Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Donne's education'
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Giullian, Marc Daniel. "A Lesson in Rhetoric: Finding God Through Language in “Batter my heart”." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4334.
Full textGurgand, Marc. "Education et efficacite de la production agricole : estimations en coupe transversale et en pseudo-panel sur des donnees ivoiriennes et taiwanaises." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0009.
Full textThe effect of education on technical and allocative efficiency in farm production is measured for cote d'ivoire and taiwan. As productivity is measured directly, this partly overcomes difficulties encountered in interpreting mincerian function estimates (due to labor market iperfections). Based on profit function estimates (with adjustement to take into account rural household model non-recursive. Ness), contrasted results are obtained: there is no return to education in ivoirian agriculture while the return is positive in taiwan. This can be interpreted with reference to th. Schultz's statement that the return to education is high in unstable or modernizing environments, but can be negligable otherwise. An original model allows explicit testing of this theory: assuming individual behaviour is not optimal and allocative mistakes happen as a result of unstable economic environment, it is shown that farm profit can be stated as optimal profit minus some index of agricultural price variation. Estimation over 17 repeated cross-sections (pseudo-panel) in taiwan illustrates that return to education is higher, the more unsteady prices are. The same holds for climatic instability. However, wage variation does not affect farm vs. Off-farm work allocation. Recent pseudo-panel data methods are implemented, including identification of fixed-effects models and microsimulation
Venturini, Patrice. "Conception et évaluation d'une base de données hypermédia en électricité - Révision du programme de la classe de seconde." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00202428.
Full textBarhoumi, Zaara. "Etude de l'usage du stylo numérique en recherche en sciences de l'éducation : traitement et représentation des données temps issues de la trace d'écriture avec un stylo numérique." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00845673.
Full textEl, Hage Hala. "L’équité éducative dans le contexte de l’enseignement privé subventionné par l’Etat libanais : la résilience des enseignants. : étude menée au Liban-Nord." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080126.
Full textThe current Lebanese context of the education is characterized by a plurality of types of establishments and by a freedom of education. These establishments (public, private, subsidized) know, each at the level, of great difficulties which threaten them, and with real problems stressed by diverse social, economic and political phenomena. This reality has notable incidences on the current state of the school education generally, on the status of every type of school, on the professional level of the teachers and on the successes at school. Our study targets the subsidized schools, as constituting a Lebanese originality. It is a sector, situated in the crossing of the private and the public, offering a quality of education with an accessible schooling to a disadvantaged population. The study aims at seeing closely the stakes in terms of educational equity, and at spotting(locating), within a binding situation, the militant aspect of certain teachers of these schools, to limit(ease) the feelings of equity (on equity and sub-equity) and to reduce discard by the educational efficiency. The working conditions are at the origin of a professional exhaustion at certain teachers. They are besides an engine-challenge for other teachers who manage to develop professionally in spite of all the risk factors. This phenomenon is similar to the concept of “resiliency in education” introduced recently into the world of the education. The resiliency of the school staff appears then as an essential factor(mailman) valuing the professional evolution and the educational efficiency in modest school circles and having to regulate, in consequent, some in equities between learners and between school environment
Lecocq, Aurélie. "Génèse et évolution des compétences des élèves à la fin de l'école maternelle : éléments d'analyse à partir de données de panel et d'une expérimentation musicale." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00994721.
Full textDutoit, Martine. "Être vu, se voir, se donner à voir : les dires de soi en situation d'étiquetage par des "patients" de la psychiatrie dans une communication publique." Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et métiers - CNAM, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00639967.
Full textVélu, Anne-Elise. "Donner moins à ceux qui ont moins : Une sociologie de dispositifs de prise en charge des difficultés scolaires d'élèves en âge primaire." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED079.
Full textThis thesis aims to study the effects of measures aiming to tackle educational disadvantage on the school careers of pupils (4-11 years).This ethnographic study shows how these measures are going to disadvantage pupil from modest background. To approach this process, we focused on the school professional’s activity and the way their practices reinforces school inequalities. Rather than reducing school inequities, these devices are instead focusing on their socially controlling function by stigmatising the working-class educational practices. This can be seen in the classroom, but also by the emergence of new devices that are a boundary between educationnal remediation and social work
Hajri, Hiba. "Personnalisation des MOOC par la réutilisation de Ressources Éducatives Libres." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC046/document.
