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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Drainage ditches'
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Vaughan, Robert Edward. "Agricultural drainage ditches : soils and implications for nutrient transport." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3244.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Natural Resource Sciences and Landscape Architecture. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Staud, Benjamin T. "Seepage through longitudinal drainage trenches." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1405.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2000.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 134 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75).
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Littlejohn, Alex. "Nutrient mitigation capacity of low-grade weirs in agricultural drainage ditches." Mississippi State University, 2013.
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Gustavsson, Andreas, and Selberg Martin. "Delineation of Ditches in Wetlandsby Remote Sensing." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-354612.
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Wetlands have been heavily affected by human-alteration, this is done to drain thewetland so that the ground can be used for other purposes such as forestry oragriculture. With high accuracy data available now, it is possible to use differentmethods automatically to identify these ditches in wetlands or other areas. Fourdifferent methods were applied to two areas to delineate ditches. To compare the different methods, the results were quantified by comparing with amanually created map of the ditches. Drainage density and an agreement index wereused. The results indicate that the methods of impoundment index and map gullydepth are best able to distinguish the ditches in wetlands. The former gave a betterresult on areas inside wetlands while the latter gave a better result with non-wetlandareas. The other two methods make mistakes and misjudgements that givemisleading results, they ignore ditches partially or completely, or finds ditches inareas without them. Even so, all methods are at least a clear improvement over thecurrently available property map's water flows, but not in the same class as the timeconsumingmanual method.Våtmarker har påverkats mycket av människan genom dikning, detta görs för attdränera våtmarken så att marken kan användas för andra syften som skogsbruk ellerjordbruk. Med höjddata i hög noggrannhet som nu finns tillgänglig är det möjligt attanvända olika metoder för att urskilja dessa diken i våtmarker. Fyra olika metodermed applicerades på två olika områden för att undersöka möjligheten att urskiljadiken. För att jämföra de olika metoderna kvantifieras resultaten genom att jämföras meden manuellt skapad karta över diken. Dränerings densitet och ettöverensstämmelseindex användes. Resultaten pekar på att metoderna fördämningsindex (impoundment index) och ravindjupskartering (map gully depth) klarar bäst avatt urskilja diken i våtmarker. Där den föregående ger ett gav ett bättre resultat inomvårmarker och den senare gav ett bättre resultat generellt över området. De tvåandra metoderna gör missar och felbedömningar som ger missvisande resultat.Oavsett det, så är karteringen av dikena i nuläget en klar förbättring överFastighetskartans vattenflöden, men inte i samma klass som den tidskrävandemanuella metoden.
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Kröger, Robert. "Nitrogen and phosphorus flux in agricultural drainage ditches in northern Mississippi U.S.A. /." Full text available from ProQuest UM Digital Dissertations, 2007. http://0-proquest.umi.com.umiss.lib.olemiss.edu/pqdweb?index=0&did=1414120051&SrchMode=2&sid=1&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1219775089&clientId=22256.
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Sablak, Gregg Thomas. "Link between macroinvertebrate community, riparian vegetation and channel geomorphology in agricultural drainage ditches." The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1407506954.
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LeMay, Lynsey E. "The Impact of Drainage Ditches on Salt Marsh Flow Patterns, Sedimentation and Morphology: Rowley River, Massachusetts." W&M ScholarWorks, 2007. http://www.vims.edu/library/Theses/LeMay07.pdf.
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Zaleski, Sara J. "Environmental Influences on Avian Presence in Roadside Ditches in an Agricultural Landscape." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1435251239.
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秋山, 吉寛, and Yoshihiro B. Akiyama. "Host Fish Species for the Glochidia of Anodonta japonica Inhabiting Drainage Ditches for Rice Cultivation in Hikone City." 日本貝類学会（Malacological Society of Japan）, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/15513.
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Abit, Sergio Jr Manacpo. "Evaluation of subsurface solute transport and its contribution to nutrient load in the drainage ditches prior to restoration of a Carolina Bay." NCSU, 2005. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11152005-183644/.
