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Walle, Desalegn Ayichew. "Dorper sheep cross breeding with Indigenous sheep breed in Ethiopia." Journal of Applied and Advanced Research 4, no. 1 (February 23, 2019): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2019.v4i1.250.
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The objective of this review paper was to review dorper sheep cross breeding with indigenous sheep breed in Ethiopia. The paper reviewed and discussed the history of dorper breed introduction, research and development efforts in crossbreeding and their performance under on-station and on-farm management. Formal survey on farmers perception on Dorper cross sheep indicated that the crossbred dorper sheep have non selective feed behavior and excellent in meat production under farmer`s management. On other study showed that dorper sheep was not meet farmer interest in breeding sheep aspect because of black coat color. The performance of indigenous sheep and their crosses with Dorper varied as per the location, management, farming conditions and percentage of exotic blood level inheritance. Different research output by team of researchers on farm and on station performance evaluation of dorper indicated that crossbreds often outperformed their local contemporaries. Under on farm condition, body weight at different ages was significantly higher in 50% Dorper crosses as compared to their 25% and75% counter parts.On station birth weight of Dorper (3.39 3.8 kg) better than crossbreed (3.0 3.24 ± 0.04 kg) and local sheep (2.36 2.77 kg), respectively.While the mean weaning weight (14 16 kg) and yearling weight (26.95 32.43 ± 0.46 kg) of 50% Dorper crossbreed was better than indigenous sheep breeds. However, crossbred ewes and local sheep breeds did not differ in litter size. Dorper crosses with Afar under on station is not economically important due to lower weight in all aspects. Crossbreeding programs of dorper with indigenous sheep require strong research and development support from public service and non-governmental institutions for sustainable design, optimization, and implementation in clearly defined production environments.
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Baker, R. L., J. M. Mugambi, J. O. Audho, A. B. Carles, and W. Thorpe. "Genotype by environment interactions for productivity and resistance to gastro-intestinal nematode parasites in Red Maasai and Dorper sheep." Animal Science 79, no. 3 (December 2004): 343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800090214.
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AbstractRed Maasai and Dorper sheep were evaluated for their resistance to gastro-intestinal (GI) nematode parasites (predominantly Haemonchus contortus), productivity and productive efficiency (assessed on a metabolizable energy basis) in experiments undertaken at the Kenyan coast (sub-humid environment) and the Kenya highlands (semi-arid environment). In both ewes and lambs there were few significant genotype by environment (G X E) interactions for either resistance (assessed by faecal egg counts-FEC) or resilience (assessed by blood packed red cell volume-PCV) to GI nematodes. Red Maasai sheep were consistently more resistant (low FEC) and more resilient (high PCV) than Dorper sheep. However, there were significant G X £ interactions for ewe reproductive performance and for ewe and lamb mortality rates and live weights. These interactions were due to very poor performance of the Dorper compared to the Red Maasai in the sub-humid coastal environment and to the much improved performance of the Dorper in the semi-arid environment. When these component traits were combined into estimates of flock productivity and productive efficiency there were highly significant GXE interactions with the Red Maasai sheep being considerably more efficient than Dorper sheep in the sub-humid environment, while in the semi-arid environment there was a negligible breed difference in productive efficiency. The results are discussed in terms of breeding strategies for smallholder farmers and pastoralists managing sheep in low-input systems in sub-humid and semi-arid environments.
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Csizmár, Nikolett, András Jávor, and Szilvia Kusza. "Examination of microsatellite markers of Dorper sheep breed." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 69 (March 23, 2016): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/69/1789.
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Number of not woolly and molty sheep exceeds 60 million throughout the world. Their numbers and their importance is growing, still they have appeared in the past two decades all over in North-America, Australia, New-Zealand and also in Europe. The South African Dorper has been a pioneer among them in Hungary. It was introduced in 2006 in the country. The Dorper sheep is the second largest breed in South Africa, which was developed from the crossing of Dorset Horn and the Blackhead Persian. The aim of the EU Member States in terms of this specific breed is increasing the small populations, improving the productive qualities, in addition to this avoiding inbreeding. However, finding appropriate breeding stock is difficult due to the small size of available populations and also to the suspected common of origin. With the help of various molecular genetic methods we could get a total view of the genetic background of these flocks. Nowadays the most commonly known and used genetic markers are microsatellites, because their applications give fast, accurate and easily reproducible results. There is no specific descriptive information on the genetic background of Dorper populations in the various EU countries , also regarding diversity between populations. Therefore in our work we want to optimize the conditions of applicability of 31 selected microsatellite reactions as a first step of mapping the entire genetic background of the different EU Dorper populations.
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Flores, Victor V., Juan Martinez, Michelle Garcia, and Randy L. Stanko. "PSX-38 Reproductive performance of Dorper ewes with varying days post-partum to ram introduction in the non-breeding season." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 450–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.887.
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Abstract With the decrease of a wool favored market, hair type sheep have become increasingly popular for lamb markets. In Texas, the most popular hair type breed of sheep is the Dorper. Various breed characteristics make the Dorper sheep an excellent candidate for an accelerated lambing system. Reproductive performance of Dorper ewes with various lengths of post-partum interval, during the traditional non-breeding season, was determined. During May (13L:11D), 2+ yr-old multiparous ewes (n = 28) were joined with a fertile ram for 30 d. Weekly blood samples were taken for progesterone analysis. Ewes were blocked according to length of post-partum interval (lamb to ram): short (SPP; n = 10, 100 ± 2.7 d), mid (MPP; n = 11, 130 ± 0.68 d) and long (LPP; n = 7, >200 d). Weaning age of lamb(s) from previous parturition was similar for SPP (62 ± 3.2 d) and MPP (67 ± 0.6 d). Interestingly, 11% of the ewes had a functional CL at initiation of the study (P4 > 1.5 ng/mL). Mean body condition score for SPP, MPP, and LPP ewes were 2.8 ± 0.08, 3.1 ± 0.09, and 3.7 ± 0.08, respectively. Pregnancy rates were similar between MPP (100%), LPP (100%) and SPP (60%). Overall, pregnancy rate was 87% and a lamb crop (lambs per ewe exposed) was 1.3 ± 0.09. Twinning rate for SPP, MPP, and LPP was 20%, 73%, and 43%, respectively. Pregnancy rate in SPP ewes may indicate carryover of the suppressive effects of lactation and suckling. Results suggest a lamb to ram interval of >100 d is sufficient for response to the ram effect and resumption of estrous cycles in a majority of ewes during photoperiod of 13L:11D. We conclude Dorper sheep have the reproductive capacity to successfully meet the production goals of accelerated lambing systems and thus, the potential for optimized lamb production.