Full textFor many years now, personalization in TEL is a major subject of intensive research. With the spreading of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC), the personalization issue becomes more acute. Actually, any MOOC can be followed by thousands of learners with different educational levels, learning styles, preferences, etc. So, it is necessary to present pedagogical contents taking into account their heterogeneous profiles so that they can maximize their benefit from following the MOOC.At the same time, the amount of Open Educational Resources (OER) available on the web is permanently growing. These OERs have to be reused in contexts different from the initial ones for which they were created.Indeed, producing quality OER is costly and requires a lot of time. Then, different metadata schemas are used to describe OER. However, the use of these schemas has led to isolated repositories of heterogeneous descriptions which are not interoperable. In order to address this problem, a solution adopted in the literature is to apply Linked Open Principles (LOD) to OER descriptions.In this thesis, we are interested in MOOC personalization and OER reuse. We design a recommendation technique which computes a set of OERs adapted to the profile of a learner attending some MOOC. The recommended OER are also adapted to the MOOC specificities. In order to find OER, we are interested in those who have metadata respecting LOD principles and stored in repositories available on the web and offering standardized means of access. Our recommender system is implemented in the MOOC platform Open edX and assessed using a micro jobs platform
Saavedra, Reinaldo. "Etayer le travail des élèves avec la plateforme LabBook pour donner davantage de sens aux activités expérimentales réalisées par des élèves de premières S." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAS012/document.
Full textThe thesis work involves an analysis of the experimental design activity carried out by students of junior year of high school in sciences using a TEL environment (Technology Enhanced Learning). It aims at understanding how they relate to knowledge and to the experimental approach established by both student and teacher.The thesis gives an account of how the students mobilizes their knowledge and it measures the influence of learning supports proposed by a TEL named LabBook. It also focuses on how the teacher deals with the difficulties encountered by students.Regarding that matter, a didactic engineering was already modelled as part of the Theory of didactical situations (Brousseau, 1986). This engineering focuses on the thematic of "genetic" and more specifically on "the expression of the genetic heritage" - a problematic area for most students. The analyses deal with the students’ productions, their answers to questionnaires (pre-test and post-test) and the teacher-student interactions produced throughout the work in the situation.This work highlighted the role of experimental design in changing the students' knowledge system and the evolution of their knowledge about the gene concept and expression of genetic information. The scaffolds implemented in the LabBook platform offer the students a potential for the implementation of experimental design. Teachers themselves dealt with the difficulties encountered by their students by implementing various aids. The study of these scaffolds allows the development of useful recommendations to improve the LabBook platform so as to help students overcome their learning difficulties
Miled, Mahdi. "Ressources et parcours pour l'apprentissage du langage Python : aide à la navigation individualisée dans un hypermédia épistémique à partir de traces." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DENS0045/document.
Full textThis research work mainly concerns means of assistance in individualized navigation through an epistemic hypermedia. We have a number of resources that can be formalized by a directed acyclic graph (DAG) called the graph of epistemes. After identifying resources and pathways environments, methods of visualization and navigation, tracking, adaptation and data mining, we presented an approach correlating activities of design or editing with those dedicated to resources‘ use and navigation. This provides ways of navigation‘s individualization in an environment which aims to be evolutive. Then, we built prototypes to test the graph of epistemes. One of these prototypes was integrated into an existing platform. This epistemic hypermedia called HiPPY provides resources and pathways on Python language. It is based on a graph of epistemes, a dynamic navigation and a personalized knowledge diagnosis. This prototype, which was experimented, gave us the opportunity to evaluate the introduced principles and analyze certain uses
Cross, David. "Les connaissances professionnelles de l'enseignant : reconstruction a partir d'un corpus vidéo de situations de classe de chimie." Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00995408.