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Subsurface solute transport is a major mechanism that contributes to the contaminant load in both surface and ground waters. Among these contaminants are plant nutrients that if transported in excessive amounts to surface waters can cause adverse effects on humans and animals, as well as negative impacts on aquatic life. The general objective of this study was to conduct a field evaluation of subsurface solute transport in the capillary fringe (CF) and shallow ground water (SGW) and their contribution to nutrient load in the ditches prior to restoration of a Carolina Bay. Specifically, this study was aimed at evaluating: a) the horizontal flow of bromide (Br-) in the CF and SGW under field conditions, b) the fate of nitrate (NO3-) in the CF and SGW in a sandy field site drained by ditches, and c) the possible contribution of subsurface flow to the increased nutrient load in drainage ditches at a drained Carolina Bay following storm events. The study was conducted in Juniper Bay, a drained Carolina Bay in Robeson County, NC. A solute transport experiment was conducted at a sandy site in the Bay where a solution containing Br- and NO3- was applied into an auger hole dug to about 10 cm above the CF during the time of application. The transport of Br- and NO3- in the CF and SGW was monitored by frequently collecting soil water samples using tension lysimeters installed at depths of 45, 60, 75, 90 and 105 cm at lateral distances of 20, 60, 120, 220 and 320 cm from the auger hole along the general direction of the ground water flow. A representative monitoring site from each of the Bay?s mineral and organic soil areas was also chosen for a year-long monitoring of fluctuations in nutrient concentrations in water samples from the Bay?s main ditch exit as well as from the vadose zone, ground water and lateral ditches. Soil solution from the vadose zone and ground water samples were collected using tension lysimeters installed at 15-cm depth intervals from 15 to 120, and 30 to 180 cm depths at the mineral and organic soil sites, respectively. Ground water samples were collected from three fully perforated wells. Seven piezometers installed at each site also allowed collection of ground water samples from different depth intervals below the water table The direction and magnitude of the subsurface hydraulic gradient at the monitored sites were also determined using the three-point technique. Lateral transport of Br- in the CF was observed in the direction of ground water movement up to 320 cm from the auger hole where solutes were applied. The Br- plume from the unsaturated zone that entered into the CF tended to stay and move horizontally in the CF until it was partially moved into the ground water by the fluctuating WT following rain events. The normalized concentrations (concentration in soil solution/concentration in the applied solution) of both NO3- and Br- in water samples collected from CF were comparable for all distances from the application spot. However, in the groundwater, the normalized concentration of NO3- was substantially lower than the normalized Br- concentrations. We believe the reduction in NO3- concentration in the ground water was due to denitrification. Results from the nutrient monitoring experiment reveal that the sample taken from the main ditch exit following a 5 cm d-1 storm event had higher concentrations of total organic carbon (TOC), phosphates (PO4-P), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) compared to the average of samples collected during baseflow conditions. The same was also observed for samples collected from the vadose zone especially at depths closer to the soil surface where organic carbon and extractable Ca, Mg and PO4-P contents were higher. Higher concentrations of these solutes in the ditches and vadose zone coincided with observed increase in the magnitude of the groundwater hydraulic gradient. In addition, it was observed that following the storm events, the direction of the ground water hydraulic gradient tended to become more perpendicular to the nearby lateral ditch suggesting that the route taken by the water as it moves in the subsurface towards the ditch is shortened. We believe that the increase in concentration of PO4-P, Ca, Mg and TOC in the soil solution at certain depths in the soil profile coupled with their higher rate of movement in the subsurface towards the ditch following the storm event should have contributed to the increase in concentration of such nutrients in the ditches.
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Kondrotavičienė, Giedrė. "Klaipėdos rajono melioruotų žemių ir melioracijos statinių būklė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100615_125139-84033.
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Magistrantūros studijų baigiamajame darbe analizuojama Klaipėdos rajono melioruotų žemių ir melioracijos statinių būklė. Darbo apimtis 48 puslapiai kompiuteriu spausdinto teksto, įskaitant 2 lenteles ir 29 paveikslus. Naudotos literatūros sąrašą sudaro 21 literatūros šaltiniai.
Darbo tikslas - atlikti melioruotų žemių ir melioracijos statinių būklės analizę.
Nepriklausomybės metais, skiriant melioracijos darbams mažiau lėšų, melioracijos statinių būklė palaipsniui blogėjo. Remiantis naujausiais 2009 metų duomenimis, Klaipėdos rajone neveikiančio arba blogai veikiančio drenažo plotas sudarė 5579,28 ha, o išbrauktas iš apskaitos plotas sudarė 867,45 ha. Viso to pasekmė yra ta, kad melioruota žemė nebuvo dirbama, drenažo rinktuvai užsikimšo medžių ir augmenijos šaknimis, pamiškėje drenuoti plotai užaugo menkaverčiu mišku, krūmais.
Šiuo metu magistralinių griovių ilgis Klaipėdos rajone yra 1280 km, iš kurių 70,87 km blogos būklės. Kaip ir visi melioraciniai statiniai, taip ir grioviai nėra amžini. Nuslinkus šlaitui, nusėdus dugne nešmenims, priaugus žolių, patekus įvairiems kliuviniams, sugriuvus pralaidoms ir drenažo žiotims, grioviai praranda savo paskirtį ir patvenkia drenažo sistemas, sumažina drenažo veikimo efektyvumą, pablogindami dirbamų žemių sausėjimą. Taigi, tvarkingas griovys sąlygoja normalų vandens ištekėjimą iš drenažo žiočių ir daugeliu atvejų padeda išvengti brangių drenažo sistemos rekonstrukcijos darbų.