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Da Silva, Valquiria Cordeiro, José Pinheiro Lopes Neto, José Henrique Souza Costa, Dermeval Araújo Furtado, and Jaciara Ribeiro Miranda. "ETHOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF CREATED SHEEP IN THE SUN AND SHADE IN THE SEMI-ARID REGION OF PARAIBA." ENERGIA NA AGRICULTURA 33, no. 4 (February 4, 2019): 338–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17224/energagric.2018v33n4p338-344.
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Sheep breeding displays high potential, but, in order to maximize productivity, the exploitation of the entire genetic potential of these animals, combined with diets tailored to meet their nutritional requirements, is required. Knowledge on sheep ingestive behavior is important for diet evaluations, which allows for adjustments regarding dietary management, in order to obtain superior productive performance. In this context, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the interference of two distinct environments in the behavioral responses of Santa Inês and Dorper sheep breeding activities during the dry period at the Paraíba Cariri region. The study was carried out in the municipality of Caturité, Paraíba, with 20 male sheep, 10 Santa Inês breeds and 10 Dorper breeds. The animals were subdivided into four lots, containing five animals each, and placed in two different environments, in the sun and in the shade. Feeding behavior was determined by quantifying parameters for 10 hours/day, at 5 min intervals. A completely randomized design (CRD) in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme was applied, of two breeds and two environments, with three replicates. The data were analyzed by SAS, applying the chi-square test. The main daily sheep activities comprised alternate periods of feeding, rumination and idleness, and behavioral activities were exhibited the worse results in the sun environment.
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Pogodaev, Vladimir Anikeevich, Natalia Vladimirovna Sergeeva, and Bator Kanurovich Aduchiev. "GROWTH ENERGY AND MEAT QUALITIES OF KALMYK KU FAT-TAILED BREED BUCK LAMBS AND CROSSBREEDS (1/2 KALMYK FAT-TAILED + 1/2 DORPER) IN RAPID FATTENING." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 7 (July 30, 2020): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2020i7pp50-54.
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The meat qualities of rams of Kalmyk fat tail breed and crossbreeds (1/2 Kalmyk fat tail fat + 1/2 Dorper) in rapid fattening were studied. It has been established that cross-breeding young animals bred by crossing sheep of the Kalmyk fat tail breed with sheep of the Dorper breed have increased growth energy and are significantly higher than purebred peers of the Kalmyk fat tail breed. The live weight of crossbones (1/2 Kalmyk fat tail + 1/2 Dorper) was 6.19 kg more at the age of four months, 11.18 kg more at the age of six months than that of purebred peers. Cross-breeding animals had higher indices of elongation, pectorality, and massiveness, while pure-bred animals of the Kalmyk breed were characterized by higher indices of long-legged and overgrown. The cross-cut rams had high slaughter and meat qualities. After fattening, they significantly exceeded the purebred peers in terms of pre-slaughter live weight by 11.07 kg, by weight of chilled carcass by 5.37 kg, by slaughter weight by 5.18 kg, and by weight of pulp in the carcass by 4.86 kg and by the area of the “muscle eye” - by 3.54 cm2. The young meat products were of high quality. The mass of cuts of the first grade in absolute and relative terms is greater in the carcasses of crossbred rams.
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Lourencon, Raquel, Lionel Dawson, Ryszard Puchala, Luana P. Ribeiro, Terry A. Gipson, Erick Loetz, Miguel Rojas, Mauricio Calle, Adaven Scronce, and Arthur L. Goetsch. "PSX-40 Effects of nutritional plane before breeding on performance of hair sheep." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.886.
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Abstract The objective of the study was to determine effects of the nutritional plane before breeding on performance of different hair sheep breeds. Twenty-five Dorper, 27 Katahdin, and 32 St. Croix ewes with initial BW of 65.6, 65.7, and 54.3 kg (SEM=1.95) and body condition score (BCS; 1–5) of 3.35, 3.29, and 3.09, respectively, consumed wheat straw ad libitum for 11 wk before breeding. Ewes of each breed were divided into four groups, with two groups per nutritional plane (NP). Ewes on a low NP (Low-NP) were supplemented with 0.16% BW (DM) of soybean meal (SBM) and ewes on the high NP (High-NP) received 0.8% BW (DM basis) of 0.25% soybean meal and 0.75% ground corn. Ewes were divided into two groups for estrus synchronization. Four rams of each breed were used, two for the first 17 d of breeding and the other two from d 17 to 34. Conception and embryo mortality were determined by ultrasound imaging at 25 and approximately 40 d post-breeding. Average daily gain and BCS change were similar among breeds, but both were greater for High-NP vs. Low-NP (ADG: 57 vs. -4 g, SEM=8.1; BCS change: 0.22 vs. -0.02, SEM=0.041). Wheat straw DMI was greater (P = 0.01) for Low-NP than for High-NP (2.02 and 1.58% BW, respectively; SEM=0.042) and for St. Croix than for Dorper and Katahdin (P = 0.04; 1.96, 1.68, and 1.74% BW, respectively, SEM=0.060). There were no differences in the number of services or conception (P > 0.05), and no embryo mortality was noted. In conclusion, NP did not influence reproductive performance assessed early after breeding despite differences in ADG and BCS change. This may be due to moderate initial BCS and increased straw intake by Low-NP ewes.
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Abdulmuslimov, A. M., A. A. Khozhokov, A. R. Mirzaev, and Yu A. Yuldashbaev. "Live weight of rams of Dagestan mountain breed and crossbreeds obtained from crossing with rams of the Russian meat merino breed." Agrarian science, no. 2 (April 7, 2021): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2021-345-2-29-32.
