Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Draft National Family Policy'

Worldwide, changes in the family have become more evident. Many of the traditional roles that families used to play are now performed by other institutions, such as schools, churches, a variety of welfare agencies and non-governmental organizations. Families in South Africa are no exception, as many South African families are faced with challenges that have a negative impact on their ability to sustain themselves and their members. The previous Minister of Social Development, Doctor Zola Skweyiya, rightly acknowledged that, in order to address the needs of vulnerable groups in our communities effectively, we need a particular focus on the role of the family, both as a developmental and as a supporting institution. In responding to these challenges, the Department of Social Development developed a new Manual on Family Preservation Services (Department of Social Development, 2008b), with the aim of training social service professionals to deliver family preservation services. In order for the programme envisaged by the developers of the Manual to be implemented efficiently, the Norms and Standards Policy on Developmental Social Welfare Services (Department of Social Development, 2007a:52-57) mandates the roll-out of the training and education by all provinces. Thus all social service professionals are mandated to implement family preservation services as stipulated by the Norms and Standards Policy on Developmental Social Welfare Services (Department of Social Development, 2007a) and the Draft National Family Policy (Department of Social Development, 2008a). In her role as one of the trainers on family preservation services who was also responsible for monitoring and evaluating these services in the provinces, the researcher observed the inadequacy and inconsistency of the concept of family preservation services in reporting among social service professionals despite the training and capacity-building carried out by the Department of Social Development. The researcher therefore investigated, first, whether the formulation of the Manual on Family Preservation Services lacks clarity relating to the theoretical framework and operational definition of key concepts which are supposed to assist social service professionals in rendering effective family preservation services. Second, she interviewed 20 social workers regarding their experiences on the formulation and implementation of the Manual. This is a small sample in terms of representing social workers in the country. In total, 37 social workers were originally interviewed, but, because it transpired that they had never attended any training on the Manual for Family Preservation Services, their data were excluded from the empirical study, even though they are implementing these services. The researcher was therefore interested in analysing the formulation of the Manual on Family Preservation Services and also analysed the experiences of social workers regarding the formulation and implementation of the Manual, with the aim of identifying gaps and improving service delivery to families. The researcher reviewed prior literature on systems theory, which is fundamental in addressing family dynamics, the family life cycle and its stages. She also considered literature on family preservation services on four levels of service delivery, the stages of the policy cycle and the overview of the Draft National Family Policy, as well as the Manual of Family Preservation Services. In this study, the researcher adopted an explanatory design, which is a form of mixed methods research. The overall purpose of an explanatory design is to gather qualitative data that help to explain or build upon initial quantitative results from the first phase of the study. In order to collect quantitative data, the researcher used a checklist for a content analysis of the formulation of the Manual on Family Preservation Services. She then conducted semi-structured interviews to collect qualitative data about social workers’ experiences regarding the formulation and implementation of the Manual on Family Preservation Services in eight provinces. The researcher did a pilot test of the semi-structured interview schedule, which helped her to refine two questions that were understood differently by the two social workers who participated in the pilot test. After latent coding, the quantitative data were analysed manually, while the qualitative data were coded according to Creswell’s model for qualitative data analysis. The quantitative empirical results revealed some limitations in the formulation of the Manual on Family Preservation Services. Such limitations include an unclear definition of the concept of family preservation services, the omission of objectives from the Manual, confusion with regard to the theoretical frameworks applied, a lack of clarity on the role of volunteers, the process of providing training and capacity-building to social service professionals, monitoring and evaluation plan. These findings were confirmed by the social workers who were interviewed. They exposed the confusion that exists on the definition of family preservation services, the objectives, the theoretical frameworks, the role of volunteers, high case-loads, which they linked to a shortage of social workers and the fact that resources, training and capacity-building on family preservation services are not prioritized. It was therefore recommended that the issues highlighted above be addressed and be included in a revised Manual, and that relevant material also be provided to social service professionals who need to implement family preservation services.
Thesis (DPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
tm2015
Social Work and Criminology
DPhil
Unrestricted

Caregivers of family elders have diverse needs, many of which are not being met sufficiently. The purpose of this study was to analyze the congruency between family policy and the needs of family caregivers. Based on the rational policy model, a normative policy analysis of the economics of family caregiving, both its costs and benefits to individual families, corporations, and to society, was provided. A dynamic theoretical framework incorporating the social ecological perspective, role theory, and life course approach, was used to critique the effectiveness of Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) of 1993 (P.L. 103-3) and the National Family Caregiver Support Program (NFCSP) of 2000 (Title III-E and Title VI-C). Combined, FMLA and NFCSP are effective in meeting the wide range of informal caregivers' financial, training, and support needs. The workplace-related policies of FMLA speak more to the financial assistance - albeit minimal - and work environment-structural components of caregiver support, while NFCSP pertains more to the training and supportive aspects of family caregiving support. However, workplace policies in support of family caregivers should be more individualized and current caregiver support programs should be expanded to align more closely with the needs of employees and citizens.
Master of Science

This research explores the life experiences of families and couples who lived through the Wangary fire (South Australia, January 2005). Examining the bushfire experience from a domestic perspective is long overdue. Open-ended interviews were conducted with thirty-eight couples and families across the fire-affected region on the Lower Eyre Peninsula. A shortlist of fourteen were analysed in detail and they form the foundation of this thesis. These bushfire narratives include the perspectives of farming and non-farming families and cover a wide spectrum of circumstances and demographics. Five of the fourteen families lost their homes in the Wangary fire. Critical decision-making and the presence of children is at the heart of this case study. How the presence of babies and young children influences family decision-making, in advance of or during a bushfire, has not been considered or studied in any detail within the Australian research landscape. Exploring the differences of experience between women with young families and older women confirms the primary weakness of the national bushfire safety ('stay or go') policy. Gender and generation were the two defining factors that informed how people responded to and recovered from the Wangary fire. The perspective of younger people, within the context of bushfire research, has been neglected in the past; this case study incorporates their views and thoughts. It is hoped that insights gleaned from these bushfire narratives will encourage the enhancement of the national 'stay or go' policy.

After the Vietnam War, increased defense funds assigned to the Army National Guard stimulated and supported small communities in Louisiana. Recruits from economically depressed regions lined up to join the Guard because of the competitive pay and the generous education benefits it offered. In the mid-1980s, when a state budgetary shortfall threatened to limit the stream of federal funds and close local armories, communities in Louisiana rallied to keep the doors of their armories open. This paper examines how the readiness efforts of the Louisiana Army National Guard affected the economies of small communities as defense dollars increased following the shift from a draft army to an all-volunteer force and the implementation of Total Force Policy.

Rural society during the German National Socialist movement has been overlooked by most historians. Instead the urban elements are stressed. I have chosen to study the impact of National Socialism upon peasant families.Three major limitations exist for this project. First, only the peasant family itself is reviewed. Second, this project is concerned only with the years from 1925 through 1339. Third, this project limits its review to only that territory comprising Germany after World War I. This was done to allow for a more equal comparison of agricultural statistics.The construction of this project remains simple. Three major chapters exist. Chapter One reviews the Republic: its politics, economy, and the problems of the peasant family. The remaining chapters then review these problems as they were resolved by the National Socialists. Chapter Two reviews the family itself: family size, health, inheritance, and social status. Chapter Three reviews farm-management: production, mechanization, labor, and prosperity. Both chapters are divided into two parts: part one reviews the new policies; part two reviews the impact.The findings of this project were different than expected. I had expected to find minimum improvement in the condition of peasant families. Instead, I discovered that, in general, these policies failed in their objectives. The reasons for these failures differed. But much of the blame rests in faults of the laws themselves. Final results, however, were mixed. Farm-management improved slightly, but the family itself witnessed reduced health. The average family was not destitute, but neither did it prosper.
