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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Drilling cuttings'
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1
Campos, Wellington. "Mechanistic modeling of cuttings transport in directional wells /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1995. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9527819.
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Becker, Thomas Edward. "Correlations for drill-cuttings transport in directional-well drilling /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1987. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/8712608.
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3
Junin, Radzuan bin. "Downhole disposal of oil-rig drill cuttings." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339712.
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4
Ettehadi, Osgouei Reza. "Determination Of Cuttings Transport Properties Of Gasified Drilling Fluids." Phd thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612676/index.pdf.
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The studies conducted on hole cleaning have been started with single phase drilling fluids for vertical holes in 1930&rsquos, and have reached to multiphase drilling fluids for directional and horizontal wells today. The influence of flow rate and hole inclination on cuttings transport has been well understood, and many studies have been conducted on effective hole cleaning either experimentally or theoretically. However, neither the hydraulic behavior nor the hole cleaning mechanism of gasified drilling fluids has been properly understood. The aims of this study are to investigate and analyze the hole cleaning performance of gasified drilling fluids in horizontal, directional and vertical wells experimentally, to identify the drilling parameters those have the major influence on cuttings transport, to define the flow pattern types and boundaries as well as to observe the behavior of cuttings in detail by using digital image processing techniques, and to develop a mechanistic model based on the fundamental principles of physics and mathematics with the help of the experimental observations. A mechanistic model is developed with the help of the obtained experimental data. Developed model is used for estimating optimum flow rates for liquid and gas phases for effective cuttings transport as well as for determining the total pressure losses and void fraction of each phase for a given drilling conditions. The v mechanistic model obtained using the experimental data within the scope of this study will be used to develop the hydraulic program and equipment selection to be used in the field during underbalanced drilling applications.
5
Loh, Weng Wah. "Real-time monitoring of drilling cuttings transport using electrical resistance tomography." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501704.
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6
Ezekiel, Ekerette Elijah. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF DRILLING MUD RHEOLOGY AND ITS EFFECT ON CUTTINGS TRANSPORT." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for petroleumsteknologi og anvendt geofysikk, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-19792.
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7
Luo, Yuejin. "Non-Newtonian annular flow and cuttings transport through drilling annuli at various angles." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1477.
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This thesis presents the results of the investigations in two areas, i.e. non-Newtonian annular flow and cuttings transport in drilling annuli at various angles. In the first part of the thesis, a review of the fundamentals and the previous studies on laminar concentric annular flow of non-Newtonian fluids is given at first. Then two parallel theoretical studies are performed, respectively, on: a. Laminar eccentric annular flow of power-law and Bingham plastic fluids. In this analysis, a new method is used which treats an eccentric annulus as infinite number of concentric annuli with variable outer radius. The analytical solutions of the shear stress, shear rate, velocity and the volumetric flowrate/pressure gradient are obtained over the entire eccentric annulus. This analysis is useful in design of any engineering operations related to eccentric annular flow such as oil drilling operations. b. Laminar helical flow of power-law fluids through concentric annuli. A group of dimensionless equations are derived in this analysis for the profiles of the apparent viscosity, angular and .axial velocities, and for the volumetric flowrate. These equations are essential when one needs to simulate the helical flow conditions in various engineering operations. In addition, another group of dimensionless equations are also derived for pressure gradient calculations which can be used directly by drilling engineers to predict the reduction of the annular friction pressure drop caused by drillpipe rotation during drilling operations. The second part of the thesis is dedicated to the investigations into the problems directly related to cuttings transport through drilling annuli at various angles. First, both theoretical and experimental studies on settling velocities of drilled cuttings in drilling fluids are conducted using new approaches to account for the non-Newtonian nature of drilling fluids and for the shape irregularity of drilled cuttings. Based on experimental results, a generalised model is developed for calculating settling velocities of variously shaped particles in power-law fluids. Then, the effects of various parameters on cuttings transport during drilling operations are analysed based on the previous and the present studies. After that, an extensive theoretical analysis for the previous studies on the minimum transport velocity (MTV) in solid-liquid mixture flow through pipelines, on initiation of sediment transport in open channels and on MTV for cuttings transport in deviated wells is presented. At last, theoretical studies on the minimum transport velocity for cuttings transport in drilling annuli at various angles are conducted and two parallel general correlations are developed. When these correlations are experimentally verified and numerically established in the future, they can be served as general criteria for evaluating and correlating the effects of various parameters on cuttings transport, and as a guideline for cuttings transport programme design during directional drilling.
8
Micheli, Paola. "Assessment of available technologies for treatment of drilling cuttings considering economical and geographical conditions." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
Find full textAbstract:
The aim of the thesis is to outline why hydrocarbons still so important nowadays and how to manage the environmental impact in a sustainable way, in particular the management and disposal of the waste stream of drilling cuttings.
The paper present the importance of the Oil and Gas sector, the petroleum generation, the Oil and Gas exploitation and production and the waste stream generated by it with a particular focus on drilling muds and drilling cuttings.
An analysis among the different types drilling muds (i.e. drilling fluids) in particular on the oil-based (OBM) one has been performed because of the important environmental impact and the consequently waste management needed. Among the different possible technologies have been analyzed in detail the more reliable one according with the economical, legal and environmental constrains. The chosen technologies are Solidification/Stabilization (S/S), Composting (bio-pile technology), Thermal desorption, Cement Plant AFR (Alternative Fuels and Raw Materials and Eko/grid technology.
A business plan has been implemented to understand which one between those technologies is the more suitable in some possible different scenarios where the main driver take in account are local actual economical, social and political situation, law limits, logistic and duration of the project
Ten different cases have been studied, two different scenarios for each of the five chosen technologies.
The two different chosen scenarios are Europe and North Africa
The results presented shall be taken as an exercise the demonstrate how to approach a new business in the field of Drilling Waste Management (DWM) and calculate a DWM Company start-up costs and finance required and a basic P&L (Profit & Loss).
The business plan model in the way has been implemented can be used to assess quickly the convenience of one technology with respect another for a Start Up company or can be a tool used for assessing a new investment linked to a project.
9
Adegbotolu, Urenna V. "Demulsification and recycling of spent oil based drilling fluid as nanofiller for polyamide 6 nanocomposites." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/3136.
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Spent oil based drilling fluid and cutting wastes are global liabilities due to their hazardous hydrocarbon content which impacts negatively on flora, fauna, and global carbon footprint. The formulation of two demulsifiers to ensure chemically enhanced phase separation of this waste into oil, water and solid components was successfully carried out in addition to recycling the solid phase into PA6 nanocomposite materials. Initial characterisation of the untreated waste was carried out by Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) for total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) analysis, Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICPOES) for quantitative elemental analysis and Energy dispersive xray analysis (EDXA) for qualitative elemental composition amongst other characterisation methods. The analysis showed that the sample had a high hydrocarbon load of 662,500mg/kg and a high heavy metal load for Pb of 122mg/kg. No As, Cd, Hg were detected. The demulsifier formulations were composed of isopropanol, sodium dodecyl sulphate, poloxamer, sodium chloride, chitosan in 0.2M acetic acid and deionised water for demulsifier S4 and addition of phosphoric acid for demulsifier S3. Hydrocarbon reduction on the extracted solid phase nanofiller S3 and nanofiller S4 was 98.6% and 98.5% respectively after demulsification. The demulsified spent oil based drilling fluid solid extracts were below OSPAR regulation of < 1% oil on cutting by weight. However, recycling of the recovered solid was carried out in order to achieve environmentally sustainable management of the waste in Polyamide 6 (PA6) nanocomposite manufacture/fabrication. The formulation of different blends of PA6 nanocomposite materials from untreated, demulsifier treated and thermally treated drilling fluid and cuttings was successfully achieved. Nanocomposite leaching test showed Pb immobilisation. The flexural and compressive - modulus and strength of the PA6 were markedly improved in the presence of the nanofillers and glass fibre. This was attributed to the reinforcement, exfoliating, stiffening, rigidity effect of the nanofillers. S6 (untreated drilling fluid) nanofillers significantly improved the mechanical properties of PA6. This was attributed to the increased interfacial bonding between the fillers and the polymer matrix as a result of the petroleum hydrocarbon present in the sample. The Thermogravemetric analysis (TGA) results showed that nanocomposites PA6/S3 and PA6/S3/GF30 had improved the thermal stability of PA6 by 13.6% and 38.8% respectively compared to PA6/S2 and PA6/S2/GF30 (simulated commercial nanocomposite materials) that improved PA6 by 9.7% and 35.8% respectively.
10
Dornelas, Breno Almeida. "Análise experimental da tensão de cisalhamento mínima para suspensão de partículas em um leito horizontal." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2009. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6248.
