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1
Miao, Qiang, Qiang Li, Yamei Xu, Zhichen Lin, Wei Chen, and Xinmin Li. "Virtual Constant Signal Injection-Based MTPA Control for IPMSM Considering Partial Derivative Term of Motor Inductance Parameters." World Electric Vehicle Journal 13, no. 12 (2022): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj13120240.
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The dq-axis inductance parameter value of the Internal Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (IPMSM) will change with the dq-axis current. The Virtual Constant Signal Injection Method (VCSIM)-based Maximum Torque Per Ampere (MTPA) control ignores the partial derivative term of the dq-axis inductance to the dq-axis current when extracting the partial derivative information of the torque to the dq-axis current. This will cause the current to deviate from the MTPA point, which will have a certain impact on the output capacity and efficiency of the motor torque. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes a simple and feasible compensation method by solving the partial derivative information between the dq-axis inductance and the dq-axis current. The experimental results show that the motor efficiency and torque output capability are significantly improved after applying the proposed strategy.
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Son, Dong-Kyun, Soon-Ho Kwon, Dong-Ok Kim, Hee-Sue Song, and Geun-Ho Lee. "Control Comparison for the Coordinate Transformation of an Asymmetric Dual Three Phase Synchronous Motor in Healthy and Single-Phase Open Fault States." Energies 14, no. 6 (2021): 1735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14061735.
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The coordinate transformation method of asymmetric dual three phase synchronous motor (ADTP-SM) is a Double dq transform using two dq-axes and a vector space decomposition (VSD) model method using the orthogonality of ADTP-SM. There are several studies comparing the two methods in a healthy state, but few in a single-phase open fault state. In the healthy, when the VSD model is applied, different harmonic orders of the phase current are projected onto the dq and xy-axes (the axis for controlling harmonics of the phase current), and the two-axes are orthogonal, so it can be controlled stably. In the single-phase open fault state, the same current control logic as in the healthy situation is applied. When applying the Double dq transform, the dq-axis of the fault set fluctuates, and it affects the healthy set, so it cannot be controlled stably. When applying the VSD model, if both the dq-axis and the xy-axis are controlled, the two coordinate systems do not have orthogonality and cannot be stably controlled, due to mutual interference. However, if only the dq-axis is controlled, it can be controlled stably because there is no Cartesian coordinate system other than the dq-axis. In the healthy state and single-phase open fault state, the equation is verified through experiments and simulations, and the control stability according to the coordinate transformation is compared.
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Costin, Madalin, and Corneliu Lazar. "Field-Oriented Predictive Control Structure for Synchronous Reluctance Motors." Machines 11, no. 7 (2023): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines11070682.
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This paper presents a cascade predictive control structure based on field-oriented control (FOC) in the dq rotor reference frame for the synchronous reluctance machine (SynRM). The constant d-axis current control strategy was used, and thus, the electromagnetic torque was directly controlled by the q-axis current. Because the model of the two axes of currents from the inner loop is a coupled non-linear multivariable one, to control in a non-interaction and linear way the two currents, their decoupling was achieved through feedforward components. Following the decoupling, two independent monovariable linear systems resulted for the two current dynamics that were controlled using model predictive control (MPC) algorithms, considering their ability to automatically handle the state bounds. The most important bounds for SynRM are the limits imposed on currents and voltages, which in the dq plane correspond to a circular limit. To avoid computational effort, linear limitations were adopted through polygonal approximations, resulting in rectangular regions in the dq plane. For the outer loop that controls the angular speed with a constrained MPC algorithm, the q-axis current closed-loop dynamics and the torque linear equation were considered. To evaluate the performance of the proposed cascade predictive control structure, a simulation study using MPC controllers versus PI ones was conducted.
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Cao, Yan Ling, Ping Cao, and Yan Dong Wen. "Inductance Measurement for PMSM Using Instantaneous Flux Linkage Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 685 (October 2014): 393–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.685.393.
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The dq-axis inductances are important for the voltage decoupling control, torque estimation and steady-state performance analysis of a PMSM machine. In this paper, a measurement method is proposed based on the dq-axis instantaneous flux linkages calculation. The rotor is locked by a positive d-axis current, and then a proper AC current is assigned respectively to the d and q-axis reference current in order to cover the various current ranges. The instantaneous flux linkages are calculated by the integration of dq-axis current and voltage offline. Finally, dq-axis inductances are computed by the integrated flux linkages divided by the dq-axis current.
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Lin, Faa-Jeng, Syuan-Yi Chen, Wei-Ting Lin, and Chih-Wei Liu. "An Online Parameter Estimation Using Current Injection with Intelligent Current-Loop Control for IPMSM Drives." Energies 14, no. 23 (2021): 8138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14238138.
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An online parameter estimation methodology using the d-axis current injection, which can estimate the distorted voltage of the current-controlled voltage source inverter (CCVSI), the varying dq-axis inductances, and the rotor flux, is proposed in this study for interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drives in the constant torque region. First, a d-axis current injection-based parameter estimation methodology considering the nonlinearity of a CCVSI is proposed. Then, during current injection, a simple linear model is developed to model the cross- and self-saturation of the dq-axis inductances. Since the d-axis unsaturated inductance is difficult to obtain by merely using the recursive least square (RLS) method, a novel tuning method for the d-axis unsaturated inductance is proposed by using the theory of the maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) with the combination of the RLS method. Moreover, to improve the bandwidth of the current loop, an intelligent proportional-integral-derivative (PID) neural network controller with improved online learning algorithm is adopted to replace the traditional PI controller. The estimated the dq-axis inductances and the rotor flux are adopted in the decoupled control of the current loops. Finally, the experimental results at various operating conditions of the IPMSM in the constant torque region are given.
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Sobhy, Ahmed, Ahmed G. Abo-Khalil, Dong Lei, Tareq Salameh, Adel Merabet, and Malek Alkasrawi. "Coupling DFIG-Based Wind Turbines with the Grid under Voltage Imbalance Conditions." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (2022): 5076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095076.
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A smooth coupling is implemented between the grid and doubly fed induction generator-based wind turbines (DFIG-WTs) during grid voltage imbalance. The nonlinear characteristics of a grid-connected DFIG-WT system may increase stresses on the mechanical and electrical components of wind turbines. Such difficulties are greatly increased during periods of voltage imbalance. Consequently, in this paper, a new control scheme is proposed to regulate DFIGs in order to support a smooth connection to the grid during voltage imbalance. In synchronization mode, the positive sequence of the rotor dq-axes currents regulates the stator q-axis EMF that is to be synchronized with the q-axis voltage of the grid-side voltage. The phase difference between the grid and stator voltages is compensated by adjusting the stator d-axis EMF to zero. Under normal conditions, a PR controller is used to dampen the negative sequence of the rotor dq-axes currents. PI current controllers are tuned to control the positive sequence of the DFIG rotor currents, while PR current controllers are used to regulate the negative sequence of the rotor currents during synchronization and under normal operation conditions. Experiments are performed to verify the smooth synchronization of the DFIG and the robustness of the proposed control scheme during grid voltage imbalance.