Department of History

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the dynamics of family support and public pension systems, and their impact on late-life happiness in contemporary South Korea. For this, three specific research questions, namely (1) the dynamics of intergenerational solidarity, public pension systems, and happiness; (2) the association between intergenerational solidarity and happiness; and (3) the association between public pension systems and happiness, are analysed by exploiting the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing. The analyses show that (1) the structural solidarity of older people is relatively stronger than of middle-aged people; (2) contacting is the key player in associational solidarity in later life; (3) middle-aged people supply more financial aid to their adult children than they receive from them, but the reverse applies to older people. Both middle-aged and older people actively exchange food, household items, and health-care supplies; (4) more older men receive the National Pension Scheme benefit than older women but the reverse is true for the Basic Old-Age Pension benefit; (5) the level of happiness in later life is very high but decreases as people age; (6) the number of adult children, frequency of contact, and amount of financial support are positively associated with the happiness of older people; and (7) the National Pension Scheme is positively associated with the happiness of older men while the Basic Old-Age Pension is negatively associated with the happiness of older people. The results suggest some policy implications for late-life happiness in contemporary South Korea. At the individual level, increased frequency of contact, availability of the children, and the amount of financial support can enhance late-life happiness. At the governmental level, the research suggests that the gendered structure of the National Pension Scheme and means-tested structure of the Basic Old-Age Pension should be reformed.

This thesis conceptualises compulsory military service and objection to it as public performative acts that generate gendered and political identity. Conscription was the primary performance of citizenship and masculinity for white men in apartheid South Africa. Conscription was also a key governance strategy both in terms of upholding the authority of the state and in engendering discipline in the white population. Objection to military service was therefore a destabilising and transgressive public act. Competing conceptualisations of masculinity and citizenship are inherent in pro and anti-conscription discourses. The refusal to undertake military service places men outside the accepted means of graduating to ' real' manhood and patriotic citizenship. Although objection can be an iconic and transgressive act, objectors have an essentially ambivalent subjectivity in the public realm. Objectors are 'strangers' in a socially constructed and gendered binary of 'insiders' and 'outsiders' . This ambivalent status creates opportunities but also constraints for the performance of objection. The thesis analyses the effectiveness of objectors' performances and argues that there is a distinction between a radical challenge to hegemonic conceptions of militarised masculinity and citizenship and assimilatory challenges. The tension between radicalism and assimilation comes to the fore in response to the state's attacks on objectors. The militarised apartheid state is defined as not only masculine but heteronormative terms and it is the deployment of sexuality that is its most effective means of stigmatising and restricting the performance of objection. The thesis uses interview material, archival data and case studies and concludes that objectors (and their supporters) weaved multiple narratives into their performances but that as the 1980s progressed, the performance of objection to conscription became assimilatory and this demonstrates the heteronormativity of the state, military service and the public realm.
KMBT_363
Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in

Submitted by Jean Medeiros (jeanletras@uepb.edu.br) on 2017-03-06T16:26:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Tâmara de Oliveira Silva.pdf: 3590446 bytes, checksum: 6acc0a778d1a33b6e2b136be82e1d39e (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Secta BC (secta.csu.bc@uepb.edu.br) on 2017-03-07T16:38:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Tâmara de Oliveira Silva.pdf: 3590446 bytes, checksum: 6acc0a778d1a33b6e2b136be82e1d39e (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-07T16:38:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Tâmara de Oliveira Silva.pdf: 3590446 bytes, checksum: 6acc0a778d1a33b6e2b136be82e1d39e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-03
The National School Feeding Programme (PNAE) developed in Brazil is one of the largest in Latin America, serving millions of students throughout Brazil. The program works i n the country since 1955 and has been modified over the years in order to promote food security and nutrition of school and local development through the strengthening of family farming. Since 2009, Federal Law 11,947 provides for the minimum investment of 30% of the financial resources of the program to purchase food from family farmers, thereby promoting economic and social development of this category. This qualitative research aims to analyze the process of commercialization of family agriculture products to the PNAE in EMEF Dr. Chateubriand; EMEF Gracita Melo and EMEF Almeida Barreto, with the specific objectives; check how is the process of acquiring the products to those schools; identify the main social actors involved in the management of PNAE and present what are the main marketing difficulties. This city was chosen to have their school lunch decentralized and educated way, unlike other municipalities. The National School Meal Program is presented through a literature review, displaying its objectives, principles, its history over the years and its operation, as well as its improvement in this historical process, and the actors involved in the "institutional market" of the County. The methodology used in qualitative research was semi structured interview and field observation made possible to analyze the implications in implementing the program. According to the data obtained in the research to Law No. 11.947 / 2009 is met in relation to the 30% intended for encouragement of family farming, however, a lot must be improved so that the objectives of PNAE advance.
O Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) desenvolvido no Brasil é um dos maiores da América Latina, atendendo milhões de estudantes por todo o Brasil. O Programa funciona no país desde 1955 e vem sendo modificado ao longo dos anos com o intuito de promover a segurança alimentar e nutricional dos escolares, bem como o desenvolvimento local, através do fortalecimento da agricultura familiar. Desde 2009, a Lei Federal 11.947 prevê o investimento mínimo de 30% dos recursos financeiros do Programa para compra de alimentos de agricultores familiares, incentivando assim o desenvolvimento econômico e social desta categoria. Esta pesquisa de caráter qualitativo, tem por objetivo analisar o processo de comercialização dos produtos da agricultura familiar para o PNAE nas EMEF Dr. Chateubriand; EMEF Gracita Melo e EMEF Almeida Barreto, tendo como objetivos específicos; verificar como se dá o processo de aquisição dos produtos para as referidas escolas; identificar quais os principais atores sociais que participam na gestão do PNAE e apresentar quais as principais dificuldades de comercialização. Este município foi escolhido por ter a sua merenda escolar de forma descentralizada e escolarizada, diferente de outros municípios da região. O Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar é apresentado através de um levantamento bibliográfico, exibindo seus objetivos, princípios, a sua história ao longo dos anos e seu funcionamento, como também a sua melhoria nesse processo histórico, e os atores envolvidos no "mercado institucional" no Município. A metodologia utilizada na pesquisa qualitativa foi a entrevista semi estruturada e a observação de campo que possibilitou analisar as implicações na execução do programa. De acordo com os dados obtidos na pesquisa a Lei nº 11.947/2009 é atendida no que se refere aos 30% destinado para incentivo da Agricultura Familiar, porém, muito deve ser aperfeiçoado para que os objetivos do PNAE avancem.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-08-11T18:26:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Morgana Mara Vaz da Silva Maselli.pdf: 1850065 bytes, checksum: 18dd8e33999d6d853db0bb00d5da600f (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-11T18:26:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Morgana Mara Vaz da Silva Maselli.pdf: 1850065 bytes, checksum: 18dd8e33999d6d853db0bb00d5da600f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-19
The National School Feeding Programme (PNAE) started in the 1950s is the world?s largest public school program and the oldest Brazilian food program. A major change in the PNAE occurred in the 1990s when the resource management and program execution has become responsibility of the states and municipalities. Another change, which brought great attention to the program and that was the focus of this work, took place with the enactment of Law n?11.947/09, which made it mandatory investment of at least 30% of school feeding resources with acquisition of family farming products. This change was the result of the insertion of PNAE in public policies of Food and Nutritional Security, which strengthened the role of the program as an instrument to strengthening family agriculture and guaranteeing the right to healthy food for public school students in the country. This policy opens the possibility of a large institutional market for products from family farms and can assist in the process of collective organization of this category of farmers. The implementation is an important element of the policy cycle, in which decisions are taken and strategies sets through which the objectives of a public policy can be achieved. In this dynamic process there are involved different social actors who need to talk to another. This leads us to reflect on the obstacles and challenges in implementing this policy. We decided to conduct evaluation of the implementation process of the acquisition of family farming products, with approach focused on the dynamics of social actors involved in implementing this policy in the Rio de Janeiro?s municipality. We present a literature review of PNAE trajectory and the difficulties already encountered in the implementation of the acquisition of family farming in large cities, such as the difficulty of dealing with the Public Call instrument, issuing Daps for family farmers and the logistics of delivering products. Then prepared a history of agriculture in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, addressing aspects of agricultural production and existing public policies for this sector. We reconstitute a history of the implementation process of the PNAE?s acquisition of family farming the city, starting from the narratives of farmers, the Consea-Rio and municipal managers. Finally, we present an assessment of (non) implementation of this acquisition, because despite some attempts put in place, the city still does not acquire genres of family farming for school feeding. The balance is the result of analysis of the interaction between the regulatory framework of PNAE at the national level, with political, social and economic characteristics of the local context and indicates the established negotiations and strategies designed for the policy to take effect. We note that the lack of knowledge of City Hall about the reality of family farming and the difficulty of dealing with the normative instruments can be a barrier to implementation. As well as the poor organization of municipal farmers in formal groups and the high degree of urbanization of the municipality.
