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Björklund, Andreas, and Viktor Ljunggren. "Förbättring av ritningshantering hos ABB Industrial Automation Control Technologies." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-360117.
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Cost of poor quality describes what the lack of quality costs an organization. By understanding what the concept is and how it can be translated into a specific organization, it creates the conditions for eliminating them, and it can generate a saving of up to 30% of the organization's turnover. The study has been carried out at ABB Industrial Automation Control Technologies in Västerås within the group ABB AB. This work has focused on visualizing the problem and how it could be attacked. The purpose of the thesis is, "… to generate evidence about the management of drawings, as well as to propose measures that can improve this process. The aim is also to help ensure that there is a process where suppliers always produce based on the right and most recent edition. " The processes of drawing management have been visualized based on information from interviews, observations and secondary data that have been based on information from routines together with governing documents. Thereafter, deficiencies in this drawing management process have been identified and also the causes. The result from the thesis is a process mapping with identified shortcomings and the causes of these. A specification has been prepared for guidelines on how ABB Industrial Automation Control Technologies will work with improvements on this process.Kvalitetsbristkostnader beskriver vad avsaknaden av kvalitet kostar en organisation. Genom att förstå vad begreppet är och hur det kan översättas till en specifik organisation skapas förutsättningarna för att eliminera dessa samt på så sätt spara upp till 30 % av organisationens omsättning. Studien har genomförts på ABB Industrial Automation Control Technologies i Västerås inom koncernen ABB AB. ABB Industrial Automation Control Technologies har en förståelse om vad kvalitetsbristkostnader är och därmed har ett problemområde presenterats. Detta arbete har inriktats på att visualisera problemet samt hur det skulle kunna angripas. Examensarbetets syfte är, ”Avsikten med detta arbete är att generera underlag kring hantering av ritningar samt att även föreslå åtgärder som kan förbättra denna hantering. Syftet är även att bidra till säkerställandet av att ha en process där leverantörer alltid producerar efter rätt och senaste upplaga av ritningar.” Processen ritningshantering har visualiserats baserat på information från intervjuer, observationer samt baserat på sekundärdata som information om befintliga rutiner och styrande dokument. Därefter har brister inom denna ritningshanteringsprocess identifierats samt medföljande orsaker åskådliggjorts. Studiens resultat är en processkartläggning med identifierade brister och orsakerna till bristerna. En kravspecifikation har tagits fram som skapar grunden till förbättringsarbetet som ABB Industrial Automation Control Technologies står inför.
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Mahmood, A. "Automatic drawing recognition." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381072.
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Ding, Chen. "Computer formal drawings and their automation." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1055359112.
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Aspegren, Villiam. "CluStic – Automatic graph drawing with clusters." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-179251.
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Finding a visually pleasing layout from a set of vertices and edges is the goal of automatic graph drawing. A requirement that has been barely explored however, is that users would like to specify portions of their layouts that are not altered by such algorithms. For example the user may have put a lot of manual effort into fixing a portion of a large layout and, while they would like an automatic layout applied to most of the layout, they do not want their work undone on the portion they manually fixed earlier. CluStic, the system developed and evaluated in this thesis, provides this capability. CluStic maintain the internal structure of a cluster by giving it priority over other elements in the graph. After high priority element has been positioned, non-priority vertices may be placed at the most appropriate remaining positions. Furthermore CluStic produces layouts which also maintain common aesthetic criteria: edge crossing minimization, layout height and edge straightening. Our method in this thesis is to first conduct an initial exploration study where we cross compare four industrial tools: Cytogate, GraphDraw, Diagram.Net and GraphNet. A set of layouts are generated with these tools and the user is timed on a task to identify the longest path. Through this exploration study we develop out intuition and determined that Cytogate is the best performing tool for longest path identification. Given this experience we fully develop CluStic and conduct our main study where we cross compare it with Cytogate and a baseline Breadth-first Search algorithm. Results show that CluStic produces drawings of good quality, Clustic achieves a visualization efficiency score of 1,4 which is an increase compared to the BFS layout (-3,8). CluStic is outperformed by Cytogate which achieves a visualization efficiency score of 1,9 and therefore produces less visually pleasing drawings. However Clustic, unlike Cytogate can preserve initial static structures, thus when a graph contains elements in which their position cannot be altered CluStic is a better choice.Målet med automatiserad grafritning är att utifrån en uppsättning noder och kanter hitta en layout som är visuellt tillfredställande. Ett delområde som inte utforskats nog är möjligheten till att låsa vissa komponenter i grafen som sedan inte får alterneras av grafritningsalgoritmen. En användare som exempel, strukturerar vissa delar av grafen manuellt och applicerar sedan automatisk layout av resterande element utan att förstöra den struktur som manuellt skapats. CluStic, grafritningsverktyget som skapats och utvärderats i denna masters uppsats fyller denna funktion. CluStic bevarar den interna strukturen för ett kluster genom att tilldela en högre prioritet för noder i klustret med avseende på övriga element i grafen. Efter att högprioritets element placerats tilldelas resterande element sina bäst tillgängliga positioner. Utöver detta så uppfyller CluStic några av de vanligaste estetiska mål inom grafritning: minimera antalet kantkorsningar, minimera höjden, och räta ut kanter. Metoden som används i denna master uppsatts var att först gör en inledande studie där vi undersöker fyra populära grafritnings verktyg: Cytogate, GraphDraw, Diagram.Net och GraphNet. En uppsättning grafer genereras av dessa verktyg och vi mäter hur lång tid det tar för en användare att hitta den längsta vägen i grafen. Genom denna studie konstaterar vi att Cytogate presenterade grafer med best kvalitet. Från kunskap samlad i den inledande studien utvecklar vi CluStic och utför uppsatsens huvud studie där vi jämför CluStic med avseende på Cytogate och en bas layout Breddenförst algoritm. CluStic uppnår ett visualiserings effektivitetsvärde på 1,4 vilket är en ökning jämtemot Bredden-först algoritmen (-3,8). CluStic levererar inte layouter som är mer visuellt tillfredställande än de som skapats av Cytogate som får ett visualiserings effektivitetsvärde på 1,9. CluStic tillskillnad från Cytogate bevarar den internt fixa strukturen mellan element med hög prioritet vilket gör CluStic till det bättre verktyget för grafer med statiska element.
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Bunn, Tristan. "An automatic marker for vector graphics drawing tasks." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23464.
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In recent years, the SVG file format has grown increasingly popular, largely due to its widespread adoption as the standard image format for vector graphics on the World Wide Web. However, vector graphics predate the modern Web, having served an important role in graphic and computer-aided design for decades prior to SVG's adoption as a web standard. Vector graphics are just as - if not more - relevant than ever today. As a result, training in vector graphics software, particularly in graphic and other creative design fields, forms an important part of the skills development necessary to enter the industry. This study explored the feasibility of a web application that can automatically mark/assess drawing tasks completed in popular vector graphics editors such as Adobe Illustrator, CorelDRAW, and Inkscape. This prototype has been developed using a collection of front-end and back-end web technologies, requiring that users need only a standards-compliant, modern web browser to submit tasks for assessment. Testing was carried out to assess how the application handled SVG markup produced by different users and vector graphics drawing software; and whether the assessment/scoring of submitted tasks was inline with that of a human marker. While some refinement is required, the application assessed six different tasks, submitted eleven times over by as many individuals, and for the greater part was successful in reporting scores in line with that of the researcher. As a prototype, serving as a proof of concept, the project proved the automatic marker a feasible concept. Exactly how marks should be assigned, for which criteria, and how much instruction should be provided are aspects for further study; along with support for curved path segments, and automatic task generation.
