Academic literature on the topic 'Dominican Decimas'

We apply the Wiener–Hopf method of solving convolutive integral equations on a semi-infinite interval to the X-ray edge problem. Dyson equations for basic Green functions from the X-ray problem are rewritten as convolutive integral equations on a time-interval [0,t] with t→∞. The long-time asymptotics of solutions to these equations is derived with the aid of the Wiener–Hopf method. Although the Wiener–Hopf long-time exponents differ by a factor of two from the solution of Nozières and De Dominicis we demonstrate how the latter and the critical exponents of measurable amplitudes from the X-ray problem can be derived from the former. We explain that the difference in the exponents arises due to different ways of performing the long-time limit in the two solutions. To enable the infinite-time limit in the defining equations a new infinite-time scale τ→∞, interpreted as an effective lifetime of the core-hole, must be introduced. The ratio t/τ decides about the resulting critical exponent. The physical relevance of the Nozières and De Dominicis as well as of the Wiener–Hopf exponents is discussed.

Abstract Background With the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), there is a renewed commitment of tackling the varied challenges of undernutrition, particularly stunting (SDG 2.2). Health equity is also a priority in the SDG agenda and there is an urgent need for disaggregated analyses to identify disadvantaged subgroups. We compared time trends in socioeconomic inequalities obtained through stratification by wealth quintiles and deciles for stunting prevalence. Methods We used 37 representative Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster surveys from nine Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries conducted between 1996 and 2016. Stunting in children under-5 years was assessed according to the 2006 WHO Child Growth Standards and stratified by wealth quintiles and deciles. Within-country socioeconomic inequalities were measured through concentration index (CIX) and slope index of inequality (SII). We used variance-weighted least squares regression to estimate annual changes. Results Eight out of nine countries showed a statistical evidence of reduction in stunting prevalence over time. Differences between extreme deciles were larger than between quintiles in most of countries and at every point in time. However, when using summary measures of inequality, there were no differences in the estimates of SII with the use of deciles and quintiles. In absolute terms, there was a reduction in socioeconomic inequalities in Peru, Honduras, Dominican Republic, Belize, Suriname and Colombia. In relative terms, there was an increase in socioeconomic inequalities in Peru, Bolivia, Haiti, Honduras and Guatemala. Conclusions LAC countries have made substantial progress in terms of reducing stunting,. Nevertheless, renewed actions are needed to improve equity. Particularly in those countries were absolute and relative inequalities did not change over time such Bolivia and Guatemala. Finer breakdowns in wealth distribution are expected to elucidate more differences between subgroups; however, this approach is relevant to cast light on those subgroups that are still lagging behind within populations and inform equity-oriented health programs and practices.

Los servicios de infraestructura -agua, saneamiento, energía, telecomunicaciones y transporte- son un insumo vital para el desarrollo de las personas. Los precios de estos servicios son variables fundamentales para que los usuarios decidan las cantidades que pueden consumir y para que, en el caso de los proveedores, determinen los estándares de calidad de los servicios y las inversiones que son capaces de ejecutar para aumentar el acceso, entre otros aspectos. Este documento utiliza la información de los Indices de Precios al Consumidor (IPC) de siete países de la región (Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, México, Perú y República Dominicana) y analiza las variaciones experimentadas por los precios de los servicios de infraestructura en el periodo 2012-2022.