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Journal articles on the topic 'Dravidian Architecture'

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1

Anil, Ar Seema. "Emerging Architectural Paradigms in South Indian Temples: A Chronological Analysis." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 07, no. 12 (2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem27853.

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This research delves into the intricate evolution of Indian temple architecture, spanning centuries of cultural and religious transformations. Originating in the Vedic/Aryan civilization, worship centered on natural elements with a simple square altar. A pivotal shift occurred with the introduction of idol worship, marking the genesis of temple architecture evolution. Initially, rock-cut structures featured a garbagriha and semi-open portico, retaining the windowless garbagriha from rock-cut temples. The Chalukya era saw experimentation, notably at Durga in Aihole and Pattadakal, earning the l
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Yalala, Shivanand. "Unique Features of Dravidian Architecture in India: A Retrospect." Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 10, no. 2 (2019): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2321-5828.2019.00083.4.

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Saaya, Ann Jacob, and Nischay N. Gowda Dr. "Nalukettu homes of Kerala: Making Vastu shastra an art of living." International Journal of Advance Research in Multidisciplinary 2, no. 3 (2024): 28–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12672919.

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This paper explores the architectural and cultural significance of Nalukettu homes in Kerala, emphasizing their role in integrating Vastu Shastra principles into daily living. Nalukettu, the traditional quadrangular mansion of Kerala, is a unique representation of Dravidian architecture that harmonizes with the tropical environment and sociocultural context of the region. The study delves into the structural design, spatial organization, and symbolic elements of Nalukettu homes, highlighting how Vastu Shastra guidelines have been historically embedded to promote well-being, harmony, and sustai
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Dalpati, Rachita. "A Study of Vernacular Architecture of Tamil Nadu." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 04 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem30030.

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This research study examines the rich legacy of vernacular architecture in Tamil Nadu, India, with an emphasis on its historical relevance, architectural features, and sustainable practices. Tamil Nadu's vernacular architecture has a wide spectrum of forms, from major Dravidian temples to simple the village houses. These structures provide not just functional needs, but also represent the communities' cultural identity and religious values. Furthermore, vernacular architecture in Tamil Nadu is highly sensitive to the local environment, with buildings planned to maximize natural ventilation, li
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Branfoot, Crispin. "Architectural knowledge and the ‘Dravidian’ temple in colonial Madras Presidency." Architectural Research Quarterly 26, no. 1 (2022): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135522000343.

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In around 1912 Gabriel Jouveau-Dubreuil, a young science teacher from French colonial Pondicherry in South India, visited the nearby town of Cuddalore in order to inspect the construction of a new Hindu temple. Since arriving in South India in 1909 he had been travelling to many temples and archaeological sites in order to understand the history of South Indian art. The modern temple that he visited in a suburb of Cuddalore at Tiruppappuliyur was not in fact new but a wholesale renovation of a nine-hundred-year-old shrine on a site sacred to Tamil Shaivas. This was just one of the many temples
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R., Vennila, and A. Srinivasan Dr. "THE CHOLA ARCHITECTURE: A DRAVIDAN STYLE GLEAND FROM KAILASANATHA TEMPLE AT SEMBIANMAHADEVI." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research in Arts and Humanities 2, no. 2 (2017): 121–24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1037381.

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Architecture plays a significant role in the socio economic, and cultural life of any society. It helps us trace the historical changes and the reciprocal influence between different socio cultural units. In this context, the temples of medieval Tamil Nadu deserve special consideration because the interrelationship of the styles of their constructing and the changes introduced by the various ruling dynasties of the Tamil country in the growth and development the temple art and architecture in that region. Temple architecture in Tamil Nadu is largely indebted to the patronage of the Tamil kings
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Ramalingam, Arulraj. "Review on Ancient Tamil Architecture: A Immortal Heritage of Creativity and Artistic Perfection." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 11, no. 4 (2024): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v11i4.7348.

