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Torres, Alexandre. "Essential notation for object-relational mapping." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/97116.
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Esta tese apresenta a Notação Essencial para Mapeamento Objeto-Relacional (em inglês, ENORM), uma notação de propósito geral que representa os conceitos estruturais do Mapeamento Objeto-Relacional (MOR). O objetivo de ENORM é facilitar o projeto através da aplicação clara dos padrões MOR, documentação dos mapeamentos com uma notação independente de plataforma, e tornar-se um repositório para transformações dirigidas por modelos, geração parcial de código e ferramentas de engenharia round-trip. ENORM é uma notação baseada em perfil UML, projetada para representar padrões pertencentes a lógica de modelo do domínio, com objetos do domínio incorporando tanto comportamento como dados. A notação representa padrões adotados por frameworks MOR difundidos no mercado (Active Record, do Ruby; SQLAlchemy, do Python; Entity Framework, da Microsoft .net; JPA, Cayenne, and MyBatis, do Java), seguindo os princípios Não se repita e Convenção sobre Configuração. ENORM foi avaliado por experimentos controlados, comparando a modelagem de estudantes com modelos UML e relacionais separados, atingindo um número significativamente maior de objetivos na maioria dos cenários, sem ser significativamente diferente nos piores cenários experimentais.This thesis presents the Essential Notation for Object-Relational Mapping (ENORM), a general purpose notation that represents structural concepts of Object- Relational Mapping (ORM). The goal of ENORM is to facilitate the design by the clear application of ORM patterns, document mappings with a platform independent notation, and became a repository for model-driven transformations, partial code generation, and round-trip engineering tools. ENORM is a UML profile based notation, designed to represent patterns within a domain modeling logic, with objects of the domain incorporating both behavior and data. The notation represents patterns adopted by widespread ORM frameworks in the market (Active Record, of Ruby; SQLAlchemy, of Python; Entity Framework, of Microsoft .net; JPA, Cayenne, and MyBatis, of Java), following the Don´t Repeat Yourself and Convention over Configuration principles. ENORM was evaluated by controlled experiments, comparing the modeling by students with the use of separated UML and relational models, achieving significantly more goals in the majority of the scenarios, without being significantly different in the worst experimental scenarios.
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China, Jaques Lefebvre. "Attachment and object relations theory." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336335.
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Rebillet, Susan Bates. "Object Relations Correlates on the MMPI." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330987/.
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This study was undertaken to help determine the usefulness of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) for providing information regarding a person's object relations. Subjects were 136 college students (56 males, 80 females) ranging in age from 18 to 48. Subjects were administered the Rorschach, the Self Object Scale (SOS), and the MMPI. The Rorschach was scored using Blatt, Brenneis, Schimek, and Glick's (1976a) manual for scoring the level of object relations (Developmental Analysis of the Concept of the Object Scale-DACOS), the SOS scored as Blatt, Chevron, Quinlan, and Wein's manual (1981) directs, and the MMPI scored in the standardized manner using college-age norms. MANOVA's on the SOS and the DACOS resulted in significant effects for sex on MMPI scales 6, 7, and 8. Sex differences on MMPI scales 6 and 4 were obtained for high/low level of object relations on the DACOS. Pearson correlations showed positive correlations for males between level of object relations on the SOS and MMPI scale 5, and negative correlations on MMPI scale 5 for females. For males positive correlations between the DACOS and MMPI scale 4 and negative correlations on MMPI scale 10 were noted. These results were discussed as pertaining to the socialization of males and females. The most puzzling finding was the lack of correlation between the DACOS and the SOS. This was discussed as possibly being a result of the effect of the Rorschach, which measures psychopathology, whereas the SOS may be a purer measure of object relations. The paucity and weakness of the results was attributed to the restricted variance of the population. Implications for future research included obtaining a larger sample from a normal population, establishing clear norms for object eolations measures, obtaining correlations between a measure of current functioning and the object relations measures as a step toward establishing cut-off scores for groups on the measures, and further exploration of the weights in the scoring categories "of Blatt's DACOS scale.
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Baroody, Ramzi. "Nested relations and object-orientation on secondary storage." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69697.
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This thesis discusses the implementation of inheritance and nesting in a relational database. The purpose of this is to integrate object-oriented concepts into the relational model.RELIX is a database progamming system based on the relational model. Inheritance and nesting are two important features which are desirable to have in a database. Therefore, our aim was to incorporate these features in RELIX. The implementation was done using RELIX's existing relational functionality, without any modification. Inheritance and nesting were implemented using the natural join, showing that they could be implemented using relational operations. New syntax was added to RELIX to enable the user to take advantage of inheritance and nesting, thus giving the programmer an object-oriented view on a relational database. We also took advantage of the dependence of inheritance and nesting on the natural join, and implemented an alternative algorithm for it based on the concept of a join index. This algorithm improves the performance of natural joins for low activity operations such as those associated with inheritance and nesting.
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Freedenfeld, Robert N. "Assessing the Object Relations of Sexually Abused Females." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500657/.
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The TAT stories of 38 sexually abused females between the ages of 5 and 18 years and a clinical group of 26 females with no recorded history of abuse were analyzed using the Object Relations and Social Cognitions TAT Scoring System (Westen et al., 1985). Subjects in the sexual abuse group showed significantly lower mean scores on a scale measuring affect-tone of relationship paradigms and on a scale measuring complexity of representations of people. In addition, pathological responses were given significantly more often by sexual abuse victims on the complexity of representations of people scale. Thus, sexually abused children showed more primitive and simple characterizations of people and more negative, punitive affect in their representations. Moreover, these results were independent of age, race, and intelligence. Group differences are discussed in terms of object relations development.
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Ribeiro, Luisa. "Object relations in personality disorder : development of the "Problematic Object Representation Scales" (PORS) for the AAI." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445029/.
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Over the past years, there has been an increasing interest in assessing object relations and studying the relationship between problematic object representations and different types of psychological disturbance. These efforts have emphasised the importance of the representation of interpersonal relationships in personality pathology. Representations of interpersonal relationships are given particular emphasis by the Attachment Theory (e.g., Bowlby, 1980/88), which highlights the importance of early relationships with caregivers in personality development. In fact, many patients with personality disorder exhibit significant difficulties in intimate relationships and can therefore be seen as having some degree of attachment disorder. The present study describes the development and reliability analysis of the "Problematic Object Representation Scales" (PORS) to be applied to the Adult Attachment Interview Protocol (George et al., 1996), in an effort to integrate object relations and personality disorder research. Levels of PORS are compared across different diagnostic groups revealing that personality disordered patients exhibit higher levels of "inconsistency", "inappropriate affect valence", and "disturbance of thinking" when compared to patients with other disorders and normal controls. Results also reveal significant associations between some of the PORS and other measures of personality functioning (e.g., Reflective Functioning, Fonagy et al., 1998 Revised Adult Personality Functioning Assessment, Hill & Stein, 2000) and early adversity (Childhood Experiences of Care and Abuse, Bifulco et al., 1994), although these associations seem mostly accounted for by the presence of personality disorder. Hence, the PORS appear to be a reliable method of assessing problematic object representations through the AAI and some of the scales are able to differentiate diagnostic groups on the basis of their object representations. Conclusions are drawn regarding the potential usefulness of the PORS in research and clinical contexts.
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Dalal, Farhad. "Towards an anlytic theorization of colour-coded object relations." Thesis, University of East London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532465.
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Dalai, Farhad N. "Towards an analytic theorization of colour-coded object relations." Thesis, University of East London, 2001. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/3570/.
