Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dopplervelocimetria da artéria umbilical'
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Llanos, Isabel Cristina Franco Salem [UNESP]. "Dopplervelocimetria nas gestações complicadas por hiperglicemia: curva do índice de pulsatilidade da artéria umbilical." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/108647.
Full textConstruir uma curva de PI umbilical exclusiva de gestações complicadas por diabete melito (DM) ou hiperglicemia e compará-la com curvas de referência (Arduini e Rizzo, 1990; Sakamoto, 2007). Estudo longitudinal, onde foram incluídas 163 gestantes e excluídos os casos de gemelaridade, malformação, dificuldade técnica e menos de cinco consultas no pré-natal. Foram avaliados idade materna, índice de massa corporal (IMC) pré-gestacional, número de gestações e associação com tabagismo e hipertensão arterial (HA), além dos níveis de hemoglobina glicada (HbA1c) no final da gestação. No total, foram avaliadas 431 medidas de PI umbilical, entre 24 e 41 semanas de gestação. Para cada semana gestacional foram realizadas medidas de tendência central e de dispersão dos valores atribuídos e calculados os índices dos respectivos percentis (P5, 10, 25, 50 e 95). A correlação, a equação de predição e os intervalos de confiança (IC 95%) foram estimados por análise de regressão linear simples. Realizou-se comparação qualitativa por sobreposição das três curvas e, quantitativa, entre as curvas do estudo e de Sakamoto (2007). Adotou-se o limite de significância de 95% (p < 0,05). A equação de predição do PI umbilical foi expressa por [PI umb = 1,521 - 0,018* semana de gestação]. Os limites de P95 do PI umbilical evoluíram sempre abaixo dos limites da curva de referência de Arduini e Rizzo (1990) e apresentaram queda acentuada a partir da 37ª. semana, quando se confirmou diferença estatística em relação aos índices de Sakamoto (2007). Antes de sua proposição, outros estudos deverão validar a curva desenvolvida nesse estudo
To construct a curve PI umbilical exclusive of pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus (DM) or hyperglycemia and compare it with reference curves (Arduini and Rizzo, 1990; Sakamoto, 2007). A longitudinal study where 163 women were included and excluded cases of multiple births, malformations, technical difficulty and less than five prenatal visits. We assessed maternal age, body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy, number of pregnancies and is associated with smoking and hypertension (HA), and levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in late pregnancy. In total, 431 measurements were evaluated umbilical PI, between 24 and 41 weeks gestation. For each gestational week were performed measures of central tendency and dispersion values assigned and calculated indices of the respective percentiles (P5, 10, 25, 50 and 95). The correlation equation prediction and confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated by linear regression analysis. We carried out a qualitative comparison of the three curves overlap and quantitative study between the curves and Sakamoto (2007). The adopted threshold of significance of 95% (p <0.05).The prediction equation was expressed by umbilical PI [PI umb = 1.521 - 0.018 * week of pregnancy]. The limits of the P95 evolved umbilical PI always below the limits of the reference curve of Arduini ...
Llanos, Isabel Cristina Franco Salem. "Dopplervelocimetria nas gestações complicadas por hiperglicemia : curva do índice de pulsatilidade da artéria umbilical /." Botucatu, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/108647.
Full textCoorientador: Cláudia Garcia Magalhães
Banca: Marilza Vieira da Cunha Rudge
Banca: Roseli Mieko Yamamoto Nomura
Resumo: Construir uma curva de PI umbilical exclusiva de gestações complicadas por diabete melito (DM) ou hiperglicemia e compará-la com curvas de referência (Arduini e Rizzo, 1990; Sakamoto, 2007). Estudo longitudinal, onde foram incluídas 163 gestantes e excluídos os casos de gemelaridade, malformação, dificuldade técnica e menos de cinco consultas no pré-natal. Foram avaliados idade materna, índice de massa corporal (IMC) pré-gestacional, número de gestações e associação com tabagismo e hipertensão arterial (HA), além dos níveis de hemoglobina glicada (HbA1c) no final da gestação. No total, foram avaliadas 431 medidas de PI umbilical, entre 24 e 41 semanas de gestação. Para cada semana gestacional foram realizadas medidas de tendência central e de dispersão dos valores atribuídos e calculados os índices dos respectivos percentis (P5, 10, 25, 50 e 95). A correlação, a equação de predição e os intervalos de confiança (IC 95%) foram estimados por análise de regressão linear simples. Realizou-se comparação qualitativa por sobreposição das três curvas e, quantitativa, entre as curvas do estudo e de Sakamoto (2007). Adotou-se o limite de significância de 95% (p < 0,05). A equação de predição do PI umbilical foi expressa por [PI umb = 1,521 - 0,018* semana de gestação]. Os limites de P95 do PI umbilical evoluíram sempre abaixo dos limites da curva de referência de Arduini e Rizzo (1990) e apresentaram queda acentuada a partir da 37ª. semana, quando se confirmou diferença estatística em relação aos índices de Sakamoto (2007). Antes de sua proposição, outros estudos deverão validar a curva desenvolvida nesse estudo
Abstract: To construct a curve PI umbilical exclusive of pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus (DM) or hyperglycemia and compare it with reference curves (Arduini and Rizzo, 1990; Sakamoto, 2007). A longitudinal study where 163 women were included and excluded cases of multiple births, malformations, technical difficulty and less than five prenatal visits. We assessed maternal age, body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy, number of pregnancies and is associated with smoking and hypertension (HA), and levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in late pregnancy. In total, 431 measurements were evaluated umbilical PI, between 24 and 41 weeks gestation. For each gestational week were performed measures of central tendency and dispersion values assigned and calculated indices of the respective percentiles (P5, 10, 25, 50 and 95). The correlation equation prediction and confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated by linear regression analysis. We carried out a qualitative comparison of the three curves overlap and quantitative study between the curves and Sakamoto (2007). The adopted threshold of significance of 95% (p <0.05).The prediction equation was expressed by umbilical PI [PI umb = 1.521 - 0.018 * week of pregnancy]. The limits of the P95 evolved umbilical PI always below the limits of the reference curve of Arduini ...
Mestre
Silva, Simone Angélica Leite de Carvalho [UNESP]. "Dopplervelocimetria da artéria umbilical e controle glicêmico materno como marcadores de alterações vasculares e apoptóticas placentárias." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106364.
Full textO diabete associado à gravidez cursa com resultados perinatais adversos (RPNA), diretamente dependentes da qualidade do controle metabólico materno e da integridade da função placentária. O modelo hipóxico-metabólico, descrito para explicar a fisiopatologia dos RPNA nestas gestações pode estar relacionado a diferentes vias de atuação no trofoblasto. Estes conceitos são relativamente novos e ainda pouco abordados na literatura. Assim, o objetivo dessa revisão foi explorar as relações entre a hiperglicemia materna e marcadores da angiogênese placentária, assim como marcadores de possíveis vias envolvidas neste processo. De interesse, as vias relacionadas à inflamação e/ou proliferação e à apoptose celular, potencialmente relacionadas aos processos de hipóxia intrauterina, característica de gestações complicadas por hiperglicemia não controlada. Para tal, foram selecionados marcadores de atuação no trofoblasto, entre eles, o fator de proliferação do endotélio vascular (VEGF); a enzima cicloxigenase (COX-2), marcador da inflamação e, também, da regeneração e proliferação celular, e a enzima proteolítica da família das caspases (CASPASE-3), marcador de células em apoptose. Como estratégia utilizou-se de pesquisa, definida por palavras-chaves de interesse, em bases de dados de acesso público (Lilacs, Scielo, Pubmed/Medline, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde/Bireme e Biblioteca Cochrane, entre outras), além da pesquisa manual em livros de textos específicos. Para a seleção do material bibliográfico considerou-se aspectos relativos ao método dos estudos, à aplicabilidade clínica dos resultados e à qualidade das informações, destacando no texto os níveis de evidência científica das respectivas fontes
Diabete associated with pregnancy progresses with adverse perinatal outcomes (RPNA), directly dependent on the quality of maternal metabolic control and integrity of the placental function. The hypoxic metabolic model, described to explain the pathophysiology of RPNA in these pregnancies may be related to different ways of acting in the trophoblast. These concepts are relatively new and still little discussed in the literature. The objective of this review was to explore the relationship between maternal hyperglycemia and markers of placental angiogenesis, as well as markers of possible pathways involved in this process. Interestingly, the pathways related to inflammation and / or proliferation and cell apoptosis, potentially related to the processes of intrauterine hypoxia, a feature of pregnancies complicated by uncontrolled hyperglycemia. To this end, we selected markers of activity in the trophoblast, among them the proliferation of endothelial factor (VEGF), the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX- 2), a marker of inflammation and also of regeneration and cell proliferation, and proteolytic enzyme family of caspases (CASPASE-3), a marker of cells undergoing apoptosis. As a strategy used to search, defined as keywords of interest in databases with public access (Lilacs, SciELO, PubMed / Medline, Virtual Health Library / BIREME, Cochrane, among others), and the manual search books on specific texts. For the selection of bibliographical material considered aspects of the method of study, the clinical applicability of results and quality of information, highlighting text in the levels of scientific evidence of their sources
Silva, Simone Angélica Leite de Carvalho. "Dopplervelocimetria da artéria umbilical e controle glicêmico materno como marcadores de alterações vasculares e apoptóticas placentárias /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106364.
