Relevant bibliographies by topics / Drip irrigation system

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Academic literature on the topic 'Drip irrigation system'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Drip irrigation system"

1

A, Shilpa. "Smart Drip Irrigation System." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-4 (June 30, 2018): 1560–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd12888.

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Choi, C., I. Song, S. Stine, J. Pimentel, and C. Gerba. "Role of irrigation and wastewater reuse: comparison of subsurface irrigation and furrow irrigation." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 2 (July 1, 2004): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0089.

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Two different irrigation systems, subsurface drip irrigation and furrow irrigation, are tested to investigate the level of viral contamination and survival when tertiary effluent is used in arid and semi-arid regions. The effluent was injected with bacteriophages of PRD1 and MS2. A greater number of PRD1 and MS2 were recovered from the lettuce in the subsurface drip-irrigated plots as compared to those in the furrow-irrigated plots. Shallow drip tape installation and preferential water paths through cracks on the soil surface appeared to be the main causes of high viral contamination in subsurface drip irrigation plots, which led to the direct contact of the lettuce stems with the irrigation water which penetrated the soil surface. The water use efficiency of the subsurface drip irrigation system was higher than that of the furrow irrigation system. Thus, subsurface drip irrigation is an efficient irrigation method for vegetable crops in arid and semi-arid regions if viral contamination can be reduced. Deeper installation of drip tapes, frequent irrigations, and timely harvests based on cumulative heat units may further reduce health risks by ensuring viral die-off under various field conditions.
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Evett, Steven R., Gary W. Marek, Paul D. Colaizzi, Brice B. Ruthardt, and Karen S. Copeland. "A Subsurface Drip Irrigation System for Weighing Lysimetry." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 34, no. 1 (2018): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.12597.

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Abstract. Large, precision weighing lysimeters can have accuracies as good as 0.04 mm equivalent depth of water, adequate for hourly and even half-hourly determinations of evapotranspiration (ET) rate from crops. Such data are important for testing and improving simulation models of the complex interactions of surface water and energy balances, soil physics, plant growth, and biophysics that determine crop ET in response to rapid microclimate dynamics. When crops are irrigated with sprinkler systems or other rapid additions of water, the irrigation event is typically short enough that not much ET data are compromised by the lysimeter mass change due to irrigation. In contrast, subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) systems may take many hours to apply an irrigation, during which time the lysimeter mass change is affected by both ET rate and irrigation application rate. Given that irrigation application rate can be affected by pressure dynamics of the irrigation system, emitter clogging and water viscosity changes with temperature over several-hour periods, it can be difficult to impossible to separate the ET signal from the interference of the irrigation application. The inaccuracies in the data can be important, particularly for comparisons of sprinkler and SDI systems, since they are of the order of 8 to 10% of daily ET. We developed an SDI irrigation system to apply irrigations of up to 50 mm to large weighing lysimeters while limiting the period of lysimeter mass change due to irrigation delivery to approximately ten minutes by storing the water needed for irrigation in tanks suspended from the lysimeter weighing system. The system applied water at the same rate as the SDI system in the surrounding field, allowed irrigation over periods of any duration, but often exceeding 12 h, without directly affecting lysimeter mass change and the accuracy of ET rate determinations, and allowed irrigation overnight without compromising lysimeter daily ET measurements. Errors in lysimeter ET measurements using the previous SDI system, which was directly connected to the field irrigation system, were up to 10% of daily ET compared with negligible error using the new system. Errors using the previous, directly connected, SDI system varied over time due to variable system pressure, and possibly due to water temperature (viscosity) changes and emitter clogging. With the new system, all of the water transferred to the lysimeter weighing system was eventually applied by the SDI system regardless of temperature, pressure, or emitter clogging. Differences between planned and applied irrigation depth were less than 2% over the irrigation season. Keywords: Evapotranspiration, ET, Subsurface drip irrigation, SDI, Weighing lysimeter.
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Archana, HA, N. Asoka Raja, R. Mahesh, and R. Kalpana. "Effect of Low Cost Drip Tape Irrigation System on Yield and Economics of Sweet Corn." Bangladesh Agronomy Journal 19, no. 2 (March 10, 2017): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/baj.v19i2.31855.

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A study was conducted to determine the effect of low cost drip tape irrigation system on yield and economics of sweet corn in comparison to conventional inline drip irrigation and surface irrigation systems during 2013-14 at Coimbatore, India. The treatment comprises of two drip irrigation systems with three irrigation levels viz., 75, 100 and 125% of pan evaporation (PE) from Class A Pan evaporimeter. Plant height, fresh cob length, girth, number of kernels per cob and single fresh cob weight and yield were higher at 125% PE in conventional in line drip irrigation system and it was statistically at par with drip irrigation at 125% PE in low cost drip tape irrigation system. Water saving was 36, 49 and 62% at 125, 100 and 75% PE, respectively under conventional in line drip irrigation system and drip tape irrigation system as against the surface irrigation. The cost of low cost drip tape system was 68% lower than the conventional inline drip system. The results of the research indicated that based on net income, B:C ratio and GM/TMV ratio, adoption of low cost drip tape irrigation system at 125% PE was found to be best for small and marginal farmers with substantial yield and income compared to conventional inline drip system.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016 19(2): 71-77
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Galande, Mr S. G. "Agricultured Automatic Drip Irrigation System." IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science 1, no. 2 (2012): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2380-0122427.

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Mostafa, H., and H. H. Thörmann. "On-farm evaluation of low-pressure drip irrigation system for smallholders." Soil and Water Research 8, No. 2 (May 15, 2013): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/29/2012-swr.