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The aim of the thesis is a psychoanalytic and group analytic theorization of racism in general and colourracism in particular in the clinical context in Britain. Following a critical survey of the notion of race, it is suggested that of more significance than race, is the activity of racialization in which the notions of black and white play a central role. The definition of racism proposed is that racism is any use of the idea of race as an organizing principle. Next, explanations of racism are extracted from the theories of Freud, Klein, Fairbairn and Winnicott. This is followed by a critical review of the literature on racism and prejudice found in the main psychoanalytic journals. It is found that the psychoanalytic take on racism is limited in what it can achieve because it is too internalist and individualistic, and so cannot take account of the group phenomenon of racism. The study then gives abbreviated accounts of engagements with racism in the works of Adorno, Kovel, Wolfenstein, Fanon, Rustin and de Zulueta. The thesis now turns its attention from the level of the individual to the level of the group. The group analytic theory of S.H. Foulkes is introduced, in particular his description of the social unconscious. The ideas of Norbert Elias are used to extend group analytic theory to generate a psycho-social theory in which the structures of society are shown to be reproduced in the structure of psyches. The argument continues, that if society is colour-coded, then so is the psyche. Next, the semantic history of the terms black and white in the English language was traced. This included the use of these terms in the Authorized Version of the Bible. It was found that many of the associations with blackness which are taken to be timeless - death, anger, etc. - occur in the last few hundred years. The semantic evidence shows, that before blackness and whiteness could became the servants of racism, they were cathected with negativity and positivity. Following this they were increasingly used as parts-of-names as a way of signalling the value and status of the named. From the 1600's, the confluence of an increasing sense of negativity with the notion of blackness, the naming of non-European "thems' as black, when combined with the labelling of emotions and behaviours progressively designated as disagreeable as black, give credence to the idea that societies and psyches were being divided in colour-coded ways. A general theory of difference was developed based on the work of Matte-Blanco (bilogic), Foulkes (social unconscious), Elias (power-relations) and Winnicott (identity formation). The model of human beings that is generated by this theorization is one in which the forms of psyche are predicated on the forms of society, with the two in a recursive relationship to each other. Components of this model include an alternative model of the unconscious, and a problematizing of the notion of the whole. This theory was applied to the territory of race and racism. The resulting theory of racism is an integration of insights from three domains - the cognitive, the emotional and the sociological. Thus racism can no longer thought of as primarily a result of splitting and projection, but as a complex psycho-social phenomenon that is driven by the pragmatics of the power-relations in the world. Whilst psychological mechanisms play a critical role in this process, they are not elevated as causal agencies. Finally, some indication is given of the resulting modifications required of the practices of psychotherapy - in particular it is argued that the notion of the transference needs to be extended to include the historical relations between groups of people.
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Rasile, Karen D. "Object Relations Theory and Personal Construct Theory: Rapprochement Opportunity." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500772/.
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Empirical investigation of the tenets of Object Relations Theory is recent. This study of the theoretical convergence between Object Relations Theory and Personal Construct Theory brought a new direction to the empirical investigation. It was hypothesized that individuals who displayed a well developed level of object relations, as measured by Object Relations Theory, would also display a highly adaptive blend of cognitive complexity and ordination, as described by Personal Construct Theory, and vice versa. A correlational analysis of personality measures on 136 college students approached but did not attain statistical significance. Results indicated no significant theoretical convergence between Object Relations Theory and Personal Construct Theory. Further research is warranted only if greater variability in sample age, life experience, and psychopathology is assured.
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Gleason, Karin E. "Attachment and object relations theories, understanding adolescent mother-infant relationships." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ58212.pdf.
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Isler, Diane E. (Diane Evelyn). "Rorschach Assessment of Object Relations Development in Sexually Abused Children." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500770/.
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Sexual abuse of children has profound negative effects on psychological development. This study examined the effects of sexual abuse on object relations functioning by using the Mutuality of Autonomy Scale (MAS, Urist, 1977) to score Rorschach protocols of 63 abused children and 60 non-abused clinical controls. The hypothesis that abused children would have less developed object relations than their non-abused counterparts was not supported. Neither was the hypothesis that children who experienced greater severity of sexual abuse would exhibit more malevolent object relations. The hypothesis that mean and modal MAS scores would be highly intercorrelated and interchangeable as research variables was supported. Comparisons of this sample to a normative sample are discussed.
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Ivey, Gavin William. "A case study of narcissistic pathology : an object relations perspective." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008453.
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The case-study method of psychological research was applied to the brief psychodynamic therapy of a narcissistically disordered female patient. The aim of this research was to explore, clarify and explain certain diagnostic and psychodynamic anomalies to emerge in the course of treatment, using a conceptual framework derived from select psychoanalytic object relations theorists in the area of narcissistic pathology. The author, discovering that there was no diagnostic or explanatory object relations model adequate to the therapeutic data, formulated his own diagnostic category narcissistic neurosis and an eclectic object relations model in order to explain the anomolous research findings. Narcissistic neurosis was defined as a form of psychopathology in which a primarily neurotic character structure presents with a distinctly narcissistic profile. The narcissistic false self-structure serves the functional purpose of protecting the psyche from a repressed negative self-representation derived from a destructive bipolar self-object introject. The primary etiological factor to emerge was that of a narcissistic mother conditional affection and self-object target child necessitated adaptive whose insensitivity, relationship with the premature self-sufficiency and the defensive emergence of a narcissistic surface self-representation. It was proposed that narcissistic neurosis and narcissistic personality disorder are two discrete forms of pathology differing in terms of severity, psychodynamics, defensive structure, mode of object relating, therapeutic accessibility and prognosis. Assessment criteria were proposed in order to differentiate the two areas of narcissistic pathology and assess suitability for psychotherapeutic treatment. Positive treatment results in this case-study suggest that narcissistic neuroses may receive long-term benefit from short-term psychodynamic therapy.
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Freedenfeld, Robert N. (Robert Neil). "Child Physical Abuse: An Analysis of Social Cognition and Object Relations." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278451/.
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Niemeyer, Kristin M. "An Exploration of Object Relations and the Early Working Alliance in a University Clinic Sample." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4583/.
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The current study investigated the relationship between clients' object relations functioning and the working alliance. The Social Cognition and Object Relations Scale (SCORS; Westen, 1991), an object relations scoring system for the TAT, was used to assess object relations functioning. Forty-eight therapy clients at a university-based training clinic were administered the TAT, Adult Attachment Scale (AAS), Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R; Derogatis, 1977), and the short form of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MCSD; Crowne & Marlowe, 1960). Following the initial assessment of client characteristics shortly after intake, clients and their therapists rated the working alliance 3 sessions later. Results indicated that the SCORS was significantly correlated with client and therapist ratings of the working alliance. The current study also assessed the predictive validity of the SCORS by examining how its various scales are related to aspects of the working alliance and the other measures used in this study. The findings suggest that the relationship between object relations functioning, the working alliance, symptom severity, and attachment disturbance depends on the aspect of object relations that is being assessed.
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Magee, Colm Daniel. "Using the object relations technique with autistic spectrum disordered children to reveal their experience of relationships." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/2630.
