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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Dracunculus Nematode

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Academic literature on the topic 'Dracunculus Nematode'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Dracunculus Nematode"

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Diekmann, Irina, Alaa Aldin Alnassan, Majda Globokar, Nikola Pantchev, Lina Kurzrock, Leticia Hernandez, Javier Lopez, et al. "Canine Dracunculus Nematode Infection, Toledo, Spain." Emerging Infectious Diseases 26, no. 8 (August 2020): 1860–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2608.201661.

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Foster, Jeremy M., Frédéric Landmann, Louise Ford, Kelly L. Johnston, Sarah C. Elsasser, Albrecht I. Schulte-Hostedde, Mark J. Taylor, and Barton E. Slatko. "Absence of Wolbachia endobacteria in the human parasitic nematode Dracunculus medinensis and two related Dracunculus species infecting wildlife." Parasites & Vectors 7, no. 1 (2014): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-7-140.

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Jones, Hugh I. "Nematodes from the water dragon, Physignathus lesueurii (Reptilia:Agamidae) in Australia, with a description of Spinicauda fluviatica, sp. nov. (Nematoda:Heterakoidea)." Australian Journal of Zoology 55, no. 3 (2007): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo06079.

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Abbreviata physignathi and Spinicauda fluviatica, sp. nov., were the predominant species of nematode recovered from the gastrointestinal tracts of 65 Physignathus lesueurii examined from eastern Australia. S. fluviatica, sp. nov., is distinguished from other known species by the large well sclerotised excretory sinuses in both sexes and by the relative lengths of the spicules and gubernaculum in males. This is the first species of Spinicauda to be described from an agamid lizard. Both these nematode species occur mainly or entirely in New South Wales within 100 km of the coast; P. lesueurii is the only known host of both species. The persistence of generalised apical dentition in A. physignathi and its high host-specificity suggests a long association with this lizard, which diverged early from the main agamid stock. The significant association of these two unrelated nematode species is attributed to the high density of P. lesueurii hosts along suitable rivers. Other nematode species identified in low numbers in one or two hosts only were Abbreviata antarctica, A. confusa, Maxvachonia brygooi and immature Dracunculus sp. in the gastrointestinal tract, encysted subserosal physalopterid larvae on two stomachs, and Oswaldofilaria samfordensis in the body cavity.

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Coker, Sarah M., Erin K. Box, Natalie Stilwell, Elizabeth A. Thiele, James A. Cotton, Ellen Haynes, Michael J. Yabsley, and Christopher A. Cleveland. "Development and validation of a quantitative PCR for the detection of Guinea worm (Dracunculus medinensis)." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, no. 10 (October 7, 2022): e0010830. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010830.

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Dracunculus medinensis (Guinea worm) is a parasitic nematode that can cause the debilitating disease dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease) in humans. The global Guinea Worm Eradication Program has led intervention and eradication efforts since the 1980s, and Guinea worm infections in people have decreased >99.99%. With the final goal of eradication drawing nearer, reports of animal infections from some remaining endemic countries pose unique challenges. Currently, confirmation of suspected Guinea worm infection relies on conventional molecular techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which is not specific to Guinea worm and, therefore, requires sequencing of the PCR products to confirm the identity of suspect samples, a process that often takes a few weeks. To decrease the time required for species confirmation, we developed a quantitative PCR assay targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) gene of Guinea worm. Our assay has a limit of detection of 10 copies per reaction. The mean analytical parameters (± SE) were as follows: efficiency = 93.4 ± 7.7%, y-intercept = 40.93 ± 1.11, slope = -3.4896 ± 0.12, and the R2 = 0.999 ± 0.004. The assay did not amplify other nematodes found in Guinea worm-endemic regions and demonstrated 100% diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Implementation of this quantitative PCR assay for Guinea worm identification could eliminate the need for DNA sequencing to confirm species. Thus, this approach can be implemented to provide more rapid confirmation of Guinea worm infections, leading to faster execution of Guinea worm interventions while increasing our understanding of infection patterns.

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Cairncross, Sandy, Ralph Muller, and Nevio Zagaria. "Dracunculiasis (Guinea Worm Disease) and the Eradication Initiative." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 15, no. 2 (April 2002): 223–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.15.2.223-246.2002.