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The aim of this paper was to evaluate the performance of a low-pressure drip system (LPS) for three years of service, to calculate the consumptive working time and costs of maintenance and laterals retrieving before harvesting and to determine benefits and problems with drip irrigation. Drip irrigation provides the opportunity to save water and the potential to increase net income by applying water at the right quantity and at the right time. Small to medium fields would benefit from the LPS irrigation system which has the ability to distribute the amount of water applied. LPS is a well-researched system for drip irrigation, typically that available for furrow irrigated crops. There are significant agronomic advantages of using a low-pressure, low-flow drip system. These advantages translate into measured improved distribution uniformity when compared to flood irrigated crops and energy savings compared to flood and sprinkler irrigated crops. The old (reused) drip line leads to a decrease in distribution uniformity and an increase in costs, when the distribution uniformity decreased by 10.5 and 21.6% for reusing the laterals in the second and third year, respectively. Moreover, the cost of repairing laterals was more than 5 and 6.5 times higher for both the 2<sup>nd</sup> and 3<sup>rd</sup> season. Many disadvantages of drip lines retrieval can be observed, because labour and maintenance are more intensive; there is a risk of mechanical damage to laterals especially if they are reused; increased management skills and experience are needed; and increased retrieval costs arise season after season.
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Shaglouf, Mohamed M., Mostafa A. Benzaghta, Hassin AL. Makhlof, and Moftah A. Abusta. "Scheduling Drip Irrigation for Agricultural Crops using Intelligent Irrigation System." Journal of Misurata University for Agricultural Sciences, no. 01 (October 6, 2019): 244–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.36602/jmuas.2019.v01.01.19.

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The expansion of agriculture to provide the necessary food is related to the availability of water, but the limited availability of irrigation requires research on techniques to reduce water losses. This paper presents an application of a prototype design of microcontroller based on an intelligent irrigation system which will allow irrigation to take place in the areas. This method can be applied to the system of drip irrigation and its impact on the quantities of water used in irrigation as its application is part of the solution to the problem of water shortage suffered by Libya in addition to reducing the amount of water wasted while irrigating crops. In this study, a network of smart irrigation system was designed for a 5-hectare farm in AL-Sawawa area, located to the east, at about 20 km from Sirte city. The farm was divided into two parts, a vegetable crops section with an area of 3ha and the other section of 2 ha for olive trees. The intelligent irrigation system senses the moisture content of the soil and the temperature of the air through the sensors and turns on or off the water pumps using the relays to carry out this procedure. The main advantage of using this irrigation system is to minimize human intervention and ensure proper irrigation. The microcontroller serves as the main unit of the entire irrigation system, Photovoltaic cells are used to provide solar energy as an energy supply for the whole system. The system is controlled by the microcontroller; it obtains data from the sensors, it compares the data as pre-programmed, and the output signals activate the relays to operate the pumps to start the irrigation process.
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Yin, Xinhua, Clark Seavert, and Jinhe Bai. "(214) Adult Pear Response to Integrated Nitrogen Fertigation and Drip Irrigation System." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 1084B—1084. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1084b.

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Responses of adult pear to the integrated N fertigation and drip irrigation system have not been documented in Oregon. A field trial was conducted on adult pear at the Mid-Columbia Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Hood River, Ore., in 2005. Two N and water management systems (integrated N fertigation and drip irrigation system; and broadcast application of dry N fertilizer to the soil surface and microsprinkler irrigation system) were compared on pear cultivars of Bartlett and Golden Russet Bosc, and rootstocks of OH×F97 and OH×F87. The responses of these cultivars and rootstocks to the integrated N fertigation and drip irrigation system were similar. The integrated N fertigation and drip irrigation system consumed 1450 m3·ha-1 of irrigation water during the entire season from May to September, reducing irrigation water use by 73% compared with 5297 m3·ha-1 under the current system—broadcast application of dry N fertilizer to the soil surface and microsprinkler irrigation system averaged over the four cultivar and rootstock combinations. The fruit yield was statistically similar for the integrated N fertigation and drip irrigation system and the broadcast application of dry N fertilizer and microsprinkler irrigation system on the average of the four cultivars and rootstocks. Differences in fruit size and color were negligible between the two N and irrigation management systems. Overall, our results suggest that adopting the integrated N fertigation and drip irrigation system does not cause significant reduction in yield or quality of adult pear; the integrated N fertigation and drip irrigation system could be a profitable and environmentally sound management alternative for pear production.
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Clark, Gary A., and Allen G. Smajstrla. "Injecting Chemicals into Drip Irrigation Systems." HortTechnology 6, no. 3 (July 1996): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.6.3.160.

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The injection of chemicals into irrigation systems is discussed in terms of injection systems, concentration injections, bulk injections, quantity of chemicals to be injected, injection system calibration, and injection periods. Sufficient clean-water flush time should be scheduled to purge irrigation lines of injected chemicals unless it is desired to leave that particular chemical in the irrigation system for maintenance purposes. Chemical injection rates vary with desired chemical concentration in the irrigation water, concentration of the stock solution, volume of chemical to be injected, and duration of each injection. All injection systems should be calibrated and maintained in proper working order. This information is presented to assist irrigation system designers and operators with chemigation system design, scheduling, and management.
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Prevatt, J. W., G. A. Clark, and C. D. Stanley. "A Comparative cost Analysis of Vegetable Irrigation Systems." HortTechnology 2, no. 1 (January 1992): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.2.1.91.