Lietuvoje yra 56808 pralaidų, iš kurių 23322 yra blogos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]In the final work of master studies, we analyse a state of reclaimed lands and reclaimation constructions in Klaipėda region. The work consists of 48 pages of printed text, including 2 tables and 29 pictures. Twenty-one references have been used. The aim of the final work is to analyse a state of reclaimed lands and reclaimation structures. During the years of independence, with less means being assigned for land reclamation works, the technical state of land reclamation structures gradually became worse. According to the newest inventory data of 2009, the area of badly functioning or non-functioning drainage made up 5579,28 ha, whereas the area deleted from the accounting made up 867,45 ha. Consequences of all that are: reclaimed lands were not cultivated, drainage manifolds became obstructed with roots of trees and vegetation, and the drained areas on the forest outskirts overgrew with not valuable forests and shrubs. At present the length of main ditches in Klaipėda district is 1280 km, 70,87 km of which are in bad state. All land reclamation structures, ditches as well, are not everlasting. Ditches lose their purpose due to slope slippage, sediment deposition, grass overgrowth, and culvert or drainage mouth collapse. They overflow drainage systems as well as decrease the efficiency of drainage systems and reduce the draining of cultivated lands. Thus, ditches that are in good condition determine the regular water outflow from the drainage mouth and, in many cases help to... [to full text]
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Bielovičiūtė, Rimantė. "Griovių ir juose esančių statinių būklės analizė Šakių rajone." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090114_160411-77477.
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Magistrantūros studijų baigiamajame darbe analizuojama griovių ir juose esančių statinių būklė Šakių rajone. Darbo apimtis 61 puslapis kompiuteriu spausdinto teksto, įskaitant 8 lenteles ir 29 paveikslus. Naudotos literatūros sąrašą sudaro 24 literatūros šaltiniai.
Darbo tikslas – atlikti griovių ir juose esančių statinių būklės analizę Šakių rajone.
Nepriklausomybės metais, skiriant melioracijos darbams mažiau lėšų, melioracijos statinių būklė palaipsniui blogėjo. Remiantis naujausiais 2007 metų inventorizavimo duomenimis, Šakių rajone neveikiančio arba blogai veikiančio drenažo plotas sudarė 5641,32 ha, o išbrauktas iš apskaitos plotas sudarė 144,7 ha. Viso to pasekmė yra ta, kad melioruota žemė nebuvo dirbama, drenažo rinktuvai užsikimšo medžių ir augmenijos šaknimis, pamiškėje drenuoti plotai užaugo menkaverčiu mišku, krūmais.
Šiuo metu magistralinių griovių ilgis Šakių rajone yra 1239,30 km, iš kurių 613,77 km blogos būklės. Kaip ir visi melioraciniai statiniai, taip ir grioviai nėra amžini. Nuslinkus šlaitui, nusėdus dugne nešmenims, priaugus žolių, patekus įvairiems kliuviniams, sugriuvus pralaidoms ir drenažo žiotims, grioviai praranda savo paskirtį ir patvenkia drenažo sistemas, sumažina drenažo veikimo efektyvumą, pablogindami dirbamų žemių sausėjimą. Taigi, tvarkingas griovys sąlygoja normalų vandens ištekėjimą iš drenažo žiočių ir dageliu atveju padeda išvengti brangių drenažo sistemos rekonstrukcijos darbų.
Lietuvoje yra 56808 pralaidų, iš kurių 23632 yra blogos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]In the final work of master studies is analysed the state of trenches and theirs constructions in Sakiai region. The work consists of 61 pages of printed text, including 8 tables and 29 pictures. 24 references have been used. The aim of the final work – to summarize the whole information about trenches and their existent buildings in Sakiai region. During the independent years, with less means being assigned for land reclamation works, the technical state of land reclamation structures worsened in time. According to the newest inventory data of 2007, the area of badly functioning or non-functioning drainage made up 5641,32 ha, whereas the area deleted from the accounting made up 144,7 ha. Such situation occurred because of the following facts: reclaimed lands were not cultivated, drain manifolds became obstructed with the roots of trees and vegetation, on the forest outskirts the drained areas overgrew with not valuable forests and shrubs. At present the length of the main ditches in Sakiai district is 1239,30 km, of which 613,77 km are in bad state. Ditches, as all land reclamation structures, are not imperishable. After the slope slipping, the depositing of sediments, the overgrowing with grasses, the collapse of culverts and drainage mouth ditches loose their purpose and overflow drainage systems as well as decrease the efficiency of drainage systems and worsen the draining of cultivated lands. So, ditches that are in good condition determine the regular water outflow from... [to full text]
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D'Ambrosio, Jessica Leigh. "Perspectives on the Geomorphic Evolution and Ecology of Modified Channels and Two-Stage Ditches in the Agriculturally-Dominated Midwestern United States." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1356038774.
