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1791 (September 22, 2014): 20141045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1045.

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Behaviour may contribute to changes in fitness prospects with age, for example through effects of age-dependent social dominance on resource access. Older individuals often have higher dominance rank, which may reflect a longer lifespan of dominants and/or an increase in social dominance with age. In the latter case, increasing dominance could mitigate physiological senescence. We studied the social careers of free-living jackdaws over a 12 year period, and found that: (i) larger males attained higher ranks, (ii) social rank increased with age within individuals, and (iii) high-ranked individuals had shorter lifespan suggesting that maintaining or achieving high rank and associated benefits comes at a cost. Lastly, (iv) social rank declined substantially in the last year an individual was observed in the colony, and through its effect on resource access this may accelerate senescence. We suggest that behaviour affecting the ability to secure resources is integral to the senescence process via resource effects on somatic state, where behaviour may include not only social dominance, but also learning, memory, perception and (sexual) signalling. Studying behavioural effects on senescence via somatic state may be most effective in the wild, where there is competition for resources, which is usually avoided in laboratory conditions.

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Grina, Jana, Robin Bergh, Nazar Akrami, and Jim Sidanius. "Political orientation and dominance: Are people on the political right more dominant?" Personality and Individual Differences 94 (May 2016): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.01.015.

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Tailby, Chris, David F. Abbott, and Graeme D. Jackson. "The diminishing dominance of the dominant hemisphere: Language fMRI in focal epilepsy." NeuroImage: Clinical 14 (2017): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2017.01.011.

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Weeks, Benjamin K., and Belinda R. Beck. "Prediction of Dominant Skeletal Mass with Different Tests of Lower Limb Dominance." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 40, Supplement (May 2008): S93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000321853.07140.6d.

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Gonzalez-Santoyo, Isaac, John R. Wheatley, Lisa L. M. Welling, Rodrigo A. Cárdenas, Francisco Jimenez-Trejo, Khytam Dawood, and David A. Puts. "The face of female dominance: Women with dominant faces have lower cortisol." Hormones and Behavior 71 (May 2015): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2015.03.006.

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Kiefer, Amy K., and Diana T. Sanchez. "Men's Sex-Dominance Inhibition: Do Men Automatically Refrain From Sexually Dominant Behavior?" Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 33, no. 12 (December 2007): 1617–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167207305856.

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Rauch, Tommy J. "Interspecific dominance does not exclude sub-dominant blennies from offshore petroleum platforms." Environmental Biology of Fishes 78, no. 4 (November 14, 2006): 347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-006-9158-5.

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Ninov, Dimitar. "Funkcionalna narava kadenčnega kvartsekstakorda." Musicological Annual 52, no. 1 (June 27, 2016): 73–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/mz.52.1.73-96.

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Prispevek predstavlja idejo, da kadenčni kvartsekstakord ni zgolj dominanta z dvema akordu tujima tonoma, ampak edinstven bi-funkcijski akord, ki pooseblja boj med toniko in dominanto. Takšen koncept omogoča razlago vseh mogočnih pojavnih oblik tega akorda v glasbeni literaturi.

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Macdonald, David W., Manuel Berdoy, and Pete Smith. "Stability of Social Status in Wild Rats: Age and the Role of Settled Dominance." Behaviour 132, no. 3-4 (1995): 193–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853995x00694.

