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1

Blackman, R. A. A. "Drilling wastes." Marine Pollution Bulletin 21, no. 5 (May 1990): 257–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326x(90)90352-9.

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2

Prantera, M. T., C. A. Mauro, and M. D. M. Marins. "Landfarming of Drilling Wastes." Water Science and Technology 24, no. 12 (December 1, 1991): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0382.

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Use of the soil as a receptor in the biodegradation of oily wastes is a widespread practice in the petroleum industry. Generated during drilling, these oily wastes may have intrinsic properties that inhibit microbial soil activity. CENPES, the Petrobrás research centre, has been studying disposal of these wastes. The results of physical and chemical analyses were used to select factors that may limit the application of these wastes in soil. High salinity and high baritine (BaSO4) contents, as well as substantial concentrations of some heavy metals, have been studied with the aim of ascertaining the maximum concentration of each at which degradation is still observed. Microbiological assays indicated maximum oil application rates varying from 1 to 20%, suggesting that each waste tested displays a different toxicity.
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3

Wang, Fei, Zheng Liang, and Xiong Deng. "Management of Drilling Waste in an Environment and Economic Acceptable Manner." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 3396–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.3396.

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In upstream petroleum industry, one of the major operations that can potentially impact the environment is drilling. A major component of the wastes generated during drilling are the rock cuttings and the drilling fluids. The drilling fluids can have different chemical composition and various additives. Spilled or improperly disposed drilling wastes have the potential to harm plants and animals, and it should be managed to minimize risk to human health and the environment. The increasing environmental legislation surrounding drilling operations has led to a rapid rise in drilling waste management spending by operators. Managing wastes to minimize their harm potential to health and environment is the international concern and requires efficient management of wastes to reduce the environmental impacts. The management and control of waste which develops from the strategy can also have the beneficial effect of reducing the number of health related issues.This paper presents the waste management including recognizing the waste sources and methods which are used to minimize the impaction to environment and human health from drilling waste. This paper also reviews the strategy of drilling waste management which could reduce the number of health related issues as well as environment pollution.
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4

Galitskova, Yulia. "Use of Drilling Muds for Remediation." MATEC Web of Conferences 196 (2018): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819603001.

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Drilling wells is an ecologically dangerous type of work accompanied by contamination of soil, subsurface and surface waters, pollution of open air with drilling and technological wastes. Throughout the drilling process, drilling waste is generated, such as drilling muds, return drilling muds, drilling waste water. The resulting waste is usually disposed of at landfills, which ensure minimal environmental impact. The use of drilling muds in other spheres is hindered by the complex composition of oily waste. Samples of liquids and solids in drilling wastes, picked at three locations, were subjects for analysis. The waste sample was analyzed for moisture content, organic substances, oil products, silicon, iron and other substances. Based on the studies performed, the authors propose additional introduction of substances possessing high sorption capacity into drilling mud to improve its properties. The most effective way should be using a sorbent capable of retaining organic and heavy metals. The resultant homogeneous soil-like mixture possesses the necessary and sufficient properties to be used as a mineral base for remediation after performing construction work in urban areas.
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5

Rozhkova, O. V., M. T. Yermekov, Ye T. Tolysbayev, S. G. Maryinsky, and A. V. Vetyugov. "PROBLEMS OF STORAGE, REFINERY AND DISPOSING OF DRILLING WASTE OF THE EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION SECTOR OF KAZAKHSTAN. ARRANGEMENT AND OPERATION FEATURES OF SLUDGE COLLECTORS AND OIL STORAGE PITS." Series of Geology and Technical Sciences 2, no. 446 (April 15, 2021): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-170x.47.

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A lot of drilling wastes with various content of oil products is formed annually during production of hydrocarbons in the result of accidents at the facilities of transportation and oil production, soil is polluted. So, main contaminants of the environment are drilling wastes such as drilling, drilling waste water, waste drilling fluid and places of their disposition - sludge pits. Total amount of the oil slurry annually formed at enterprises of the oil sector of Kazakhstan is about 100 thousand ton, and resources of these wastes are estimated in more than 40 mln. ton. The wastes are placed in special sludge pits equipped with watertight screen. However, in spite of the available modern technologies for arrangement of waterproof finish of the drilling waste disposal facilities, high level of soil pollution is still observed. As a rule, pollutions are related to violation of the requirements of the standards during construction and operation of sludge pits, products pipelines, tailing dumps, sludge collectors and temporary storages. Therefore it is necessary to build reliable storages for temporary placement of the formed wastes until their delivery for recovery or disposing, during operation of which there will be no migration of pollutants to the environment. It is suggested to use bentonitic mats as waterproof finish of such facilities - this is innovative by properties, multifunctional composite material, which is combination of textile materials with the layer of the natural self- recovering mineral component - bentonite.
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6

Ikram, Rabia, Badrul Mohamed Jan, Akhmal Sidek, and George Kenanakis. "Utilization of Eco-Friendly Waste Generated Nanomaterials in Water-Based Drilling Fluids; State of the Art Review." Materials 14, no. 15 (July 27, 2021): 4171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154171.