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Ancient Tamil architecture spans millennia, and it is an acknowledgement of the rich cultural and creative legacy of the Tamil people and Tamil community. Originating from the Sangam period (300 BCE to 300 CE) the architecture of Tamil Nadu is deeply intertwined with the rich cultural, social, and political developments that shaped the region over centuries. The architectural legacy of Tamil Nadu, best known for its Dravidian-style temples, has taken shape throughout different periods, leaving a unique imprint on the terrain. Also, ancient Tamil architecture is characterized by its use of gran
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Supriya, Musica, U. Dinesh Acharya, and Ashalatha Nayak. "Enhancing Neural Machine Translation Quality for Kannada–Tulu Language Pairs through Transformer Architecture: A Linguistic Feature Integration." Designs 8, no. 5 (2024): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs8050100.

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The rise of intelligent systems demands good machine translation models that are less data hungry and more efficient, especially for low- and extremely-low-resource languages with few or no data available. By integrating a linguistic feature to enhance the quality of translation, we have developed a generic Neural Machine Translation (NMT) model for Kannada–Tulu language pairs. The NMT model uses Transformer architecture and a state-of-the-art model for translating text from Kannada to Tulu and learns based on the parallel data. Kannada and Tulu are both low-resource Dravidian languages, with
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Md., Sadequzzaman, Sabikunnahar, Ali Hossain Md., Rakib Abdur, and Akhter Marzia. "Aranyapur Pancharatna Temple: A Study of its Archaeological and Historical Significance in Cumilla, Bangladesh." International Journal of Social Science and Human Research 07, no. 08 (2024): 6082–88. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13368766.

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Ratna style temple architecture flourished in the Bengal Delta from the mid-17th century to the 19th century. Although there is a clear distinction between the Ratna style temples and the ancient Bengal temples built in the North Indian Nagara and South Indian Dravidian styles, a careful analysis of the architectural structure of the Ratna temples reveals influences from both North and South Indian temple architecture. The incorporation of Indo-Islamic architectural features into Ratna temples, as seen in other contemporary structures like mosques, palaces, and forts, has given this style its
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Dr., S. Rajagopal, and R. Praiya Dr. "Madurai Nayaka's Dilapidated Sri Varadaraja Perumal Temple at Maravapatti Village of Vadipatti Taluk - Architectural Engineering a Field Report." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT) 9, no. 2 (2024): 13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10683244.

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Temples are cultural houses that expose art and architecture. The strength of the temple is based on its maintenance, architectural material and environment. Constructing a temple; maintaining and preserving temple architecture is a very big task. Madurai Nayaks were Vaishnavites, but they extended their patronage to all the Hindu sects. They were busy  with people’s beliefs and constructed many Dravidian- style new temples in vital cities and rural villages. They extended many temple inner and outer prakaras, pillars mandapas; temple pounds. They repaired old temples and renovated
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T.Subasree. "Tiruvanthipuram Sri Devanathaswamy Temple – A Study." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 6, no. 2 (2018): 21–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1472670.

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Tiruvanthipuram is a small village situated in the South Arcot district, TamilNadu. It is seven kilometers west of Cuddalore. The headquarters of South Arcot district. Town buses ply between Cuddalore and tiruvanthipuram. Tiruvanthipuram is one of the hundred and eight divyadusas held in great reverence by the Vaishnavas. The presiding deity of the temple at tiruvanthipuram is Sri devanathaswamy. His consort is Sri hemambiyavalli, Sri  ramanujar,  Vedanta  besika  and  Pillai  Perumal  ayyangar  have  visited  the  shrine and composed vers
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Havanje, Janardhan Rao, and Caroline D’Souza. "Kaavi Kalé: The indigenous architectural ornamentation technique of the Konkan Coast, India." Journal of Traditional Building, Architecture and Urbanism, no. 1 (November 20, 2020): 383–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.51303/jtbau.vi1.365.

