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Journal articles on the topic 'Downs Syndrome'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Cusack, Paul. "Alzheimers Disease, Downs Syndrome, & Creosote." General medicine and Clinical Practice 3, no. 3 (September 20, 2020): 01–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2639-4162/033.

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In this paper, we consider creosote as the cause of Alzheimer’s disease and Downs syndrome. They both exhibit the slowing down of the nerve function probably caused by an increase in resistance of the circuit because of Beta Amyloid build up in the brain. Creosote was used as a preservative in various industries.

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2

Miller, Richard J. "The ups and downs of Down's syndrome." Lancet 359, no. 9303 (January 2002): 275–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(02)07533-5.

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3

Khadpe, Dr Tanmay, Dr Alpana Kondekar, Dr Varun Anand, and Dr Radha Ghildiyal. "Zellweger Syndrome: A Downs Syndrome Mimic." Pediatric Review: International Journal of Pediatric Research 6, no. 2 (February 28, 2019): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17511/ijpr.2019.i02.05.

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4

Gazizova, D., A. Dudley, and M. Tuddenham. "Downs syndrome, dementia and epilepsy." European Psychiatry 23 (April 2008): S194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.01.297.

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5

Climilein, M., K. H. Pitcui, PJ Bartlett, and C. Campbell. "ACCURACY OF PREDICTINO TREADMILL VO2max IN DOWNS SYNDROME AND NON-DOWNS SYNDROME MENTALLY RETARDED ADULTS." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 24, Supplement (May 1992): S36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199205001-00213.

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6

Sterri, Aksel Braanen. "Provokativ offentlig filosofi." Etikk i praksis - Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics, no. 2 (November 12, 2018): 105–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5324/eip.v12i2.2539.

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En uttalelse om at personer med Downs syndrom ikke kan leve fullverdige liv, satte i gang en stor og opphetet debatt i den norske offentligheten i 2017. Denne ga opphav til en mer overordnet debatt om hva akademikere bør og ikke bør si i offentligheten. En viss form for offentlig filosofi, det jeg vil kalle provokativ offentlig filosofi, er blitt utpekt som synder. I denne artikkelen vil jeg, med utgangspunkt i debatten om fullverdige liv, forsvare provokativ offentlig filosofi mot både epistemiske og etiske innvendinger. Nøkkelord: Filosofisk argumentasjon, offentlig debatt, offentlig filosofi, sorteringssamfunnet, Downs syndrom, fullverdige liv, eugenikk English summary: Provocative Public Philosophy In 2017, I argued that people with Down syndrome cannot live full lives. This sparked a heated debated in the Norwegian public sphere. This gave rise to a debate over what academics should and should not say in public. A certain form of public philosophy, what I will call provocative public philosophy, was criticized for being harmful, imperialistic, for eroding trust in philosophers, and for creating too much noise. In this article I will, in light of the Down syndrome debate, defend provocative public philosophy against these allegations. Keywords: Philosophical argumentation, public debate, public philosophy, Down syndrome, eugenics

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7

Utley, M., and S. Gallivan. "Evaluation of strategies for Downs Syndrome screening." Journal of the Operational Research Society 51, no. 3 (March 2000): 272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2600867.

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8

Utley, M., and S. Gallivan. "Evaluation of Strategies for downs Syndrome Screening." Journal of the Operational Research Society 51, no. 3 (March 2000): 272. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/254085.

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9

Watkins, Sarah E., Michael A. Clifford, Simon F. Tidmarsh, Valerie E. Cowie, David M. Shaw, Eric Ah-Sing, and John W. T. Dickerson. "Plasma Amino Acids, Downs Syndrome and Dementia." British Journal of Psychiatry 148, no. 3 (March 1986): 339–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.148.3.339.

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10

Lydie Edith Defodji, Sedami, and Roch A. Houngnihin. "REPRESENTATIONS SOCIALES DE LA TRISOMIE 21 A COTONOU." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 07 (July 31, 2021): 356–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/13134.