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AbstractOne way of understanding the evolution of social dominance is to establish which factors determine an animal's ability to dominate conspecifics. The dynamics of dominance between 20 adult male wild rats were investigated in a multi-generational, free-breeding colony in a large outdoor enclosure. Dominance relations between the adult males were stable and organised in a near-linear hierarchy. Dyadic interactions not fitting the social hierarchy, as well as challenges by subordinates and overt aggression by dominants were rare (< 5%) and principally occurred between animals of similar social rank. The correlates of social status within the colony show, for the first time in adult small mammals, that despite the significant role of body weight on the probability of winning contests, age was the most reliable indicator of adult dominance, with the higher ranking males being older but not necessarily heavier. Age also explained the outcome of 85% of agonistic encounters between dyads, compared with 65% for weights. The proximate mechanisms of age-related dominance fit better the 'previous outcome' hypothesis than the alternative 'fighting skill' or 'site dominance' hypotheses. The stability of dominance relations and the role of age, which in stable groups is equivalent with time spent in the colony, suggest that rats remain dominant over individuals that they have beaten in the past, long after initial body weight asymmetries have disappeared. The functional significance of the acceptance of subordinate social status is consistent with the fact that dominant individuals generally could not monopolize food resources or mates.

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Wijaya, I. Made Saka, Gede Surya Indrawan, Putu Angga Wiradana, I. Made Sara Wijana, Abd Rahman As-syakur, Adi Ariyanto Wibisono, and Viryanando Evan Rahardja. "Struktur dan Komposisi Vegetasi pada Suksesi di Muara Sungai Unda, Kabupaten Klungkung, Bali." JURNAL ILMIAH SAINS 21, no. 1 (March 28, 2021): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jis.21.1.2021.31744.

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Letusan Gunung Agung pada tahun 1963 memberikan dampak ekologis di sekitar muara Sungai Unda, Kabupaten Klungkung, Bali. Lahar yang mengalir melalui sungai tersebut menyebabkan terjadinya suksesi primer akibat tutupan pasir dan batu. Selama 57 tahun, muara Sungai Unda tidak hanya mengalami suksesi alam, tetapi juga mengalami suksesi antropogenik melalui pemanfaatan sebagai tambang pasir, lahan pastura, dan permukiman sementara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari struktur dan komposisi vegetasi pada suksesi di muara Sungai Unda. Penentuan struktur vegetasi dilakukan pada 8 stasiun penelitian dengan menggunakan metode plot dengan jumlah 24 plot pohon (20 x 20 m) dan 48 plot vegetasi lantai (1 x 1 m). Data dianalisis menggunakan parameter ekologis seperti densitas, densitas relatif, frekuensi, frekuensi relatif, dominansi, dominansi relatif, dan nilai penting, serta dilengkapi dengan indeks keragaman Shannon-Weiner (H’), indeks dominansi (C), dan indeks keseragaman (E). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semak dan rumput merupakan bentuk hidup yang paling menentukan struktur vegetasi di Muara Sungai Unda. Beberapa spesies penyusun vegetasi tersebut merupakan tumbuhan invasif seperti yang harus dikontrol populasinya adalah Typha angustifolia, Ipomoea carnea, Chromolaena odorata, Lantana camara, dan Vachellia farnesiana. Berdasarkan indeks yang digunakan, keanekaragaman vegetasi termasuk dalam kategori tinggi, tanpa ada jenis yang mendominasi, dengan persebaran yang merata.Kata kunci: Gunung Agung; spesies invasive; suksesi antropogenik; vegetasi suksesiStructure and Composition of Successional Vegetation in Unda River, Klungkung Regency, BaliABSTRACTMount Agung eruption in 1963 caused major ecological impact around Unda River, Klungkung Regency, Bali. The volcanic mudflow that surpass the Unda River watershed initiate the primary succession in those areas. This research aimed to study the structure and composition of successional vegetation in Unda River. Twenty-four tree plots (20 x 20 m) and 48 understorey plots (1 x 1 m) derived from 8 research stations were used to determine the structure of vegetation. The data analyzed by ecological parameters, such as density, relative density, frequency, relative frequency, dominancy, relative dominancy, and importance value, then completed with Shannon-Weiner diversity index (H’), dominancy index (C), and evenness index (E). The results shown that the vegetation structure in Unda River determined by two major growth form: shrubs and grasses. Some notable invasive species that should be controlled are Typha angustifolia, Ipomoea carnea, Chromolaena odorata, Lantana camara, and Vachellia farnesiana. Based on the three indexes, the vegetation diversity was categorized as high diversity, without any species domination, and the distribution of the species are uniformKeywords: Anthropogenic succession; invasive species; Mount Agung; successional vegetation

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Sugianti, Yayuk, Adriani Sri Nastiti, Krismono Krismono, and Andri Warsa. "KEANEKARAGAMAN FITOPLANKTON PADA PERAIRAN CALON SUAKA PERIKANAN DI WADUK KOTO PANJANG, RIAU." Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia 15, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.15.1.2009.23-32.