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At the foothills of the formidable Western Ghats of India lies a coastal strip of land, the Konkan Coast, which forms part of the extended coastline along the west coast of the country. The unique culture found in the Konkan coastal landscape has produced a magnificent ornamental style named Kaavi Kalé. Kaavi, or kavé, means in this context “red oxide”, while kalé means “art form”. It is fundamentally an incised work performed on an architectural surface that has been previously finished with lime plaster and then a red oxide layer over it. This forms elaborate murals and motifs inspired by th
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Rodriques ; Rahadhian P. Herwindo, Laurentius Nicholas. "COMPARISON OF FORMS AND TECTONICS OF OLD CLASSICAL ERA HINDU TEMPLE IN JAVA WITH HINDU TEMPLES OF PALLAVA ERA IN SOUTH INDIA." Riset Arsitektur (RISA) 4, no. 03 (2020): 306–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26593/risa.v4i03.3934.306-323.

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Abstract- Hindu temples in Java and Hindu temples in South India, often receive attention in the world of architecture due to the similarity of the Dravidian Architecture style of the temple in both places. The similarities are marked by the shape of a layered pyramid roof, yet it is not exactly similar if we observe all the architecture features and elements. The author tries to simplify the comparison of form and tectonics as seen from the general tectonic division of a building which are the feet, body and head. From the findings, it can be concluded that there are similarities in the 'basi
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Supriya, Musica, Dinesh Acharya Udupi, Ashalatha Nayak, and Arjuna Srirangapatna Raghavendra. "Developing a Hybrid Morphological Analyzer for Low-Resource Languages." Applied Sciences 15, no. 10 (2025): 5682. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15105682.

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Morphological analysis is the fundamental and preliminary task for Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications, which involve speech and language. Kannada is a low-resource language belonging to the Dravidian language family, which is highly agglutinative and morphologically rich in nature, where dataset development is happening rapidly due to the increasing demands of NLP tools. This study presents a hybrid approach that integrates rule-based and Transformer-based techniques, aiming to maximize their strengths while minimizing the respective limitations. In the Kannada language, the analys
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Deshmukh, Siddalingappa S. "Cultural Heritage and Environmental Justice of Kalyana Karnataka." International Journal of English and World Languages & Literature Paradigm Shift in International Research 2, no. 1 (2025): 5–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15016020.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> Kalyana Karnataka, a region in the northeastern part of Karnataka, is renowned for its rich cultural heritage and historical significance. This area, home to ancient dynasties such as the Rashtrakutas, Chalukyas, and Bahmani Sultanate, has witnessed a confluence of diverse cultural and architectural traditions. The region is dotted with magnificent historical sites, including the temples of Alampur, the fort of Gulbarga, and the Islamic architecture of Bidar, showcasing a blend of Dravidian, Indo-Islamic, and Persian styles. The vibrant folk traditions, festivals, and
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Deshmukh, Siddalingappa S. "Cultural Heritage and Environmental Justice of Kalyana Karnataka." International Journal of English and World Languages & Literature Paradigm Shift in International Research 2, no. 1 (2025): 5–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15043869.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> Kalyana Karnataka, a region in the northeastern part of Karnataka, is renowned for its rich cultural heritage and historical significance. This area, home to ancient dynasties such as the Rashtrakutas, Chalukyas, and Bahmani Sultanate, has witnessed a confluence of diverse cultural and architectural traditions. The region is dotted with magnificent historical sites, including the temples of Alampur, the fort of Gulbarga, and the Islamic architecture of Bidar, showcasing a blend of Dravidian, Indo-Islamic, and Persian styles. The vibrant folk traditions, festivals, and
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17

Karthik, S. Jai, Shajith Anoop, R. Suresh Kumar, and M. V. Usha Rani. "Predictors for Gingival Index in Middle-Aged Asian Indians with Type 2 Diabetes from South India: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study." Scientific World Journal 2018 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9081572.