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Relevance and methods. The article considers the experience of studying the effect of crossing Kalmyk sheep and dorper sheep-breeders in order to increase meat productivity. Crossbred rams of the experimental group had better indicators than rams in the control group in terms of live weight, depending on the conditions of pasture maintenance. Dagestan has a fifth of the Russian sheep and goat population and a quarter of wool production. In this area sheep breeding has a unique specificity, twice a year cattle are driven from summer to winter pastures and back. The distance between the pasture areas is more than 570 km. Of the total number of sheep, 71.5% falls on the Dagestan mountain breed.Results. To further increase the level of profitability of fine-wool sheep breeding it is of great importance to develop research on the economic and useful characteristics of young Dagestani fine-wool sheep and their crossbreeds with Russian meat merino sheep, depending on the driving and pasture system of keeping.
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Baylov, V. V., and L. N. Trudova. "Rams balanoposthitis treatment." International bulletin of Veterinary Medicine 1 (2020): 145–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17238/issn2072-2419.2020.1.145.
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In recent years, sheep farms in the Lenin-grad region began to increase import from abroad of sheep breed "Dorper" This breed were bred in the 1930s in the deserts of South Africa. Later this breed began to be exported to Australia, the UK and in small quantities to Russia. Breed "Dorper" very precocious, young quickly gaining live weight up to 500 grams per day. Adult sheep reach a weight up to 90 kg or more. Rams can be used as producers from 5 months. Taking into account that, like all meat breeds of sheep, dorpers are very sensitive to drafts, high humidity, dampness in sheep-fields. The object of research- breeding sheep breed "Dorper". The research was carried out in the farm "SP A. Krylov" Leningrad re-gion. Two groups of 3 heads each were formed to treat the rams. In the scheme of treatment of animals of the first (experimental) group, a finely dispersed soft powder (manganese-acid potassium+copper sulfate+ boric acid + streptocide 1:1:3:5) was used, which was applied on the ulcer with the help of a powder blower. For animals of the second group were applied "Konkov ointment". For the rams of both groups were used a short novocaine blockade with an antibiotic (streptomycin) directly under the pathological focus. Repeated treatments were carried out after 3,6,12 16 days. It should be noted that balanoposthitis in rams appears mainly in autumn and spring. The use of complex powders in rams with ulcerative balanoposthitis showed positive dynamics of the course of this disease, re-duces the healing time of the ulcer surface by 3-4 days, compared to the conventional treatment in the farm with the use of "Konkov ointment
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Moreira, Roberta Tavares, Ana Lourdes Arrais de Alencar Mota, Antonio Carlos Lopes Câmara, Benito Soto-Blanco, and José Renato Junqueira Borges. "FAMACHA©: Predictive value for control of Haemonchus sp. in sheep from Brazilian Cerrado." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 42, no. 5 (July 2, 2021): 2825–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n5p2825.
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This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of FAMACHA© method, correlating with packed cell volume (PCV) and egg count (FEC), as well as to evaluate the clinical signs of Haemonchus sp. infection in sheep from Brazilian Cerrado. Over two years (2017 to 2019), 1,435 sheep were subjected to clinical and parasitological evaluations. Sheep from six breeds (Santa Inês, Dorper, White Dorper, Ile de France, Suffolk, and crossbreed) were subdivided into five production categories (pregnant, lactating, non-pregnant/lactating ewes, breeding males, and weaned lambs). Parasitological evaluations included FEC and coproculture. In the clinical evaluation, all sheep underwent determination of the FAMACHA© score and PCV. Haemonchus sp. larvae were predominant in coprocultures of the flocks (76.4%) and in each animal production category evaluated (69.4 to 84.3%). FAMACHA© method showed high sensitivity (70.6%) for evaluating sheep with scores ≥ 3, and PCV < 23%, and high specificity (97.5%) in animals with higher scores (4 and 5), and PCV < 18%. A negative correlation was observed between FAMACHA© scores and PCV (-0.46) and between PCV and FEC (-0.47), while a positive correlation was observed between FAMACHA© scores and FEC (0.22) (p < 0.01). The vast majority of the animals evaluated (54.5%) were clinically resistant to gastrointestinal parasites. Due to the high sensitivity and specificity, we concluded that the method could be a valuable diagnostic alternative and an ancillary tool in the implementation of selective treatment for helminthic infection in sheep from Brazilian Cerrado.
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Cao, Yu, Jing Pan, Yanru Zhang, and Huanmin Zhou. "Regulation mechanisms of positive cold tolerance in Mongolian sheep." Animal Biology 70, no. 1 (2020): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15707563-20191076.
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Abstract Mongolian sheep survive well on the Mongolian plateau during tremendously cold winters, but their cold response mechanisms are not well understood. By comparing with Dorper sheep originating from South Africa, we expected to reveal the cold tolerance mechanisms of Mongolian sheep on the basis of transcriptome data, further providing molecular evidence for the targeted breeding of sheep. Based on the mRNA data of RNA-seq, we selected candidate genes among the differentially expressed genes; 7 from adipose tissue, 33 from skeletal muscle, and 10 from the liver. According to enriched KEGG pathways and previous research results, the effects of the above candidate genes mainly involved weakening the synthesis of long-chain fatty acids, raising the adaptive thermogenesis and browning adipogenesis in fat, reducing glucose 6-phosphate, stimulating citrulline generation and enhancing lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle, and postponing cell senescence in the liver. The findings also demonstrate the regulation mechanisms of cold tolerance in different tissues of Mongolian sheep.
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Colato, C., M. Albornoz, M. L. Mellano, P. H. Mellano, J. I. Mellano, A. Meltsas, M. A. Mellano, J. C. Mellano, V. Bordignon, and H. Baldassarre. "33 PRODUCTION OF CLONED BOER GOATS AND DORPER SHEEP IN ARGENTINA." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 23, no. 1 (2011): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv23n1ab33.