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SUMMARY Dracunculiasis, also known as guinea worm disease, is caused by the large female of the nematode Dracunculus medinensis, which emerges painfully and slowly from the skin, usually on the lower limbs. The disease can infect animals, and sustainable animal cycles occur in North America and Central Asia but do not act as reservoirs of human infection. The disease is endemic across the Sahel belt of Africa from Mauritania to Ethiopia, having been eliminated from Asia and some African countries. It has a significant socioeconomic impact because of the temporary disability that it causes. Dracunculiasis is exclusively caught from drinking water, usually from ponds. A campaign to eradicate the disease was launched in the 1980s and has made significant progress. The strategy of the campaign is discussed, including water supply, health education, case management, and vector control. Current issues including the integration of the campaign into primary health care and the mapping of cases by using geographic information systems are also considered. Finally, some lessons for other disease control and eradication programs are outlined.

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6

Noonan, Jennifer D., and Robin N. Beech. "Reconstitution of an N-AChR from Brugia malayi an evolved change in acetylcholine receptor accessory protein requirements in filarial parasites." PLOS Pathogens 18, no. 11 (November 14, 2022): e1010962. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010962.

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Neurotransmission is an important target for anthelmintic drugs, where receptor characteristics and response can be examined through reconstitution ex vivo in Xenopus laevis oocytes. The homomeric ACR-16 nicotine sensitive acetylcholine receptors (N-AChRs) of several helminth species have been characterized in this way. Our efforts to reconstitute the N-AChR from the clade III filarial parasite, Brugia malayi using similar conditions, initially produced no detectable response. A robust response to acetylcholine is obtained from the closely related clade III parasite Ascaris suum, suggesting that specific changes have occurred between Ascaris and Brugia. N-AChRs from three species intermediate between A. suum and B. malayi were characterized to provide information on the cause. Maximal response to acetylcholine did not change abruptly, consistent with a discrete event, but rather decreased progressively from A. suum through Dracunculus medinensis, Gonglylonema pulchrum and Thelazia callipaeda. Receptor responses to the characteristic nicotine, and other agonists were generally similar. The decrease in maximal current did correlate with a delayed time to reach larger response. Together, this suggested that the failure to reconstitute the B. malayi N-AChR was one extreme of a progressive decrease and that an issue with synthesis of the receptor in oocytes was responsible. Addition of accessory proteins EMC-6, NRA-2 and NRA-4, in addition to RIC-3, produced a small, but measurable B. malayi N-AChR response. Pharmacological properties of a chimeric B. malayi N-AChR were equivalent to the other species, confirming the receptor response remains unchanged while its production is increasingly dependent on accessory proteins. One possibility is that loss of many subunits for acetylcholine receptors from the filarial nematode genome is linked to new subunit combinations that lead to such a dependence. This novel phylogenetic approach allowed the first characterization of a B. malayi AChR ex vivo and in doing so, provides a framework for the successful characterization of other receptors that have yet to be reconstituted.

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7

Moravec, F., and D. Gibson. "The first record of Dracunculus mulbus (Nematoda: Dracunculidae) in the Papuan olive python Apodora papuana (Ophidia: Boidae)." Helminthologia 44, no. 3 (September 1, 2007): 118–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11687-007-0017-5.

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AbstractA male specimen of Dracunculus (Nematoda: Dracunculidae), collected in 1973 from the lung of the Papuan olive python Apodora papuana (Peters et Doria) and now deposited in the helminthological collection of the Natural History Museum in London, is identified as Dracunculus mulbus Jones et Mulder, 2007, a species recently described from the water python Liasis fuscus Peters in northern Australia. Apodora papuana is a new host record for D. mulbus and Papua New Guinea is apparently a new geographical record.

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Barding, Erin E., and Michael J. Lacki. "Occurrence of Nematodes (Dracunculus spp.) in Reintroduced River Otters in Kentucky." Journal of the Kentucky Academy of Science 75, no. 1-2 (September 2014): 94–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3101/kyac-75-01-94-96.1.