O Programa Nacional de Alimenta??o Escolar (PNAE) iniciado na d?cada de 1950 ? o maior programa p?blico de alimenta??o escolar do mundo e o mais antigo programa brasileiro de alimenta??o. Uma grande mudan?a no PNAE ocorreu na d?cada de 1990 quando a gest?o dos recursos e a execu??o do programa passou a ser de responsabilidade dos estados e munic?pios. Outra mudan?a de impacto, que trouxe grande aten??o ao programa e que foi foco deste trabalho, deu-se com a promulga??o da Lei n?11.947/09, que tornou obrigat?rio o investimento de no m?nimo 30% dos recursos da alimenta??o escolar com aquisi??o de produtos da agricultura familiar. Esta mudan?a foi fruto da inser??o do PNAE nas pol?ticas p?blicas de seguran?a alimentar e nutricional, que buscou refor?ar o papel do programa como um instrumento de fortalecimento da agricultura familiar e de garantia do direito a uma alimenta??o saud?vel por alunos da rede p?blica de ensino do pa?s. Esta pol?tica abre a possibilidade de um volumoso mercado institucional para os produtos da agricultura familiar, podendo colaborar com o processo de organiza??o coletiva desta categoria de agricultores. A implementa??o ? um elemento importante do policy cycle, em que s?o tomadas decis?es e definidas estrat?gias atrav?s das quais poder?o ser atingidos os objetivos de uma pol?tica p?blica. Neste processo din?mico est?o envolvidos distintos atores sociais que precisam dialogar entre si. Isto nos leva a refletir sobre os entraves e desafios para a implementa??o desta pol?tica. Optamos por realizar avalia??o do processo de implementa??o da compra da agricultura familiar, com abordagem focada nas din?micas dos atores sociais envolvidos na implementa??o desta pol?tica no munic?pio do Rio de Janeiro. Apresentamos uma revis?o bibliogr?fica da trajet?ria do PNAE e as dificuldades j? encontradas na implementa??o da compra da agricultura familiar em munic?pios de grande porte, tais como a dificuldade de lidar com o instrumento Chamada P?blica, a emiss?o de Daps para os agricultores familiares e a log?stica de entrega dos produtos. Em seguida elaboramos um hist?rico da agricultura no munic?pio do Rio de Janeiro, abordando os aspectos da produ??o agr?cola e das pol?ticas p?blicas existentes para este setor. Reconstitu?mos um hist?rico do processo de implementa??o da compra da agricultura familiar para o PNAE no munic?pio partindo das narrativas dos agricultores, do Consea-Rio e dos gestores municipais. Ao final, apresentamos um balan?o da (n?o) implementa??o desta compra, posto que, apesar de algumas tentativas colocadas em pr?tica, a prefeitura ainda n?o adquire g?neros da agricultura familiar para alimenta??o escolar. O balan?o ? fruto da an?lise da intera??o entre a estrutura normativa do PNAE em n?vel nacional, com as caracter?sticas pol?ticas, sociais e econ?micas do contexto local e indica as negocia??es estabelecidas e as estrat?gias desenhadas para que a pol?tica seja efetivada. Indicamos que o pouco conhecimento da Prefeitura acerca da realidade da agricultura familiar e a dificuldade de lidar com os instrumentos normativos pode ser um entrave ? implementa??o. Assim como a pouca organiza??o dos agricultores do munic?pio em grupos formais e o alto grau de urbaniza??o do munic?pio.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-18T18:55:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_KAREN BEATRIZ TAVEIRA BARROS.pdf: 883871 bytes, checksum: 92e5af990dcf6311e3af9bfb925d5154 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-13
This study analyzes the Foster Care Program in São Luís, between 2012 and 2013, in the light of the provisions of the Child and Adolescent Statute, the National Plan for the Protection and Defense of the Right of Children to Family and Community life and Technical Guidelines of the CONANDA. It presents an exhibition of the historical trajectory of children and adolescents in Brazil. It discusses the right to family and community life as the effort to overcome the institutionalization of children and adolescents. It addresses the national policy of promotion and defense of family and community life and its implementation in a National Plan and child and adolescents care policy. It analyzes the Foster Care Program in São Luís, in 2012 and 2013, in its design and development. This analysis seeks to compare what is provided for in National Policy of promotion and defense of family and community life and what, indeed, has been operated in the local community through this program, at all stages, is so far the children or adolescents inserted either with respect to selected families. Thus, this study sought to investigate from the moment of reception , entry into the program , the monitoring and the departure of children , adolescents and families
Este trabalho analisa o Programa Família Acolhedora, na cidade de São Luís, nos anos de 2012 e 2013, à luz dos preceitos do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, do Plano Nacional de Proteção e Defesa do Direito de Crianças e Adolescentes à Convivência Familiar e Comunitária e Orientações Técnicas do CONANDA. Apresenta uma exposição da trajetória histórica da infância e adolescência no Brasil. Discorre sobre o direito à convivência familiar e comunitária como busca da superação da institucionalização de crianças e adolescentes. Aborda a Política nacional de promoção e defesa da convivência familiar e comunitária e sua concretização num Plano Nacional e na política de atendimento à criança e ao adolescente. Analisa o Programa Família Acolhedora em São Luís, nos anos de 2012 e 2013, no seu desenho e desenvolvimento. Essa análise de viés avaliativo busca cotejar o que é previsto na Política nacional de promoção e defesa à convivência familiar e comunitária e o que, de fato, vem sendo operacionalizado na realidade local através deste Programa, em todas as fases, seja no que diz às crianças ou adolescentes inseridas, seja no tocante às famílias selecionadas. Assim é que se buscou investigar desde o momento do acolhimento, a entrada no Programa, o acompanhamento e a saída das crianças, adolescentes e famílias

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-18T18:54:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE MARIA DO SOCORRO SILVA ALENCAR.pdf: 5105998 bytes, checksum: 2b29687b4269a6a6b193f38fd5c05623 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-31
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
This thesis aims to understanding and analyzing the actions and primary care services developed by the Family Health Strategy with the elder in the city of Teresina, Piauí, and as this process these actions are being shaped in attitudes of protection active and healthy aging and social guarantees to the elderly population. Methodology: The issue is linked with the dimensions: health practices offered in the basic units (health promotion, prevention and health education, group activities), political-institutional organization of care, the process of multiprofessional teamwork and training of professionals to handle the demands of the elderly and aging. Authors of the field evaluation of social policies, public health and social gerontology anchored the discussion. The object of study is located in the subject area Social Policy and Policy Evaluation and Social Programs, with emphasis on evaluation procedures for the establishment and implementation of National Health Policy for the Elderly (PNSPI) and the actions of HIPERDIA. The context and the research subjects were the network of health-care services of the Municipal Health Service and the territorial structure of the Regional Health - CRS north-central and seventeen (17) professionals, of which fourteen (14) of ten (10) teams from the Basic Health Units, and technician manager of the Management of Primary Care and technician of CRS north central: doctors, nurses, dentists, nutritionists, public health expert, practical nurses and community health workers. Qualitative research using case study in having the procedure for field research: direct observation, quantitative survey of indicators to classify the elderly by age, chronic disease and bedridden, interviews, and document analysis. The description and interpretation of the themes by triangulation of information anchored in the content analysis technique. Results and Discussion: Based on the perceptions of social actors involved in the Family Health on the limits and possibilities for health care for the elderly found that the implementation process and implementation of actions arising from PNSPI was still planning for the fledgling promotion actions active aging, healthy and self-employed with health practices fragmented and discontinuous; regarding the actions of HIPERDIA although a more consistent strategy in the care of elderly, some obstacles mentioned by the subjects also demonstrated a fragile process and to the teamwork and lack of professional training in health and aging. The health care of the elderly follows the biomedical model of individual care based on medical and nursing, with its rules introjected by these professionals, as opposed to those who observe the social determinants of contexts in which they are generated. These elements in themselves demonstrate the complexity of health care for the elderly in family health, moreover if we consider that the skills required for this care are not yet part of the formation processes of different subjects that are now part of the teams. Conclusion: The "new" paradigm of health care for the elderly that seeks to evaluate them from multidimensional functional abilities has not is a strategy, in this city, which is capable of transforming the technical care model of primary healthcare in a wider and more complex model, which can interfere with their quality of life and reaffirm the commitment to individual care and public health. Therefore, if there was progress in the proposed universal access and comprehensiveness of health care on the basis of SUS by the legal and institutional bias, this same progress has not been accompanied by effective action in family health. For the deadlocks persist in this strategy, because there is the implementation of actions to promote and protect the health of the elderly and aging active, healthy and independent in the current situation of Brazilian society, marked by social inequities.