Full textAbstract: Diabete associated with pregnancy progresses with adverse perinatal outcomes (RPNA), directly dependent on the quality of maternal metabolic control and integrity of the placental function. The hypoxic metabolic model, described to explain the pathophysiology of RPNA in these pregnancies may be related to different ways of acting in the trophoblast. These concepts are relatively new and still little discussed in the literature. The objective of this review was to explore the relationship between maternal hyperglycemia and markers of placental angiogenesis, as well as markers of possible pathways involved in this process. Interestingly, the pathways related to inflammation and / or proliferation and cell apoptosis, potentially related to the processes of intrauterine hypoxia, a feature of pregnancies complicated by uncontrolled hyperglycemia. To this end, we selected markers of activity in the trophoblast, among them the proliferation of endothelial factor (VEGF), the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX- 2), a marker of inflammation and also of regeneration and cell proliferation, and proteolytic enzyme family of caspases (CASPASE-3), a marker of cells undergoing apoptosis. As a strategy used to search, defined as keywords of interest in databases with public access (Lilacs, SciELO, PubMed / Medline, Virtual Health Library / BIREME, Cochrane, among others), and the manual search books on specific texts. For the selection of bibliographical material considered aspects of the method of study, the clinical applicability of results and quality of information, highlighting text in the levels of scientific evidence of their sources
Orientador: Iracema de Mattos Paranhos Calderon
Coorientador: Renée Laufer Amorim
Banca: Débora Cristina Damasceno
Banca: Belmiro Gonçalves Pereira
Banca: Estela Maris Forell Bevillacqua
Banca: Olimpio Barbosa de Moraes Filho
Doutor
Niigaki, Juliana Ikeda. "Dopplervelocimetria da artéria cerebral média fetal na predição da acidemia no nascimento em gestações com insuficiência placentária." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-08042014-090931/.
Full textObjectives: To evaluate the relationship between middle cerebral artery (MCA) parameters and acidemia at birth, in pregnancies complicated by placental insufficiency. Methods: The study was performed as a prospective cross-sectional analysis of Doppler measurements in 91 patients with the diagnosis of placental dysfunction by abnormal umbilical artery (UA) Doppler (pulsatility index [PI] > p95). Inclusion criteria were: singleton pregnancy, intact membranes, abscence of fetal congenital or chromosomal abnormalities. The Doppler parameters analyzed were: UA PI, MCA PI, MCA peak systolic velocity (PSV), cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) and pulsatilility index for veins (PIV) of ductus venosus (DV). It was analyzed the last assessment obtained right before birth or the antenatal steroids. Umbical artey blood samples were collected at birth, and acidemia was defined as pH below 7.20. Results: Forty seven (51.6%) newborns had acidemia at birth. Those who developed acidemia showed a UA PI z-score significantly higher (median 2.1 vs 1.7, p = 0.014), as well as a higher proportion of cases with absent or reverse end diastolic flow (51.0% vs 31.8%, p = 0.006). Regarding the MAC, the PI z-score was significantly lower in cases with pH < 7.20 (median -2.7 vs. -2.1, p = 0.042), but concerning PSV z-score, no significant relation between the groups could be established (p = 0.051).The acidemia at birth was associated with lower values of CPR (median 0.5 vs 0.7, p = 0.006), but not with its z-score (p = 0.055). In relation to the venous territory, greater values of DV PIV z-score were associated with acidemia (median 2.4 vs 0.6, p = 0.015).The correlation analysis between the pH values at birth and the Doppler measurements, a significant correlation was observed between the pH at birth and UA PI z-score (rho = -0.31, p = 0.003 ), MCA PI z-score (rho = 0.26, p = 0.012), CPR z-score (rho 0.25, p = 0.015), PIV DV zscore (rho = -0.32, p = 0.002), and PSV MCA MoM (rho = -0.21, p = 0.042). Logistic regression identified the UA PI z-score and the MCA PI z-score as independent predictors for acidemia at birth, correctly classifying 67.03% of cases. Conclusion: In pregnancies with placental insufficiency, the UA PI and the MCA PI are independent predictors associated with acidemia at birth. This study reinforces that the degree of placental insufficiency and the fetal adaptation capacity are directly related to acidemia at birth
Garavazzo, Sckarlet Ernandes Biancolin. "Resultados perinatais de fetos gemelares com discordância de peso e dopplervelocimetria da arteria umbilical com fluxo diastólico presente." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-28032018-112410/.
Full textOBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the perinatal outcome between fetal weight discordance (FwD) with fetal weight concordant (FwC) twins, with umbilical artery (UA) Doppler with positive end-diastolic flow, according to chorionicity. METHODS: This was a retrospective case-control study of twin pregnancy over an 11-year period in a tertiary referral center. For each FwD, it was selected 2 controls of FwC matched for gestational age at delivery and chorionicity. The inclusion criteria were: estimated fetal weight (EFW) discordance >= 20%, UA Doppler with positive end-diastolic flow, absence of fetal malformation or chromosomal abnormalities, known chorionicity, diamniotic pregnancies, both fetuses alive at the first assessment, absence of monochorionic (MC) complications, delivery in our institution. The perinatal outcomes considered were: birth weigh (BW), length of hospital stay (LOS), admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), length of NICU stay, need for ventilator support, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), hypoglycemia (Hp), jaundice (JD), necrotizing enterocolitis (NE), sepsis (SP), intrauterine and neonatal death. Perinatal outcome of the smaller and larger twin comparisons between FwD with FwC were analyzed according to chorionicity. In addition, perinatal outcome from smaller twin was compared between FwD with FwC with and without fetal growth restriction (FGR). RESULTS: A total of 14 pregnancies with FwD and 28 with FwC of MC twin and 38 pregnancies with FwD and 76 with FwC of dichorionic (DC) twin were selected. According to chorionicity, in MC FwD group, the smaller twin presented presented longer LOS (30.60 ± 20.19 vs 10.68 ± 11.64 days, P < 0.001), higher frequency of SP (21.4% vs 0%; P=0.032; OR=23.42) and JD (78.6% vs 28.6%; P=0.003; OR=9.17) compared to smaller FwC twin; whereas in DC FwD group, smaller twin presented higher frequency of SP (10.5% vs 1.3%; P=0.042; OR=8.82), Hp (15.8% vs 3.9%; P=0.003; OR=4.56), NE (5.3% vs 0%; P=0.044; RC=20.63) and JD (57.9% vs 28.9%, P=0.003; OR=3.38) compared to smaller FwC twin. FGR in the smaller MC twin was observed in 71.4% (n=10) and in the smaller DC twin, 55.3% (n=21). Twin pregnancies without FGR had similar frequency of neonatal morbidity in discordant and concordant groups, excepted for the lower BW in FwD DC twins (2167.35 vs 2339.68g, P=0.026). CONCLUSION: Regardless chorionicity, perinatal morbidity is increased in the smaller discordant twin with UA Doppler with positive end-diastolic flow, compared to concordant smaller twin. Probably the FGR is responsible to complicate the perinatal outcome of smaller discordant twin
Alves, Sâmia Kiara de Albuquerque. "Relação da dopplervelocimetria do ducto venoso com resultados pós-natais em gestações com diástole zero ou reversa nas artérias umbilicais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-10082010-163812/.
Full textObjective: This study was undertaken to analyze the relation between absent or reverse flow during atrial contraction in the ductus venosus on the day of delivery in pregnancies complicated by absent or reversed end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery and postnatal outcome. Methods: Postnatal outcome of 103 pregnant women with absent or reversed end-diastolic flow (ARED flow) in the umbilical arteries was retrospectively analyzed from January 1997 to December 2004. In this study, only singleton pregnancies that did not take prenatal steroids and with no fetal anomalies were included. The outcome was analyzed in two groups: Group A (n=20), fetuses with absent or reversed ductus venosus flow during the A-wave and group B (n=83) fetuses with a positive flow. After delivery, the following immediate neonatal outcomes of interest were obtained: gestational age at the time of delivery, 1-and 5-minute Apgar scores, umbilical artery pH and base excess, birth weight, need of orotraqueal intubation, and referral to the neonatal intensive care unit. We have also analyzed the incidence of fetal growth restriction, hyaline membrane disease, pneumotorax, lung hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary displasia, persistence of the arterial channel, sepses, necrotizing enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity, fetal plaquetopenia, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, abnormal neurological exam within 24 hours of life, intracranial hemorrhage, seizures, length of hospitalization, postnatal deaths and its causes. Data were compared by chi-square, Fisher\'s exact test and a Mann-Whitney U test, and the level of significance adopted was of 5%. Results: All newborns were delivered by cesarean section. The average gestational age at birth was 30 weeks in group A and 30,9 in group B (P= 0.23). Fetuses of the group A presented lower birth weight (831g vs 1105g, P< 0.001), lower Apgar score at first (85% vs 20%, P= 0.001), and at fifth minutes (45% vs 10.7%, P =0.001), higher incidence of orotraqueal intubation (100% vs 48.1%, P= 0.001) than fetuses of group B. Group A had also more cases of acidosis (93% vs 36%, P<0.001), lung hemorrhage (40% vs 16,8%, P=0,03), plaquetopenia (65% vs 37.3%, P=0.02), hypoglycemia (85% vs 56.6%, P=0.01), intracranial hemorrhage (52.6% vs 26.3%, P=0.02) and postnatal death (65% vs 26.5%, P=0.007). Conclusion: Ductus venous Doppler can supply additional information regarding the better time to deliver pregnant women with earlier gestational age and with absent or reversed end-diastolic flow (ARED flow) in the umbilical artery.
Machado, Rita de Cássia Alam. "Gestação gemelar monocoriônica e diamniótica com restrição de crescimento fetal seletiva e não seletiva: morbidade e mortalidade perinatais em relação aos padrões de dopplervelocimetria da artéria umbilical." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-12062013-120431/.