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Asian Indians develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) much earlier as compared to White Caucasians, due to unique phenotypic and genetic architecture. Periodontitis in T2DM patients is often a neglected clinical feature. This study was conducted to derive predictor variables for gingival index in middle-aged Asian Indians with T2DM in a semiurban population of Dravidian ethnicity from Tamil Nadu, India. T2DM patients (n=232, mean age:50.6±10.4years) with periodontitis (n=123, mean age:54.3±2.4years) and without periodontitis (n=109, mean age:55.2±3.1years) were recruited between 2014 and 2016
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Mahbub, Ehsanul. "UNRAVELING BANGLADESH'S CULTURAL EVOLUTION IN THE LIGHT OF ITS ISLAMIC MIDDLE AGES: BRIDGING HISTORIES." Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities 10, no. 1 (2024): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.55327/jaash.v10i1.319.

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This research explores Bangladesh's historical and cultural evolution, specifically during its Islamic Middle Ages (1204–1757). Despite cultural affinities with the Indian subcontinent, Bangladesh's unique geographical features and diverse ethnographic amalgamation are often overlooked in prevailing narratives. The study seeks to uncover how Islam shaped the country's cultural identity during this historical period, addressing existing literature gaps and emphasising Muslims' contributions to Bangladesh's evolution. The research employs systematic observation, evaluation, and documentation usi
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Bakshi, Aarti, and Sunil Kumar Kopparapu. "A GMM supervector approach for spoken Indian language identification for mismatch utterance length." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 10, no. 2 (2021): 1114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v10i2.2861.

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Gaussian mixture model-universal background model (GMM UBM) supervectors are used to identify spoken Indian languages. The supervectors are calculated from short-time MFCC, its first and sec derivatives. The UBM builds a generalized Indian language model, and mean adaptation transforms it to a duration normalized language-specific GMM. Multi-class support vector machine and artificial neural network classifiers are used to identify language labels from the supervectors. Experimental evaluations are performed using 30 sec speech utterances from nine Indian languages comprised five Indo-Aryan an
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Nirmala, Chandrasekaran, Anand Dwarav, and Divya B.L. "Exploring the Ancient Temples of South India: A Review." International Journal of Current Science Research and Review 07, no. 12 (2024): 8704–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14268115.

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Abstract : South India is home to some of the most exquisite and architecturally significant temples in the world, dating back to the Pallava, Chola, Pandya, and Vijayanagar dynasties. These temples not only serve as places of worship but also as repositories of art, culture, and history. This review explores the historical evolution of South Indian temples, their architectural marvels, and the religious and cultural significance they hold. Key architectural features, such as gopurams, vimanas, and intricately carved mandapas, reflect the ingenuity of ancient craftsmen and their alignment with
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Скороходова, Т. Г. "ОПЫТ ОТКРЫТИЯ ИСТОРИИ ДРЕВНЕЙ ИНДИИ: ТРУДЫ РАДЖЕНДРОЛАЛА МИТРО И ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЕ СОЗНАНИЕ БЕНГАЛЬСКОГО ВОЗРОЖДЕНИЯ". Диалог со временем, № 90(90) (1 квітня 2025): 80–97. https://doi.org/10.21267/aquilo.2025.90.90.004.

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Основываясь на анализе исторических трудов бенгальского учёного, автор рассматривает достижения Раджендролала Митро в области исследования индийской истории. Первый профессиональный историк, он был носителем особого опыта научного «открытия Индии» и её истории в эпоху Бенгальского Возрождения. Митро преодолел традиционное индийское пренебрежение историей и отсутствие историописания с помощью европейского исторического подхода и методов. Он принимал во внимание все доступные источники по индийской истории – от священных и иных текстов до архитектуры и скульптуры – в своих скрупулёзных попытках
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Ms.Dalia, Varghese. "Divine Designs: The Evolution of Temple Art in Bharat." International Journal of History and Archaeology Research Studies (IJHARS) 1, no. 1 (2024): 31–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14499994.