Objetivo: Esta tese objetiva compreender e analisar as ações e serviços de atenção básica desenvolvidos pela Estratégia Saúde da Família com a pessoa idosa, no município de Teresina-Piauí, e como nesse processo estas atuações estão se configurando em atitudes de proteção ao envelhecimento ativo e saudável e em garantias sociais ao público idoso. Metodologia: A questão se articula com as dimensões: práticas de saúde ofertadas nas unidades básicas (ações de promoção, de prevenção e de educação em saúde; atividades em grupo); político-institucional da organização da atenção; do processo de trabalho em equipe multiprofissional e da capacitação dos profissionais para lidar com as demandas da pessoa idosa e do envelhecimento. Autores do campo de avaliação de políticas sociais, saúde coletiva e gerontologia social ancoraram a discussão. O objeto de estudo está situado na área temática Políticas Sociais e Avaliação de Políticas e Programas Sociais, com ênfase na avaliação dos processos de implantação e implementação da Política Nacional de Saúde da Pessoa Idosa (PNSPI) e das ações do HIPERDIA. O contexto e sujeitos da pesquisa foram a rede de serviços assistenciais de saúde da Fundação Municipal de Saúde e a estrutura territorial da Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde - CRS centro-norte e dezessete (17) profissionais, dos quais quatorze (14) de dez (10) equipes das Unidades Básicas de Saúde, gerente e técnico da Gerência de Atenção Básica e técnico da CRS centro-norte: médicos, enfermeiros, dentistas, nutricionista, especialista em saúde pública, técnicos de enfermagem e agentes comunitários de saúde. Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, tendo no estudo de caso o procedimento para a pesquisa de campo: observação direta, levantamento quantitativo de indicadores que classificam os idosos por idade, doença crônica e acamados; entrevistas, além da análise documental. A descrição e interpretação das categorias temáticas por triangulação das informações ancorou-se na técnica análise de conteúdo. Resultados e Discussão: Com base nas percepções dos agentes sociais envolvidos na Saúde da Família sobre os limites e possibilidades para a atenção à saúde da pessoa idosa, observamos que o processo de implantação e implementação das ações da PNSPI ainda era decorrente de planejamento incipiente para as ações de promoção ao envelhecimento ativo, saudável e autônomo, com práticas de saúde fragmentadas e descontínuas; quanto às ações do HIPERDIA, embora seja a estratégia mais consistente na atenção aos idosos, alguns obstáculos apontados pelos sujeitos demonstraram, também, frágil processo para e no trabalho em equipe e falta de capacitação dos profissionais em saúde e envelhecimento. A atenção à saúde da pessoa idosa segue o modelo biomédico de assistência individual, baseado em consultas médicas e de enfermagem, com suas regras introjetadas pelos referidos profissionais, em contraposição àquelas que observam os determinantes sociais dos contextos em que elas são geradas. Esses elementos, por si sós, demonstram a complexidade da atenção à saúde da pessoa idosa na saúde da família, mormente se considerarmos que as competências exigidas para esse cuidado ainda não fazem parte dos processos de formação dos distintos sujeitos que hoje integram as equipes. Conclusão: O novo paradigma de saúde para a atenção às pessoas idosas que busque avaliá-las multidimensionalmente a partir de suas capacidades funcionais ainda não se constitui em estratégia, neste município, que seja capaz de transformar o modelo tecnoassistencial da rede básica de saúde em um modelo mais amplo e complexo, que possa interferir na qualidade de vida delas e reafirmar o compromisso com o cuidado individual e a saúde coletiva. Portanto, se houve avanço na proposta de universalização do acesso e integralidade do cuidado em saúde na base do SUS pelo viés jurídico-institucional, esse mesmo avanço não se fez acompanhar de ações efetivas na saúde da família, pois, os impasses persistem nessa Estratégia, para que haja a implementação de ações de promoção e proteção à saúde da pessoa idosa e ao envelhecimento ativo, saudável e autônomo, na atual conjuntura da sociedade brasileira, marcada pelas iniquidades sociais.

nÃo hÃ
O envelhecimento populacional ocorre de forma globalizada. à um fenÃmeno sem precedentes. à medida que as sociedades envelhecem, geram problemas de saÃde, desafiando os sistemas de saÃde, particularmente o SUS, no caso brasileiro. Este à um estudo descritivo, tendo enfoque quantitativo e qualitativo. A pesquisa teve por objetivo geral avaliar a atenÃÃo à saÃde da pessoa idosa na EstratÃgia SaÃde da FamÃlia (ESF), na comunidade do DendÃ, em Fortaleza, e, por objetivos especÃficos: identificar o perfil socioeconÃmico, demogrÃfico e de saÃde dos idosos da comunidade do DendÃ; apreender a percepÃÃo dos idosos acerca da atenÃÃo à saÃde prestada pela ESF do CSF Matos Dourado; caracterizar os profissionais de saÃde e identificar se sÃo capacitados para o atendimento ao idoso e sugerir estratÃgias e/ou aÃÃes que promovam atenÃÃo integral e integrada à saÃde da pessoa idosa. O estudo foi desenvolvido em dois locais: comunidade do Dendà e no Centro de SaÃde da FamÃlia Matos Dourado, localizados no Bairro Edson Queiroz. Na fase quantitativa, foram utilizados questionÃrios como instrumentos de coleta tanto para idosos e para profissionais de saÃde. Em relaÃÃo aos idosos, foram pesquisados 99, residentes na Comunidade do DendÃ, e, em relaÃÃo aos profissionais de saÃde, responderam o questionÃrio quatro enfermeiras e trÃs mÃdicos. Os dados foram analisados pelo Epi-Info versÃo 6.0. Na fase qualitativa, utilizou-se como mÃtodo de coleta de dados a entrevista em profundidade, tendo sido entrevistados oito idosos, e o grupo focal, com a participaÃÃo de seis agentes comunitÃrios de saÃde. Os dados foram analisados por meio do mÃtodo HermenÃutica da Profundidade, preconizado por Thompson (1995). Os idosos do Dendà vivem em casas com infraestrutura precÃria e sem saneamento bÃsico. Eles tÃm origem no campo (69,7%) e idade mÃdia de 69,7 anos. SÃo em sua maioria mulheres (60,6%), casados (47,4%), pardos (84,8%), catÃlicos (63,6%), aposentados ou pensionistas (82,8%), com baixo poder aquisitivo, tendo como renda familiar um a dois salÃrios-mÃnimos (67,6%) e possuem baixa escolaridade (76,7%). Possuem elevada morbidade fÃsica, principalmente das DCNT e seus fatores de risco, e autoavaliam a saÃde como de regular a ruim (72,4%). Os longevos tÃm a percepÃÃo de que os serviÃos prestados pelo PSF apresentam deficiÃncias, pois, mesmo satisfeitos (65,6%), e referindo que este melhorou efetivamente suas vidas (70,9%), mudariam do CSF ou de profissional de saÃde se fosse fÃcil fazer (41,4%). A anÃlise dos dados aponta que a insatisfaÃÃo com o PSF està ligada a dificuldades de acesso à consulta mÃdica, ao acompanhamento longitudinal e à integralidade da atenÃÃo. Em relaÃÃo à atenÃÃo que à prestada aos idosos, podemos concluir que nÃo à adequada, pois nÃo atende bem suas necessidades. O caminho para solucionar esses problemas passa pelo fortalecimento da ESF. Para isso, à essencial investir na infraestrutura e na qualificaÃÃo profissional, montando equipes completas e multiprofissionais. A saÃde do idoso se faz prioridade, sendo um desafio que envolve decisÃes polÃticas e uma conscientizaÃÃo da sociedade no tocante aos cuidados, respeito e solidariedade para com seus idosos.