Full textMonochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies have and increased risk for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and perinatal complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate perinatal morbidity and mortality in MCDA twin pregnancies: in the presence of IUGR with normal and abnormal umbilical artery dopplervelocimetry; in different umbilical artery flow patterns (normal dopplervelocimetry, increased pulsatility index, intermittent flow pattern, absent end diastolic flow and reversed end diastolic flow) and in the presence of selective and non-selective IUGR. This was a retrospective study in the Multiple Pregnancy Unit at the Obstetric Clinic of HCFMUSP, between 2004 and 2011. The study included 48 twin pregnancies, where 60 fetuses weighted less than the 10th percentile according to twins charts. Cases with fetal malformation (n=36) or twin to twin transfusion syndrome (n=43) were not included in the study. The group with IUGR and abnormal umbilical artery Doppler presented lower mean gestational age at delivery (33.39 versus 35.48, p <0.001), lower mean birthweight (1137.12 g versus 1675.77 g, p < 0.001), higher need of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU, 69.23% versus 19.23%, p = 0.0003), higher frequency of respiratory disease (73.08 versus 34.62, p = 0.005) and higher incidence of intrauterine and neonatal death (p = 0.025). In the different umbilical artery flow patterns (normal dopplervelocimetry, increased pulsatility index, intermittent flow pattern, absent end diastolic flow and reversed end diastolic flow) the group differ in relation to gestational age at delivery (35.48; 34.22; 33.33; 33.15 and 32.45 weeks; p < 0.001), need of NICU (19.23; 50.00; 50.00; 85.71 and 100,00%; p < 0.001) and alive at hospital discharge (96.15; 100,00; 83.33; 71.43 and 25,00%; p < 0.001). The group with reversed and diastolic flow presented the worse perinatal outcome. In the selective and non-selective IUGR groups, no difference was observed in relation to gestational age at delivery (33.4 versus 33.4 weeks, p = 0.953), however there was higher need for orotracheal intubation (62.5% versus 32.3%, p = 0.001) and mechanical ventilation (75.0% versus 41.2%, p = 0.0006) in the selective IUGR group. Abnormal umbilical artery Doppler such as increased pulsatility index, intermittent blood flow, absent and reversed flow were more frequent in the selective IUGR group (p = 0.005). As conclusion, the study demonstrated higher perinatal morbidity and mortality in the IUGR group with abnormal umbilical artery Doppler with significant difference in relation to Doppler patterns and the worse outcome was related to reversed diastolic flow pattern. The selective IUGR group presents higher frequency of abnormal umbilical artery dopplervelocimetry and neonatal morbidity compared to non- selective IUGR group
Matias, Denise Silva. "Valor Preditor da Dopplervelocimetria da Artéria Oftálmica em Relação ao Desenvolvimento de Pré-eclâmpsia." Escola de Medicina e Saúde Pública, 2014. http://www7.bahiana.edu.br//jspui/handle/bahiana/41.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2015-04-10T00:27:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Denise Silva Matias.pdf: 1477452 bytes, checksum: a1d1e3a7baddaa42bd187f0881bfd705 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-13
A pré-eclâmpsia permanece como uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade materna e perinatal em todo o mundo. Predizer acuradamente mulheres que estão em risco de desenvolver pré-eclâmpsia é de fundamental importância na prática clínica, mas poucos testes têm se mostrado úteis na investigação pré-natal. A Dopplervelocimetria da artéria oftálmica (AO) poderia ser implementada na prática clínica como um adjuvante na predição da pré-eclâmpsia, entretanto o seu valor preditor ainda não foi testado em estudos controlados. Objetivos: 1- Testar a hipótese de que a Dopplervelocimetria da artéria oftálmica materna prediz o desenvolvimento de pré-eclâmpsia de forma independente de preditores clínicos; 2- Descrever o valor prognóstico incremental da Dopplervelocimetria da artéria oftálmica em relação a um modelo de predição clínica; 3- Descrever os valores dos parâmetros Dopplervelocimétricos da artéria oftálmica de gestantes com fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de pré-eclâmpsia, no segundo trimestre, comparando-os com valores de referência descritos para gestantes normais; 4- Avaliar a influência da idade gestacional sobre os parâmetros Doppler. Métodos: Coorte prospectiva envolvendo 347 mulheres entre 20 e 28 semanas de gestação, média de idade de 25 ± 9,3 anos, com pelo menos um fator de risco para pré-eclâmpsia, oriundas do ambulatório de pré-natal do Instituto de Perinatologia da Bahia. Foram mensurados sete parâmetros Doppler da artéria oftálmica, comparados com valores de referência previamente descritos para gestantes normais e avaliados quanto ao valor prognóstico em relação ao desenvolvimento de pré-eclâmpsia: pico de velocidade sistólica e mesodiastólica (PVS, PVMD), velocidade média e diastólica final (VM, VDF), índices de resistência e pulsatilidade (IR, IP) e razão entre os picos de velocidade (RPV). Resultados: A incidência de pré-eclâmpsia na amostra estudada foi de 12%, correspondendo a 40 casos.Cinco dos sete parâmetros avaliados apresentaram valores estatisticamente diferentes quando comparadas mulheres com e sem pré-eclâmpsia: PVS, VDF, VM, PVMD e RPV. Quando colocados conjuntamente em modelo multivariado, apenas PVMD apresentou predição independente. A capacidade discriminatória deste parâmetro na predição de pré-eclâmpsia foi moderada, com estatística-C de 0,73 (IC de 95%, 0.66-0.81). O melhor ponto de corte foi PVMD> 22,11 cm/s, com sensibilidade de 70% e especificidade de 75%. A inclusão deste parâmetro Doppler em modelo multivariado contendo marcadores clínicos promoveu incremento da capacidade discriminatória do modelo, com aumento da estatística-C de 0,72 para 0,78 (P= 0,03). Em relação ao objetivo 3, sendo este um estudo preliminar, o tamanho amostral foi constituído de 274 gestantes. Os valores dos parâmetros Dopplervelocimétricos da artéria oftálmica da população estudada foram significativamente mais elevados do que os valores de referência. Não há influência da idade gestacional sobre os parâmetros Doppler no segundo trimestre. Conclusões: Em gestantes com fatores de risco para pré-eclâmpsia no segundo trimestre, os valores dos parâmetros Doppler são significativamente maiores que os de pacientes com gestação de evolução normal. Estes parâmetros não variam com a evolução da gestação. A elevação do PVMD da artéria oftálmica no segundo trimestre da gestação é um preditor independente de pré-eclâmpsia e incrementa a capacidade discriminatória em predizer pré-eclâmpsia, quando associado a marcadores clínicos.
Silva, Netto José Paulo da [UNESP]. "Doppervelocimetria da artéria oftálmica nas formas precoce e tardia da pré-eclâmpsia." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/142969.
Full textIntrodução: A pré-eclâmpsia contribui consideravelmente para o aumento da morbimortalidade materna e perinatal. Pode ser classificada em precoce e tardia, de acordo com a época de seu aparecimento. O Doppler da artéria oftálmica é um método objetivo que pode facilitar o diagnóstico da hipertensão durante a gestação, identificando suas diferentes formas de manifestação. Objetivo: Diferenciar, por meio do Doppler da artéria oftálmica, o padrão hemodinâmico da artéria oftálmica das gestantes portadoras de pré-eclâmpsia precoce daquelas portadoras de pré-eclâmpsia tardia. Metodologia: Estudo transversal de 67 gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia precoce e 93 gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia tardia realizado no terceiro trimestre de gestação. Todas as gestantes realizaram Doppler da artéria oftálmica direita, que avaliou os seguintes parâmetros, para quantificação da onda de velocidade de fluxo: índice de resistência (IR), índice de pulsatilidade (IP), pico de velocidade sistólica (PVS), pico de velocidade diastólica (PVD), velocidade diastólica final (VDF) e razão entre picos de velocidade (RPV). Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística, considerando-se significativos quando p<0,05. Resultados: As médias dos índices dopplervelocimétricos das gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia precoce e pré-eclâmpsia tardia foram respectivamente: IR= 0,7 ± 0,1; 0,7 ± 0,1, IP= 1,3 ± 0,4; 1,4 ± 1,1, PVS: 33,2 ± 8,2; 34,3 ± 10,0, PVD: 26,5 ± 8,1; 25,5 ± 9,4, VDF: 11,2 ± 3,8; 11,7 ± 4,6 e RPV: 0,8 ± 0,2; 0,7 ± 0,2. A razão de pico de velocidade foi significativamente maior nas gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia precoce. Não houve diferença significativa em relação aos valores de índice de resistência, índice de pulsatilidade, pico de velocidade sistólica, pico de velocidade diastólica e velocidade diastólica final. Conclusão: O Doppler da artéria oftálmica é um exame que pode ser usado na avaliação de...
Introduction: Preeclampsia contributes considerably to increased maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. This disease can be classified into early and late onset preeclampsia, according to the timing of their clinical manifestations appearance. The ophthalmic artery Doppler is an objective method that can facilitate the diagnosis of hypertension during pregnancy, identifying its different manifestations. Objective: Differentiate through the Doppler of the ophthalmic artery the hemodynamic pattern of the ophthalmic artery of early and late onset preeclampsia. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 67 pregnant women with early preeclampsia and 93 pregnant women with late preeclampsia performed in the third trimester of pregnancy. All women had performed the right ophthalmic artery Doppler that evaluated the following parameters for the quantification wave flow rate: resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), peak systolic velocity (PSV), peak diastolic velocity (PVD), end-diastolic velocity (EDV) and peak velocity ratio (RPV). The results were subjected to statistical analysis, considering significant when p <0.05. Results: The mean Doppler indices of early and late onset preeclampsia were: RI = 0.7 ± 0.1 vs 0.7 ± 0.1, IP= 1.3 ± 0.4 vs 1.4 ± 1.1, PVS: 33.2 ± 8.2 vs 34.3 ± 10.0, PVD: 26.5 ± 8.1 vs 25.5 ± 9.4, VDF: 11.2 ± 3.8 vs 11.7 ± 4.6 and RPV: 0.8 ± 0.2 vs 0.7 ± 0.2. The speed of peak ratio was significantly higher in patients with early preeclampsia. There was no significant difference in terms of resistance index values, pulsatility index, peak systolic velocity, peak diastolic velocity and end diastolic velocity. Conclusion: The Doppler of the ophthalmic artery is a test that can be used in the evaluation of pregnant women with preeclampsia, showing difference in quantitative indices such as peak velocity ratio when comparing women with early and late onset preeclampsia
Silva, Netto José Paulo da. "Doppervelocimetria da artéria oftálmica nas formas precoce e tardia da pré-eclâmpsia /." Botucatu, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/142969.