Full textRené, de Cotret Sophie. "Etude de l'influence des variables : indice de proportionnalité du thème et nombre de couples de données sur la reconnaissance, le traitement et la compréhension de problèmes de proportionnalité chez des élèves de 13-14 ans." Grenoble 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE10024.
Full textChoffin, Benoît. "Algorithmes d’espacement adaptatif de l’apprentissage pour l’optimisation de la maîtrise à long terme de composantes de connaissance." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASG001.
Full textBetween acquiring new knowledge and reviewing old knowledge to mitigate forgetting, learners may find it difficult to organize their learning time effectively. Adaptive spacing algorithms, like SuperMemo, can help learners deal with this trade-off. Such algorithms sequentially plan reviews of a given piece of knowledge to adapt to the specific and ongoing needs of each learner. Compared to a fixed and identical temporal spacing between reviews, several experiments have shown that adaptive spacing improves long-term memory retention of the piece of knowledge.To date, research on adaptive spacing algorithms has focused on the pure memorization of simple pieces of knowledge, which are often represented by flashcards. However, several studies in cognitive psychology have shown that the benefits of spacing out learning episodes on long-term retention also extend to more complex knowledge, such as learning concepts and procedures in mathematics. In this thesis, we have therefore sought to develop adaptive and personalized spacing algorithms for optimizing long-term mastery of knowledge components (KCs).First, we develop and present a new statistical model of learning and forgetting of knowledge components, coined DAS3H, and we empirically show that DAS3H has better predictive performance than several learner models in educational data mining. Second, we develop several adaptive spacing heuristics for long-term mastery of KCs and compare their performance on simulated data. Two of these heuristics use the DAS3H model to select which KC should be reviewed by a given learner at a given time. In addition, we propose a new greedy procedure to select the most promising subset of KCs instead of the best KC to review. Finally, in the last chapter of this thesis, we develop AC4S, a deep reinforcement learning algorithm for adaptive spacing for KCs. We compare this data-driven approach to the heuristic methods that we presented previously
Olympio, Noémie. "Parcours de formation et d’insertion : une comparaison des systèmes éducatifs français et suisse à l'aune de la théorie des capabilités." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1115.
Full textInternational comparisons in the field of education seem to be particularly in vogue at the moment, as reflected in the proliferation of books on the subject, the burgeoning number of international reports and a fresh upsurge in standardised student assessments. In this thesis, education systems are examined from the perspective of their ability to contribute to equality and in particular to create opportunities for individuals. We particularly focus on France and Switzerland, two systems in which organisation of education is fundamentally different. These education systems are then compared in the light of Amartya Sen’s theory of capabilities. This theory allows us to investigate the degree of freedom that individuals have in their trajectories and the range of opportunities available to them, what might be called their ‘opportunities space’. Then we analyse how opportunities and constraints open up and close off over time in each education system. Considering that the analysis of people free choices and opportunities require a dynamic approach, the empirical part is based on two longitudinal database. For Switzerland, we make use TREE (Transition from Education to Employment) and the DEPP-EVA panel for France (Department of Evaluation, Forecasting and Performance - Adulthood Entry)
Aoudé, Pascale. "Les futurs enseignants du primaire face aux TIC : Questions de compétences et de formation. Le cas du tableur." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767440.
Full textPeoples, Bruce E. "Méthodologie d'analyse du centre de gravité de normes internationales publiées : une démarche innovante de recommandation." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080023.