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Huang, Anxue, Zhongxian Chen, and Juanjuan Wang. "Research on the dq-Axis Current Reaction Time of an Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Electric Vehicle." World Electric Vehicle Journal 14, no. 7 (2023): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj14070196.
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An interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) is a kind of drive motor with high power density that is suitable for electric vehicles. In this paper, the dq-axis current reaction time of IPMSM was investigated in order to improve the reaction time of the electric vehicle. Firstly, the mathematical model of the current-loop decoupling of IPMSM was presented. Secondly, the controller design of dq-axis current-loop decoupling of IPMSM was investigated by the methods of proportional integral (PI) and internal model control PI (IMC-PI). Thirdly, based on the methods of PI and IMC-PI, the influence of the inverter switching frequency on the dq-axis current reaction time of IPMSM was analyzed and simulated, and it was found that the inverter switching frequency only had a significant influence on the parameters set of the PI controller. Lastly, compared with the PI method, the results of the simulation and hardware experiment demonstrate that the dq-axis current reaction time of IPMSM was improved by the IMC-PI method, and the IMC-PI method had the advantage of simple parameters setting and was not influenced by the inverter switching frequency.
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Xing, Feng, Xiaoyu Song, Yuge Gao, and Chaoning Zhang. "Toward Reducing Undesired Rotation Torque in Maglev Permanent Magnet Synchronous Linear Motor." Energies 16, no. 16 (2023): 6066. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16166066.
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The dq current transformation method can be used to achieve the drive control of the maglev permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (MPMSLM). Specifically, the control of the suspension force Fz can be achieved by controlling the d-axis current, and the control of the thrust force Fx can be achieved by controlling the q-axis current. However, the direct use of the dq current transformation method on traditional MPMSLM structures produces an additional rotation torque around the y-axis. In order to reduce this additional torque, a new MPMSLM structure is proposed in this work. First, the characteristics of additional torque through finite element analysis are analyzed. Second, the Halbach permanent magnet array and coil size are optimized, and the topology of the MPMSLM coil is designed to reduce the additional torque. The decoupling performance and current of the proposed MPMSLM are experimentally verified through open-loop experiments using finite element simulation software. Finally, the decoupling algorithm of the generalized inverse matrix is used to achieve the decoupling between forces Fx and Fz and torque Ty and the d-axis and q-axis currents in each drive unit. Based on this, a three-degree-of-freedom closed-loop control system of the MPMSLM is designed. The LabVIEW 2018 software is used for the simulation analysis of the three-degree-of-freedom MPMSLM motion control system, and the results show that the proposed motor structure has superior closed-loop control performance.
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Almamoori, Nawres Ali, Bogdan Dziadak, and Ahmad H. Sabry. "Design of a closed-loop autotune PID controller for three-phase for power factor corrector with Vienna rectifier." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11, no. 4 (2022): 1798–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i4.3728.
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A closed-loop auto-tuner proportional integral derivative (PID) controller for tuning the DC-link voltage, voltage neutral controllers, and DQ axis current for a power factor corrector with Vienna rectifier is developed and discussed in this study. In traditional tuning of these control loops, it is needed to tune one loop at a time manually, which tends to be a difficult and time-consuming process. In this work, we add a closed-loop PID auto-tuner in the control design will help to simplify and speed up this process by tuning all the 4 PID controllers in a single simulation running in a closed loop. Essentially, it runs auto-tuning experiments for the DQ axis -current, output voltage, and neutral point voltage loops by injecting perturbations; recording the output; estimating the plant frequency response, and tuning the PI controller parameters. In DQ-axis control, projections are used to convert time-based3-phase currents into a time invariant 2-coordinate vector. The results after adding the auto-tuner show that the response time improved considerably when the balanced load was introduced with the individual loads being connected. The results show that the neutral point voltage controller did a good job of keeping the voltage neutral point stable compared to the older controller gains.
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Nawres, Ali Almamoori, Dziadak Bogdan, and H. Sabry Ahmad. "10.11591/eei.v11i4.3728." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11, no. 4 (2022): Vienna rectifier. https://doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i4.3728.
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A closed-loop auto-tuner proportional integral derivative (PID) controller for tuning the DC-link voltage, voltage neutral controllers, and DQ axis current for a power factor corrector with Vienna rectifier is developed and discussed in this study. In traditional tuning of these control loops, it is needed to tune one loop at a time manually, which tends to be a difficult and timeconsuming process. In this work, we add a closed-loop PID auto-tuner in the control design will help to simplify and speed up this process by tuning all the 4 PID controllers in a single simulation running in a closed loop. Essentially, it runs auto-tuning experiments for the DQ axis -current, output voltage, and neutral point voltage loops by injecting perturbations; recording the output; estimating the plant frequency response, and tuning the PI controller parameters. In DQ-axis control, projections are used to convert time-based3-phase currents into a time invariant 2-coordinate vector. The results after adding the auto-tuner show that the response time improved considerably when the balanced load was introduced with the individual loads being connected. The results show that the neutral point voltage controller did a good job of keeping the voltage neutral point stable compared to the older controller gains.
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Cai, Yupeng, Lujie Yu, Meng Wu, et al. "Grid-Forming Control for Solar Generation System with Battery Energy Storage." Energies 17, no. 15 (2024): 3642. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17153642.
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Solar generation systems with battery energy storage have become a research hotspot in recent years. This paper proposes a grid-forming control for such a system. The inverter control consists of the inner dq-axis current control, the dq-axis voltage control, the phase-locked loop (PLL) based frequency control, and the DC voltage control. The proposed control embeds the PLL into the grid-forming inverter control, offering the advantages of better synchronization and fault current-limiting capability. With the proposed control, the battery energy storage is able to provide inertial and primary frequency support during the grid frequency disturbance. Simulation models are established in PSCAD/EMTDC, and the results during the active power variation and AC voltage variation, the grid frequency disturbance, grid fault, and mode switch validate the effectiveness of the proposed control.
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Jin, Tianbao, Wei Tian, and Wenxiang Zhao. "Fault detection and fault tole rant control of interturn short circuit of double redundancy motor." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2522, no. 1 (2023): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2522/1/012024.
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Abstract This paper presents the robust detection of interturn short circuit fault of double redundant permanent magnet synchronous motor. In the static coordinate system and double dq-axis system, the mathematical model of the fault state is established. Further, the residual signal of the dq-axis current caused by the turn-to-turn short circuit fault is predicted using the Luenberger observer. Next, the fault marker and the fault phase marker are obtained by processing the current residual signal. Finally, the processor performs the excision of the faulty phases and hardware reconfiguration, thus allowing fault-tolerant operation of the motor. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the detection and fault tolerance of double redundant permanent magnet synchronous motor.
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Liu, Fang, Haotian Li, Ling Liu, Runmin Zou, and Kangzhi Liu. "A Control Method for IPMSM Based on Active Disturbance Rejection Control and Model Predictive Control." Mathematics 9, no. 7 (2021): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9070760.