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Kondrotavičius, Mindaugas. "Šilutės rajono melioruotų žemių ir melioracijos statinių būklė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100615_125209-73556.
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Magistrantūros studijų baigiamajame darbe analizuojamas drenažo sistemų eksploatacijos efektyvumas. Darbą sudaro – įvadas, 5 skyriai, išvados ir rekomendacijos, naudotos literatūros sąrašas. Darbo apimtis – 56 puslapiai kompiuteriu spausdinto teksto, įskaitant 6 lenteles ir 37 paveikslus. Naudotos literatūros sąrašą sudaro – 34 šaltiniai.
Nepriklausomybės metais, skiriant melioracijos darbams mažiau lėšų, melioracijos statinių būklė palaipsniui blogėjo. Pagal 2009 metų duomenis, Šilutės rajone nusausintų žemių iš viso yra 85113,90 ha, o nusausintas drenažu plotas sudaro 68352,30 ha, valstybei nuosavybės teise priklausančių melioruotų žemių ir melioracijos statinių balansinė vertė – 283902,773 tūkst. Lt. Žemės ūkio gamyba ir jos našumas tiesiogiai priklauso nuo melioracijos sistemų būklės, nes ji vyksta nusausintose žemėse, todėl būtina atsižvelgti į šio sektoriaus konkurencingumą rinkos sąlygomis bei Šilutės rajono ir bendrą Lietuvos žemės ūkio plėtrą, todėl tikslinga išanalizuoti melioruotų žemių inventorizacijos darbus ir nustatyti svarbiausius rodiklius, aktualius dabar ir ateityje naudojant melioruotą žemę ir melioracijos statinius.
Šiai dienai esamų melioracijos statinių vidutinis amžiaus vidurkis siekia 35 metus. Žemės savininkai neturi lėšų tinkamai naudoti ir prižiūrėti melioracijos statinius, todėl jų techninė būklė sparčiai blogėja.
Melioracijos statiniai teikia naudą žemdirbiams, kaimo gyventojams ir visai mūsų visuomenei. Nenorintis ar nepajėgiantis savo žemėje... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]In the final work of master studies, we analyze efficiency of operating of drainage systems. The work consists of introduction, 5 chapters, conclusions and recommendations, a list of references. This makes 56 pages of printed text, including 6 tables and 37 pictures. Thirty -four references have been used. During the years of independence, with less means being assigned for land reclamation works, the technical state of land reclamation structures gradually became worse. According to the data of 2009, the drained area of land in Šilutė district consists of 85113,90 hectares (ha), of which 68352,30 ha are drained by drainage systems. The balance value of reclaimed lands and reclamation constructions owned by the state is 283902,773 Lt. Production of agriculture and its fertility is directly influenced by the condition of reclamation systems because drained lands are where cultivation occurs. Therefore it‘s necessary to consider land reclamation for its effect on competitiveness in the market and development of agriculture in Šilutė region and Lithuania. Thus, it is useful to analyze inventory works of reclaimed lands and determine the most important indicators, which are actual now and for the future, while using reclaimed land and reclamation constructions. The average age of presently used reclamation constructions is up to 35 years. The owners of lands do not have enough money to use and maintain reclamation constructions properly, so their condition becomes worse very fast... [to full text]
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Narunec, Ruslan. "Melioracijos statinių būklės analizė Vilniaus rajone." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090114_154203-73179.
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Magistrantūros studijų baigiamajame darbe analizuojama melioruotų žemių ir melioracijos statinių būklė. Tyrimai buvo atlikti Vilniaus rajone, pagal Lietuvos Respublikos žemės ūkio ministerijos duomenis. Rajone nusausinta 43224,8 ha arba 67,8 % šlapių žemių fondo - 56269 ha.
Nuo 1960 iki 2008 metų drenažu nusausinta 39061,4 ha. Daugiausia žemių drenuota 1976-1980 metais - daugiau kaip po 1800 ha per metus. Mažiausiai naudoti atiduota 1996-2000 metais – iš viso 155,7 ha. Iki 1980 metų Vilniaus rajone žemių sausinimo darbų tempai didėjo, o nuo 1985 m. sumažėjo iki 1400 per metus, vėliau darbų kiekiai tapo dar mažesni. Nuo 2000 m. nebuvo vykdomos naujos statybos.
2006 m. atlikus Vilniaus rajone melioruotų žemių ir melioracijos statinių būklės tyrimus nustatyta, kad geros būklės melioruotos žemės ir melioracijos statinių techninė būklė kasmet blogėja. Skirtų biudžeto lėšų melioracijos darbams nepakanka, kad užtikrintų jų gerą būklę. Norint Vilniaus rajone palaikyti gerą melioruotos žemės ir melioracijos statinių būklę, valstybė turėtų skirti metams 4 mln. Lt, t.y. 4 kartus daugiau lėšų, nei skiriama dabar.