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Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has been proposed as an outstanding tool for expanding the dissemination capacity of animals of extreme genetic value, as well as for the genetic resurrection of elite animals affected by incurable disease or that died suddenly. Numbers of outstanding males of meat-specialised breeds of goats (Boer) and sheep (Dorper) recently imported into Argentina were expanded using SCNT technology. Oocytes were collected by laparoscopic ovum pickup (LOPU) from 40 Raza Criolla goats and 38 crossbreed sheep that were hormonally stimulated, as described previously (Baldassarre et al. 2002 Theriogenology 57, 275). Oocyte maturation, cell transfer, fusion and activation, culture, and transfer to recipients were conducted following procedures previously described (Baldassarre et al. 2003 Cloning Stem Cells 5, 279). Briefly, oocytes were matured in vitro for 24 h in TCM 199 supplemented with hormones and 10% serum, at 38.5°C and 5% CO2. 2 caprine fetal fibroblast cell lines (FF1 and FF2) were established from purebred Boer fetuses generated by selective breeding of elite animals, while a fibroblast ovine line was established from a skin biopsy from an elite Dorper ram. Cells were transferred into previously enucleated oocytes, followed by electric fusion using a single DC pulse of 1.6 kV cm–1 for 70 μs. Finally, the reconstructed embryos were activated using ionomycin (5 μM/5 min) followed by cycloheximide (10 μg mL–1) and cytochalasin B (7.5 μg mL–1) for 4 to 5 h, followed by in vitro culture in mSOF media before transfer into the oviducts of synchronized recipients within 24 h after fusion. An average of 10.4 and 12.8 reconstructed embryos were transferred to each of 21 and 12 recipient goats and sheep, respectively. Pregnancy was detected and monitored for the first 3 months by transrectal ultrasound scanning. Initial pregnancy (4 recipients, 33%) was maintained from gestation Day 30 to term in sheep, while goats exhibited a dramatic drop from 9 recipients pregnant (41%) on Day 30 to only 2 (9%) giving birth. Deliveries were by elective C-section. The number of normal offspring with good postpartum survival was 2/2 in goats (100%) and 3/5 (60%) in sheep. Substantial differences were observed between the 2 cell lines used in goats, where pregnancy was 4/11 (36%) for FF1 and 5/10 (50%) for FF2 at Day 30; however, only 2 goats carrying FF2 pregnancies carried. These results are in agreement with previous reports suggesting that cell line may be the largest source of result variation in SCNT. At the time of writing this abstract these clones are ∼4 months of age, healthy and growing normally (>40 kg weight). To the best of our knowledge, these are the first cloned goats produced by SCNT technology in Latin America, and the second group to produce cloned sheep in the region.
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Vargens, Michelle Lemos, Margarida Paula Carreira de Sá Prazeres, Rosiane de Jesus Barros, Erlin Cely Cotrim Cavalcante, Analy Castro Lustosa Cavalcante, Mylena Andréa Oliveira Torres, Tiago da Silva Teófilo, and Daniel Praseres Chaves. "Prevalence and risk factors associated with Maedi-Visna infection in sheep in the State of Maranhão, Brazil." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 5 (April 26, 2021): e2210514440. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i5.14440.
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In order to determine Maedi-Visna virus (MVV) seroprevalence and risk factors associated with infection in sheep, 445 animals of both sexes and different ages were tested using the Agarose Gel Immunodiffusion technique (IDGA). The animals were divided into two groups: group 1 composed of exhibition animals (n=70) and group 2 composed of animals from properties from the north, east and central mesoregions of the state of Maranhão (n=375). The general prevalence of MVV infection was 2.02%; 1.42% in group 1 and 2.13% in group 2. In the north mesoregion the prevalence was 2.20%, while a total of 40% of the animals living in municipalities for MVV. It was observed that 1.15% of males and 2.23% of females were seropositive (p> 0.20). Regarding breeds, the Dorper (1.66%); Santa Inês (1.67%); White Dorper (33.33%) and Texel (4.34%) were the most affected. This was the only variable among all the risk factors studied that had a significant association in multivariate analysis (p <0.05). MVV infection is present regardless of the purpose of breeding, and the animals are exposed to the same risk of infection. This demonstrates the need to implement public policies for the prevention, control, and eradication of this disease.
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Zonabend König, Emelie, Tadele Mirkena, Erling Strandberg, James Audho, Julie Ojango, Birgitta Malmfors, Ally Mwai Okeyo, and Jan Philipsson. "Participatory definition of breeding objectives for sheep breeds under pastoral systems—the case of Red Maasai and Dorper sheep in Kenya." Tropical Animal Health and Production 48, no. 1 (September 15, 2015): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-015-0911-7.
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Lakew, Mesfin, Mussie Haile-Melekot, Getinet Mekuriaw, Solomon Abreha, and Haimanot Setotaw. "Reproductive Performance and Mortality Rate in Local and Dorper × Local Crossbred Sheep Following Controlled Breeding in Ethiopia." Open Journal of Animal Sciences 04, no. 05 (2014): 278–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojas.2014.45035.
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Xia, Qing, Xiangyu Wang, Zhangyuan Pan, Rensen Zhang, Caihong Wei, Mingxing Chu, and Ran Di. "Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of nine sheep populations based on microsatellite markers." Archives Animal Breeding 64, no. 1 (January 6, 2021): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-64-7-2021.
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Abstract. The objective of this study was to assess the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of nine sheep populations, including two famous high prolific populations and seven popular mutton populations raised in China. Overall, these sheep populations in this study exhibited a rich genetic diversity. Both the expected heterozygosity and Nei's unbiased gene diversity ranged from 0.64 to 0.75, with the lowest value found in Dorset sheep (DST) and the highest in Hu sheep (HUS) and Ba Han sheep (BAS). The polymorphic information content (PIC) varied between 0.59 in DST and 0.71 in HUS and BAS. Specifically, for individual breeds, the small-tail Han sheep (STH) and the four introduced populations did not display the expected diversity; therefore more attention should be paid to the maintenance of diversity during management of these populations. The results of un-weighted pair-group method (UPGMA) phylogenetic tree and structure analysis indicated that the nine investigated populations can be divided into two groups. Suffolk (SUF) and DST were clustered in one group, and the other group can be further divided into three clusters: German Mutton Merino (GMM)–BAS–Bamei Mutton sheep (BAM), HUS–STH and Du Han (DOS)–Dorper (DOP). This clustering result is consistent with sheep breeding history. TreeMix analysis also hinted at the possible gene flow from GMM to SUF. Together, an in-depth view of genetic diversity and genetic relationship will have important implications for breed-specific management.