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Jenkins, David Lewis. "The automatic interpretaion of two-dimensional freehand sketches." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308140.
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Rhodenizer, Mark Russel. "Automatic extraction of features from line drawings." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22385.pdf.
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Mayers, Jonathan. "Transmutational Harmony." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2011. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1328.
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The work that I have produced during my graduate studies at the University of New Orleans addresses the impact that humans have on the environment in our contemporary world. A primary focus, but not exclusive, includes industrial materials or objects, their overwhelming presence that informs the juxtaposition of economic progress, and the reality of environmental disruption. Humor and metaphor are central themes of my work and reference my personal observations and experiences of living in the midst of these environments. Sources from Contemporary underground art have been filtered through my exposure to studio practice and art history, mainly the autonomous processes of Surrealism, resulting in a variety of influences that inform my work. I present imaginary images of architectural, biological, and mechanical transformations with the hopes of nudging the viewers' expectations and to create a better understanding of my opinion pertaining to the world and reality we all live in.
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Cheetham, Stephen J. "The automatic extraction and classification of curves from conventional line drawing." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328106.
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Varley, Peter Ashley Clifford. "Automatic creation of boundary-representation models from single line drawings." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2003. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/107713/.
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This thesis presents methods for the automatic creation of boundary-representation models of polyhedral objects from single line drawings depicting the objects. This topic is important in that automated interpretation of freehand sketches would remove a bottleneck in current engineering design methods. The thesis does not consider conversion of freehand sketches to line drawings or methods which require manual intervention or multiple drawings. The thesis contains a number of novel contributions to the art of machine interpretation of line drawings. Line labelling has been extended by cataloguing the possible tetrahedral junctions and by development of heuristics aimed at selecting a preferred labelling from many possible. The ”bundling” method of grouping probably-parallel lines, and the use of feature detection to detect and classify hole loops, are both believed to be original. The junction-line-pair formalisation which translates the problem of depth estimation into a system of linear equations is new. Treating topological reconstruction as a tree-search is not only a new approach but tackles a problem which has not been fully investigated in previous work.
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Harbi, Zainab. "Automatic interpretation of clock drawings for computerised assessment of dementia." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2017. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/105969/.
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The clock drawing test (CDT) is a standard neurological test for detection of cognitive impairment. A computerised version of the test has potential to improve test accessibility and accuracy. CDT sketch interpretation is one of the first stages in the analysis of the computerised test. It produces a set of recognised digits and symbols together with their positions on the clock face. Subsequently, these are used in the test scoring. This is a challenging problem because the average CDT taker has a high likelihood of cognitive impairment, and writing is one of the first functional activities to be affected. Current interpretation systems perform less well on this kind of data due to its unintelligibility. In this thesis, a novel automatic interpretation system for CDT sketch is proposed and developed. The proposed interpretation system and all the related algorithms developed in this thesis are evaluated using a CDT data set collected for this study. This data consist of two sets, the first set consisting of 65 drawings made by healthy people, and the second consisting of 100 drawings reproduced from drawings of dementia patients. This thesis has four main contributions. The first is a conceptual model of the proposed CDT sketch interpretation system based on integrating prior knowledge of the expected CDT sketch structure and human reasoning into the drawing interpretation system. The second is a novel CDT sketch segmentation algorithm based on supervised machine learning and a new set of temporal and spatial features automatically extracted from the CDT data. The evaluation of the proposed method shows that it outperforms the current state-of-the-art method for CDT drawing segmentation. The third contribution is a new v handwritten digit recognition algorithm based on a set of static and dynamic features extracted from handwritten data. The algorithm combines two classifiers, fuzzy k-nearest neighbour’s classifier with a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), which take advantage both of static and dynamic data representation. The proposed digit recognition algorithm is shown to outperform each classifier individually in terms of recognition accuracy. The final contribution of this study is the probabilistic Situational Bayesian Network (SBN), which is a new hierarchical probabilistic model for addressing the problem of fusing diverse data sources, such as CDT sketches created by healthy volunteers and dementia patients, in a probabilistic Bayesian network. The evaluation of the proposed SBN-based CDT sketch interpretation system on CDT data shows highly promising results, with 100% recognition accuracy for heathy CDT drawings and 97.15% for dementia data. To conclude, the proposed automatic CDT sketch interpretation system shows high accuracy in terms of recognising different sketch objects and thus paves the way for further research in dementia and clinical computer-assisted diagnosis of dementia.
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Ingale, Sanchit Sanjay. "Development of CAD Platform Independent Software for Automatic Grading of Technical Drawings." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78910.
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Spatial visualization is the ability of an individual to visualize an object mentally and understand its spatial orientation. It plays an important role in engineering. There have been multiple works that show that spatial visualization skills can be improved with the right training.
Creating technical drawings requires mental manipulation and visual thinking. Strong spatial visualization abilities are required for such a mental process. To train students in this process and to improve their spatial skills, Professor Diana Bairaktarova conducted a class in spatial visualization for freshmen in engineering at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. The class consisted of 169 students from different engineering disciplines. One of the major pedagogical techniques used in the class was to give students three assignments on drawing sectional views of mechanical objects with a pre-defined cutting plane. All three assignments had the same six mechanical objects to assess their improvement through the class. Students were not given feedback after completion of each assignment. They were asked to do the first assignment at the beginning of the course, the second assignment during the middle of the semester and the final assignment towards the end of the semester. The students were given instructions on how to draw the 2D sectional views. The assignments were then graded by the teaching assistants for the class and the improvement of the students through the semester was recorded. Assignments were graded manually by two different raters using a pre-defined grading rubric. An inter-rater reliability was established between the graders.
There were drawbacks to this process. It was extremely time consuming since there were more than 500 assignments to be graded by the teaching assistants. Also, to establish inter-rater reliability, the assignments had to be graded twice. The process would have been more efficient if there was a software that could automate the grading process. Also, this would eliminate the need to establish an inter-rater reliability. This research aims at developing a software for automatic grading of the technical drawings. The software gives students' feedback on the drawings describing their mistakes. This would give a more complete learning experience as the students
would get a better understanding of the internal details of the object with the help of the feedback they are getting. In addition, the software is independent of the CAD platform used to create the drawings. The instructor can also upload a batch of images that can be processed by the software at once. The grading rubric that was used for manual grading can be implemented in the software. The software uses Image processing and Computer Vision toolboxes in MATLAB which enables the comparison between the submitted technical drawing and the source (solution) drawing. The software is currently developed for simple geometries with less complicated features as it is being employed in a course where students are new to CAD environment. Students can also use this software as an interactive learning tool as they create 3D models and sectional views of mechanical objects.