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Previous issue date: 2009-12-22A remoção eficiente de cascalhos ainda é um desafio na perfuração de poços para produção de óleo e gás. O ponto crítico corresponde ao estágio horizontal da perfuração que intrinsecamente tende a formar um leito de partículas sedimentadas na parte inferior do poço em perfuração. A erosão desse leito de cascalhos oriundos do solo perfurado depende principalmente da tensão de cisalhamento promovida pelo escoamento do fluido de perfuração. Utilizando uma bancada experimental, composta de sistema para circulação de fluidos, caixa de cascalhos, unidade de bombeio e equipamentos de medição, investiga-se a tensão de cisalhamento mínima necessária para a erosão de um leito em função das propriedades do fluido e das partículas do leito. A área de observação consiste de uma caixa abaixo da linha de escoamento, para partículas calibradas de areia, em um duto de acrílico. Para as medições iniciam-se as bombas com baixa rotação e são feitos incrementos de freqüência. A cada patamar de freqüência são capturadas imagens de partículas carreadas pelo escoamento, registrando a vazão estabelecida. Com a análise do processamento das imagens define-se o momento em que o carreamento das partículas deixa de ser aleatório e esporádico e começa a ser permanente. A tensão de cisalhamento é determinada pela Correlação PKN (de Prandtl, von Kármán e Nikuradse) a partir da vazão mínima necessária para o arraste. Os resultados são obtidos para o escoamento de água e de solução águaglicerina
The efficient hole cleaning is still a challenge in the wellbore drilling for production of oil and gas. The critical point is the horizontal drilling that inherently tends to produce a bed of sediment particles at the bottom of the well. The erosion of this cuttings bed depends mainly on the shear stress promoted by the flow of drilling fluid. The shear stress required to drag cuttings bed is investigate according to the fluid and particles properties, using an experimental assembly, composed of a loop for circulation of fluids, of a particle box, of a pump system, camera and measuring equipment. The area of observation consists of a box below the line of flow, for calibrated sand particles, in an acrylic duct. The test starts with the pumps in low frequency and are made the increments. At each level of frequency are captured images of particles carried and it is records the established flow rate. The erosion criteria is defined when the drag particle no longer be random and sporadic, and begins to be permanent. The shear stress is determined by the PKN correlation (by Prandtl, von Kármán, and Nikuradse) from the minimum flow rate necessary to start the erosion process. Results were obtained for the flow of water; and of water and glycerin solution
11
Petri, Júnior Irineu. "Secagem por micro-ondas na descontaminação de cascalhos de perfuração." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2014. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/15227.
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In the process of drilling, the rock fragments generated by the drill are taken from the well to the surface by the drilling fluid. The drilling fluid used in Brazil is made by synthetic oil, it presents several advantages over other types of drilling fluid. However, it has the disadvantage of having high toxicity and low biodegradability, requiring a separation system of drilled cuttings contaminated with this drilling fluid. Currently, the responsible equipment for reducing these levels to the permitted by law is working under extreme conditions and residual levels generated are very close to permitted by environmental legislation. For this reason, the technique of microwave drying has been studied for use in remediation of drilled cuttings and has shown very promising because it presents high efficiency and low operational problems when it is compared to conventional equipment. Therefore, the aim of this work are to investigate the influence of various operating parameters of a microwave dryer, analyze the efficiency of the dryer microwave suited for this job and to obtain operational conditions and information for operating a industrial microwave operating in continuous flow. So were tested influence of temperature, flow rate of inert, initial fluid content, reuse of drilled cuttings, rock type, fluid type and mechanical agitation in microwave drying; tests of drying kinetics and the mapping drying inside the microwave were made. The results showed no difference in drying with the influence of inert flow and the type of fluid, but there was influence of drying temperature, the initial salt content, initial fluid content and rock type. Drying with agitation can increased the removal efficiency in 17 % with 27 mm of bed thickness, rocks with slow heating improve the removal efficiency, drilled cuttings with similar physical aspects have similar removal efficiency. The heating of rocks in the microwave depends strongly of the oxides content in its composition. The temperature control of the bed should be the upper limit of the boiling range of the hydrocarbons present in the drilling fluid. The mapping study showed that there are drying gradients inside the microwave, besides showing the intrusive effect of metals in the material, effect of the edges of the recipes and the position of exhaust fan. The equipment showed to be as efficient as others listed in the literature, which can reduce the levels of n-paraffin to below 1 % by mass.No processo de perfuração de poços de petróleo, os fragmentos de rocha gerados pela broca, são transportados do fundo do poço até a superfície pelo fluido de perfuração. O fluido de perfuração mais utilizado no cenário brasileiro é o de base sintética, pois apresenta diversas vantagens com relação a outros tipos de fluido. Porém, apresenta a desvantagem de possuir alta toxicidade e baixa biodegrabilidade, necessitando de um sistema de separação para que o cascalho contaminado com esse fluido possa ser descartado no meio ambiente. Atualmente, o equipamento responsável pela redução destes teores até os limites permitidos por lei, opera de maneira sobrecarregada e os teores residuais alcançados estão muito próximos do permitido pela legislação ambiental. Por essa razão, a técnica de secagem por micro-ondas vem sendo estudada para ser utilizada na descontaminação de cascalhos contaminados com fluido de perfuração. Essa tecnologia mostra-se ser muito promissora, pois apresenta altas eficiências de remoção e menores problemas operacionais quando comparados aos equipamentos convencionais. Por isso, o objetivo deste trabalho é verificar a influência de algumas variáveis de operação de um secador micro-ondas de bancada adaptado para a descontaminação de cascalhos de perfuração. Além de verificar a eficiência desse equipamento e obter condições operacionais e informações suficientes para o projeto de um micro-ondas semi-industrial contínuo. Para isso, foram testadas as influências da temperatura, vazão de inerte, teor inicial de fluido, reutilização do cascalho, tipo de rocha, tipo de fluido e a presença da agitação mecânica na secagem por micro-ondas; foram feitos testes de cinética de secagem por micro-ondas e feito o mapeamento da secagem no interior do equipamento. Os resultados mostraram que não houve diferença na secagem por micro-ondas para diferentes vazões de inerte e tipo de fluido, porém houve influência da temperatura da secagem, do teor inicial de sal, do teor inicial de fluido e do tipo de rocha. A agitação mecânica aumentou a eficiência de remoção em 17% para um leito de 27 mm de espessura; o aquecimento lento de cascalhos melhoram a eficiência de remoção; cascalhos contaminados que apresentam aspectos físicos iguais apresentam eficiência de remoção semelhantes. O aquecimento de rochas no micro-ondas depende, fortemente, dos teores de óxidos em sua composição. A temperatura de controle do leito deve ser acima do limite superior da faixa de ebulição dos hidrocarbonetos presentes na base do fluido de perfuração. O estudo de mapeamento mostrou que há gradientes de secagem no interior do micro-ondas, além de mostrar o efeito intrusivo de metais no material e efeito das bordas do recipiente. O equipamento apresentou ser tão eficiente quanto outros reportados na literatura, podendo reduzir os teores de n-parafina até abaixo de 1%, em massa.
Mestre em Engenharia Química
12
Bayagbon, Anthony Mamurhomu. "Impact assessment of the environmental protection policies in the upstream oil industry in Nigeria / A.M. Bayagbon." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/6276.
Full textAbstract:
The need for energy and the associated economic benefits from the oil and gas deposits found mainly in
the Niger Delta region of Nigeria necessitated the exploration and exploitation activities being carried
out by the oil and gas Companies. However, these exploration and exploitation activities due to their
unpredictable nature have a huge potential for environmental pollution as been experienced in the form
of oil spills, gas flaring, irresponsible disposal of waste and several other activities that have resulted in
the environmental degradation of the Niger Delta region.
In the light of these, the Federal Government of Nigeria having experienced the consequences of
pollution of the environment during the Koko Toxic Waste Dump incident in the then Bendel State in
1987 established a regulatory body tasked with the responsibility of harmonizing the economic interest
from the oil and gas exploration and exploitation activities with the sustainability of the natural
environment by developing well structured and articulated policies aimed at guiding the operations of
the oil and gas operators, track their compliance and administer appropriate punitive measures for non
compliance.
However, this research work which is aimed at evaluating the impact of the environmental protection
policies in upstream oil and gas activities in the Niger Delta region, involved the use of questionnaires
and interviews. These questionnaires were completed by the management and staff of three major oil
and gas companies operating within the area, the Department of Petroleum Resources and members of
the Host communities. The interview was carried out to provide relevant feedback on their assessment
of the impact made by the environmental protection policies on the upstream oil and gas activities in
their operational areas/host communities.
The study however concluded that “Although there is a regulatory body tasked with the responsibility to
develop, implement and track compliance of the environmental protection policies in the upstream oil
industry, the body is ineffective and as such the impact of the environmental protection policies is
inadequate.
Appropriate informed recommendations on the improvement strategies to the identified gaps that
resulted in the unfavorable conditions were also provided.Thesis (M.Ing. (Development and Management Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011
13
Pereira, Marina Seixas. "Caracterização de cascalho e lama de perfuração ao longo do processo de controle de sólidos em sondas de petróleo e gás." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2010. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/15156.
Full textAbstract:
Drilling, one of the stages of oil and gas exploration, now has as targets regions of
great complexity, with high depths. Coated or contaminated cuttings with drilling fluid are a
result of drilling. The drilling fluids are water-based or non-aqueous based liquids. A more
restrictive environmental legislation and the need to reduce the costs of drilling (exploration
and production) lead to optimization of solid-liquid separation and recycling drilling fluids.
Because oil industry has to submit itself to ever more stringent environmental laws it has
applied a great deal of investments on sustainability research. In this context, this work
provides a study of the characteristics of drilling cuttings and synthetic drilling muds at
different steps of the solids control sistem, in order to know their behavior and its change over
the process. The concentration of water, organic phase and solids in the mud were measured.
The density and particle size of the cuttings were analyzed. The rheology and thixotropy of
the mud were investigated. For this, samples of drilling mud were collected throughout the
solids control system of five PETROBRAS onshore drilling rigs in Bahia (BA). The
concentrations index are so important when investigating the efficiency of operation of the
equipments in the solids control. The density of solids is very close to the density of clays.