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The evolution of temple art in Bharat has remarkably merged the ethos of culture, art and spirit over many centuries. In this article, the temple architecture has been traced from the early religious structures of the Indus Valley civilization to the magnificent monuments of the Gupta, Cholla and Vijayanagara periods. It highlights the main architectural styles-Nagara, Dravida and Vesara and their distinctive features illustrating the regional diversity in design, symbolisation and creativity. The study discusses the intricate carvings, motifs, and ornamentation of temples, which are often ove
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Romika, Bassin. "The Temple as a Tangible Heritage of India: A Living Testament to Culture, Spirituality, and Architecture." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS 07, no. 10 (2024): 4698–700. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13907663.

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The temples of India stand as a remarkable testimony to the nation&rsquo;s spiritual, cultural, and architectural heritage. This paper delves into the multifaceted role of temples as tangible heritage, tracing their evolution from the early Gupta period to the architectural marvels of the Chola and Chandela dynasties. It explores the architectural diversity across regions, from the Nagara and Dravida styles to the unique Kalinga and Vesara forms. Temples are not just religious spaces but have historically served as cultural, social, and economic centers, nurturing art, education, and local eco
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Sharma, Krishna Kant, and Aanchal. "Historical survey of main temples of Garhmukteshwar tehsil." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 7, no. 5 (2022): 162–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2022.v07.i05.024.

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Garhmukteshwar is a very ancient city and tehsil located in Hapur district of Uttar Pradesh state of India. It is said that this place was a part of the ancient city Hastinapur, the capital of the Kauravas. Due to its proximity to Delhi, Garhmukteshwar has always been a victim of invaders, due to which the ancient temples located here were destroyed and the architecture of those that remain is influenced by Mughal architecture. For centuries, religion has had a prominent place in the life of the people of India. There has been nothing like religion and for the sake of religious rituals, it was
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Dr., Ekula Venkata Padmaja. "Navabrahma Temple at Alampur." 'Journal of Research & Development' 15, no. 14 (2023): 4–6. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8241181.

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Alampur is situated in Mahabubnagar in (Andhra Pradesh) present in Telangana, it is famous for Saivate Kshtera and Devi Jogulamba as listed in Astadasa Sakti Pitas.&nbsp; This Alampur is famous for Navabrahma temples and is located on the left bank of river Tungabhadra, the temple at kudali Sangameswara was transplanted and erected at Alampur.&nbsp; The inscriptions and architecture belong to Chalukyas of Badami Kalyani, the Architecture of Alampur temple follows the Nagara tradition and Dravida tradition.
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Mrs.Deepa Rani. "True glimpses of Southern Sub-Continents of the India." international journal of engineering technology and management sciences 8, no. 2 (2024): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2024.v08i02.006.

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India is an Integral part of the Asian continent and it is the second largest country in this. Bharath is acknowledges world -wide for its unique peculiarities amalgamated with Tasty food, Good medicine, vast culture, noble literature, Marvelous Building Architecture Adventure. Southern States here are advanced developed fully equipped with sophisticated Technology. People lived in the six regions including Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Kerala and Union Territory Puddichhery, Culture, Tradition, festivals and rituals enjoyed commonly. Languages spoken Telugu, Tamil, Tulu, Ma
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Binumol Tom. "The Physicality and Spirituality of the Hindu Temples of Kerala." Creative Space 1, no. 2 (2014): 179–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/cs.2014.12004.

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Every culture can stir a type of architecture that can range from landmarks to everyday homes. History has proved that the various architectural styles have developed in response to climate, lifestyle, geology and geography of a place, religious philosophy of the people and availability of building materials. Religion and lifestyle seem to be the most common influences overall. Culture, in fact, underlines the important role that economics, politics, religion, heritage and the natural environment play in shaping the built environment. Kerala (the southern-most state of India), the land of temp
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Sinha, Ajay J., and Adam Hardy. "Indian Temple Architecture: Form and Transformation, the Karnata Dravida Tradition, 7th to 13th Centuries." Artibus Asiae 58, no. 3/4 (1999): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3250027.