The proposed software reduces the amount of effort put in by faculty on grading the assignments. It also gives students feedback on the drawings, making it an interactive tool which improves the learning experience. This software can be a powerful pedagogical tool to improve spatial visualization skills.Master of Science
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Sanford, Jerald Patrick. "An automatic system for converting digitized line drawings into highly compressed mathematical primitives." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101259.
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The design of an efficient, low-cost system for automatically converting a hardcopy technical drawing into a highly compressed electronic representation is the motivation for this work. An improved method for extracting line and region information from a typical engineering drawing is presented. An efficient encoding method has also been proposed that takes advantage of the preprocessing done by the region and line extraction steps. Finally, a technique for creating a highly compressed mathematical representation (based on spline approximations) for the drawing is presented.M.S.
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Jezný, Lukáš. "Automatické rozvržení diagramů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-412807.
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Automatic layouts for diagram drawing is described in this paper. Major methods, algorithms, metrics for automatic layouts are introduced in theretical part. Practical part of this work was developing algorithms for automatic layouts of organizational structures and business process model diagrams.
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Chen, Zimin, and Huan Xie. "Kravbaserad layout - Algoritm för automatisk grafritning." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-205328.
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I den här studien utformas och implementeras en prototyp av ett automatiskt grafritningsverktyg. Under processen analyseras och evalueras flera välkända och viktiga algoritmer. Algoritmen som används i prototypen modifieras och förbättras för att uppfylla företaget FindOuts speciella krav. Dessutom strävar vi efter att hitta förbättringar med avseende på visualisering och prestanda för algoritmer genom att studera aktuella arbeten. Genom litteraturoch empiriska studier, drar vi slutsatsen att Sugiyama-ramverket passar bäst för hierarkiska och liknande grafer. Den genererade grafritningen är stabil, läsbar och följer de flesta estetiska kriterier. Dessutom används kraftbaserad layout för att placera de icke sammanhängande delgraferna på lämpliga positioner. Attraktionsoch repulsionskraft mellan delgrafer gör att hela grafen blir kompakt utan överlappning, vilket är ett av företagets krav. Några problem såsom att lägga till nya noder och kanter är inte helt lösta på grund av konflikten mellan estetiska kriterier och användarkrav. Vi anser att en algoritm baserad på användarkrav är lämplig att integreras i en nästa generation av vår prototyp. En del av heuristiken kan också förbättras. Vi presenterar möjliga lösningar och föreslår att en noggrann jämförelse mellan olika algoritmer bör tas upp i framtida arbete.A prototype of an automatic graph drawing tool was designed and implemented in this thesis project. In this process various well-known and important algorithms were analyzed and evaluated. Algorithms applied in the prototype were modified and improved to fulfill FindOut’s special requirements. Besides this, a pursuit of an improvement on visualizations and performance of algorithms was conducted by studying the latest research works. Through these theoretical and empirical studies, we concluded that the Sugiyama framework is the most suitable algorithm to generate the workflow type of graph. The generated graphs are stable, readable and follows most aesthetic standards. Furthermore, force-directed algorithms were utilized to put graphs at appropriate positions. The attraction and repulsion force between sub-graphs can make the whole graph compact without overlapping, which fulfills the company’s requirement. However some of the problems, such as importing new nodes and edges, have not been perfectly resolved due to the conflict between the aesthetic and user requirements. Thus we think that a user-constraints based algorithm is suitable to be integrated into our next generation prototype. Some of the heuristics also have room for improvement. We discussed the possible solutions and suggested that a comparative study of different algorithms should be included in the future work.
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Stejskal, Luboš. "Výroba součásti "Kroužek" plošným tvářením." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230005.
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This thesis elaborated within a master degree in 23-03-T002 line, introduces a suggestion of production technology of part „Ring“ by sheet metal forming out of deep-drawing steel W.Nr. 1.0338. Supposed production amount is 250 000 pieces per year. Based on a literary study of problematic of sheet forming for this required part regarding production series, technologies of this of deep drawing and cutting were chosen. According to performed technological calculations, a production process of seven operations was designed. A sequence automatic machine Paust 40 (VVB WMW), was cousin for this suggested process. This machine is particularly appointed for big series and wholesale production of impressions of sheet metal. It is equipped with mechanization and therefore creates a fully automatic line. A tool was designed for this chosen type of machine. Project includes economical evaluations of elaborated of production technology.
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Yener, Mehmet. "Design Of A Computer Interface For Automatic Finite Element Analysis Of An Excavator Boom." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606165/index.pdf.
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The aim of this study is to design a computer interface, which links the user to commercial Finite Element Analysis (FEA) program, MSC.Marc-Mentat to make automatic FE analysis of an excavator boom by using DELPHI as platform. Parametrization of boom geometry is done to add some flexibility to interface called OPTIBOOM. Parametric FE analysis of a boom shortens the design stages and helps to find the optimum design in terms of stresses and mass.
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Claesson, Daniel, and Jonas Sjöstrand. "Automatisering av svetsprocessen på valstråd." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-62236.
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FNsteel i Linköping tillverkar spännlina, en produkt som används av prefab-industrin för tillverkning av förspända betongelement t.ex. håldäck, balkar, bjälklag och järnvägsslipers. Vid tillverkningen drar man valstråd i tråddragningsmaskiner som reducerar valstrådens tvärsnittsarea och ökar längden samtidigt som tråden får en annan metallstruktur. Den dragna tråden slås sedan till tre- eller sjutrådig spännlina. Vid tillverkningen svetsar operatörer ihop valstrådar och hanteringen av valstråden är idag manuell. Företaget vill i framtiden automatisera sin svetsprocess vid skarvning utav valstrådar då det är ett tungt och ensidigt arbete för operatörerna samt för att kunna öka produktiviteten. Examensarbetet är ett produktutvecklingsprojekt som innehåller en analys utav tillverkningen idag och förslag på standardisering för att kunna automatisera samt konstruktionsunderlag för automatisering av vissa moment i processen. Under arbetets gång har det identifierats att processen inte är mogen för att automatiseras utan att företaget först behöver ta fram en standard för hur processen ska se ut för att kunna möjliggöra en automatisering av hela svetsprocessen. Ett antal moment i processen kräver fortsatt arbete för att möjliggöra automatiseringen av processen, samtidigt som det redan idag är möjligt att automatisera vissa delar av processen då dessa enkelt kan standardiseras. Konceptlösningen som tagits fram består av pneumatiska cylindrar, konstruerade trådklämmor och hydraulisk trådklippare.FNsteel in Linköping manufactures wire rod, a product used by the prefabricated industry for the manufacture of prestressed concrete elements eg. hollow cores, beams, beam joints and railroad slides. In manufacturing, a wire is drawn through a wire drawing machine that reduces the wires cross sectional area and increase the length while the wire is given a different metal structure. The drawn wire is then turned to three or seven-wire wire rod. In manufacturing, operators weld together wire threads and the handling of the wire is today manual. In the future, the company wants to automate its welding process by splicing of wire threads as there is a heavy and one-sided work for operators, and also in order to increase productivity. The thesis work is a product development project that contains an analysis of the manufacturing process today and suggestions for standardization to automate, as well as design documentation for automation of certain elements of the process. During the course of the process, it has been identified that the process is not mature for automation without the company first having to come up with a standard for the process to enable automation of the entire welding process. A number of elements in the process require continued work to enable automation of the process, while it is already possible to automate certain parts of the process as these can easily be standardized. The conceptual solution developed consists of pneumatic cylinders, engineered wire clips and hydraulic wire cutters.