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Maqhashu, A., N. O. Mapholi, H. A. O’Neill, K. A. Nephawe, F. V. Ramukhithi, J. P. Sebei, K. S. Nxumalo, and T. L. Nedambale. "Assessment of genetic variation in Bapedi sheep using microsatellite markers." South African Journal of Animal Science 50, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 318–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v50i2.15.
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This study was conducted to assess genetic variation in Bapedi sheep using 14 microsatellite markers. Blood samples were collected from 174 unrelated Bapedi sheep on six farms in various districts of Limpopo and from the Agricultural Research Council Animal Production Institute (ARC-API) in Gauteng. Genotypes from other South African indigenous sheep, namely Zulu (N = 14), Damara (N = 11), Dorper (N = 8), and Namaqua (N = 11), were included to represent reference populations. The effective number of alleles averaged 5.6 for across the Bapedi flocks and was 4.9 for the reference breeds. Among the Bapedi flocks, the observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranged from 0.56 ± 0.05 to 0.69 ± 0.03 and expected heterozygosity (He) values were between 0.75 ± 0.04 and 0.88 ± 0.01. Thus, there is considerable genetic diversity within the Bapedi sheep populations. However, the fixation index was high, indicating the possibility of inbreeding becoming a problem for these flocks. A neighbour-joining tree was constructed from the estimates of Nei’s genetic distances among flocks. The presence of Bapedi sheep flocks on all of the main branches of the tree along with one of the reference breeds suggests the present-day Bapedi is not an entirely distinct breed and that there are genetic differences between flocks of these South African indigenous sheep. Sustainable breeding and conservation programmes are needed to control inbreeding and to foreclose possible genetic dilution of Bapedi sheep.
Keywords: genetic diversity, germplasm conservation, inbreeding, indigenous sheep
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Tsukahara, Yoko, Terry A. Gipson, Steven P. Hart, Lionel Dawson, Zaisen Wang, Ryszard Puchala, Tilahun Sahlu, and Arthur L. Goetsch. "Genetic Selection for Resistance to Gastrointestinal Parasitism in Meat Goats and Hair Sheep through a Performance Test with Artificial Infection of Haemonchus contortus." Animals 11, no. 7 (June 26, 2021): 1902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11071902.
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Internal parasitism has been the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in small ruminants in many areas such as the southcentral USA. Among the different approaches and management practices to cope with internal parasitism, genetic selection for internal parasite resistance is recognized as one with considerable potential long-term impact. A central performance test with artificial infection of Haemonchus contortus for selection of growing meat goats and hair sheep for breeding to increase resistance to internal parasitism and on-farm selection of females was conducted for 3 years. The results varied considerably among breeds of goats and flocks of sheep. Spanish goats and St. Croix sheep maintained relatively low fecal egg count (FEC) each year, whereas for goats categorized as being of high resistance and Dorper sheep FEC decreased with advancing year. Packed call volume (PCV) and total serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels were not strongly related to FEC. Genetic parameters varied between the two species, which might be related to previous selection pressure exerted for parasite resistance. Heritability of FEC was higher in goats than sheep. The genetic correlation between FEC and IgM and IgG was negative for both species, which suggests possible genetic association. Genetic and phenotypic correlations between ADG and FEC were nonsignificant for both species. In conclusion, different relationships of FEC and PCV between species require careful attention during selection and the lack of relationship between ADG and FEC suggests that selection of growing male meat goats and hair sheep for resistance to internal parasitism will not adversely affect growth performance.
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Lourencon, Raquel V., Lionel J. Dawson, Ryszard Puchala, Luana P. Ribeiro, Terry A. Gipson, Erick Loetz, Miguel Rojas, Mauricio Calle, Adaven Scronce, and Arthur L. Goetsch. "PSX-11 Effects of nutritional plane before breeding on body condition score, mass indexes, and chemical composition of hair sheep." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.792.
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Abstract Twenty-five Dorper (D), 27 Katahdin (K), and 33 St. Croix (S) ewes were used to characterize changes in BW, body condition score (BCS), body mass index (BMI), and body composition with different nutritional planes before breeding. Supplement treatments were soybean meal fed at 0.16% BW and 25% soybean meal and 75% ground corn at 0.8% BW (DM; L and H, respectively). There were two animal groups and pens per breed and supplement treatment. Shrunk BW (20 h without feed and water), BCS (1–5), linear measures including wither height and length from the point of the shoulder to pin bone, and body composition via urea space were determined after 0, 4, and 8 wk. Initial values were 62.10, 59.99, 61.57, 62.25, 50.23, and 52.98 kg shrunk BW (SEM=3.601); 35.82, 34.81, 35.57, 36.41, 33.77, and 34.09% fat (SEM=1.043); 17.06, 16.72, 16.98, 17.27, 16.38, and 16.49 MJ/kg energy (SEM=0.357); 3.29, 3.41, 3.29, 3.29, 2.99, and 3.18 BCS (SEM=0.139); and 13.72, 14.22, 12.69, 12.81, 11.53, and 11.50 g/cm2 BMI (BW/(height×length); SEM=0.463) for D-L, D-H, K-L, K-H, S-L, and S-H, respectively. Change from wk 0 to 8 was -0.80, 2.90, -2.74, 3.33, -2.02, and 3.36 kg shrunk BW (SEM=0.842); -0.14, 2.03, -1.45, 1.70, -0.85, and 2.10 kg fat (SEM=0.862); -8.4, 83.7, -62.5, 73.8, -38.4, and 88.1 MJ energy (SEM=33.30); -0.02, 0.20, 0.04, 0.29, -0.08, and 0.17 BCS (SEM=0.070); and -0.265, 0.297, -0.185, 0.491, -0.571, and 0.587 g/cm2 BMI (SEM=0.488) for D-L, D-H, K-L, K-H, S-L, and S-H, respectively. Correlation coefficients between change in BCS and mass of water, fat, and energy were 0.35 and 0.44 (P ≤ 0.004), and those for BMI were 0.54 and 0.56, respectively (P < 0.001). In conclusion, a BMI can be more highly related to and predictive of change in body composition of hair sheep resulting from different nutritional planes compared with BCS.