Population aging occurs in a globalized manner. It is an unprecedented phenomenon. As societies grow old, they give birth to health problems that challenge health systems, particularly the âSUS‟ (Unified Health System), in the Brazilian case. This is a descriptive study having both quantitative and qualitative focus. The research had as its general objective the attention given to the aged person in the Family-Heealth Strategy (ESF) at the community of âDendÃ‟ in Fortaleza and the following specific goals: to identify the socioeconomic and demographic profiles, as well as the profile of the health situation of the aged population at the âDendÃ‟ community; to apprehend the perception of the aged themselves regarding the attention given to them by the âESF‟ of the âMattos Dourado‟ Family Health Center; to characterize the health professionals and to check whether they are duly qualified to give healthcare assistance to the aged and suggest strategies and/or actions aiming at an integral and integrated to the health of the old person. The study was carried out at two locations: at the community of âDendÃ‟ and at the âMattos Dourado‟ Family Health Center, located at âEdson Queiroz‟ neighborhood. During the quantitative phase, questionnaires were used as collecting instruments for the aged and for the health professionals. With respect to the aged, 99 residents of the âDendÃ‟ Community were researched and, as to health professionals, four Nurses and three Medical Doctors answered the questionnaire. The corresponding data were analized by way of the âEpi-Info Version 6.0‟. During the quantitative phase, the âIn-Depth Interview‟ technique for data collection was conducted, and eight aged persons were interviewed as well as the focal group with the participation of six community health agents. The data were analized by way of the âIn-Depth Hermeneutics‟ method advocated by Thompson (1995). The âDendà Community‟ aged persons live in homes with precarious infrastructure and no basic sanitation whatsoever. They come from the countryside (69.7%), and are at an average age of 69.7 years old. The majority of them are women (60.6%), married (47.4%), of dusky complexion (84.8%), catholics (63.6%), retired or pensioners (82.8%), with very low income, having as their family income one or two minimum monthly wages (67.6%) and a low level of education (76.7%). They display high physical morbidity, chiefly related to (DCNT) ‟Cronic Non-Communicable Diseases‟ and their risk factors, andself-evaluate their own health conditions from middling to poor (72.4%). The oldest individuals have the perception that the health services rendered by the (PSF) âFamily-Health Program‟ have been rather inefficient, since even being satisfied (65.6%), and admitting that the referred to health services have improved the quality of their lives (70.9%), they would leave the âFamily-Health Center‟ or their health professional if that were easy for them to do (41.4%). The data analysis suggests that the dissatisfaction regarding the âPSF‟ results from the access hurdles encountered to get medical appointments, the lack of longitudinal follow-up medical monitoring and the lack of comprehensive attention needed by the aged. In relation to the attention that is rendered to the aged, we can come to the conclusion that it is not adequate, since it does not meet their needs. The way to solve those problems points toward the strengthening of the âESF‟. To achieve such and endeavor, it is essential to invest in infrastructure and professional qualification, by organizing complete and multiprofessional teams. The health of the aged has priority, as a challenge that involves political decisions and awareness on the part of the society regarding care, respect and solidarity for their old citizens.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-08-23T20:48:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Vanessa Schottz.pdf: 2466655 bytes, checksum: 43c66ef0b42bc287ab8efa3280adf6b2 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T20:48:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Vanessa Schottz.pdf: 2466655 bytes, checksum: 43c66ef0b42bc287ab8efa3280adf6b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-31
CAPES
Since 2003, the National School Feeding Program (PNAE) has been going through changes that involve the reformulation of its goals, principles and guidelines, as well as its operational design from the intersectoral perspective of Food and Nutritional Security (FNS). The legal framework for the program, endorsed in 2009, aims to establish a link between the supply of healthy food in the school, the educational process of learning and family-based agriculture, recognizing school meals as a human right. In accordance with some principles of FNS, innovations in the operating mode of the program are being introduced, principally with respect to the dynamics of public acquisition of food, by making the allocation of at least 30% of the funds for the direct purchase of products of family-based agriculture a compulsory measure, with exemption from public bids. This thesis proposes to analyze PNAE's historical trajectory and recent reformulation from an angle yet not much explored in public policies analysis: its instruments. It aimed to understand, based on an approach that focuses on the Instrumentation of Public Action (IAP), the following questions: i) how the choosing process of instruments to operationalize food acquisition from family-based agriculture took place; ii) which principles from FNS Security were incorporated to the instruments; iii) which actors participated on the process and which interaction were established between them; iv) which public controversies were present. The study has pointed out that that the context of strengthening of the dynamics of social-estate interfaces and the greater permeability of the Estate to public policies reorientation proposals in the light of FNS's principles has created opportunities for actors coalitions (governmental mand non-governmental) that were linked to the defense of FNS causes and family-based agriculture to articulate themselves around that new legal framework. There was an effort both to reorient the guidelines of PNAE and to participate on the choosing of instruments by these actors. The introduction of new acquisition mechanisms in the PNAE involved the conformation of new field of controversies, because the changes affect the interface between public and market action. The mapping process done within the PNAE Managing Committee and Advisory Group (formal spaces aiming at the program's regulaion) has pointed out that the main controversies revolved around the following questions: i) the choosing of the operationalization modality to purchase from family-base agriculture; ii) the adoption of selection criteria bounded to the guidelines of PNAE substituting the purchasing processes that were linked to low-prices; iii) the definition of the price methodology; iv) the definition of a selling limit in a year; v) the connection between the Food Acquisition Program (PAA) and the PNAE. When we investigate the ...