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Theophil, Sebastian Christoph. "Sketching Slides." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16368.
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Die Entwicklung effizienter Desktop Publishing Systeme wird behindert durch den Mangel an leistungsfähigen, automatischen Layoutalgorithmen. Aktuelle Algorithmen zum Layout ganzer Dokumente oder einzelner Seiten erfordern entweder die Formulierung des Layoutproblems in einer formalen Beschreibungssprache, oder sie benötigen fertige, detaillierte Layouttemplates. Layoutprobleme mit schwacher Semantik lassen sich schlecht in formale Sprachen umsetzen, Layout Templates verschieben den manuellen Aufwand nur vom Endnutzer zum Template Designer. Das erste Ergebnis dieser Dissertation ist ein Layoutalgorithmus, der ein allgemeines Layoutproblem löst, in dem er es als Ressourcenallokationsproblem interpretiert. Die Fläche einer einzelnen Seite ist eine Ressource, die zwischen den visuellen Elementen einer Seite verteilt wird. Das Layoutproblem wird in ein lexikographisches min-ordering Optimierungsproblem übersetzt, das durch lineare Optimierung in Echtzeit gelöst wird. Die Lösungen manuell erzeugter Layoutprobleme sind häufig über- oder unterbestimmt. Wenn das Problem überbestimmt ist, also keine gültige Lösung besitzt, muss der Algorithmus die Lösung finden, die am n\"achsten an der intendierten Lösung ist. Der Algorithmus erkennt nicht eindeutig definierte Probleme mit unbefriedigenden Lösungen und fügt die minimal notwendige Anzahl von Constraints hinzu um das vom Nutzer beabsichtigte Layout zu erzeugen. Das zweite Ergebnis ist die Entwicklung einer intuitiven Benutzerschnittstelle, die es erlaubt, die vorhergehend beschriebenen Layoutprobleme zu erzeugen. Sie verbirgt die Komplexität des Constraintsystems und vermeidet die Komplexität constraint-basierter Grafikanwendungen der Vergangenheit. Diese Benutzerschnittstelle macht formale Beschreibungssprachen und manuell erzeugte Layouttemplates überflüssig. Die Evaluation zeigt, dass die besten Tabellenlayoutalgorithmen keine signifikant besseren Ergebnisse produzieren als der allgemeinere ICBM Layout Algorithmus.The efficiency of desktop publishing is severely limited by the lack of sophisticated automatic document layout systems. State-of-the-art algorithms either require the input to be written in a description language such as HTML and LaTeX, or to be a manually designed layout template. However, description languages are ill-suited to express layout problems with weak semantics and layout templates shift the burden from the end user to the template designer. The first contribution of this thesis is an algorithm that solves a general class of layout problems by treating them as equitable resource allocation problems. The available document area is a resource that is distributed among inter-element gaps. The layout problem is transformed into a lexicographic min-ordering optimization problem that is solved using linear programming techniques in real-time. If the layout problem is over-constrained, the quality of the solution layout degrades gracefully. The layout algorithm finds the solution layout with the most equitable distribution of constraint errors among the soft layout constraints, i.e., the solution closest to the user''s original intent. Conversely, the layout algorithm detects the under-constrained subproblems that adversely affect the solution layout. It adds the minimal number of constraints required to achieve the fully specified layout problem that is closest to the user''s input. The second contribution is the creation of an intuitive direct manipulation user interface that lets users create the aforementioned class of general constrained layout problems. It hides the complexity of the constraint system and avoids the usability problems that have plagued constraint drawing applications. It eliminates the need of document description languages and manually-created layout templates. In the evaluation, we show that the best state-of-the-art specialized table layout algorithms do not outperform the general ICBM layout algorithm by any significant margin.
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Raynolds, Nicholas. "the emotional plague." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3773.
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The artist discusses his Master of Fine Arts thesis exhibition “the emotional plague” held at the Reese Museum in Johnson City, Tennessee from March 2nd through March 27th, 2020 in which he examines a number of literary and invented narrative subjects influenced by science fiction, Surrealism and the current political climate in an attempt to reconcile the social and the personal through the creative act.
Largely improvisational in their conception, the paintings and drawings in this exhibition reflect ideas derived from writers, thinkers and artists including Wilhelm Reich, J.G. Ballard, W.S. Burroughs and Goya, all distilled through the uncertain territory of Raynolds’ personal, internal landscape. He utilizes an amalgam of characters, tropes, and stories as metaphorical expressions of social psychosis and decay.
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He, Jeannie. "Automatic Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease Using Machine Learning : A Comparative Study of Different Feature Selection Algorithms, Classifiers and Sampling Methods." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-301616.
Full textAbstract:
Over the past few years, several studies have been published to propose algorithms for the automated diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease using simple exams such as drawing and voice exams. However, at the same time as all classifiers appear to have been outperformed by another classifier in at least one study, there appear to lack a study on how well different classifiers work with a certain feature selection algorithm and sampling method. More importantly, there appear to lack a study that compares the proposed feature selection algorithm and/or sampling method with a baseline that does not involve any feature selection or oversampling. This leaves us with the question of which combination of feature selection algorithm, sampling method and classifier is the best as well as what impact feature selection and oversampling may have on the performance. Given the importance of providing a quick and accurate diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease, a comparison is made between different systems of classifier, feature selection and sampling method with a focus on the predictive performance. A system was chosen as the best system for the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease based on its comparative predictive performance on two sets of data - one from drawing exams and one from voice exams.Som en av världens mest vanligaste sjukdom med en tendens att leda till funktionshinder har Parkinsons sjukdom länge varit i centrum av forskning. För att se till att så många som möjligt får en behandling innan det blir för sent har flera studier publicerats för att föreslå algoritmer för automatisk diagnos av Parkinsons sjukdom. Samtidigt som alla klassificerare verkar ha överträffats av en annan klassificerare i minst en studie, verkar det saknas en studie om hur väl olika klassificerare fungerar med en viss kombination av urvalsalgoritm (feature selection algorithm på engelska) och provtagningsmetod. Därutöver verkar det saknas en studie där resultatet från den föreslagna urvalsalgoritmen och/eller samplingsmetoden jämförs med resultatet av att applicera klassificeraren direkt på datan utan någon urvalsalgoritm eller resampling. Detta lämnar oss en fråga om vilket system av klassificerare, urvalsalgoritm och samplingsmetod man bör välja och ifall det är värt att använda en urvalsalgoritm och överprovtagningsmetod. Med tanke på vikten av att snabbt och noggrant upptäcka Parkinsons sjukdom har en jämförelse gjorts för att hitta den bästa kombinationen av klassificerare, urvalsalgoritm och provtagningsalgoritm för den automatiska diagnosen av Parkinsons sjukdom.
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Jaume, Bennasar Andrés. "Las nuevas tecnologías en la administración de justicia. La validez y eficacia del documento electrónico en sede procesal." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9415.