Full text“Standards make a positive contribution to the world we live in. They facilitate trade, spreadknowledge, disseminate innovative advances in technology, and share good management andconformity assessment practices”7. There are a multitude of standard and standard consortiaorganizations producing market relevant standards, specifications, and technical reports in thedomain of Information Communication Technology (ICT). With the number of ICT relatedstandards and specifications numbering in the thousands, it is not readily apparent to users howthese standards inter-relate to form the basis of technical interoperability. There is a need todevelop and document a process to identify how standards inter-relate to form a basis ofinteroperability in multiple contexts; at a general horizontal technology level that covers alldomains, and within specific vertical technology domains and sub-domains. By analyzing whichstandards inter-relate through normative referencing, key standards can be identified as technicalcenters of gravity, allowing identification of specific standards that are required for thesuccessful implementation of standards that normatively reference them, and form a basis forinteroperability across horizontal and vertical technology domains. This Thesis focuses on defining a methodology to analyze ICT standards to identifynormatively referenced standards that form technical centers of gravity utilizing Data Mining(DM) and Social Network Analysis (SNA) graph technologies as a basis of analysis. As a proofof concept, the methodology focuses on the published International Standards (IS) published bythe International Organization of Standards/International Electrotechnical Committee; JointTechnical Committee 1, Sub-committee 36 Learning Education, and Training (ISO/IEC JTC1 SC36). The process is designed to be scalable for larger document sets within ISO/IEC JTC1 that covers all JTC1 Sub-Committees, and possibly other Standard Development Organizations(SDOs).Chapter 1 provides a review of literature of previous standard analysis projects and analysisof components used in this Thesis, such as data mining and graph theory. Identification of adataset for testing the developed methodology containing published International Standardsneeded for analysis and form specific technology domains and sub-domains is the focus ofChapter 2. Chapter 3 describes the specific methodology developed to analyze publishedInternational Standards documents, and to create and analyze the graphs to identify technicalcenters of gravity. Chapter 4 presents analysis of data which identifies technical center of gravitystandards for ICT learning, education, and training standards produced in ISO/IEC JTC1 SC 36.Conclusions of the analysis are contained in Chapter 5. Recommendations for further researchusing the output of the developed methodology are contained in Chapter 6
Berriche, Fatima Zahra. "Evaluation des connaissances acquises lors de l’apprentissage de l’ingénierie système dans un environnement E-learning collaboratif." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC048.
Full textTo remain competitive and to deal with the complexities of developing complex systems, it is necessary to have skilled and experienced system engineers on the labor market. As a result, system engineers, teachers and researchers must put in place strategies and didactic methodologies to prepare future systems engineers. The idea is to ensure engineering students with depth preparation for system engineering (SE) and a quasiprofessional expertise based on practical experiences. This thesis meets the need for student evaluation, to verify their knowledge of the processes of developing a complex system throughout its lifecycle. We are particularly interested in the problem of evaluating the knowledge acquired by learners during the active learning of the SE in a collaborative Elearning environment based on the knowledge acquisition approach. For this, we have developed and implemented our research as part of an E-learning project approach. This is a pedagogical approach that facilitates online learning of SE based on projects. We decided to pilot our E-learning environment with projects initiated from standard SE processes. We also conducted a formalization of these standardized processes by integrating SE competencies models to support the professional development of a system. During the learning phase, different students collaborate remotely. This sharing of information is generally based on formal or informal exchanges. The interest of the acquisition of this knowledge, resulting from written reports, feedback and rectified errors, is to help study and evaluate the experiences and activities of students to promote active learning and collaboration of the SE. Our proposal is a solution for the evaluation of acquired knowledge based on semantic tools. The solution is addressed to students and teachers of the platform. On the one side, it allows the monitoring and evaluation of students in an intelligent way. On the other side, it allows to support the teacher during the definition of his project. First, we present a mixed assessment method that combines reasoning from cases and process-mining to provide visual representations that help the teacher in his assessment process as well as the definition of his learning scenario. We use social network analysis techniques to study learner interactions. Then, we propose a semantic annotation process of student works. The purpose of this process is to guide the teacher in his assessment process. Furthermore, we introduce the concept of peer review in order to promote the reflexivity and self-confidence of learner. Finally, the different contributions are illustrated by a case study. Based on this case study, we show that the research hypotheses are valid
Sika, Glebehlo Lazare. "Impact des allocations en ressources sur l'efficacité des écoles primaires en Côte d'Ivoire." Thesis, Dijon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DIJOE001/document.