Šiandien esamų melioracijos statinių vidutinis amžiaus vidurkis siekia 35 metus. Žemės savininkai neturi lėšų tinkamai naudoti ir prižiūrėti melioracijos statinių, todėl jų techninė būklė sparčiai prastėja.
Melioracijos statiniai teikia naudą žemdirbiams, kaimo gyventojams ir visai visuomenei. Nenorintis ar nepajėgiantis savo žemėje tvarkyti ir prižiūrėti drenažo, ūkininkas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The condition of reclaimed lands and of land reclamation hydraulic structures was analyzed in the final work of master studies. Research was carried out in the district of Vilnius. 43224,8 ha or 67,8% of the wetlands fund (56269 ha) have been reclaimed in the district. In the period of 1960-2008, 39061,4 ha were reclaimed and in the period of 1976-1980, 1800 ha per year were reclaimed. The smallest areas returned for the use were in 1996-2000, 155,7 ha per year and the largest areas returned for the use were in 1985, 1400 ha were reclaimed. From 2000, no new construction was carried out. With the help of the research of reclaimed lands and the condition of land reclamation hydraulic structures in Vilnius district, it was determined that the technical condition of land reclamation structures and reclaimed lands which was in good condition is now deteriorating every year. The grant committed to the land reclamation works, issued by the Ministry of Agriculture, is not sufficient for ensuring that these structures remain in good condition. In order to maintain the good condition of reclaimed lands and land reclamation hydraulic structures situated in Vilnius district, the State should commit 4 million Lt during the year, i.e. a fourfold increase. At present, the average age of land reclamation hydraulic structures is 35 years old. Farmers do not have enough funds for the proper use and exploitation of land reclamation hydraulic structures, therefore, their condition is rapidly... [to full text]
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Purvinienė, Aušrinė. "Melioruotų žemių ir melioracijos statinių būklės analizė Utenos rajone." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070808.080721-97709.
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Magistratūros studijų baigiamajame darbe analizuojama melioruotų žemių ir melioracijos statinių būklė. Tyrimai buvo atlikti Utenos rajone. Rajone nusausinta 30625 ha arba 59,9 % nuo šlapių žemių fondo – 51130,95 ha.
Nuo 1966 iki 1990 metų drenažu nusausinta 28564 ha, o nuo 1991 iki 1995 metų – 1570 ha ploto. Daugiausiai žemių drenuota 1970, 1971 ir 1975 metais – daugiau kaip po 1400 ha į metus. Mažiausiai naudoti atiduota 1994 metais – 298 ha, o daugiausiai 1975 metais – 1800 ha. Iki 1975 metų žemių sausinimo darbų tempai Utenos rajone didėjo, o vėliau sulėtėjo.
Melioruotų žemių ir melioracijos statinių būklės tyrimais Utenos rajone nustatyta, kad geros būklės melioruotos žemės ir melioracijos statinių techninė būklė kasmet blogėja. Žemės ūkio ministerijos lėšų skirtų melioracijos darbams nepakanka, kad užtikrintų jų gerą būklę. Norint Utenos rajone palaikyti gerą melioruotos žemės ir melioracijos statinių būklę, valstybė turėtų skirti metams 2 mln. Lt. t.y. du kartus daugiau lėšų nei dabar.
Šiandien, esamų melioracijos statinių vidutinis amžiaus vidurkis siekia 35 metus. Žmonės neturi lėšų tinkamai naudoti ir prižiūrėti melioracijos statinių, todėl jų techninė būklė sparčiai prastėja.
Melioracijos statiniai teikia naudą žemdirbiams, kaimo gyventojams ir visai visuomenei. Nenorintis ar nepajėgiantis savo žemėje tvarkyti ir prižiūrėti drenažo, ūkininkas kenkia ir kaimyno nusausintoms žemėms. Sunykti melioracijos statiniams jokiu būdu negalima leisti, nes jiems atstatyti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The condition state of reclaimed lands and land reclamation hydraulic structures was analysed in the final work of master studies. Researches were carried out in Utena district. 30625 ha or 59.9% of the wetlands fund (51130.95 ha) have been reclaimed in the district. In the period of 1966-1990 28564 ha of the total area have been reclaimed and in the period of 1991-1995 – 1570 ha, respectively. The largest areas of lands were reclaimed in 1970, 1971 and 1975, i.e. more than 1400 ha per year. The smallest areas returned for the use were in 1994 – 298 ha and the largest areas returned for the use were in 1975 – 1800 ha. By 1975 the speed of draining works in Utena district increased and later slowed down. With the help of the researches of reclaimed lands and the condition state of land reclamation hydraulic structures in Utena district it was determined that the technical condition of land reclamation structures and reclaimed lands that used to be in good condition is worsening every year. The means committed to the land reclamation works by the Ministry of Agriculture are not sufficient for the ensuring of the good condition state of these structures. In order to maintain the good condition of reclaimed lands and land reclamation hydraulic structures situated in Utena district the State should commit 2 million Lt per year, i.e. twice as much. At present the average age of land reclamation hydraulic structures reaches 35 years. People have not enough means for the proper use... [to full text]
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Dirsė, Vidas. "Melioracijos statinių būklės analizė Joniškio rajono savivaldybės teritorijoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090114_154049-30975.