The results show that the rheology of drilling mud in the solids control process behaves as a
non-Newtonian fluid, pseudoplastic, viscoplastic and thixotropic. The particle size of solids
varies with operating conditions and always presents two average diameters by sample. The
cutting dryer, a vertical centrifuge, plays a key role in the waste disposal due the stringent
environmental laws, especially on offshore platforms. Thus, in order to research the
optimization or restructuration of this step in the waste disposal, a study was carried on this
equipment and the main points of its structure and operation were reported.A perfuração, uma das etapas da exploração de petróleo e gás, hoje objetiva cenários geológicos de grande complexidade, com elevadas profundidades. Como efluente da atividade exploratória há a geração de cascalhos contaminados ou revestidos com fluido de perfuração. Uma legislação ambiental mais rigorosa e a necessidade de reduzir os custos de perfuração (prospecção e produção) apontam para a necessidade de otimização da separação e reciclagem do fluido de perfuração de poços de petróleo e gás. A atividade petrolífera é desenvolvida em condições cada vez mais restritivas do ponto de vista ambiental, sendo incessantes os estudos e investimentos em busca da sustentabilidade. Como exemplos de equipamentos para o processamento da lama de perfuração podem ser citados as peneiras vibratórias, os hidrociclones e as centrífugas. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho traz um estudo detalhado das características dos sólidos e da lama de perfuração base n-parafina em diferentes pontos do processo de controle de sólidos, com o objetivo de investigar o comportamento dos mesmos e sua alteração ao longo do processo. Foram realizadas análises de concentração de água, fase orgânica e sólidos na lama, densidade dos sólidos, reologia e tixotropia da lama e granulometria dos sólidos. Para isso, amostras de lama de perfuração foram coletadas ao longo do sistema de controle de sólidos em cinco sondas de perfuração terrestre da Petrobras no interior da Bahia (BA). As concentrações analisadas são de grande importância na investigação da eficiência de operação dos equipamentos do processo de controle de sólidos. A massa específica dos sólidos é bem próxima da massa específica de argilas. Os resultados de reologia mostram que a lama de perfuração em todo o processo de controle de sólidos se comporta como um fluido não-newtoniano, pseudoplástico, viscoplástico e tixotrópico. A granulometria dos sólidos varia com as condições de operação e apresenta, no geral, dois diâmetros médios em cada corrente amostrada. O secador de cascalho, um tipo de centrífuga vertical, desempenha papel fundamental na adequação dos resíduos às leis ambientais de descarte, principalmente em plataformas offshore. Assim, visando futuramente a otimização ou mesmo reestruturação desta etapa do processo de descarte de resíduos, foi realizado um estudo sobre esse equipamento e levantado os pontos principais de sua estrutura e operação.
Mestre em Engenharia Química
14
Addala, Srikanth. "Relationship between cutting parameters and bit geometry in rotary cutting." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1553.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2000.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 71 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 64-68).
15
Ali, Naseer A. (Naseer Ahmad). "Adaptive control of robots for cutting and drilling processes." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61094.
Full textAbstract:
Drilling and cutting operations are required in many industrial applications. For example an advanced flexible manufacturing system using robotics technologies may be required to perform such operations. Variation in the mechanical properties of a material to be processed, and compliance add complexity to the already nonlinear robotic system. Thus, these tasks are difficult to perform. For cutting and drilling processes, it is often desirable to maintain a constant cutting force to maintain productivity and also to maintain the quality of the finished workpiece. To counter the effect of the material variations while maintaining a constant cutting force, a controller mechanism is necessary which will react to these variations, and adjust the robot controller's parameters to minimize the effects of the variations on the system's performance.A single-input/single-output (SISO) model-reference adaptive control (MRAC) scheme to cope with varying material hardness, sensor compliance, and non-rigid body dynamics in the control of cutting forces is presented. The controller is formulated to maintain stable, damped, force control when rigid body and rigid contact assumptions are not valid, and when material hardness is variable, in discrete-time and Cartesian-space. It is suited to super-position on a Cartesian-space hybrid control scheme, and implementation on a multiprocessor control system.
16
Malave, Carmen. "Deep hole drilling - Cutting forces and balance of tools." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-20696.
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Drilling is a standard process for producing holes in metal materials. With an increased hole depth the demands increase on both machine and tool. Deep hole drilling is a complex process which ischaracterized by a high metal removal rate and hole accuracy. A hole deeper than ten times the diameter can be considered a deep hole which requires a specialized drilling technique. During adeep hole drilling process, the forces generated on the deep hole drill give a rise to a resultant radial force. The resultant radial force pushes the drill in a radial direction during a drilling operation. The radial force direction is of crucial importance in regard of tool guidance, stability and hole size accuracy. This force affects tool performance, reduces tool life and has an impact on the bore surface. Due to the complex nature of deep hole drilling, Sandvik Coromant wishes to get a better understanding of how their current deep hole drilling tools are balanced. The purpose of this study is to conduct a survey of a number of drills of Sandvik Coromant deep hole drill assortment. The main aim of this study is to calculate and measure the resultant radial force generated during a deep hole drilling operation. The forces are calculated with the aid of a calculation program and test-runs on a number of drills. This report presents the calculated magnitude and direction of the resultant radial force duringentrance, full intersection and at the exit of the workpiece. In addition to the measured values of theresultant radial force during entry and full intersection. Four different drill geometries are evaluated which of two are competitor drills. A deep hole drill geometry is re-modified in aspect to drill stability based on the outcome of the measured and calculated results. The results acquired from the performed calculation and measurements of the resultant showed that the resultant radial force acts in an angular direction that was outside the range between the support pads. This true for three of the four evaluated drill geometries. There were minor differences between the measured and calculated forces which enforce the reliability of the used calculation program. The modified drill geometry of a deep hole drill gave an indication of which geometry variables have impact on the resultant radial force magnitude and angular direction. The data presented in this report can be a base for future development of a deep hole drill toolgeometry in regard to the resultant radial force. Variables affecting the calculated results and theresultant radial force are presented and discussed. The study is concluded with suggestions of futurework based on the acquired data.
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PIRES, PATRICIO JOSE MOREIRA. "THE USE OF DRILLING CUTTING FOR RED CERAMICS PRODUCTION." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=14991@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROAGÊNCIA NACIONAL DE PETRÓLEO
O presente trabalho sugere uma alternativa inovadora para o tratamento e disposição do cascalho de perfuração, um dos mais complexos resíduos da indústria de petróleo contendo, em geral, altas taxas de sais solúveis e hidrocarbonetos. Estas características o tornam um resíduo nocivo ao meio ambiente. Neste trabalho é avaliada a incorporação de cascalho de perfuração na massa argilosa para produção de cerâmica vermelha. O método consiste no processamento industrial, realizado a elevadas temperaturas, a fim de se obter um material sólido, resistente e inerte. A incorporação de cascalho de perfuração na produção de cerâmica vermelha apresentou-se como uma alternativa economicamente viável e tecnicamente segura para o tratamento e destinação final deste resíduo. Uma vez que o processo de queima, inerente a produção de peças cerâmicas, encapsula e reduz a baixos teores os constituintes perigosos do cascalho de perfuração. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho serviram de subsídios para a concessão de licença ambiental para utilização da técnica desenvolvida na remediação de cascalho de perfuração no Estado da Bahia.
This thesis presents an innovative treatment technique for drilling cuttings, one of the most complex wastes of the oil industry. This waste is considered hazardous due to its high salt and hydrocarbons content and poses serious threats to the environment. The treatment process involves the incorporation of drilling cuttings to the clayey soil mass used for making bricks. It consists on applying high temperatures, over 8000C, to the clayey soil mass in order to obtain a solid, resistant and inert material. The results of the experimental programme have shown that this innovative process is technical safe and economical viable. As a result, Petrobras obtained an environmental license in the city of Mata de São João , State of Bahia, to produce in a large scale red bricks using drilling cuttings incorporated to the clayey soil mass.
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Späth, Bastian, Matthias Philipp, and Thomas Bartnitzki. "Machine performance and acoustic fingerprints of cutting and drilling." TU Bergakademie Freiberg, 2017. https://tubaf.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A23182.
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‘It is always dark ahead of the pick!’ This centuries-old miners’ expression still reveals the uncertainty about the upcoming rock properties during exploration and extraction processes. It is still tough to predict what a drill rig or a cutting machine will experience during operation. However, in terms of safety, energy consumption and the performance of the whole machine it would be beneficial to be able to monitor such an extraction process. Hence, different sensors or sensor combinations are tested during cutting and drilling processes within RealTime Mining project. First aim is to depict the machine performance of the machine at any time. In a second step sensor information is also used to conclude on mechanical rock properties during the process.
Measuring the machine performance for cutting and drilling is quite similar and has been condensed under the terms Monitoring-While-Cutting (MWC) respectively Monitoring-While-Drilling (MWD). Both monitoring systems contain a bundle of sensors to depict the whole process. As an example, the energy demand of such a machine can be determined by measuring the power consumption of the engines constantly. Furthermore, the process parameters like advance rates and drilling or cutting speed have to be evaluated as well to be able to depict the whole extraction machine.