Full textBanca: Roberto Antonio de Araújo Costa
Banca: Claudia Garcia Magalhães
Banca: Alberto Moreno Zaconeta
Banca: Roseli Mieko Yamamoto Nomura
Resumo: Introdução: A pré-eclâmpsia contribui consideravelmente para o aumento da morbimortalidade materna e perinatal. Pode ser classificada em precoce e tardia, de acordo com a época de seu aparecimento. O Doppler da artéria oftálmica é um método objetivo que pode facilitar o diagnóstico da hipertensão durante a gestação, identificando suas diferentes formas de manifestação. Objetivo: Diferenciar, por meio do Doppler da artéria oftálmica, o padrão hemodinâmico da artéria oftálmica das gestantes portadoras de pré-eclâmpsia precoce daquelas portadoras de pré-eclâmpsia tardia. Metodologia: Estudo transversal de 67 gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia precoce e 93 gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia tardia realizado no terceiro trimestre de gestação. Todas as gestantes realizaram Doppler da artéria oftálmica direita, que avaliou os seguintes parâmetros, para quantificação da onda de velocidade de fluxo: índice de resistência (IR), índice de pulsatilidade (IP), pico de velocidade sistólica (PVS), pico de velocidade diastólica (PVD), velocidade diastólica final (VDF) e razão entre picos de velocidade (RPV). Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística, considerando-se significativos quando p<0,05. Resultados: As médias dos índices dopplervelocimétricos das gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia precoce e pré-eclâmpsia tardia foram respectivamente: IR= 0,7 ± 0,1; 0,7 ± 0,1, IP= 1,3 ± 0,4; 1,4 ± 1,1, PVS: 33,2 ± 8,2; 34,3 ± 10,0, PVD: 26,5 ± 8,1; 25,5 ± 9,4, VDF: 11,2 ± 3,8; 11,7 ± 4,6 e RPV: 0,8 ± 0,2; 0,7 ± 0,2. A razão de pico de velocidade foi significativamente maior nas gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia precoce. Não houve diferença significativa em relação aos valores de índice de resistência, índice de pulsatilidade, pico de velocidade sistólica, pico de velocidade diastólica e velocidade diastólica final. Conclusão: O Doppler da artéria oftálmica é um exame que pode ser usado na avaliação de...
Abstract: Introduction: Preeclampsia contributes considerably to increased maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. This disease can be classified into early and late onset preeclampsia, according to the timing of their clinical manifestations appearance. The ophthalmic artery Doppler is an objective method that can facilitate the diagnosis of hypertension during pregnancy, identifying its different manifestations. Objective: Differentiate through the Doppler of the ophthalmic artery the hemodynamic pattern of the ophthalmic artery of early and late onset preeclampsia. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 67 pregnant women with early preeclampsia and 93 pregnant women with late preeclampsia performed in the third trimester of pregnancy. All women had performed the right ophthalmic artery Doppler that evaluated the following parameters for the quantification wave flow rate: resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), peak systolic velocity (PSV), peak diastolic velocity (PVD), end-diastolic velocity (EDV) and peak velocity ratio (RPV). The results were subjected to statistical analysis, considering significant when p <0.05. Results: The mean Doppler indices of early and late onset preeclampsia were: RI = 0.7 ± 0.1 vs 0.7 ± 0.1, IP= 1.3 ± 0.4 vs 1.4 ± 1.1, PVS: 33.2 ± 8.2 vs 34.3 ± 10.0, PVD: 26.5 ± 8.1 vs 25.5 ± 9.4, VDF: 11.2 ± 3.8 vs 11.7 ± 4.6 and RPV: 0.8 ± 0.2 vs 0.7 ± 0.2. The speed of peak ratio was significantly higher in patients with early preeclampsia. There was no significant difference in terms of resistance index values, pulsatility index, peak systolic velocity, peak diastolic velocity and end diastolic velocity. Conclusion: The Doppler of the ophthalmic artery is a test that can be used in the evaluation of pregnant women with preeclampsia, showing difference in quantitative indices such as peak velocity ratio when comparing women with early and late onset preeclampsia
Doutor
Lamberty, Clarissa Oliveira. "Avaliação da eficácia da ultrassonografia no primeiro trimestre gestacional para detecção de artéria umbilical única." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-21122010-121420/.
Full textObjective: To calculate the predictive values of first gestational trimester ultrasonography for detection of single umbilical artery. Assess the relation of ultrasound markers of chromosomal disease in the first trimester (nuchal translucency, nasal bone and ductus venosus) in addition to gestational age at exam, CRL, fetal gender, measurement of fetal bladder, morphological alterations and BMI of a pregnant woman, with accuracy of diagnosis in the first trimester. Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted from November 2007 to September 2009 encompassing 1564 pregnant women submitted to ultrasound imaging for umbilical cord assessment between the 11 and 13 weeks and six days. Later they underwent evaluation of the umbilical cord by ultrasound performed in the second or third trimesters. Consistency of SUA diagnosis in the first trimester was verified with that of the second trimester by calculating the Kaplan coefficient. The Chi-square and Fisher\'s exact tests were used to verify if there was an association between accuracy of ultrasonography of the first trimester and the variables of ultrasonography and those of the pregnant woman (nuchal translucency, nasal bone, ductus venosus, gestational age at exam, CRL, fetal gender, measurement of fetal bladder and morphological alterations as well as pregnant woman\'s BMI). Results: SUA diagnoses in the first and second trimester disclosed moderate consistency (Kaplan=0.609) while sensitivity of first trimester ultrasound in relation to that of the second trimester was of 76% and specificity was of 99%, positive predictive value was of 51.6% and negative predictive value was of 99.6%. Accuracy was of 98.7%. Among the analyzed variables, fetal gender was the only one with a statistical significance that might bear influence on first trimester ultrasound accuracy for detection of SUA. Conclusion: Sensitivity of the first trimester ultrasound for detection of SUA is of 76%, that is to say, lower than that observed in the second or third trimesters
Freitas, Marta Alves de [UNESP]. "Dopplervelocimetria da artéria oftálmica em gestantes pré-eclâmpticas com recém-nascidos portadores de restrição de crescimento." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139323.
Full textIntrodução: Dentre as síndromes hipertensivas que acometem a gestação, a pré-eclâmpsia (PE) é a principal causa de mortalidade e morbidade materna a curto e longo prazo, e de complicações perinatais como prematuridade, restrição do crescimento e óbito. O exame de fundo de olho reflete as alterações decorrentes do vasoespasmo sistêmico, alteração básica na fisiopatologia da doença. O Doppler das artérias oftálmicas é um exame reprodutível e não invasivo, constituindo-se em um método objetivo que diferencia as formas de manifestação da hipertensão entre si, aprimora a compreensão da fisiopatologia da pré-eclâmpsia e identifica a gravidade da doença, diretamente relacionada com o comprometimento do sistema nervoso central. Objetivo: Identificar se existe relação entre as alterações verificadas no Doppler da artéria oftálmica de gestantes portadoras de PE e a ocorrência de restrição de crescimento fetal. Sujeitos e métodos: Realizou-se estudo de corte transversal em uma população de 75 gestantes com diagnóstico de PE, que tiveram a resolução da gestação no Hospital Regional do Gama - Distrito Federal e cujos recém-nascidos foram classificados de acordo com a adequação do peso para a idade gestacional (PIG - pequeno para a idade gestacional e não PIG), segundo a tabela de Lubchenco. O exame dopplervelocimétrico da artéria oftálmica foi realizado em equipamento Toshiba Nemio 17, com transdutor linear na frequência de 10 MHz, determinando-se os seguintes parâmetros: índice de resistência (IR), índice de pulsatilidade (IP), pico de velocidade sistólica (PVS), velocidade diastólica final (VDF) e razão entre picos de velocidade (RPV). A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando os métodos ANOVA e Qui-quadrado. Os resultados foram considerados estatisticamente significativos quando apresentaram valores de p <0,05. Resultados: A análise das características clínicas maternas, segundo...
Introduction: Among hypertensive disorders that affect pregnancy, preeclampsia (PE) is the leading cause of mortality in short and long-term maternal morbidity and also perinatal complications such as premature birth, growth restriction and death. The examination of eye reflects changes arising from systemic vasospasm, a basic change in the disease pathophysiology. The Doppler of ophthalmic arteries is a reproducible and noninvasive, thus becoming an objective method that sets the manifestations of hypertension among themselves, enhances the understanding of the preeclampsia pathophysiology and identifies the severity of the disease, directly related to the central nervous system compromising. Objective: To identify if there is a relationship between changes in the Doppler of the ophthalmic artery of pregnant women with PE and the occurrence of fetal growth restriction. Subjects and Methods: Across sectional study in a population of 75 pregnant women with a diagnosis of PE, who had pregnancy resolution at Regional Hospital of Gama - Federal District and whose newborns were classified according to their weight for gestational age (SGA - small for gestational age and not SGA) according to Lubchenco table. The dopplervelocimetry of the ophthalmic artery was performed in 17 Nemio Toshiba equipment with linear transducer in the frequency of 10 MHz and, the following parameters were determined: resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), systolic velocity peak(SVP), end-diastolic velocity (EDV) and velocity ratio peak (VRP). Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA and Chi-square test. The results were considered statistically significant with p values <0.05. Results: Analysis of maternal clinical characteristics, according to the newborns classification (Not SGA and SGA), showed no significant difference in maternal age (27.7+6.8 years vs 29.5+7, 4 years), parity (48.2% vs 50%) and the rate of cesarean delivery (84.7% vs 100%). ...
Freitas, Márcia Aires Rodrigues de. "Dopplervelocimetria da Artéria Oftálmica em Gestantes Portadoras de Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico Sem Atividade de Doença Renal." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2009. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/12671.