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Rocha, M. S., A. L. R. S. Maia, P. S. C. Rangel, L. M. Tavares, M. E. F. Oliveira, J. F. Fonseca, C. A. Oliveira, and J. M. G. Souza-Fabjan. "77 Occurrence of early regression of corpora lutea in Dorper ewes subjected to a conventional superovulatory regimen." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 33, no. 2 (2021): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv33n2ab77.
Full textAbstract:
The early regression of corpora lutea (ERCL) is a functional alteration that occurs more often in animals subjected to multiple ovulation followed by embryo transfer (MOET) technique. Although it is mainly reported in goats, sheep are also susceptible to this disorder. The ERCL may compromise the quality and viability of embryos, and even embryonic recovery rate. Thus, the non-diffusion of the animal genetic material on a commercial scale increases costs, decreasing efficiency. This study aimed to assess the occurrence of ERCL in embryo donor ewes subjected to the MOET programs in different seasons. The research was carried out in a commercial herd in São Luís do Paraitinga city (23°22′S and 45°26′W), Brazil, over 4 years (2017–2020). Forty-four Dorper multiparous ewes aged between 3 and 9 years old and with body condition score (BCS) between 2 and 4.5 (1 to 5 scale) were used. Each ewe was used at least once for MOET and a maximum of 5 times, totalling 104 procedures. Regardless of the day of the oestrous cycle or anovulatory period (Day 0), ewes received a conventional superovulatory protocol consisting of an intravaginal device treatment with 0.33mg of progesterone (CIDR®, Zoetis). On Day 7, the device was replaced with a new one and ewes administered i.m. 0.24mg of sodium cloprostenol (Sincrocio®, Ourofino). The superovulatory treatment [256mg of FSH (Folltropin®, Vetoquinol)] started on Day 12 and consisted of decreasing doses (20, 20, 15, 15, 10, 10, 5, and 5%) administered intramuscularly (IM) every 12h for 4 days plus 200IU of equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG, Novormon®, Zoetis) at device removal on Day 14 and 0.1mg of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (Fertagyl®, MSD) IM 1 day later (Day 15). Laparoscopic AI was performed twice on Day 16 using cooled semen. Five days after AI, ovaries were assessed by laparoscopy to check the presence and viability of corpora lutea (CL). Ewes that had avascular CL (pinkish to whitish colour) were classified as ERCL and embryo collection was not performed. The occurrence of ERCL in each season and category of BCS was checked by either chi-squared or Fisher test. Logistic regression was performed according to the incidence of ERCL in each category of age. Values of P<0.05 were considered as significant. From 104 procedures, ERCL was identified in 26 cases, totalling 25% of occurrence. The proportion of occurrence did not differ (P>0.05) among seasons: breeding (10/43: 23%), transition (10/36, 28%), or anoestrous (6/25, 24%). There was no difference in ERCL incidence in ewes presenting different BCS categories: lower/thin (2 to 2.5: 3/12, 25%); average/good (3 to 3.5: 15/66, 22%) and higher/fat (4 to 4.5: 8/26, 31%). Indeed, there was no association (P>0.05) between ERCL and age. In conclusion, a relevant occurrence of ERCL was detected in superovulated embryo donor ewes but this incidence was not associated with season, age, or BCS of Dorper ewes. These data highlight the importance of pharmacological measures to control ERCL in MOET protocols for commercial sheep herds.
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Rocha, M. S., A. L. R. S. Maia, P. S. C. Rangel, L. M. Tavares, M. E. F. Oliveira, J. F. Fonseca, C. A. Oliveira, and J. M. G. Souza-Fabjan. "77 Occurrence of early regression of corpora lutea in Dorper ewes subjected to a conventional superovulatory regimen." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 33, no. 2 (2021): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv33n2ab77.
Full textAbstract:
The early regression of corpora lutea (ERCL) is a functional alteration that occurs more often in animals subjected to multiple ovulation followed by embryo transfer (MOET) technique. Although it is mainly reported in goats, sheep are also susceptible to this disorder. The ERCL may compromise the quality and viability of embryos, and even embryonic recovery rate. Thus, the non-diffusion of the animal genetic material on a commercial scale increases costs, decreasing efficiency. This study aimed to assess the occurrence of ERCL in embryo donor ewes subjected to the MOET programs in different seasons. The research was carried out in a commercial herd in São Luís do Paraitinga city (23°22′S and 45°26′W), Brazil, over 4 years (2017–2020). Forty-four Dorper multiparous ewes aged between 3 and 9 years old and with body condition score (BCS) between 2 and 4.5 (1 to 5 scale) were used. Each ewe was used at least once for MOET and a maximum of 5 times, totalling 104 procedures. Regardless of the day of the oestrous cycle or anovulatory period (Day 0), ewes received a conventional superovulatory protocol consisting of an intravaginal device treatment with 0.33mg of progesterone (CIDR®, Zoetis). On Day 7, the device was replaced with a new one and ewes administered i.m. 0.24mg of sodium cloprostenol (Sincrocio®, Ourofino). The superovulatory treatment [256mg of FSH (Folltropin®, Vetoquinol)] started on Day 12 and consisted of decreasing doses (20, 20, 15, 15, 10, 10, 5, and 5%) administered intramuscularly (IM) every 12h for 4 days plus 200IU of equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG, Novormon®, Zoetis) at device removal on Day 14 and 0.1mg of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (Fertagyl®, MSD) IM 1 day later (Day 15). Laparoscopic AI was performed twice on Day 16 using cooled semen. Five days after AI, ovaries were assessed by laparoscopy to check the presence and viability of corpora lutea (CL). Ewes that had avascular CL (pinkish to whitish colour) were classified as ERCL and embryo collection was not performed. The occurrence of ERCL in each season and category of BCS was checked by either chi-squared or Fisher test. Logistic regression was performed according to the incidence of ERCL in each category of age. Values of P<0.05 were considered as significant. From 104 procedures, ERCL was identified in 26 cases, totalling 25% of occurrence. The proportion of occurrence did not differ (P>0.05) among seasons: breeding (10/43: 23%), transition (10/36, 28%), or anoestrous (6/25, 24%). There was no difference in ERCL incidence in ewes presenting different BCS categories: lower/thin (2 to 2.5: 3/12, 25%); average/good (3 to 3.5: 15/66, 22%) and higher/fat (4 to 4.5: 8/26, 31%). Indeed, there was no association (P>0.05) between ERCL and age. In conclusion, a relevant occurrence of ERCL was detected in superovulated embryo donor ewes but this incidence was not associated with season, age, or BCS of Dorper ewes. These data highlight the importance of pharmacological measures to control ERCL in MOET protocols for commercial sheep herds.