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An important aspect of hydrocarbon drilling is the usage of drilling fluids, which remove drill cuttings and stabilize the wellbore to provide better filtration. To stabilize these properties, several additives are used in drilling fluids that provide satisfactory rheological and filtration properties. However, commonly used additives are environmentally hazardous; when drilling fluids are disposed after drilling operations, they are discarded with the drill cuttings and additives into water sources and causes unwanted pollution. Therefore, these additives should be substituted with additives that are environmental friendly and provide superior performance. In this regard, biodegradable additives are required for future research. This review investigates the role of various bio-wastes as potential additives to be used in water-based drilling fluids. Furthermore, utilization of these waste-derived nanomaterials is summarized for rheology and lubricity tests. Finally, sufficient rheological and filtration examinations were carried out on water-based drilling fluids to evaluate the effect of wastes as additives on the performance of drilling fluids.
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7

Hou, Haiou, Chunxu Ma, Xiaoxuan Guo, Xinyu Li, Maolin Song, Zhenzhong Fan, and Biao Wang. "Performance evaluation of a high-performance offshore cementing wastes accelerating agent." Open Physics 20, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 188–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phys-2022-0020.

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Abstract This article reports a quick-setting agent named AS-G1. In the current offshore oil exploitation, there are usually wastes mixed with the drilling fluid, completion fluid, cement slurry, etc. To protect the marine environment, offshore construction workers need to weakly solidify these wastes so that they can be transported to land for disposal. The accelerating agent can reduce the fluidity of offshore cementing wastes and achieve the effect of solidifying wastes. Compare the time for the three cement slurries to lose fluidity with the addition of accelerating agents. Evaluate the setting time of cement slurry under the action of the accelerating agent after adding two drilling fluids. The solidification effect of this kind of accelerating agent on cementing waste is verified. It can be applied to waste treatment in oil fields.
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8

Shaikh, Amir M. "Environmental management of drilling wastes." International Journal of Environment and Waste Management 17, no. 1 (2016): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijewm.2016.076409.

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9

Veil, John A. "Innovative Technologies For Managing Oil Field Waste." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 125, no. 3 (August 29, 2003): 238–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1586306.

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Each year, the oil industry generates millions of barrels of wastes that need to be properly managed. For many years, most oil field wastes were disposed of at a significant cost. However, over the past decade, the industry has developed many processes and technologies to minimize the generation of wastes and to more safely and economically dispose of the waste that is generated. Many companies follow a three-tiered waste management approach. First, companies try to minimize waste generation when possible. Next, they try to find ways to reuse or recycle the wastes that are generated. Finally, the wastes that cannot be reused or recycled must be disposed of. Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne) has evaluated the feasibility of various oil field waste management technologies for the U.S. Department of Energy. This paper describes four of the technologies Argonne has reviewed. In the area of waste minimization, the industry has developed synthetic-based drilling muds (SBMs) that have the desired drilling properties of oil-based muds without the accompanying adverse environmental impacts. Use of SBMs avoids significant air pollution from work boats hauling offshore cuttings to shore for disposal and provides more efficient drilling than can be achieved with water-based muds. Downhole oil/water separators have been developed to separate produced water from oil at the bottom of wells. The produced water is directly injected to an underground formation without ever being lifted to the surface, thereby avoiding potential for groundwater or soil contamination. In the area of reuse/recycle, Argonne has worked with Southeastern Louisiana University and industry to develop a process to use treated drill cuttings to restore wetlands in coastal Louisiana. Finally, in an example of treatment and disposal, Argonne has conducted a series of four baseline studies to characterize the use of salt caverns for safe and economic disposal of oil field wastes.
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10

Minton, R. C., and Byron Secoy. "Annular Re-injection of Drilling Wastes." Journal of Petroleum Technology 45, no. 11 (November 1, 1993): 1081–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/25042-pa.

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11

Gajec, Monika, Ewa Kukulska-Zając, and Anna Król. "Optimization of Silver Nanoparticle Separation Method from Drilling Waste Matrices." Energies 14, no. 7 (April 1, 2021): 1950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071950.

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Significant amounts of produced water, spent drilling fluid, and drill cuttings, which differ in composition and characteristics in each drilling operation, are generated in the oil and gas industry. Moreover, the oil and gas industry faces many technological development challenges to guarantee a safe and clean environment and to meet strict environmental standards in the field of processing and disposal of drilling waste. Due to increasing application of nanomaterials in the oil and gas industry, drilling wastes may also contain nanometer-scale materials. It is therefore necessary to characterize drilling waste in terms of nanomaterial content and to optimize effective methods for their determination, including a key separation step. The purpose of this study is to select the appropriate method of separation and pre-concentration of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from drilling wastewater samples and to determine their size distribution along with the state of aggregation using single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS). Two AgNP separation methods were compared: centrifugation and cloud point extraction. The first known use of spICP-MS for drilling waste matrices following mentioned separation methods is presented.
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12

Sampaio Junior, Jésus, Nelson M. B. do Amaral, Everaldo Zonta, and Marcio O. L. Magalhães. "Barium and sodium in sunflower plants cultivated in soil treated with wastes of drilling of oil well." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 19, no. 11 (November 2015): 1100–1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n11p1100-1106.