Full textObjetivo: Analisar os padrões dopplervelocimétricos da artéria oftálmica em gestantes portadoras de LES, sem doença renal em atividade, em relação às mulheres não-grávidas com LES sem atividade de doença renal e grávidas normais. Determinar a associação entre o tempo de evolução do LES e os padrões dopplervelocimétricos da artéria oftálmica de mulheres gestantes e não-grávidas portadoras de LES sem atividade de doença renal. Métodos: Estudo observacional que analisou o padrão Doppler da artéria oftálmica de 20 grávidas normais, 10 gestantes com LES e 17 mulheres não-grávidas com LES. As variáveis analisadas foram os índices de pulsatilidade e resistência (IP, IR), os picos de velocidade sistólico e diastólica (PVS, PVD) e a razão entre picos de velocidade (RPV). Para comparação dos índices Doppler utilizou-se o teste de variância (ANOVA) e prova pós-análise de Tukey. Para avaliar a correlação entre o tempo de evolução de LES no grupo de gestantes e não-grávidas com as variáveis dopplervelocimétricos da artéria oftálmica utilizou-se o Coeficiente de Correlação Linear de Pearson. Adotouse o intervalo de confiança de 95% (p< 0,05) para os testes estatísticos. Resultados: Não houve diferenças significativas entre as médias dos índices Doppler entre os dois grupos de pacientes com LES, exceto pelo PVS (p=0,026). Porém quando comparadas às médias do IR, IP, VDF e RPV das artérias oftálmicas entre os grupos de grávidas normais e gestantes com LES observou-se diferenças significativas (p=0,010; p=0,019; p=0,050; p=0,044, respectivamente). Os índices IR e IP, nos dois grupos de mulheres com LES, demonstraram valores inferiores aos encontrados no grupo de grávidas normais. Já a RPV e VDF, nos dois grupos de mulheres com LES, apresentaram valores superiores aos encontrados no grupo de grávidas normais. Não houve correlação significativa entre o tempo de evolução do LES e as variáveis dopplervelocimétricas IP, IR, PVS, VDF, RPV para o grupo de grávidas (r=0,509, r=0,462; r=0,738; r=0,578; r=0,422) e para o grupo de nãográvidas (r=0,840; r=0,005, r=0,063; r=0,284; r=0,323, respectivamente) Conclusões: Houve queda da impedância vascular da artéria oftálmica nos dois grupos de pacientes com LES em relação às gestantes normais. Não houve diferença estatística significativa entre os índices Doppler da artéria oftálmica nos grupos de gestantes com LES e não-grávidas com LES. Não houve associação entre o tempo de doença e os índices Doppler nos dois grupos de pacientes avaliadas.
Mestre em Ciências da Saúde
Bombardelli, Juliana Aparecida. "Avaliação ultrassonográfica da involução dos componentes do cordão umbilical de bezerros holandeses no primeiro mês de vida: influência da concentração da tintura de iodo utilizada para a desinfecção do umbigo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10136/tde-20102015-090820/.
Full textDiseases of the umbilical components are very important in the neonatal period. Commonly found in calves, they can lead to serious complications. Diagnosis of umbilical diseases is often not fully enlightened by bimanual abdominal palpation, since this semiotic method is not sensitive enough to determine the extent of involvement of the umbilical intra-abdominal structures in part of the cases. Thus, ultrasonography is a valuable complementary test for establishing an accurate diagnosis on the location and extent of intra-abdominal omphalitis. Because of these limitations and the scarce research on the establishment of the standards of navel ultrasound, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the physiological involution process of umbilical components of healthy calves, considering the use of classic antiseptic, iodine tincture in concentrations 2% and 5%, used in navel treatment during the first days after birth. Evaluation was performed by ultrasonography of umbilical components in different positions and the changes were characterized during the process of involution regarding the appearance of the images, the measures of the diameter and thickness of vascular and urachus components, as well as the peculiarities from the two types of disinfecting. Twenty-three Holstein male calves, reared in dairy property located in the State of São Paulo, were evaluated from birth to 30 days old. Results obtained showed that the vein and umbilical arteries lose their blood vessels characteristics, assuming a ligament aspect due to fibrous tissue proliferation. This process was characteristic and followed a pattern, in which the fibrous tissue was initially present in the inner part of the vessel wall, following with involution, toward the center of the vessel lumen. This process of involution was earlier in the parts of the blood vessels that were farthest from the external navel, with no particular behavior distinct by the use of different antiseptic concentrations. Besides the images, the measurements of the diameter of the umbilical components and the thickness of their walls were also standardized along the physiological involution process during the first 30 days of life the calf, confirming the accuracy of ultrasonography for such assessment and establishing references to improve the diagnosis and the choice of treatment of umbilical diseases
Freitas, Marta Alves de. "Doppervelocimetria da artéria oftálmica em gestantes pré-eclâmpticas com recém-nascidos portadores de restrição de crescimento /." Botucatu, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139323.
Full textBanca: Vera Terezinha Medeiros Borges
Banca: Joelcio Francisco Abbade
Banca: Alberto Carlos Moreno Zaconeta
Banca: Roseli Mieko Yamamoto Nomura
Resumo: Introdução: Dentre as síndromes hipertensivas que acometem a gestação, a pré-eclâmpsia (PE) é a principal causa de mortalidade e morbidade materna a curto e longo prazo, e de complicações perinatais como prematuridade, restrição do crescimento e óbito. O exame de fundo de olho reflete as alterações decorrentes do vasoespasmo sistêmico, alteração básica na fisiopatologia da doença. O Doppler das artérias oftálmicas é um exame reprodutível e não invasivo, constituindo-se em um método objetivo que diferencia as formas de manifestação da hipertensão entre si, aprimora a compreensão da fisiopatologia da pré-eclâmpsia e identifica a gravidade da doença, diretamente relacionada com o comprometimento do sistema nervoso central. Objetivo: Identificar se existe relação entre as alterações verificadas no Doppler da artéria oftálmica de gestantes portadoras de PE e a ocorrência de restrição de crescimento fetal. Sujeitos e métodos: Realizou-se estudo de corte transversal em uma população de 75 gestantes com diagnóstico de PE, que tiveram a resolução da gestação no Hospital Regional do Gama - Distrito Federal e cujos recém-nascidos foram classificados de acordo com a adequação do peso para a idade gestacional (PIG - pequeno para a idade gestacional e não PIG), segundo a tabela de Lubchenco. O exame dopplervelocimétrico da artéria oftálmica foi realizado em equipamento Toshiba Nemio 17, com transdutor linear na frequência de 10 MHz, determinando-se os seguintes parâmetros: índice de resistência (IR), índice de pulsatilidade (IP), pico de velocidade sistólica (PVS), velocidade diastólica final (VDF) e razão entre picos de velocidade (RPV). A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando os métodos ANOVA e Qui-quadrado. Os resultados foram considerados estatisticamente significativos quando apresentaram valores de p <0,05. Resultados: A análise das características clínicas maternas, segundo...
Abstract: Introduction: Among hypertensive disorders that affect pregnancy, preeclampsia (PE) is the leading cause of mortality in short and long-term maternal morbidity and also perinatal complications such as premature birth, growth restriction and death. The examination of eye reflects changes arising from systemic vasospasm, a basic change in the disease pathophysiology. The Doppler of ophthalmic arteries is a reproducible and noninvasive, thus becoming an objective method that sets the manifestations of hypertension among themselves, enhances the understanding of the preeclampsia pathophysiology and identifies the severity of the disease, directly related to the central nervous system compromising. Objective: To identify if there is a relationship between changes in the Doppler of the ophthalmic artery of pregnant women with PE and the occurrence of fetal growth restriction. Subjects and Methods: Across sectional study in a population of 75 pregnant women with a diagnosis of PE, who had pregnancy resolution at Regional Hospital of Gama - Federal District and whose newborns were classified according to their weight for gestational age (SGA - small for gestational age and not SGA) according to Lubchenco table. The dopplervelocimetry of the ophthalmic artery was performed in 17 Nemio Toshiba equipment with linear transducer in the frequency of 10 MHz and, the following parameters were determined: resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), systolic velocity peak(SVP), end-diastolic velocity (EDV) and velocity ratio peak (VRP). Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA and Chi-square test. The results were considered statistically significant with p values <0.05. Results: Analysis of maternal clinical characteristics, according to the newborns classification (Not SGA and SGA), showed no significant difference in maternal age (27.7+6.8 years vs 29.5+7, 4 years), parity (48.2% vs 50%) and the rate of cesarean delivery (84.7% vs 100%). ...
Doutor
Franzin, Cleide Mara Mazzotti de Oliveira 1955. "Avaliação do bem-estar fetal atraves da dopplervelocimetria com mapeamento em cores das arterias umbilical, cerebral media e aorta abdominal." [s.n.], 1997. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309855.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: Com a finalidade de avaliar a capacidade do exame Dopplervelocimétrico no diagnóstico de bem-estar fetal, foram analisadas 130 gestantes atendidas no Serviço de Ultra-Sonografia do Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher, entre a 28a e 42a semanas. Foram realizadas correlações entre o Doppler das artérias umbilical, cerebral média e aorta abdominal fetal com gasometria sangüínea neonatal e resultados perinatais adversos. As gestantes selecionadas para o estudo foram submetidas eletivamente ao parto cesárea, no máximo quatro horas após o exame Doppler. O sangue para gasometria foi obtido por punção funicular, imediatamente após o nascimento. Consideramos como resultados perinatais adversos: índice de Apgar ao 5o minuto menor que 7, internação em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal, retardo de crescimento intra-uterino, sofrimento fetal agudo, mortalidade pe ri natal, hipoglicemia, policitemia, eníerocolite necrosante e hemorragia cerebral. Os índices de avaliação de resistência das artérias umbilical, cerebral média e aorta abdominal foram relacionados, caso a caso, com as variáveis obtidas da gasometria da artéria e veia umbilical, e com os resultados perinatais adversos. A Dopplervelocimetria das artérias umbilical e cerebral média apresentaram associação estatisticamente significativa com gasometria fetal alterada e resultados perinatais adversos. A relação S/D da artéria umbilical apresentou maior sensibilidade (71,43%) no diagnóstico de acidemia fetal e resultados perinatais adversos (80,76%) do que o IP e IR da artéria umbilical. O estudo Doppler da artéria umbilical apresentou melhor sensibilidade que a artéria cerebral média e a aorta abdominal na detecção de resultados perinatais adversos. O IP da aorta abdominal, medido acima da inserção das artérias renais, mostrou valores discrepantes da literatura, não apresentando associação estatisticamente significativa com resultados perinatais adversos.