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The use of projective assessments has a long history and tradition within psychological testing. However, there is a relative lack of research using these techniques with people with Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and Asperger Syndrome (AS). People with ASD have common features known as the „triad of impairments‟: (a) impairments in social interaction (b) qualitative impairments in communication and (c) restricted, repetitive or stereotyped patterns of behaviour, interests or attitudes. Herbert Phillipson‟s (1955) Object Relations Technique (ORT) is a well-established projective assessment that examines an individual‟s ability to describe object relationships. A review of the literature has revealed no published papers using the ORT with this client group. The ORT is a story-based assessment in which the participants respond to a set of ambiguous pictures displaying one, two, three person, or group situations and one blank plate. The test seeks to show the different ways an individual experiences, or will avoid, the particular object relationships. The expectation is that the participants will display a consistency between the four dimensions assessed and how they conduct and view relationships, and this will be reflected in the stories. Five participants were assessed using the ORT. The results were compared to the normative data supplied by Phillipson (1955). The study found that all the participants had difficulties with meeting the full criteria for the stories. Stories lacked emotional connections and interactions between the characters, with a reliance on basic emotional states. Problems were encountered in story production for the blank plate. When compared to normative data the participants displayed a range of perceptual variations in relation to the figures in the pictures. Further analysis was also conducted using Labov‟s (1972, 1982) structural analysis which revealed difficulties with including all the elements in the stories. Miles and Huberman‟s (1994) thematic analysis was also undertaken. The themes that emerged highlighted that the participants‟ stories reflected their adolescent stage of development, though these are not always clearly articulated. Overall, the study highlighted the difficulties with using the ORT with an ASD population, which affects its practicality and usefulness for assessment purposes. The possible reasons for these difficulties are discussed.
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Roche, Diane N. "Attachment and object relations, mediators between child sexual abuse and women's adjustment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ47294.pdf.
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Franke, Christine. "Living on the edge of possibility : a study of autistic object relations." Thesis, University of Essex, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435251.
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Mecit, Alican. "Four essays on psycholinguistic effects in consumer behavior and consumer-object relations." Thesis, Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021EHEC0002.
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Dans le premier essai, j’examine la langue en tant que nouveau facteur d'anthropomorphisme. À travers huit études, je montre qu’au sein des langues genrées comme le français, les marques de genre que présentent les noms d’entités non humaines influencent la façon dont les individus se représentent mentalement ces entités, et augmentent par conséquent leurs tendances généralisées à anthropomorphiser les objets de consommation. Je démontre ces effets à la fois en comparant les différences naturelles dans les tendances à l’anthropomorphisme entre les langues (par exemple, l’anglais, le français, l’italien), et en manipulant la présence de marques de genre pour les non humains au sein d’études intralinguistiques. Je montre en outre que, dans les langues genrées, le genre grammatical des noms d’entités non humaines, quoique sémantiquement arbitraire, influence les interactions des consommateurs avec les marques et les objets de consommation en conformité avec les connotations de féminité et de masculinité. Dans le deuxième essai, je cherche à savoir si la marque grammaticale de genre des noms de maladies affecte l’appréciation des risques par les consommateurs. En français et en espagnol, le nom de la maladie résultant du coronavirus (COVID-19) est grammaticalement féminin, tandis que le virus responsable de la maladie (coronavirus) est masculin. Dans une série d'expériences avec des francophones et des hispanophones, j’observe que le genre grammatical affecte les jugements liés au virus en conformité avec les stéréotypes de genre : les termes féminins (vs masculins) relatifs au virus amènent les individus à lui attribuer moins de caractéristiques masculines stéréotypées, ce qui réduit dès lors leurs perceptions du danger. Cet effet se généralise aux comportements préventifs des consommateurs ainsi qu'à d'autres maladies, et se trouve modéré par les différences individuelles en termes de stéréotypes sexuels chroniques. Dans le troisième essai, j’examine si la manière dont on se positionne par rapport au temps affecte les inférences que l’on tire de la vitesse perçue du temps. Les résultats de quatre expériences montrent que, lorsque le temps est perçu comme étant passé rapidement, les gens accélèrent pour compenser le temps perdu. Le fait que l'on se représente comme un agent en mouvement sur une ligne temporelle immobile ou un agent immobile sur une ligne en mouvement modère cet effet : les personnes qui se représentent comme des agents en mouvement sont plus susceptibles d’inférer leur vitesse de la vitesse du temps, et deviennent plus rapides (lentes) lorsqu'elles voient le temps passer plus rapidement (lentement) que prévu. En conséquence, elles sont davantage confrontées à des compromis cognitifs, tels que l’imprécision et l'impulsivité, que les personnes qui se représentent comme des agents immobiles sur une ligne en mouvement. Dans le dernier essai, je m’intéresse à la question de savoir si l'attribution de caractéristiques humaines à des entités non humaines facilite le processus inverse de déni des caractéristiques humaines à d'autres humains (déshumanisation). À travers quatre études, je montre que la tendance à l'anthropomorphisation est corrélée positivement à une tendance à déshumaniser les autres individus, ainsi qu’au soutien à des politiques de déshumanisation ; l’usage d’appareils dotés de caractéristiques humaines est associé à la fois à un anthropomorphisme et à une déshumanisation accrues. Je montre, à l’aide de preuves causales, que l’exposition à des signaux anthropomorphiques, comme un robot humanoïde, accroît la tendance à la déshumanisation et au déni d’émotions secondaires aux autres individus. J’observe de plus que la déshumanisation ne se produit qu’au sein d’interactions avec des objets anthropomorphisés et que les attitudes diverses des consommateurs envers l’objet anthropomorphisé modèrent l’effet, les attitudes plus favorables conduisant ironiquement à plus de tendances à la déshumanisationIn the first essay, I investigate language as a novel antecedent of anthropomorphism. Across eight studies, I show that gender-marking of non-human nouns in gendered languages (e.g., French) influences the way individuals mentally represent these entities, and as a result increases their generalized tendencies to anthropomorphize consumption objects. I demonstrate the effects both by comparing anthropomorphism as a function of natural differences in languages (e.g., English, French, Italian) and by manipulating the presence of gender-markings for non-humans in within-language studies. I further show that within gendered languages, grammatical gender of non-human nouns, although semantically arbitrary, influences consumers’ interactions with brands and consumption objects consistent with connotations of femininity and masculinity. In the second essay, I test whether the grammatical gender mark of diseases affects consumers’ risk judgements. In French and Spanish, the name of the disease resulting from the virus (COVID-19) is grammatically feminine, whereas the virus that causes the disease (coronavirus) is masculine. In a series of experiments with French and Spanish speakers, I find that grammatical gender affects virus-related judgments consistent with gender stereotypes: feminine- (vs. masculine-) marked terms for the virus lead individuals to assign lower stereotypical masculine characteristics to the virus, which in turn reduces their danger perceptions. The effect generalizes to precautionary consumer behavioral intentions as well as to other diseases, and is moderated by individual differences in chronic gender stereotyping. In the third essay, I study whether attributing humanlike characteristics to non-human entities facilitate the inverse process of denying human characteristics to other humans (dehumanization). Across four studies, I show that the tendency to anthropomorphize is positively correlated with a tendency to dehumanize other individuals, as well as with support for dehumanizing policies; the use of technological devices with humanlike characteristics is associated both with increased anthropomorphism and increased dehumanization. Causal evidence shows that priming with anthropomorphic cues, such as a humanlike robot, increases dehumanization and denying secondary emotions to other individuals. Furthermore, I find that dehumanization only occurs in interactions with anthropomorphized objects and that consumers’ attitudes toward the anthropomorphized object moderates the effect, with more favorable attitudes ironically leading to greater dehumanization tendencies. In the last essay, I study whether the way one talks and thinks about time affects the inferences s/he draws from the perceived speed of time. The results of four experiments show that when time is perceived to have passed quickly, people speed up to compensate for the lost time. Whether one conceptualizes herself as a moving agent on a stationary timeline or a stationary agent on a moving timeline moderates this effect. People who conceptualize themselves as moving agents are more likely to infer their speed from the speed of time, and become faster (slower) when they experience time passing unexpectedly quickly (slowly). As a result, they suffer from cognitive trade-offs, such as inaccuracy and impulsivity, more than those who conceptualize themselves as stationary agents on a moving timeline
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Wirz, Bea. "An object relations approach to therapeutic work with children in clinical settings." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15955.
