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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dřevokazné houby'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Kubištová, Pavla. "Problémy s patogenními houbami v parku Stromovka." Master's thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-258273.

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The thesis describes characteristics of the study area, Královská obora, where the investigation was carried out in the field. It also engages in the description of the studied trees, wood-decaying fungi and damage of trees that occurs and causes problems here, in Stromovka, especially in the most visited areas of the park. Various injuries are a common cause of infection of pathogenic fungi that threatens a stability of trees and hence a safety of the park visitors. Health assessment conducted in location in the park Stromovka, which are problematic due to the occurrence of wood-decaying fungi. The locations were placed at the Planetarium, for the track and along the track. It was focused on the occurrence Meripilus giganteus on beeches, whom they are in the park problems with, particularly on heavily visited sites. 663 trees were inspected in total. The statistical analysis showed that most of the damages of trees in the park Stromovka was dry branches (12 % of the total trees ), probably it was as a result of above-average temperatures in 2015. Only 3 % of the total number of inspected trees were infected by wood decaying fungi. Most of the trees were infected by Inonotus cuticularis (23 % of the total number of found wood-destroying fungi). Meripilus giganteus caused 14 % of the total number of found wood-destroying fungi dameges on the trees in the area. The infestation by pathogenic fungi was not significant on the inspected trees, it could be caused by above average temperatures and below-average rainfall in 2015. At the same time their presence was influent by a felling of trees in studied area from November 2014 to the end of March 2015. It was decided on the basis of dendrological research, that the identified riskiest trees infested by fungi and dying trees with disrupted stabilitye.

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Křivánková, Soňa. "Průzkum a hodnocení stavu dřevěné konstrukce." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226973.

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This work is focused on compilation of general diagnostic methods used for diagnostic of wooden structures specifically listed wooden roof truss of church st. Bartholomew in Ivan. The main impulse of diagnosis was extensive damage and attack of truss and effort on rehabilitation and construction of the entire building of the church with an emphasis on preserving historical values. Diagnosis of truss was based on the research used sense and instrumental methods. In the first step, identify all dimensions of the individual elements of the structure was determined, the type truss system was intended. Follow-up survey was focused on determining the extent and causes of damage. In design of the rehabilitation process emphasis is placed on structural rehabilitation provided by follow-up processes, such as preventive chemical protection.

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Bartlová, Jana. "Návrh rekonstrukce dřevěných konstrukcí stávajícího objektu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227155.

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The content of this work was to carry out construction-technical survey of timber structures of the existing building in order to design an appropriate procedure for their reconstruction. The survey showed construction in an unsatisfactory to disrepair, so further work also includes the static calculation of new structures proposed instead of the current. Timber structure in the building has form of staircase, roof and ceiling construction. Newly designed the following types of stairs and roof trusses from which the lower belts are used as ceiling beams. The new proposal also includes possible roofing, roofing options, developed one of them. The work also includes drawings, bill of materials and cost estimate staircase structure and truss. Specialization in the field of civil engineering is represented by drawings of the new truss and passport (view of current state) whole object on parcel ST.74 / 1, land Tišnov (okr.Brno-venkov), the content of which was the basis for this work.

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Červený, Radek. "Průzkum a hodnocení dřevěného krovu historické budovy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225715.

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My dissertation is based on the appraisal of wooden roof construction in baroque church Nanebevzetí Panny Marie in Vranově nad Dyjí. The main reason of this appraisal was preserving the church´s interior which was newly reconstructed with high historical value. The dissertation includes also the rehabilitation solution. The appraisal was based on the research witch used sense and instrumental methods. In the first part were found out all size of each construction´s parts and was established the type of rafters´ systém. Then the research solved some impaired wooden parts and their reasons. For suitable rehabilitation solution was defined the transition between well and impaired part. The best rehabilitation solution is the construction solution by the conditions using further procedures, e.g. preventive chemical protection.

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Štourač, Martin. "Stavebně technický průzkum rodinného domu a návrh sanace krovu." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-88622.

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Kozárek, Jiří. "Odolnost vybraných druhů aglomerovaných materiálů proti působení dřevokazné houby Serpula lacrymans." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-90931.

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Vršanská, Martina. "Studium produkce a imobilizace ligninolytických enzymů u dřevokazných hub." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-425010.