Abstract: With the purpose of evaluating the competence of the Doppler study in the diagnosis of fetal well-being, 130 pregnant women were analyzed in the Ultra Sound Service of the Center for Integral Attention for Womens's Health, between the 28th and 42nd weeks. Correlations were made between the Doppler of the umbilical artery, the middle cerebral artery and the fetal abdominal aorta with neonatal blood gas parameters and adverse perinatal outcome. The pregnant women selected for the study undergoing elective cesarean section, no more than four hours after the Doppler estudy. Blood gas was obtained by funipuncture, immediately after delivery. We considered as adverse perinatal outcome: Apgar less than 7 in the 5th minute, hospitalization in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, intrauterine growth retardation, acute fetal suffering, perinatal mortality, hypoglycemia, polycytemia, enterocolitis necrotising and cerebral haemorrhage. The evaluation indexes of the resistance of the umbilical artery, middle cerebral and aorta abdominal were listed, case by case, with the variables obtained from the umbilical artery and vein blood gas parameters, and with the adverse perinatal outcome. The Doppler studies of the vessels showed statistically significant association with altered fetal blood gas parameters and adverse perinatal outcome. The S/D ratio of the umbilical artery showed greater sensitivity (71,43%) in the diagnosis of fetal acidemia and adverse perinatal outcome (80,76%) than the IP and the IR of the umbilical artery. The Doppler study of the umbilical artery showed greater sensitivity than the cerebral artery and the abdominal aorta in the detection of adverse perinatal outcome. The IP of the abdominal aorta, measured above the insertion the kidney arteries, showed conflicting values from literature and did not show statistically significant association with the adverse perinatal outcome.
Doutorado
Tocoginecologia
Doutor em Medicina
Müller, Ana Lúcia Letti. "O estudo doppler da função cardíaca fetal e da artéria umbilical na rotura prematura das membranas amnióticas pré-termo." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/16451.
Full textMorais, Carla Patrícia Amorim Carneiro de. "Efeito da testosterona nos canais iónicos a nível vascular." Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/804.
Full textSeveral studies point out the increased risk in men versus pre-menopause women on developing coronary artery disease and hypertension. This is, nowadays, seen as a result of unfavourable efects of testosterone. However, this hormone showed non-genomic vasodilator effects which may be involved in some kind of protection, yet this matter isn't clarified. We studied the action of testosterone and cholesterol on A7r5 cells L-type calcium channels and potassium channels. The effect of testosterone on cyclic nucleotide activated channels has been also studied, using smooth muscle cells from human umbilical artery. To do this, we used a patch clamp system. Testosterone and cholesterol inhibited L-type calcium channels, basal as well when stimulated with Bay K8644, in a concentration-dependent way. Potassium currents haven't suffered significative changes. Testosterone was also able to activate CNG channels currents. According to these results, we can say that testosterone and cholesterol induce relaxation in rat aorta (muscle?) cells. These data suggest that these steroids share a common mechanism of action on rat aorta, being involved the inactivation of calcium channels, the LTCC's. On vascular smooth muscle cells from human umbilical artery was identified an increase of cGMP, showing that the mechanism involved in testosterone induced relaxation uses cGMP pathway.
SOUZA, Elton Hugo Lima da Silva. "Avaliação de parâmetros clínicos oftálmicos, eletrofisiológicos, ecobiometria ocular em modo B e dopplervelocimetria da artéria oftálmica em Gavião-carijó (Rupornis magnirostris, Gmelin, 1788)." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2016. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/7152.
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
Rupornis magnirostris is a common bird of prey in Brazil. Often seen in the wild, they are also commonly kept in captivity for many different reasons, such as trauma, mutilations, seizures or after apprehensions of wild life traffic. These animals often suffer from different problems that affect the visual system. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical parameters of the ophthalmic exam including electrophysiological, ocular biometry B-mode and Doppler velocimetry of the ophthalmic artery. Clinical ophthalmic examination data was collected, these included tear production (Schirmer tear test), corneal sensitivity test (esthesiometry Cochet Bonnet) and intraocular pressure (tonometry rebound); results were evaluated regarding different age ranges. Retinal quantitative function analysis was performed with white light and different wavelengths (full-field electroretinogram), analysis of the visual pathways (light flash visual evoked potential), ultrasound biometry (B-mode echobiometry of the eye) and Doppler indices of resistance and pulsatility of the ophthalmic artery (triplex ultrasound). Lacrimal Schirmer test was the only clinical parameter of the ophthalmic exam that had no age group differences. This may be due this tests direct relation with corneal sensibility considering age range. In ocular electrophysiology the visually evoked potentials elicited by flash stimuli varied significantly with increase in age; the spectral sensitivity study responded to five different wavelengths; electroretinogram was significantly influenced by anesthesia, increasing photopic implicit time and amplitude of b waves and flicker 30Hz. B mode echobiometry demonstrated a relation between the anterior chamber and lens as well as the lens and the vitreous chamber. ophthalmic artery Doppler velocimetry had a significant relationship between pulsatility and resistivity index, as well as with their intraocular pressure as well as a significant ratio of the peak systolic velocity and end diastolic velocity. These results open new horizons for ornithological ophthalmology, regarding clinical ophthalmology, electrophysiological, B mode echobiometry and Doppler velocimetry.
O Rupornis magnirostris, uma ave de rapina silvestre abundante em todo território nacional, comumente encontrado em cativeiro, pelos mais variados motivos, como traumas, mutilações e apreensões do trafico de animais, onde sofrem com problemas que podem acometer o sistema visual. Desta forma, objetivou-se avaliar os parâmetros clínicos oftálmicos, eletrofisiológicos, ecobiometria ocular em modo B e dopplervelocimetria da artéria oftálmica. Foram avaliados os dados do exame oftálmico como, a produção lacrimal (teste lacrimal de Schirmer), sensibilidade corneal (estesiometria de Cochet Bonnet) e pressão intraocular (tonometria de rebote), em relação a idade. Também foram realizadas analises quantitativa da função retiniana sob a luz branca e com diferentes comprimentos de onda (eletrorretinograma de campo total), das vias visuais (Potencial Visual Evocado por Flash de Luz), da biometria ultrassônica (ecobiometrica ocular em modo B) e foram definidos os índices Doppler de resistência e pulsatilidade dos da artéria oftálmica (ultrassonografia triplex). Nos parâmetros oftálmicos só o teste Schirmer não modificou na faixa de idade estudada, há uma relação direta entre ele e o limiar de sensibilidade corneano, levando em consideração a idade. Na eletrofisiolofia ocular os potenciais visuais evocados por flash de luz variam significativamente com o aumento da idade, na sensibilidade espectral verificou-se resposta aos seis comprimentos de ondas estudados e no eletrorretinograma a anestesia aumentou significativamente os tempos implícitos da onda fotópica e as amplitudes da onda “b” fotópica e do flicker 30 Hz. Na ecobiometria em modo B constatou-se uma relação entre a câmara anterior e a lente assim como com a lente e a câmara vítrea e na dopplervelociméta da artéria oftálmica verificou-se uma relação significativa entre o índice de pulsatilidade e índice de resistibilidade, assim como deles com a pressão intraocular e uma relação significativa do pico de velocidade sistólica e da velocidade diastólica final. Estes resultados abrem novos horizontes para a oftalmologia ornitológica, no que diz respeito a seus parâmetros clínicos oftálmicos, eletrofisiológicos, ecobiométricos em modo B e dopplervelocimétricos.
MIRANDA, Stefânia Araújo. "Ecobiometria e Triplex Doppler para a avaliação da vitalidade fetal em Cebus apella." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/5321.
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FINEP - Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Os objetos do trabalho foram: 1) realizar a ecobiometria do concepto para acompanhar o crescimento fetal e determinar a idade gestacional em Cebus apella; 2) descrever o momento em que os órgãos do feto são observados; 3) realizar a sexagem fetal; 4) avaliar o fluxo sanguíneo das artérias uterinas (AU) e umbilical (Aum), mensurando os índices de resistividade (IR) e pulsatilidade (IP); 5) observar a presença ou ausência da incisura protodiastólica (IPD) e do componente diastólico nas ondas de fluxo sanguíneo das AU e Aum, respectivamente, durante a gestação em C. apella. Seis fêmeas adultas da espécie C. apella foram selecionadas e, posteriormente, condicionadas para os procedimentos de colpocitologia ou contenção química. Para o monitoramento do ciclo reprodutivo das fêmeas e crescimento folicular, foram realizados exames colpocitológicos e ultrassonografia (US), respectivamente, para a escolha do melhor dia da monta natural ou inseminação artificial. Vinte dias após a cópula ou inseminação, era realizado o diagnóstico da gestação por meio da US. O dia de cada exame em relação ao parto foi contado em retrospecto (nascimento = dia 0). Os exames ultrassonográficos foram feitos nos dias -133, -113, -83, -53, -21 e -1 antes do parto. A US bidimensional em modo B foi utilizada para mensurar o saco gestacional do dia - 133 até -113; os diâmetros biparietal, fronto-occiptal, circunferência da cabeça e circunferência abdominal do dia -113 a -1; e comprimento do fêmur do dia -53 até -23, mostrando o aumento desses parâmetros com o avanço da gestação. O coração e o estômago começaram a ser visualizados no dia -113 e, os demais órgãos e a sexagem no dia -83. O Triplex Doppler foi empregado para avaliar o fluxo sanguíneo durante o período gestacional, mostrando uma diminuição nos IR e IP das AU e Aum, do dia -133 a -1, bem como observar o desaparecimento da IPD (dia -1) e aparecimento do componente diastólico (dia -53) na onda de fluxo sanguíneo das AU e Aum, respectivamente. Entre os dias -113 a -1, a média da freqüência cardíaca fetal, obtida pelo Triplex Doppler, foi de 189 ± 2,43 bpm. O presente trabalho permitiu determinar a idade gestacional, avaliar o crescimento anatômico do feto, descrever o momento em que os órgãos são visualizados e realizar a sexagem em C. apella. Constatou-se, também, que o fluxo sanguíneo das AU e Aum são importantes parâmetros para avaliar a vitalidade fetal em C. apella.