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9

Quirino, T. F., A. J. M. G. Ferreira, M. C. Silva, R. J. Silva, D. H. Morais, and R. W. Ávila. "New records of Helminths in Reptiles from five states of Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Biology 78, no. 4 (February 22, 2018): 750–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.175745.

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Abstract Forty five specimens representing nine species of reptile (Salvator merianae, Enyalius bilineatus, Amphisbaena alba, Xenopholis undulatus, Chironius fuscus, Helicops angulatus, Chironius flavolineatus, Erythrolamprus viridis and Crotalus durissus) collected in five Brazilian states were examined for helminths. Twelve helminth species were found as follow: nine Nematoda (Physaloptera tupinambae, Strongyluris oscari, Paracapillaria sp., Dracunculus brasiliensis, Physaloptera liophis, Serpentirhabias sp. 1, Serpentirhabias sp. 2, Serpentirhabias sp. 3 and Aplectana sp.), one Cestoda (Semenoviella amphisbaenia), one Trematoda (Paracotyletrema sp.), and one Acantocephala (Centrorhynchus sp.). Ten new host records and seven new locality records were reported.

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Wijová, Martina, František Moravec, Aleš Horák, David Modrý, and Julius Lukeš. "Phylogenetic position of Dracunculus medinensis and some related nematodes inferred from 18S rRNA." Parasitology Research 96, no. 2 (April 6, 2005): 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-005-1330-x.

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Books on the topic "Dracunculus Nematode"

1

Tuttle, Heather. Geographic distribution, prevalence and intensity of guinea worm (Dracunculus insignis; Nematoda) infections in fisher (Martes Pennanti) of Central Ontario. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, 2003.

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2

Matthews, Philippa C. Nematodes (roundworms). Edited by Philippa C. Matthews. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198737773.003.0014.

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This chapter consists of short notes, diagrams, maps, and tables to summarize human nematode (‘roundworm’) infections, starting with a classification of relevant organisms. The chapter then goes on to cover Ascaris, Trichinella, Enterobius (‘pin worm’), Trichuris (‘whip worm’), Necator and Ancylostoma (‘hook worms’), and Strongyloides (‘thread worm’). The chapter concludes with a section dedicated to filarial infection, including lymphatic filariasis, Loa Loa (‘eye worm’), Onchocerca volvulus (‘river blindness’), and Dracunculus (‘Guinea worm’). For ease of reference, each topic is broken down into sections, including classification, epidemiology, microbiology, pathophysiology, clinical syndromes, diagnosis, treatment and prevention.

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Book chapters on the topic "Dracunculus Nematode"

1

Knight, Richard. "Guinea worm disease (dracunculiasis)." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, 1160–62. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.070903_update_001.

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Guinea-worm disease (dracunculiasis)—now limited to sub-Saharan Africa—is caused by the nematode Dracunculus medinensis, whose life cycle involves water-borne copepod crustaceans and humans, who acquire the infection when they drink water containing infective larvae. Clinical presentation is usually with a skin blister, most often on the leg, sometimes preceded by allergic prodromal symptoms. Bacterial infection is a common complication. Most patients in endemic areas recognize their condition, but irrigation of ulcers can reveal larvae. Treatment is by physical removal of the worm; anthelmintics have no role in management. Provision of safe water for drinking is the key to prevention....

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2

Knight, Richard. "Guinea worm disease (dracunculiasis)." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, edited by Christopher P. Conlon, 1495–500. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0175.

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Guinea worm disease (dracunculiasis)—now limited to sub-Saharan Africa—is caused by the nematode Dracunculus medinensis, whose life cycle involves aquatic copepod crustaceans. Humans are infected when they drink water containing infective larvae. Adult worms enter subcutaneous tissue and can reach a metre in length. Clinical presentation is usually with a skin blister, most often on the leg, sometimes preceded by allergic prodromal symptoms. Bacterial infection and local scarring with disability are common complications. Most patients in endemic areas recognize their condition, but irrigation of ulcers can reveal larvae. Treatment is by physical removal of the worm; anthelmintics have no role in management. Provision of safe water for drinking is the key to prevention. The disease is now nearing eradication.

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