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Downs syndrome is a birth defect that affects some children whose parents hide from birth. Known in Benin under the name tÃƒÂƒÃ‚ÂÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â»xÃƒÂƒÃ‚ÂÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â»su, is trisomy 21 also called Down syndrome or mongolism a disease as perceived by Western medicine? Social representations defined as the images of perception developed by the communities to define a situation will make it possible to study this congenital reality in Cotonou because, in this West African city, the presence of a child with Downs syndrome in a family gives rise to several interpretations. Indeed, people with Downs syndrome are assimilated to vodÃƒÂƒÃ‚ÂƒÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â¹n divinity and are called TÃƒÂƒÃ‚ÂÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â»xÃƒÂƒÃ‚ÂÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â»su which literally means king of the waters. This work aims to analyze the social representations of Downs syndrome in Cotonou. Qualitative in nature, the investigation involved documentary research, direct observation, in-depth interviews and life stories. The survey took place in Cotonou from April 2020 to March 2021. The reasoned choice sampling and the route technique led to the selection of 46 actors from various socio-cultural groups. The triangulation of the data collected led to the following results: first the anomaly is not in itself a disease according to the actors and does not relate to any popular nosology, except the popular etiological register which inscribes it in a supernatural dimension then, the child with Downs syndrome in a family is a source of blessing with presumed consequences (brings well-being to a model family or restores the social order broken by the transgression of social rules) or source of curse calling for a spiritual sanction finally, the management of trisomy 21 is multifaceted and involves several actors who perceive this congenital anomaly in different ways depending on what their culture conveys.

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11

Nambiar, Murli Krishna, Roopa P. S., Nisha C., and Pratap Kumar. "Downs syndrome and its screening: how aware are we?" International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 3 (February 27, 2018): 1186. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20180915.

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Background: Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal abnormality found in live-born babies. The objectives of this study were to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of pregnant women regarding Down syndrome and its screening.Methods: This was a prospective study done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, in a tertiary care hospital. All pregnant ladies who attended the antenatal clinic and consented for the study were included. A prevalidated questionnaire was given to these women and data was collected. Responses to pregnant women’s knowledge, attitudes and practices were evaluated in a three-point scale of yes/no/ don’t know. All correct answers or all but one correct answer was scored good and the percentage was calculated.Results: A total of 267 pregnant women were included in the study. Of the 267 women only 156 (58.4%) had heard about Down syndrome. Eighty five percent of the women unanimously agreed that Down syndrome babies had mental impairment. But only 21.1% patients had good knowledge score on Down syndrome. Eleven percent had good knowledge regarding Down syndrome screening tests. Almost sixty five percent of the women had the right attitude towards screening tests and 46.1% patients had followed good practice.Conclusions: Informed decision making rather than imposed decision making must be practiced. Compulsory and effective education regarding Down syndrome and its screening must be provided to all patients at the earliest antenatal visit. The gap between women’s knowledge, theirs attitudes and practice has to be addressed to. Non-invasive prenatal testing might be the future and is quickly bring about a shift in the paradigm in prenatal screening.

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12

Albu, Dr Dinu-Florin, Dr Cristina-Crenguta Albu, and Dr Stefan-Dimitrie Albu. "Twin Pregnancy discordordant for Downs syndrome: Case Report." International Journal of Medical Research and Review 3, no. 6 (June 30, 2015): 660–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17511/ijmrr.2015.i6.114.

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13

Sun, Yi E., and Hao Wu. "The Ups and Downs of BDNF in Rett Syndrome." Neuron 49, no. 3 (February 2006): 321–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2006.01.014.

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14

Dobson, R. "Painting is earliest example of portrayal of Downs syndrome." BMJ 326, no. 7381 (January 18, 2003): 126b—126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.326.7381.126/b.

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15

Kamalammal, Dr Rugmini, and Dr Sowmya S. "Cholelithiasis in a neonate with Downs syndrome: a case report." Pediatric Review: International Journal of Pediatric Research 3, no. 3 (March 31, 2016): 196–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17511/ijpr.2016.i03.10.

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16

Al-Nbaheen, May Salem. "Analysis of Downs syndrome with molecular techniques for future diagnoses." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 25, no. 3 (March 2018): 558–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.01.044.

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17

HUANG, S. W., I. EMANUEL, JUDY LO, S. K. LIAO, and C. C. HSU. "A CYTOGENETIC: STUDY OF 77 CHINESE CHILDREN WITH DOWNS SYNDROME*." Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 11, no. 3 (June 28, 2008): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.1967.tb00216.x.