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The doctoral thesis deals with the production and immobilization of ligninolytic enzymes produced by wood decay fungi. Part of the results was published in internationally reviewed journals with an impact factor and at conferences. The general point of view, this work has contributed to the development of knowledge in the area of immobilization, namely CLEA immobilization and the use of the immobilized enzyme to degrade organopollutans and toxic synthetic dyes commonly found as waste products of the textile industries. First part of this work examines the screening of suitable white rot fungal strains. In the study, 25 strains of white rot fungi were tested. Different copper concentrations were used as inducer of laccase activity and two different substrates (ABTS, syringaldazine). Trametes versicolor and Fomes fomentarius strains were chosen as the most promising strains for laccase production in liquid media and further testing demonstrated good degradation ability against synthetic dyes and contaminated wastewater. The second part is dedicated to the purification of enzymes (laccase) in two strains (Trametes versicolor, Fomes fomentarius). First, the laccase was precipitated with 75 wt% ammonium sulfate then the glutaraldehyde was used to form cross-linked CLEA enzyme aggregates. The third thematic area concerns the optimization of precipitation and preparation of CLEA immobilized laccase and application of free and immobilized CLEA laccase for the decolorization of synthetic dyes.

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Slánský, Josef. "Degradace historického dřeva dubu dřevokaznými houbami." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-88581.

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Šťastný, Petr. "Tlející dřevo a mykoflóra v PR Čerňava." Master's thesis, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-95651.

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Vymětalík, Jan. "Degradace dřeva meranti napadeného dřevokaznou houbou (Trametes versicolor)." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-88664.

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Mičunda, Jan. "Zaměření a stavebně-technický průzkum krovové konstrukce kostela Sv. Matouše v obci Postřelmov." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-180064.

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This thesis assesses the state of the truss and steeple of the church of St. Matthew in Postřelmov. The main objectives are to draw the construction, conduct construction-technical survey and and date the construction using dendrochronology. The basic assessment consists in the analysis of the individual parts of the building and their typology. The drawing part of the thesis focuses on the truss, including the steeple. The objectives of the construction-technical evaluation are to assess the structural protection, to locate, identify and detect biological pest infestation; the dendrochronological dating will try to determine the exact year of construction and dates of potential repairs. According to the results, remedial measures will be proposed designed to maintain wood elements in a satisfactory condition.

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Hašová, Jiřina. "Stavebně-technický průzkum krovové konstrukce kostela sv. Františka Serafínského v Lipníku nad Bečvou." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-362119.

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The subject of this thesis was to make a constructive-technical research on timbers of St. Francis Seraph church in Lipník nad Bečvou. This church is registered into national list of sights as a sight number 29870/8-485. It is a Gothic-Renaissance building dating from 1590-1593. The roof above the cancel and nave consists of free floors dollar beams, queen post and truss frames. The aim was to reveal biotic damage to individual elements of timbers and to determine the extent of the damage. The evaluation of timbers was based on sensory and devices research. The roof was attacked mostly house longhorn beetle, rotting, especially in places where there was high humidity. The damage was caused mainly on wall beams and camping piece of tie beams. Based on achieved results we suggested remedial measures which are intended to preserve the built of wood, which is in a satisfactory condition. This thesis also deals with dendrochronological dating where we tried to determine the age of construction by dendrochronological analysis. The roof above the nave and chancel was dated to the period 1769-1771. Thesis is completed with anatomical determination of forest species which were used in individual parts of timbers. The results provide information for planned reconstruction of monument considering its current constructive - technical condition.

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Lička, Dalibor. "Management tlejícího dřeva a jeho význam pro biodiverzitu lesních ekosystémů a pro lesní hospodářství." Doctoral thesis, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-93379.

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Přibylová, Zdeňka. "Porovnání účinnosti metod extrakce tropických dřev na základě analýzy získaného extraktu a jeho vlivu na dřevokazné houby." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-428119.

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The thesis compares the efficiency of two extraction methods: using the FexIKA apparatus and using ultrasound. To compare the extraction methods, extracts from merbau (Intsia bijuga O.Ktze.) and jatoba (Hymenaea courbaril L.) were created. These tropical woods were ground and extracted. From the extracts, three concentrations of protective substances were created. The protective substances were tested to determine the content of extractive compounds and polyphenolic compounds. The obtained protective substances were impregnated into the wood of common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). The impregnated beech and pine samples were tested to determine the protective effectiveness against Trametes versicolor L. and Coniophora puteana P. Karst. From the acquired data, the loss of mass of the wood was assessed. The results showed that only samples impregnated with the protective substance with concentration of 3 showed adequate protection. Analysis of the protective substances showed a higher yield when using FexIKA on Merbau wood. Jatoba wood extraction showed a slightly higher yield when extracting using ultrasound. In general, the samples impregnated with extracts obtained using FexIKA showed lower mass loss than samples impregnated with extracts obtained using ultrasound.

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Švec, Karel. "Vliv fyzikálních metod a nových chemických preparátů na bázi nanočástic na vybrané dřevokazné houby napadajících dřevěné konstrukce - možnosti a limitace moderních metod prevence." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-348331.