Full textAbstract:
La tesis se encarga de analizar, por un lado, la integración y el desarrollo de las nuevas tecnologías en la Administración de Justicia; y, por otro, los parámetros que constituyen la validez y eficacia del documento electrónico. La primera cuestión se centra en la configuración de los Sistemas de Información de la Oficina Judicial y del Ministerio Fiscal, así como de la informatización de los Registros Civiles, donde el art. 230 LOPJ es la pieza clave. Se estudian sus programas, aplicaciones, la videoconferencia, los ficheros judiciales y las redes de telecomunicaciones que poseen la cobertura de la firma electrónica reconocida, donde cobran gran relevancia los convenios de colaboración tecnológica. La digitalización de las vistas quizá sea una de las cuestiones con más trascendencia, teniendo en cuenta que el juicio es el acto que culmina el proceso. Aunque no todos los proyectos adoptados en el ámbito de la e.justicia se han desarrollado de forma integral, ni han llegado a la totalidad de los órganos judiciales. El objetivo final es lograr una Justicia más ágil y de calidad, a lo cual aspira el Plan Estratégico de Modernización de la Justicia 2009-2012 aprobado recientemente.
En referencia a la segunda perspectiva, no cabe duda que el Ordenamiento jurídico y los tribunales, en el ámbito de la justicia material, otorgan plena validez y eficacia al documento electrónico. Nuestra línea de investigación se justifica porque cada vez son más los procesos que incorporan soportes electrónicos de todo tipo, ya sea al plantearse la acción o posteriormente como medio de prueba (art. 299.2 LEC). Entre otros temas examinamos el documento informático, la problemática que rodea al fax, los sistemas de videograbación y el contrato electrónico.
La tesi s'encarrega d'analitzar, per una part, la integració i el desenvolupament de les noves tecnologies dins l´Administració de Justícia; i, per l'altra, els paràmetres que constitueixen la validesa i l'eficàcia del document electrònic.
La primera qüestió es centra en la configuració dels Sistemes d´Informació de l´Oficina Judicial i del Ministeri Fiscal, així com de la informatització dels Registres Civils, on l'art. 230 LOPJ es la peça clau. S'estudien els seus programes, aplicacions, la videoconferència, el fitxers judicials i les xarxes de telecomunicacions que tenen la cobertura de la firma electrònica reconeguda, on cobren gran rellevància els convenis de col·laboració tecnològica. La digitalització de les vistes tal vegada sigui una de les qüestions amb més transcendència, tenint amb compte que el judici es l'acte que culmina el procés. Però no tots el projectes adoptats en l'àmbit de la e.justicia s'han desenvolupat d'una manera integral ni han arribat a la totalitat dels òrgans judicials. L'objectiu final es assolir una Justícia més àgil i de qualitat, al que aspira el Pla Estratègic de Modernització de la Justícia 2009-2012 aprovat recentment.
En referència a la segona perspectiva, no hi ha dubte que l´Ordenament jurídic i els tribunals, en l'àmbit de la justícia material, donen plena validesa i eficàcia al document electrònic. La nostra línia d'investigació es justifica perquè cada vegada son més el processos que incorporen suports electrònics de tot tipus, ja sigui quant es planteja l'acció o posteriorment como a medi de prova (art. 299.2 LEC). Entre altres temes examinem el document informàtic, la problemàtica que envolta al fax, els sistemes de videogravació i el contracte electrònic.
The thesis seeks to analyse, on the one hand, the integration and development of the new technologies in the Administration of Justice; and, on the other, the parameters which constitute the validity and efficiency of the electronic document.
The first question centres on the configuration of the Information Systems of the Judicial Office and the Public Prosecutor, as well as the computerisation of the Civil Registers, where the art. 230 LOPJ it's the part key. Their programmes, applications, the Video Conferencing, the judicial registers and the telecommunication networks which are covered by the recognised electronic signatures, are studied, where the agreements on technological collaboration gain great relevance. The digitalisation of evidence might perhaps be one of the questions with most consequence, bearing in mind that the judgment is the act by which the process is culminated. Although not all the projects adopted within the compass of e.justice have developed completely nor have reached all the judicial organs. The final objective is to achieve an agile, quality Justice, to which the recently approved Strategic Plan for the Modernisation of Justice aspires.
With reference to the second perspective, there is no doubt that the juridical Ordinance and the tribunals within the compass of material justice grant full validity and efficacy to the electronic document. Our line of investigation is justified because there are more and more processes which are sustained by electronic supports of all kinds, whether it be at the establishment of the action or later, as a proof of it (art. 299.2 LEC). Amongst other things, we examine the computerised document, the problems which surround the fax, the systems for video recording and the electronic contract.
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Greyvenstein, Ray Frederick. "Automation of a high-precision draughting machine." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12022.
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"Outline tracing from sketches." 2012. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5549168.
Full textAbstract:
草圖繪製是創意產業最早期的一個工序。研究發現，草圖不但表達了畫家的想法，在繪製的過程，草圖也能為畫家帶來新靈感，所以草圖繪製是不可缺少的工序。然而，原始的草圖包含許多不必要的筆觸，所以進行後期製作前，必須用線重新勾畫。傳統上，這個過程是費時和繁瑣的，畫家必須人手把每一條需要的線都重新勾畫出來。當應用到動畫創作的時候，由於涉及的草圖數量龐大，情況會變得更壊，所以有必要把整個過程自動化。現有的研究都視草圖勾勒為一個線條分組和曲線擬合的過程，他們會把相近而順暢的筆觸組合在一起，形成單一線條。然而，他們都忽略了視覺感知上的一個重要法則──格式塔理論中的閉合原理。格式塔理論是一個知名的心理學理論，解釋人類如何透過整合理解各種視覺元素。根據格式塔理論中的閉合原理，我們往往把各種分隔的視覺元素整合為一個封閉的形狀。在這篇論文中，我提出閉合原理比格式塔理論中的其他原理更能幫助我們理解草圖，從而提出了一種基於區域的方法來勾勒草圖。實驗結果發現，我的方法在保有草圖上封閉形狀的能力上比現有的方法更優勝。Sketching is the earliest stage of production in art and design. Sketches are useful in conveying and developing ideas. However, raw sketches contain unnecessary strokes and must be converted to neat and tidy drawings before moving onto later stage of production. Traditionally, this conversion process is time-consuming and tedious since it is performed stroke by stroke manually. The situation is even worse when it comes to animation production which involves a huge number of sketches, so there is a strong motivation to automate the conversion process. Existing works formulate the conversion process as stroke grouping and curve fitting processes, in which close and continuous strokes are grouped together to form single strokes in the resulting image. Nevertheless, previous works overlooked an important law of visual perception: the law of closure in Gestalt principles. Gestalt principles concluded from early visual perception studies demonstrate how human perceive visual elements as different groups of lines and shapes. It states that we tend to group elements into closed shape even when a gap exists. In this thesis, we utilize the idea of law of closure and propose a region-based approach to refine sketches. Experiment result shows that this method outperforms the existing methods in terms of the capability of preserving salient regions in sketches.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Wong, Ka Wing.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 59-61).
Abstracts also in Chinese.
Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.6
Chapter 2 --- Background --- p.8
Chapter 2.1 --- Role of Sketch in Art and Design --- p.8
Chapter 2.2 --- Characteristics of Raw Sketches --- p.10
Chapter 2.3 --- Related Works --- p.11
Chapter 2.3.1 --- Methods for Raster Image --- p.12
Chapter 2.3.2 --- Methods for Vector Image --- p.14
Chapter 2.3.3 --- Deficiency --- p.17
Chapter 3 --- Gestalt Principles and Its Application --- p.18
Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction to Gestalt Principles --- p.18
Chapter 3.2 --- Existing Computational Model of Gestalt Principles --- p.20
Chapter 3.3 --- Gestalt Principles for Outline Tracing --- p.22
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Similarity --- p.23
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Proximity --- p.23
Chapter 3.3.3 --- Continuity --- p.24
Chapter 3.3.4 --- Regularity --- p.25
Chapter 3.3.5 --- Closure --- p.25
Chapter 4 --- Proposed Method --- p.27
Chapter 4.1 --- Multi-scale Region Retrieval --- p.28
Chapter 4.1.1 --- Construction of Region Hierarchy --- p.29
Chapter 4.1.2 --- Region Refinement --- p.31
Chapter 4.2 --- Salient Region Retrieval --- p.32
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Flattening of Region Hierarchy --- p.32
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Region Merging --- p.33
Chapter 4.2.3 --- Region Pruning --- p.37
Chapter 4.2.4 --- Region Merging by User --- p.41
Chapter 4.3 --- Outline Synthesis --- p.43
Chapter 4.3.1 --- Outline Synthesis of Region-boundary Strokes --- p.44
Chapter 4.3.2 --- Smoothing of Region-boundary Strokes --- p.45
Chapter 4.3.3 --- Outline Synthesis of Feature Strokes --- p.48
Chapter 4.4 --- Curve Fitting --- p.50
Chapter 5 --- Result and Discussion --- p.52
Chapter 6 --- Conclusion --- p.58
Chapter 7 --- Reference --- p.59
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Wu, Ming-Tsung, and 吳明宗. "Automation of Structure-Design Drawing and Material Estimation For a RC Building." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52341651291882242501.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
工程科學及海洋工程學研究所
96
The study is to develop a computer program that can input the design informations of the typical floor plan, and the program can establish floor plan database, draw floor plans、vertical plans and three-dimensional plan, and calculate the amount of concrete and moldboard of each structural component of every floor plan. In the past, Constructor bid a RC building project to calculate the amount of concrete and moldboard by labor work. The presented software can alleviate mixed work through the study, and the study makes constructor comprehend the amount of concrete and moldboard under the control of budget and schedule.
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Yen, Shih-Yu, and 嚴士育. "Automation of Shop Drawing of Reinforcements for Slab of a R.C. Building." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81124810154434960897.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
工程科學及海洋工程學研究所
96
This research mainly is to develop a computer program that provides the user to input the design information of slabs in the RC Construction design drawing, and save them into the database. Base on the code, The computer program can read this information of the database to draw a shop drawing of slabs automatically with AutoCAD and to calculate the amount of material. It is very important for a constructor to bid a RC building project or to construct a RC building under the control of budget and schedule. The automation computer program of slab reinforcements is based on the slab reinforcements of design and uses the techniques of GUI which is named graphical user interface to develop the program. And it will decrease difficulties for computer user with it’s friendly operation interface.
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Sheu, Tay-yuan, and 許泰元. "A Study of Intergration of Curriculum Planning of Mechanical Drawing and Computer Aided Drawing of Mechanical Engineering Department in Junior College for Industry Automation." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04264575133919103618.
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Lin, Shu-Yuan, and 林淑媛. "Automation of Quantity Calculation and Construction Drawing of Steel in RC Building-Column and Girder." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03571073284002151227.
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碩士國立交通大學
土木工程系所
98
The construction drawing and quantity calculation of reinforcing steel in the building is a tedious works. Using computer to calculate these works to increase its accuracy and efficiency is necessary. The goal of this research is establishing an automation system to solve the above problems for girders and columns. This research check the clear space between reinforcing steel according to reinforced concrete design specification. If the space are small than required space of the specification, using bundle bars or two layer steels to solve the problem. Calculating the coordinate of each steel to solve the position confliction between column and girder steel. UsingSketchUp shows steel position of girder-column joints by 3D diagram. Under integrate consideration, decide the position of the splice of steel for columns and girders.
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Lin, Yu-Te, and 林昱德. "Automation of Quantity Calculation and Construction Drawing of Steel in RC Building-Beam and Slab." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72447883993881362195.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
土木工程系所
98
This research provides a formatted input data interface. Users can input design data under the guide of the interface story by story. These data will be analyzed and calculated by the system to calculate steel length, required splice length and position of steel under integrated consideration of beams and slabs. This research using C++ in Microsoft Visual Studio environment to set up an automation of reinforcing steel quantity calculation in building. Combining Excel make input and output easier.
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Yang, Hsiu-Ting, and 楊修定. "Automation of Shop Drawing of Reinforcements for Flat Slab and Stair of a R.C. Building." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69690061454151682376.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
土木工程學研究所
96
This study is to develop a computer program that combine with Data Base Management System(DBMS), and the program can input the design information of stair and flat slab with graphical interface, and the program could establish the basic design information into the database, and calculate the amount of use of reinforcements.At last the program unify the AutoCAD program, and plot the shop drawing and lists details of reinforcements of RC building stair and flat slab. It is very helpful to calculate the amount of strings, and check the input data to ensure the arrangement of reinforcements agree with specification, management and application data of RC building stair and flat slab. It is very important for a constructor to bid a RC building project or to construct a RC building under the control of budget and schedule. Our programs are more effective for constructor to input the design information simply, and then the program establishes the shop drawing and lists details of reinforcements of RC building stair and flat slab automatically.
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Chen, Chien-Chi, and 陳建吉. "Automation of Shop Drawing of Reinforcements for Slurry Wall and Structure Wall of a R.C. Building." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95066307863014205950.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
土木工程學研究所
96
This study is to develop a computer program, RC structure design drawing obtained offers and builds the manufacturer to participate in and submit a tender, put through computer procedure materials in database of the computer to build correlated with RC building slurry wall, basement outer wall and RC wall from design drawing, it could calculate the amount of all kinds of steels, volume of concrete and area of moldboard of design materials from database through computer program, it draw inboard and outboard sides their mix muscle picture and side mix muscle section system through AutoCAD, and list the reinforcing bar and dispose the state and materials of consumption of reinforcing bar on the surface of picture. RC structure design drawing obtained that in the past to calculate the quantity of the material form by way of manpower from build the manufacturer in the past and submit a tender, and hope through this study that can lighten this heavy and complicated job through the computer, build manufacturer can clearly know that the amount of steels, concrete project and in order to control the budget and understand cost.
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Kuo, Jui-Ying, and 郭瑞穎. "Optimal Automation of Shop Drawing and Cutting of Reinforcements for Slurry Wall and Foundation Beam of a R.C. Building." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46780585483973710133.