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ABSTRACTThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of the application of two types of oil drilling wastes on the development and absorption of barium (Ba) and sodium (Na) by sunflower plants. The waste materials were generated during the drilling of the 7-MGP-98D-BA oil well, located in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The treatments consisted of: Control – without Ba application, comprising only its natural levels in the soil; Corrected control – with fertilization and without wastes; and the Ba doses of 300, 3000 and 6000 mg kg-1, which were equivalent to the applications of 16.6, 165.9 and 331.8 Mg ha-1 of waste from the dryer, and 2.6, 25.7 and 51.3 Mg ha-1 of waste from the centrifugal. Plants cultivated using the first dose of dryer waste and the second dose of centrifugal waste showed growth and dry matter accumulation equal to those of plants under ideal conditions of cultivation (corrected control). The highest doses of dryer and centrifugal wastes affected the development of the plants. The absorption of Ba by sunflower plants was not affected by the increase in the doses. Na proved to be the most critical element present in the residues, interfering with sunflower development.
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13

Parshukova, L. A. "TO THE ISSUE OF WASTE WATERS PURIFICATION IN WEST SIBERIA OIL AND GAS FIELD FACILITIES." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 6 (December 30, 2015): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2015-6-104-108.

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The article considers the problems of anthropogenic environmental pollution in the oil and gas fields in West Siberia. Taking into account the experience of wells drilling and statistical reports data there was drawn a map of average many-years pollution of open water bodies in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. It is shown that the major pollution is related with drilling wastes in the process of increasing the volumes of drilling and oil and gas production. To reduce the pollution it is offered to use modular plants for treatment of waste waters of BT and BTF type. These plants use will permit to discharge the treated waste waters into the water bodies of fishery purpose.
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14

Deuel, Lloyd E., and George H. Holliday. "Lime Treatment of Oily Saline Drilling Wastes." SPE Production & Facilities 16, no. 03 (August 1, 2001): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/73000-pa.

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15

Spektor, Yu I., Z. Z. Sharafutdiniov, and S. L. Golofast. "REQUIREMENTS TOWARDS THE TECHNOLOGY OF CONSTRUCTION OF PIPELINES CROSSINGS BY DIRECTIONAL DRILLING METHOD." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 1 (February 28, 2015): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2015-1-57-67.

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A problem of construction of pipeline crossings through different obstacles using directional drilling technology is considered. Based on the results of the study of pipeline crossings construction the basic requirements towards the drilling technology, the used drilling tool, drilling muds and the wastes disposal are analyzed.
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16

Zotsenko, Mykola, Yuriyvynnykov ., and Iryna Lartseva. "Watertight Soil-Cement Dump of Oil and Gas Industry Waste." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.2 (June 20, 2018): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.2.14583.

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It is established that the most accessible way of isolation of toxic wastes formed during drilling, development, exploitation and treatment of oil and gas wells products is to dispose them directly in the earth's slime dumps on the territory of the drilling site or beyond. The dump’s pit must have a watertight protective diaphragm, which is durable and resistant to the aggressive effects of toxic waste drilling and exploitation of oil and gas wells. The chemical composition of the borehole mud is determined. The results of experimental laboratory researches of borehole mud aggressive components influence on the physical and mechanical watertight diaphragm characteristics are given. The geotechnical parameters of soil-cement were analyzed with the aim of its application for the arrangement of toxic waste watertight dump’s diaphragm.
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17

SHARAFADDIN, Osama, and Ion ONUȚU. "AN OVERVIEW OF OIL BASED DRILL CUTTINGS WASTE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT AND DISPOSAL TREATMENTS." Romanian Journal of Petroleum & Gas Technology 2(73), no. 1 (2021): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.51865/jpgt.2021.01.04.

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The drilling fluid is essential for drilling operations in the oil and gas industry. It is a complex mixture of organic and inorganic materials blended together to achieve desired multi-functions. There are several types of drilling fluid commonly in use, oil-based drilling fluid considered the most hazardous and harmful for the surrounding environment because of contaminated waste produced, normally consisting of diesel, oil, asphalt, polymers, crude oil and surfactants. Produced drill cuttings are contaminated by hydrocarbons, and other chemical additives. The produced drill cuttings are hazardous for environment as they contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and undesirable heavy metals. Presently, various oil and gas operator companies in Yemen and other parts of the world dispose the drilling wastes in excavated pits or landfill sites. It is not acceptable to deal with such hazardous substances in this manner. Other operator companies use thermal desorption technique as a separation method. This method still has many disadvantages. Therefore, it is vital to search for sufficient and efficient technologies and processes to treat oil-based drilling wastes as the existing methods in use cannot be considered as a viable solution to eliminate the environmental damaged caused by contaminated drill cuttings. This paper review three existing experimental methods of extraction that have significant total organic carbon removal efficiency and highlighted factors that effect on the extraction efficiency. They are; supercritical water oxidation, superheated steam extraction, and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. The stated experimental studies -have shown promising results and efficiency in extraction of carbon content and are considered environmentally friendly.
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18

Magzoub, Musaab I., Mohamed H. Ibrahim, Mustafa S. Nasser, Muftah H. El-Naas, and Mahmood Amani. "Utilization of Steel-Making Dust in Drilling Fluids Formulations." Processes 8, no. 5 (May 3, 2020): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8050538.

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Steelmaking is an energy-intensive process that generates considerable amounts of by-products and wastes, which often pose major environmental and economic challenges to the steel-making industry. One of these by-products is steel dust that is produced during the separation of impurities in the smelting and refining of metals in steel-making furnaces. In this study, electric arc furnace (EAF) dust has been evaluated as a potential, low-cost additive to increase the viscosity and weight of drilling muds. Currently, the cost of drilling operations typically accounts for 50 to 80% of the exploration costs and about 30 to 80% of the subsequent field development costs. Utilization of steelmaking waste in drilling fluids formulations is aimed to produce new and optimized water-based drilling formulations, which is expected to reduce the amount of bentonite and other viscosifier additives used in the drilling formulations. The results showed that in a typical water-based drilling fluid of 8.6 ppg (1030.51 kg/m3), the amount of standard drilling grade bentonite could be reduced by 30 wt.% with the addition of the proposed new additive to complete the required mud weight. The mixture proved to be stable with no phase separation.
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19

Steliga, Teresa, Piotr Jakubowicz, and Piotr Kapusta. "Optimisation research of petroleum hydrocarbon biodegradation in weathered drilling wastes from waste pits." Waste Management & Research 28, no. 12 (December 18, 2009): 1065–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x09351906.

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20

Fallahtafti, Shirin. "Managing Drilling Wastes: Detoxification of Two Formaldehyde-Releasing Biocides." SPE Production & Operations 30, no. 04 (November 1, 2015): 362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/169551-pa.

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21

Gaevaya, E. V., S. S. Tarasova, and E. V. Zaharova. "Ways of Drilling Wastes Utilization Using Ecologically Safe Materials." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 272 (June 21, 2019): 032054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/272/3/032054.

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22

Paladino, G., J. P. Arrigoni, P. Satti, I. Morelli, V. Mora, and F. Laos. "Bioremediation of heavily hydrocarbon-contaminated drilling wastes by composting." International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 13, no. 9 (July 12, 2016): 2227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13762-016-1057-5.

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23

Chambers, David M., and Kendra Zamzow. "Documentation of Acidic Mining Exploration Drill Cuttings at the Pebble Copper–Gold Mineral Prospect, Southwest Alaska." Environments 6, no. 7 (July 4, 2019): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments6070078.

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During exploration drilling of the Pebble copper–gold–molybdenum (Cu–Au–Mo) deposit, drilling wastes were disposed of directly on the landscape or passed through unlined sumps prior to disposal. The ore and host rock are rich in sulfides, which weather to sulfuric acid with consequent metal leaching. Oxidized cuttings were visually evident, and confirmed with laboratory and field testing to have a pH of 2.7–4.3. At these sites, Cu and Mo exceeded or were at the high end of the natural background. With one exception, Cu was in the range of 545 mg/kg to 4865 mg/kg. Dead vegetation was observed at all sites with drill cuttings on the surface. Dead vegetation was also observed on sump soil covers, unrelated to drilling waste. Sites where vegetation had not re-established were from four to thirteen years old. The potential impact to surface and groundwater was not determined. Understanding the source and extent of damage from cuttings could lead to better site management.
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24

Sedykh, Vladimir N., Vyacheslav V. Tarakanov, and Mikhail Yu Telyatnikov. "The influence of willow plantations and soil composition on the process of natural vegetation settlement at oil drilling sites in Western Siberia." BIO Web of Conferences 16 (2019): 00030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20191600030.