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18

Farkas, Laura, Jessica D. Cless, Adam W. Cless, Briana S. Nelson Goff, Ellen Bodine, and Ashley Edelman. "The Ups and Downs of Down Syndrome: A Qualitative Study of Positive and Negative Parenting Experiences." Journal of Family Issues 40, no. 4 (November 22, 2018): 518–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x18812192.

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The current study sought to expand current literature by providing a comparison of the positive and negative experiences reported by parents of children with a Down syndrome (DS) diagnosis. A total of 435 participants from a national study were included in the current qualitative analysis based on responses to online survey data from two research questions asking parents to describe their most positive and most negative experiences in parenting their child with DS. Positive experiences themes included the following: impact on parents and other people, child’s achievements, social acceptance/connection, and everyday/everything/many. Negative experiences themes included medical experiences, lack of social acceptance/connection, the DS diagnosis, and the impact on parents and other people. Implications for professionals and future research are presented.

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19

McTavish, James. "“Exterminate! Exterminate!” Babies with Downs at Risk." Ethics & Medics 43, no. 9 (2018): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/em201843914.

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It is estimated that 90 percent of mothers now opt for abortion, unfortunately, once a diagnosis of Down syndrome is confirmed, in what should be called “extermination of pregnancy.” Instead of denouncing such vile acts, society lauds them in the name of progress and technology. At times Catholic health care workers may be afraid to speak out against abortion. Usually they are presented with difficult scenarios, tragic and morally complex situations where the life of the mother, the life of the child in the womb, or the lives of both are in danger. However, while of vital importance, in developed countries these cases are extremely rare because of the availability of excellent obstetric care. Yet such rare cases are often used as a justification for allowing abortions in general.

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20

Waxman, Mayer. "Traumatic Hand-Me-Downs: The Holocaust, Where Does it End?" Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 81, no. 1 (February 2000): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.1093.

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The author looks at children of Holocaust survivors as a distinct clinical group. These patients often display symptoms resembling those found in concentration-camp-survivor syndrome. Common symptoms include depression, anxiety, maladaptive behavior, and symptoms of personality disorder and even post traumatic stress disorder. The author reviews theories explaining the phenomenon and discusses treatment implications for both mental-health professionals and for clergy.

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21

Abdullah, Ghada Shiekh, Shehla Jadoon, Milad Elsegaier, and M. O. Galal. "Downs syndrome and cardiac surgery, a dilemma, should we operate or not?" Journal of the Saudi Heart Association 25, no. 2 (April 2013): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsha.2013.03.072.

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22

Weeks, J., N. Cavil, T. Hogue, and CV Rao. "Acceptance of amniocentesis after a positive triple marker screen for downs syndrome." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 176, no. 1 (January 1997): S91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(97)80368-7.

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23

Jarrold, C. "Genetically dissociated components of working memory: evidence from Downs and Williams syndrome." Neuropsychologia 37, no. 6 (June 1, 1999): 637–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0028-3932(98)00128-6.

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24

Cole, Laurence A., Dilek Cermik, and Ray Bahado-Singh. "Oligosaccharide variants of hCG-related molecules: potential screening markers for Downs syndrome." Prenatal Diagnosis 17, no. 12 (December 1997): 1188–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0223(199712)17:12<1188::aid-pd222>3.0.co;2-a.

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25

Dada, Rima, Rakesh Kumar, and K. Kucheria. "A 2-year-old baby with Downs syndrome, cryptorchidism and testicular tumour." European Journal of Medical Genetics 49, no. 3 (May 2006): 265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmg.2005.08.002.

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26

Walker, Clare. "Downs syndrome and congenital heart defects part 2: An extended care plan." Intensive Care Nursing 7, no. 3 (September 1991): 148–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-612x(91)90003-a.

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27

Tiwari, Rahul, Muqthadir Siddiqui M. A., Shilpa PH, Arun Ramaiah, and Heena Tiwari. "Downs syndrome associated with dentitia praecox in maxillary posterior region: A case report." IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics and Oncology 4, no. 3 (October 15, 2018): 127–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/2581-4702.2018.0027.

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28

Aastha, ,., Kesahv Kumar Gautam, Anil Kumar Gujjari, and K. N. Raghavendraswamy. "Prosthodontic Management of Downs Syndrome Patient Using Neutral Zone Technique-A Case Report." Journal of Dental Panacea 1, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15636/jdp/2015/v1i1/80161.