To conclude on mechanical rock properties several other sensor solutions have been tested and finally integrated into those monitoring systems. One of the most important rock properties for drilling and cutting is the rock strength. Increasing rock strength during an extraction process leads to increasing forces that are needed to break a certain amount of rock. Hence, e.g. measuring the torque of a drill string or the cutting forces can be an indicator on rock resistance or rock strength. Not minor important, is the characteristic rock breakage behavior which can be classified by the use of ‘acoustic’ sensors. Dependent on the rock properties that currently is drilled or cut through a characteristic fracture occurs in front of the tool. This results in audible and also inaudible characteristic acoustic waves that propagate through the machine body and can be gathered on the machine by piezo-electric sensors. The interpretation of these signals could lead to a material classification already during the extraction process.
Several tests of these sensor technologies have been conducted in laboratory environment as well in field tests. The most promising results are going to be presented.
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Späth, Bastian, Matthias Philipp, and Thomas Bartnitzki. "Machine performance and acoustic fingerprints of cutting and drilling." Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-231193.
Full textAbstract:
‘It is always dark ahead of the pick!’ This centuries-old miners’ expression still reveals the uncertainty about the upcoming rock properties during exploration and extraction processes. It is still tough to predict what a drill rig or a cutting machine will experience during operation. However, in terms of safety, energy consumption and the performance of the whole machine it would be beneficial to be able to monitor such an extraction process. Hence, different sensors or sensor combinations are tested during cutting and drilling processes within RealTime Mining project. First aim is to depict the machine performance of the machine at any time. In a second step sensor information is also used to conclude on mechanical rock properties during the process.
Measuring the machine performance for cutting and drilling is quite similar and has been condensed under the terms Monitoring-While-Cutting (MWC) respectively Monitoring-While-Drilling (MWD). Both monitoring systems contain a bundle of sensors to depict the whole process. As an example, the energy demand of such a machine can be determined by measuring the power consumption of the engines constantly. Furthermore, the process parameters like advance rates and drilling or cutting speed have to be evaluated as well to be able to depict the whole extraction machine.
To conclude on mechanical rock properties several other sensor solutions have been tested and finally integrated into those monitoring systems. One of the most important rock properties for drilling and cutting is the rock strength. Increasing rock strength during an extraction process leads to increasing forces that are needed to break a certain amount of rock. Hence, e.g. measuring the torque of a drill string or the cutting forces can be an indicator on rock resistance or rock strength. Not minor important, is the characteristic rock breakage behavior which can be classified by the use of ‘acoustic’ sensors. Dependent on the rock properties that currently is drilled or cut through a characteristic fracture occurs in front of the tool. This results in audible and also inaudible characteristic acoustic waves that propagate through the machine body and can be gathered on the machine by piezo-electric sensors. The interpretation of these signals could lead to a material classification already during the extraction process.
Several tests of these sensor technologies have been conducted in laboratory environment as well in field tests. The most promising results are going to be presented.
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Gledhill, Peter L. "Cutting and deployment system development for decommissioning of underwater steel structures." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2012. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=196133.
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This thesis was stimulated by the requirement to decommission offshore steel structures in the North Sea Offshore Oil and Gas Industry, but applies worldwide, where Oil and Gas production has ceased. It initially shows the UK Government assessment of the scale of decommissioning in the UKCS where there are several hundred structures with associated pipelines, risers and wellheads that have to be cut into sub-structures and individual pieces and then removed. Factors other than cessation of production drive the sequence and timing of structural decommissioning, such as the price of oil &gas and what new development might require already installed infrastructure. The nature of decommissioning of underwater steel lattice structure of offshore oil platforms called ‘jackets’ and underwater infrastructure is briefly discussed with the focus on cutting. The comparison of the performance of different underwater cutting tools currently most used in decommissioning is investigated with respect to two new underwater cutting techniques not only in terms of speed of cut but also in terms of deployment time and infrastructure requirements. A number of mainstream cutting tools and deployment systems are briefly introduced to provide a background, showing the range of tools preceding those investigated in more detail in terms of cutting and deployment efficiency. During the initial cutting research it was considered that fibre lasers had developed sufficiently in terms of power density, size and cost to be applied to underwater cutting. They were considered to have potential benefits over other underwater cutting techniques due to the continually increasing power density at the cut and have the advantage of a small envelope due to the small size of the potential cutting head The potential footprint of the laser head was envisaged to be similar to that of the rotating electrode arc tool therefore the deployment issues investigated might apply to both. The later development There is little published information on underwater cutting by laser particularly for the Oil and Gas Industry except for application to cutting rock for drilling. Research has been biased towards the nuclear industry using manufacturing techniques for surface treatment and cooling to reduce stress cracking. Fibre lasers are expensive to buy and logistically difficult to rent therefore it was considered that 1.2 kW CO2 laser at the University of Aberdeen (UoA) could be employed in obtaining an insight into the cutting and deployment issues concerned. Thus, the author designed, built and tested an underwater laser cutting head that would interface to the CO2 laser and would work at different orientations, fully submerged underwater in a tank. The trials were designed to assess the relationship of cutting parameters and performance at three orthogonal attitudes underwater, (beam downward, horizontal and upward pointing) to represent the orthogonal approach to horizontal and vertical primary axis tubular members, that comprise a jacket’s construction. The cutting parameters and their effects were then analysed to determine trends, behaviour and technical issues. Although an underwater laser cutting system could use a fibre laser, the CO2 laser enabled preliminary tests to be carried out and the viability of a cutting head to be explored. In the conclusion the design and performance of the laser cutting head is assessed with respect to the performance of other main-stream underwater cutting tools developed earlier. Offshore deployment of the laser cutting head is also discussed. Recommendations for future research and development work, to enable the realisation of underwater laser cutting, are presented.
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BELCHIOR, INGRID MILENA REYES MARTINEZ. "NUMERICAL MODELING OF ROCK CUTTING PROCESS FOR DRILLING OIL WELLS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2012. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=20363@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA
O mecanismo de corte em rocha é determinante na eficiência do processo de perfuração de poços de petróleo. Este mecanismo tem sido estudado através de ensaios de corte com um único cortador. Neste trabalho foram desenvolvidos modelos com o método dos elementos finitos para simular o processo de corte em rocha realizado por um cortador único. Este trabalho está vinculado ao Projeto de Modelagem de Perfuração de Evaporitos sob Altas Pressões desenvolvido pela Baker-Hughes e o Grupo de Tecnologia em Engenharia de Petróleo (GTEP) da PUC-Rio. As simulações numéricas foram feitas utilizando-se o programa ABAQUS. O modelo constitutivo de Drucker-Prager foi descrito e usado para modelar o comportamento da rocha. O modelo de dano isotrópico foi usado para modelar a erosão do material produzida na interação rocha-cortador. Os resultados das simulações com modelos bidimensionais e tridimensionais permitiram analisar a influência da variação da profundidade de corte e da pressão de confinamento na energia específica necessária para realizar o corte em rocha. Observou-se que, até certo limite, quanto mais profundo estiver o cortador menor energia específica será necessária para o corte. A análise da influência da pressão de confinamento mostrou que o corte de rocha em condições atmosféricas fornece valores de energia específica muito próximos à resistência à compressão não confinada da rocha, enquanto que a aplicação de pressão confinante causa incrementos da energia específica.
The understanding of rock cutting mechanism is critical to the efficiency of borehole drilling process. This mechanism is studied through single cutter tests. In this work were developed models with the Finite Element Method to simulate the rock cutting process by a single cutter. This work is connected to the project Modeling of Evaporite Drilling Under High Pressure, sponsored by Baker Hughes in partnership with the Group of Technology and Petroleum Engineering (GTEP) of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro. The numerical simulations were performed using the program ABAQUS. The Drucker- Prager constitutive relationship was used to model the rock behavior. Also, an isotropic model of damage was described and employed for modeling the erosion mechanism that represents the rock-cutter interaction. Two and three-dimensional simulations allowed the analysis of the influence of the variation of cutting depth and confining pressure on the mechanical specific energy required to cut the rock. To certain depth limit, it was observed that for larger depths of cut, less specific energy is required to cut the rock. The analysis of experiments under confining pressure showed that cutting process under atmospheric conditions produced specific energy close to the unconfined compressive strength of rock, while the application of confining pressure showed a remarkable increase in specific energy required for cutting.
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Ali, Md Wazed. "A parametric study of cutting transport in vertical and horizontal well using computational fluid dynamics (CFD)." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2281.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2002.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 108 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 42-46).
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Zhu, Yaoxuan, and Xiaoting Huang. "IMPROVEMENT OF COMPACTED GRAPHITE IRON DRILLING OPERATIONS WITH CUSTOMIZED CUTTING FLUID." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-226315.
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With its higher strength, Compacted Graphite Iron (CGI) is widely used in automotive industry. However, the machinability of CGI is challenging, mostly due to the high temperature in the cutting zone and the higher cutting force. This paper studies the influence of the different cutting fluids on the machinability of CGI material in drilling operations. The investigation compared a few customized cutting fluids having alkaline phase and oil phase, to a conventional cutting fluid. The oil phase of customized cutting fluid can help reduce the friction force in the machining process. The flank wear measurements showed there is no significant difference among the fluids. The thrust force measurements, however, showed that the customized cutting fluids could effectively reduce the cutting force by nearly 20%. By using the customized cutting fluid, the machining of CGI materials could either use higher feed rate to reduce cycle time when keeping the cutting force same, or use the same process data while reducing energy consumption.Inom bilindustrin används ofta kompaktgrafitjärn eftersom det har hög hållfasthet. Att bearbeta kompaktgrafitjärn är utmanade främst pga att det krävs hög temperatur och mycket kraft för att skära/borra materialet. I den här avhandlingen undersöks hur olika skärvätskor påverkar bearbetning av kompaktgrafitjärn under borrning. Skärvätskor där proportionerna mellan den alkaliska delen och oljedelen har anpassats, jämfördes mot traditionella emulsionsvätskor. Oljan i den kundanpassade skärvätskan kan hjälpa till att minska friktionskraften i bearbetningsoperationen. Fasförslitningsmätningen visade att det inte finns någon signifikant skillnad mellan skärvätskorna. Tryckraftsmätningarna visade emellertid att det kundanpassade skärvätskorna effektivt kunde reducera skärkraften med nästan 20%. Genom att använda de anpassade skärvätskorna kan man köra med högre mattningshastighet, reducera cykeltiden eller använda samma processparametrar men med mindre energianvändning.