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Hwang, Joe, and 黃守偉. "Automatic Graph Drawing for Simple Graphs." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62852007564092722674.
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Yang, Yi-Jiuan, and 楊宜娟. "Entrance - Connecting to Being by Automatic Drawing." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4eqm7w.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
應用藝術研究所
101
By “Automatic Painting”, I attempted to achieve the goal of connecting to Self. This thesis is a log of my creation processed for four exhibitions, “Things Happened at 6 PM”, “The Fragments”, “A Simple Thing of A Seed” and ”Entrance” , with “Entrance” as my graduation exhibition that summarizes the whole journey. The four exhibitions show the developmental path of my art creation, including the wonder at the beginning and the awareness of some limits in the end. In addition, this thesis introduces the media I used and the environment I worked. My method of making art is automatism. I modified the rules of automatic writing developed by Wen-Lin Chen to make them applicable to drawing. In so doing I had a wonderful experience as I entered my inner world and meet my soul there. Through automatic drawing, I obtained a better understanding about who I really am. The mystic automatic drawing experience made me keep on drawing and drawing. I was eager to know more about myself and the world, and I believe “automatic drawing” is an efficient way to achieve that goal I take this thesis as an interpretation of my works. In the writing process, I became more aware of the essence and limits of automatic drawing and learned more about what my paintings mean When making art, I discovered a fantastic world inside myself; when writing this thesis, I gained a clearer vision about my soul through reinterpreting the works I made.
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張彥佶. "Automatic Generation of Pencil Drawing from Photos." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97a4ns.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
資訊工程系所
94
The thesis presents an automated system that is capable of generating satisfactory pencil drawings without intervention from users of sketching skills. The system consists of three processing components, respectively taking care of the parallel/cross hatching of low-intensity areas in the image, line drawing of subject silhouettes and the drawing of local contrast associated with the subjects that reflects structural features in general. The outcomes of the three components are then fused by appropriate weighting, to which the effect of paper texture is applied for a final pencil drawing with the silhouettes and structural features of the subjects being emphasized.
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Jer, Lan Woei, and 藍偉哲. "A Study of Automatic Drawing Management System." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94389762623387944197.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
工程技術研究所
84
The purpose of this research is to provide an environment to manage design drawings automatically. This environment allows information, which is stored by layers, to construct drawing in order to facilitate further manipulation, such as modification, selecting, outputting, or calculating. The research tries to have design information well categorized to enhance efficiency. Drawing information is separated into classes, types, and layers. Classes are the drawings for design, license, contract; working drawings are also included. Types are the drawings for plan, elevation, section, detail of each class. Layers are the media to store information of different attributes exemplified through applications. Drawing management are executed based on the contents stored within class-type table and type-layer table. The management system will automatically switch on currently edited layers and off whose unwanted. Research steps includes studying drawing production methods, classifying layers, differentiating class, constructing tables, applying and testing this management system. Projected research outcomes include improving production and plot efficiency, establishing class and type table, establishing type and layer table, and reducing drawing errors.
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HOU, PEI-LIN, and 侯沛霖. "Automatic mechanical drawing understanding by image analysis techniques." Thesis, 1988. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05596390349845977393.
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Deschamps-Montpetit, Catherine. "Les artistes artificiels de Human Study 1: l'automatisation en art actuel." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20166.
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Chêng, Tsê. "Automatic labeling, modeling and recognition for line-drawing interpretation." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9750.
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SU, ZI-KAI, and 蘇子凱. "A study of the automatic circuit drawing understanding system." Thesis, 1991. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32379826413493161114.
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HUANG, BO-KAI, and 黃柏凱. "Transmission Elements Professional CAD / KBE Automatic Drawing System Development." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72964428715965471316.
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碩士中華大學
機械工程學系碩士班
99
The main purpose of this research for the construction of transmission components, automatic mapping system, built, using the AutoCAD system in the secondary development of AutoLISP programming language for building and into Knowledge Engineering (Knowledge Based Engineering, KBE) technology, the ball screw and linear guideway the use of knowledge and technology into the design of automatic drawing transmission system elements, and further to achieve, the reuse of knowledge, to assist organizations in the selection of designer ball screw and linear guideway for quick selection and when the graphics and reduce the human factor of error enhance the company's design cycle and product development efficiency.
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Chung, Hsieh-Tzo, and 鍾協佐. "A Study of 3D Gear Automatic Design and Drawing." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77137989659293128522.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
工業教育研究所
91
The objective of this research is to develop a “3D automatic design and drawing system for machine element,” in the example of “3D automatic design and drawing for Spur gear” in the “machine element,” by the method of “Object-Oriented programming,” “ActiveX component,” “Object linking and embedding,” “Database theorem,” and “3D drawing theorem,” for purpose of examining and analyzing the fitness of the constructive model of this system. The conclusion of this research is as following: (1) The use of list check table, of the invoke Database, and of the aided system design, are effective ways in several aspects: the improvement of the usual input method, the possibility of the simultaneous acts of consultation and modification, the share of information, and the realization of the ideal of “Collaboration design.” Furthermore, the automatic control of the program on the range and the standards of elements may reduce errors of inputs. (2) By inputting arguments into the input box, the automation of the design programming can realize the automatic drawing of the 3D feature modeling. In this way, we are able to reduce the time in the process of drawing, and through the connection of this system to 3D drawing applications for the transformation of data, it is possible to construct a 2D draft. (3) This system can be expanded to include more machine element component possible. The designers are able to design and have the 3D graphs drew automatically according to the principle gear design and database check table.
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CHEN, MING-YAO, and 陳明堯. "Managing Construction Drawing!Documents with an Automatic Index System." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87909831807467562537.
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碩士國立台灣工業技術學院
工程技術研究所
85
This research studies automatic index system for managing construction documents. A drawing is usually part of the contents of an output ready sheet of A drawing can be a plan, an elevation, or a section.The relationbetween a drawing labeled details could be one-to-one o one-to-many .A detailcan be referred by labels many drawings , therefore, therelation betweena group of drawings and details can one-to-one ,one-to- many , many-to-one,or as complicate as many-to-many.Drawing docum-ents used to be preparedby artificially composing a drawing labeled de-tails in the same or separatesheets of paper. Normally,the number drawing may reach hundreds or thousands,when a design project has very contents or is in a large scale. Therelationship between a drawing and related may cross many sheets.Thecross-reference of design information becomes complicate to manage.The indexedrelationship between a drawing and its details is often changed due to modification occurred to drawing location, design contents, or index numbers. only index number is usually mis-referred,but also some of requiredcorrections can easily neglected. The reference problem becomes particularly obvious when the of drawing sheets increases dramatically.The problem usedto be solved by more experienced manpower reviewing drawings to ensure accuracy.The process is inefficient.The inefficiently process normally leaves neglectedconflicts to be solved on site.Although researches have been conducted ondesign and construction index system that handles cross-relationship amongdrawing contents is very for correctly managing drawings and their relateddetails.Auto-index system establishes the inter-relationship between a rawingAnd based on defined regions . The system is made by four parts : labelingsystem , coordinate system , index-referring system , and library-retrievingsystem. 1) Drawing coordinate system:The system divides drawing sheet into numbered starting from left to right and top to bottom . Each grid can be further divided numbered alphabetically.When a drawing is made ,the coordinatesystem will designate the drawing with an index number after comparing drawnarea with superimposed grids.Since no two drawingare allowed to be overlapped,each index is identical.2) Labeling system:The system is conducted bycircling a detail's location drawing.The label , which is a vertically dividedcircle , moves coincidentally its drawing changes location. The circle- shaped label is used to store a detail's.3) Index-referring system: The system linksa circled region inside a drawing to detail's index number and location. Thesystem consists of a function that change is made : all influenced indexeswill be sorted whenever a detail is drawn drawing to its details and an indextable that contains detail index ,drawing drawing index , and referred library. The system updates index number change is made : all influenced indexeswill be sorted whenever a detail is drawn relocated . If a detail is deleted ,alm labels in different drawings will be automatically .4) Library- retrievingsystem: The system increases draft efficiency when detail are provided : details are retrieved by directly linking circled regions to database indextable . In addition to eliminating draft , copy , or paste frequency, drawingalso reduced. The auto-index system is suitable to manage large amount ofdrawing facilitate automatic referring process.