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29

Balasubramanium, Radish Kumar, Vibha Kanagokar, N. M. Sreya, and Jayashree S. Bhat. "Speech Motor Control in Children with Downs Syndrome: Evidences from Formant Centralization Ratio." International Journal of Speech & Language Pathology and Audiology 3, no. 1 (April 30, 2015): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12970/2311-1917.2015.03.01.4.

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Lanouette, JM, RA Quintero, MC Treadwell, MP Johnson, CA Carreño, M. Kruger, and HM Wolfe. "Do morphometric markers increase identification of downs syndrome fetuses in an otherwise normal sonogram?" American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 176, no. 1 (January 1997): S69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(97)80281-5.

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31

Nègve, J., F. Vertongen, P. Cauchie, D. Gnat, and L. Molle. "SELENIUM AND GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE IN PLASMA AND ERYTHROCYTES OF DOWNS SYNDROME (TRISOMY 21) PATIENTS." Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 28, no. 4 (June 28, 2008): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.1984.tb01019.x.

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Robinson, Sally J., and Christine M. Temple. "Atypical semantic knowledge and autobiographical memory disorder in a young adult with Downs syndrome." Neurocase 16, no. 5 (September 27, 2010): 377–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13554791003620280.

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Book, Linda, Allison Hart, Jeff Black, Mike Feolo, John J. Zone, and Susan L. Neuhausen. "Prevalence and clinical characteristics of celiac disease in Downs syndrome in a U.S. study." American Journal of Medical Genetics 98, no. 1 (2000): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1096-8628(20010101)98:1<70::aid-ajmg1002>3.0.co;2-g.

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Haberthür, Christoph, and Manfred D. Seeberger. "Acute respiratory distress syndrome and mechanical ventilation: ups and downs of an ongoing relationship trap." Journal of Thoracic Disease 8, no. 12 (December 2016): E1608—E1609. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2016.12.25.

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Miranda, Marcelo, Daniel Bittencourt, Joaquim Bustorff-Silva, Bernardo Campos, Edson Tatsuo, and Lourenco Sbragia. "Congenital Duodenal Obstruction: The Impact of Downs Syndrome in Neonatal Morbidity. A Two-Center Survey." Current Pediatric Reviews 4, no. 1 (February 1, 2008): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339608783565761.

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Saleh, Mahasen, Ashraf R. Khairy, Hassan El-Solh, Mohammed Al-Mahr, Abdulrahman Al-Musa, Amel Al-Seraihy, Ali Al-Ahmari, and Asim F. Belgaumi. "Downs Syndrome Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; an Intermediate Outcome with a High Infectious Morbidity." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 16, 2006): 4521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.4521.4521.

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Abstract Unlike AML, children with Down syndrome and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (DS-ALL) have been reported to achieve significantly lower rates of remission, with higher mortality and a poorer overall survival. To further study this, we conducted a retrospective review for all DS children who were diagnosed and treated for ALL at our institution from 1997 to 2006. 12 (1.8%) out of 645 children (age 0–14 years) diagnosed with ALL had DS. The median age at diagnosis was 55 months (range 23 – 108 months) and eight were male. The most frequent signs and symptoms were fever (n=11; 91.6%), bleeding tendency (n=8; 75%) and organomegaly (n=9; 83.3%). The median WBC count at diagnosis was 4.99×109/L (range 0.58–500×109/L). The median platelet count and hemoglobin were 255×109/L and 80.5g/L, respectively. None of the patients had CNS disease at diagnosis. Leukemia cell cytogenetics revealed only the additional chromosome 21 for all patients, except in one patient who had 48XY,+X,+21. All cases had a precursor B-cell phenotype, and a DNA index of 1.0. Patients received treatment according to the protocol utilized for intermediate risk ALL at our institution. A good early response to induction therapy by a day-14 bone marrow (BM) evaluation was seen in all patients, and complete remission (CR) was achieved by day 28 of induction for the 11 who completed induction chemotherapy. One patient died toward the end of induction due to severe sepsis. Infection was the most commonly encountered morbidity throughout the course of therapy. Six episodes of febrile neutropenia, two documented bacteremias and one disseminated invasive Aspergillosis were reported during the induction phase. In the post-induction period, 21 episodes of febrile neutropenia were reported, in addition to six documented bacteremias and two patients developed fungal infections, one with fungemia and the other with a nail bed infection. Four patients relapsed at a median time of 13 months from diagnosis. Relapses occurred in the BM for two, as isolated CNS in one, and as combined BM and CNS relapse in one. Seven patients continue in first CR. The overall survival and the relapse free survival at 3 years were 53.7% and 60% respectively. Conclusion: Although DS ALL children do not present with poor-risk features (infancy, T-cell phenotype, adverse cytogenetics, CNS involvement) they tend to have an intermediate treatment outcome even if treated on relatively intensive protocols. Delays in appropriate therapy due to infectious morbidity could contribute to this sub-optimal outcome.