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Pronievicz Barreto, José Victor, Luiz Fernando Coelho da Cunha Filho, Simone Fernanda Nedel Pertile, Fabíola Cristine De Almeida Rêgo Grecco, Caliê Castilho, Bruna Fonseca Matias, Luis Souza Lima De Souza Reis, and Gustavo Rodrigues Queiroz. "FSH como Alternativa para Protocolo de Sincronização de Estro Ovino." Ensaios e Ciência C Biológicas Agrárias e da Saúde 24, no. 1 (May 27, 2020): 02–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2020v24n1p02-06.
Full textAbstract:
A sincronização do estro é uma ferramenta útil que fornece ao criador de ovinos um planejamento estratégico, concentrando e regularizando os nascimentos em diferentes épocas do ano, o que permite suprir a demanda do mercado. Diferentes protocolos hormonais estão disponíveis no mercado, porém, seus efeitos e resultados ainda não são totalmente claros. Objetivou-se avaliar protocolos de sincronização de estro de curta duração com o uso de hormônio folículo estimulante (FSH) e gonadotrofina coriônica equina (eCG) como indutores de ovulação em borregas mestiças Dorper na contra-estação. As borregas receberam um dispositivo intravaginal contendo 0,36g de progesterona (D0) e após seis dias, o dispositivo foi removido e assim efetuou-se os seguintes tratamentos: T-FSH recebeu aplicação intramuscular de 10mg de dinoprost e 10 mg de FSH (D6); T-eCG recebeu aplicação intramuscular de 10mg de dinoprost e 300UI de eCG (D6). As ovelhas foram submetidas à monta natural. A detecção de estro se deu através da marcação de fêmeas em cio com a deposição da tinta no peitoral do reprodutor. O diagnóstico de gestação foi realizado trinta dias após o último dia de exposição aos reprodutores com ultrassom. O do uso de dispositivo de progesterona por curto período de tempo foi eficiente. Não houve diferença para taxa de estro (100% T-eCG vs. 100% T-FSH). Um maior número de animais do T-eCG obteve manifestação estral mais precocemente (57,6 ± 16,33 para T-eCG vs. 61,2 ± 16,47 para T-FSH), embora não apresentem diferença estatística (P-valor 0,8723). A taxa de prenhez foi similar em ambos os grupos, sendo 60% (12/20) no T-FSH e 45% (9/20) no T-eCG, não havendo diferença estatística (P-valor=0.35). Conclui-se que tanto a aplicação de FSH, quanto de eCG foram efetivos em protocolo de curta duração para sincronização de estro ovino.
Palavras-chave: Gonadotrofina. Borregas. Primer Ovino. Ovulação. Biotecnologia Reprodutiva.
Abstract
The estrus synchronization is a useful tool that provides a strategic planning to the sheep breeder, concentrating and regularizing births at different times of the year, which allows to supply the market demand. Different hormonal protocols are available on the market; however, their effects and results are still not entirely clear. The objective was to evaluate short-term protocols for estrus synchronization using follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) as ovulation inducers in cross-breed Dorper lambs in the counter-season. The lambs received an intravaginal device containing 0.36 g of progesterone (D0) and after six days, the device was removed and the following treatments were performed: T-FSH received intramuscular application of 10 mg of dinoprost and 10 mg of FSH (D6); T-eCG received intramuscular application of 10mg of dinoprost and 300UI of eCG (D6). The sheep were submitted to natural breeding. The detection of estrus occurred through the marking of females in heat with the deposition of ink on the pectoral of the hams. The diagnosis of pregnancy was made thirty days after the last day of exposure to hams with ultrasound. The use of a progesterone device for a short period of time was efficient. There was no difference in estrus rate (100% T-eCG vs. 100% T-FSH). A higher number of animals from T-eCG had earlier estrous manifestation (57.6 ± 16.33 for T-eCG vs. 61.2 ± 16.47 for T-FSH), although without statistical difference (P-valor 0,8723). The pregnancy rate was similar in both groups, with 60% (12/20) in T-FSH and 45% (9/20) in T-eCG, with no statistical difference (P-value = 0.35). It is concluded that both FSH and eCG applications were effective in a short duration protocol for synchronization of ovine estrus.
Keywords: Gonadotropin. Lambs. Ovine Primer. Ovulation. Reproductive Biotechnology.