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83 Abstract The work focuses on the physiology of wood-rotting fungi and the possibilities of their inhibition by physical methods (microwave and gamma irradiations, dry heat) or newly developed chemical preparatives contaning metallic nanoparticles. The effect of abovementioned treatments on mycelial growth, activities of extracellular enzymes responsible for wood degradation and on spore germination or viability was studied in selected strains of wood-rotting fungi obtained from culture collection (Coniophora puteana, Fibroporia vaillantii, Gloeophyllum sepiarium) or isolated from infected buildings (Serpula lacrymans).

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Nevrlý, Ondřej. "Vliv jednotlivých fázi výrobního procesu Lignamonu a jejich vzájemných interakcí na výslednou odolnost vůči dřevokazným houbám." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-428084.

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In this work is discussed about material Lignamon, which has been industrially produced in the former Czechoslovakia since the 1970s. The production of this material, mainly from beechwood, combines plasticization with gaseous ammonia, densification of material by hydraulic press and heat stabilization at 180 ° C. The aim of this work is to determine the effect of these processes on the resulting resistance to wood-decaying fungi. Lignamon has a very high resistance to wood-decaying fungi and is classified as very durable according to EN 350 - 1. For each phase of the Lignamon process, samples were produced to best illustrate the changes that take place during the given phase in the wood. In particular, sample sets treated with ammonia gas, densified samples, heat-treated samples, and samples on which a combination of ammonia gas impregnation and thermal modification were performed. The resistance to wood-decaying fungi have been tested according to EN 113, including a set of Lignamon samples. The results of this test were statistically evaluated and it was found that ammonia treatment has the greatest influence on the durability of Lignamon, as well as the heat treatment and not so significantly densification. Individually, however, none of these modifications cause wood resistance to wood-decaying fungi as their combination in the production process of Lignamon.

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POUSKA, Václav. "The role of wood decay fungi in the dynamics of a mountain spruce forest." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-110456.

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This thesis is focused on environmental preferences of wood-decaying fungi and their relationships with forest structure and development. Relationships of fungi to properties of wood and forest stands were studied on the basis of field observations in Central-European mountain spruce forests. Plot-based approach was used to reveal a general pattern in the diversity of fungi within a single forest stand and between different stands. The analysis of stand structure provided a background for plot-based approach. Substrate-based approach was used to study single species preferences and their communities. In addition, the influence of wood properties (including fungi and their rots) on the regeneration of spruce on logs was studied.

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Bernardová, Natálie. "Struktura, vývoj a funkce mikrobiálních společenstev v odumřelém dřevě." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-434014.

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Dead wood is one of the most important reservoirs associated with forest ecosystems. In natural forests, its volume is counted in hundreds of m3 ha-1 , whereas it reaches only tens of m3 ha-1 in productive commercial forests. In contrast to soil and plant litter, deadwood is unevenly distributed on the forest floor. The specific physicochemical properties such as high content of recalcitrant polymers, low nitrogen level and impermeability negatively affect the rate of decomposition especially in the initial stages of wood deconstruction. The deadwood decomposition is very slow in comparisons with other substrates, it accumulates and thus it represents the important reservoir of nutrients. This thesis is focused on the structure, development and function of microbial (fungal) community in decomposing deadwood in unmanaged forest. Functional screening of fungi isolated from fruit bodies collected from coarse deadwood was set aside. Physico-chemical properties of deadwood including pH, carbon and nitrogen content and microbial biomass were estimated for four wood decomposition stages and three different tree species. New generation sequencing (Illumina MiSeq platform) was applied for fungal community structure analysis based on ITS2 fragment. Fungal functional screening was based on physico-chemical...

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Dvořák, Radomír. "Hodnocení stavu dřevěných prvků krovu kostela sv. Jakuba v Brně pomocí ultrazvukové metody s vyhodnocením míry jejich poškození." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-430939.

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This final work deals with the evaluation of a truss structure and its wooden elements of St. James church located in Brno. The building is enrolled to the list of a National cultural monuments. The aim was to detect the damage done as well as to determine its range to particular elements. The evaluation of a truss was based on a survey made by sensoric and instrumental methods. Two devices were used for these measurements - Arborsonic Decay Detector and Fakopp UltraSonic Timer at which the spike and cylindrical sensors were used. To compare and determine the conformity or differentiation of the above said ultrasonic devices were used statistical analysis of the results. The structure was found infested with wood decaying insects and wood-destroying fungi mainly in tie beams, collar ties and pentagonal purlins. This damage was evaluated and the level of damage was determined together with its range. The result was recorded in drawings (top view plan). This drawing together with other results will serve as a basis for further phase of reconstruction which is planned to be made to this historically valuable structure.

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