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Test cultures of various willow species were created in 1997 on a technogenic sandy site of one of oil deposits (62°46’18.36" N, 72°09’48.69" E). Sixty-five isolated plots, including various soil substrates (sand, peat, drilling wastes), were placed in the testing area of 684 m2. Optimum combinations of substrate components were identified, and the tolerance of willow species to drilling wastes was revealed by the results of investigating 1-5-year cultures [1]. In 2016 we investigated the natural settlement of aborigine plants in this test plot. The willow cultures mortality was high according to short offspring vegetative lifetimes and the limitation of feed areas. However, willow cultures and soil reclamation stimulated a settlement of natural plant seedlings. The comparison of phytocenoses, which were formed in various experimental and "background" conditions, has allowed making some conclusions. 44 plant species are growing now in the experimental area. The least number of species is characteristic for pure sand and pure peat substrates, the greatest − for complex substrates with sand, peat and drilling wastes. Thus, the experimental willow cultures and partial soil reclamation accelerated the formation process of forest ecosystems that created a "plant oasis" on a deserted landscape of technogenic sand.
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Marks, R. E., S. D. Field, and W. K. Wojtanowicz. "Biodegradation of Oil-Based Drilling Muds and Production Pit Sludges." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 110, no. 3 (September 1, 1988): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3231380.

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Biological degradation of oil-based drilling muds and production pit sludges are examined using batch reactors. Microbial populations from five different cultures were screened as to their capability of survival in degradation of the oils present. Two microorganism cultures, one developed from raw domestic wastewater and the other from a refinery biological treatment system, demonstrated superior acclimation degradative properties based on substrate utilization and oxygen uptake rates. No toxic or inhibitory properties of the wastes were observed. Biological treatment has the potential to satisfactorily biodegrade wastes for disposal according to recently established Louisiana requirements, and also as a preconditioning step prior to conventional dewatering techniques.
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Mitrofanov, N. G., and A. Yu Sushilova. "Environmental assessment of road construction materials and technologies with the use of production wastes." E3S Web of Conferences 265 (2021): 04007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126504007.

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The following paper presents some results of long-term research on the urgent problem of recycling waste products and their use in road construction. The studied new materials and technologies are justified by the developments of Tyumen Industrial University. The aim of this work is to prove the technique, checking the ecological safety of the road materials with the use of waste products. Research techniques and test subjects are quantitative chemical analysis and biological testing of road material samples with waste additives obtained during drilling and oil production. Along with the standard procedures for analyzing the contamination and toxicity of water extracts, the authors have proposed and tested the evaluation of repeated and long-term extractions, imitating the possible environmental impact of waste products. The obtained results showed the environmental safety of the road-building materials based on wastes.
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27

Bezrodny, Yu G. "Improvement of the “zero discharge” technology of offshore wells drilling wastes." Construction of Oil and Gas Wells on Land and Sea, no. 9 (2019): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.30713/0130-3872-2019-9-54-61.

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28

Bezrodny, Yu G. "Reduction of wastes from oil and gas wells drilling on land." Construction of Oil and Gas Wells on Land and Sea, no. 12 (2020): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33285/0130-3872-2020-12(336)-14-19.

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29

Wybrew, Paul. "Zero Waste Well – the beneficial use of produced water from CSG projects." APPEA Journal 59, no. 2 (2019): 756. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj18253.

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Most onshore gas provinces in Australia are in remote locations where it is expensive to bring materials to, and take waste away from, well sites. Importantly, water is not only an input to, and a product of, the drilling, completion, construction and production process, it is also a precious resource. That is why Santos has been working towards the ‘Zero Waste Well’. Historically, separate drilling, completion, construction and operational teams were involved in sourcing and disposing of water without taking a holistic view of the water cycle. By taking a collaborative approach and looking at the complete water cycle, Santos has been able to reduce its water use and eliminate wastewater by reusing all of the produced water in its Queensland coal seam gas upstream activities for beneficial purposes. As part of the Zero Waste Well concept, Santos has identified and implemented a range of initiatives for beneficially reusing produced water. These include stock watering, construction, dust suppression, rehabilitation, and drilling and completion activities. One of the most exciting innovations is to beneficially reuse produced water for localised irrigation. This avoids or minimises the need for large centralised water gathering systems and large static centralised water storages and treatment plants. This also minimises the environmental footprint, energy intensity, carbon emissions and brine wastes from Santos’ activities. Localised irrigation not only reduces construction and operating costs, and engineering design and construction timeframes for Santos, it provides a valuable pasture irrigation source for local landholders.
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Smida, Olfa, Radhia Souissi, Marzougui Salem, and Fouad Souissi. "Geochemical Assessment and Mobility of Undesired Elements in the Sludge of the Phosphate Industry of Gafsa-Metlaoui Basin, (Southern Tunisia)." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (January 25, 2021): 1075. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031075.

