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Journal articles on the topic 'Driving under influence of Alcohol'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Zīle, Jana. "ADMINISTRATIVE SANCTIONS FOR DRIVING UNDER THE ALCOHOL INFLUENCE." Administrative and Criminal Justice 1, no. 74 (June 30, 2016): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/acj.v1i74.2884.

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The relative indicators of road traffic safety in Latvia are still amongst the worst in the EU Member States, despite the fact that the road safety level improvement rate in Latvia is one of the best in the European Union. Despite the reduction of severity of road accidents, it is still higher than the best national figures of EU. The publication examines the sanctions for driving under the influence of alcohol or narcotic or other intoxicating substances and their impact on traffic safety in Latvia, court statistics is analysed. The authors also provide their proposals for improving the situation.

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2

Nakamura, Shinji. "Attitude toward driving under the influence of alcohol." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 75 (September 15, 2011): 3PM108. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.75.0_3pm108.

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Sordella, Raffaella, and Linda Van Aelst. "Driving Actin Dynamics under the Influence of Alcohol." Cell 127, no. 1 (October 2006): 37–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.017.

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4

DeJong, William, and Ralph Hingson. "STRATEGIES TO REDUCE DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL." Annual Review of Public Health 19, no. 1 (May 1998): 359–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.19.1.359.

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Smailović, Emir, Krsto Lipovac, Dalibor Pešić, and Boris Antić. "Factors associated with driving under the influence of alcohol." Traffic Injury Prevention 20, no. 4 (May 19, 2019): 343–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2019.1605168.

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6

Anum, Emmanuel A., Judy Silberg, and Sheldon M. Retchin. "Heritability of DUI Convictions: A Twin Study of Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol." Twin Research and Human Genetics 17, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2013.86.

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Background: The study was undertaken to assess the relative contributions of genetic and environmental influences on drunk-driving. Methods: Driving records of a cohort of male and female twins (N = 17,360) from the Mid-Atlantic Twin Registry were examined. Structural equation models were used to estimate the magnitude of genetic and environmental effects on male and female phenotypes, and test for gender differences. Results: There were significant gender and age effects. Compared with females, males were five times more likely to engage in driving under the influence. Among persons aged 21–49 years, the risk for drunk-driving was eight times that for those aged 50+ years and five times greater than those ≤20 years. In both males and females, aged 21–49 years, a large proportion (57%) of the variance in drunk-driving was due to genetic factors and the remaining 43% due to individual specific environmental influences. Conclusions: Drunk-driving is under significant genetic influence in both males and females. Our findings suggest that a different set of genes influence DUIs in men and women.

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Bergman, Hans, Beata Hubicka, and Hans Laurell. "Alcohol Problems and Blood Alcohol Concentration among Swedish Drivers Suspected of Driving under the Influence." Contemporary Drug Problems 32, no. 3 (September 2005): 387–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009145090503200304.

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The purpose of the study was to map alcohol problems in relation to blood alcohol concentration in a large representative sample of male and female Swedish drivers suspected of drunk driving. Twenty-one hundred suspected DUI offenders (drivers suspected of driving under the influence of alcohol) were assessed with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Information from the police regarding BAC, age, gender, and place and time of the stop was also collected. More than half (58%) of the suspected DUI offenders had alcohol problems, and among these 24% had high levels of alcohol problems. Of specific interest was the observation that almost half (46%) of the suspects with a BAC below the Swedish legal limit of 0.02% had alcohol problems, a prevalence that did not increase until a BAC of 0.10%–0.15%. It can be concluded that the mere suspicion of drunk driving indicates alcohol problems.

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8

Keatley, D. A., A. D. Barsky, and D. D. