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Journal articles on the topic 'Dormancy (Biology)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 21 February 2023

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1

Boon, Calvin, and Thomas Dick. "Mycobacterium bovis BCG Response Regulator Essential for Hypoxic Dormancy." Journal of Bacteriology 184, no. 24 (2002): 6760–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.184.24.6760-6767.2002.

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ABSTRACT Obligately aerobic tubercle bacilli are capable of adapting to survive hypoxia by developing into a nonreplicating or dormant form. Dormant bacilli maintain viability for extended periods. Furthermore, they are resistant to antimycobacterials, and hence, dormancy might play a role in the persistence of tuberculosis infection despite prolonged chemotherapy. Previously, we have grown dormant Mycobacterium bovis BCG in an oxygen-limited Wayne culture system and subjected the bacilli to proteome analysis. This work revealed the upregulation of the response regulator Rv3133c and three othe

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Bhowmik, Prasanta C. "Weed biology: importance to weed management." Weed Science 45, no. 3 (1997): 349–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500092973.

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Knowledge of weed biology is essential for development of both economically and environmentally acceptable weed management systems. Weed biology relates to plant attributes such as morphology, seed dormancy and germination, physiology of growth, competitive ability, and reproductive biology. Concepts of population biology such as seedbank dynamics for annuals and root reserves, dormancy, and longevity of vegetative propagules for perennials can be used to predict weed infestations better and to evaluate sustainable management strategies. Integrated approaches that give priority to depletion of

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Thusithana, Vidushi, Sean M. Bellairs, and Christine S. Bach. "Seed germination of coastal monsoon vine forest species in the Northern Territory, Australia, and contrasts with evergreen rainforest." Australian Journal of Botany 66, no. 3 (2018): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt17243.

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Seed germination traits of seasonal rainforest species differ from permanently moist evergreen rainforest species due to the prolonged seasonal drought. We investigated whether seed germination traits used to categorise evergreen rainforest species into pioneer and climax guilds were applicable to seasonal rainforest species. Seed dormancy, light requirements for germination and seed storage types of five climax and thirteen pioneer species of a coastal vine thicket were studied. Results were compared with published studies of evergreen rainforest species. Evergreen rainforest pioneer species

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Pawłowski, Tomasz A., Barbara Bujarska-Borkowska, Jan Suszka, et al. "Temperature Regulation of Primary and Secondary Seed Dormancy in Rosa canina L.: Findings from Proteomic Analysis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 19 (2020): 7008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21197008.

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Temperature is a key environmental factor restricting seed germination. Rose (Rosa canina L.) seeds are characterized by physical/physiological dormancy, which is broken during warm, followed by cold stratification. Exposing pretreated seeds to 20 °C resulted in the induction of secondary dormancy. The aim of this study was to identify and functionally characterize the proteins associated with dormancy control of rose seeds. Proteins from primary dormant, after warm and cold stratification (nondormant), and secondary dormant seeds were analyzed using 2-D electrophoresis. Proteins that varied i

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Alhasan, Bashar A., Sergei A. Gordeev, Aleksandra R. Knyazeva, et al. "The mTOR Pathway in Pluripotent Stem Cells: Lessons for Understanding Cancer Cell Dormancy." Membranes 11, no. 11 (2021): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11110858.

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Currently, the success of targeted anticancer therapies largely depends on the correct understanding of the dormant state of cancer cells, since it is increasingly regarded to fuel tumor recurrence. The concept of cancer cell dormancy is often considered as an adaptive response of cancer cells to stress, and, therefore, is limited. It is possible that the cancer dormant state is not a privilege of cancer cells but the same reproductive survival strategy as diapause used by embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Recent advances reveal that high autophagy and mTOR pathway reduction are key mechanisms cont

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Gomatou, Georgia, Nikolaos Syrigos, Ioannis A. Vathiotis, and Elias A. Kotteas. "Tumor Dormancy: Implications for Invasion and Metastasis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 9 (2021): 4862. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094862.

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Tumor dormancy refers to a critical stage of cancer development when tumor cells are present, but cancer does not progress. It includes both the concept of cellular dormancy, indicating the reversible switch of a cancer cell to a quiescent state, and that of tumor mass dormancy, indicating the presence of neoplastic masses that have reached cell population equilibrium via balanced growth/apoptosis rates. Tumor dormancy provides the conceptual framework, potentially explaining a major challenge in clinical oncology, tumor recurrence, which may occur years after cancer diagnosis. The mechanisms

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Vitetta, Ellen S., Thomas F. Tucker, Emilian Racila, et al. "Tumor Dormancy and Cell Signaling. V. Regrowth of the BCL1 Tumor After Dormancy Is Established." Blood 89, no. 12 (1997): 4425–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v89.12.4425.

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Abstract The majority of BALB/c mice immunized with the BCL1 lymphoma-derived idiotype (Id+) IgM and subsequently challenged with BCL1 tumor cells develop a state of tumor dormancy. The vast majority of dormant lymphoma cells are in cell cycle arrest, but there are also residual replicating cells. In the present studies, we attempted to define features of both the dormant lymphoma cells and the host that lead to escape from dormancy. Escape from dormancy occurs at a steady rate over a 2-year period, suggesting that it is a stochastic process. We found that, in the majority of mice, escape was

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Oldham, Michelle, and Corey V. Ransom. "Goatsrue (Galega Officinalis) Seed Biology." Weed Science 57, no. 2 (2009): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-08-105.1.

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Goatsrue is an introduced perennial plant which has proven to have great invasive potential, leading to its classification as a noxious weed in many states and at the federal level. Very little research has been done on its basic biology. Physical dormancy of mature goatsrue seed was tested through scarification with sulfuric acid for up to 60 min resulting in 100% germination. Comparison of dormancy for 26-yr-old and 6-mo-old goatsrue seed indicated that aged seeds had reduced dormancy levels compared to newly harvested seeds. Maximum germination was similar among the 6-mo old and 26-yr-old s

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Ebinger, Sarah, Binje Vick, Karsten Spiekermann, and Irmela Jeremias. "Long-Term Dormant Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patient-Derived Xenografts Display Reversible Treatment Resistance, but Are Not Enriched for Leukemia-Initiating Cells." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (2018): 1518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-109731.

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Abstract Introduction Leukemia-initiating cells (LIC) are considered the source of therapy resistance and relapse, including in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Resistance of LIC to standard chemotherapy is often attributed to the quiescent phenotype of LIC. Whether biological characteristics relevant for therapy resistance are stable or reversible traits of LIC is unknown. Aim Here, we asked whether long-term dormant cells might exist in AML patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and which characteristics they might have. Methods We analyzed 8 serially transplantable PDX models, originally established

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Bui, Tung, Yu Gu, Frédéric Ancot, Virginie Sanguin-Gendreau, Dongmei Zuo та William J. Muller. "Emergence of β1 integrin-deficient breast tumours from dormancy involves both inactivation of p53 and generation of a permissive tumour microenvironment". Oncogene 41, № 4 (2021): 527–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41388-021-02107-7.

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AbstractThe molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying mammary tumour dormancy and cancer recurrence are unclear and remain to be elucidated. Here, we report that mammary epithelial-specific disruption of β1 integrin in a murine model of Luminal B human breast cancer drastically impairs tumour growth with proliferation block, apoptosis induction and cellular senescence. β1 integrin-deficient dormant lesions show activation of the tumour suppressor p53, and tumours that circumvent dormancy possess p53 mutation analogous to those in human disease. We further demonstrate that mammary epithelial

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11

Hoffmann, Franz. "Plant dormancy: Physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology." Plant Science 125, no. 2 (1997): 231–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9452(97)00062-9.

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Just, Michael P., David J. Merritt, Shane R. Turner, John G. Conran, and Adam T. Cross. "Seed germination biology of the Albany pitcher plant, Cephalotus follicularis." Australian Journal of Botany 67, no. 7 (2019): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt19053.

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Cephalotus follicularis is an ecologically unique, taxonomically isolated and range-restricted carnivorous plant that occurs exclusively within vulnerable wetland habitats in coastal south-western Australia. Very little is known about the reproductive biology of this iconic plant species, particularly in relation to seed dormancy and the specific requirements for germination. This knowledge gap must be filled to facilitate the establishment of conservation and management initiatives for the species, as Cephalotus is increasingly impacted by habitat loss, alteration to natural hydrological and

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Ghiso, Julio A. Aguirre, Katherine Kovalski, and Liliana Ossowski. "Tumor Dormancy Induced by Downregulation of Urokinase Receptor in Human Carcinoma Involves Integrin and MAPK Signaling." Journal of Cell Biology 147, no. 1 (1999): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.147.1.89.

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Mechanisms that regulate the transition of metastases from clinically undetectable and dormant to progressively growing are the least understood aspects of cancer biology. Here, we show that a large (∼70%) reduction in the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) level in human carcinoma HEp3 cells, while not affecting their in vitro growth, induced a protracted state of tumor dormancy in vivo, with G0/G1 arrest. We have now identified the mechanism responsible for the induction of dormancy. We found that uPA/uPAR proteins were physically associated with α5β1, and that in cells with low

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Özdemir, Erbey Ziya, Sarah Ebinger, Christoph Ziegenhain, et al. "Drug Resistance and Dormancy Represent Reversible Characteristics in Patients' ALL Cells Growing in Mice." Blood 128, no. 22 (2016): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.602.602.

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Abstract Introduction Drug resistant cells represent a major threat for tumor patients as they might induce relapse and severely decrease disease outcome. Relapse represents a major drawback in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the single most frequent malignancy in children. Novel treatment options are intensively desired to remove drug resistant cells, which often additionally display dormancy. Aim We aimed at unraveling basic mechanisms determining drug resistance and dormancy, as basis for developing novel treatment strategies to prevent relapse. Methods Using cutting edge

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Sng, Natasha J., Jordan Callaham, Robert J. Ferl, and Anna-Lisa Paul. "Arabidopsis thaliana for Spaceflight Applications–Preparing Dormant Biology for Passive Stowage and On-Orbit Activation." Gravitational and Space Research 2, no. 2 (2014): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gsr-2014-0018.

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Abstract Biological experiments on-orbit that demonstrate the effects of gravity on plants require precise control of the initiation of plant development. Preserving seed dormancy is critical to experiments that endeavor to study the effects of the orbital environment, independent of contributions from either a normal gravity, or launch. However, spaceflight experiments are often tightly constrained with respect to the configuration of the biology and associated hardware, and it is rarely possible to launch dry seeds separated from their growth substrate. Described here are techniques establis

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Allen, Phil S., and Susan E. Meyer. "Ecological aspects of seed dormancy loss." Seed Science Research 8, no. 2 (1998): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258500004098.

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AbstractAdvances in seed biology include progress in understanding the ecological significance of seed dormancy mechanisms. This knowledge is being used to make more accurate predictions of germination timing in the field. For several wild species whose seedlings establish in spring, seed populations show relevant variation that can be correlated with habitat conditions. Populations from severe winter sites, where the major risk to seedlings is frost, tend to have long chilling requirements or to germinate very slowly at low temperatures. Populations from warmer sites, where the major risk is

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Cross, Adam T., Matthew D. Barrett, Shane R. Turner, Kingsley W. Dixon, and David J. Merritt. "Seed-dormancy depth is partitioned more strongly among habitats than among species in tropical ephemerals." Australian Journal of Botany 66, no. 3 (2018): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt17244.

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Seed biology in the annual herbaceous flora of ecologically stressful, seasonally wet habitats remains largely unexplored. Temporal and spatial species turnover among these habitats is often high, yet little is known about how fine-scale habitat variation drives intraspecific variability in seed dormancy depth and seed germination requirements. The present study characterised seed dormancy and investigated the germination biology of six closely related herbaceous annual species of Byblis from northern Australia. We assessed variation in the response of seeds of all species to temperature cues,

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18

Miura, Grant. "Stressing out dormancy." Nature Chemical Biology 12, no. 1 (2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.1992.

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Al-Asadi, Mazin Gh, Marcos Castellanos, Sean T. May, Nigel H. Russell, Claire H. Seedhouse, and Monica Pallis. "Molecular Signature of Dormancy in CD34+CD38- Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Cells." Blood 128, no. 22 (2016): 1660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.1660.1660.

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Abstract Chemotherapy drugs tend to spare cells in a state of dormancy (G0 phase of the cell cycle). Relapse of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is likely in part due to dormant cells evading remission-induction chemotherapy. Dormant AML cells have been identified in the bone marrow endosteal region which is characterised by an excess of TGFβ1 and a shortage of nutrients. We developed and characterized an in-vitro model of AML cell dormancy by exploiting these features. Following preliminary investigation of several cell lines, the CD34+CD38- line TF1a was selected for in depth investigation. TF1

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Khoo, Weng Hua, Guy Ledergor, Assaf Weiner, et al. "A niche-dependent myeloid transcriptome signature defines dormant myeloma cells." Blood 134, no. 1 (2019): 30–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.2018880930.

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Abstract The era of targeted therapies has seen significant improvements in depth of response, progression-free survival, and overall survival for patients with multiple myeloma. Despite these improvements in clinical outcome, patients inevitably relapse and require further treatment. Drug-resistant dormant myeloma cells that reside in specific niches within the skeleton are considered a basis of disease relapse but remain elusive and difficult to study. Here, we developed a method to sequence the transcriptome of individual dormant myeloma cells from the bones of tumor-bearing mice. Our analy

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Kucera, Birgit, Marc Alan Cohn, and Gerhard Leubner-Metzger. "Plant hormone interactions during seed dormancy release and germination." Seed Science Research 15, no. 4 (2005): 281–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ssr2005218.

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This review focuses mainly on eudicot seeds, and on the interactions between abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellins (GA), ethylene, brassinosteroids (BR), auxin and cytokinins in regulating the interconnected molecular processes that control dormancy release and germination. Signal transduction pathways, mediated by environmental and hormonal signals, regulate gene expression in seeds. Seed dormancy release and germination of species with coat dormancy is determined by the balance of forces between the growth potential of the embryo and the constraint exerted by the covering layers, e.g. testa and

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Tamamouna, Vasilia, Evangelia Pavlou, Christiana M. Neophytou, Panagiotis Papageorgis, and Paul Costeas. "Regulation of Metastatic Tumor Dormancy and Emerging Opportunities for Therapeutic Intervention." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 22 (2022): 13931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213931.

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Cancer recurrence and metastasis, following successful treatment, constitutes a critical threat in clinical oncology and are the leading causes of death amongst cancer patients. This phenomenon is largely attributed to metastatic tumor dormancy, a rate-limiting stage during cancer progression, in which disseminated cancer cells remain in a viable, yet not proliferating state for a prolonged period. Dormant cancer cells are characterized by their entry into cell cycle arrest and survival in a quiescence state to adapt to their new microenvironment through the acquisition of mutations and epigen

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Sharma, B., Lal Singh, and Maninder Kaur. "Seed biology, dormancy and phenophases of seed germination of three rare Himalayan herbs." Journal of Non Timber Forest Products 22, no. 3 (2015): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2015-66y1fh.

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The three of the Astavarga (8) species, Lilium polyphyllum (Kshirakakoli), Polygonatum verticillatum (Meda) and P. cirrhifolium (Mahameda), were included in the study. The seed viability test showed very low viability (22.5%) for L. polyphyllum, which was improved by hand pollination. These species possessed seed dormancy from 28 days to over two years. Gibberelic acid treatments of 1000 and 2000 ppm in combination with scarification of soaked seeds gave species specific results for breaking seed dormancy. The species included were described to have deep simple epicotyls morpho-physiological t

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Badia-Ramentol, Jordi, Jenniffer Linares, Andrea Gómez-Llonin, and Alexandre Calon. "Minimal Residual Disease, Metastasis and Immunity." Biomolecules 11, no. 2 (2021): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11020130.

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Progression from localized to metastatic disease requires cancer cells spreading to distant organs through the bloodstream. Only a small proportion of these circulating tumor cells (CTCs) survives dissemination due to anoikis, shear forces and elimination by the immune system. However, all metastases originate from CTCs capable of surviving and extravasating into distant tissue to re-initiate a tumor. Metastasis initiation is not always immediate as disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) may enter a non-dividing state of cell dormancy. Cancer dormancy is a reversible condition that can be maintained

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Park, So-Yeon, and Jeong-Seok Nam. "The force awakens: metastatic dormant cancer cells." Experimental & Molecular Medicine 52, no. 4 (2020): 569–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s12276-020-0423-z.

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Abstract Recurrent cancer that spreads to distant sites is the leading cause of disease-related death among cancer patients. Cancer cells are likely to disseminate during cancer progression, and some may enter dormancy, remaining viable but not increasing. These dormant cancer cells (DCCs) are rarely detectable with current diagnostic systems. Moreover, they can interpret homoeostatic signals from the microenvironment, thereby evading immune surveillance and chemotherapy. Eventually, DCCs can reawaken in response to signals, which are not yet fully understood, resulting in recurrence and metas

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Korentzelos, Dimitrios, Amanda M. Clark, and Alan Wells. "A Perspective on Therapeutic Pan-Resistance in Metastatic Cancer." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 19 (2020): 7304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21197304.

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Metastatic spread represents the leading cause of disease-related mortality among cancer patients. Many cancer patients suffer from metastatic relapse years or even decades after radical surgery for the primary tumor. This clinical phenomenon is explained by the early dissemination of cancer cells followed by a long period of dormancy. Although dormancy could be viewed as a window of opportunity for therapeutic interventions, dormant disseminated cancer cells and micrometastases, as well as emergent outgrowing macrometastases, exhibit a generalized, innate resistance to chemotherapy and even i

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Andryka-Dudek, Paulina, Katarzyna Ciacka, Anita Wiśniewska, Renata Bogatek, and Agnieszka Gniazdowska. "Nitric Oxide-Induced Dormancy Removal of Apple Embryos Is Linked to Alterations in Expression of Genes Encoding ABA and JA Biosynthetic or Transduction Pathways and RNA Nitration." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 5 (2019): 1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051007.

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Short-term (3 h) treatment of embryos isolated from dormant apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) seeds with NO donors stimulates their transition from dormancy to germination. Seed dormancy is maintained by ABA, while germination is controlled mainly by gibberellins (GAs) and jasmonic acid (JA). NO-induced dormancy removal correlates with low ABA concentration in embryonic axes and reduced embryo sensitivity to ABA. We analyzed the expression of genes encoding key enzymes of ABA degradation (CYP707A1, CYP707A2), biosynthesis (NCED3, NCED9), and elements of the ABA transduction pathway (PYL1, PYL2, R

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Lei, Xiufen, Zhiqiang Bai, Fengchun Ye, Yufei Huang, and Shou-Jiang Gao. "MicroRNAs control herpesviral dormancy." Cell Cycle 9, no. 7 (2010): 1225–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/cc.9.7.11387.

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Şin, Bahadir, and İzzet Kadıoğlu. "A Study on Germination Biology of Wild Mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.)." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 9, no. 4 (2021): 728–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v9i4.728-732.4054.

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This study has been carried out in 2017-2018 in order to determine seed dormancy and effective germination depth wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.). The in-vitro dormancy breaking experiments (tip breaking, sanding, H2SO4 application, holding in flowing and still water, GA3, KNO3 and GA3+KNO3 combination application) has been applied to wild mustard seeds collected from wheat field in Tokat province and has been applied to wild mustard seeds collected from wheat field in Tokat province and the most effective method was determined as 1000 ppm GA3+KNO3 with 98% impact on seed germination at 15°C

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Finch-Savage, William E., and Steven Footitt. "To germinate or not to germinate: a question of dormancy relief not germination stimulation." Seed Science Research 22, no. 4 (2012): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258512000165.

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AbstractA common understanding of the control of germination through dormancy is essential for effective communication between seed scientists whether they are ecologists, physiologists or molecular biologists. Vleeshouwerset al.(1995) realized that barriers between disciplines limited progress and through insightful conclusions in their paper ‘Redefining seed dormancy: an attempt to integrate physiology and ecology’, they did much to overcome these barriers at that time. However, times move on, understanding develops, and now there is a case for ‘Redefining seed dormancy as an integration of

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Ilghami, Roghayeh, Abolfazl Barzegari, Mohammad Reza Mashayekhi, Didier Letourneur, Michel Crepin, and Graciela Pavon-Djavid. "The conundrum of dietary antioxidants in cancer chemotherapy." Nutrition Reviews 78, no. 1 (2019): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuz027.

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Abstract Although chemotherapy succeeds in reducing tumor burden, the efficacy is limited due to acquired drug resistance and often irreparable side effects. Studies show that antioxidants may influence the response to chemotherapy and its side effects, although their use remains controversial. The evidence shows that some chemo-drugs induce oxidative stress and lead to normal tissue apoptosis and the entry of cancer cells to a dormant G0 state. Through the suppression of oxidative stress, antioxidants could protect normal cells and bring the tumor out of dormancy so as to expose it to chemoth

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Boon, Calvin, Rong Li, Robert Qi, and Thomas Dick. "Proteins of Mycobacterium bovis BCG Induced in the Wayne Dormancy Model." Journal of Bacteriology 183, no. 8 (2001): 2672–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.183.8.2672-2676.2001.

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ABSTRACT Oxygen starvation triggers the shiftdown of the obligate aerobeMycobacterium bovis BCG to a state of dormancy. Two-dimensional electrophoresis showed a drastic up-regulation of the α-crystallin homolog, the putative response regulator Rv3133c, and the two conserved hypothetical proteins Rv2623 and Rv2626c in dormant bacilli.