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Keamy, D., G. Dierks, C. Hartnick, and B. Kinane. "0862 POLYSOMNOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISICS OF PEDIATRIC DOWNS SYNDROME PATIENTS BEFORE AND AFTER HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE STIMULATOR IMPANT." Sleep 40, suppl_1 (April 28, 2017): A320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.861.

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38

Walker, Clare. "Downs Syndrome and congenital heart erects part 1: anatomical end functional anomalies, prognosis and treatment." Intensive Care Nursing 7, no. 2 (June 1991): 94–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-612x(91)90016-k.

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39

Vishnevskaya, O. A., and L. M. Shnakhova. "Atrophoderma vermiculatum: clinical presentation features, differential diagnosis and treatment." Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases 23, no. 2 (August 9, 2020): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/dv41934.

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Atrophoderma vermiculata is a rare, benign, follicular dermatosis localized in an esthetically important facial skin zone, which results in superficial scars formation. The disease usually occurs at the age of 512 years and may be autosomal-dominantly inherited. This type of dermatosis may be associated with other congenital abnormalities and some hereditary diseases, such as Marfan syndrome, neurofibromatosis, congenital heart defects, and mental retardation similar to Downs syndrome. The authors also analyze the typical clinical presentations of atrophoderma vermiculata, from their own clinical experience, conduct a detailed analysis of differential diagnosis with other dermatoses, and provide contemporary therapeutic methods and approaches to this skin disorder.

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Kokaridas, D., N. Aggelopoulou-Sakadami, and B. Walters. "An intervention in the Halliwick Method procedures (swimming) for a group of individuals with Downs syndrome." European Journal of Special Needs Education 15, no. 2 (June 2000): 218–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/088562500361637.

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Glatz-Noll, E., and R. Berg. "Oral dysfunction in children with Downs' Syndrome: an evaluation of treatment effects by means of videoregistration." European Journal of Orthodontics 13, no. 6 (December 1, 1991): 446–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejo/13.6.446.

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Busciglio, Jorge, Alejandra Pelsman, Pablo Helguera, Osnat Ashur-Fabian, Albert Pinhasov, Douglas Brenneman, and Illana Gozes. "NAP and ADNF-9 Protect Normal and Downs Syndrome Cortical Neurons from Oxidative Damage and Apoptosis." Current Pharmaceutical Design 13, no. 11 (April 1, 2007): 1091–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161207780618957.

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Müller, C., L. B. Mänhardt, C. Willaschek, E. M. Schneider, E. A. Stuth, and R. Buchhorn. "Beta-Blocker Therapy and Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Case Report." Cardiology Research and Practice 2010 (2010): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2010/912757.

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Objective. The aim of this paper is to describe a fatal case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in a patient with severe heart failure, who was treated with low-dose propranolol.Patient and Interventions. We report on a 7-month-old boy with Downs syndrome who was born with an unbalanced, left dominant atrioventricular septal defect and aortic coarctation. Despite coarctation repair and pulmonary artery banding he developed intractable heart failure and fever of unknown origin. Since he remained in heart failure he received a trial of low-dose propranolol to stabilize his cardiopulmonary status, which resulted in unexpected immunomodulatory effects.Measurements and Main Result. Immunoactivation was evidenced by high concentrations of procalcitonin, soluble CD 25, tumor necrosis factor , and interleukin 6 and 8. Propranolol resulting in hepatic compromise as indicated by high lactate dehydrogenase and alanine aminotransferase levels. A therapeutic switch from propranolol to the -receptor blocker metoprolol appeared to be instrumental in hemodynamic improvement and allowed discharge from hospital. However, the infant ultimately died from secondary inflammatory reactivation and intractable pulmonary obstructive disease. The autopsy results revealed HLH.Conclusion. Our case describes HLH secondary to heart failure and Downs syndrome. In this highly activated inflammatory state the beneficial hemodynamic effects of propranolol may be accompanied by immunomodulatory effects and the risk of acute liver failure. HLH occurs with a distinct pathophysiology, and specific treatment might be mandatory to increase the chance of survival.