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Bibliography: pages 106-121.The aim of this paper is to elucidate an object relations approach to therapeutic work with children. The study is conducted by means of a critical theoretical evaluation of psychoanalytic and object relations conceptualisations of the nature of the primary biological mother-child relationship; an in depth theoretical exploration of the mother's involvement in and contribution to both optimal and pathological development in the child, and of her role in the child's treatment. The theoretical exposition is supplemented by the presentation and examination of clinical material derived from a child treatment case in clinical practice. Child treatment is located within an historical context; the role of parents in child treatment is addressed and divergencies in technical approaches to their inclusion in child treatment are reviewed. The nature of the primary biological mother-child relationship - its evolution, unconscious interrelational processes, optimal and pathological vicissitudes and its implications for child treatment - is explored. Simultaneous treatment of mother and child is offered for consideration, as an object relations approach which addresses the operation of both conscious and unconscious processes within the mother-child relationship, the vicissitudes of developmental disturbances and how these manifest in the therapeutic situation. The conclusion drawn is that an in-depth understanding of the primary relationship and its unconscious processes is of crucial importance in the assessment, diagnosis and treatment of children and that in many instances the mother needs to be directly involved in the treatment endeavour. It is further concluded that simultaneous treatment of mother and child is valuable in highlighting points of interaction between the disturbances of mother and child, and facilitates an understanding of the unconscious meanings and associations held by the mother in connection with her child, as well as the ways in which her unconscious expectations are fulfilled by the symptomatic child.
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Selby, Christine Louise Buntrock. "The Relationship of False Self Behavior to Object Relations, Attachment, and Adjustment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2605/.
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The focus of this investigation is to assess the relationship between false self behavior, object relations and attachment variables, and adjustment. Theory suggests that object relations and attachment are interrelated, and have been independently linked to psychological consequences. Theory also postulates a relationship between false self behavior and object relations theory. Given the interrelatedness of object relations and attachment theory it is possible that false self behavior may also be linked to attachment variables. While the relationship between object relations and false self behavior seems to have been established object relations theory and attachment theory have not been studied in tandem as related to false self behavior. In addition, this investigation will explore the relationship of adjustment variables to attachment and object relations variables. Undergraduate males and females will be solicited for participation, and will be asked to complete self-report questionnaires measuring false self behavior, object relations, attachment, and adjustment. The primary research hypothesis is that less false self behavior will be related to mature object relations, secure attachment, and fewer symptoms.
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Lebastard, Franck. "Driver : une couche objet virtuelle persistante pour le raisonnement sur les bases de données relationnelles." Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0030.
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Cette thèse présente DRIVER, une couche objet virtuelle persistante permet tant d'utiliser dans un même formalisme objet choisi aussi bien l'information contenue dans les bases de données relationnelles que la connaissance d'un système de plus haut niveau, comme notre générateur de Systèmes Experts SMECI. Un schéma de correspondances, défini par l'utilisateur, associe aux données des bases connectées une représentation objet qui permet de les manipuler et de les exploiter de façon absolument transparente dans l'environnement du système expert, notamment dans le cadre du raisonnement. DRIVER permet également d'apporter la persistance aux objets de l'environnement, au gré de l'utilisateurThis thesis presents DRIVER, a persistent virtual object layer, that permits to use, in a same chosen object formalism, both the information contained in relational databases and the knowledge of a higher-level system, such as our expert system shell SMECI. A user-defined mapping assigns an object representation to data of connected bases; it permits to handle and to utilize them exactly as other objects in the expert system environment, for example during reasoning. DRIVER can also supply some environment objects with persistence, according to user's wishes
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Zeddies, Timothy James. "Analytic authority and the good life in relational psychoanalysis /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p9992949.
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Tosio, Paul. "An object relational psychoanalysis of selected Tennessee Williams play texts." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2003. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/17/.
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Stenlöv, Camilla. "Beloved as a Good Object : A Kleinian Reading of Toni Morrison's Beloved." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för humaniora (HUM), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-17673.
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The text of Beloved will be analyzed with a Kleinian and Freudian approach in order to show how the characters see each other as good or bad objects. This essay begins with an explanation of terms and a short presentation of psychoanalysis and object relations theory. Thereafter, each main character and their relation to Beloved will be examined and discussed as well as their relation to each other.
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Tipton, Paula J. "The impact of psychotherapeutic process groups on God image and object relations development." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.
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Wulff, Melanie. "Investigating the relations between object affordance and perception using behavioural and neuroimaging experiments." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6520/.
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Previous research has shown facilitatory effects on attention and perception when object pairs are positioned for action compared to when they are not positioned for action. The present thesis aimed to better understand the mechanisms underlying this paired-object affordance effect. Chapters 2 and 3 showed that different but interacting parieto-frontal networks contribute to the effects of paired-object affordance in healthy participants. Chapters 4 and 5 explored the effects of paired-object affordance on visual extinction; the data showed that recovery from extinction was sensitive to the familiarity of the object pair and the completeness of the active object rather than the passive object within an interacting pair. Finally, the role of contextual information and task demands on the automatic perception of paired-object affordance effects was directly explored. The results indicate that only explicit but not implicit task demands (searching for an action vs. a colour pair, respectively) had facilitatory effects on performance and that semantic information in a scene also modulates the automatic perception of paired-object affordance. The findings provide novel behavioural and neuroimaging evidence that paired-object affordance is influenced by contextual information and task demands, with the active object (the tool) within a pair modulating the allocation of attention.
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Sukanek, Jennifer. "The identity and objectification of personal trainers." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6064.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 19, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.
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Arzul, Jean-Philippe. "An investigation into the object relational patterns of violent male juvenile offenders." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=init_8829_1180443712.
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Although deficits in object relations patterns have been identified in populations of violent offenders, few studies have examined the object relations of male juveniles incarcerated for violent crimes. The present study examined four dimensions of object relations, as measured by the Thematic Apperception Test and Westen's Social Cognitions and Object Relations Scale with a sample of eight male juvenile offenders incarcerated for violent crimes as De Novo and Eureka Youth Care Centres. These dimensions are complexity of object representations, affect tone of relationship paradigms, capacity for emotional investment in relationships and understanding of social causality.
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Steinhauer, Heike Joe. "A Representation Scheme for Description and Reconstruction of Object Configurations Based on Qualitative Relations." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, CASL - Cognitive Autonomous Systems Laboratory, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-12446.
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One reason Qualitative Spatial Reasoning (QSR) is becoming increasingly important to Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the need for a smooth ‘human-like’ communication between autonomous agents and people. The selected, yet general, task motivating the work presented here is the scenario of an object configuration that has to be described by an observer on the ground using only relational object positions. The description provided should enable a second agent to create a map-like picture of the described configuration in order to recognize the configuration on a representation from the survey perspective, for instance on a geographic map or in the landscape itself while observing it from an aerial vehicle. Either agent might be an autonomous system or a person. Therefore, the particular focus of this work lies on the necessity to develop description and reconstruction methods that are cognitively easy to apply for a person. This thesis presents the representation scheme QuaDRO (Qualitative Description and Reconstruction of Object configurations). Its main contributions are a specification and qualitative classification of information available from different local viewpoints into nine qualitative equivalence classes. This classification allows the preservation of information needed for reconstruction nto a global frame of reference. The reconstruction takes place in an underlying qualitative grid with adjustable granularity. A novel approach for representing objects of eight different orientations by two different frames of reference is used. A substantial contribution to alleviate the reconstruction process is that new objects can be inserted anywhere within the reconstruction without the need for backtracking or rereconstructing. In addition, an approach to reconstruct configurations from underspecified descriptions using conceptual neighbourhood-based reasoning and coarse object relations is presented.
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Gilhar, Lihie. "A comparative exploration of the internal object relations world of anorexic and bulimic patients." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08152008-132051.