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Salah satu kriteria penting untuk menentukan suatu lokasi menjadi suaka perikanan agar dapat berfungsi sebagai sumber benih untuk meningkatkan produksi ikan adalah ketersediaan pakan alami seperti plantkon. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui komposisi, keanekaragaman, dan dominansi fitoplankton sebagai pakan alami ikan pada perairan calon suaka perikanan di Waduk Koto Panjang, Riau. Contoh diambil pada lima stasiun pengamatan pada bulan Maret, Juni, dan Desember 2007. Parameter yang dianalisis adalah komposisi dan kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, serta dominansi fitoplankton. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa di Waduk Koto Panjang, Riau ditemukan lima kelas fitoplankton yaitu Chlorophyceae (21 marga), Cyanophyceae (tiga marga), Bacillariophyceae (tujuh marga), Dinophyceae (tiga marga), dan Euglenophyceae (dua marga) dengan total kelimpahan fitoplankton 6,6x105 ind. per L. Total nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman selama pengamatan adalah 2,97, berarti bahwa kondisi lingkungan di Waduk Koto Panjang sangat baik dan tidak tercemar. Terdapat tiga marga fitoplankton yang mendominansi yaitu Cosmarium, Staurastrum, dan Peridinium dengan nilai dominansi kumulatif masing-masing sebesar 26,54: 23,92; dan 13,37%. One important criteria for selecting a site to be inland fishery reserve to increase fish seed production is the availability of natural food such as plankton.The objective of this study was to elucidate the composition, diversity, and dominancy of phytoplankton as natural food of fish in proposed site of inland fishery reserve of Koto Panjang Reservoir. The phytoplankton sample was taken in five stations at March, June, and December 2007. The Koto Panjang Reservoir had five classes of phytoplankton, namely Chlorophyceae (21 genus), Cyanophyceae (three genus), Bacillariophyceae (seven genus), Dinophyceae (three genus), and Euglenophyceae (two genus) with the total abundance of 6,6x105 ind. per L. Total index of diversity of phytoplankton was 2.97, meaning that the Koto Panjang Reservoir was still in a good condition and unpolluted yet. There were three genera of phytoplankton dominating in the Koto Panjang Reservoir, namely Cosmarium, Staurastrum, and Peridinium at a respective dominancy cumulative index value of 26.54%; 23.93; and 13.37.

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Di Pierro, Francesco. "A Possible Perspective about the Compositional Models, Evolution, and Clinical Meaning of Human Enterotypes." Microorganisms 9, no. 11 (November 12, 2021): 2341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9112341.

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Among the various parameters obtainable through the analysis of the human gut microbiota, the enterotype is one of the first classifications of the bacterial consortia, which tried to obtain, at the same time, as much information as possible to be applied in clinical medicine. Although some authors observed the existence not of clusters, but only of a real continuous gradient, enterotypes are commonly described according to various models. The first model predicted either clustering into enterotypes 1 and 2 based on two specific dominances, Bacteroides and Prevotella, respectively, with the Ruminococcus dominance blurred within the Bacteroides dominance, or it predicted a threedominant condition, in which the Ruminococcus driver constituted enterotype 3, separated from enterotype 1. A second model envisaged three possible ways to cluster gut microbiota, respectively centred on two, three, and four dominances. In the first case, enterotypes 1 and 2 coincided with the two original enterotypes, with the dominance of Bacteroides and Prevotella, respectively. In the second case, the existence of enterotype 3 was evident and whose dominance was not centred on Ruminococcus but extended more towards the entire Firmicutes phylum. In the third case, the presence of the phylum Firmicutes was split into two different enterotypes generating the clusters defined and named as Mixtures 1 and 2. Subsequently, the analysis of the water content (hydration) in the stool allowed the splitting of the Bacteroides enterotype into two sub-enterotype, respectively known as B1 and B2. All these models have allowed us to highlight some correlations between a specific enterotype, or cluster, and some characteristics, such as the greater predisposition of the respective hosts towards certain pathologies. These observations, coupled with the attempt to derive the different microbiota on an evolutionary basis, can help to shed new light on this topic and demonstrate the possible utility that the different ways of clustering the gut microbiota can have in a clinical application perspective and in preventive medicine.