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Wendling, Ignatz. "An evaluation of the performance of disc coulters." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287830.
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Guo, Zihong. "Experimental and numerical analysis of abrasive waterjet drilling of brittle materials /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7092.
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GAGGIOTTI, KARINA VIOLETA BARRIONUEVO. "CHARACTERIZATION OF SHALES BASED ON DRILLING CUTTING SAMPLES, PRESERVED CORES AND WELL LOGS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 1999. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=1257@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIORDurante a perfuração de poços em seqüências argilosas, tais como os folhelhos, tem-se registrados sérios problemas operacionais e de estabilidade de poço. Estes problemas estão relacionados com as propriedades do fluido de perfuração, as condições de contorno e principalmente, com as propriedades da rocha perfurada. No estudo do comportamento da rocha a determinação das propriedades de resistência e deformabilidade tem caráter prioritário. Porém para folhelhos, características tais como mineralogia, conteúdo de minerais de argila, teor de umidade e porosidade, têm igual relevância. Entre os materiais disponíveis para a avaliação das características do folhelho, têm-se as amostras de calha, testemunhos preservados e perfis de poços. O presente trabalho avalia as metodologias existentes no estudo do sistema folhelho para a determinação das características que são relevantes no processo de instabilidade do poço. Nestas metodologias, incluem-se aquelas aplicadas a estudo das amostras de calha e testemunhos preservados, assim como os modelos de interpretação dos perfis de poço. Ao final são apresentadas recomendações a respeito das possíveis correlações dos resultados obtidos nas duas metodologias.
While drilling shale, it is common to face serious operational and wellbore stability problems. These problems are related to drilling fluid properties, in- situ stresses and mainly rock properties. To achieve a good understanding of rock behaviour, highest priority must be given to strength and strain determination. However, when dealing with shales, we need also to take into account properties as mineralogy, clay content, water content and porosity. The available materials to conduct a shale property study are drilling cuttings, preserved cores and well logs. The scope of this work includes a review of the existent methods for a complete shale stability study. Finally, some recommendations regarding possible correlation between the appraised methods are presented.
Durante la perforación de pozos en secuencias arcillosas, tales como los folhelhos, se han registrado serios problemas operacionales y de estabilidad del pozo. Estos problemas están relacionados con las propriedades del fluido de perforación, las condiciones de contorno y principalmente, con las propriedades de la roca perforada. En el estudio del comportamiento de la roca, la determinación de las propriedades de resistencia y deformabilidad tiene caráter prioritario. No obstante, para folhelhos, características tales como mineralogía, contenido de minerales de arcilla, teor de humedad y porosidad tienen igual relevancia. Entre los materiales disponibles para la evaluación de las características del folhelhos, se tienen las muestras de canal, testimonios preservados y perfiles de pozos. El presente trabajo evalúa las metodologías existentes en el estudio del sistema folhelhos para la determinación de las características que son relevantes en el proceso de inestabilidad del pozo. En estas metodologías, se incluyen aquellas aplicadas al estudio de las muestras de canal y testigos preservados, así como los modelos de interpretación de los perfiles de pozo. Al final se presentan recomendaciones con respecto a las posibles correlaciones de los resultados obtenidos en las dos metodologías.
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Gupta, Aniruddha. "Study of cutting speed on ultrasonic assisted drilling of carbon fibre reinforced plastics." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/81993/.
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Workpiece damage generated during conventional drilling (CD) of carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP) (such as delamination, matrix cracking, fibre pull out etc.) results in reduced fatigue strength, poor assembly tolerance and compromised structural integrity of the component. Avoidance of such damage during drilling of CFRP is a challenge for the aircraft and aerospace industries. At present, it requires a lot of resources and huge cost in order to generate damage free holes in CFRP in the industries. Therefore, the industries (such as BAE Systems) are looking for alternative hole producing processes for damage free drilling. It has been reported that thrust force during drilling should be reduced in order to reduce exit delamination. Ultrasonic assisted drilling (UAD) has been found to reduce the cutting and thrust forces during drilling of metals when compared to CD. Although limited attempts employing UAD indicate a reduction in thrust and cutting forces and damage when machining CFRP, this process has not been examined in detail with respect to optimising machining parameters in relation to machining theory. In addition, there has been limited research regarding the effect of the UAD process on overall workpiece damage as a result of drilling of CFRP. The focus of this research was the identification of the mechanism responsible for thrust force reduction in UAD in comparison to CD during drilling of CFRP which would help in selecting the machining parameters resulting in minimum workpiece damage. Consequently, the cutting speeds resulting in reduced forces and damage were investigated. As a fundamental concept in machining theory, higher rake angles result in lower cutting forces and improved surface roughness. Calculations of effective normal rake angle at the cutting edge of a twist drill in UAD revealed a maximum of 62° and 49° effective rake angle at 10 and 100 m/min (40160 Hz, 7.3 μm peak-to-peak amplitude) respectively for a new tool. Employing knowledge of the effective rake angle, experiments were performed at specific cutting speeds in order to examine the effects of UAD on forces and damage during drilling of CFRP and compared to CD. Further work employed a pilot hole to remove the contribution of chisel edges so that influence of effective rake angles at the cutting edges could be examined. Through-hole drilling tests, comparing UAD and CD, employing a constant feed rate of 0.05 mm/rev and two cutting speeds (10 and 100 m/min) were carried out. At 10 m/min, there was a reduction in thrust force and torque of 55 % and 45 %, respectively when utilising UAD with a new tool. 40 % reduction in thrust force and 46 % in torque with 52 μm of tool wear corresponded to 36 % reduction in entrance delamination and 22 % reduction in exit delamination at 10 m/min. At 100 m/min, 20 % reduction in thrust force and 30 % in torque was obtained respectively; however, this did not yield a significant reduction in entrance or exit delamination. Analysis of internal damage did, however, reveal a 55 % reduction in internal damage (i.e. fibre pull-out and fibre disorientation) at 100 m/min. Thus, the key contribution of this research is that low cutting speed is required in UAD in order to achieve the greatest reduction in machining forces (and hence, delamination) at entrance and exit of a hole in comparison to CD. The reason for this was discovered to be higher effective rake angle at low cutting speed in UAD causing the reduction in thrust force and torque. Furthermore, reduction of internal damage in a hole required higher cutting speed in UAD. The results imply that the cutting speed should be varied during drilling a hole in CFRP. In UAD, the cutting speed should be lower at entrance and exit of a hole and higher for drilling the intermediate part. Whereas in CD, the cutting speed should be higher at entrance and exit and lower during drilling of intermediate part keeping the feed rate constant in order to achieve the minimum workpiece damage during drilling of CFRP. The proposed variation of cutting speed during drilling of a hole is possible in the machine used in the present research.
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Bhuvanapalli, Shiv K. "Comparitive [sic] assessment of bit geometry and cutting parameters." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1713.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2000.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 81 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-75).
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Muramoto, Yuta. "Study of drilling properties in bone biomodel." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEC013.