The objectives were to: 1) perform conceptus ecobiometry for fetal growth assessment and determine the gestational age in Cebus apella; 2) describe the moment that the fetal organs are observed; 3) perform fetal sex identification; 4) evaluate blood flow in the uterine (UA) and umbilical (Uma) arteries, by measuring the resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI); 5) to note the presence or absence of the early diastolic notch (EDN) and diastolic flow in the UA and Uma flow waveforms, respectively, during gestational period in C. apella. Six adult females were selected and trained to allow vaginal swabs or sedation. Vaginal smears and ultrasography (US) were used to monitor the menstrual cycles and follicular growth, respectively, for choose the better day to natural mating or artificial insemination. Twenty days after mating or insemination, the diagnosis of gestation by US was done. The day of the examination relative to whelping was calculated in retrospect (whelping = Day 0). Ultrasonographic examinations were done on Days -133, -113, -83, -53, -21 and -1 before whelping. The B-mode US was used to measure the gestational sac on Days -133 to -113; the biparietal diameter, occipito-frontal diameter, head circumference and abdominal circumference on Days -113 to -1; and femur length on Days -53 to -23, showing that these parameters increased as gestational age advanced. The fetal heart and stomach were observed on Day -113 and, the other organs and fetal sex identification on Day -83. The Triplex Doppler was used to evaluate the blood flow during the gestational period, showing decrease on RI and PI of UA and Uma, on Days -133 to -1, as well as to note the absence of the EDN in the UA waveform on Day -1 and the presence of the Uma diastolic flow on Day -53. From Days -113 to -1, the mean of fetal heart rate, obtained by Triplex Doppler, was 189 ± 2,43 bpm. The current study enabled to determine the gestational age, to assess the fetal anatomical growth, to describe the moment that the organs were observed and to perform fetal sex identification in C. apella. We inferred that UA and Uma blood circulation were important end points to assess fetal vitality in C. apella.
Teles, Élvio Trindade. "Artéria umbilical única." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/5205.
Full textThe umbilical cord is essential to the life of the fetus, and typically comprises three blood vessels: two arteries (venous blood transport) and a vein (artery blood transport). However, it is estimated that at about 0.5-2.5% of all pregnancies is the appearance of a single umbilical artery (SUA). Previously, it was considered an anatomical curiosity, but it is the most common true anomaly of the umbilical cord. The SUA can be found isolated or in association with malformations, given that about 30% of children with this condition have associated congenital structural abnormalities. Objectives: To understand the possible etiologies that underlie the SUA, with review of the associated embryology; analyze the prognosis, realizing which anomalies are associated with this finding and its impact on the child's life; identify possible associated risk factors; understand the role of diagnostic tests, especially ultrasound; check out which procedures are performed. Methods: It was searched the electronic databases such as Pubmed and Medscape, and also encyclopedias and books in the area. Conclusion: Despite of the ambiguity issue of this theme, it was possible to establish the SUA association with congenital structural abnormalities as well as chromosome, based on literature reviewed. Thus, this finding is associated with a variable prognosis, depending on the associated conditions. It was also found that prenatal ultrasound, performed in the second trimester of pregnancy, is a key test for the early diagnosis, after which further investigation is required.
Lemos, Maria Eduarda Candeias de. "Efeito do cálcio e da via da Rho cinase (ROCK) na contractilidade da artéria umbilical humana (HUA)." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/3222.
Full textThe mechanisms regulating the contractility of human umbilical artery (HUA) smooth muscle cells are very important to allow the gas and nutrients exchange between the fetus and placenta. Once the artery is devoid of innervation, control of vascular tone is completely dependent on some ions such as potassium and calcium, vasoactive mediators locally released and substances carried by blood flow, such as histamine and serotonin (5-hidroxiptamina). Several authors have described that the increase in the release of these mediators, as well as sensitization of HUA to these mediators can lead to the onset of pre-eclampsia. Moreover, a good regulation of vascular smooth muscle tonus is crucial for maintaining the biological functions and a misregulation can lead to different pathologies. The smooth muscle contraction can be initiated by the activation of a receptor or an ion channel and can involve calcium-dependent and calcium-independent mechanisms ("calcium sensitization"). The Rhokinase (ROCK) pathway is involved in the process of smooth muscle contraction and has been involved in the regulation of other cellular processes. Previous studies from our group have shown that ROCK is associated with the regulation of HUA contractility in the presence of calcium. Thus, this project aims to determine the role of this kinase, as well as to analyze the influence of extracellular calcium using HUA smooth muscle cells (SMC). Additionally, we intend to study the possible link between the cGMP / PKG pathway and ROCK. We use the PCSA ("planar cell surface area") technique. The SMC were previously labeled with a fluorophore (fluorescein) and analyzed using a fluorescence microscope. Experiments were initiated by analyzing the contractility of SMC in medium with different extracellular calcium concentrations and in absence of calcium. In this condition, the arteries were previously contracted by 5-HT (1 mM) and histamine (10 mM). To test the effect of ROCK pathway a ROCK inhibitor (Y27236) was added in presence of different concentrations of extracellular calcium. The possible involvement of PKG in the ROCK pathway was analyzed by using a nitric oxide donor (SNP 40 mM). The results showed that at different calcium concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 mM), the SMC pre-contracted by 5-HT exhibited similar contractions. Differently the SMC precontracted by histamine were bigger at 0.5 mM and 3 mM of extracellular calcium. In calcium-free medium, histamine induced greater contractile effect than 5-HT. Regarding the role of ROCK in the HUA contractility, we show that for both contractile agents, the ROCK inhibition did not influence the contractile effect. The SNP did not alter the contractile effect of 5-HT or histamine independently of the calcium concentrations as well as in absence of calcium. In smooth muscle cells contracted by 5-HT at a concentration of 1 mM extracellular calcium, the inhibitor of ROCK modified significatilly the effect of SNP. Concerning histamine, independently on the calcium concentration used, Y27 did not change the effect of the joint administration of histamine and SNP. In summary, our results showed that the HUA contractility is very sensitive to different concentrations of extracellular calcium, indicating that this ion dynamically regulates the contractility of vascular SMC. Our results also indicate that the HUA contractility is not regulated by the ROCK pathway and that changes in the concentration of cGMP are not involved in the inhibition of this pathway.
Esteves, Ana Filipa Silva. "Efeito dos androgénios na regulação do tónus da artéria umbilical, na hipertensão arterial da gravidez." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/3265.
Full textIn recent decades, several researchers have suggested an association between androgens and hypertension. The beneficial effects of androgens in the vascular system are associated with their ability to cause vascular vasorelaxation. The non genomic effects of androgens in vascular smooth muscle appear to be due to activation of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (BKCa) and voltage gated potassium channels (KV) and/or the inhibition of L-type Ca2+ channels voltage dependent (L-VOCC). However, the genomic effects of androgens, particularly in the expression of these ion channels, are little known. However, in earlier studies it was observed that androgens may be beneficial to cardiovascular level because they have vasodilatory effects and increase the expression of BKCa channels and Kv . Hypertension is one of the most comums problem in pregnancy that complicates 5 % to 10 % of cases of pregnancy. Despite the significant morbidity associated with babies born to pregnant women with hypertension, the pathogenesis remains unclear, which limits the ability to prevent and treat it. The aim of this study was to analyze the genomic effects of androgens on the expression of different proteins involved in the regulation of vascular contractility, including soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), the natriuretic peptide receptor-A (NPRA) and protein kinase G (PKG). These proteins appear to be involved in the vasodilator mechanism induced by androgens. This study also aimed to compare the expression levels of these proteins in human umbilical artery (HUA) from normotensive and hypertensive pregnant women. To achieve these goals was used the technique of real time PCR in smooth muscle cells of HUA, which were preincubated for 24 hours with DHT (1-1000nM). HUA muscle cells from normotensive pregnant women, androgens caused a decreased expression of sGC and PKG and an increase in the NPRA eexpression. However, in HUA muscle cells from pregnant hypertensive women androgens cause a decrease in expression of sGC and NPRA and an increased expression of PKG . In sum, we conclude that DHT modulates the expression of the analyzed proteins, which are involved in vasodilator mechanism of androgens.
Lima, Lara Madeline Leite. "Efeitos do Tributilestanho na contratilidade da artéria umbilical humana por ativação de recetores de serotonina e histamina." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/9587.
Full textNowadays, the man is exposed to a variety of chemicals that can be able to interfere with the endocrine system. These chemicals are called endocrine disrupters (EDCs) and thus, they can impair hormonal homeostasis. Among these chemicals with endocrine disrupting proprieties there is the tributyltin (TBT). TBT is widely use as antifouling paints, biocides, plastic catalyzers and it is associated with bioaccumulation in food chains of several species, including human being. Consequently, many studies associate it with reproductive and sexual problems (eg. imposex), obesity, cancer and recently associated as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Vascular studies suggest that they may affect calcium-related intracellular mechanisms, interfere with cardiac function, and decrease vascular reactivity. Another recently discovered fact, show that TBT may play a modifying role in the contractile capacity of human umbilical artery (HUA) smooth muscle by the activation of the serotonin (5-HT) and histamine receptors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the long-term effects of TBT on the contractile activity of HUA smooth muscle by the activation of 5-HT receptors as 5-HT1B / 1D, 5-HT2A, 5-HT7, and histamine receptors as H1 and H2. The study of contractile activity of HUA was performed using the organ bath technique. Subsequently, HUA rings without endothelium were extracted and incubated for 24h at control condition and for at different TBT concentrations (0,1 nM, 1 nM, 0,1 µM and 100 µM). After that, the arteries were subjected to different contractile agents such as 5-HT (1µM), histamine (10µM), and their agonists L69 (1µM, 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist), AMHT (1µM, 5-HT2A receptor agonist), and BHI (1mM, H1 receptor agonist). They were also submitted for two vasorelaxant agents as AS19 (1µM, 5-HT7 receptor agonist) and DMP (100 µM, H2 receptor agonist). For the 5-HT receptors, the long-term effect of TBT demonstrated that higher concentrations (0,1µM and 100µM) appear to induce significant loss of HUA-ring responsiveness to 5-HT and AMHT contractile agents, affecting the contractile activity of 5-HT2A receptor. Overall, the results of L69 contractions did not show significant differences between the TBT incubations and the control condition. According to the results, it appears that the concentration of 1nM TBT exerts less effect on the contractility of the HUA caused by the activation of the 5-HT receptors, when compared to the control and other incubations. Regarding the lowest incubation of the study (0,1nM), the results indicate that there is a reduction of contractile activity for 5-HT, except for the other contractile agents. Thus, the percentage relaxation analysis with DMP showed that for this concentration, the relaxation is greater than the control condition. These data showed that the 5-HT7 receptor appears to be affected in this incubation. Concerning to the histamine receptors, it can also be observed that there is a reduction of the contractile activity induced by the BHI for the two higher concentrations. These two incubations also show decrease the responsiveness of the H1 receptor. For the arteries incubated with 1nM TBT, it showed that the histamine-induced contraction was significantly higher when compared to the control condition. These results demonstrate that for this concentration the contractile capacity of the histamine is apparently similar to BHI, with no significant differences between both. Therefore, the percent of relaxation with DMP demonstrated that for this incubation the relaxation was significantly lower when compared to the control situation and the other incubations. Thus, this may indicate that the H2 receptor may be influenced at this concentration (1nM).