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Three vegetable irrigation systems, semi-closed subirrigation (seepage), fully enclosed subirrigation (seepage), and drip irrigation, were evaluated for use on sandy soils with naturally high water tables to determine comparative irrigation costs for tomato production. Investment, fixed (ownership), and variable (operating) costs were estimated for each irrigation system. The investment costs of the drip irrigation system were significantly greater than those for the semi-closed and fully enclosed irrigation systems. The variable costs, however, for the semi-closed system were considerably less than those for the fully enclosed and drip irrigation systems. The semi-closed irrigation system, therefore, was determined to be the least-cost tomato irrigation system under present fuel cost and nonlimiting water supply conditions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Drip irrigation system"

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Didan, Kamel 1965. "Expert system for drip irrigation design." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291460.

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Drip irrigation design is a multi-step routine that has to be carried out in a step by step fashion with each step covering a part of the design process. An expert system has been developed with a set of external programs to accomplish the drip system design. The expertise used in the present expert system knowledge base was induced from engineering handbooks and articles as well as personal consultations. The expert system has been developed in such a way that a variety of cases can be handled. In addition, to simulate the human expert, a new drip irrigation design evaluation factor has been introduced (Design Success Indicator, DSI) in order to estimate the system response on field depending on the confidence of data being used. The results are very promising with respect to the expertise used. However many parts of the knowledge-base have to be fine-tuned in order to reach a highly performing expert system.
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Al-zoheiry, Ahmed M. "Modeling a drip irrigation system powered by a renewable energy source." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1164762929.

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Norton, E. R., and J. C. Silvertooth. "Evaluation of a Drip Vs. Furrow Irrigated Cotton Production System." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/211297.

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A newly installed subsurface drip system was compared to a conventional furrow-irrigated cotton production system in the Marana Valley in 2000. Regular measurements included soil moisture, flower tagging, general plant growth and development measurements, and lint yield. Results indicate that an increase in lint yield of approximately 250 lbs. lint/acre was obtained under the drip irrigation system. Approximately 1/3 less irrigation water was used under the drip irrigation system. Pounds of lint produced per acre-inch of water applied provide the most dramatic results. In the furrow-irrigated system approximately 25 lbs. of lint was produced per inch of water applied while the drip system ranged from 70-80.
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Mafuta, Million Trocco. "Design and implementation of an efficient solar powered irrigation management system for drip irrigated maize field." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2014. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24708.

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Purpose - The thesis investigates effects of automatic variation of the deficit irrigation level with the growth stage of drip irrigated maize on grain yield and crop Water Use Efficiency (WUE). It further examines the impact of water-efficient irrigation controllers on the solar Photovoltaic energy level requirements for water pumping systems. Methodology - A Wireless Sensor and Actuator Network was deployed to monitor field conditions and actuate irrigation valves according to whether the level of moisture was within the set points. A Control Treatment (CT) field was fully irrigated using constant moisture threshold levels, while an Experimental Treatment (ExT) field had the highest level of deficit irrigation at the early and later growth stages. Full irrigation was applied at the middle growth stage. Irrigation depths and grain yields were measured, while WUE and the solar energy required by the water pumping system were calculated. Findings - The findings show that 880 mm and 560 mm of water were applied to CT and ExT fields, respectively. This represents a 36% water saving and a corresponding water pumping energy saving of 36% in the ExT field. The grain yields were 0.752 kg/m2 and 0.812 kg/m2 for CT and ExT fields, respectively. This shows that, despite applying a lower amount of water, the ExT improved the grain yield by 7.4%. Furthermore, the results show an increase in WUE from 0.86 kg/m3 for the CT field to 1.45 kg/m3 for the ExT field, representing a 69% improvement. Research limitations/implications - This study focused on the maize production under Malawi's weather conditions. However, the concept would easily be replicated in other crops and in other parts of the world with two modifications: firstly, sensor calibration must be done on-site; and secondly, the specific crop coefficient pattern must be used to develop the irrigation scheduling strategy.
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Malcuit, Joel 1957. "Flower, boll development, and fruiting patterns of cotton at four levels of water application under a drip irrigation system." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277208.

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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of four drip irrigation treatments on five fruiting characteristics of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) using periodic observations to gauge the relative impact of these effects over time. The fruiting characteristics measured were: (1) number of flowers, (2) percent boll set, (3) number of bolls, (4) weight boll-1, and (5) seedcotton production. The irrigation treatments included four levels that in total season applied irrigation equaled 60, 68, 76, and 83 cm of water. Periodic observations included three, 3-week-intervals from the onset of flowering (26 June) to cutout (29 August). Results indicate that irrigation treatments had a significant effect on all characters measured, only in the later stages of development (later in the season) with higher amounts of irrigation applied producing higher levels of each character measured. Significant differences were found among periods of observation for all characters measured.
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Agossou, Hernaude Vinougnon Kpèssou [Verfasser]. "Performance assessment of a bamboo-drip irrigation system : a contribution to water productivity improvement West Africa / Hernaude Vinougnon Kpèssou Agossou." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1173898468/34.

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Souza, Wanderley de Jesus. "Protótipos e avaliação de emissores para irrigação localizada subsuperficial." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11143/tde-10072012-145804/.