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In this paper, the speed tracking problem of the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) of an electric vehicle is studied. A cascade speed control strategy based on active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) and a current control strategy based on improved duty cycle finite control set model predictive control (FCSMPC) are proposed, both of which can reduce torque ripple and current ripple as well as the computational burden. First of all, in the linearization process, some nonlinear terms are added into the control signal for voltage compensation, which can reduce the order of the prediction model. Then, the dq-axis currents are selected by maximum torque per ampere (MTPA). Six virtual vectors are employed to FCSMPC, and a novel way to calculate the duty cycle is adopted. Finally, the simulation results show the validity and superiority of the proposed method.
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Wei, Kai, Changjun Zhao, and Yi Zhou. "An Improved Q-Axis Current Control to Mitigate the Low-Frequency Oscillation in a Single-Phase Grid-Connected Converter System." Energies 16, no. 9 (2023): 3816. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16093816.
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An electric railway system is a typical single-phase grid-connected converter system, and the low-frequency oscillation (LFO) phenomenon in electric railway systems has been widely reported around the world. Previous research has indicated that the LFO is a small-signal instability issue caused by impedance mismatching between the traction network system and electric trains. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved q-axis current control method to reshape the train’s impedance. The proposed method can be implemented easily by relating a reverse q-axis reactive current directly to the reference of the q-axis current under the dq current decoupled control. Moreover, considering the additional q-axis reactive current control, a small-signal impedance model of a train–network system is built. The impedance-based analysis results indicate that the proposed q-axis reactive current feedback control can increase the magnitude of the train’s impedance, which is beneficial to enhancing the system’s stability. Finally, this paper employs experimental results to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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Bunjongjit, Kitsanu, and Yuttana Kumsuwan. "Performance Enhancement of PMSG Systems with Control of Generator-side Converter Using d-axis Stator Current Controller." ECTI Transactions on Electrical Engineering, Electronics, and Communications 11, no. 2 (2013): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37936/ecti-eec.2013112.170676.
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This paper presents a performance enhancement of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) system with control of generator-side converter for a wind turbine application. This method uses zero d- axis stator current control to minimize winding losses of the generator. The electromagnetic torque of the generator is correlated with the magnitude of the qaxis stator current, while the daxis stator current is regulated at zero, the control scheme decouples the dq-axis stator current control through a vector con- trol for the generator-side converter. This paper also presents mathematical analysis of the active power and stator power factor, and the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) operation. Simulation re- sults are provided to guarantee the proposed control scheme, in which the performance enhancement and eciency are evaluated.
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Zhao, Fang Ping, and Yong Yang. "Three-Level Grid-Connected Inverter Based on Voltage-Oriented Control in Photovoltaic Generation Systems." Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 2494–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.2494.
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The paper propose a new control of a three-phase three-level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) pulse width modulated (PWM) inverter in photovoltaic generation systems. The control scheme is mainly based on voltage-oriented control (VOC) with an improved maximum power point (MPP) tracking (MPPT). A cascaded control structure with an outer dc link voltage control loop and an inner current control loop is used. The currents are controlled in a synchronous dq reference frame using a decoupled feedback control. Furthermore, in order to achieve a unity power factor, the q-axis current reference is set to zero. The experimental results have proven an excellent performance and verified the validity of proposed system.
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Kuyumcu, Ali, Murat Karabacak, and Ali Fuat Boz. "High-Fidelity Modeling and Stability Analysis of Microgrids by Considering Time Delay." Electronics 14, no. 8 (2025): 1625. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14081625.
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Microgrids (MGs) offer substantial environmental, economic, and technological benefits by supplying electrical energy to the grid or local consumers via power electronic inverter-interfaced Distributed Energy Resources (DERs). However, the design, control, and stability analysis of inverter-interfaced MGs present significant challenges, as numerous system parameters influence the overall stability of these MGs. While extensive research has been conducted on MG stability, predominantly through eigenvalue-based state-space models, further refinement is necessary for more accurate stability assessments. This paper provides an accurate and detailed stability analysis of MGs, focusing specifically on parallel-connected grid-forming inverters (GFIs) operating in island mode. The novelty of this paper lies in three key contributions: (1) accurately considering a time delay in regard to the dq-axis synchronous reference frame, (2) the enhanced accuracy of the small-signal model for the purpose of the voltage control loop, and (3) the enhanced accuracy of the small-signal model for the purpose of the current control loop. In the literature, digital control-induced time delays are typically incorporated directly into the dq-axis, while the effect of the phase shift is then neglected, leading to inaccurate stability assessment results. Accordingly, the motivation of this paper is to consider the time delay, which naturally exists in regard to the abc-axis, and accurately represent it in regard to the dq-axis by modeling the phase shift effect for precise stability analysis. These contributions enable a precise small-signal model to be developed and eigenvalue-based stability analysis to be carried out by not only incorporating an accurate representation of the time delay, but also considering the voltage control loop and the current control loop in regard to the dq-axis synchronous reference frame. To achieve this aim, a full-order state-space and small-signal model of GFIs is developed, considering all the subsystem dynamics. The theoretical analysis conducted within the MATLAB m-file code environment (other programming languages, such as C or Python, could also be employed) and the real-time simulation results obtained using PLECS show excellent agreement, verifying the accuracy of the proposed method and highlighting its superior precision compared to conventional stability analysis. The real-time simulation results show that the proposed small-signal model has less than 5% deviation in regard to both active and reactive power droop coefficient limits, while the conventional model deviates by 22% and 530% in regard to active and reactive power droop, respectively. Consequently, this study determines the critical boundaries of the control parameters that ensure MG stability, providing a more accurate foundation for stability analysis and control design.
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He, Liyuan, Chuanwei Zhou, and Lanjiang Wu. "Current Harmonic Control Method of Wind Turbine Based on PIR Controller." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2480, no. 1 (2023): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2480/1/012006.
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Abstract Wind power equipment technology is the basis for the development of wind power generation. Aiming at the problem that the traditional PI controller is difficult to control the AC component of the current in the DQ axis, resulting in a large number of current harmonics in the process of power generation, which seriously affects the efficiency of power generation. This paper proposes a current harmonic control method for wind turbines based on a PIR controller. The mathematical model of wind power generation is constructed based on the synchronous rotating coordinate system. The current harmonic components are calculated according to the DQ rotor speed, shaft component, and other parameters. The PIR current harmonic controller is established by improving the ordinary PI controller to track and control the AC current signal. And finally, a current harmonic control target value is obtained according to different main control targets, and a specific harmonic component is eliminated. The experimental results show that the harmonic content is 3.12%, 2.06%, 1.17%, and 1. 02%, respectively, when the harmonic current order is 5, 7, 11, and 13. It is better than the comparison method. Therefore, this method can greatly reduce the harmonic content of the current in the process of different current orders, reduce the harmonic loss, and improve the generating efficiency of the unit.
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Bahrani, Behrooz, Stephan Kenzelmann, and Alfred Rufer. "Multivariable-PI-Based $dq$ Current Control of Voltage Source Converters With Superior Axis Decoupling Capability." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 58, no. 7 (2011): 3016–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2010.2070776.
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Vicente, José, and Agostinho Rocha. "Comparative Study of Multilevel Converters using DQ Current Control." U.Porto Journal of Engineering 10, no. 3 (2024): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2183-6493_0010-003_002679.