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BARNHART, M. CHRISTOPHER, and BRIAN R. McMAHON. "Depression of Aerobic Metabolism and Intracellular pH by Hypercapnia in Land Snails, Otala Lactea." Journal of Experimental Biology 138, no. 1 (1988): 289–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.138.1.289.

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The pulmonate land snail Otala lactea undergoes simultaneous hypercapnia, hypoxia, extracellular acidosis and metabolic depression during dormancy. We tested the effects of ambient hypercapnia and hypoxia on oxygen consumption (VO2) and on extracellular and intracellular pH of active (i.e. non-dormant) individuals. Active snails reduced VO2, by 50% within l h when exposed to 65mmHg (1 mmHg = 133.3Pa) ambient PCO2, and by 63% in 98mmHg. These levels of CO2 are within the range that occurs naturally in the lung and blood during dormancy. VO2 of hypercapnic snails remained below that of controls

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Chaterjee, Moumita, and Kenneth L. van Golen. "Breast Cancer Stem Cells Survive Periods of Farnesyl-Transferase Inhibitor-Induced Dormancy by Undergoing Autophagy." Bone Marrow Research 2011 (July 7, 2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/362938.

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A cancer stem cell has been defined as a cell within a tumor that possesses the capacity to self-renew and to cause the heterogeneous lineages of cancer cells that comprise the tumor. These tumor-forming cells could hypothetically originate from stem, progenitor, or differentiated cells. Previously, we have shown that breast cancer cells with low metastatic potential can be induced into a reversible state of dormancy by farnesyl transferase inhibitors (FTIs). Dormancy was induced by changes in RhoA and RhoC GTPases. Specifically, RhoA was found to be hypoactivated while RhoC was hyperactivated

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Stawska, Marlena, and Krystyna Oracz. "phyB and HY5 are Involved in the Blue Light-Mediated Alleviation of Dormancy of Arabidopsis Seeds Possibly via the Modulation of Expression of Genes Related to Light, GA, and ABA." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 23 (2019): 5882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20235882.

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Light is one of the most important environmental factors regulating seed germination. It is known that light inhibits seed germination of some monocotyledonous species and that it is mostly related to the blue wavelength of the spectrum received by cryptochromes (cry). Research has also found that the red light (R) stimulates germination of dicotyledonous seeds and that this reaction involves mainly phytochromes (phy). Surprisingly, up to date, the role and the mechanism of action of blue light (BL) in seed biology of dicot plants is still very poorly understood and some questions are unexplai

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Hradilová, Iveta, Martin Duchoslav, Jan Brus, et al. "Variation in wild pea (Pisum sativumsubsp.elatius) seed dormancy and its relationship to the environment and seed coat traits." PeerJ 7 (January 14, 2019): e6263. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6263.

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BackgroundSeed germination is one of the earliest key events in the plant life cycle. The timing of transition from seed to seedling is an important developmental stage determining the survival of individuals that influences the status of populations and species. Because of wide geographical distribution and occurrence in diverse habitats, wild pea (Pisum sativumsubsp.elatius) offers an excellent model to study physical type of seed dormancy in an ecological context. This study addresses the gap in knowledge of association between the seed dormancy, seed properties and environmental factors, e

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Zhang, Keliang, Yin Zhang, Yusong Ji, Jeffrey L. Walck, and Jun Tao. "Seed Biology of Lepidium apetalum (Brassicaceae), with Particular Reference to Dormancy and Mucilage Development." Plants 9, no. 3 (2020): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9030333.

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Lepidium apetalum (Brassicaceae) is an annual or biennial weed widely distributed in Asia and Europe. The outer surface of L. apetalum seeds produces a large amount of mucilage. The primary aim of this study was to explore the dormancy characteristics and to determine how mucilage develops. The role of mucilage in water absorption/dehydration, the effects of after-ripening, gibberellin acid (GA3), cold stratification and seed coat scarification on germination, the role of mucilage in germination and seedling growth during drought, and the progress of mucilage production during seed development

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Yu, W., J. Kim, and L. Ossowski. "Reduction in Surface Urokinase Receptor Forces Malignant Cells into a Protracted State of Dormancy." Journal of Cell Biology 137, no. 3 (1997): 767–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.137.3.767.