Full textThe quality of primary education in Côte d'Ivoire has deteriorated sharply over the past three decades. This situation is the result of an approximate management of the education system, which is characterized by a lack of educational support, a misallocation of resources, a congestion of classrooms (42 students for a teacher in primary school) and a lack of skilled and well trained teachers. In addition, the military-political conflict in September 2002 did not allow to improve this situation; on the contrary, it has further deteriorated the situation. Thus, the aim of this thesis is first to analyze the influence of resource endowments on the effectiveness of primary schools in Cote d'Ivoire on the basis of a survey on the competence conducted by the Ministry of Education. Secondly, it examines the impact of military-political conflict in September 2002 on the demand for education based on data from the MICS-2000 and 2006 household surveys. To do this, a classification of schools according to their resource endowment was made, then, using the method of data envelopment analysis (DEA nonparametric method), an efficiency frontier is constructed to highlight the specificities of schools and finally an econometric estimation (Tobit model censored data) is implemented to identify factors influencing the formation of effectiveness scores. The analysis shows that increasing the amount of resources allocated to a school does not guarantee its performance as the efficiency factors are not resident in endowment quantity, but rather in the endowment quality, that is the values and characteristics intrinsic to people and materials available to schools, this fact in order to fit the specific needs of schools and fairness. Furthermore, using a methodology combining both double differences estimation, the triple differences estimation and correction by the robustness checks, we find that the rate of access and completed grades of primary school s one to six of primary school declined because of the crisis. Indeed, the proportions of children completing levels 1 and 2 have fallen by 25% and those of children completing levels 3, 4 and 5 have decreased by 22%, 16% and 4% respectively
Sika, Glebelho Lazare. "Impact des allocations en ressources sur l'efficacité des écoles primaires en Côte d'Ivoire." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00620800.
Full textGuichard, Lucas. "Three Essays on the Economics of Migration." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAD008.
Full textThe questions around international migration, determined by economic and/or socio-political motives, regularly appear as an important and divisive topic in the political world, in public opinion or in the media. While attention towards this debate is relatively recent, the analysis of the causes and consequences of migration flows between countries has been addressed by economists and, more generally, by academia for many years. The three articles in this dissertation are in line with the economic literature on migration, while contributing to existing research on similar issues.In the first chapter, I examine the pattern of selection on education of asylum seekers recently arrived in Germany from five key source countries: Afghanistan, Albania, Iraq, Serbia, and Syria. The analysis relies on original individual-level data collected in Germany combined with surveys conducted at origin. The results reveal a positive pattern of selection on education for asylum seekers who were able to flee Iraq and Syria, and the selection is neutral for individuals seeking asylum from Afghanistan and negative for asylum seekers from Albania and Serbia. I provide an interpretation of these patterns based on differences in the expected length of stay at destination, the migration costs faced by asylum seekers to reach Germany, and the size of migration networks at destination.In the second chapter, we emphasize that acquiring information about destinations can be costly for migrants. We model information frictions in the rational inattention framework and obtain a closed-form expression for a migration gravity equation that we bring to the data. The model predicts that flows from countries with a higher cost of information or stronger priors are less responsive to variations in economic conditions in the various destinations, as migrants rationally get less information before deciding where to move. The econometric analysis reveals systematic heterogeneity in the pro-cyclical behaviour of migration flow across origins that is consistent with the existence of information frictions.In the third chapter, I attempt to provide an answer to the following question: does the adoption of a list of safe countries of origin influence the asylum applications lodged in OECD member states? I draw on a structural gravity model to derive an empirical migration equation that is brought to the data to estimate the direct effect of the list on the bilateral number of asylum claims. This, in turn, allows me to solve the structural model to quantify the externalities arising from a counter-factual experiment about the safe country policy. The empirical analysis reveals that the introduction of a list of safe source countries leads to a decrease of around 30% in the bilateral volume of asylum applications. The simulation exercise under an hypothetical change of the asylum policy suggests the presence of diversion effects on the sheer scale of asylum claims across both origin and destination countries
Raya, Katia. "Réseaux sociaux et communautés en ligne dans le paysage universitaire libanais (2018-20)." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUL107.