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Kumar, Vinod. "Art and Architecture: North India and South India." Studies in Art and Architecture 3, no. 2 (2024): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.56397/saa.2024.06.27.

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The centuries between the eighth and the thirteenth stand out rather prominently from the point of view of the making of cultural traditions in India. The most arresting feature of these traditions is regionalism, which gets reflected in every sphere, whether it be the formation of political power or the development of arts or the transformations in languages and literature or even religious manifestations. In very general terms, the emergence of regional cultural units such as Andhra, Assam, Bengal, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, etc. was the outcome o
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Naibaho, Polin DR. "KAJIAN TIPOLOGI KUIL HINDU TAMIL PADA BANGUNAN GRAHA KATOLIK ANNAI VELANGKANNI DI MEDAN." ALUR : Jurnal Arsitektur 3, no. 1 (2020): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54367/alur.v3i1.676.

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The aim of this research is to identify the typology of Tamil Hindu temples were used on the architectural design of Graha Katolik Annai Velangkanni. As for the results of the research are Graha Katolik Annai Velangkanni adopted a form of Dravidian Tamil Hindu typology Style located in South India, with a pyramid-shaped tower with a shrink over the stair steps. It has seven levels of the building that symbolizes perfection and seven heavens, as well as three dome that symbolizes to Holy Trinity. One of the uniqueness in adopting the form of the Hindu Tamil Temple is in the zone of the altar (2
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-, Appana Lakshmi Sai Deepika, and Neeta Mishra -. "Symbolis of Shivai Temples in Dravid Architecture: Influenced by Dravidian style." International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research 6, no. 5 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2024.v06i05.27616.

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This paper focuses on studying different design features and concepts which act as symbolism in Dravid architecture. Then, historical methods that strike a balance between form and function as well as elements that have influenced the evolution of both historical and contemporary building methods. The earliest phases of Shiva temple construction began during the early Palava’s empire in southern India, and here is where Dravid architecture originated. Dravidian design characteristics are more commonly found in Shiva temples. Several design elements, such as historical significance, conceptuall
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Hande, Adeep, Siddhanth U. Hegde, and Bharathi Raja Chakravarthi. "Multi-task learning in under-resourced Dravidian languages." Journal of Data, Information and Management, June 13, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42488-022-00070-w.

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AbstractIt is challenging to obtain extensive annotated data for under-resourced languages, so we investigate whether it is beneficial to train models using multi-task learning. Sentiment analysis and offensive language identification share similar discourse properties. The selection of these tasks is motivated by the lack of large labelled data for user-generated code-mixed datasets. This paper works with code-mixed YouTube comments for Tamil, Malayalam, and Kannada languages. Our framework is applicable to other sequence classification problems irrespective to the size of the datasets. Exper
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Md. Sadequzzaman, Md Sadequzzaman, Sabikunnahar Sabikunnahar, Md Ali Hossain, Abdur Rakib, and Marzia Akhter. "Aranyapur Pancharatna Temple: A Study of its Archaeological and Historical Significance in Cumilla, Bangladesh." International Journal of Social Science and Human Research 7, no. 08 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v7-i08-32.

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Ratna style temple architecture flourished in the Bengal Delta from the mid-17th century to the 19th century. Although there is a clear distinction between the Ratna style temples and the ancient Bengal temples built in the North Indian Nagara and South Indian Dravidian styles, a careful analysis of the architectural structure of the Ratna temples reveals influences from both North and South Indian temple architecture. The incorporation of Indo-Islamic architectural features into Ratna temples, as seen in other contemporary structures like mosques, palaces, and forts, has given this style its
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Sundar, Arunima, Akshay Ramakrishnan, Avantika Balaji, and Thenmozhi Durairaj. "Hope Speech Detection for Dravidian Languages Using Cross-Lingual Embeddings with Stacked Encoder Architecture." SN Computer Science 3, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42979-021-00943-8.