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This paper presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of different multilevel converter topologies, including 2-level, Neutral Point-Clamped (NPC), Cascaded H-Bridge (CHB), and T-Type converters using the DQ current control strategy. The study aims to evaluate the performance of these topologies concerning current Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and ripple in the direct and quadrature components of the current. A mathematical model of the grid is presented to facilitate the simulation study. The DQ current control scheme is implemented to regulate the current in both the direct and quadrature axes. The simulations are conducted under various operating conditions to capture the converters’ performance across different load scenarios and modulation techniques. Results indicate significant variations in the performance metrics among the different converter topologies. The 2-level converter exhibits higher THD and ripple compared to the more complex multilevel topologies.
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Cao, Wei, Jing Sun, Hu Su, and Dao Pei Yang. "The Design and Research of Three-Phase Inverter Dual-Loop Control." Applied Mechanics and Materials 672-674 (October 2014): 961–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.672-674.961.
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A dual-loop (inner current loop and outer voltage loop) control scheme for micro electric source inverters in microgrid is improved in this paper. In order to make dual-loop control analysis more accurate, LC filter, SVPWM module equivalent are included in the inverter supplied system model. Based on the fully decoupled dq axis model,the PI controller are used in both inner current loop and outer voltage loop. The inner current loop is designed with engineering algorithm and the outer voltage loop with bode diagram and step response. The simulation results show the validity of the designed control in that the proposed design methodology not only enhances steady state performance of the system, improves the voltage quality but also enables the current limiting.
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Ilioudis, Vasilios C. "A Study of MTPA Applied to Sensorless Control of the Synchronous Reluctance Machine (SynRM)." Automation 6, no. 1 (2025): 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/automation6010011.
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The present paper proposes a new Maximum Torque Per Ampere (MTPA) algorithm applied to sensorless speed control for the Synchronous Reluctance Machine (SynRM). The SynRM mathematical model is suitably modified and expressed in the γδ estimated reference frame, which could be applied in sensorless implementations. In the controller–observer scheme, an MTPA controller is coupled with a sliding mode observer (SMO) of first order. The provided equivalent control inputs are directly utilized by a modified EMF observer to estimate the rotor speed and position. Also, the MTPA control, SMO, and modified EMF observer are accordingly expressed in the γδ reference frame. In the duration of the SynRM operation, the developed MTPA algorithm succeeds in adjusting both stator current components in the γ-axis and δ-axis to the maximum torque point, while the SMO converges rapidly, achieving the coincidence between the γδ and dq reference frames. In addition, a simple torque decoupling technique is used to determine the γ-axis and δ-axis reference currents connected with the Anti-Windup Controller (AWC) for stator current control. Despite conventional MTPA methods, the proposed MTPA control strategy is designed to be robust in a wide speed range, exhibiting a high dynamic performance, regardless of the presence of external torque disturbances, reference speed variation, and even current measurement noise. The performance of the overall observer–control system is examined and evaluated using MATLAB/Simulink and considering noisy current feedback. Simulation results demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed MTPA-based control method.
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Chen, Yijing, Zhonghuan Su, Weihua Xie, Hui Yao, and Chunhua Li. "Research on modular multi-level converter control based on passivity theory." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2703, no. 1 (2024): 012082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2703/1/012082.
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Abstract All In view of the poor dynamic performance of the conventional PI control method in modular multilevel converter (MMC) systems, an up-to-date control strategy using passive theory is proposed. First, the topology of the system and its mathematical model are presented, then its Euler-Lagrange (EL) model is developed and its passivity is proved. Next, the dq-axis component of the current is chosen as the state variable to derive the passivity-based control (PBC) law and from this, the current passivity controller is designed. Simulation shows that compared with conventional PI control, the PBC in this paper can respond quickly to the change of current or power under different operating conditions, with good harmonic characteristics and better dynamic characteristics.
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Zakieldeen, Elhassan, Yi Tang, and Yang Li. "Proposed Control Method of Doubly Fed Induction Generator Rotor Side Converter Based on System Frequency Regulation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 548-549 (April 2014): 806–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.548-549.806.
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With the more penetration of wind power based on the DFIG wind turbine to the grid, there is increasing significance for controlling output power in order to meet power system requirements and to participate the frequency regulation in the power grid. This paper is presented proposed control method of DFIG implemented in the RSC using system frequency coordinated control. In this study, the GSC is controlled by using modified vector control method while the RSC is controlled by adjusting the rotor dq-axis currents. The quadrature axis current controls by using the active power generating from the frequency deviation and DFIG store kinetic energy, whereas the direct axis current is controlled by using grid reactive power. Moreover, this power is also used as a main parameter besides rotor speed to control the pitch angle blade in the turbine side. To confirm this method study, the system operation is conducted at steady state and transient modes, and the simulation results were carried out using PSCAD software program. The simulation results show that the voltage of DFIG is very stable, and the system frequency response has been improved. Furthermore, this study realized a full rated value of rotor speed and stable operation of DFIG active power at a steady state besides a good transient response. Moreover, the pitch angle control provided adequate control action at dynamic mode to decrease turbine torque hence to lead to safety transient mode operation.
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Ghanayem, Haneen, Mohammad Alathamneh, and R. M. Nelms. "Decoupled Speed and Flux Control of Three-Phase PMSM Based on the Proportional-Resonant Control Method." Energies 16, no. 3 (2023): 1053. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16031053.
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Field-oriented control (FOC) has achieved great success in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) control. For the PMSM drive, FOC allows the motor torque and flux to be controlled separately, which means the torque and flux are decoupled from each other. Since the torque control is achieved by the speed controller, it can be considered that the speed and the flux of the PMSM are also decoupled from each other and can be controlled separately. In this paper, we propose a PMSM vector control using decoupled speed and flux controllers based on the proportional-resonant (PR) control method. A flux controller is proposed to control the flux of the PMSM and generate the d-axis reference current, whereas the speed regulator is used to generate the torque as well as the q-axis reference current. The PR controller is proposed to control the dq-axis currents and generate the reference voltages; its design is included.Therefore, decoupled speed and flux controllers are controlled separately using the PR controller. The Matlab/Simulink environment is utilized for the simulation, while the dSPACE DS1104 is used for the experimental work. The proposed control method is simple; there are no flux or torque estimators required, so it can avoid the complexity of estimators in the control scheme. The motor is tested under different scenarios, including flux change, speed change, and load torque change. The simulation and hardware results show the effectiveness of the proposed control method in controlling the the speed and the flux of PMSM with fast motor response and good dynamic performance in the different scenarios.
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Otkun, Özcan, R. Özgür Doğan, and A. Sefa Akpinar. "Performance Analysis of Linear Permanent Magnets Synchronous Motor by Scalar Control Method (v/f)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 666 (October 2014): 199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.666.199.
Full textAbstract:
This study is conducted to improve the performance of Linear Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor by using Scalar Control Method. To do this, open and closed loop control methods are used. The study is modeled with MATLAB / SIMULINK. Firstly, the Simulink model has been developed by using equations dq axis system of the motor. Then, a scalar control method is modeled. Thirdly, open and closed loop control forms are modeled. From these models, current, thrust force, and speed graphs were obtained. It is seen on the graphs, the motor's closed loop PID control at scalar control method provide positive results.