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Steinhauer, H. Joe. "A representation scheme for description and reconstruction of object configurations based on qualitative relations /." Linköping : Department of Computer and Information Science, Linköpings universitet, 2008. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2008/tek1204s.pdf.
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Welch, Elizabeth Katherine. "The use of object relations theory in clinical social work practice : a case study." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14973.
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Includes bibliographical references.The purpose of this study was to explore the value of a particular theoretical framework in terms of several issues relating to clinical social work practice. The selected theoretical framework was that of Object Relations theory, specifically the works of Melanie Klein and Margaret Mahler. The method of inquiry was that of a single case study. The investigation centred around the theories' usefulness in clinical social work practice regarding: assessment, particularly in terms of the development of insight into and understanding of human psychological development, and guiding practice and informing intervention. The selected theoretical framework was also evaluated according to: its sufficiency, in and of itself, and the extent to which its utilization facilitates avoidance of stereotyping and pathologizing. The study was undertaken in a psychiatric unit, run according to the principles of a therapeutic milieu, in a local hospital. The subject of the study had been admitted to the unit after a parasuicide attempt. He manifested many of the affects and behaviours associated with Borderline Personality Disorder, and was a transsexual who had undergone reassignment surgery. Ongoing assessment and intervention were undertaken in the residential unit on an individual basis and in group activities. Reference to literature, the writings of Klein and Mahler in particular, was a crucial and essential aspect of the study. The selected theoretical framework was found to be of great value in terms of the development of insight into and understanding of human psychological development, which in turn aided the assessment process. Whilst neither Klein nor Mahler wrote extensively or specifically of intervention, a model compatible with their opinions was identified in the literature and effectively used for this purpose. The approach used, both from a theoretical and a practical standpoint, encouraged expression and maintenance of individual uniqueness. The study highlighted the importance of a sound theoretical knowledge base underpinning clinical practice, particularly when practitioners are challenged by difficult cases. In addition, the need for practitioners to assume responsibility for continued dynamic learning, and the significant role of supervision were apparent. Further avenues for study and research were also identified.
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Desiatnikov, Alexander. "Emotion regulation in adolescents : influences of social cognition and object relations : an ERP study." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1449453/.
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Aims: The use of emotion regulation strategies can reduce the intensity of negative experiences; event related potentials (ERP) specifically the late positive potential (LPP) is known to be sensitive to this reduction in adults. It is argued that individual differences play an important role in one‘s ability to regulate emotions. The current study aimed to explore neural correlates of emotion regulation in adolescents. The study aimed to replicate previous findings from studies on adult populations, to show that emotion regulation is associated with changes in the amplitude of the late positive potential (LPP) in adolescents. It also aimed to examine neural changes associated with emotion regulation as a function of age and explore age-related differences in the scalp localisation of emotion regulation in adolescents. The study also aimed to explore whether individual differences, specifically the quality of internal representations of relationships, can predict neural activity associated with emotion regulation. Method: Event related potentials (ERP) of 53 adolescents (12 to 17 years old) performing an emotion regulation task were recorded. The social cognition and object relations scale (SCORS; Westen, 1995) was utilised in a narrative interview to obtain data about the quality of mental representations of relationships. Results: The study confirmed that the use of emotion regulation modulated the LPP in adolescence early in the emotion generation process. A relationship between the changes in the LPP and the age of the participants has been established, indicating that emotion regulation became more effortless with age. The study found that the quality of mental representations of relationships was able to significantly predict LPP amplitude related to emotion regulation. Conclusions: The findings suggest that emotion regulation becomes more effortless with age, and that internal representations of relationships are closely implicated in the ability to regulate emotions.
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Thode, Rick D. (Rick Davis). "Object Representations of Sexually and Multiply Abused Females: A TAT Analysis." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278277/.
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Object representations of sexually abused girls were compared to those of a clinical control group with no history of maltreatment. In addition, girls subjected to sexual abuse by itself were compared with girls who were sexually abused in conjunction with physical abuse and/or neglect (i.e., multiply abused). TAT stories were analyzed using the Object Relations and Social Cognition Scale which assesses four dimensions of object relations. It was hypothesized that sexually abused children would manifest more general and highly pathognomic impairment than controls along four dimensions of object relations. It was also hypothesized that multiple abuse would be associated with more general and highly pathognomic impairment in object relations than sexual abuse by itself.
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Schwarz, Cristina. "A voz e o abismo : considerações sobre o silêncio e a pulsão invocante." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/53161.
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A presente pesquisa perseguiu as possibilidades abertas pela pergunta: o que é preciso tramitar do silêncio que permeia o som para recolher os efeitos da pulsão invocante? A pergunta que nos norteou tomou contornos a partir das inquietações que emergiram na condução de diferentes oficinas de música destinadas a sujeitos em grave sofrimento psíquico. Se as inquietações surgiram dessa experiência, o horizonte da investigação não se restringiu ao campo particular da clínica com a psicose. A pesquisa buscou interrogar as incidências dos elementos que perfazem o campo da música sobre a emergência do sujeito, tendo como referencial os aportes da psicanálise freudiana e lacaniana. A pergunta fundante desta pesquisa se vale de uma torção temporal, na qual é pela emergência de efeitos atuais que se sustenta a origem de uma operação anterior, que se extravia ao alcance ao fundar-se. Fez-se necessário justificar o modo de colocação da pergunta tecendo um percurso conceitual a respeito da temporalidade e da origem. O aporte de Freud protagonizou a elaboração de uma temporalidade a posteriori, tecida pela descontinuidade e pela torção. A abordagem de Lacan acerca do tempo lógico impôs radicalidade à valorização da antecipação. A ruptura operada pelo a posteriori nos levou a concebê-lo como uma temporalidade própria à emergência do sujeito sustentada na escansão. A origem foi posta em jogo na antecipação da significação do Outro num tempo de passividade anterior ao tempo do sujeito, e foi concebida como uma ficção do impossível que desdobra o vazio que marca a origem do sujeito. A posteriori, vimos que a escansão nos conduz para além de uma questão de método e retorna sobre o conteúdo mesmo da pergunta. Nesse sentido, propusemos considerar a articulação entre silêncio e pulsão invocante à luz de uma mesma operação de descontinuidade. Discorremos acerca da voz como um excedente real do Outro e consideramos o traço unário como uma escansão inaugural que funda um silêncio estruturante. Situamos a operatória que possibilita a fundação de uma zona de silêncio ou um ponto surdo, que permite ao sujeito esquecer o timbre originário da voz do Outro. A abertura dessa zona inaudita inaugura o circuito da pulsão invocante, a partir da qual o sujeito, depois de esquecer o chamado do Outro, poderá chamar. A música surge como resposta singular que um sujeito pode formular diante do impossível do encontro com a voz em sua dimensão de objeto a. A criação musical é endereçada ao Outro, mas também inclui um terceiro, o ouvinte, no retorno do circuito da invocação. Fechando o trabalho, recolhemos algumas cenas da experiência para dar um contorno singular ao percurso conceitual, remetendo-nos ao final, novamente, ao abismo do silêncio do Outro enquanto enigma que desliza na cultura.The present study has pursued the possibilities derived from the following question: what is there to be processed of the silence within sound in order to perceive effects of the invocatory drive? The question that guided us had its contours built by inquietudes that emerged throughout the conduction of different therapeutic music workshops aimed for subjects in severe psychic suffering. While the interrogations arose from this experience, the aim of the research wasn’t restricted to the clinic of psychosis’ particular field. The research intended to examine how the elements that constitute the musical field have incidence in the emergence of the subject, having in Freudian and Lacanian psychoanalysis its main theoretical reference. The initial question is based upon a time torsion, by which the appearance of current effects underlies the origin of a previous operation, which becomes lost by the time it’s founded. In order to justify such collocation, a conceptual path on temporality and origin is held. Freud’s contributions play a leading role in conceiving the temporality of the deferred action composed by discontinuity and torsion. Lacan’s approach to the logical time amplifies it by valuing the anticipation and leading us to assess the deferred action as the temporality of the subject’s emergence, supported by the scansion. Origin was placed in reference to the anticipation of the Other’s signification in a time of passiveness, previous to the subject’s constitution, conceived therefore as a fiction of the impossible that veils the subject’s original void. Henceforth it’s seen that the scansion leads us to the content of our question itself, from which it’s possible to consider the articulation between silence and invocatory drive in the light of its very operation of rupture. Discussion is held on the voice being a surplus of the Other’s Real and the unary trait as an original rupture founding a structural silence, defined as a zone of silence or a deaf spot – as an unheard zone that allows the subject to forget the Other’s original timbre. This unheard zone inaugurates the invocatory drive’s circuit, whereby the subject, after hearing the Other’s call, will be able to address a call. The music arises as a singular answer that the subject may set down towards the impossible encounter with the voice as object a. A musical creation is addressed to the Other but also includes a third party, the listener, in the invocatory circuit’s return. As closing, scenes of the experience are collected in order to provide singular contours to the conceptual path, regarding anew the abyss of the Other’s silence as an enigma that resides in culture.