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Dr. Kore Koteswara Rao and Dr. Ravi Kumar Kodali. "The Significance And Distinctiveness Of The Vaishnavite Temples Of The Vijayanagara In Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka And Tamil Nadu." Nanotechnology Perceptions, December 20, 2024, 3300–3310. https://doi.org/10.62441/nano-ntp.vi.5413.

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The Vaishnavite temple of the Vijayanagara Empire spanning Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamilnadu represents a unique confluence of spiritual devotions, architectural brilliance and regional cultural synthesis. These temples are significant for their rule in promoting Vaishnavism as a unifying spiritual and cultural force in South India, showcasing the exceptional blend of Dravidian architecture, intricate Carvings and thematic representations of Lord Vishnu's various incarnations, Such as Rama, Krishna and Venkateshwa reinforcing the bhakti tradition. The temples such as Sri Venkateswara Tem
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P Srinivasan, U., M. Gnanasekar, Mukund Mundra, Aniket Payagude, and Krishnamoorthy Krishnamoorthy. "LAPAROSCOPIC VERSUS ROBOTIC RESECTION WITHOUT SPLENIC FLEXURE MOBILIZATION FOR RECTAL CANCER: A SINGLE-INSTITUTION EVALUATION OF OUTCOMES." PARIPEX INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH, March 15, 2023, 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36106/paripex/6202327.

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Background Splenic flexure mobilization has been considered the standard of practice in cases of low anterior resection;however,it has been observed in southern Indian state population, splenic flexure mobilization is may not be necessary for all patients of Dravidian ethnicity. Methods We evaluated the 26 patientswho underwent Laparoscopic Reconstituting Subtotal cholecystectomy during July 2019 to Jan 2022. Preoperative parameters (Age, Gender, diagnosis,location of tumor and Neoadjuvant therapy) and postoperative parameters (Duration of surgery,Hospital Stay, complications, recurrence of ma
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Singh, Sushma, and Aastha Singh. "From Trees to Towers: The Forgotten Continuum Between Sacred Groves ,Tribal and Vedic Roots of Indian Architecture." International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research 7, no. 3 (2025). https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i03.47137.

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Well-known monuments like the Brihadeshwara temple in Tamil Nadu or the Kandariya Mahadeva temple in Khajuraho are often used to explain Indian temple architecture's history. Nevertheless, this view hides the deeper, often untold story of how sacred places in India evolved from simple tribal altars and animistic groves to the sophisticated architectural expressions of the Nagara and Dravida styles. Instead of beginning with the classical Gupta or Chalukya temples, this study traces earlier sacred practices rooted in megalithic and tribal rituals, aiming to reveal enduring symbolic and spatial
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Hardy, Adam. "Re-creation and self-creation in temple design." Architectural Research Quarterly, April 22, 2022, 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135522000082.

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The article discusses an approach taken for the design of a new temple in Karnataka, India, to be built in the medieval ‘Hoysala’ style, which followed the Karnata Dravida tradition of temple architecture. This style is unfamiliar to present-day traditional temple builders in India. The design needs to be based on research into architectural history, of a kind that aims to relive the processes through which temples were designed, assimilating the architectural language and its principles. This kind of architectural history involves re-creation, and this kind of design can contribute to archite
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Varghese, Ms Dalia. "Divine Designs: The Evolution of Temple Art in Bharat." International Journal of History and Archaeology Research Studies (IJHARS), December 18, 2024, 31–35. https://doi.org/10.63090/ijhars/3049.1622.0005.