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Wang, Zhiqiang, Yan Niu, Xiayu Yan, and Xin Gu. "Low-Carrier-Ratio Modulation Strategy Based on Improved Flux Ripple Model." Energies 15, no. 6 (2022): 2173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15062173.
Full textAbstract:
Since the quality of the direct and quadrature axis current (dq-axis) is an important performance indicator of a motor, the technique of flux ripple analysis is necessary to determine the appropriate working conditions for various voltage sequences and reduce current fluctuations. However, the traditional flux ripple model cannot analyze dq-axis flux ripples (except under no-load conditions). Therefore, it is unable to calculate the modulation ratio and voltage angle (angle between the reference vector and the q-axis) ranges to satisfy the given q-axis (or d-axis) current fluctuation requirement based on this model. To solve this problem, in this paper, we derived an improved flux ripple model by applying coordinate transformation to the traditional flux ripple model, which can be used to calculate the RMS (root mean square) value of the q-axis and the total flux ripple distribution within sector I under different modulation ratios and voltage angle ranges. The modulation ratio and voltage angle range of low-carrier-ratio modulation strategy (0121 sequence) with a smaller RMS value of flux ripple compared to the traditional modulation strategy (0127 sequence) was determined based on the calculated results of the RMS values of the flux ripple. It was concluded that the 0121 sequence is suitable for high-modulation-ratio conditions as a result of analysis by applying the proposed method to determine the proper working conditions for the low-carrier-ratio modulation strategy, and there was an improvement effect of reducing the current ripple and THD by adopting a low-carrier-ratio modulation strategy instead of the traditional modulation strategy in high-modulation-ratio conditions. The validity of the proposed improved flux ripple analysis method and low-carrier-ratio modulation strategy has been verified by simulation and experiment.
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Lin, Faa-Jeng, Shih-Gang Chen, and Jin-Kuan Chang. "Intelligent Wind Power Smoothing Control using Fuzzy Neural Network." E3S Web of Conferences 69 (2018): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186901006.
Full textAbstract:
An intelligent wind power smoothing control using fuzzy neural network (FNN) is proposed in this study. First, the modeling of wind power generator and the designed battery energy storage system (BESS) are introduced. The BESS is consisted of a bidirectional interleaved DC/DC converter and a 3-arm 3-level inverter. Then, the network structure of the FNN and its online learning algorithms are described in detail. Moreover, actual wind data is adopted as the input to the designed wind power generator model. Furthermore, the three-phase output currents of the wind power generator are converted to dq-axis current components. The resulted q-axis current is the input of the FNN power smoothing control and the output is a gentle wind power curve to achieve the effect of wind power smoothing. The difference of the actual wind power and smoothed power is supplied by the BESS. Comparing to the other smoothing methods, a minimum energy capacity of the BESS with a small fluctuation of the grid power can be achieved by the FNN power smoothing control. In the experimentation, a digital signal processor (DSP) based BESS is built using two TMS320F28335. From the experimental results of various wind variation sceneries, the effectiveness of the proposed intelligent wind power smoothing control is verified.
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Aouiche, El Moundher, Xu Liu, Abdelaziz Aouiche, et al. "Dynamic Decoupled Current Control for Smooth Torque of the Open-Winding Variable Flux Reluctance Motor Using Integrated Torque Harmonic Extended State Observer." Processes 13, no. 1 (2025): 263. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13010263.
Full textAbstract:
Variable Flux Reluctance Machines (VFRMs) face multiple interconnected challenges that limit their performance, particularly in high-performance applications such as electric vehicles (EVs), where smooth torque output and robust operation are critical. Chief among these challenges are complex inter-axis couplings, including cross-coupling in the dq-axis, differential term coupling in the d0-axis, and disturbances propagating from the 0-axis to the q-axis. Additionally, harmonic disturbances associated with torque ripple exacerbate performance issues, resulting in degraded dynamic behavior. These challenges hinder current loop controllers, preventing effective management of winding impedance voltage drops and inter-axis coupling terms without advanced decoupling strategies. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a novel integrated torque harmonic extended state observer (ITHESO) within a decoupled current control designed to ensure fast and accurate current tracking, system stability, and torque ripple reduction. The ITHESO identifies and compensates for total current disturbances, including harmonic components, through feed-forward compensation within the current loop. Furthermore, the influence of control parameters and the effects of parameter mismatches on stability, torque ripple reduction, and disturbance rejection are thoroughly analyzed. Experimental validations demonstrate that the proposed strategy significantly enhances torque dynamics and reduces torque ripple, outperforming the conventional Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC), which does not explicitly address disturbances associated with torque ripple. These advancements position the VFRM with the ITHESO as a competitive option for high-performance EV propulsion systems, offering smooth operation, noise reduction, and reliable performance under varying speeds and loads.
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Lin, Faa-Jeng, Yi-Hung Liao, Jyun-Ru Lin, and Wei-Ting Lin. "Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive System with Machine Learning-Based Maximum Torque per Ampere and Flux-Weakening Control." Energies 14, no. 2 (2021): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020346.
Full textAbstract:
An interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive system with machine learning-based maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) as well as flux-weakening (FW) control was developed and is presented in this study. Since the control performance of IPMSM varies significantly due to the temperature variation and magnetic saturation, a machine learning-based MTPA control using a Petri probabilistic fuzzy neural network with an asymmetric membership function (PPFNN-AMF) was developed. First, the d-axis current command, which can achieve the MTPA control of the IPMSM, is derived. Then, the difference value of the dq-axis inductance of the IPMSM is obtained by the PPFNN-AMF and substituted into the d-axis current command of the MTPA to alleviate the saturation effect in the constant torque region. Moreover, a voltage control loop, which can limit the inverter output voltage to the maximum output voltage of the inverter at high-speed, is designed for the FW control in the constant power region. In addition, an adaptive complementary sliding mode (ACSM) speed controller is developed to improve the transient response of the speed control. Finally, some experimental results are given to demonstrate the validity of the proposed high-performance control strategies.
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Lin, Faa-Jeng, Yi-Hung Liao, Jyun-Ru Lin, and Wei-Ting Lin. "Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive System with Machine Learning-Based Maximum Torque per Ampere and Flux-Weakening Control." Energies 14, no. 2 (2021): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020346.
Full textAbstract:
An interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive system with machine learning-based maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) as well as flux-weakening (FW) control was developed and is presented in this study. Since the control performance of IPMSM varies significantly due to the temperature variation and magnetic saturation, a machine learning-based MTPA control using a Petri probabilistic fuzzy neural network with an asymmetric membership function (PPFNN-AMF) was developed. First, the d-axis current command, which can achieve the MTPA control of the IPMSM, is derived. Then, the difference value of the dq-axis inductance of the IPMSM is obtained by the PPFNN-AMF and substituted into the d-axis current command of the MTPA to alleviate the saturation effect in the constant torque region. Moreover, a voltage control loop, which can limit the inverter output voltage to the maximum output voltage of the inverter at high-speed, is designed for the FW control in the constant power region. In addition, an adaptive complementary sliding mode (ACSM) speed controller is developed to improve the transient response of the speed control. Finally, some experimental results are given to demonstrate the validity of the proposed high-performance control strategies.