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黃瓊瑤. "An automatic system for processing and interpreting line drawing images." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63393894408618490081.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
應用數學系
88
We have designed and implemented an automatic system for processing and interpreting paper-based line drawing images. The system is composed of four key components: Preprocessing, Line Segmentation, Curve Segmentation, and Block Recognition. Processing an image includes removing noise and separating text from graphics. Line Segmentation includes thinning and converting graphics into line segments. Curve segmentation converts “short” line segments into arcs. Block recognition identifies polygons on the images. Problems and difficulties occurring at each stage were analyzed . Appropriate solutions were proposed and incorporated into our system design. By exercising many test cases on our system, we demonstrated that our approach is accurate and very reliable. Possible applications of our system include automation cadastral maps and engineering drawings.
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Wang, Cheng-Chih, and 王成志. "Ideas Imprinted by Automatic Drawing － Works of Wang, Cheng-Chih." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/g5p5dw.
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Jia, Ji-Ping, and 賈季平. "Automatic interpretation and interactive creation of engineering drawings." Thesis, 1986. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04392236725331398207.
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Lee, Ying-Fan, and 李英帆. "Automatic Generation of 2D Drawings for Mechanical Parts." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01163539542182166579.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
104
Standard mechanical parts, such as bolts, nuts, pins, keys and washers, are basic elements of mechanical equipment. Their geometry and dimensions are primarily based on standard specifications, thus possessing high interchangeability and becoming indispensable elements in industrial sector. Many mechanical parts have similar geometric shapes with different dimension specifications, which causes the need for a product designer to spend a great deal of time performing repetitive drafting tasks. To overcome this problem, this thesis work uses the concept of “multi-layer parameters” to create geometric models of mechanical parts, so that the geometry of standard parts or parts with high repetition and similarity can be modeled in the first-layer by feature combination. Instances are thus created from the combination process. Subsequently, in accordance with the geometric shapes of each instance, the dimensions and their tolerances are used to create various second-layer instances with different sizes. If the parameters of the manufacturing information are further assigned to the geometric model of the final instance, the information can easily be presented in the final engineering drawing, which leads to the achievement of automatic generation of 2D drawings. By using the proposed “multi-layer parameters” approach, a designer can effectively manage the types and dimensions of various mechanical parts.
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Nian, Jim-Ming, and 粘晉銘. "Development of automatic design and drawing system on prestressed concrete bridge." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/s4tv76.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
土木與防災研究所
100
Prestressed concrete (PC) is the most popular superstructure of bridges in Taiwan. Some fundamental points in design of which including the layout and prestressing force of tendons, configuration of girder cross-section, time dependent effect of creep and shrinkage, and the construction method, etc. should be displayed in the engineering drawing. The efforts on man-made drawing are not only significant time-consuming but also inevitable mistaking. This thesis intends to develop an automatic design and drawing system to complete the tedious works of drawing making for PC bridges. In this thesis, the Visual Studio C# programming language is employed to control the AutoCAD in building Window-based platform and connect software Midas Civil for developing the automatic design and drawing system of PC bridges. In the developed system, the process of tendon-prestressing in each construction stage is able to be well defined and the complex geometric information of all the tendons in three dimension space can be established and displayed accordingly. The center of gravity of strands (C.G.S.) for the adopted tendons calculated is used to check the consistency with those of structural model. The accuracy of structural analysis can be recheck and performed again in case that the inconsistency has been found. Besides, the resulting automatic drawing successfully shows the details of all the specific cross-sections of PC girders as well. The results obtained could benefit the engineers a more rapid and efficient tool in PC bridge design.
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Amir, Anisha. "A Novel Approach of Automatic Iridology Chart Drawing onto Eye Images." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/k7b8w8.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北大學
資訊工程學系
103
Iridology is an alternative medicine that can tell the health state of an individual organ in a human body by just looking into the eye. Iridologists use the iridology chart as a main reference to perform eye analysis. Traditionally, iridologists have been performing eye analysis in a manual way, which is by using a slit lamp, a magnifying glass, and a plastic iridology chart. As the technology evolves, manual software is developed whereby the chart is drawn onto eye images with the help of a mouse cursor. This work therefore proposes an automatic approach to draw iridology chart automatically onto eye images by using image processing techniques and an iris boundary scanning approach. The goal of this research is to implement an automatic assistant tool for iridologists to perform precise analysis on eye images. Three issues rose when tagging iridology chart automatically onto an eye image which are, the pupil and the iris do not share the same center point, the size of the eye varies for every individual and the pupil and iris does not have a perfect circle shape. This paper proposes a solution to localize pupil and iris in the eye image first. Parameters of pupil and iris are then determined to compute the transformation matrix to tag the iridology chart correctly onto eye images. Finally, a series of experiments are conducted to validate the proposed approach to successfully localize pupil and iris and hence correctly draw the iridology chart onto eye images automatically.
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CHEN, MU-YUAN, and 陳睦元. "Automatic Construction of 3D Solid Model from 2D Sheet Metal Drawing." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93689473836419226146.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
自動化及控制研究所
92
Although 3D CAD software is widely used nowadays, 2D drawings are still typical in real-life sheet-metal design tasks. It happens that 3D solid models are needed to be created from the 2D drawings manually, which is a tedious and labor-intensive task. This research thus attempts to propose a methodology to automate the abovementioned task to eliminate human efforts and to save time and costs in 3D modeling. A sheet-metal part without any forming region can be viewed as a combination of extruded thin walls, which are called “sub-objects” in this thesis. The basic research method of this study is to find the relationships between loops in the three views, namely front, right, and top views. Sub-objects are then formed automatically and they are classified into positive and negative elements. Through the Boolean operations of the elements, a 3D solid model of the sheet-metal part can then be created. In addition to proposing the methodology for automatic 3D modeling from 2D drawings, this thesis also develops a prototyping system to implement the proposed methodology. Microsoft Visual C++ is used to write the programming codes for implementing the analysis of 2D entities and the searching of loops. As for the creation of 3D solid models, the geometric kernel ACIS in conjunction with the MFC functions in Visual C++ is adopted.