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A intrusão de raiz e partículas de solo em gotejadores instalados na subsuperfície do solo, conduz à redução da uniformidade de emissão de água e compromete as condições ideais de operação e a vida útil do sistema de irrigação. Estes fatos motivaram a realização desta pesquisa, sendo propostos protótipos de emissores, cujas características físicas e funcionais impeçam a entrada de raízes e partículas de solo por sucção dentro dos mesmos, e possibilite a vazão de projeto. Desenvolveram-se quatro modelos de emissores sendo: modelo A que utiliza êmbolo; modelo B constituído por uma membrana com módulo de Young (MY) de 1000 kPa; modelo C constituído por uma membrana com MY de 1000 kPa e protetor da membrana; e, sistema protetor (tubo) do emissor (modelo D) no qual se utilizou um gotejador comercial para controlar a vazão. Uma vez que o modelo A não apresentou desempenho satisfatório, estudos posteriores com o mesmo foram interrompidos. Em fase de campo instalaram-se os modelos B, C, D, e um gotejador comercial, modelo E. Os emissores foram avaliados em laboratório em relação ao coeficiente de variação de fabricação (CVF), coeficiente de uniformidade de emissão da água (CUE) e à curva vazão versus pressão; e, instalados em vasos com cana-de-açúcar e sem cultura, para avaliação periódica quanto à capacidade em obstar a entrada de raiz e partículas de solo, sendo analisados a vazão relativa (QR), o coeficiente de variação da vazão relativa (CVQR), CUE e distúrbio de vazão (DQ). Para o emissor modelo C desenvolveram-se Equações que descrevem o comportamento da membrana que o compõe. Os resultados obtidos com a Equação de estimativa da pressão mínima foram próximos dos dados medidos em laboratório. Os emissores B e C apresentaram altos valores de CVF e CVQR, e baixos valores de CUE. Após o terceiro período de avaliação, notou-se redução na QR do modelo E, devido a entupimento por raiz. Dos emissores construídos em laboratório, o modelo C apresentou melhor desempenho quanto à variação dos dados de vazão na linha lateral, ao longo do tempo, tendo valores agrupados entre primeiro e terceiro quartil. Após 3 meses (modelo E) e 18 meses (modelos D) de funcionamento em campo, houve presença de solo e raiz, enquanto os modelos B e C apresentaram os melhores resultados quanto ao impedimento da entrada de raiz e solo dentro do emissor, sendo este último indicado para estudos mais detalhados em relação à membrana a ser utilizada. O emissor que utiliza membrana e protetor foi adequado para evitar entrada de raiz e solo dentro do mesmo, sendo necessário estudos a respeito da membrana e de um sistema para controlar a vazão. Com as Equações propostas para o modelo C serão possíveis futuros estudos que busquem aperfeiçoar o protótipo, podendo ser utilizadas para estimativa da pressão mínima de funcionamento, variação do diâmetro da membrana, e vazão do emissor.
Roots and soil particles intrusion in drippers installed in the subsurface soil leads to reduction of the water emission uniformity, and compromise the ideal conditions of operation and the lifetime of irrigation system. These facts motivated this research, being proposed prototypes of emitters whose physical and functional characteristics prevent the entry of roots and soil particles by suction into them, and allow the design flow. Four emitters models were developed: (i) A model that uses piston; (ii) B model composed by a membrane with Youngs modulus (YM) of 1000 kPa; (iii) C model composed by a membrane with YM of 1000 kPa plus a membrane protector;(iv) protector (tube) emitter system (D model) in which was used a commercial dripper to flow control. The A model study was stopped since it did not present a good performance. In the field stage models B, C, D and a commercial dripper E were installed. In the laboratory stage, emitters were evaluated in relation to the manufacturing coefficient of variation (CVF), the emission uniformity coefficient of water (EUC) and the flow rate versus pressure curve. After that, the emitters were installed in pots with and without sugar cane for periodic evaluation considering the potential to prevent the entry of roots and soil particles into the emitter. Relative flow (QR), variation coefficient of relative flow (CVQR), EUC and flow disturbance (DQ) were analyzed. Equations that describe the behavior of C model emitters membrane were developed. The results obtained with the Equation to estimating the minimum pressure were close to the measured data in laboratory. B and C emitter´s model showed the higher values of CVF and CVQR, and the lower values of EUC. After third evaluation period, reduction in QR for E model was observed due to clogging by root. Among the emitters built in the laboratory, C model showed better performance in relation to variation of data flow in lateral line, with values grouped between the first and third quartile. After 3 months (E model) and 18 months (D model) of operation in the field, the presence of soil and roots was observed, while B and C models showed the best results to avoid the entry of root and soil into the emitter. C model was recommended for detailed studies in relation to the membrane which can be used. The emitter that uses membrane plus protector was suitable to prevent entry of root and soil into them needing to studies about it membrane and a system which its possible to control the flow rate. The Equations proposed for C model can be used in: studies to improve the prototype; estimation of the minimum operation pressure; changing in the membrane diameter; and, to estimate the emitter flow. Keywords: Drip irrigation; Subsurface irrigation; Root intrusion; Technological Innovation; Prototype of emitters
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Cavell, Julia, and Sara Andersson. "Long-term water modelling of the Soil-Plant-Atmosphere System : A study conducted for the growing of Grape Leaves with drip irrigation in the Binh Thuan Province, Vietnam." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-139384.