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Hu, Hongjin, Wentao Liang, Guang-Zhong Cao, Jingbo Wei, and Kun Liu. "Load-Current-Compensation-Based Robust DC-Link Voltage Control for Flywheel Energy Storage Systems." Actuators 14, no. 2 (2025): 83. https://doi.org/10.3390/act14020083.
Full textAbstract:
DC-link voltage control needs to be achieved for flywheel energy storage systems (FESSs) during discharge. However, load disturbances and model nonlinearity affect the voltage control performance. Therefore, this paper proposes a load-current-compensation-based robust DC-link voltage control method for FESSs. In the proposed method, the model is linearized via load current feedforward compensation and dq-axis current-to-DC-current conversion. The uncertainty of the linear model is analyzed and an H∞ robust control method is applied to overcome the uncertainty. Furthermore, experiments involving the proposed method are conducted on a 1.2 kWh magnetic suspended FESS prototype. Compared with the general proportional integral control method, the proposed method can increase the voltage response speed by 37.1% and reduce the voltage fluctuations by 29.5%. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified experimentally.
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Sumega, Martin, Pavol Rafajdus, and Marek Stulrajter. "Current Harmonics Controller for Reduction of Acoustic Noise, Vibrations and Torque Ripple Caused by Cogging Torque in PM Motors under FOC Operation." Energies 13, no. 10 (2020): 2534. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13102534.
Full textAbstract:
This article presents an effective algorithm to reduce acoustic noise, vibrations and torque ripple caused by cogging torque in three-phase Permanent Magnet (PM) motors under Field Oriented Control (FOC) operation. Cogging torque profile is suitably included into q-axis current reference, which must be then precisely tracked in order to mitigate acoustic noise, vibrations, torque ripple and speed ripple caused by cogging torque. Conventional FOC structure has been extended by a Current Harmonics Controller (CHC) to achieve precise control of dq current harmonics for all operation speeds, which is crucial to reduce impact of cogging torque and increase performance of electric drive with PM motor. Effectiveness of proposed control technique is experimentally verified by vibrations and acoustic noise measurements.
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Nie, Haowei, Jiaqiang Yang, and Rongfeng Deng. "A Fast Response Robust Deadbeat Predictive Current Control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor." Energies 14, no. 22 (2021): 7563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14227563.
Full textAbstract:
Deadbeat predictive current control (DBPCC) has the characteristic of fast current response, but it is sensitive to motor parameters. Observer-based DBPCC can eliminate the steady state current tracking error when parameter mismatch exists. However, the actual current will deviate from the reference current during transient state in the case of inductance mismatch. In this paper, a fast response robust deadbeat predictive current control (FRRDBPCC) method is proposed for surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM). Firstly, the current tracking error caused by inductance mismatch during transient state is analyzed in detail. Then, an extended state observer (ESO) is proposed to estimate the lumped disturbance caused by parameter mismatch. Based on discrete time ESO, the predicted currents are used to replace the sampled currents to compensate for one-step delay caused by calculation and sampling. Furthermore, an online inductance identification algorithm and a modified prediction model are proposed. The dq-axis currents can be completely decoupled by updating the inductance in the modified prediction model online, ensuring that the current can track the reference value in two control periods. The proposed method improves robustness against parameter mismatch and guarantees dynamic response performance simultaneously. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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Tang, Peng, Yuehong Dai, and Zhaoyang Li. "Unified Predictive Current Control of PMSMs with Parameter Uncertainty." Electronics 8, no. 12 (2019): 1534. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8121534.
Full textAbstract:
Predictive current control (PCC) applied on permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) has been developed into mainly three methods: the conventional finite-control-set PCC, the double voltage vectors PCC, and deadbeat PCC. However, each approach has its particular calculation way for voltage vectors selection and respective execution duration. This paper, based on the deadbeat idea, presents a unified predictive current control scheme of PMSMs. Under this scheme, the prior three classes are able to be clearly unified into one frame with lower calculation effort. Furthermore, to cope with problem of parameter mismatch in dq-axis current predictive model, a integrated identification method is proposed. Firstly, data selectors are designed to reject abnormal data of sampling signals, and then the interval-varying multi-innovation least squares algorithm is combined with forgetting factor (V-FF-MILS) to approximate the error terms caused by electromagnetic parameters error. The estimated results are online fed to the model of PMSM to enhance its accuracy. Finally, the processor in loop (PIL) simulation results verify that the proposed integrated scheme has advantages in current control of PMSMs with large-scale parameter uncertainty.
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Uddin, Zeb, Adil Khan, et al. "Control of Output and Circulating Current of Modular Multilevel Converter Using a Sliding Mode Approach." Energies 12, no. 21 (2019): 4084. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12214084.
Full textAbstract:
The modular multilevel converter (MMC) has been prominently used in medium- and high-power applications. This paper presents the control of output and circulating current of MMC using sliding mode control (SMC). The design of the proposed controller and the relation between control parameters and validity condition are based on the system dynamics. The proposed designed controller enables the system to track its reference values. The controller is designed to control both output current and circulating current along with suppression of second harmonics contents in circulating current. Furthermore, the capacitor voltage and energy of the converter are also regulated. The control of output current is carried out in dq-axis as well as in αβ-axis with first-order switching law. However, a second-order switching law-based super twisting algorithm is used for controlling circulating current and suppression of its second harmonics contents. The stability of the controlled system is numerically calculated and verified by Lyapunov stability conditions. Moreover, the simulation results of the proposed controller are critically compared with the conventional proportional resonant (PR) controller to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. The proposed controller attains faster dynamic response and minimizes steady-state error comparatively. The simulation of the MMC model is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink
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Choi, Jongwon. "Regression Model-Based Flux Observer for IPMSM Sensorless Control with Wide Speed Range." Energies 14, no. 19 (2021): 6249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14196249.
Full textAbstract:
A new linear regression form is derived for a flux observer and a position observer is designed. In general, the observability of the permanent-magnet synchronous motor is lost at zero speed. In this work, the proposed regressor vector contains current derivative terms in both directions (dq-axis), and it gives the chance for the model-based flux observer to operate at zero speed. When an excitation signal is injected into d and q axes with the proposed flux observer, it helps to satisfy the persistent excitation condition in the low-speed range. Therefore, the sensorless performance of the model-based is improved greatly, even at zero speed. However, it appears with a disturbance term, which depends on the derivative of the d-axis current. Thus, the disturbance does not vanish when an excitation signal is injected. In this work, the disturbance term is also taken care of in constructing an observer. It results in an observer which allows signal injection. Thus, high frequency signal can be injected in the low speed region and turned off when it is unnecessary as the speed increases. This model-based approach utilizes the signal injection directly without recurring to a separate high frequency model. In other words, it provides a seamless transition without switching to the other algorithm. The validity is demonstrated by simulation and experimental results under various load conditions near zero speed.