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The evolution of temple art in Bharat has remarkably merged the ethos of culture, art and spirit over many centuries. In this article, the temple architecture has been traced from the early religious structures of the Indus Valley civilization to the magnificent monuments of the Gupta, Cholla and Vijayanagara periods. It highlights the main architectural styles-Nagara, Dravida and Vesara and their distinctive features illustrating the regional diversity in design, symbolisation and creativity. The study discusses the intricate carvings, motifs, and ornamentation of temples, which are often ove
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Kumar, Manoj. "AN ANALYSIS OF TECHNIQUES, MATERIALS, AND STYLES OF TEMPLE CONSTRUCTION IN THE POST-GUPTA PERIOD: AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL STUDY." ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts 5, no. 1 (2024). https://doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v5.i1.2024.4911.

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The post-Gupta period (circa 600 CE to 900 CE) marks a significant transitional phase in Indian temple architecture, characterized by regional diversification, technical refinement, and stylistic innovations. This study seeks to analyze the key architectural techniques, construction materials, and stylistic elements employed in temple construction during this era, drawing primarily on archaeological evidence from various parts of the Indian subcontinent. The research examines the shift from early Gupta prototypes to more elaborate and regionally distinct styles, including the Nagara (North Ind
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Bassin, Romika. "The Temple as a Tangible Heritage of India: A Living Testament to Culture, Spirituality, and Architecture." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS 07, no. 10 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v7-i10-14.

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The temples of India stand as a remarkable testimony to the nation’s spiritual, cultural, and architectural heritage. This paper delves into the multifaceted role of temples as tangible heritage, tracing their evolution from the early Gupta period to the architectural marvels of the Chola and Chandela dynasties. It explores the architectural diversity across regions, from the Nagara and Dravida styles to the unique Kalinga and Vesara forms. Temples are not just religious spaces but have historically served as cultural, social, and economic centers, nurturing art, education, and local economies
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K, Santhosh Kumar, and K. K. Thanammal. "CULTURAL HERITAGE AND RELIGIOUS PRACTICES: THE ROLE OF PARTHIVAPURAM SREE PARTHASARATHI TEMPLE IN KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT." ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts 5, no. 2 (2024). https://doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v5.i2.2024.3812.

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In the Kanyakumari district, the Parthivapuram Sree Parthasarathi Temple is a representation of the rich religious and cultural legacy of South India. The temple, which was constructed under the Travancore kings' control, is a striking example of Dravidian architectural genius and the region's surviving spiritual culture. The temple, which is devoted to Lord Krishna, serves as a centre for community involvement and cultural preservation in addition to being a place of worship. This essay explores the temple's artistic and architectural value, historical beginnings, and function in maintaining
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-, Dr K. S. Patil. "Architectural Terms in the Epigraphs of the Panchalingeshwar Temple at Huli." International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research 5, no. 6 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2023.v05i06.8759.

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The Panchalingesvara temple at Huli (Saundatti Taluk, Belgaum District, Karnataka ) is a temple of Dravida form with an unusual plan . It has a long rectangular garbhagriha, with its longer axis running north-south, which opens into a similar common gudhamandapa through three doorways. This garbhagriha is long enough to carry three superstructures in a line (PI. 1). There are two additional garbhagrihas connected to and flanking the gudhamandapa on the north and the south sides. These also carry a superstructure each. The gudhamandapa opens into a large open pillared agramandapa on the east. T
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Harini, Kumar. "Tamil Muslims." Database of Religious History, June 27, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12573859.

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Tamil Muslims are a community in southern India who practice Islam. Although a very diverse group, they share some common religious, cultural, and linguistic affinities. They are primarily located in Tamil Nadu, India, with populations spread across India, Sri Lanka, South East Asia, Gulf Cooperation Countries (GCC), and the United States. Muslims in Tamil Nadu are not a monolithic community; they speak multiple languages (mainly Tamil, Urdu, Telugu, and Bohri Gujarati), and have diverse histories and practices. This entry primarily focuses on Tamil-speaking Muslims in India. Islam has a long
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