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The main objective was to set up models of the soil-plant-atmosphere system for the growing of Grape Leaves with drip irrigation in the Binh Thuan Province, Vietnam. The computer software tool CoupModel was used in this modelling process. The focus of the model was the systems soil hydraulics and the water balance between its components. When running several 21 years simulations it could be seen that slight variations in soil texture inputs resulted in relatively big output changes. For example, by either using the soil texture laboratory results or the soil water retention inputs gained from tensiometers and moisture meters in the field, gave an annual irrigation amount difference of 100 mm. However, it can be questioned if the models reached the goal of simulating an  efficient irrigation schedule  due to the soil evaporation output being high throughout the year.  For further research, longer time series of field measurements together with more knowledge about the plant would be preferable in order to validate and improve the model.
MÂlet med denna studie var att uppr‰tta modeller ˆver mark-v‰xt-atmosf‰r-systemet i programmet CoupModel. Modellerna skulle anpassas fˆr odlingen av vinblad med hj‰lp av droppbevattning i Binh Thuan-provinsen i Vietnam. Fokus i denna studie var vattenflˆden och vattenbalansen mellan systemets komponenter. Efter att ha kˆrt flera 21 Âr lÂnga simuleringar var det tydligt att sm variationer i indata resulterade i relativt stora skillnader i utdata. Om till exempel  v‰rden  angÂende jordartens struktur  erhÂllna  frÂn laboratoriet anv‰ndes ist‰llet fˆr f‰ltm‰tningar frÂn tensiometrar och fuktm‰tare blev det en Ârlig bevattningsskillnad p 100 mm. Det kan ifrÂgas‰ttas huruvida mÂlet att simulera en vatteneffektiv bevattning blev nÂtt d jordavdunstningen var hˆg Âret runt. Fˆr vidare studier skulle l‰ngre tidsserier av f‰ltm‰tningar tillsammans med mer kunskap om plantan vara nyttigt fˆr att kunna validera och fˆrb‰ttra modellen.
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Musiał, Mariusz. "Ocena potrzeb i efektów nawadniania w szkółce zadrzewieniowej po wykonaniu melioracji próchnicą nadkładową." Rozprawa doktorska, Uniwersytet Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy w Bydgoszczy, 2014. http://dlibra.utp.edu.pl/Content/693.

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Celem pracy było określenie potrzeb wodnych sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris L.) uprawianej w cyklu dwuletnim z nasion, z odkrytym systemem korzeniowym, z zastosowaniem podcinania korzeni w pierwszym i drugim roku uprawy, nawadnianej kroplowo w warunkach melioracji próchnicą nakładową
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Barbosa, Luis Henrique Antunes. "Irrigação em plantas jovens de mogno africano (Khaya ivorensis) no cerrado." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4685.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Brazil, has been feeling from a lack of technical guidance and ecological awareness in the exploitation of forest resources to meet the furniture industry, which has caused irreparable harm to species of great ecological value. The African mahogany source countries of the west coast of the African continent is one such tree species being used in commercial plantations, due to its high commercial value, the quality of the wood, its high yield potential and good adaptation to Brazilian climatic conditions. However, little is known about its water and a nutritional need which hinders adequate technical recommendation for this crop in the Cerrado region whose water deficit and the low fertility soils are very characteristic. Thus this study had the objective: evaluate plant growth in the first two years cultivation, irrigation and drip irrigation under different managements and topdressing. The research consisted of field experiments with plants of African Mahogany (Khaya ivorensis) spaced 5 x 5 m, experimental design was a randomized complete block design (RBD) with three blocks in split plots. For drip irrigated treatments were used 1, 2 and 3 emitters per plant with flow rates of 2 L.h-1, 4 L.h- 1 and 8 L.h-1, and irrigated treatments, microsprinkler, using 1 emitter for every 2 plants with different flow rates: 20, 30, 35, 40, 50, 58, 70 and 90 L.h-1, and no irrigation. For the following plots of fertilization doses were used 83.5 e 42.0; 167.0 e 83.5; 250.0 e 125.0; 333.5 e 167.0; 416.6 e 208.5 g.plant-1 of NH4SO4 and KCl, installments bimonthly in 5 applications from 4th to 12th month of planting.
O Brasil vem sentindo com a falta de direcionamento técnico e de conscientização ecológica na exploração dos recursos florestais para atender a indústria moveleira, o que tem acarretado prejuízos irreparáveis a espécies de grande valor ecológico. O mogno africano de origem de países da costa oeste do continente Africano é uma dessas espécies arbóreas que está sendo utilizada em plantios comerciais, devido ao seu grande valor comercial, da qualidade da madeira, do seu alto potencial produtivo e a boa adaptação às condições edafoclimáticas brasileira. Porém, pouco se sabe sobre suas necessidades hídricas e nutricionais, o que dificulta uma recomendação técnica adequada para essa cultura na região do cerrado, cujo déficit hídrico e os solos com baixa fertilidade são bem característicos. Assim este estudo teve o objetivo: avaliar o crescimento de plantas, nos dois primeiros anos cultivo, irrigadas por gotejamento e microaspersão em diferentes métodos de irrigação e adubação de cobertura; A pesquisa constituiu de experimentos a campo com plantas espaçadas em 5 x 5 m, com delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com três blocos, em parcelas subdividas. Para os tratamentos irrigados por gotejamento foram utilizados 1, 2 e 3 gotejadores por planta com vazões de 2 L.h-1, 4 L.h-1 e 8 L.h-1, e os tratamentos irrigados por microaspersão, utilizando 1 emissor para cada 2 plantas, com diferentes vazões: 20, 30, 35, 40, 50, 58, 70 e 90 L.h-1, além de uma testemunha sem irrigação. Para as subparcelas de adubação foram utilizados as doses de: 83,5 e 42,0; 167,0 e 83,5; 250,0 e 125,0; 333,5 e 167,0; 416,6 e 208,5 g.planta-1 de sulfato de amônio e cloreto de potássio, parcelado em 5 aplicações bimestrais do 4º ao 12º mês do plantio. As variáveis analisadas foram: altura de planta, diâmetro no colo e diâmetro na altura do peito (DAP) e altura de fuste. Concluiu-se que as plantas de mogno respondem a irrigação e que de uma maneira geral, as plantas irrigadas por microaspersão apresentaram melhor crescimento que as plantas irrigadas por gotejamento, e que o mogno nos dois primeiros anos, não respondeu a adubação de cobertura.
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Books on the topic "Drip irrigation system"

1

Books, Sunset, ed. Sprinklers & drip systems. Menlo Park, CA: Sunset Books, 2006.