Full textTo face the challenges and strong competition of today, higher education has turned to the strategy of communication on social networks in order to retain their audience, improve their reputation and strengthen relations with the community through higher levels of engagement. The aim of this thesis is to understand this engagement of the university community on social networks. The research is initially interested in the study of key concepts related to its objective, namely, engagement, community and social media. Quantitative and qualitative empirical studies will be implemented using questionnaire and data mining methods. Statistical results, content analysis and community detection helped to understand the role of content strategy and the impact of community profile on engagement levels on posts created by major higher education institutions in Lebanon
Mwepu, Fyama Blaise. "Développement d'une méthodologie d'échange des métadonnées des objets numériques d'apprentissage pour une interopérabilité entre plates-formes d'elearning hétérogènes: cas de l'Université de Lubumbashi (R.D Congo) et ses partenaires belges." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209855.
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Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
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Marzin-Janvier, Patricia. "Comment donner du sens aux activités expérimentales ?" Habilitation à diriger des recherches, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00966001.
Full textMathieu, Audrey. "Processus de validation d’une base de données haute résolution dans une unité de soins intensifs pédiatriques." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24502.
Full textObjective: Our objective was to evaluate the data quality of our high-resolution electronic database (HRDB) implemented in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of HSJ. Design: A descriptive report and analysis of a prospective validation of a HRDB. Setting: A 32 beds pediatric medical, surgical and cardiac PICU in a tertiary care free-standing maternal-child health center in Canada. Population: All patients admitted to the PICU with at least one vital sign recorded using a cardiorespiratory monitor connected to the central monitoring station. Measurements and Main Results: Between June 2017 and August 2018, data from 295 patient days were recorded from medical devices and 4,645 data points were video recorded and compared to the corresponding data collected in the HSJ-PICU HRDB. Statistical analysis showed excellent overall correlation, agreement and reliability. Bland-Altman analysis showed excellent accuracy and precision between recorded and collected data within clinically significant pre-defined limits of agreement. Conclusions: This prospective validation study performed on a representative sample showed excellent overall data quality.
Duong, Thi Dan Thanh. "Modélisation, élaboration et évaluation de rapports à visée diagnostique des données du PIRLS 2011." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21829.
Full textMorin, Maxim. "Expérimentation de la cartographie conceptuelle comme dispositif de collecte de données en vue de l’évaluation des apprentissages." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21830.
Full textVoisin, Annelise. "Systèmes d’accountability basés sur la performance : types, logiques instrumentales et effets sur l’efficacité et l’équité scolaires des systèmes éducatifs d’Europe et du Canada. Une étude comparative à partir des données PISA 2012." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20060.
Full textLabé, A. Olivier. "Le redoublement, la réussite scolaire et l’objectif de la Scolarisation Primaire Universelle (SPU) d’ici à 2015 dans le cadre de l’Éducation Pour Tous (EPT) : cas du Sénégal à partir des données longitudinales du PASEC." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5948.
Full textThe Education for All is mobilizing the international community and national governments since 1990. This global commitment which was renewed in 2000 under the auspices of UNESCO and the United-Nations has set a basic goal: the universalization of a complete primary education for all school-age children by 2015. Several studies on the achievement of this goal show that developing countries are most at risk and that progress in many of these countries could have been higher if the practice of grade repetition was better regulated and controlled. This measure would contribute to the improvement of academic achievement and increase retention within the education systems. Indeed, grade repetition practice is a tradition in several education systems. It is particularly overwhelming in some groups of countries or regions, especially in Francophone sub-Saharan Africa. In these countries, the PASEC – «Programme d’Analyse des Systèmes Educatifs de la CONFEMEN (Conférence des Ministres de l’Éducation National des pays ayant le français en partage)» - works to improve access to quality education for all, by for example, informing policies on the national situation of grade repetition. This research on grade repetition, school success and the Universal Primary Education (UPE) goal favors the pedagogical dimension, the empirical analysis and studies the case of Senegal. It presents and discusses the international indicators for UPE goal monitoring, takes stock of current knowledge on grade repetition and academic achievement and shows the challenge that represents the realisation of UPE goal especially in Francophone sub-Saharan Africa countries. By using the existing 1995-2000 PASEC longitudinal survey data in Senegal, this research examines pupils’ school careers toward the realisation of UPE goal. Transversal and longitudinal analyses of grade repetition and learning achievement based on the pupil’s personal, family and school characteristics have been used. Results from these analyses show variabilities related especially to individual, classroom and school location factors. The longitudinal analysis of grade repetition is based on the school flowchart which allows the calculation of a set of indicators about the internal efficiency of Senegal education system. For the cohort studied, due to the high grades repetition and dropout rates, pupils are required, on average, 9.4 years of schooling to progress from the second to the sixth (final) grade of primary. Only 39% of the initial cohort survives to the last grade, which suggests that if this trend remains unchanged, Senegal would be at risk of not achieving the UPE goal. An assessment of the current situation based on more recent data would be required. The school flowchart is an educational planning tool. Thus, it represents an important lever for political authorities to act on education system parameters (parameters related to education quality, internal efficiency, etc.) in order to effectively attain specific objectives or milestones resulting, for example, to the achievement of the UPE goal.