Desde 2003, o Programa Nacional de Alimenta??o Escolar (PNAE) vem passando por mudan?as que envolvem a reformula??o de seus objetivos, princ?pios e diretrizes e desenho operacional a partir da perspectiva intersetorial de Seguran?a Alimentar e Nutricional (SAN). O marco legal do Programa, aprovado em 2009, estabelece um elo entre a oferta de alimentos saud?veis na escola, o processo de ensino-aprendizagem e a agricultura familiar, reconhecendo a alimenta??o escolar como um direito humano. Em conson?ncia com alguns princ?pios de SAN, foram introduzidas inova??es no modus operandi do programa, principalmente no que se refere ?s din?micas de aquisi??o p?blicas de alimentos, ao tornar obrigat?ria a destina??o de no m?nimo trinta por cento dos recursos para a compra direta da agricultura familiar, com dispensa de licita??o. Essa tese se prop?s a analisar a trajet?ria hist?rica e o processo recente de reformula??o do PNAE a partir de um ?ngulo ainda pouco explorado nas an?lises de pol?ticas p?blicas, os seus instrumentos. Buscou-se compreender, a partir da abordagem da Instrumenta??o da A??o P?blica (IAP), as seguintes quest?es: i) como se sucedeu a escolha dos instrumentos para operacionalizar a aquisi??o de alimentos da agricultura familiar; ii) quais foram os princ?pios de SAN incorporados aos instrumentos; iii) quais foram os atores que incidiram sobre esse processo e quais as din?micas de intera??o estabelecidas entre eles; iv) que controv?rsias estiveram presentes. O estudo apontou que o contexto de fortalecimento das interfaces socioestatais e de maior permeabilidade do Estado ? reorienta??o das pol?ticas p?blicas, ? luz dos princ?pios de SAN, criou oportunidades para que coaliz?es de atores (governamentais e n?o governamentais), vinculados ? defesa das causas da SAN e da agricultura familiar, se articulassem em torno desse novo marco legal. Houve, por parte destes atores, tanto um esfor?o por reorientar as diretrizes do PNAE, quanto por incidir sobre a escolha dos instrumentos. A introdu??o de novos mecanismos de compra no ?mbito do PNAE envolveu a conforma??o de um campo de controv?rsias, j? que as mudan?as incidem na interface entre a a??o p?blica e um mercado bem estabilizado. O mapeamento efetuado no ?mbito do Comit? Gestor e do Grupo Consultivo do PNAE (espa?os formais voltados para a regulamenta??o do programa) apontou que as principais controv?rsias giraram em torno das seguintes quest?es: i) a escolha da modalidade de operacionaliza??o de compra da agricultura familiar; ii) a ado??o de crit?rios de sele??o vinculados ?s diretrizes do PNAE em substitui??o ? compra pelo menor pre?o; iii) a defini??o da metodologia de pre?os; iv) o estabelecimento do limite de venda por ano; v) a conex?o entre o Programa de Aquisi??o de Alimentos (PAA) e o PNAE. Ao colocar uma lente sobre a instrumenta??o, buscamos evidenciar que as din?micas associadas ? constru??o desses dispositivos s?o t?o importantes quanto os princ?pios e os objetivos que orientam as pol?ticas p?blicas, particularmente quando se trata de abordagens inovadoras e de car?ter intersetorial como a SAN.

Submitted by Raphael Fernando Diniz (rfdiniz87@gmail.com) on 2018-06-26T19:37:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIÁLOGO DE SABERES OU MONOLOGO DO CONHECIMENTO -.pdf: 10962603 bytes, checksum: 1036291f31d2f26c0af138df345f0474 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by ALESSANDRA KUBA OSHIRO ASSUNÇÃO (alessandra@fct.unesp.br) on 2018-06-26T20:49:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 diniz_rf_dr_prud.pdf: 10962603 bytes, checksum: 1036291f31d2f26c0af138df345f0474 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-26T20:49:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 diniz_rf_dr_prud.pdf: 10962603 bytes, checksum: 1036291f31d2f26c0af138df345f0474 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-21
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
طوال النصف الثاني من القرن العشرين، كانت عملية تحديث الزراعة البرازيلية موجهة بشكل أساسي نحو إدخال عقليات جديدة وعقلانية الإنتاج وتنظيم المجال الريفي، ترتبط ارتباطا وثيقا بنظام الهيمنة الرأسمالية العالمية. في هذا السياق، تم تسهيل إنتاج ونشر التكنولوجيات والمعارف العلمية من خلال المشاركة الفعالة للعديد من الفاعلين الجمعويين، من بينهم الاسم المختصر باللغة البرتغالية) ، وذلك كوسيط .بين معاهد البحوث ) ATER مؤسسة المساعدة التقنية والإرشاد الزراعي الزراعية والمنتجين الريفيين، فضلا عن تنفيذ سياسات القروض والتنمية الزراعية التي وضعتها الدولة البرازيلية. وبهذا المعنى، كان الهدف من هذا البحث هو تحليل وعكس وتنظير دور هذه المؤسسات في تأسيس مجال ريفي بشكل يكون فيه أكثر ترشيدا وموحد صناعيا داخل البلاد. ولهذا، من أجل تفسير ومناقشة هذه المسألة على الصعيد الوطني، اخترنا كمجال للبحث البلديات التي تنتمي إلى ثلاثة "التراب الوطني" )الأقاليم المواطنة، ترجمة حرة( وادي جيكويتنهونها، في ولاية ميناس جيرايس )البرازيل( . في هذه المنطقة، قد قمنا بتحليل التقدم المحرز والتحديات التي تواجهها مؤسسة المساعدة التقنية والإرشاد الزراعي في ولاية ميناس الاسم المختصر في اللغة البرتغالية( لتنفيذ السياسات العمومية للتنمية القروية والسياسة EMATER-MG( جيرايس الاسم المختصر في اللغة البرتغالية) . PNATER( الوطنية للمساعدة التقنية والإرشاد الزراعي ولتحقيق هذه الأهداف، بالإضافة إلى الدراسة الببليوغرافية حول الموضوع ، الهدف، ومجال الدراسة والمفاهيم الجغرافية المهيكلة للبحث، قمنا بجمع، تصنيف وتحليل البيانات والمعلومات المتحصل عليها من المصادر الأولية والثانوية، وهكذا نحاول ان ندافع عن الأطروحة التي مفادها أنه بالإضافة الى الممارسة الاجتماعية فالممارسة التمددية تشكل أيضا ممارسة مكانية، والتي تتجلى في بعض الأحيان كغياب الاستقلالية في خدمة الفاعلين المهيمنين وبناء البيئة التقنية- المعلوماتية في المناطق الريفية ، ويسعى أحيانًا إلى وضع استراتيجيات ثورية ، تهدف إلى استقلالية الأفراد والمجموعات الاجتماعية الفرعية لخلق فضاءات من التواصل والتعاون والتكامل و التضامن. أظهرنا أنه على الرغم من التقدم المحرز ،PNATER أما فيما يخص السياسة الوطنية للمساعدة التقنية والإرشاد الزراعي بين عامي 2004 و 2014 ، فإن الدولة لم تنجح بعد في التغلب على التحديات التاريخية لإدارة السياسات العامة في البرازيل، مثل التوزيع غير المتكافئ للموارد المالية بين مناطق البلاد وبين ولايتهم. استنتجنا في ولاية ميناس جيرايس وإقليم وادي جيكويتنهونها أن الخدمة العامة لمؤسسة المساعدة التقنية والإرشاد الزراعي تهدف في المقام الأول إلى تنفيذ جميع توجهات السياسة الزراعية للدولة واحترام الالتزامات المفترضة مع ،ATER الجهات المانحة لها، والتي قد تكون أو لا تتوافق مع رغبات ومتطلبات الفاعلين الجمعويبن والأهداف والتوجهات .PNATER الاستراتيجية للسياسة الوطنية للمساعدة التقنية والإرشاد الزراعي إلى تقدم اجتماعي-اقتصادي EMATER-MG أدى تنفيذ السياسات العامة والبرامج الحكومية من قبل وكلاء الإرشاد وبيئي كبير في هذه المنطقة، مما ساهم في تطور المؤشرات الاقتصادية والاجتماعية للبلديات التي تمت دراستها. ومع ذلك، هناك عدد من المشاكل التي لا تزال قائمة وتمنع الفاعلين الجمعويين القرويين من الحفاظ على المشاريع المنفذة وتحسينها وتطويرها، ودلك من خلال احترام جميع أهدافها والسماح باستعمال منافعها بفاعلية من طرف الفاعلين الجمعويين الاخرين. ولحل وتخفيف هذه المشاكل، اقترحنا ان الجهود الجماعية والتضامنية للفاعلين الجمعويين لوادي جيكويتنهونها، يجب أن تكون مدعومة عن طريق هيكلة الشبكات الفكرية الكثيفة والمتنوعة، إنها استراتيجية مناسبة لتوليد الممارسات المجالية الثورية وخلق مساحات من التواصل، متضامنة، أفقية، ومستقلة عوض واقع يتميز بقيم مثل الفردية والأنانية والمنافسة والجشع.