Azevedo, Regina Maria Marques. "Estudo dos Efeitos Genómicos e Não Genómicos do Di(2-Etilhexil) Ftalato a Nível Vascular." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/6984.
Full textDi(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a plasticizer widely used in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) to increase flexibility, elasticity and pliability. In addition to medical devices as blood bags, catheters, tubes and gloves, humans are exposed to DEHP through ingestion of house dust, food that has been storage in plastic packs, dermal uptake from cosmetics and inhalation of covering materials and paints. Phthalates are highly susceptible to leach from the polymer matrix once they are not covalently bound to it. Phthalates are known for their endocrine disrupting properties which are related to obesity, diabetes and fertility problems. However, the effects of phthalates at vascular level are not well described yet. The effect of DEHP in human umbilical artery (HUA) contractility was studied using organ bath techniques. Rings of HUA without endothelium were incubated with different concentrations of DEHP (1 nM, 10 µM and 100 µM) for 24h, then contracted by serotonin (1 µM), histamine (10 µM) and KCl (60 mM) and the effect of crescent concentrations of DEHP (1nM - 100µM) was analysed. Also, mRNA expression of serotonin receptor 5-HT2A and histamine receptor HR-H1 in human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMC) exposed to different concentrations of DEHP (1nM, 10 nM, 100 nM, 1µM, 10 µM and 100µM) was evaluated by qPCR. Consistent with the obtained data it was concluded that DEHP may act as a HUA direct vasorelaxant, though genomic effects may arise unbalancing the direct effects. These results suggest that the genomic effects distort intracellular calcium metabolism, modifying the contractile and vasorelaxant response of the HUA.
Baptista, Margarida Martins. "Efeitos da Metformina a nível vascular." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/8910.
Full textThis master thesis is divided in three chapters: the first one presents the research work developed in the health sciences field, the second is dedicated to the internship in Community Pharmacy and the last chapter summarizes the experience in Hospital Pharmacy. Chapter I is based on the one-year long research developed at the Center for Research in Health Sciences of the University of Beira Interior, under the guidance of Profª. Drª. Elisa Cairrão. According to the European Society of Endocrinology, the endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) are chemicals that mimic, block or interfere with hormones in the endocrine system. Metformin is the most commonly used oral anti-diabetic drug in the world and consequently is one of the drugs most commonly found in the aquatic environment, and its effect as an EDC on certain species of fish has been verified. Although metformin does not have a similar structure to the classic EDC, its effects in these systems have been proven, as well as in the arterial contractility and as a trigger of hypertension in animals. In the present study we intend to evaluate the specific action of Metformin in arterial tonus and whether this depends on the presence of endothelium. In addition, we also want to seek for differences in the contractile response of the human umbilical artery (AUH) and the rat aorta artery. The previously referred tissues were placed in an organ bath and subjected to the action of various contractile agents. Afterwards, metformin cumulative concentrations were applied, and tension differences were measured on the arteries through isometric transducers. In the rat aorta artery, a greater relaxation was observed with increasing concentrations of metformin and this effect was most evident in the presence of the endothelium. Cumulative concentrations of Metformin also induced relaxation of the AUHs and this effect was independent of the endothelium for some of the contractile agents used. Further studies are needed to understand the exact mechanism of this agent in vascular contractility in humans, particularly in the population with gestational diabetes. Chapter II is a summary of the experience and learning acquired during the internship at Sant'Ana Pharmacy in Covilhã, between January 20 and April 12, under the guidance of Dr.ª Paula Goulão Bártolo. The third chapter describes the activities developed in the Hospital Pharmaceutical Services of the University Hospital Center of Cova da Beira, between April 15 and May 31, under the guidance of Dr.ª Olímpia Fonseca.
Feiteiro, Joana Rita Oliveira. "Efeito da testosterona na compartimentação do cGMP a nível vascular." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/3243.
Full textCyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels are usually expressed in photorecetors and in olfactory neurons sensory, and they translate changes in intracellular cyclic nucleotide concentration in electrical response and/ or a sign of Ca2+intracellular. They open by the direct binding of cAMP and cGMP. The cGMP synthesis is controlled by 2 types of guanylyl cyclases (GC) that differ in their cellular location and activation by specific ligands: a particular CG (pGC) present at the plasma membrane, which is activated by natriuretic peptides such as atrial natriuretic pepetide (ANP); and a soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) present in the cytosol and activated by nitric oxide (NO). NO and ANP use cGMP as second messenger, there are many instances in which activation of pGC and sGC leads to different functional effects, one explication for different functional effects is that cGMP rises in specific subcellular locations, regulating different targets in different parts of the cell. The studies performed by our group in human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMC) demonstrated that testosterone activates BKCa and KV channels due to PKG activation. Moreover, our group show that testosterone and ANP, but not sodium nitroprusside (SNP), stimulate the activity of these potassium channels, which suggest that testosterone increases cGMP levels by activating pGC. This study also demonstrated that ANP increases cGMP levels by activating particulate GC and NO incrases cGMP levels by activating soluble GC. In this sense, the aim of this work is analyze the compartmentalization of the cGMP at level vascular through the CNG activated by increased levels of cGMP and the possible involvement of the phosphodiesterases (PDE) and to analyze the vasodilator effect of testosterone through the cGMP-activated CNG. The whole cell configuration of patch clamp technique was used to measure the signal activation of CNG channels. The CNG channels are activated by cGMP. Human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells were infected with WT CNGA2 encoding adenovirus. The chemicals used in the experiments were: ANP (0,1μM and 1μM), SNP (10µM and 100μM); 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX; 100μM), a nonselective PDE inhibitor; To-156 (1µM), a PDE5 inhibitor; cilostamide (10µM), a specific PDE3 inhibitor and 8-(4-Chlorophenylthio)guanosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (Sp-8) (100µM) which is an analogue of cGMP, and testosterone (0.1, 1 and 10μM). The results demonstrate that ANP and SNP stimulated in a different level the ICNG. The particulate pool of cGMP modulated by ANP seems to be controlled by the PDE5 and PDE3. Moreover, the administration of SNP seems to create two separated polls, one localized next to the plasma membrane , that are controlled by the PDE5 and PDE3, and other poll that are localized in the cytosol of the cells that is regulated only by PDE3. Concerning the effect of testosterone was observed that the testosterone activates the CNG and that this activation is dependent on its concentration. In summary, our results demonstrate that testosterone acts by increasing cGMP that induced the activation the PKG and differential spatial and temporal distributions of cGMP may therefore contribute to the specific effects of natriuretic peptides and NO donors in the vascular function.
Filipe, Juliana Faria. "Estudo do efeito do Octilmetoxicinamato (OMC) em artérias umbilicais humanas." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/5364.
Full textIntroduction: Octyl-methoxycinnamate is one of the most commonly used ultraviolet B radiation filters in sunscreens and other cosmetic products. After some in vitro e in vivo studies, it is suspected that it can act as an endocrine disruptor, possibly with estrogenic and antithyroid actions. It is absorbed through the skin and can be detected in the plasma after topical application. It is detected in human milk samples as well. It is a lipophilic molecule, tends to bioaccumulate in the environment, and it was considered as a substance of high concern in relation to human risk and health. There is no studies evaluating the action of octylmethoxycinnamate on the cardiovascular system but there is a possibility that it can have similar effects to those of estrogens in different arteries. It’s action on vascular smooth muscle cells can be trigged through genomic and non-genomic pathways that can be dependent or independent of the endothelium. Objective: Assess octyl-methoxycinnamate’s effects on the smooth muscle of human umbilical arteries without endothelium in order to analyze its potential non-genomic effects independent of endothelium, and see if they are similar to those of estrogen at a vascular level. Material and Methods: Using organ bath techniques, rings of human umbilical arteries without endothelium were contracted by serotonin 1µM and potassium chloride 60mM. The effects of octyl-methoxycinnamate were analyzed at different concentrations. All procedures were approved by the ethics committee of Cova da Beira’s Hospital Center. Results: Octyl-methoxycinnamate relaxed human umbilical arteries without endothelium contracted with both serotonin 1µM and potassium chloride 60mM. There was a similar vasorelaxant effect between the two contractile agents at different, with maximum effect at 5x10-5M, in both contractile agents. Discussion: Octyl-methoxycinnamate could trigger a vasorelaxant effect in a similar way that of 17ß-Estradiol, through a non-genomic and endothelium independent mechanism. There isn’t published data regarding octyl-methoxycinnamate effects at a vascular level, as well as it’s possible action as an endocrine disruptor and in the development of cardiovascular diseases. The present study is a pioneer in that way. It is necessary more data to evaluate if the mechanism of action of octyl-methoxycinnamate is related with the activation of the receptor GPR30. Conclusion: Octyl-methoxycinnamate has a non-genomic vasorelaxant effect in human umbilical arteries through an endothelium independent mechanism.