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Le perçage d’os est une compétence chirurgicale fondamentale dans les spécialités telles que l’orthopédie, la dentisterie et la neurochirurgie. Face à la société vieillissante de notre époque, le nombre d'opérations chirurgicales devrait augmenter avec l'élargissement de la proportion de personnes âgées. Afin de répondre aux exigences de plus en plus fortes des soins médicaux, il est nécessaire de permettre une formation chirurgicale adaptée des médecins et le développement de dispositifs médicaux performants. Les biomodèles d’os sont indispensables pour la formation chirurgicale et les essais mécaniques des dispositifs médicaux, avec leurs avantages dans la facilité de manipulation et la cohérence des propriétés des matériaux. Cependant, un biomodèle d’os produit selon les spécifications présenterait des caractéristiques de perçage différentes de celles de l'os naturel. Afin de développer des biomodèles d’os qui couvrent les caractéristiques de perçage de l'os naturel, l'objectif de cette thèse a été de découvrir les relations parmi les propriétés mécaniques, et les propriétés de perçage et la rétroaction tactile. Ce travail est basé sur l'hypothèse que le perçage peut être caractérisé par des propriétés de perçage décrites par les forces de coupe et la température de coupe et que ces propriétés de perçage sont affectées par les propriétés mécaniques des matériaux de travail qui affectent également la rétroaction tactile pendant le perçage. Dans cette étude, nous avons fabriqué des matériaux composites constitués de résine acrylique et d'additifs céramiques et nous avons examiné les effets des additifs sur les propriétés mécaniques et de perçage, ainsi que le retour tactile. Des essais de perçage ont été effectués avec les matériaux composites, de l'os naturel et du Sawbones. Le perçage a été effectué à la fois à vitesse d'avance constante et à force de poussée constante. En outre, des essais mécaniques tels que des essais de flexion, des essais de micro-indentation et des essais de ténacité ont été effectués. De plus, des mesures de rétroaction tactile pendant le perçage ont été effectuées par perçage manuel de chirurgiens expérimentés. Les résultats suggèrent que les additifs peuvent modifier à la fois les propriétés de perçage et les propriétés mécaniques. Cet effet devient plus important avec l'augmentation de la quantité d'additif jusqu'à 40% en poids. Les matériaux composites acryliques comprenant 20% en poids de poudre d'alumine présentent une bonne similitude avec l'os dans la rétroaction tactile pendant le perçage. Ce résultat est considéré comme étant attribué à une force de poussée équivalente lors du perçage manuel, qui est due aux changements des propriétés mécaniques de la résine acrylique dus aux additifs. La force de poussée peut être plus dominante que le couple dans la rétroaction tactile car la magnitude de la force appliquée dans l'axe vertical est cent fois plus grande que dans l'axe latéral lors du perçageDrilling of bone is a fundamental surgical skill in specialties such as orthopedics, dentistry, and neurosurgery. Facing the aged society of our time, the number of surgical operations is estimated to increase along the enlargement in the proportion of elderly people. In order to fulfill the drastically growing demands of medical care, it is necessary to permit high-efficiency surgical training of doctors and development of performant medical devices. Bone biomodels are indispensable for surgical training and mechanical tests of medical devices, having their advantages in the ease of handling and consistency of material properties. However, a bone biomodel produced under the standard specification was reported to show different drilling characteristics compared to those of natural bone. In order to develop bone biomodels that cover drilling characteristics of natural bone, the objective of this thesis was to find out the relationship among drilling and mechanical properties, and tactile feedback during drilling. This is based on the assumption that drilling can be characterized by drilling properties described by cutting forces and cutting temperature, and those drilling properties are affected by mechanical properties of work materials, and likewise affects tactile feedback during drilling. In this study we fabricated composite materials consisting of acrylic resin and ceramic additives, and looked into the effects of additives on mechanical and drilling properties, and tactile feedback of composite materials. Drilling tests were carried out with the composite materials and controls such as natural bone and Sawbones test materials. Drilling were performed under both constant feed rate and constant thrust force. Besides, mechanical tests such as bending tests, microindentation tests, and fracture toughness tests were performed. Furthermore, tactile feedback during drilling was obtained by manual drilling of experienced surgeons. The experimental results suggested that additives can alter both drilling and mechanical properties. This effect becomes larger with the increase in additive amount up to 40 wt%. Acrylic composite materials including 20 wt% of alumina cement exhibit the good similarity to natural bone in tactile feedback during drilling. This result is considered to be attributed to equivalent thrust force during manual drilling, which is brought by the changes of mechanical properties of the acrylic resin owing to additives. Thrust force can be more dominant rather than torque in tactile feedback because the magnitude of applied force in vertical axis is one-hundred times larger than in lateral axis in drilling
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Pazdera, Lukáš. "Hodnocení řezivosti vybraných procesních kapalin v aplikaci MQL." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230808.
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Práce se zabývá mazáním za použití minimálního množství maziva, tzv. MQL. Cílem práce je experimentálně porovnat řezivost 4 různých řezných olejů. Oleje se v práci nazývají A, B, C a D, protože z důvodu utajení nemohou být zveřejněny jejich skutečné označení. Řezivost olejů bude testována při ortogonálním řezání na soustruhu a vrtání. Pro oba druhy operací budou použity 2 obráběné materiály: Korozivzdorná ocel AISI 316L a hliníková slitina EN-AW 7020. Měřené parametry během pokusů budou řezné síly, maximální teplota a drsnost obrobeného povrchu. Experimentální části předchází část teoretická. V této část jsou shrnuty poznatky týkající se problematiky procesních kapalin, aplikace MQL při obrábění, ortogonálního řezání, vrtání zmíněných materiálů a měření sil a teploty.
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Kobaslic, Endi. "A parameter study when drilling holes in flanges." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-12738.
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Stabilitet och vibrationer inom invändiga svarvningsprocesser är ett område som kräver mer forskning. Tidigare studier visar att problem med stabilitet och utböjning är vanligt vid dessa processer och att de orsakar oönskade vibrationer i processen. Vibrationerna har en negativ effekt på bland annat ytjämnheten, som har visat sig vara en viktig parameter vid invändig svarvning. Syftet med den här studien var därför bland annat varit att undersöka utifrån vilka olika skärparametrar en konstruktions stabilitet kan säkerställas för att uppnå kravspecificerad ytjämnhet. Utöver det skapades en rörkonstruktion med 3D-programmet Autodesk Inventor 2017.Studien påbörjades genom att undersöka problematiken inom området, innan beräkningar på skärparametrar påbörjades parallellt med konceptframtagning.Beräkningarna i resultatet visar att utböjningen som uppstår i processen, är högre med den framtagna rörkonstruktionen än utan den. Dessutom krävs optimering av vissa skärdata för att kunna uppnå kravspecificerat värde på ytjämnhet.Beräkningarna fick baseras på en del approximationer vilket innebär att resultatet inte är tillförlitligt och att syftet inte uppnåtts helt.Den framtagna rörkonstruktionen är inte optimalt monterad på svarvmaskinen vilket betyder att monteringssätt måste optimeras. Utöver det är beräkningarna baserade på teori och approximationer och är därför inte lika tillförlitliga som exempelvis fysiska tester hade varit.Stability and vibrations in internal turning processes is a field that requires more research. Current studies show that stability and deflection is a common problem with these processeses and that they cause unwanted vibrations in the process. The vibrations have a negative impact on the surface roughness, which has shown to be a crucial parameter in internal turning.The purpose of this thesis has therefore been to investigate by which cutting parameters a constructions stability can be ensured to achieve a required surface roughness. Furthermore a construction was designed with the 3D-program Autodesk Inventor 2017.The study started with an information investigation about the problems within the area of internal turning, before calculations and investigations of cutting parameters began. Parallel to the calculations of cutting parameters, a development of a construction began.The calculations in the result show that the deflection that occurs in the process is greater with the developed construction than without it. Besides this, an optimization of some cutting parameters are needed to obtain the required surface roughness.The calculation are had to be based on some approximations which means that the result is not reliable and therefore the purpose is not completely achieved.The designed construction is not optimally placed on the turning machine which indicates that the placement of the construction needs optimization. In addition to this, the calculations are based on theory and approximations and is therefore not as reliable as physical tests would have been.
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Mishra, Brijes. "Analysis of cutting parameters and heat generation on bits of a continuous miner using numerical and experimental approach /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5514.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2007.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 104 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 94-96).
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Tomsic, Albert L. "The effect of multiple usages of nickel-titanium rotary endodontic files on cutting efficiency." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10032.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2009.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 44 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 40-43).
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Malý, Martin. "Analýza řezivostnich vlastností řezných nástrojů povlakovaných PVD povlaky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417590.
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In this diploma thesis, literary research about drilling and coating technology focused on PVD coatings was performed. Furthermore, there is an overview of cutting materials. In the experimental part of the work, the attention is dedicated to tests of twist drills from cemented carbide and high-speed steel materials. For these drills, the feed force Ff and the cutting moment Mc were measured when drilling into austenitic stainless steel. At the end of this work, the technical and economic evaluation of the practical part is presented.
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GRESSEL, MICHAEL GERARD. "COMPARISON OF MIST GENERATION OF FLOOD AND MIST APPLICATION OF METAL WORKING FLUIDS DURING METAL CUTTING." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin990120958.
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Pederick, Stuart. "Investigation of the effect of waterjet created slots in improving the performance of tricone drill bits in hard rock /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18616.pdf.
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Schnabel, Dirk [Verfasser]. "Transient Simulation of Cutting-Fluid Flow and Chip Evacuation in Micro Deep-Hole Drilling with Coupled Lagrangian Methods / Dirk Schnabel." Düren : Shaker, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1233547984/34.
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Franko, Matej. "Optimalizace laserového přivařování tvrdokovových řezných destiček na nosnou trubku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231678.
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My thesis is considering the options of manufacturing of the core drill. One of these options is technology of the laser welding, which was described in details in the theoretical part of this thesis. In applied part of this thesis there were experimentally manufactured two pieces of core drills by using Yb-YAG fibre laser technology. One core drill was used for testing of the welding parameters and in the next step, these parameters were applied in real working conditions and were evaluated in final. Result is written down in the final part of my thesis. The second core drill was welded using the best values measured in the fixture, which was especially designed for this purpose.
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Opršál, Ladislav. "Návrh výroby jednoúčelového stupňovitého obráběcího nástroje." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241844.
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The aim of this thesis is to propose a single-purpose stepped cutting tool for the drilling of the cylinder head. The thesis first introduces the current production of the cylinder head, including the description of the cutting conditions and the machines and tools used in the production process. The second part of the thesis is focused on the drilling of a three-step hole for which a step drill bit is proposed. The proposal describes the development of the drill bit, heat treatment, the method of clamping, the replaceable cutting tips used in the production process, additions for further machining and the cutting conditions. The last part of the thesis then deals with the technical-economic analysis, comparing the present and innovated stage of the production of the cylinder head.
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Kaška, Zdeněk. "Obrábění vulkanizačních forem z hliníkových slitin." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417083.
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This diploma thesis is focused on the issue of deep drilling of vulcanization molds from various aluminum alloys. The work will describe a brief description of machined materials and tools for deep drilling, including the production of the vulcanization mold itself. Based on experimental measurements, the analysis of data and knowledge gained from deep drilling of aluminum alloys with different silicon contents will be performed. In the end, the individual components of force loads for both machined materials will be compared
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Blanchet, Florent. "Etude de la coupe en perçage par le biais d'essais élémentaires en coupe orthogonale : application aux composites carbone-époxy." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30164/document.