Tout au long de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle, le processus de modernisation de l’agriculture brésilienne a été fondamentalement orienté vers l’introduction de nouvelles logiques et rationalités de production et d’organisation de l’espace rural étroitement liées à l’ordre hégémonique du capitalisme mondial. Dans ce contexte, la production et la diffusion de technologies et de connaissances scientifiques ont été facilitées par la participation active de plusieurs acteurs sociaux, parmi lesquels les institutions d’Aide Technique et Vulgarisation Agricole (ATER – acronyme en portugais), exécutant l’intermédiation entre les instituts de recherche agronomique et les producteurs ruraux, ainsi qu’en mettant en oeuvre des politiques de crédit agricole et de développement agricole élaborées par l’État brésilien. En ce sens, cette recherche avait pour but d’analyser, réfléchir et théoriser sur le rôle de ces institutions dans la construction d’un espace rural de plus en plus rationalisé, artificialisé et normalisé dans le pays. Pour cela, en plus d’interpréter et de discuter de cette question au niveau national, nous avons sélectionné comme espace de recherche les municipalités appartenant aux trois « Territórios da Cidadania » (Territoires de la Citoyenneté, traduction libre) de la Vallée du Jequitinhonha, dans l’état de Minas Gerais (Brésil). Dans cette région, nous avons analysé les progrès réalisés et les défis rencontrés par l’institution d’aide technique et vulgarisation agricole de l’état de Minas Gerais (EMATER-MG – acronyme en portugais) à mettre en oeuvre des politiques publiques de développement rural et de la Politique Nationale d’Aide Technique et Vulgarisation Agricole (PNATER – acronyme en portugais). Pour atteindre ces objectifs, outre l’étude bibliographique sur le thème, l’objet, le territoire d’étude et les concepts géographiques fondamentaux à la recherche, nous avons réalisé la collecte, la compilation et l’analyse des données et informations obtenues dans les sources primaires et secondaires. Ainsi, nous défendons la thèse selon laquelle, outre une pratique sociale, la pratique extensionniste constitue aussi une pratique spatiale, qui se manifeste, parfois comme hétéronomie, au service des acteurs hégémoniques et de la construction de l’environnement technico-scientifico-informationnel dans les espaces ruraux, et parfois cherche à engendrer des stratégies révolutionnaires, visant à l’autonomie des individus et groupes sociaux subalternisés et la création d’espaces de contiguïté, coopération et intégration solidaire. En ce qui concerne la PNATER, nous avons montré que malgré les progrès réalisés entre 2004 et 2014, l’État n’a pas encore réussi à surmonter les enjeux historiques de la gestion des politiques publiques au Brésil, tels que la répartition inégale des ressources financières entre les régions du pays et entre leurs états. Dans l’état de Minas Gerais et le territoire de la Vallée do Jequitinhonha, nous avons constaté que le service public d’ATER vise principalement à mettre en oeuvre toutes les orientations de la politique agricole de l’État et à respecter les obligations assumées avec ses bailleurs de fonds, lesquelles peuvent ou non correspondre aux souhaits et demandes des acteurs sociaux et aux objectifs et orientations stratégiques de la PNATER. La mise en oeuvre des politiques publiques et des programmes gouvernementaux par les agents de vulgarisation de l’EMATER-MG a permis la réalisation d’importants progrès socio-économiques et environnementaux dans cette région, contribuant à l’évolution des indicateurs économiques et sociaux des municipalités étudiées. Cependant, un certain nombre de problèmes persistent et empêchent les acteurs sociaux ruraux de maintenir, d’améliorer et de développer les projets mis en oeuvre, de respecter de tous leurs objectifs et de permettre l’appropriation effective de leurs avantages par d’autres acteurs sociaux. Visant à résoudre/atténuer ces problèmes, nous avons proposé que l’effort collectif et solidaire des acteurs sociaux de la Vallée du Jequitinhonha soit soutenu par la structuration de réseaux pensants, denses et diversifiés, une stratégie susceptible d’engendrer des pratiques spatiales révolutionnaires et de créer des espaces de contiguïté, de solidarité, d’horizontalité, d’autonomie et d’espoir face à une réalité marquée par des valeurs telles que l’individualisme, l’égoïsme, la compétition et l’avidité.
Ao longo da segunda metade do século XX, o processo de modernização da base técnica da agricultura brasileira foi orientado à introdução de novas lógicas e racionalidades de produção estreitamente ligadas à ordem hegemônica do capitalismo global. Neste contexto, a produção e difusão de tecnologias e conhecimentos científicos foi viabilizada pela participação ativa de diversos agentes sociais, dentre os quais as instituições de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural (ATER). Tais instituições atuaram na intermediação entre os institutos de pesquisa e inovação tecnológica e os produtores rurais, assim como na execução de políticas agrícolas e de crédito rural elaboradas pelo Estado brasileiro. Neste sentido, buscamos com esta pesquisa analisar, refletir e teorizar sobre o protagonismo destas instituições na construção de um espaço rural cada vez mais racionalizado, artificializado e normatizado no país. Para isso, além de interpretar e discutir esta questão em âmbito nacional, selecionamos como recorte espacial de investigação os municípios pertencentes aos três Territórios da Cidadania (TCs) do Vale do Jequitinhonha-MG. Nesta região, nos dedicamos a analisar os progressos realizados e os desafios enfrentados pela Empresa de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural do estado de Minas Gerais (EMATER-MG) em executar políticas públicas de desenvolvimento rural e implementar a Política Nacional de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural (PNATER). Para consecução desses objetivos, além da revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema, objeto, território de estudo e conceitos geográficos fundamentais à pesquisa, realizamos o levantamento, compilação e análise de dados e informações obtidas em fontes primárias e secundárias. A partir desse exercício, defendemos a tese de que, além de uma prática social, a prática extensionista se configura numa prática espacial, que ora se manifesta enquanto heteronomia, a serviço dos atores hegemônicos e da construção do meio técnico-científico-informacional nos espaços rurais, ora busca engendrar estratégias insurgentes, voltadas à autonomia dos sujeitos e grupos sociais subalternizados e à criação de espaços de contiguidade, cooperação e integração solidária. No que concerne à PNATER, demonstramos que, apesar dos progressos realizados entre 2004 e 2014, o Estado ainda não foi capaz de superar problemas históricos da gestão de políticas públicas no Brasil, como a distribuição desigual de recursos financeiros entre as regiões do país e entre os estados que as compõem. Em Minas Gerais e no Vale do Jequitinhonha, depreendemos que o serviço público de ATER visa atender, primordialmente, às diretrizes de política agrícola do Estado e às obrigações assumidas com seus agentes mantenedores, as quais podem ou não corresponder aos anseios e demandas dos sujeitos sociais rurais e aos objetivos e orientações estratégicas da PNATER. A implementação de políticas públicas e programas de governo pelos extensionistas da EMATERMG possibilitou a realização de progressos socioeconômicos e ambientais importantes nesta região, os quais resultaram, em seu conjunto, em contribuições para a evolução dos indicadores econômicos e sociais dos municípios pesquisados. No entanto, ainda persiste uma série de problemas que impedem aos sujeitos sociais rurais a manutenção, aprimoramento e expansão dos projetos implementados, o pleno cumprimento de seus objetivos e a apropriação efetiva de seus benefícios por outros sujeitos sociais. Para a resolução/mitigação destes problemas, propusemos que o esforço coletivo e solidário dos sujeitos sociais do Vale do Jequitinhonha-MG seja subsidiado pela estruturação de redes pensantes, densas e diversificadas, estratégia com considerável potencial de engendrar práticas espaciais insurgentes e instituir espaços de contiguidade, solidariedade, horizontalidade, autonomia e esperança frente a uma realidade marcada por valores como o individualismo, o egoísmo, a competição e a ganância.