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Olds, Victoria Sikes. "The relationships between object relations development, God image, spiritual maturity, and religious fundamentalism among Christians." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/86014.
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This study attempts to incorporate religious fundamentalism into an existing framework for understanding spiritual variables from an object relations perspective of development. Out of this theory have emerged two constructs-image of God and spiritual maturity-which are both spiritually and developmentally oriented. Based on theoretical considerations, it was hypothesized that religious fundamentalism would be connected to lower levels of object relations development and spiritual maturity, and more negative God images. Eighty-five Christians from 18-68 years old were therefore administered four inventories that measured these four constructs. Although mainly weak correlations for the overall sample were found, for students religious fundamentalism was linked to lower levels of object relations development, as hypothesized. Implications of this and other findings are explored.
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Michaelis, Stephen Henry. "A Model of Suicidal Behavior In Latency Age Children Based on Developmental Object Relations Theory." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2939.
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This thesis attempts to explicate the manifestation of suicidal behavior in latency age children based on developmental object relations theory. It asserts that the susceptibility to suicidal behavior becomes part of the child's developing ego organization during the first three years of life as the result of deviant or distorted emotional development. These disturbances interfere with the normal internalizing processes of the separation individuation phases, including the development of psychological mechanisms.
To accomplish the purpose of the study, the thesis generally classifies object relations theory within the parameters of developmental psychopathology and specifically classifies it as a component of contemporary psychodynamic theory. Then follows an exposition of the separation individuation process and attendant development of psychological mechanisms in normal and disturbed development. This section concludes by identifying the normally developing child around thirty-six months of age as possessing the capacity to unite disparate self and object images into a single, whole person for appropriate self comfort, self-image formation, and self-esteem regulation through having received primarily gratifying interactions with caregivers. The child with disturbed development lacks this capacity because of the internalization of primarily negative object-images through primarily negative interactions with caregivers. The child lacks trust in itself and in others, tends to perceive itself and others as all-good or all-bad, and experiences hostility and depression.
A definition of latency and a description of this developmental stage follows. Cognitive development marked by secondary thought processes and reliance upon dynamic psychological mechanisms--ego defenses--to sustain a behavioral and emotional equilibrium, rather than a diminution of drives, permit latency to become established. As part of the structure of latency, fantasy serves a defensive and adaptive function by providing an outlet for drive expression and for mastery of situations intrapsychically. Children with disturbances in ego organization have a less established structure of latency than do normal children, that is, they rely to a greater extent on psychological mechanisms characteristic of the separation-individuation phases.
A review of empirical and clinical research of suicidal children encompasses family environment; loss, depression, and hopelessness; cognitive functioning; and defense mechanisms. Suicidal children live in stressful, chaotic families with confused role relationships. Findings regarding the relationships among loss, depression, and hopelessness appear mixed although integrally related. Suicidal children conceive of impersonal death as final while construing personal death as reversible as a defensive maneuver. Suicidal fantasies constitute the precursors to suicidal planning and actions. Suicidal children show impaired ability to devise active coping strategies. They seem to rely excessively on ego defenses considered developmentally appropriate in early stages of development, such as introjection.
A synthesis of theoretical formulations and research findings sets forth the developmental sequence culminating in suicidal behavior. The model depicts a child's developing ego organization predisposed to depression, hostility, and low self-esteem caused by the internalization of a predominance of negative self- and object-images. It portrays susceptibility to suicidal behavior through the incapacity to exercise self-protection under stressful situations because of a reliance upon maladaptive ego defenses. Fantasies to relieve psychic pain as part of latency defenses transform into fantasies of suicide; these presage and allow for planning and, given the failure of ego defenses, suicidal behavior results.
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Curtin, Geraldine Mary. "Changes in object relations following time focused group psychotherapy with women who experienced childhood trauma." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486126.
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This study explored the changes in internal representations of object relations, interpersonal behaviours and psychiatric symptomatology before and after psychodynamic group psychotherapy with women who had a history of early childhood abuse. The design of this study was quasi -experimental. Seventeen participants in the treatment group and ten participants in the control group were investigated to evaluate the effects of therapy on (1) intrapsychic functioning; (2) interpersonal problems and (3) psychological symptomatology. Women with a history of childhood abuse were screened by clinical interview for suitability for the treatment progranime and participation in the research. One group participated in group psychotherapy based on psychodynamic principles including object-relations theory. The control group received no group intervention. Participants in both groups had been in individual therapy and were comparable demographically and in terms of . baseline performance on the dependent variables. Participants in both groups were assessed before the start of the therapy programme (Time 1) and one year later (Time 2). The specific objectives ofthe research were: 1) to measure intrapsychic,interpersonal and symptomatic changes using the PORT, Percept-genetic object-relations test (Nilsson & Svensson, 1999),Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-64 (IIP-64 ,Horowitz et al.,2000)and the Symptom Check List Revised(SCL-90-R, Derogatis,1994) . 2)' to compare and contrast treatment with matched controls on the measures used 3) to compare and contrast intrapsychic with interpersonal and symptomatic changes 4) to evaluate the effectiveness ofthe intervention. Participants who received group psychotherapy showed statistical and clinically significant changes on the Attachment theme of the PORT (Nilsson & Svensson, 1999) and this measure distinguished the treatment group from the control group more clearly than measures of interpersonal problems or psychological symptomatology The study supported the hypothesis that psychodynamic group psychotherapy leads to changes in personality structure as measured by the PORT that extends beyond shifts in manifest symptoms and behaviour as measured by the SCL-90-R and IIP-64.
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Burch, Alexandra Louise. "Character of self and object representations in relation to quality of marital and family relationships /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Cartwright, Duncan James. "Latent murderousness: an exploration of the nature and quality of object relations in rage-type murderers." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002455.