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de Vries, Han, Jeroen M. G. Stevens, Linda Van Elsacker, and Hilde Vervaecke. "The influence of the steepness of dominance hierarchies on reciprocity and interchange in captive groups of bonobos (Pan paniscus)." Behaviour 142, no. 7 (2005): 941–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539055010075.

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AbstractBiological market models explain variability in reciprocity and interchange between groups. In groups with a shallow dominance gradient, grooming will be mostly exchanged for itself (i.e. exchange will occur). In groups with steep dominance hierarchies, interchange is expected: individuals will groom higher ranking individuals to get access to limited resources or commodities such as support in conflicts, and grooming will be traded for these commodities.We examine patterns of reciprocity in grooming and support, and of interchange of grooming for support or for tolerance in six captive groups of bonobos. We test whether differences between groups in patterns of reciprocity and interchange can be attributed to differences in a measure of steepness of dominance hierarchies, which is based on dyadic agonistic interactions.We found that grooming was reciprocal in some, but not all groups. Support was highly reciprocal, but this was a side effect of dominance in most groups. Interchange between grooming and support was observed in some groups. Corroborating earlier findings, this was a side effect of individuals preferring high ranking individuals as grooming and support partners, possibly because these high-ranking individuals provide more efficient support in conflicts. There was no evidence for interchange of grooming for tolerance.Variability in grooming reciprocity was explained by differences in steepness of dominance hierarchies, as predicted by the biological market models. In groups with a shallow dominance hierarchy, grooming was more reciprocal. This was not true for reciprocity in support. There was some evidence that individuals groomed dominants more frequently in groups with a steep dominance hierarchy. The variation in interchange relations between grooming and support did not depend on the steepness of dominance hierarchies. We suggest that grooming in itself is a valuable commodity in bonobos, especially under captive conditions, which can be exchanged reciprocally. Bonobos may interchange grooming for another value equivalent, with food sharing as a very likely candidate. This interchange effects seem more dependent on potential to monopolise food than on steepness of dominance hierarchies per se.

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Lee, Ji-Ren, Donald E. O'Neal, Mark W. Pruett, and Howard Thomas. "Planning for dominance: a strategic perspective on the emergence of a dominant design." R&D Management 25, no. 1 (January 1995): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.1995.tb00896.x.

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Parker, Timothy, and David Ligon. "Dominant male red junglefowl ( Gallus gallus ) test the dominance status of other males." Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 53, no. 1 (December 1, 2002): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00265-002-0544-5.

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Estanga-Mollica, M. Eugenia, Romina M. Schmidt, Marina C. Cock, and José L. Hierro. "Non-native weed reaches community dominance under the canopy of dominant native tree." Biological Invasions 23, no. 9 (April 29, 2021): 2849–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-021-02538-z.

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Ritchie, Kay L., Rachel L. Bannerman, and Arash Sahraie. "The Effect of Fear in the Periphery in Binocular Rivalry." Perception 40, no. 12 (December 2011): 1395–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p7157.