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Lakhan, R. "Social, Environmental and Biological Determinants of Cerebral Palsy in Children with Intellectual Disabilities (ID) in India." Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 3, no. 3 (September 30, 2013): 262–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v3i3.9187.

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Background Cerebral palsy (CP) is a global public health problem affecting 2.12 to 2.45 per 1000 live birth across the world. Cerebral palsy is an upper motor neuron, non-progressive disorder commonly associated with intellectual disability. The presence of cerebral palsy effects person’s overall life. Objectives This study primarily sought predictive capacity of social, environmental and biological determinants of CP in ID. Materials and Methods This is a cross-sectional study design. A total of 262 children, aged 3 to 18 years, with ID were assessed for cerebral palsy and diagnosed on basis of clinical examination in a community based rehabilitation project in Barwani, India. Information was collected by parent interviews, on social, environmental and biological determinants. A logistic regression model has been applied between determinants and CP. Results Logistic regression demonstrated that likelihood of CP in ID children can be predicted on bases of their age (odd ratio = 0.856, CI 95% - 0.76-0.95), intelligence quotients (IQ) (odd ratio = 0.782, CI 95% - 0.73-0.83) and family history of intellectual disabilities (odd ratio = 0.051, CI 95% - 2.36 -0.99) and epilepsy (odd ratio = 0.008, CI 95% - 2.58-1.28). Comorbid conditions of downs syndrome and epilepsy also predicts likelihood of CP in ID. Conclusion Likelihood of CP in ID children can be predicted by their age, IQ, family history of intellectual disability, epilepsy and comorbid conditions of downs syndrome and epilepsy. Gender, socio-economic status and population (tribal versus non-tribal) determinants have no predictive relation with CP in the group. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v3i3.9187 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2013;3(3): 262-268

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Yoon, Song-Ro, Jian Qin, Rivka L. Glaser, Ethylin Wang Jabs, Nancy S. Wexler, Rebecca Sokol, Norman Arnheim, and Peter Calabrese. "The Ups and Downs of Mutation Frequencies during Aging Can Account for the Apert Syndrome Paternal Age Effect." PLoS Genetics 5, no. 7 (July 10, 2009): e1000558. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000558.

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Phelps, Teresa Godwin. "Syndrome Logic - Donald Alexander Downs: More Than Victims: Battered Women, the Syndrome Society, and the Law. (Chicago: University of chicago Press, 1996. Pp. xi, 309. $27.50.)." Review of Politics 59, no. 4 (1997): 949–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034670500028473.

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Dludla, Phiwayinkosi V., Patrick Orlando, Sonia Silvestri, Fabio Marcheggiani, Ilenia Cirilli, Tawanda M. Nyambuya, Vuyolwethu Mxinwa, et al. "Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation Improves Adipokine Levels and Alleviates Inflammation and Lipid Peroxidation in Conditions of Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 9 (May 4, 2020): 3247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093247.

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Evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggests that coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) can regulate adipokine levels to impact inflammation and oxidative stress in conditions of metabolic syndrome. Here, prominent electronic databases such as MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were searched for eligible RCTs reporting on any correlation between adipokine levels and modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress in individuals with metabolic syndrome taking CoQ10. The risk of bias was assessed using the modified Black and Downs checklist, while the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tool was used to evaluate the quality of evidence. Results from the current meta-analysis, involving 318 participants, showed that CoQ10 supplementation in individuals with metabolic syndrome increased adiponectin levels when compared to those on placebo (SMD: 1.44 [95% CI: −0.13, 3.00]; I2 = 96%, p < 0.00001). Moreover, CoQ10 supplementation significantly lowered inflammation markers in individuals with metabolic syndrome in comparison to those on placebo (SMD: −0.31 [95% CI: −0.54, −0.08]; I2 = 51%, p = 0.07). Such benefits with CoQ10 supplementation were related to its ameliorative effects on lipid peroxidation by reducing malondialdehyde levels, concomitant to improving glucose control and liver function. The overall findings suggest that optimal regulation of adipokine function is crucial for the beneficial effects of CoQ10 in improving metabolic health.