Murphy, Maxime. "Les assortiments éducationnels des unions exogames immigrants-natifs à titre d’indicateur de stratification sociale; une étude exploratoire à partir de données canadiennes." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12003.
Full textUsing the 2006 Canadian census data, this thesis examines the educational assortative mating of exogamous couples formed of an immigrant and a native as an indicator of social stratification. First, results from multinomial logistic regression confirm the presence of exchange (status exchange: Merton 1941; Davis 1941) between natives and immigrants, meaning that an immigrant is more susceptible to have native spouse if his education level is higher than the native’s. These results support the existence of a social stratification between natives and immigrants. Second, the analysis reveals that exchange appears for immigrants of both sexes that have at least a bachelor degree, whereas for immigrants that are less educated, exchange is only apparent with men. Third, for immigrants of visible minorities, exchange is present for immigrant of first and second generation, whereas for immigrants who are not of a visible minorities, exchange only appears for first generation immigrants.
Gagnon, Vickie. "Dépistage du décrochage scolaire à l’aide d’informations administratives ou auto-rapportées." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13409.
Full textAdolescents who drop out of high school often struggle in a knowledge-based, technologically complex society and experience many adjustment problems in adolescence and adulthood. To prevent dropout, a crucial first step consists of correctly identifying students who are most at risk. Schools can rely on two types of screening tools to identify potential dropouts: based on self–reported questionnaire or based on administrative data. However, the predictive value of risk indices based on self-reported data has never been directly compared to that of indices calculated from administrative data. Moreover, the relative efficacy of different screening tools could be different according to the student gender. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy, for boys and girls, of two risk indices for high school dropout: a) a validated index based on a self-reported questionnaire (Archambault & Janosz, 2009) and b) an index based on administrative data and designed by a Quebec school board. The comparison of these two screening methods is made in term of psychometric properties and practicality for school practitioners. To do so, a sample of 1557 students (50% boys), between 14 and 18 years old is used. The results show that the administrative index has an adequate discriminant capacity, but that is lower than that of the self-reported index judged excellent. These results were not moderated by gender. The comparative advantages and disadvantages of both screening methods are discussed.
Henry, Josée. "Mise à l’essai d’une séquence d’apprentissage intégrant des chansons comme source primaire pour développer la compétence 2 : interpréter la réalité sociale à l’aide de la méthode historique." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13987.