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In this dissertation I investigate the intrapsychic make-up of rage-type offenders and explore the psychodynamics of the act of murder itself The dissertation begins with a discussion on the defining features of the act of rage-type murder. I then consider the role of personality characteristics and psychopathology in individuals who have committed such offences. With the basic features of the offender and act itself outlined, the following section reviews key areas of debate regarding the psychodynamics of violence and the intrapsychic make-up of the rage-type murderer. I first explore the nature of aggression as debated in psychoanalysis and conclude that the views expressed are often unn,ecessarily polarized regarding the origins of aggression and suggest that the specifics of particular types of aggression require consideration in order to assess their intrapsychic nature. The specifics of rage and violence are discussed with this in mind. In the second chapter of this section I develop a number of intrapsychic dimensions to be used in understanding how different types of violence are constituted. Psychodynamic contributions towards understanding rage-type murder, as a specific form of violence, are then discussed. Following this review, a number of directive ~uestions are formulated regarding (1) the intrapsychic dimension of rage-type murder; (2) the pJ;esence of the borderline personality in such offender~ and its intrapsychic nature; and (3) the_ specific psychodynamics that lie behind what is argued to be a defensive act of murder. A multiple case study approach, using nine imprisoned rage-type offenders, is used to further explore the above issues. Court summary reports, the Thematic Apperception Test and the Psychoanalytic Research Interview comprised the research material, with particular emphasis placed on the interview material. The interview is approached from a psychoanalytic perspective and I develop some theoretical, technical and analytical guidelines to try to broaden Jhe use of psychoanalysis in the research domain. Findings of the research reveal a specific kind of defensive organization that is characterized by a constellation of object relations that I term the 'narcissistic exoskeleton'. I suggest that these findings best fit the description of a particular kind of borderline personality organization typified by apparent 'normality'. Other prominent aspects of the dimensions of violence observed in these cases include: (1) a poor representational capacity; (2) an interactional style characterized by uncontainable projective exchanges between victim and offender; (3) a collusive primary object relationship combined with the absence of an internalized 'third object'; (4) a 'two-faced' superego structure; (5) the internalization of traumatic experience that has become associated with a bad object system; (6) phantasies of restoring ideal good in external objects alongside conscious fantasies of annihilation. Within the context of these factors the intrapsychic events that lead to the act itself are discussed. It is found that a collapse of the 'narcissistic exoskeleton', the intrusion of the bad object system and the unbearable shame that this evokes in the offender are prominent features of what culminates in an act of explosive rage and projective identification. Some of the implications of my research are briefly discussed in the concluding chapter.
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Klein, Brandi A. "Do Cognitive Resources Play a Role in Object Functionality and Affordance Effects when Computing Spatial Relations?" Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1339505961.
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Joelsson, Anna-Emilia. "Relations between Environmentally Disturbing Establishments and three Invertebrate Indicator Species in the Baltic Sea." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-201207.
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In order to improve the knowledge about polluted areas in Sweden, Naturvårdsverket has compiled a list of all establishments and other anthropological activities, so called MIFOobjects, which emit harmful chemicals. Those activities which are placed on land might, depending on factors such as closeness to the sea, water solubility, degradability and toxicity of the chemicals have an impact on the biota in the Baltic Sea. In this study, spatial and statistical methods were used to explore potential relations between the abundance of three indicator organisms (Macoma balthica, Marenzelleria and Monoporeia affinis), closeness and a second variable built risk class of MIFO-objects and local environmental factors (e.g., sea depth, salinity) at the coast of Blekinge. The impact of MIFO-objects on the abundance of the indicator organisms was analyzed with both graphical and numerical multivariate analysis methods such as spearman analysis, principal component analysis and canonical component analysis. Four types of variables were created to enable the analysis. The first two variables were based one distance from emission locations to the study sites. The other pair of variables comprised on variable built on the cumulative risk assessment of the MIFO-objects given by Naturvårdsverket and another that was based on a classification of the emitted pollutants according to their chemical toxicity. The analysis showed that the abundance of Marenzelleria was positively correlated with MIFO-objects both in terms of risk assessment and chemical toxicity. This was probably a result of the fact that Marenzelleria is less sensitive to pollutants and therefore more competitive than other species in its habitat. Since the abundance of Macoma balthica covaried a lot with environmental factors such as salinity it was difficult to distinguish the impact of MIFO-object on the mussel. The statistical base of the abundance of Monoporeia affinis was too small to make any conclusions about what is describing the abundance.
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Joho, Dominik [Verfasser], and Wolfram [Akademischer Betreuer] Burgard. "Learning and utilizing spatial object relations for service robots = Erlernen und Verwendung von räumlichen Objektrelationen für Serviceroboter." Freiburg : Universität, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1114829307/34.
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Greenhalgh, Kenneth. "On reading narcissistic texts : an object relations theory view of the life and works of Soren Kierkegaard." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1057.
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This thesis is concerned with the psychoanalytical concept of narcissism, and the effect that texts written by narcissistic writers have upon their readers. I use Søren Kierkegaard as an example of a narcissistic writer who produced narcissistic texts. In order to follow through the logic of the thesis, it is necessary to explain first the Freudian idea of narcissism, and then narcissism as considered by one post-Freudian school called Object Relations theory. It is also necessary, second, to summarise a psychoanalytic model of what happens when we read any kind of text. The methodology of this thesis is usually called psychobiography, the systematic application of psychodynamic principles to the study of a life, and so, third, both the principles and some of the issues of this methodology are presented. Having established an operational definition of narcissism, the thesis looks first at Kierkegaard’s life, identifying a series of key events or stages that can be re-interpreted on the assumption that Kierkegaard was narcissistic. Three of his key texts are considered next - Fear and Trembling, Works of Love and The Sickness Unto Death. Each of these can be interpreted to show how his narcissism influenced his writing. Two substantial appendices are included. The first is a comment upon the relationship between God and psychoanalysis, presented primarily to introduce the ideas of Donald Winnicott. The second is on the concept of psychopathology, a difficult topic, since it is at once both heavily value laden, but is also persistent in any analysis of psychological difference. In conclusion I refer to several key Kierkegaardian themes, emphasising their narcissistic origins, and ask the reader to reflect upon their own responses to these issues, to consider how Kierkegaard’s narcissism influences their own emotions, and how these in turn affect any cognitive understanding of Søren Kierkegaard.
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Pryde, Nia A. "The adult consequences of childhood psychological maltreatment : a study of object relations, internalized shame, and defence style." Thesis, Bangor University, 2004. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-adult-consequences-of-childhood-psychological-maltreatment--a-study-of-object-relations-internalized-shame-and-defence-style(e9dcd0b1-748d-4c37-8c48-f1a1e2b529d2).html.