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The raw phosphates in the Gafsa-Metlaoui phosphate basin are valorized by wet processes that are performed in the laundries of the Gafsa Phosphates Company (CPG, Gafsa, Tunisia) to reach market grades (>28% P2O5). This enrichment process allows the increase of P2O5 content by the elimination of the coarse (>2 mm) and fine (<71 µm) fractions. Mineralogical analysis has shown that all the investigated materials (raw phosphate, marketable phosphate, coarse waste, and fine waste) from the laundries of M’Dhilla-Zone L and Redeyef are both composed of carbonate fluorapatite, carbonates, quartz, gypsum, clays, and clinoptilolite. Chemical analysis shows that Cr, Cd, Zn, Pb, and U are concentrated in the fine wastes and associated with the clay–phosphate fraction. The rare earth elements are more concentrated in both raw and marketable phosphates. Drilling and sludge-water analysis, along with leaching tests conducted on the fine wastes, showed that, due to phosphate industry, cadmium, fluorine, and sulfate contributing to the pollution of water resources in the region, pollution is more conspicuous at M’Dhilla.
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31

Al-Hameedi, Abo Taleb T., Husam H. Alkinani, Mohammed M. Alkhamis, and Shari Dunn-Norman. "Utilizing a new eco-friendly drilling mud additive generated from wastes to minimize the use of the conventional chemical additives." Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology 10, no. 8 (August 27, 2020): 3467–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13202-020-00974-6.

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Abstract The cost of the drilling operation is very high. Drilling fluid presents 15 to 30% of the entire expense of the drilling process. Ordinarily, the major drilling fluids additives are viscosity modifiers, filtration control agents, and partial loss treatments. In this experimental work, full-set measurements under fresh and aged conditions, as well as high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) API filtration, were conducted to study the impacts of adding 0.5%, 1.5%, 2.5%, and 3.5% of black sunflower seeds’ shell powder (BSSSP) to spud mud. BSSSP of various grain sizes showed their ability to be invested for viscosity modifying, seepage loss controlling, and partial loss remediation. In addition to BSSSP eminent efficiency to be used as a multifunctional additive, the BSSSP is cheap, locally obtainable in commercial quantities, environmentally friendly additive and easy to grind into various desired grain sizes. Besides its outstanding strength to behave under conditions up to 30 h aged time and under 50 °C (122 °F) temperature, the utilization of powdered waste black sunflower shells in the drilling process and other industrial applications can reduce the effects of food waste on the environment and the personnel safety. To sum it up, experimental findings revealed that BSSSP can be used for multiple applications as a novel fibrous and particulate additive. The results elucidated BSSSP suitability in substituting or at least minimizing some of the traditional chemical materials utilized in the petroleum industry such as salt clay, polymers, and lost circulation materials (LCM).
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32

Spínola, Danielle C. S., Auristela De Miranda, Daniel A. Macedo, Carlos A. Paskocimas, and Rubens M. Nascimento. "Preparation of glass-ceramic materials using kaolin and oil well drilling wastes." Journal of Materials Research and Technology 8, no. 4 (July 2019): 3459–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.06.013.

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Chen, T. L., S. Lin, G. V. Chilingar, and Z. S. Lin. "The Reutilization of Drilling Fluid Wastes as Material for the Manufacture of Bricks." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 32, no. 15 (May 28, 2010): 1399–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567030903077733.

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Rzyczniak, Mirosław, Lucyna Czekaj, Ewelina Cabala, and Anna Rzyczniak. "Properties of processed drilling wastes from the factory of ecolocical labors in Tarnogród." AGH Drilling, Oil, Gas 33, no. 4 (2016): 713. http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/drill.2016.33.4.713.

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35

Anisimov, L. A., and V. A. Perfilov. "Development of Technology for Disposal of Drilling Wastes Offshore Oil and Gas Facilities." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 272 (June 21, 2019): 022040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/272/2/022040.

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36

Tuncan, Ahmet, Mustafa Tuncan, and Hakan Koyuncu. "Use of petroleum-contaminated drilling wastes as sub-base material for road construction." Waste Management & Research 18, no. 5 (October 2000): 489–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x0001800511.

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Tuncan, Ahmet, Mustafa Tuncan, and Hakan Koyuncu. "Use of petroleum-contaminated drilling wastes as sub-base material for road construction." Waste Management and Research 18, no. 5 (October 2000): 489–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3070.2000.00135.x.

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38

Ayotamuno, M. J., A. J. Akor, and T. J. Igho. "Effluent quality and wastes from petroleum drilling operations in the Niger Delta, Nigeria." Environmental Management and Health 13, no. 2 (May 2002): 207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09566160210424626.

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39

Mazlova, E. A., N. V. Malina, and V. G. Semenycher. "Study of Influence of Drilling Wastes on Black Sea Planktonic and Benthic Organisms." Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils 55, no. 1 (March 2019): 70–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10553-019-01005-9.

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40

Magadova, L. A., Y. A. Topolyuk, E. S. Bobkova, I. N. Grishina, N. A. Svarovskaya, and A. G. Merkuryeva. "Feasibility of Using Vegetable Manufacturing Wastes in a Lubricant Additive for Drilling Fluids." Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils 56, no. 6 (January 2021): 861–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10553-021-01201-6.

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41

AL Khalaf, Hani, Nagham Alhaj Mohammed, and Gabriella Federer Kovacsne. "Evaluation of using waste pinecones as an eco-friendly additive to water-based mud." Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 38, no. 2 (2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2022.2.1.