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G. G. de L. W. Samarasinha. Adoption of drip irrigation systems: Problems and options. Colombo: Hector Kobbekaduwa Agrarian Research and Training Institute, 2013.

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Training Programme on Sprinkler and Drip Irrigation Systems (1990 Madras, India). Training Programme on Sprinkler and Drip Irrigation Systems, July 16-26, 1990. Madras: The Centre, 1990.

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Ghinassi, Graziano. Manual for performance evaluation of sprinkler and drip irrigation systems in different agro-climatic regions of the world. New Delhi: International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, 2008.

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Ghinassi, Graziano. Manual for performance evaluation of sprinkler and drip irrigation systems in different agro-climatic regions of the world. New Delhi: International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, 2008.

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Ghinassi, Graziano. Manual for performance evaluation of sprinkler and drip irrigation systems in different agro-climatic regions of the world. New Delhi: International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, 2008.

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Ghinassi, Graziano. Manual for performance evaluation of sprinkler and drip irrigation systems in different agro-climatic regions of the world. New Delhi: International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, 2008.

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Thokal, Rajesh Tulshiram, Dillip M. Mahale, and Ashok Powar. Drip Irrigation Systems. Pointer Publishers, India, 2004.

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Ortho all about sprinklers & drip systems. 2nd ed. Des Moines, Iowa: Meredith Books, 2006.

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Ortho's all about sprinklers and drip systems. Des Moines, Iowa: Meredith Books, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Drip irrigation system"

1

Dasberg, Samuel, and Dani Or. "Drip System Components." In Drip Irrigation, 15–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03963-2_2.

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Dasberg, Samuel, and Dani Or. "Drip System Design." In Drip Irrigation, 70–99. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03963-2_4.

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Waller, Peter, and Muluneh Yitayew. "Drip Irrigation System Design." In Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 305–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05699-9_18.

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Akram, M. W., Yi Jin, Guiqiang Li, Zhu Changan, and J. Aiman. "Solar-Powered Drip Irrigation System." In The Role of Exergy in Energy and the Environment, 545–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89845-2_38.

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Ghodake, Rahul G., and Altaf O. Mulani. "Microcontroller Based Automatic Drip Irrigation System." In Techno-Societal 2016, 109–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53556-2_12.

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Choudhari, K. "Planning, Layout and Design of Drip Irrigation System." In Micro Irrigation Scheduling and Practices, 253–97. Other titles: Innovations and challenges in micro irrigation ; [v. 7] Description: Waretown, NJ : Apple Academic Press, 2017. | Series: Innovations and challenges in micro irrigation ; [volume 7]: Apple Academic Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315207384-13.

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Elakkiya, M., N. Jacinth Deborah, S. C. Dhanabal, N. Aadhavan, and K. Saravanakumar. "Automated Drip Irrigation System Using Neural Network." In Advances in Automation, Signal Processing, Instrumentation, and Control, 569–86. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8221-9_50.

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Ray, Lala I. P., I. Suting, K. Siangshai, A. K. Singh, Ram Singh, and P. K. Bora. "Performance of Winter Vegetables Under Gravity-Fed Drip Irrigation System." In Micro Irrigation Scheduling and Practices, 3–22. Other titles: Innovations and challenges in micro irrigation ; [v. 7] Description: Waretown, NJ : Apple Academic Press, 2017. | Series: Innovations and challenges in micro irrigation ; [volume 7]: Apple Academic Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315207384-1.

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Barman, Ananya, Biswarup Neogi, and Souvik Pal. "Solar-Powered Automated IoT-Based Drip Irrigation System." In Studies in Big Data, 27–49. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9177-4_2.

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Bennis, I., H. Fouchal, O. Zytoune, and D. Aboutajdine. "Monitoring Drip Irrigation System Using Wireless Sensor Networks." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 297–315. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44354-6_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Drip irrigation system"

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Sokol, Julia, Fiona Grant, Carolyn Sheline, and Amos Winter. "Development of a System Model for Low-Cost, Solar-Powered Drip Irrigation Systems in the MENA Region." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-86297.

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Drip irrigation has the potential to conserve water and increase crop yields. However, existing drip irrigation systems often require high pumping power, making them financially inaccessible to smallholder farmers. Integrating a holistic system model with a cost-optimization scheme can enable the design and implementation of low-cost, solar-powered drip irrigations systems, ultimately making this technology more cost-effective for smallholder farmers. This paper describes the algorithms comprising an integrated model of solar-powered drip irrigation systems, consisting of agronomic, hydraulic, pump, and power system modules. It also introduces a preliminary optimization scheme for the power system, which uses the system hydraulics and pump curve to select an optimal solar array and energy storage configuration that minimizes capital cost. The system model and power system optimization is applied to three case studies, and the resulting power system configurations are compared to outputs from commercially-available software for sizing solar pumping systems. The results show that the model successfully captures the nuances in crop type, local weather patterns, and hydraulic system layout between different cases. This offers a greater level of flexibility than commercially available software, which tends to have broader applications and focuses on larger systems. Future model generations will add more variables to the optimization scheme — including pump selection, variable emitter flow rates and pipe geometries — to provide a versatile design tool for cost-optimized, solar-powered drip irrigation systems.
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Kavianand, G., V. M. Nivas, R. Kiruthika, and S. Lalitha. "Smart drip irrigation system for sustainable agriculture." In 2016 IEEE Technological Innovations in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tiar.2016.7801206.

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Chavda, Rohan, Tejas Kadam, Kushal Hattangadi, and Dhruvang Vora. "Smart Drip Irrigation System using Moisture Sensors." In 2018 International Conference on Smart City and Emerging Technology (ICSCET). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icscet.2018.8537377.