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Joniškio rajono šlapių žemių fondas yra 98341 ha. Rajone nusausinta 80524,65 ha arba 81,9 % nuo šlapių žemių fondo. Darbo tikslas: Išanalizuoti ir įvertinti melioruotų žemių, bei statinių būklę Joniškio rajono savivaldybės teritorijoje.
Pagal atliktos 2006 metų inventorizacijos duomenų analizę melioruotas žemės plotas įskaitant plotą sausinamą drenažu nuo1987 metų padidėjo 1232,64 ha kas sudaro 1,55 %. Blogos būklės plotas sudaro 4490,99 ha iš kurių numatoma rekonstruoti 3190,76 ha., remontuoti 1083,04 ha. ir nurašyti 217,19 ha. Didžiausi pažeidimai melioruotame plote: užmirkęs drenuotas plotas, žemės ūkio naudmenos neveikiančio drenažo plote ir drenuotas plotas užstatytas statiniais, kur nutiesti keliai ar kitos komunikacijos. Blogai veikiančio drenažo plotas sudaro 6 % viso drenuoto žemės ploto.
2006 metų inventorizacijos duomenimis magistralinių griovių Joniškio rajone yra 1230,0 km. Bloga būklė sudaro 357,64 km., tai sudaro 29 %. Didžiausi pažeidimai: vaga užaugusi medžiais ir krūmais, vaga užnešta nešmenimis ir patvenkta vaga.
Išanalizavus 2006 metų inventorizavimo duomenis paaiškėjo, kad pralaidų būklė Joniškio rajone yra bloga: 56 % jų blogos būklės. Pagrindinės pažeidimų priežastys: pažeistos vietinių įgriuvų, įgriuvę antgaliai, apirę betoniniai elementai.
Šiandien, esamų melioracijos statinių vidutinis amžiaus vidurkis siekia 35 metus. Neturint lėšų, tinkamai naudoti ir prižiūrėti melioracijos statinių neimanoma, todėl jų techninė būklė sparčiai prastėja.
... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Wet territory corpus is 98341ha in Joniskis district. 80524,65 ha or 81,9 % of the wetlands fund have been reclaimed in the district. Main job goal is to inspect existing melioration building’s condition in the local government’s territory of the Joniskis district. According inventorisation data analysis accomplished in 2006 improved land’s area, including drained area become bigger from 1987, 1232,64 ha has structure 1,55 %. Quantity of building’s in bad shape has structured 4490,99 ha from which 3190,76 ha have been reconstructed, also 1083,04 ha have been reconditioned and 217,19 ha have been discarded as unusable. Most common drainage system break is influated by new buildings, roads and communication systems. The malfunction of the drainage area has structure 6 % of all land area. According inventorisation of 2006 have emerged that main roads in the Joniskis district are 1230,0 km. Bad condition has structured 357,64 km, it is 29%. Most common drainage system breaks are: the main canal, which is overgrown by trees and scrubs, also main canal is choked up by outwashes and affluented. According inventorisation were done become clear that overflows are in bad shape in the district of Joniskis city; that is 56 % of all them bad condition. The major reasons of breaks are: local failures are damaged, also the snouts are tumbled and finally the details of concrete are broke up. At present the average age of land reclamation hydraulic structures reaches 35 years. People... [to full text]
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Kubina, Jiří. "Studie rekonstrukce železničních stanic Jindřichov na Moravě a Branná." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226638.
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The master thesis "Upgrading of Jindřichov na Moravě and Branná Railway Stations" deals with designing new platforms that are suitable for people with reduced mobility in accordance with applicable laws and standards. Platforms with the platform edge height of 550 millimetres above the top of rail were designed. The speed limit was increased from the original 40 km/h up to 50 km/h. Moreover, the thesis design reconstruction of railway superstructure and railway substructure and deal with the drainage system.
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Francová, Aneta. "Rekonstrukce železniční stanice Jeseník." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227777.
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The master thesis "Upgrading of Jeseník Railway Stations" deals with designing new platform that is suitable for people with reduced mobility in accordance with applicable laws and standards. Platform with the platform edge height of 550 millimetres above the top of rail were designed. The speed limit was increased. Moreover, the thesis design reconstruction of railway superstructure and railway substructure and deal with the drainage system.