Full textThis thesis presents the trial of a learning sequence including songs as primary sources to develop the competency-2 Interpret social realities by using the historical method. The Ministry of Education of Quebec and the scientific literature (Côté, 2008; and SAVED LENOIR, 2010; Turner-Bisset, 2001) expect that students who graduate from high school are able to reason from facts taken from sources available, including primary sources. We see three gaps in teaching practices: the small number of sources worked, the inequality of their interpretations and weak critical judgment skills (Byrom, 2005; Pickles, 2010; and Watson, 1998). Also, few cases use songs as a primary source. The learning sequence about the Second World War that the French teacher Sylvaine Moreau (2012) has made available on the Internet was used as a starting point for this testing. We adapted the teaching material to Quebec's school context after each classroom observations. Therefore, it is the “didactic engineering” approach that seems the most effective (Artigue, 1989; Harvey and Loiselle, 2009). Four teachers from Montreal agreed to be interviewed. They adapted the teaching material to their school needs. We observed them in their classrooms as they were teaching. All the students’ written answers were analyzed with the N'Vivo program. By exploring the qualitative data collected, we notice the small number of sources used. Most students’ answers referred only to what was seen in class, giving priority to some type of sources over others. Some steps were judged as “unnecessary” by some students and where not completed leading to weak criticism. Finally, we noted the inequality of interpretations related to a level of language barrier: metaphors and vocabulary seem to be a challenge.
Ouellet, Sébastien. "Environnement d’adaptation pour un jeu sérieux." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/16179.
Full textWe developed a serious game in order to teach users how to draw Lewis diagrams. We integrated an environment able to record in electroencephalographic signals, facial expressions, and pupil diameters to the serious game. The goal of this work is to determine whether such an environment enabled the serious game to detect in real-time whether or not the user needs help and adapt itself accordingly, and if the experience is more enjoyable for the users if the game tries to adapt itself. Results show that two approaches were promising in order to detect the level of help needed, both training a machine learning models but one using a general data set and the other a personalized (to the user) data set, with their respective performances being 53.4% and 67.5% compared to a chance baseline of 33.3%.
Chabot, Alexandre. "Évaluation qualitative des déterminants de l'utilisation des connaissances issues de la recherche par les enseignants d'écoles secondaires québécoises en milieu défavorisé." Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7448.
Full textTurgeon, Stéphanie. "L’analyse appliquée du comportement en autisme et ses enjeux : une évaluation du potentiel de la technologie pour améliorer la pratique et la recherche." Thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25604.
Full textAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant deficits in social communication and social interactions and by the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors or interests. Empirical evidence suggests that interventions based on applied behavior analysis (ABA) are the most effective for treating individuals with ASD. Nevertheless, interventions based on behavior analysis present some issues. In particular, intervention services are hard to access, knowledge about the underlying factors of the effectiveness of interventions is lacking and divergent perceptions about of ABA hamper the adoption of the science. This dissertation includes three studies in which technology is used to better understand or improve these issues regarding ABA. As part of my first study, the effects of a fully self-guided interactive web training (IWT) developed for teaching parents of children with ASD ABA-derived strategies to reduce their child's challenging behaviors were evaluated using a randomized waitlist trial. The results of this study support the effectiveness of the IWT for increasing the frequency of parents’ use of behavioral interventions as well as for reducing the frequency and severity of their child’s challenging behaviors. In contrast, no significant difference was observed for the measurement of parenting practices. Ethical and practical consideration regarding the dissemination of fully self-guided online trainings are discussed. The second study of my doctoral thesis aimed to show how to use machine learning algorithms to predict individuals who were most likely to improve following an intervention. Specifically, a demonstration of how to implement four machine learning algorithms to predict the participants from my first study who were the most likely to report a decrease in their child's iv challenging behaviors. This study argues that machine learning algorithms can be used with small samples to support clinicians’ and researchers’ decision making. The third study of my dissertation aimed to quantify the information about ABA published on four subforums of an internet forum; an online resource often used by families to identify potential interventions for their child. This goal was achieved through the use of a data mining procedure. The analyses showed that parents who visited the forum were exposed to a significant proportion of messages that disapproved of ABA for individuals with ASD or that inaccurately described its underlying principles, methods, procedures, or interventions. Together, the studies carried out as part of my doctoral dissertation highlight the benefits of technology to support assessments, interventions, and knowledge gains or transfer within psychosocial practices. As highlighted in the three studies of this dissertation, each of the tools used presents limitations and should therefore be used to support clinicians and researchers, and should not replace their interventions and clinical judgment. Future studies should continue to focus on the effectiveness of technological tools and on the underlying factors that will promote their use. Finally, researchers must reflect on the ethical considerations related to use of technology when working with humans.