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The perceived dominance of percepts within a rival pair of images can be influenced by emotional content, with emotional images dominating over neutral images. We investigated this effect in the periphery. Rival gratings and (fearful or neutral) face/house pairs were viewed centrally and with the near edge positioned 1° and 4° from the fixation. Both fearful and neutral faces were perceived as dominant for significantly longer than houses, with fearful faces dominating for significantly longer than neutral faces at all three eccentricities. There was no difference between dominances at 1° and 4° eccentricity, and there was no difference in the dominance of the gratings at any eccentricity. Our findings show that face stimuli, and in particular fearful faces, continue to dominate perception in binocular rivalry even when viewed in the periphery.

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Pont, D., R. Chappaz, G. Brun, and A. Champeau. "Interactions zooplancton-poissons dans une retenue oligotrophe de mise en eau récente (Ste-Croix, Provence, France)." Revue des sciences de l'eau 2, no. 4 (April 12, 2005): 777–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705054ar.

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Les peuplements zooplanctoniques et piscicoles de la retenue de Sainte-Croix (lac oligotrophe profond) ont été suivis de la mise en eau (1974) à 1986. La phase initiale de colonisation (1974-1975), caractérisée par le calanide Acanthodiaptomus denticornis et la dominance des espèces piscicoles peuplant antérieurement le Verdon lotique (Barbus fluvatilis, Leuciscus cephalus) a été de courte durée. Par la suite, les cladocères sont restés dominants avec cependant de profondes modifications dans la structure du peuplement. En 1977-78, Daphnia longispina était dominante tout au long de l'année (76 %). Plus récemment, cette espèce ne représentait plus que 34 %. des effectifs (1983-84), puis 24 % (1985-1986). La situation actuelle est caractérisée par la présence de Diaphanosoma brachyurum en été et l'abondance des petites formes (bosmines). L'ichtyofaune s'est elle aussi modifiée avec, notamment, une importante population d'ablette (Alburnus cluburnus), exploitant la zone pélagique. Son régime alimentaire est largement zooplanctonophage mais inclut mollusques et insectes lorsqu'elle est capturée en zone littorale. Cette augmentation de la pression de prédation a entraîné un net déplacement du spectre des tailles du zooplancton vers tes classes inférieures à 0,8 mm en 1986 (82 %) alors que les grandes formes ( > à 1 mm) représentaient 60 % des effectifs en 1977-78. Les densités de D. longispina et D. brachyurum décroissent rapidement entre 1983 et 1986. Les conséquences de cette prédation sélective sont discutées (évolution prévisible du système) ainsi que les causes pouvant expliquer l'absence de régulation efficace (densité-dépendance) dans un tel système prédateur-proie.

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Van Den Bosch, Frans A. J., S. Spedale, and Henk Volberda. "Technologische doorbraken en exploitatie- versus exploratieallianties." Maandblad Voor Accountancy en Bedrijfseconomie 78, no. 11 (November 1, 2004): 524–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/mab.78.12786.

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Grote bedrijven zijn kwetsbaar als een nieuwe technologie op de markt komt. Dit artikel onderzoekt welke rol exploitatie- en exploratieallianties kunnen spelen in de overlevingsstrategie van die bedrijven. We analyseren daartoe de beweegredenen van grote gevestigde bedrijven om allianties aan te gaan zowel vóór als na de doorbraak van een nieuwe technologie. In ons conceptuele framework is de tijdsduur van de zogenoemde ‘dominance lag’ een belangrijke verklarende factor voor het aangaan van exploitatie- en exploratieallianties. Deze ‘dominance lag’ is gedefinieerd als de tijd die een nieuwe technologie nodig heeft om de bestaande te vervangen en daarmee de nieuwe dominante standaard in de industrie wordt. Proposities worden ontwikkeld die de dynamiek van het aangaan van allianties door gevestigde bedrijven vóór en na de doorbraak van de nieuwe industriestandaard beschrijven. Implicaties voor vervolgonderzoek en voor het management van alliantiestrategieën worden besproken.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Dominanci'

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