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Lin, Faa-Jeng, Su-Ying Lu, Jo-Yu Chao, and Jin-Kuan Chang. "Intelligent PV Power Smoothing Control Using Probabilistic Fuzzy Neural Network with Asymmetric Membership Function." International Journal of Photoenergy 2017 (2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8387909.
Full textAbstract:
An intelligent PV power smoothing control using probabilistic fuzzy neural network with asymmetric membership function (PFNN-AMF) is proposed in this study. First, a photovoltaic (PV) power plant with a battery energy storage system (BESS) is introduced. The BESS consisted of a bidirectional DC/AC 3-phase inverter and LiFePO4 batteries. Then, the difference of the actual PV power and smoothed power is supplied by the BESS. Moreover, the network structure of the PFNN-AMF and its online learning algorithms are described in detail. Furthermore, the three-phase output currents of the PV power plant are converted to the dq-axis current components. The resulted q-axis current is the input of the PFNN-AMF power smoothing control, and the output is a smoothing PV power curve to achieve the effect of PV power smoothing. Comparing to the other smoothing methods, a minimum energy capacity of the BESS with a small fluctuation of the grid power can be achieved by the PV power smoothing control using PFNN-AMF. In addition, a personal computer- (PC-) based PV power plant emulator and BESS are built for the experimentation. From the experimental results of various irradiance variation conditions, the effectiveness of the proposed intelligent PV power smoothing control can be verified.
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Liu, Chongru, Jiahui Xi, Qi Hao, et al. "Grid-Forming Converter Overcurrent Limiting Strategy Based on Additional Current Loop." Electronics 12, no. 5 (2023): 1112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12051112.
Full textAbstract:
Compared with current source converters, voltage source converters (grid-forming converters) have better frequency support capabilities, voltage support capabilities, and regulation performance, thus they have broad application prospects. However, the grid-forming (GFM) converter has insufficient current control ability, and it easily causes problems such as overcurrent issues when a fault occurs. Thus, this insufficiency is one of the most important challenges the GFM converter is faced with. Aiming to solve the problems mentioned above, this paper proposes a control method of a GFM converter achieved with a low-pass filter structure and an additional current loop. The additional current loop controls the dq-axis current components by acting on the outer loop to generate appropriate phase and voltage amplitude reference. The low-pass filter structure is used to solve the system frequency stability problem caused by the inclusion of the additional current loop. On the premise of ensuring that the system frequency meets the grid-connection requirements, the proposed strategy rapidly limits the output current within the allowable range and guarantees expected voltage source characteristics of the converter during the fault period. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed control strategy are verified by MATLAB/Simulink simulations.
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Shi, Rui, Tai Li, and Ling Kai Kong. "The Vector Control of PMSM Based on the Inverse System Theory." Applied Mechanics and Materials 494-495 (February 2014): 1587–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.494-495.1587.
Full textAbstract:
Against the existing poor dynamic performance, difficult to adjusting parameters of the controllers issue in PMSMs vector control system, based on the PMSM's dq rotating coordinate model, an inverse system model of PMSM is deduced. And a pseudo linear system realizing the decoupling of the d-axis current and mechanical velocity is constructed. By synthesizing the pseudo linear system, a sliding mode variable structure controller is proposed. In order to estimate rotor's position and speed, a reduced order observer for back electromotive force is proposed. At last some simulations are proceeded to verify the proposed system's performance. The simulation results show that the control strategy mentioned in this paper has good dynamics, steady state performance. Rotors position and speed can be accurately estimated by the proposed method.
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Chen, Li, Qiu, and Liu. "Control Strategy of Three-Phase Inverter with Isolation Transformer." Energies 12, no. 20 (2019): 4005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12204005.
Full textAbstract:
In order to improve the control performance of a train auxiliary inverter and satisfy the requirements of power quality, harmonics, and unbalanced factor, this paper proposed a design method of a double closed-loop control system based on a complex state variable structure. The method simplifies the design process and takes full account of the effects of coupling and discretization. In the current closed-loop process, this paper analyzed the limitations of the proportional integral (PI) controller and simplified to P controller. In the voltage closed-loop, the paper employed the PI controller plus the resonant controller, designed the parameters of the PI controller. and analyzed the optimal discretization method of the resonant controller under dq axis coupling. Finally, experiments and simulations were conducted to show that the proposed method can achieve the above improvements.
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Benaissa, Rabie, Smail Mansouri, and Omar Oueled Ali. "The improvement of field-oriented control performance for double stator IPMSM based on NFC powered by dual photovoltaic solar panels." STUDIES IN ENGINEERING AND EXACT SCIENCES 5, no. 2 (2024): e6016. http://dx.doi.org/10.54021/seesv5n2-048.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a proposed method Neuro Fuzzy Control (NFC)-Field Oriente Control (FOC)-Space Vector Modulation (SVM) using IP controller for a five-level NPC inverter-Double Stator Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (DSIPMSM) supplied by two photovoltaic solar panels Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control (FSMC). The torque generated and the magnetic flux of the DSIPMSM may be independently controlled thanks to FOC, while IP controllers are used to minimize dq axis current errors to zero. A boost converter is made up of an inductor, a capacitor, and a separate input-output connection. A MPPT approach based on the FSMC algorithm is used to extract the maximum amount of energy from the solar panel while controlling the inverter duty cycle. The NFC tool is an extremely potent instrument that bridges the gaps created by the fuzzy logic controller. The proposed method’s worth was demonstrated by the simulation results in terms of durability, decoupling between the d-q axis, and dynamic performance.
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Srikanth, Mandarapu, Yellapragada Venkata Pavan Kumar, Challa Pradeep Reddy, and Rammohan Mallipeddi. "Multivariable Control-Based dq Decoupling in Voltage and Current Control Loops for Enhanced Transient Response and Power Delivery in Microgrids." Energies 17, no. 15 (2024): 3689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17153689.
Full textAbstract:
Being multivariable in nature, voltage and current control loops have controllers in the forward and cross-coupling paths. Most methods discussed in the literature focus on tuning the controllers in the forward paths to reduce the dq coupling. A modified pole-zero cancellation (MPZC) technique has recently been discussed, which uses the concepts of pole-zero cancellation and particle swarm optimization to effectively tune the forward path controllers. However, given the fixed gains in the cross-coupling paths, it is not possible to realize a superior transient response from this technique. Therefore, to achieve enhanced vector control of VSIs under transient conditions, this paper proposes a hybrid MPZC (HMPZC) method, which incorporates multivariable control along with the MPZC technique for both voltage/current control loops. In the proposed HMPZC method, the MPZC method is used to tune the forward path controllers, and multivariable control-based PI controllers are assigned in the cross-coupling paths of dq-axes loops rather than fixed gains. In this paper, these multivariable control-based PI controllers are designed using direct synthesis method-based internal model control (IMC). From the simulation results, it is verified that the proposed HMPZC method has reduced the coupling between the d- and q-axes loops of the current/voltage, leading to the improved transient response and power delivery capability of VSIs.