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This study is investigating the possibility of using pinecones as additive materials to develop a water-based drilling mud. Pinecones are environmentally friendly agricultural wastes and have no practical applications. Therefore, this study is of great importance in that it highlights the investment of these natural waste materials in practical fields. The study focused on the effectiveness of pinecone powder in a water-based drilling mud. To this end, an experimental study on five types of pinecones (Austrian pinecones, Black Hills Spruce, Sitka Spruce, Norway Spruce, and White pinecones) was performed and tested to determine their ability to reduce filter loss and also the effect of those eco-friendly materials on the rheological properties and density of the mud. In the study, 26 samples of water-based mud mixed with the different types of pinecones at different concentrations based on the weight of mud sample (1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, and 5 wt%) were used to perform the experiments. The results of the study showed that pinecones have a great ability to reduce filter loss, particularly Norway Spruce cones, which, based on this study, are considered the superior type with a concentration of 3 wt%.
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42

Mandatsy Moungomo, Jean Brice, Donatien Nganga Kouya, and Victor Songmene. "Turning and Drilling Machinability of Recycled Aluminum Alloys." Key Engineering Materials 710 (September 2016): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.710.77.

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A great deal of effort and research has been dedicated to recycled aluminum alloys, mainly to recycling processes and to the mechanical properties of recomposed parts; however, very limited work has been oriented towards the machinability of recycled aluminum materials. Recycled and recomposed aluminum parts sometimes need machining to obtain the final usable part shape and for assembly purposes. The acceptability of using recycled materials in design and engineering applications depends not only on their mechanical properties, but also on their machinability. This paper investigates the machinability of recycled aluminum alloys based on surface finish, cutting forces and chip formation. Two recycled foundry aluminum alloys were used: one from aluminum can covers and another from aluminum chips produced during machining. The machining operations investigated included turning and drilling under dry and wet conditions. The two tested recycled aluminum alloys showed different machinability behaviors and different part quality characteristics, suggesting that it would be desirable to consider separating aluminum wastes and chips considered for recycling by origin or type prior to melting and recasting.
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Kiselev, M. V., I. N. Kustysheva, O. V. Gagarina, and N. A. Sipina. "ENSURING OF ECOLOGICAL SAFETY OF THE UVAT PROJECT." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 2 (April 30, 2015): 100–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2015-2-100-103.

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The article describes the study of the Uvat group of oil fields. The Uvat project is aimed at development of fields with difficult to recover reserves located in the areas the status of which is restricted by ecological nature protection requirements. It considers the actions on drilling wastes disposal, reducing the emissions into the air, protection of surface and underground waters and protection of soil-vegetable covering and fauna.
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44

Krishnamoorthy, Atikaran. "Two New Discoveries Showing the Human Impact on the Environment." Journal of Undergraduate Life Sciences 15, no. 1 (March 22, 2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/juls.v15i1.35983.

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Our environment provides us with vital resources, such as food, energy, and raw materials. However, many human activities harm the environment. For example, plastic wastes pollute our oceans, while the burning of coal pollutes the air. To add, offshore drilling has led to oil spills, such as the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico that is still hurting marine life even after ten years1.
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45

Kujawska, Justyna, and Małgorzata Pawłowska. "Effect of drill cuttings addition on physicochemical and chemical properties of soil and red clover (Trifolium pretense L.) growth." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (November 12, 2020): e0242081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242081.

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The most economical method of drill cuttings disposal may be their application in land reclamation which allows for the wastes recovery. However, the wastes application into the soil should ensure that the quality of the environment would not be deteriorated. These investigations were aimed at identifying the effect of drill cuttings, which were the mixture of different types of drilling wastes, on the physicochemical properties of acidic soil and growth of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). The experimental design comprised 5 treatments, which differed in a dose of the drill cuttings: 0% (control), 2.5%, 5%, 10% and 15% of dry weight. A six-week pot experiment was conducted to determine the influence of the wastes on the plant growth. The results showed that the drill cuttings addition significantly changed the chemical and physicochemical properties of the soil, such as: electrical conductivity (EC), pH, base saturation, content of carbonate, alkaline cations (Ca2+, Na+, K+, Mg2+), organic matter, total organic carbon (TOC), and available phosphorus form. However, the most important factors that influenced the growth of red clover were pH, base saturation, content of Mg2+ and plant available phosphorus. The red clover biomass was increased from 1.5 to 2.5 times depending on the dose of wastes. We concluded that the examined wastes can be used for reclamation of the acid and unfertile degraded soils, but the amount of wastes should not exceed 5% of the soil, because the highest total clover biomass was observed just at this dose.
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46

Sibagatullin, Fatih, Zulfiya Khaliullina, Andrei Petrov, Kirill Sinyashin, and Angie Magizova. "Prospects for the use of poultry and drilling waste in agriculture." BIO Web of Conferences 17 (2020): 00238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20201700238.