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Quan, Kai, Jun Li, Haoyuan Han, Hongfang Wei, Jinyan Zhao, HA Si, Xinji Zhang, and Daojiang Zhang. "Review of Huang-huai sheep, a new multiparous mutton sheep breed first identified in China." Tropical Animal Health and Production 53, no. 1 (November 23, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-020-02453-w.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractHuang-huai sheep are a new multiparous mutton sheep breed that has been cultivated by domestic scientific research institutes, governments, and sheep farms in China. Huang-huai sheep were bred using Dorper sheep as a sire and Small-tailed Han sheep as a dam. The breeding of Huang-huai sheep started in 2003, and three stages have been carried out: crossbreeding innovation, fixation in a two-way-crossbred closed flock, and herd propagation. A pilot test of Huang-huai sheep was conducted on 6 sheep farms from 2017 to 2018, and hereditary properties and production performance were evaluated in 2019. Huang-huai sheep were identified on site by the National Livestock and Poultry Resources Committee of China in December 2019 and approved as a new multiparous mutton sheep breed in China. The genetic distance showed that Huang-huai sheep are most closely related to Dorper sheep, Luxi black-headed sheep, and Small-tailed Han sheep, but the genetic distances are subspecies (0.02–0.20) each other. The body weights of adult Huang-huai sheep are 98.1 ± 5.2 kg (♂) and 71.7 ± 3.5 kg (♀), and those of 6-month-old Huang-huai sheep are 58.50 ± 6.55 kg (♂) and 52.45 ± 5.67 kg (♀). The slaughter rates of 6-month-old sheep are 56.02 ± 1.25% (♂) and 53.19 ± 1.19% (♀). The estrus cycle of Huang-huai sheep is 19.32 ± 2.8 days, the first estrus cycle occurs at 168 ± 12 days, the annual lambing rate of ewes is 252.82% ± 10.69%, the survival rate of lambs is 95.79 ± 0.95%, and the number of weaned lambs per ewe per year is 2.38 ± 0.14. The growth performance, carcass quality, and reproductive performance of Huang-huai sheep have been improved, resulting in considerable economic and social benefits and broader market prospects. This breed represents a new multiparous mutton sheep breed adapted for industrial sheep farms in China.
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Ng'ang'a, C. J., N. Maingi, W. K. Munyua, and P. W. N. Kanyari. "Epidemiology of gastrointestinal helminths infections in Dorper sheep in a semi-arid area of Kenya." Onderstepoort J Vet Res 71, no. 3 (November 8, 2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v71i3.263.
Full textAbstract:
A survey on the prevalence and intensity of infection with gastrointestinal helminths of Dorper sheep in relation to age and weather factors was carried out on a ranch in Kajiado district, a semi-arid area of Kenya for a period of 13 months (May 1999 to May 2000). Faecal samples from lambs (3 months to 1 year), yearlings (1-2 years) and adult breeding ewes (2-4 years) were examined for helminth egg output and helminth genus composition at 3-week intervals. The results indicated that the prevalence of strongyle and tapeworms infections were highest for lambs, followed by the adult breeding ewes and then for the yearlings. In all age groups the proportions of infected animals were higher during the wet season than in the dry season for both nematodes and tapeworms. The mean strongyle egg counts were higher during the dry season for lambs, but were higher during the wet season for the other age groups. Mixed strongyle infections were detected, with Trichostrongylus (55 %), Haemonchus (28 %), Cooperia (10.5 %) and Oesophagostomum (6.5 %) being the most frequently encountered genera throughout the study period. The trends in strongyle faecal egg counts indicated the occurrence of hypobiosis, with resumption of development towards the end of the dry season and at the onset of the short rains in October and November. Self-cure was also observed in September and November in all age groups, although less frequently in lactating ewes. The prevalence and intensities of infection with gastrointestinal helminths in this area appeared to be influenced by the age of the host and weather factors.
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"Application of Biometric Traits for Predicting Weaning Weight of Dorper Sheep using Path Analysis." International Journal of Veterinary Science 10, no. 4 (September 15, 2021): 335–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.47278/journal.ijvs/2021.066.
Full textAbstract:
The current study was conducted to examine the relationship between weaning weight and biometric traits viz; heart girth (HG), rump height (RH), body length (BL), withers height (WH) and sternum height (SH) and, also to determine direct and indirect influence of biometric traits on weaning weight (WW) of Dorper sheep. Dorper sheep lambs (females=23, males=16) were used. Pearson’s correlation and path analysis were used for data analysis. Female correlation results indicated that WW had a positive highly significant correlation with HG (r=0.66), BL (r=0.66) and RH (r=0.55), and positively statistical correlation with WH (r=0.45) at P<0.05 whereas in males, results demonstrated that WW had a negative highly significant correlation with HG (r=-0.51) at P<0.05. Path analysis results on females showed that BL (0.34) had the greatest direct effect on WW while HG (0.31) had the highest indirect contribution on WW, males’ results indicated that HG (0.97) had the highest direct contribution on WW while WH (0.69) had the greatest indirect effect on WW. Current study information will assist rural farmer who lack weighing scales to predict weight of their animals for various reasons such as for breeding and marketing purposes and again study outcome will help sheep breeders to select direct and indirect traits influencing weaning weight for improvement.
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Li, Xiaolong, Qingmin Wu, Xiaoxue Zhang, Chong Li, Deyin Zhang, Guoze Li, Yukun Zhang, et al. "Whole-Genome Resequencing to Study Brucellosis Susceptibility in Sheep." Frontiers in Genetics 12 (July 8, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.653927.
Full textAbstract:
Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease and a major public health problem. However, the genetic mechanism of brucellosis in sheep remains unclear. In this study, serum samples were collected from 6,358 sheep from the F2 population (Dorper sheep ♂ × Hu sheep ♀), and antibody levels were continuously measured at 14 days and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 months after administration of brucellosis vaccine. Finally, 19 brucellosis-resistant group (BRG) sheep and 22 brucellosis-susceptible group sheep (BSG) were screened for whole-genome sequencing. Using the fixation index, Fisher’s exact test, and chi-square test, a total of 205 candidate SNP sites were identified. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis suggested that 138 candidate genes were significantly enriched in adherens junction (CTNNA3, PARD3, and PTPRM), cell adhesion molecules (NLGN1, CNTNAP2, NCAM1, and PTPRM), salivary secretion (LOC101102109, PRKG1, and ADCY2), and hippo signaling pathway (CTNNA3, YAP1, and PARD3). These findings provide valuable molecular markers for brucellosis resistance breeding in sheep and novel insights into the genetic mechanism of brucellosis resistance.