Throughout the second half of the 20th century, the process of modernisation of Brazilian agriculture was orientated towards the introduction of new logics and rationalities of production and organization of rural space, closely linked to the hegemonic order of global capitalism. Within this context, production and diffusion of scientific technology and knowledge was made feasible through the participation of a diverse array of social agents. Amongst which existed the institutions of Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (ATER – acronym portuguese). These organisations acted as intermediaries between research institutes of technological innovation and rural producers, disseminating modernised agricultural practices, aided through the execution of rural credit and agricultural policies mandated by the Brazilian Government. In this sense, this study aims to analyse, reflect and theorise in regards to the role actuated by such institutions in the construction of a rural environment increasingly more rationalized, artificialized and normalized throughout the country. In order to achieve this, as well as to interpret and discuss this question on a national scale, case studies were carried out to act as spatial samples for investigation. The area of investigation selected pertains to the municipalities of the three Citizen Territories of the Jequitinhonha Valley - Minas Gerais. Within these territories, we focused on analysing the progress and challenges confronted by the state-owned Company of Technical Assistance and Rural Extension of the state of Minas Gerais (EMATER-MG). Assessed was its successful execution of rural development policies through the implementation of the National Policy of Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (PNATER). To achieve this analysis, a literature review on the theme, object, territory and geographic concepts fundamental to the study was completed. Also carried out was the collection, compilation and analysis of data obtained through sources both primary and secondary in nature. We defend the thesis that as well as a social practise, extensionism constitutes a spatial practise that is at times acquiesced to the service of hegemonic actors leading to the construction of a techno-scientific-informational environment within rural spaces. However, in other instances, the practise searches to promote innovative strategies directed towards the autonomy of subalternate subjects and social groups and the creation of spaces that represent solidarity, continuity, cooperation and integration. In relation to PNATER, we demonstrate that despite the progress achieved between 2004 and 2014, the state was unable to fully overcome historically persistent problems regarding the execution of public policy in Brazil. Perhaps principal among which being the unequal distribution of financial services among regions of the country and within the states that constitute them. In the State of Minas Gerais, including the Jequitinhonha Valley, based on our findings we argue that the public service ATER attends primarily to the agricultural policy guidelines of the State as well as the obligations assumed by its supporting agents, of which, may or may not correspond to the wishes and demands of the social subjects and strategic objectives and guidelines of PNATER. It can be said that, the implementation of public policies and government programs by the extensionists of EMATER-MG did enable important socio-economic and environmental progress to occur within the region. This contributed to the improvement of economic and social indicators of the municipalities surveyed. However, a series of hindrances persist that prevent the rural social subjects from maintaining, improving and expanding upon the projects implemented, as well as, the full accomplishment of their objectives and the effective appropriation of their benefits. In order to resolve/mitigate these problems, we propose that the solidarity and collective effort of the social subjects of the Jequitinhonha Valley be supported by the creation of dense, critical thinking and diversified networks of stakeholders. A strategy with considerable potential to engender insurgent spacial practices and establish spaces of contiguity, solidarity, horizontality, autonomy and hope in the face of a reality marked by values such as individualism, selfishness, competition and greed.
En la segunda mitad del siglo XX el proceso de modernización de la base técnica de la agricultura brasilera fue fundamentalmente orientado a la introducción de nuevas lógicas y racionalidades de producción y organización del espacio rural, las cuales están estrechamente ligadas a la orden hegemónica del capitalismo global. En este contexto, la producción y difusión de tecnologías y conocimientos científicos fue visibilizada por la participación activa de diversos agentes sociales, entre los cuales están las instituciones de Asistencia y Extensión Rural (ATER). Estas instituciones actuaron como mediadoras entre los institutos de investigación e innovación tecnológica y los productores rurales, así como en la ejecución de políticas agrícolas y de crédito rural elaboradas por el Estado brasilero. En este contexto, nuestra investigación busca analizar, reflexionar y teorizar sobre el protagonismo de estas instituciones en la construcción de un espacio rural cada vez más racionalizado, artificial y normativo en el país. Por lo tanto, además de interpretar y discutir esta cuestión en el ámbito nacional, seleccionamos como recorte espacial de investigación los municipios pertenecientes a los tres Territorios de la Ciudadanía del Valle do Jequitinhonha (Minas Gerais). En esta región analizamos los progresos realizados y los desafíos enfrentados por la Empresa de Asistencia Técnica y Extensión Rural del estado de Minas Gerais (EMATER-MG) para ejecutar políticas públicas de desarrollo rural e implementar la Política Nacional de Asistencia Técnica y Extensión Rural (PNATER). Para desarrollar tales objetivos, además de la revisión bibliográfica sobre el tema, objeto, territorio de estudio y conceptos geográficos fundamentales a la investigación, realizamos un levantamiento, compilación y análisis de datos e informaciones obtenidas en fuentes de origen primario y secundario. A partir de este ejercicio, defendemos la tesis de que más allá de una práctica social, la práctica extensionista configura también una práctica espacial, que se manifiesta como heteronomía, tanto al servicio de los autores hegemónicos y de la construcción del medio técnico-científico-informacional en los espacios rurales, como una búsqueda de engendrar estrategias insurgentes, enfocadas a la autonomía de los sujetos y grupos sociales subalternos y a la creación de espacios de continuidad, cooperación e integración solidaria. En lo que tiene que ver con PNATER, demostramos que a pesar de los progresos realizados entre 2004 y 2014 el Estado todavía no fue capaz de superar problemas históricos de la gestión de políticas públicas en Brasil, como la distribución desigual de recursos financieros entre las regiones del país y entre los estados que las componen. En Minas Gerais y en el Valle do Jequitinhonha concluimos que el servicio público de la ATER busca atender, primordialmente, las directrices de política agrícola del Estado y las obligaciones asumidas con los agentes que las implementan, las cuales pueden o no corresponder a los deseos y demandas de los sujetos sociales rurales y a los objetivos y orientaciones estratégicas de la PNATER. La implementación de políticas públicas y programas de gobierno por los extensionistas de la EMATER-MG posibilitó la realización de progresos socioeconómicos y ambientales importantes en esta región, los cuales resultaron en su conjunto en contribuciones para la evolución de los indicadores económicos y sociales de los municipios investigados. Sin embargo, aún persiste una serie de problemas que impiden a los sujetos sociales rurales la manutención, mejoramientos y expansión de los proyectos implementados, el pleno cumplimiento de sus objetivos y la apropiación efectiva de sus beneficios por otros sujetos sociales. Para la resolución/mitigación de estos problemas, propusimos que el esfuerzo colectivo y solidario de los sujetos sociales del Valle de Jequitinhonha-MG sea subsidiado por la estructuración de redes pensantes, densas y diversificadas, estrategia con considerable potencial de engendrar prácticas espaciales insurgentes e instituir espacios de contigüidad, solidaridad, horizontalidad, autonomía y esperanza frente a una realidad marcada por valores como el individualismo, egoísmo, competencia y ganancia.
2013/25725-8

Dissertation explores the structure and level of financial support addressed to families with children in the Czech Republic and 19 other European countries as of December 2008. Attention is paid primarily to the "new" European countries, i.e. the region of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Through analysis of tax-benefit system this study examines where the Czech Republic stands in respect of family support within the European context and assesses which European policy is most similar to the Czech model of financial family support. There are two main parts. First one introduces the welfare state and family policy typologies and theories. Second one uses the model family method to answer the following questions: Which kind of family composition benefits most from the state support? Does the Czech tax- benefit system prioritize the traditional male-breadwinner family or does it encourage the dual-earner model? What is the position of Czech lone-parent families in comparison to other European countries? Is the Czech family policy aimed at the same types of family with children as is the Slovakian family policy or any other state policy in CEE? Are these two countries still following the same trend in respect to the financial family support? And where do the new European countries fit within the existing...

As a social worker practising in long-term residential care for people living with dementia, I am alarmed by discourses in the media and health policy that construct persons living with dementia and their health care needs as a threatening “rising tide” or crisis. I am particularly concerned about the material effects such dominant discourses, and the values they uphold, might have on the collective provision of care and support for our elderly citizens in the present neoliberal economic and political context of health care. To better understand how dominant discourses about dementia work at this time when Canada’s population is aging and the number of persons living with dementia is anticipated to increase, I have rooted my thesis in poststructural methodology. My research method is a discourse analysis, which draws on Foucault’s archaeological and genealogical concepts, to examine two contemporary health policy documents related to dementia care – one national and one provincial. I also incorporate some poetic representation – or found poetry – to write up my findings. While deconstructing and disrupting taken for granted dominant crisis discourses on dementia in health policy, my research also makes space for alternative constructions to support discursive and health policy possibilities in solidarity with persons living with dementia so that they may thrive.
Graduate
0452
0680
0351
macsuz@shaw.ca