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L'assemblage de pièces de structures composites, notamment en carbone/époxy, est souvent réalisé par liaison boulonnée. Ceci nécessite le perçage des logements de fixations. Cette opération de perçage doit répondre à des contraintes de fiabilité, de productivité et de qualité d'usinage. L'opération de perçage doit donc être maitrisée, ce qui passe par une meilleure compréhension des phénomènes présents en perçage. Mais l'étude de ces phénomènes se heurte à des obstacles tels que l'aspect confiné de l'opération, la géométrie complexe et variable du foret, la variation de vitesse le long de l'arête principale de coupe... Afin de s'affranchir de ces obstacles, des essais élémentaires représentatifs de la coupe en perçage peuvent être proposés. Ce travail de thèse s'inscrit dans cette optique. Ce travail s'articule autour de trois axes. Le premier concerne une étude de la représentativité des différents essais élémentaires vis-à-vis du perçage. Un outil d'identification de géométrie d'outil est proposé ; il permet d'identifier l'évolution de la géométrie locale des outils coupants et ainsi de proposer des essais élémentaires qui soient géométriquement et cinématiquement représentatifs de la coupe en perçage. Le second axe développé propose une étude des phénomènes présents en coupe orthogonale quasi-statique. Cela permet de s'affranchir des effets liés à la vitesse. Dans ce cadre, des essais de corrélation d'images en coupe orthogonale sont proposés. Ils permettent l'analyse des champs de déplacements et de déformations. Une analyse des efforts générés, de la morphologie des copeaux et des états de surfaces obtenus en fonction de l'angle de coupe et de l'angle ?2 entre la vitesse de coupe et la direction des fibres est également réalisée. Deux types de modèles numériques, macro- mécanique et micro-mécanique, sont proposés. Ils sont confrontés aux résultats expérimentaux. Le dernier axe de travail présente l'analyse des phénomènes liés à la vitesse de coupe en coupe orthogonale. Le modèle macro-mécanique est modifié afin d'intégrer des phénomènes tels que la variation des contraintes à rupture de la matrice en fonction de la vitesse de déformation, ou encore l'évolution du frottement en fonction de la vitesse de glissement. Les résultats du modèle sont confrontés aux résultats expérimentauxIn aeronautical sector, assembly of CFRP composite structures requires the drilling of the fastener holes. Requirements of reliability, productivity and machining quality are imposed on the drilling process. The operation must be mastered, which requires a better understanding of the phenomena occurring during drilling. But the study of these phenomena faces several major challenges such as the confined aspect of the operation, the complex and variable geometry of the cutting tool, the speed variation along the main cutting edge... To overcome these obstacles, elementary testing representative of the drilling cutting phenomena could be implemented. This is the purpose of this work, which is based on three axes. The first is a study of the geometrical and kinematic representativeness of the elementary tests regarding the drilling operation. A tool geometry identification program is developed. It identifies the evolution of the local geometry of cutting tools along the main cutting edges and allows defining the elementary tests that are geometrically and kinematically representative of the drilling cutting. The second axis developed proposes a study of the phenomena occuring in quasi-static orthogonal cutting. Thus, the effects relative to the cutting speed are not considered. In this context, digital image correlation tests during orthogonal cutting are conducted. They lead to the analysis of the displacements and strains fields. Generated forces, chip morphology and machined surface texture are also investigated, in relation to the rake angle and the angle ?2 between the cutting speed and the direction of fibres. For this configuration, two types of numerical models, a macro-mechanical and a micro-mechanical one, are developed. A comparison is made in relation to experimental results. The last axis of this work concern the analysis of phenomena related to the cutting speed during orthogonal cutting. The macro-mechanical model is modified to include such phenomena as the variation of the matrix breaking stress as a function of strain rate, or the evolution of the friction coefficient according to the sliding velocity. The model results are compared to experimental results
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Chen, Sebastian, and Disa Fredriksson. "Utvärdering av löstoppsborrars prestanda : Som ett led i Scanias standardiseringsarbete ienlighet med SPS." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-232576.
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Inom tillverkning är skärande bearbetning en vanligt förekommande process och däribland borrning.Verktygskostnader har stor påverkan på den totala tillverkningskostnaden då till exempel ett heltarbetsstycke i värsta fall kan gå förlorat vid verktygshaveri. Genom sitt arbete med ständigaförbättringar håller Scania sig konkurrenskraftiga med sina produkter av hög kvalitet. I dettaexamensarbete inom masterprogrammet Industriell Produktion på KTH har en specifik typ av borrmed löstagbar borrkrona utvärderats med avsikt att undersöka nya fabrikat.Uppdragsgivaren var motorbearbetningen (DM) på Scania i Södertälje. Arbetet inleddes med attinförskaffa relevant kunskap gällande verktyget som undersöktes. Samtidigt utfördes ennulägesanalys där de använda borrarna på DM kartlades tillsammans med information kring pris,livslängd, m.m. Utifrån kartläggingen sammanställdes statistik som analyserades för att identifierahur stor påverkan en eventuell standardisering skulle kunna ha.Utvärderingen av borrar bestod av praktiska experiment där sju olika verktyg med en diameter på12,2 mm testades under samma förhållanden. Testet utformades i enighet med berörda parter påDM samt efter studier av adekvat litteratur rörande borrexperiment. Fyra parametrar testadesutöver borrarnas livslängd. Dessa var axialkraft, förslitning, håldiameter och spånor. Parametrarnaämnades jämföras och analyseras för att dra slutsatser kring borrarnas prestationer.Nulägesanalysen visade att ett fabrikat utgjorde hela 69% av borrarna på hela DM. Efter slutfördaborrtester hade enbart tre av sju genomfört utan haveri, Borr E, F och G. Samtliga sju borrar visadegodkända spånor och höll sig inom toleranserna för angiven håldiameter. Axialkrafterna varierademellan borrarna där Borr F hade lägst krafter och Borr A högst. Borr E visade bäst motstånd motförslitningar. Utifrån detta valdes borrarna E, F och G att rekommenderas för deras goda prestationermed Borr E på första plats. Utöver det föreslogs att utbudet av fabrikat som kan användas på DMbegränsas för att uppnå kostnadsbesparingar gällande verktygen.Drilling is a common cutting process within manufacturing. Tool costs have great influence on thetotal manufacturing cost since a tool break down can cause an entire work piece to be scrapped.Through their constant work with improvements, Scania stays competitive with their high qualityproducts. This Master Thesis in Industrial Production and Management at KTH has evaluated aspecific type of drill with indexable heads with the purpose of investigating new brands.The Engine Manufacturing department (DM) at Scania in Södertälje requested this project. The taskwas initiated by obtaining knowledge about the tool that were to be investigated. Simultaneously ananalysis of the current state was performed where the drills at DM were mapped out withinformation regarding price, tool life, etc. The statistics were compiled and analysed to identify theeffect of an eventual standardisation.The evaluation consisted of practical experiments where seven different drills with a diameter of12,2 mm was tested under the same circumstances. The test was design in concurrence with affectedparts at DM and studies of adequate literature regarding drilling experiments. Four parameters weretested in addition to the tool life of the drills. These were axial force, tool wear, hole diameter andchips. The parameters were intended to be used for comparing and analysing in order to makeconclusions regarding the performance of the drills.The current state analysis showed that one brand represented 69% of the drills used at DM. Afterfinished drilling tests three out of seven drills managed to complete the test without tool breakdown. All drills produced chips that were acceptable and the measured diameters stayed within thegiven tolerances. The axial forces varied between the drill where Borr F had the lowest force and BorrA the highest. Borr E showed the best resistance against tool wear. From the results the drills thatwere recommended were Borr E, F and G because of their good performances with Borr E in the firstplace. Ultimately it was suggested to limit the amount of brands used at DM to achieve cost savingsregarding the tools.
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Dupák, Libor. "Mikroobrábění nekovových materiálů elektronovým svazkem." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-234155.
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The thesis deals with electron beam micromachining of nonmetallic materials like glass, ceramics and plastics. A brief description of the device on which the experiments were carried out is included; the author has participated on its development. Main topic is experimental study of influence of main electron beam parameters on results of machining. Examined parameters include accelerating voltage, beam current, focusing and speed of machining. Influence of beam deflection is analyzed. Method of sequential machining by repeated passes of the electron beam is presented. Main examined materials are quartz glass, alumina and selected plastics. The usefulness of the technology is shown by several practical applications.
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Santana, Moises Izaias de. "Influência da preparação das arestas de corte de brocas helicoidais no processo de furação." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2015. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1419.