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Bennis, Ismail, Hacene Fouchal, Ouadoudi Zytoune, and Driss Aboutajdine. "Drip Irrigation System using Wireless Sensor Networks." In 2015 Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15439/2015f299.

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Divyapriya, S., R. Vijayakumar, M. Siva Ramkumar, A. Amudha, P. Nagaveni, G. Emayavaramban, and Viyathukattuva Mansoor. "IoT Enabled Drip Irrigation System with Weather Forecasting." In 2020 Fourth International Conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud) (I-SMAC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/i-smac49090.2020.9243349.

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Bhattacharjee, Dipanjan, Om Prakash, and Hashinur Islam. "Smart Fertilizer Dispensary System for Automated Drip irrigation." In 2018 3rd IEEE International Conference on Recent Trends in Electronics, Information & Communication Technology (RTEICT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rteict42901.2018.9012416.

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Patel, Nilesh R., Rahul B. Lanjewar, Swarup S. Mathurkar, and Ashwin A. Bhandekar. "Microcontroller based drip irrigation system using smart sensor." In 2013 Annual IEEE India Conference (INDICON). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/indcon.2013.6726064.

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Math, Anushree, Layak Ali, and U. Pruthviraj. "Development of Smart Drip Irrigation System Using IoT." In 2018 IEEE Distributed Computing, VLSI, Electrical Circuits and Robotics (DISCOVER). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/discover.2018.8674080.

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Ghosh, Subhashree, Sumaiya Sayyed, Kanchan Wani, Mrunal Mhatre, and Hyder Ali Hingoliwala. "Smart irrigation: A smart drip irrigation system using cloud, android and data mining." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Advances in Electronics, Communication and Computer Technology (ICAECCT). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaecct.2016.7942589.

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Deangelis, M. L., and G. Negrini. "Analysis of water consumption of a drip irrigation system compared with sprinkler installation: a case study in Sicily (Italy)." In SUSTAINABLE IRRIGATION 2012. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/si120121.

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Reports on the topic "Drip irrigation system"

1

Dasberg, Shmuel, Jan W. Hopmans, Larry J. Schwankl, and Dani Or. Drip Irrigation Management by TDR Monitoring of Soil Water and Solute Distribution. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568095.bard.

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Drip irrigation has the potential of high water use efficiency, but actual water measurement is difficult because of the limited wetted volume. Two long-term experiments in orchards in Israel and in California and several field crop studies supported by this project have demonstrated the feasibility of precise monitoring of soil water distribution for drip irrigation in spite of the limited soil wetting. Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) enables in situ measurement of soil water content of well defined small volumes. Several approaches were tried in monitoring the soil water balance in the field during drip irrigation. These also facilitated the estimation of water uptake: 1. The use of multilevel moisture probe TDR system. This approach proved to be of limited value because of the extremely small diameter of measurement. 2. The placement of 20 cm long TDR probes at predetermined distances from the drippers in citrus orchards. 3. Heavy instrumentation with neutron scattering access tubes and tensiometers of a single drip irrigated almond tree. 4. High resolution spatial and temporal measurements (0.1m x 0.1m grid) of water content by TDR in corn irrigated by surface and subsurface drip. The latter approach was accompanied by parametric modelling of water uptake intensity patterns by corn roots and superimposed with analytical solutions for water flow from point and line sources. All this lead to general and physically based suggestions for the placement of soil water sensors for scheduling drip irrigation.
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Oron, Gideon, Raphi Mandelbaum, Carlos E. Enriquez, Robert Armon, Yoseph Manor, L. Gillerman, A. Alum, and Charles P. Gerba. Optimization of Secondary Wastewater Reuse to Minimize Environmental Risks. United States Department of Agriculture, December 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7573077.bard.

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The main purpose of the research was to examine approaches and to evaluate methods for minimizing the risks during applying treated domestic wastewater for agricultural irrigation. This general purpose consisted of examining under field conditions the possibilities when implementing different application technologies for minimizing health and environmental risks. It was assumed that Subsurface Drip Irrigation (SDI) will provide adequate conditions for safe effluent reuse. Controlled field experiments where conducted in commercial fields to evaluate the alternatives. Main efforts where conducted in Israel in the grape vineyard in Arad heights, in the field crops in Kibbutz Chafets Chaim and in Arizona in fields adjacent to the University campus. The complementary part was to examine the behavior of the various pathogens in the effluent-soil-plant system. The analysis is based on controlled experiments, primarily in greenhouse along with field experiments. Molecular biology methods were used to identify the behavior of the pathogens in the components of the system. The project included as well examining the effluent quality in various sites, primarily those in which treated wastewater is reused for agricultural irrigation. The monitoring included conventional parameters however, also parasites such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium. The results obtained indicate the prominent advantages of using Subsurface Drip Irrigation (SDI) method for minimizing health and environmental risks during application of secondary effluent. A theoretical model for assessing the risks while applying treated wastewater was completed as well. The management model shows the risks during various scenarios of wastewater quality, application technology and related human exposure.
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Warrick, Arthur W., Gideon Oron, Mary M. Poulton, Rony Wallach, and Alex Furman. Multi-Dimensional Infiltration and Distribution of Water of Different Qualities and Solutes Related Through Artificial Neural Networks. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7695865.bard.