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Considerable evidence links urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) bound to its surface receptor (uPAR) with enhanced invasiveness of cancer cells. By blocking uPAR expression in human epidermoid carcinoma cells (HEp3), we have now identified an additional and novel in vivo function for this receptor by showing that receptor-deficient cells enter a state of dormancy reminiscent of that observed in human cancer metastasis. Its main characteristic is survival without signs of progressive growth. Five clones transfected with a vector expressing uPAR antisense RNA under the β-actin promoter were is

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Raz, V., J. H. Bergervoet, and M. Koornneef. "Sequential steps for developmental arrest in Arabidopsis seeds." Development 128, no. 2 (2001): 243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.128.2.243.

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The continuous growth of the plant embryo is interrupted during the seed maturation processes which results in a dormant seed. The embryo continues development after germination when it grows into a seedling. The embryo growth phase starts after morphogenesis and ends when the embryo fills the seed sac. Very little is known about the processes regulating this phase. We describe mutants that affect embryo growth in two sequential developmental stages. Firstly, embryo growth arrest is regulated by the FUS3/LEC type genes, as mutations in these genes cause a continuation of growth in immature emb

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Leistikow, Rachel L., Russell A. Morton, Iona L. Bartek, Isaac Frimpong, Karleen Wagner, and Martin I. Voskuil. "The Mycobacterium tuberculosis DosR Regulon Assists in Metabolic Homeostasis and Enables Rapid Recovery from Nonrespiring Dormancy." Journal of Bacteriology 192, no. 6 (2009): 1662–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00926-09.

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ABSTRACT Mycobacterium tuberculosis survives in latently infected individuals, likely in a nonreplicating or dormancy-like state. The M. tuberculosis DosR regulon is a genetic program induced by conditions that inhibit aerobic respiration and prevent bacillus replication. In this study, we used a mutant incapable of DosR regulon induction to investigate the contribution of this regulon to bacterial metabolism during anaerobic dormancy. Our results confirm that the DosR regulon is essential for M. tuberculosis survival during anaerobic dormancy and demonstrate that it is required for metabolic

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Bahar, Nawa. "Seed biology and pre-sowing treatment of Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Backer ex K. Heyne." Indian Journal of Forestry 34, no. 4 (2011): 447–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2011-11mw7v.

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Peltophorum pterocarpum a multipurpose tree species produces hardcoated and light brown colour seeds. Seed has physical dormancy due to hardiness of testa. Suitable pretreatment to break the dormancy was investigated. Germination was enhanced from 19.50 % (untreated) to 92.30 % (mechanical scarification). Although mechanical scarification treatment gives early, uniform and highest germination but it is not practicable in large-scale purposes. Therefore, hot water soaking for 24 hours or sulphuric acid for 30 minutes soaking is recommended.

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Kamemizu, Chizuru, and Toshihiko Fujimori. "Distinct dormancy progression depending on embryonic regions during mouse embryonic diapause†." Biology of Reproduction 100, no. 5 (2019): 1204–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolre/ioz017.

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Abstract Many mammalian species undergo embryonic diapause and suspend development at the blastocyst stage before implantation, which is also known as delayed implantation. We studied the process of how mouse embryos enter a dormancy status at a cellular level. Immunofluorescent analysis of differentiation markers for epiblast, primitive endoderm, and trophectoderm suggested that cell differentiation status was maintained during 7 days in diapause. To understand the progression of cellular dormancy during diapause, we examined the expression of a transgenic cell cycle marker Fucci2 and Ki67 by

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Shalimu, Dilinuer, Juan Qiu, Dunyan Tan, Carol C. Baskin, and Jerry M. Baskin. "Seed Biology of the Invasive Species Buffalobur (Solanum rostratum) in Northwest China." Weed Science 60, no. 2 (2012): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-11-00148.1.

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Buffalobur is an invasive summer annual species in Xinjiang Province, China. Our purpose was to investigate certain aspects of the seed biology of this weedy species that might be useful in controlling it. In contrast to a previous report that fresh seeds have physical (water-impermeable seed coat) plus physiological (low growth potential of embryo) dormancy, our results, along with those of others, verify that the seeds have only physiological dormancy. The seed's coat is water-permeable, the embryo is fully developed at seed maturity, and dormancy can be broken by cold stratification in the

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Agurahe, Lisa, Henny L. Rampe, and Feky R. Mantiri. "PEMATAHAN DORMANSI BENIH PALA (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) MENGGUNAKAN HORMON GIBERALIN." PHARMACON 8, no. 1 (2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/pha.8.2019.29232.