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Licastro, F., M. Chiappelli, E. Porcellini, M. Rustica, and M. M. Corsi. "Neopterin Levels and Immune Activation in the Blood of Children with Down’s Syndrome." Pteridines 16, no. 1 (February 2005): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pteridines.2005.16.1.35.

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Abstract Patients with AD often show altered levels of some immune molecules in their peripheral blood which correlate with cognitive impairment. Downs' syndrome (DS) subjects are at high risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here we studied immune molecules, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), C reactive protein (CRP) and neopterin, in the blood of non demented children with DS to investigate whether altered peripheral immune phenotype could be present in this subjects without dementia, many years before the presentation of clinical signs of cognitive deterioration. Plasma levels of neopterin and IL-6 were measured by commercially available ELISA kits, whereas plasma CRP concentration was evaluated by nephelometric immunoassay technique. We studied a group of 40 patients with DS, 20 healthy controls and 100 patients w ith AD. Plasma levels of IL-6 and CRP were significantly higher in DS than in control children. The increase of IL-6 and CRP from DS children was similar to that found in elderly patients with clinical AD. In the present research we have also studied blood levels of neopterin which were in the normal range either in DS or control. Increased or normal levels of this metabolite have been found in the blood of AD patients. However, increased blood neopterin was likely to be only elevated in patients with advanced clinical stage of AD. Peripheral altered immune phenotype in healthy young subjects with DS might be an early sign of CNS alterations leading many years later to cognitive deterioration and dementia.

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Kakar, Rumit S., Hilary B. Greenberger, and Patrick O. McKeon. "Efficacy of Kinesio Taping and McConnell Taping Techniques in the Management of Anterior Knee Pain." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 29, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2017-0369.

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Context: Anterior knee pain also known as patellofemoral pain syndrome is a frequently encountered musculoskeletal disorder that worsens with activity. The multifactorial etiology of patellofemoral pain syndrome alters lower-extremity mechanics, increasing patellofemoral joint stresses during weight-bearing tasks. Kinesio and McConnell tapings are often incorporated into the treatment, but their efficacy is still unclear. Objective: To test the efficacy of Kinesio taping, McConnell taping, and sham taping in improving knee mechanics and reducing pain during activity. Design: Cross-sectional design. Setting: Clinical biomechanics laboratory. Participants: Ten participants (age: 20.3 [1.5] y, height: 169.9 [10.4] cm, and mass: 70.17 [13.1] kg) with anterior knee pain and no history of trauma. Intervention: Three trials each of squat, drop jump, and step-down tasks with 3 taping conditions in a counterbalanced order. Main Outcome Measures: Two-dimensional motion capture data of lower-extremities in frontal and sagittal planes were recorded and analyzed using 3 iPads and Spark Motion® application. Pooled effect sizes (Hedges’ g), 95% confidence intervals, and repeated-measures analysis of variance (P < .05) compared baseline and taping conditions during exercises for pain Visual Analog Scale and knee flexion in all exercises, hip abduction during step-down and drop jump, frontal plane projection during step-downs, and knee translation in sagittal plane during squats. Results: Significant reductions in Visual Analog Scale were recorded during squats between tapes (F2.505,12.867 = 3.407, P = .04, Hedges’ g = −0.70). Pairwise comparison showed a decrease in Visual Analog Scale for sham taping (mean difference = 1.14 cm, P = .01) and Kinesio taping (mean difference = 1.54 cm, P = .02) compared with baseline during squats. Conclusions: A variety of taping methods can potentially reduce perceived pain in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome, allowing clinicians to perform rehabilitation exercises. Sensory effects associated with short-term taping may be sufficient enough to modify knee pain acutely by afferent input blocking nocioceptive pain before the participants could adapt. Most interestingly, the sham taping technique demonstrated promise for enhancing functional outcomes, depending on the length of the tape and area covered.

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Ellis, Harold. "John Langdon Down: Down's syndrome." Journal of Perioperative Practice 23, no. 12 (December 2013): 296–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/175045891302301206.

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