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SECTION 1 The Adult Consequences of Childhood Psychological Maltreatment: A Study of Object Relations, Internalized Shame, and Defense Style Childhood psychological maltreatment has recently emerged in the literature as a form of child abuse that has long-term mental health consequences affecting the child, adolescent, and adult. Psychological maltreatment is increasingly regarded as a core construct in all child maltreatment. Whereas its impact has been recognized in terms of its psychopathological sequelae, there is only limited understanding of the mechanisms by which psychological maltreatment in childhood comes to affect the adult. This study was undertaken with a view to elucidating the issue. A developmental and object relations paradigm was adopted, focusing on the impact of psychological maltreatment on object relations characteristics, the experience of internalized shame, and the use of cognitive defence mechanisms. The design compared a severe group of psychologically maltreated individuals with those who had experienced no maltreatment or less severe maltreatment with respect to their performance on measures of object relations, shame, self-esteem, and defence style. The severe group was distinguished by greater object relations deficits, higher internalized shame, lower self-esteem, and an immature defence style. Psychological maltreatment was also found to have a significant association with these phenomena. These results clearly point toward mediation hypotheses in future investigations. The implications of the study were discussed in terms of allocating a more central role to psychological maltreatment in all child maltreatment, and giving more attention in therapy to self and self-other phenomena. SECTION 2 ETHICS PROPOSAL An Investigation of Adult Cognitive, Affective, and Interpersonal Phenomena In Relation to Childhood Psychological Maltreatment Recent research indicates that abuse in childhood is associated with adult psychopathology. There is a growing consensus that the concept of psychological maltreatment, which comprises the cognitive, affective, and interpersonal aspects of child abuse, is a core issue in all child maltreatment. A research study is proposed with a view to investigating some of the cognitive, affective, and interpersonal phenomena that may be relevant to the development of adult sequelae in victims of childhood psychological maltreatment. The proposal comprises an introduction to the study, together with a discussion of the aims and plan of investigation. The appendices include information for participants and the questionnaire booklet. SECTION 3 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE Childhood Psychological Maltreatment and its Developmental Consequences The review of the literature focuses on the cognitive, affective, and interpersonal phenomena that have been linked with childhood maltreatment and adult psychopathology. The concept and definition of psychological maltreatment, its role as a core issue in child maltreatment, and issues in measurement are discussed. Studies of the ii consequences of childhood psychological maltreatment are reviewed, indicating its association with a wide range of problems and conditions. The development of the child is considered in light of the impact of psychological maltreatment on the emerging sense of self and self in relation to others. This is discussed with reference to object relations and the development of mental representations of early experiences with attachment figures; the occurrence of shame in the child-parent relationship and its internalization as part of the child's identity; and the role of cognitive defences in protecting the developing self and regulating painful affect. SECTION 4 RESEARCH STUDY The Adult Consequences of Childhood Psychological Maltreatment: An Investigation of Object Relations, Internalized Shame, and Defence Style The evidence is summarized with respect to the psychopathological consequences of psychological maltreatment, including its effects on the child's development in terms of object relations, internalization of shame, and the employment of defensive strategies. A research study is described in which these effects were investigated with adult participants. It was observed that severely maltreated participants demonstrated greater object relations deficits, a higher level of internalized shame, lower self-esteem, and an immature defence style in comparison with participants who had experienced no, or less severe, psychological maltreatment. It was also noted that psychological maltreatment had a significant relationship with these phenomena. The potential impact of psychological maltreatment on interpersonal functioning and sense of self-worth may be inferred from this study. The conceptualization of psychological maltreatment as a core construct in all child maltreatment was supported. SECTION 5 CRITICAL REVIEW Critical Review of the Large Scale Research Project The background to the research study is described and its foundation in clinical practice. A commentary is provided on the processes involved and issues arising in the progressive stages of the study: in particular, the theoretical conceptualization of the research, its operationalization in terms of methodology, and the evaluation of outcome. The results of participants who scored high on the objective measure of psychological maltreatment but who denied it as an experience are discussed. This study points the way to a mediation design in future research. It also underlines the significant role of child-rearing in the development of psychopathology. SECTION 6 The general appendices comprise notes for contributors to the journals selected for the literature review and research study, a letter of approval from the School of Psychology Research Ethics Committee, and the word count.
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Weber, Katherine Mary. "Are You a Good Witch or a Bad Witch? The Importance of Object Relations in Modern Assessment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1538686/.
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The Social Cognition and Object Relations Scale—Global (SCORS-G) is a relatively new scoring system for the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) that provides information about an individual's functioning in a variety of domains, including intrapsychic and interpersonal. Participants in this archival study had been administered a variety of measures as part of a routine clinical assessment, including the TAT, Rorschach, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2, and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. Selected TAT stories were rescored using current SCORS-G scoring criteria. This dissertation evaluated the factor structure of the SCORS-G in an outpatient sample with a principal component analysis (PCA), finding support for a two-component solution. The SCORS-G was then compared to well-established measures of personality functioning, social cognition, and object relations using correlational analyses, with mixed results. Lastly, support was found for using the SCORS-G as a tool for discriminating individuals with a history of violent or problematic relationships from those without such a history. Implications for card selection based on card pull and the impact of bland protocols were explored.
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Goldman, Gregory A. "Quality of Object Relations, Security of Attachment, and Interpersonal Style as Predictors of the Early Therapeutic Alliance." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1132069514.
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Wier, Stewart Scott. "Object relations middle group and attachment theory : gender development, spousal abuse and qualitative research on youth crime." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14759/.
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The basis to Freud's view that men and women are essentially separate entities with their own unique psychological construction and human potential which arises from their anatomical differences, will be challenged from the paradigm of object relations theory and related research from attachment theory. It will be argued that while a substantive understanding of gender development and the related issue of spousal abuse are influenced by such important factors as patriarchal domination, social oppression, socialized roles, and economic inequality between the sexes, these forces are considered to have a secondary psychological effect when compared with the formative influence of early object relations. The object relational paradigm to be outlined is that it is the distinctive emotional impact of the contents and attitudes that occur between the members of each family that establish the blueprints for subsequent feelings about oneself and others, from which particular relational patterns with others are pursued and acted upon within the larger social structure. Freud may be credited for his recognition and pioneering systematic investigation into the central importance of the unconscious in the development and functioning of human beings. Beyond this being a theoretical entity that is devoid of any scientific rigour which cannot be tested, proven, and therefore accepted as a legitimate therapeutic modality, information will be offered that suggests otherwise. Spousal relationships in which abuse constitutes a chronic pattern of interaction between the persons involved is understood to occur within contemporary North American society as a collusive arrangement between two emotionally impaired individuals. The argument will be made that they enter into an unconscious dialogue wherein each perpetrates and perpetuates the hopes and disappointments of their own and their partner's past intrapsychic relational experiences. Incarceration alone does not serve the emotional needs of young offenders, but instead, generally provides conditions which advance what is accepted, within this paper, to be a frequently disturbed psychic structure. The emphasis within the Canadian correctional system seems to emphasize incarceration over rehabilitation with the expectation that punishing those who break the law will result in an abstention from such acts in the future. The argument will be presented that in addition to ensuring public safety through imprisonment for some, there is mounting evidence which demonstrates the success of treatment programmes both within and outside of correctional institutions for those who break the law, and whose primary emphasis is on treatment and rehabilitation rather than detention and retribution. Contrary to therapeutic intervention being carried out as an adjunct to existing penal institutions, or that it be directed principally at the conscious acquisition of skills and information, it is proposed that such efforts are best administered within 2 comprehensive therapeutic environments. Further, it will be argued that rather than the previous and current emphasis which is directed primarily at a cognitive and behavioural level of the offender, it is the emotional foundation of the individual which has a direct influence on their long-term behaviour. Therefore, this aspect should constitute a fundamental component of the treatment program for the forensic patient for which psychoanalytic psychotherapy may play an important role.
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Cox, Randall J. (Randall Judd). "Violent and Nonviolent Juvenile Offenders : An Assessment of Differences in Object Relations Functioning Using the Thematic Apperception Test." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278881/.
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TAT stories and demographic information of 30 violent and 30 nonviolent juvenile delinquents were obtained. Institutional assessment records at Dallas County Juvenile Department (DCJD) served as the data base for this study. TAT stories and demographic information of 30 violent and 30 nonviolent juvenile delinquents were obtained. Institutional assessment records at Dallas County Juvenile Department (DCJD) served as the data base for this study. Differences with respect to object relations functioning between juveniles charged with two categories of index offenses: property offenses and aggravated assault were examined. Object relations were assessed utilizing a scoring system designed for use with the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT). The scoring system encompasses a psychoanalytic perspective and consists of four dimensions representing separate but interrelated aspects of object relations. It was hypothesized that juvenile delinquents who commit violent crimes would exhibit lower object relations functioning as compared to juvenile delinquents who commit nonviolent crimes.
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McIver, Victoria. "Psychoanalytic feminism: a systematic literature review of gender." AUT University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/905.
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Using a modified, systematic literature review I will examine issues of subjectivity, gender, and differnce in relation to psychoanalytic feminist theory. Psychoanalytic feminism evolved out of a reaction to classical psychoanalytic theory. In particular, the works of Chodorow (1978), Kristeva, (1977, 1989) and Benjamin (1988) were used. The literature revew will discuss the development of these theoretical perspectives and the understanding of subjectivity, gender and difference in psychoanalytic feminism and the implication this has for clinical practice.