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Lindquist, Thérese. "Undersökning av mängden organiskt kol i ett område med sura sulfatjordar i Kristianstads kommun." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-89373.
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I Fredriksdalsvikens naturreservat i Kristianstads kommun skedde omfattande metalläckage efter en översvämning sommaren 2007 som orsakade skador på djur- och växtliv. De kraftiga metalläckagen misstänks härledas till sura sulfatjordar. Sura sulfatjordar tillhör de miljöskadligaste jordarna i världen på grund av de kraftiga metalläckagen och försurningen som jordarna orsakar till omgivningen. Mot bakgrund till humusämnens centrala roll för metalltransport i naturliga miljöer, syftade denna studie till att kartlägga hur organiskt kol är fördelat, sprids samt hur det kan förklaras i ett område nära det drabbade naturreservatet. Studien är en del av ett pågående forskningsprojekt i området som bedrivs på Linnéuniversitetet. I studiens undersökningsområde dominerar jordbruksmark som dräneras av ett dikessystem från norr till söder. Vattnet som avleds i dikessystemet pumpas slutligen till en våtmark i Fredriksdalsvikens naturreservat. I studien analyserades jord från åkermark, dikessediment, porvatten och dikesvatten från området på totalt organiskt kol med metoderna glödförlust och kyvett-test. Totalhalterna jämfördes med pH och grundvattennivå i åkermark. Resultat och slutsatser av studien är att högst halter löst organiskt kol uppmättes i dikesvattnet uppströms i dikessystemet och beror troligtvis på bottenfauna som inte växer i andra delar av systemet. I dikessediment ökar den organiska halten nedströms i dikessystemet och kan förklaras genom tillförsel av organiskt kol från två diken som dränerar åkermark rik på organiskt kol. De högsta halterna organiskt kol i jord beror på ett tunt torvlager. I åkermark visar inte resultaten någon tydlig statistisk korrelation mellan pH och totalt organiskt kol, men kraftig pH-sänkning tillsammans med höga totalhalter organiskt kol i torvjord beror troligtvis snarare på humusämnen än på sur sulfatjord. I åkermark väster om dikessystemet ökar den organiska halten med djupet under grundvattenytan. I samma åkermark ökar halterna av totalt organiskt kol lateralt mot dikessystemet, parallellt med att pH sjunker som troligen påverkas av starkare bindningsmekanismer till mineral, lägre mikrobiell aktivitet och minskad urlakning av löst organiskt kol. Men fler undersökningar i området krävs då markanvändning, erosion, jordarternas textur och sammansättning samt vattnets spridningsvägar också är avgörande faktorer för fördelning och spridning av organiskt kol i naturliga miljöer.In the nature reserve Fredriksdalsviken in Kristianstad municipality, extensive metal leakage occurred after a flood in the summer of 2007 that caused damage to wildlife and plant life. The heavy metal leaks are suspected to be derived from acid sulphate soils in the area. Acid sulphate soils are among the most environmentally harmful soils in the world due to its extensive acidification and leaching of metals to the environment. In the light of humic substances key role for metal transport in natural environments, this study aimed to investigate how organic carbon is distributed, spread and how it can be explained in an area near the affected nature reserve. The study is part of an ongoing research project in the area conducted at Linnaeus University. The study area is dominated by agriculture land which is drained by a ditch system from north to south. The drained water in the ditch system is finally pumped to a wetland in the Fredriksdalsviken nature reserve. In the area, total organic carbon was analysed on soil from arable land, ditch sediment, pore water and ditch water with the methods loss of ignition and cuvette-test. Total levels were compared with pH and the groundwater level in arable land. The results and conclusions of the study are that the highest content of dissolved organic carbon in the ditch water upstream the ditch system is probably due to benthic fauna that doesn’t grow in other parts of the system. In the ditch sediment, the organic content increases downstream in the ditch system and can be explained by the supply of organic carbon from two ditches that drain arable land rich in organic carbon. In arable land are the highest levels of organic carbon due to a thin peat layer. The results does not show a clear statistical correlation between pH and total organic carbon in soil, but a sharp decrease in pH together with high total levels of organic carbon in peat soil is probably due to humic substances rather than to acid sulphate soil. In the western arable land of the ditch system, levels of total organic carbon increase laterally towards the ditch system at the same time as the pH decreases, which is probably affected by stronger binding mechanisms to minerals, lower microbial activity and reduced leaching of dissolved organic carbon. However, more research is required in the study area, since land use, erosion, soil texture and constitution together with the flow paths of water also are crucial factors for the distribution and pathways of organic carbon in natural environments.
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Chambers, Lucy W. "A field evaluation of drainage ditches as barriers to contaminant migration." 1990. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/23601355.html.