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The project exploits the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to describe infiltration, water, and solute distribution in the soil during irrigation. It provides a method of simulating water and solute movement in the subsurface which, in principle, is different and has some advantages over the more common approach of numerical modeling of flow and transport equations. The five objectives were (i) Numerically develop a database for the prediction of water and solute distribution for irrigation; (ii) Develop predictive models using ANN; (iii) Develop an experimental (laboratory) database of water distribution with time; within a transparent flow cell by high resolution CCD video camera; (iv) Conduct field studies to provide basic data for developing and testing the ANN; and (v) Investigate the inclusion of water quality [salinity and organic matter (OM)] in an ANN model used for predicting infiltration and subsurface water distribution. A major accomplishment was the successful use of Moment Analysis (MA) to characterize “plumes of water” applied by various types of irrigation (including drip and gravity sources). The general idea is to describe the subsurface water patterns statistically in terms of only a few (often 3) parameters which can then be predicted by the ANN. It was shown that ellipses (in two dimensions) or ellipsoids (in three dimensions) can be depicted about the center of the plume. Any fraction of water added can be related to a ‘‘probability’’ curve relating the size of the ellipse (or ellipsoid) that contains that amount of water. The initial test of an ANN to predict the moments (and hence the water plume) was with numerically generated data for infiltration from surface and subsurface drip line and point sources in three contrasting soils. The underlying dataset consisted of 1,684,500 vectors (5 soils×5 discharge rates×3 initial conditions×1,123 nodes×20 print times) where each vector had eleven elements consisting of initial water content, hydraulic properties of the soil, flow rate, time and space coordinates. The output is an estimate of subsurface water distribution for essentially any soil property, initial condition or flow rate from a drip source. Following the formal development of the ANN, we have prepared a “user-friendly” version in a spreadsheet environment (in “Excel”). The input data are selected from appropriate values and the output is instantaneous resulting in a picture of the resulting water plume. The MA has also proven valuable, on its own merit, in the description of the flow in soil under laboratory conditions for both wettable and repellant soils. This includes non-Darcian flow examples and redistribution and well as infiltration. Field experiments were conducted in different agricultural fields and various water qualities in Israel. The obtained results will be the basis for the further ANN models development. Regions of high repellence were identified primarily under the canopy of various orchard crops, including citrus and persimmons. Also, increasing OM in the applied water lead to greater repellency. Major scientific implications are that the ANN offers an alternative to conventional flow and transport modeling and that MA is a powerful technique for describing the subsurface water distributions for normal (wettable) and repellant soil. Implications of the field measurements point to the special role of OM in affecting wettability, both from the irrigation water and from soil accumulation below canopies. Implications for agriculture are that a modified approach for drip system design should be adopted for open area crops and orchards, and taking into account the OM components both in the soil and in the applied waters.
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Heitman, Joshua L., Alon Ben-Gal, Thomas J. Sauer, Nurit Agam, and John Havlin. Separating Components of Evapotranspiration to Improve Efficiency in Vineyard Water Management. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7594386.bard.

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Vineyards are found on six of seven continents, producing a crop of high economic value with much historic and cultural significance. Because of the wide range of conditions under which grapes are grown, management approaches are highly varied and must be adapted to local climatic constraints. Research has been conducted in the traditionally prominent grape growing regions of Europe, Australia, and the western USA, but far less information is available to guide production under more extreme growing conditions. The overarching goal of this project was to improve understanding of vineyard water management related to the critical inter-row zone. Experiments were conducted in moist temperate (North Carolina, USA) and arid (Negev, Israel) regions in order to address inter-row water use under high and low water availability conditions. Specific objectives were to: i) calibrate and verify a modeling technique to identify components of evapotranspiration (ET) in temperate and semiarid vineyard systems, ii) evaluate and refine strategies for excess water removal in vineyards for moist temperate regions of the Southeastern USA, and iii) evaluate and refine strategies for water conservation in vineyards for semi-arid regions of Israel. Several new measurement and modeling techniques were adapted and assessed in order to partition ET between favorable transpiration by the grapes and potentially detrimental water use within the vineyard inter-row. A micro Bowen ratio measurement system was developed to quantify ET from inter-rows. The approach was successful at the NC site, providing strong correlation with standard measurement approaches and adding capability for continuous, non-destructive measurement within a relatively small footprint. The environmental conditions in the Negev site were found to limit the applicability of the technique. Technical issues are yet to be solved to make this technique sufficiently robust. The HYDRUS 2D/3D modeling package was also adapted using data obtained in a series of intense field campaigns at the Negev site. The adapted model was able to account for spatial variation in surface boundary conditions, created by diurnal canopy shading, in order to accurately calculate the contribution of interrow evaporation (E) as a component of system ET. Experiments evaluated common practices in the southeastern USA: inter-row cover crops purported to reduce water availability and thereby favorably reduce grapevine vegetative growth; and southern Israel: drip irrigation applied to produce a high value crop with maximum water use efficiency. Results from the NC site indicated that water use by the cover crop contributed a significant portion of vineyard ET (up to 93% in May), but that with ample rainfall typical to the region, cover crop water use did little to limit water availability for the grape vines. A potential consequence, however, was elevated below canopy humidity owing to the increased inter-row evapotranspiration associated with the cover crops. This creates increased potential for fungal disease occurrence, which is a common problem in the region. Analysis from the Negev site reveals that, on average, E accounts for about10% of the total vineyard ET in an isolated dripirrigated vineyard. The proportion of ET contributed by E increased from May until just before harvest in July, which could be explained primarily by changes in weather conditions. While non-productive water loss as E is relatively small, experiments indicate that further improvements in irrigation efficiency may be possible by considering diurnal shading effects on below canopy potential ET. Overall, research provided both scientific and practical outcomes including new measurement and modeling techniques, and new insights for humid and arid vineyard systems. Research techniques developed through the project will be useful for other agricultural systems, and the successful synergistic cooperation amongst the research team offers opportunity for future collaboration.
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