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The article presents the possibilities of obtaining useful products from poultry and oil industry wastes using Mephosphon biologically active agent. The use of an aqueous solution of the Mephosphone preparation in ultra-low concentrations (10−6–10−8%) allowed obtaining the Compost UP-1 product from chicken manure and the Meliorant product from drilling waste. The Compost UP-1 belongs to the 4th hazard class in terms of physico-chemical and sanitary-biological characteristics, and the Meliorant product in terms of pollutant content belongs to the 5th hazard class. Studies on the influence of useful products derived from waste were carried out in the field in the experimental fields of the Laishevsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan. The Compost UP-1 and Meliorant products were introduced during pre-sowing cultivation in an amount of 26 t/ha and 1.3 t/ha, respectively. For comparison, during the research, reference plots were organized (Reference). The seeds were spring wheat of the Yoldyz variety (Compost UP-1) and Idelle (Meliorant). The analysis of growth and productivity indicators of plants grown in different areas showed that the use of the obtained products improved soil fertility: the introduction of the Meliorant product optimizes soil pH, activates mass transfer processes, and the introduction of the Compost UP-1 product increases the content of nutrients (N, P, K). So at the tillering stage in the section with Compost UP-1, the average phytomass per unit length of plants was 1.8 times higher than in the Reference. The use of Compost UP-1 leads to a significant improvement in grain quality: the mass fraction of protein increased by 32 %, vitreous content by 60 %, and the content of crude gluten by 34 %. Productivity increased and amounted to 42 kg/ha, which is 14 kg more than in the Reference. The use of the Meliorant also activated the growth of plants, and led to an improvement in the quality of grain.
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47

Saeedi, M., H. Amanipoor, S. Battaleb-Looie, and M. Mumipour. "Landfill site selection for solid drilling wastes (case study: Marun oil field, southwest Iran)." International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 17, no. 3 (July 30, 2019): 1567–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13762-019-02487-0.

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48

CHOI, W., and S. CHANG. "Nitrogen dynamics in co-composted drilling wastes: Effects of compost quality and N fertilization." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 37, no. 12 (December 2005): 2297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.04.007.

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49

Mendaliyeva, D. K., Z. Kh Kunasheva, and J. B. Yakupova. "Development of the Structure of Road-Construction Materialswith the Use of Drilling Cuttings." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 17, no. 1 (December 19, 2014): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj196.

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<p>Oil based drilling cuttings after thermal treatment processed at 340 °С were used as mineral powder for creation of composite material. For a compounding of drilling cuttings the road asphalt of the BND 60/90 brand was used. Efficient activity of natural radio nuclides which made 25 ± 5 Bq/kg was identified. Element structure of drilling cuttings was identified with the usage the method of the X-ray phase analysis. Existence of the signal corresponding to the following connections was established: СаСО<sub>3</sub> – calcite, NaCl – halite, BaSO<sub>4</sub> – barite, CaMg(CO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> – dolomite. Content of calcite makes 65% of masses, content of halite – 15% of masses, content of dolomite – 8% of masses, content of barite – 10% of masses. A small amount of оrganite (СаСО<sub>3</sub>), anhydrite (CaSO<sub>4</sub>) and quartz (SiO<sub>2</sub>) was discovered. Formation of series of test samples of composite material with the subsequent research of their physical and chemical and operational properties was done. The most optimum is the asphalt concrete mixture with the content of 7% of drilling cuttings as mineral powder. Physical and chemical characteristics of the made samples indicate compliance to qualifying standards. The received results allow recommending drilling cuttings after thermal treatment as a mineral additive at construction of highways of IV-V technical category. The use of oil based drilling cuttings as a mineral component of road-building coverings does not constitute ecological danger to the environment, thereby, it gives the chance to solve one of the urgent environmental problems of the region, i.e. the effective use of industrial wastes and environment protection.</p>
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50

Rogers, Tate Weston, Francis L. de los Reyes, Walter J. Beckwith, and Robert C. Borden. "Power earth auger modification for waste extraction from pit latrines." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 4, no. 1 (October 21, 2013): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2013.183.

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The extraction auger was developed to meet the need for a low cost, effective method to empty pit latrines in difficult to access locations. The basic design consists of a motor that rotates an auger inside a pipe, lifting waste from a pit and depositing it into containers through a wye fitting at the top of the device. Laboratory testing of the auger showed increases in flow rates with increasing auger rotational speed and waste viscosity. An auger with an external hydraulic drive was capable of lifting dairy waste over 2.5 m, at flow rates of over 125 liters per minute. Field-testing showed the equipment was effective at lifting medium viscosity wastes containing a mixture of liquid and solid material. However, the auger was not effective in removing low viscosity, liquid waste that would flow backward down the auger reducing lifting efficiency. The auger was capable of drilling into dense solid waste, forming a ‘posthole’ in the waste. However, since the dense solid waste would not flow towards the auger intake, actual waste removal from the pit was limited. Improved methods are needed to mix liquid and solid waste in pits prior to removal with the extraction auger or other technologies.
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