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TICHÁNEK, Filip. "Ecology of endangered damselfly \kur{Coenagrion ornatum} in post-mining streams in relation to their restoration." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-204491.
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The thesis explores various aspects of ecology of endangered damselfly Coenagrion ornatum, the specialists for lowland headwaters, in post-mining streams of Radovesicka spoil. The first part of thesis is manuscript which has been already submitted in Journal of Insect Conservation. In the first part, we focused on population estimate of the local population using capture-recapture method, and explored its habitat requirements across life stages and spatial scales. In the next part, I assess mobility of the focal species and reveals basic distribution patterns. Finally, the thesis suggest various implications for restoration of post-mining freshwaters and conservation of the studied species.
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Abit, Sergio Manacpo. "Evaluation of subsurface solute transport and its contribution to nutrient load in the drainage ditches prior to restoration of a Carolina Bay." 2005. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11152005-183644/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
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Bennett, Erin R. [Verfasser]. "Fate and effects of insecticides in vegetated agricultural drainage ditches and constructed wetlands : a valuables approach in risk mitigation = Verbleib und Wirkung von Insektiziden in landwirtschaftlichen Entwässerungsgräben und künstlichen Feuchtgebieten / von Erin R. Bennett." 2006. http://d-nb.info/979531624/34.
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Albert, Arnaud. "Mécanismes de propagation du roseau commun envahisseur au Québec." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19564.
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BOHDAL, Tomáš. "Drobní zemní savci podél přirozených a antropogenních krajinných bariér." Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-81300.
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The dissertation summarises the result of the study of small terrestrial mammals (Eulipotyphla, Rodentia) along natural (watercourses) and anthropogenic (road, highway) landscape barriers. It points to an interesting phenomenon of road drainage ditches as a transitional migration environment, further it assesses the level of locomotion activity, the rate of structure of subpopulations and the frequency of crossing watercourses in the case of selected rodent species. It contributes with its results to solving problems concerning the effect of these landscape structures on the species diversity, ground mobility or genetic structure of small terrestrial mammals. ˙˙˙˙
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Phillips, Brian David. "Methods to predict the lateral effect of a drainage ditch on adjacent wetland hydrology." 2006. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04282006-131958/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
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Dhun, Kimberly Anne. "Application of LiDAR DEMs to the modelling of surface drainage patterns in human modified landscapes." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/2969.
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Anthropogenic infrastructure such as roads, ditches and culverts have strong impacts on hydrological processes, particularly surface drainage patterns. Despite this, these structures are often not present in the digital elevation models (DEMs) used to provide surface drainage data to hydrological models, owing to the coarse spatial resolution of many available DEMs. Modelling drainage patterns in human-modified landscapes requires very accurate, high-resolution DEM data to capture these features. Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) is a remote sensing technique that is used for producing DEMs with fine resolutions that can represent anthropogenic landscapes features such as human modifications on the landscape such as roadside ditches. In these data, roads act as a barrier to flow and are treated as dams, where on the ground culverts and bridges exist. While possible to locate and manually enforce flow across these roads, there is currently no automated technique to identify these locations and perform flow enforcement. This research improves the modelling of surface drainage pathways in rural anthropogenic altered landscapes by utilizing a novel algorithm that identifies ditches and culverts in LiDAR DEMs and enforces flow through these features by way of breaching. This breaching algorithm was tested on LiDAR datasets for two rural test sites in Southern Ontario. These analyses showed that the technique is an effective tool for efficiently incorporating ditches and culverts into the hydrological analysis of a landscape that has both a gradient associated with it, as well as a lack of densely forested areas. The algorithm produced more accurate representations of both overland flow when compared to outputs that excluded these anthropogenic features all together.
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Paradis, Étienne. "Effet de la salinité sur la compétition entre le roseau (Phragmites australis) et les quenouilles (Typha spp.)." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8128.
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MARKOVÁ, Dana. "Návrh projektové dokumentace polní cesty konkrétně zohledňující retenci a akumulaci vody v rámci pozemkové úpravy." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-154439.
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The goal of this thesis is to draft a project documentation of the new field road reflecting water retention and accumulation within the complex land consolidation. Territory, suitable for the construction of this new field road, is located in the foothills of the Novohradské hory, about 12 km southeast of the village Trhové Sviny. The chosen location with local names "U hrušky" and "Na 22 hektarech" is located in the eastern part of the cadastral area Dlouhá Stropnice. Proposed practical solution of project documentation of side field road design category P4,0/30 completed with a suitable alternative drainage is based on the theoretical summary of the literature review in this thesis. Other objects - fall culverts and landscaping the surrounding areas are included in the conception of project proposal. An integral part and basis for making the draft was field survey and subsequent analysis of the current status of the affected area.