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A preparação das arestas de corte é um processo que tem chamado a atenção na indústria de fabricação e recondicionamento de ferramentas em função dos benefícios que tem trazido especialmente na vida útil da ferramenta. Este processo dá um grande diferencial competitivo àqueles que detém o conhecimento de como aplicá-lo e por isso é mantido como um segredo industrial. No que se refere a brocas helicoidais a escassez de informações é ainda maior, em função da alta complexidade da ferramenta e do processo. O presente trabalho traz os resultados da influência da preparação das arestas de corte (alteração da microgeometria) de brocas helicoidais no processo de furação do aço SAE 4144M temperado e revenido com 38 HRC. O processo manual de escovamento foi utilizado para preparar as ferramentas com arestas arredondadas e o processo manual de limagem para as ferramentas com arestas chanfradas. Foram medidas várias características das peças usinadas tais como: diâmetro, circularidade, desvio de posição, rugosidade dos furos obtidos, dureza, microdureza dos corpos-de-prova, força de avanço e torque do processo de furação, avaliação do tipo e forma dos cavacos gerados no processo. Os resultados mostraram que o processo de preparação de arestas aumenta a resistência da ferramenta ao desgaste e consequentemente aumenta sensivelmente sua vida, especialmente as de arestas arredondadas. Além disso, exerce influência na integridade superficial do furo obtido (circularidade e rugosidade) e na microdureza da região próxima à parede do furo obtido. Não houve diferença significativa no torque entre as geometrias analisadas, porém a força de avanço foi menor para a ferramenta apenas afiada sem preparação de aresta.The cutting edge preparation is a process which has drawn attention from the tool’s manufacturing and refurbishing industry due to specialization to its benefits specially to tool useful life. This process results in a major competitive advantage to those who have the knowledge of its application and, for this reason, it is kept as a trade secret. As far as the twist drills are concerned, the scarcity of information is even greater, due to the high complexity of the tool and process itself. This dissertation presents the results of the influence of the preparation of the twist drills cutting edges microgeometry alteration in steel drilling process SAE 4144M quenched and tempered steel with 38 HRC. The manual brushing process was used to prepare tools with rounded edges and manual filing process was used to prepare tools with chamfered edges. Several features from the machined parts were measured, such as diameter, roundness, position deviation, roughness of the obtained holes, hardness and microhardness of specimens, feed force and torque of the drilling process, assessment of type and shape of the chips from the process. The results showed that the edges preparation process increases the wear resistance of the tool and thereby increases its useful life significantly, especially for tools with rounded edges. In addition, it influences the surface integrity of the obtained hole (circularity and roughness) and the hardness of the region near the wall of the obtained hole. There was no significant difference in torque between the analyzed geometries, however the thrust force was lower for the sharpened tool without any edge preparation.
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Jallageas, Jérémy. "Optimisation du perçage de multi-matériaux sur unité de perçage automatique (UPA)." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00982328.
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L'allégement des structures aéronautiques conduit à associer par stratification les composites aux métaux : on parle alors de multi-matériaux. L'assemblage mécanique des empilages nécessite au préalable des opérations de perçage qui s'effectuent majoritairement sur Unité de Perçage Automatique (UPA). L'objectif des travaux présentés dans ce mémoire est d'optimiser les opérationsde perçage effectuées sur UPA dans des multi-matériaux CFRP-7175-TA6V. Trois axes de recherche ont ainsi été étudiés. Le premier concerne l'optimisation de l'outil. L'utilisation d'une méthode de conception adaptée a conduit vers plusieurs pistes d'améliorations de la géométrie d'un foret. Le deuxième axe traite de la modélisation du perçage vibratoire. Cette méthode consiste à ajouter un mouvement de vibration axiale, au mouvement de coupe. Le dernier axe développe la technique du perçage auto-adaptatif. Une nouvelle méthode est proposée pour identifier les différents matériaux constituants l'empilage.
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Tkáčová, Alena. "Sestavení technologie součásti "cage" ve firmě CCI Brno." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229897.
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This thesis is focused on techology of manufacturing a "cage" component at CCI Brno company. It solves drilling holes to the outside diameter of it. In the first part the company CCI is introduced, and in the second part is focused on component and material analysis. Next step is analyzing present manufacturing procedures and proposing its change. At the end of this thesis is techno-economic comparison of the present and proposed technological change.
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Sedláček, Jan. "Efektivní obrábění vláknově vyztužených kompozitních materiálů." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233910.
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The objectives for this dissertation are to push forward the current state of knowledge in the area of machining fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP). The most common machining operation performed on these materials is drilling owing to the need for component assembly in mechanical pieces and structures. Among the defects caused by drilling, delamination appears as to be of the most critical and may occur at both the entrance and exit plane. A number of theoretical and experimental studies have been made to create an analytical model of delamination in composite laminates. In this dissertation, the critical thrust force (force which initiates the delamination) is predicted using linear elastic fracture mechanics - assuming Mode I. Delamination is investigated by studying the evolution of feed force and torque applied by the tool on the workpiece. A four components piezoelectric dynamometer KISTLER 9272 with special PC-software is used for measuring and evaluating of torque and cutting forces, when drilling two different composite materials: carbon/epoxy laminate fabricated by hand lay-up technique and glass/polyester composite made by pultrusion. Wear mechanisms and location of the wear on the tool are also investigated (with respect to cutting material). The tool wear is measured with help of a common workshop microscope and recorded with scanning electron microscope PHILIPS XL30. Drilling experiments are performed to give complex technical information (i.e. cutting conditions, tool geometry, tool wear and so on) which enables efficient machining of composite materials. Delamination-free drilling is given special emphasis in the experiments. Methods of statistical analysis (DOE) are used to determine which factors have the most influence on delamination.
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Xu, Jinyang. "Numerical and experimental study of machining titanium-composite stacks." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENAM0022/document.
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Dans l’industrie aérospatiale, l’utilisation des matériaux hybrides CFRP/Ti montre une tendance à la hausse en raison de leurs propriétés mécaniques/physiques améliorées ainsi que des fonctions structurelles plus flexibles. En dépit de leurs nombreuses applications, l’usinage CFRP/Ti en perçage en une seule passe reste le principal défi scientifique et technologique de l’assemblage multi-matériaux. Par rapport au coût de production élevé et le temps des recherches basées sur des approches exclusivement expérimentales de l’usinage multi-matériaux, cette étude a pour objectif d’amener une meilleure compréhension de la coupe CFRP/Ti à travers une approche physique hybride qui fait dialoguer les méthodes numériques et expérimentales. Un modèle EF utilisant le concept de zone cohésive a été développé pour étudier l’usinabilité anisotrope de pièces structurales CFRP/Ti à des fins d’assemblage. L’approche numérique explicite, par des études préliminaires, les mécanismes de coupe clés qui contrôlent l’usinage CFRP/Ti. Par la suite, l’approche expérimentale a été conduite sous différentes conditions d’usinage en configuration de coupe orthogonale et de perçage. Une attention spéciale a été consacrée aux effets des stratégies des séquences de coupe CFRP/Ti sur la formation des endommagements d’interface induits. Ces études expérimentales et numériques ont permit (i) d’expliciter les mécanismes physiques activés qui contrôlent la coupe à l’interface ainsi que les endommagements induits par celle-ci, (ii) de préciser les effets des différentes stratégies d’assemblage multi-matériaux sur l’usinage CFRP/Ti, (iii) de définir la classification d’usinabilité CFRP/Ti, et (iv) d’analyser enfin les effets paramétriques géométrie/matériau d’outil régissant l’opération d’usinage CFRP/TiIn modern aerospace industry, the use of hybrid CFRP/Ti stacks has experienced an increasing trend because of their enhanced mechanical/physical properties and flexible structural functions. In spite of their widespread applications, machining hybrid CFRP/Ti stacks in one-shot time still consists of the main scientific and technological challenge in the multi-material fastening. Compared to the high cost of pure experimental investigations on the multi-material machining, this study aims to provide an improved CFRP/Ti cutting comprehension via both numerical and experimental methodologies. To this aim, an FE model by using the cohesive zone concept was established to construct the anisotropic machinability of the bi-material structure. The numerical work aims to provide preliminary inspections of the key cutting mechanisms dominating the hybrid CFRP/Ti stack machining. Afterward, some systematic experimental work including orthogonal cutting and hole drilling was carefully performed versus different input cutting conditions. A special focus was made on the study of the effects of different cutting-sequence strategies on CFRP/Ti cutting output and induced interface damage formation. The combined numerical-experimental studies provide the key findings aiming to (i) reveal the activated mechanisms controlling interface cutting and subsequent interface damage formation, (ii) clarify the influences of different cutting-sequence strategies on hybrid CFRP/Ti stack machining, (iii) outline the machinability classification of hybrid CFRP/Ti stacks, and (iv) analyze finally the parametric effects of the material/tool geometry on cutting CFRP/Ti stacks
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Kachyňa, Stanislav. "Návrh výrobní technologie součásti obráběcího stroje." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229221.
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This thesis deals with design for manufacturing technology single part on machine FS, which is the connecting part. Work deals with the material of this component, therefore, cast iron with lamellar graphite, the properties of this material, primarily focusing on the machinability. Due to the shape and dimensions of the workpiece is also described problems cutting of box parts, the most common operations used in their manufacture, including cutting tools and materials. These findings are then applied in terms of the company TOS Kuřim - OS a.s. An analysis of current manufacturing technology and design is made for its amendment. In conclusion with the technical-economic evaluation.
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Fortunet, Charles. "Zavedení systému kontroly opotřebení při vrtání a řezání závitů do strojních dílů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231706.
Full textAbstract:
The topic of this thesis is divided in two main parts. The first is about the “tool/workpiece pair” method and the second is related to wear monitoring. The entire project will be about drilling and tapping operations done in SNECMA Vernon. In fact, the part is very expensive so they have to be closely controlled to avoid a maximum scrap pieces. Two software will be used to control it. Firstly, the “tool/workpiece pair” will be done through AMC3 (software developed at the ENSAM). And secondly the wear monitoring will be ensured by the software CTM Visu (developed by ARTIS). My task will be to learn how to use those software and then to implement them in the company.