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ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the breakdown of nutmeg seed dormancy after application using the hormone giberalin, and get the best concentration of giberalin in breaking nutmeg seed dormancy. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Basic Biology, Biology Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University in December 2017 to February of 2018. This study used the experimental method Complete Random Design (CRD) with three replications. Treatment of Giberalin hormone concentration with four levels of treatment, namely GA3 0 ppm (G0) (control), G

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Daniel, Jaiyanth, Chirajyoti Deb, Vinod S. Dubey, et al. "Induction of a Novel Class of Diacylglycerol Acyltransferases and Triacylglycerol Accumulation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis as It Goes into a Dormancy-Like State in Culture." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 15 (2004): 5017–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.15.5017-5030.2004.

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ABSTRACT Mycobacterium tuberculosis enters the host by inhalation of an infectious aerosol and replicates in the alveolar macrophages until the host's immune defense causes bacteriostasis, which leads the pathogen to go into nonreplicative drug-resistant dormancy. The dormant pathogen can survive for decades till the host's immune system is weakened and active tuberculosis develops. Even though fatty acids are thought to be the major energy source required for the persistence phase, the source of fatty acids used is not known. We postulate that the pathogen uses triacylglycerol (TG) as a stora

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Lee, Chung-Shu, Ching-Te Chien, Chao-Hsiung Lin, Yi-Ying Chiu, and Yuh-Shyong Yang. "Protein changes between dormant and dormancy-broken seeds ofPrunus campanulata Maxim." PROTEOMICS 6, no. 14 (2006): 4147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.200500118.

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Shimamoto, So, Yohei Nishimura, Go Nagamatsu, et al. "Hypoxia induces the dormant state in oocytes through expression of Foxo3." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 25 (2019): 12321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1817223116.

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In mammals, most immature oocytes remain dormant in the primordial follicles to ensure the longevity of female reproductive life. A precise understanding of mechanisms underlying the dormancy is important for reproductive biology and medicine. In this study, by comparing mouse oogenesis in vivo and in vitro, the latter of which bypasses the primordial follicle stage, we defined the gene-expression profile representing the dormant state of oocytes. Overexpression of constitutively active FOXO3 partially reproduced the dormant state in vitro. Based on further gene-expression analysis, we found t

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Postma, Froukje M., and Jon Ågren. "Early life stages contribute strongly to local adaptation in Arabidopsis thaliana." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 27 (2016): 7590–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1606303113.

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The magnitude and genetic basis of local adaptation is of fundamental interest in evolutionary biology. However, field experiments usually do not consider early life stages, and therefore may underestimate local adaptation and miss genetically based tradeoffs. We examined the contribution of differences in seedling establishment to adaptive differentiation and the genetic architecture of local adaptation using recombinant inbred lines (RIL) derived from a cross between two locally adapted populations (Italy and Sweden) of the annual plant Arabidopsis thaliana. We planted freshly matured, dorma

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Liu, Jianyang, Md Tabibul Islam, Suzanne Laliberte, David C. Haak, and Sherif M. Sherif. "Fall Applications of Ethephon Modulates Gene Networks Controlling Bud Development during Dormancy in Peach (Prunus Persica)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 12 (2022): 6801. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23126801.

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Ethephon (ET) is an ethylene-releasing plant growth regulator (PGR) that can delay the bloom time in Prunus, thus reducing the risk of spring frost, which is exacerbated by global climate change. However, the adoption of ET is hindered by its detrimental effects on tree health. Little knowledge is available regarding the mechanism of how ET shifts dormancy and flowering phenology in peach. This study aimed to further characterize the dormancy regulation network at the transcriptional level by profiling the gene expression of dormant peach buds from ET-treated and untreated trees using RNA-Seq

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Meiliana, Anna, Nurrani Mustika Dewi, and Andi Wijaya. "Targeting Metastatic Cancer: Disseminated Tumor Cells and Premetastatic Niches." Indonesian Biomedical Journal 14, no. 4 (2022): 329–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18585/inabj.v14i4.2035.

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BACKGROUND: Metastases are simply known as cancers spread to another part of the body, and often be responsible for the severity of cancer prognosis. Somehow, the complex mechanisms of metastases are not fully understood yet.CONTENT: The characteristic of cancer is akin to a never-healing wound. Cancer cells are plastic and dynamic as they build their niches and developed into metastases, even when they seem dormant. Therefore, cancer cells can survive the immune system. Recent research has shown the distinct biology of metastasis-initiating cell, which leads to tumor development in distant or

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