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Ashabani, Mahdi, Yasser A. R. I. Mohamed, Mojtaba Mirsalim, and Mohammad Aghashabani. "Multivariable Droop Control of Synchronous Current Converters in Weak Grids/Microgrids With Decoupled dq-Axes Currents." IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid 6, no. 4 (2015): 1610–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2015.2392373.
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Sirisha, Bogimi, and Saieni Akhilesh. "High efficient and high gain boost converter with soft switching capability connected to grid using dq axis current control." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11, no. 2 (2022): 624–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i2.3358.
Full textAbstract:
Renewable sources like solar PV arrays are generally operated at low voltages due to safety issues. For applications such as grid connected systems, it requires boosting to high voltage which leads to reduction in efficiency. To solve this, a new high gain and efficient boost converter which is a combination of buffer capacitor, passive clamp recovery circuit to restore leakage energy in coupled inductor is presented. The magnetic field of the linked inductor stores the energy obtained from the supply. A passive clamp network recovers the energy that is stored in the leakage inductance, enhances the gain of voltage and improves overall system efficiency. High duty ratios are not essential to achieve higher voltage gain, hence the reverse recovery problem of diode is prevented. Moreover, passive clamp network decreases the voltage stress of switch, thus a minimum rating switch be used, as a result, the system's total efficiency improves. This converter output is fed as input to a single phase full bridge inverter and also synchronized to a single phase grid by using d-q axis current controller. The performance and powers injected are analyzed by connecting a resistive load.
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Bogimi, Sirisha, and Akhilesh Saieni. "High efficient and high gain boost converter with soft switching capability connected to grid using dq axis current control." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11, no. 2 (2022): 624–35. https://doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i2.3358.
Full textAbstract:
Renewable sources like solar PV arrays are generally operated at low voltages due to safety issues. For applications such as grid connected systems, it requires boosting to high voltage which leads to reduction in efficiency. To solve this, a new high gain and efficient boost converter which is a combination of buffer capacitor, passive clamp recovery circuit to restore leakage energy in coupled inductor is presented. The magnetic field of the linked inductor stores the energy obtained from the supply. A passive clamp network recovers the energy that is stored in the leakage inductance, enhances the gain of voltage and improves overall system efficiency. High duty ratios are not essential to achieve higher voltage gain, hence the reverse recovery problem of diode is prevented. Moreover, passive clamp network decreases the voltage stress of switch, thus a minimum rating switch be used, as a result, the system's total efficiency improves. This converter output is fed as input to a single phase full bridge inverter and also synchronized to a single phase grid by using d-q axis current controller. The performance and powers injected are analyzed by connecting a resistive load.
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Zhang, Shukuan, Yunxiang Nan, Yusen Zhang, Chuan Xiang, and Mai The Vu. "Model Predictive Control of Counter-Rotating Motors for Underwater Vehicles Considering Unbalanced Load Variation." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 2 (2024): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12020330.
Full textAbstract:
The propulsion system for underwater vehicles, driven by a counter-rotating permanent magnet synchronous motor (CRPMSM), can enhance the operational stability and efficiency of the vehicle. Due to the influence of complex underwater flows, the load imbalance of CRPMSM’s dual counter-rotating rotors may lead to severe issues of dual-rotor desynchronization rotation. Combining traditional vector control (VC) with master-slave control strategies can address the desynchronization problem when CRPMSM’s load changes. However, it results in significant speed fluctuations and a long transition time during the transition from load disturbance to synchronous rotation. This paper introduces a model predictive control (MPC) strategy to effectively resolve this issue. The incremental MPC model is established based on the mathematical model of CRPMSM in the dq coordinate system. The predictive control system forecasts the d- and q-axis components of stator currents for the next four control cycles. It selects the optimal control increments to minimize the cost function based on current predictions and different inverter voltage states. The obtained optimal d- and q-axis components of stator voltage are used to control CRPMSM under unbalanced load disturbances. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared to the VC strategy, CRPMSM utilizing the MPC strategy exhibits better dynamic performance with faster speed response and reduced torque fluctuations during load and speed variations.
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Dilys, Justas, and Voitech Stankevic. "A Simple Method for Stator Inductance and Resistance Estimation for PMSM at Standstill." International Journal of Robotics and Control Systems 2, no. 3 (2022): 477–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31763/ijrcs.v2i3.741.
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An accurate stator resistance and inductance are necessary for high-performance permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) control. The stator resistance and inductance can be estimated during motor standstill operation. This study proposes a standstill estimation method for the determination of dq-axis inductances and resistance of a PMSM drive system fed by a conventional voltage source inverter (VSI). The proposed method estimates both inductance and the rotor's position using the same algorithm, and knowledge of its initial position is not required. The d- and q-axis inductances were estimated by applying three short-time voltage pulses and measuring phase current peak values. The stator's resistance is estimated by monitoring the exponential decay process of the direct axis current. The method was verified by simulation and experiments conducted on two different PM synchronous motors. A good agreement of simulation and experimental results was obtained. Moreover, the proposed method is relatively simple and can identify stator resistance and inductance at any motor load condition. Compared to the existing parameter estimation strategies, the proposed estimation scheme has a relatively faster estimation time. Additionally, it is shown that the method accounts for the dead-time effect as well.
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Yang, Qian, Nan Nan Zhao, and Ming Hui Zhang. "Study on PMSM Integral Backstepping Controller Based on RBF Neural Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 599–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.599.
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In order to eliminate steady-state speed error of PMSM backstepping control system, an integral backstepping speed control algorithm is designed in this paper. By adding speed error integral factor in the speed Lyapunov function, the speed error can finally converge to zero when PMSM operates in steady-state. On this basis, an integral backstepping speed control algorithm based on RBF neural network compensation is proposed for PMSM backstepping control system used for high-altitude electric propulsion system which is vulnerable to load torque variables. The integral backstepping speed controller based on PMSM reference model can ensure global asymptotic convergence of the whole control system. In order to achieve fast robust adaptive control, the RBF neural network is adapted to online compensate dq axis current error produced by the reference speed and load torque changes. Simulink simulation results verify the feasibility of the given algorithm.
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Jiang, Kezheng, Xiaotong Ji, Dan Liu, Wanning Zheng, Lixing Tian, and Shiwei Chen. "Small-Signal Modeling of Grid-Forming Wind Turbines in Active Power and DC Voltage Control Timescale." Electronics 13, no. 23 (2024): 4728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13234728.
Full textAbstract:
Grid-forming wind turbines (GFM-WTs) based on virtual synchronous control can support the voltage and frequency of power system by emulating the synchronous generator. The dynamic characteristics of a GFM-WT decided by virtual synchronous control, dq-axis voltage, and current control is significant for small-signal stability analysis. This paper builds a small-signal model of a GFM-WT in active power control (APC) and DC voltage control (DVC) timescale from the perspective of internal voltage. The proposed model describes how the magnitude and phase of the internal voltage are excited by the unbalanced active and reactive power when small disturbances occur. Interactions in different control loops can be identified by the reduced order model. We verify the accuracy of the proposed model in APC and DVC timescales by time domain simulations based on MATLAB/Simulink. Case studies show how the control parameters interact with each other in the two timescales.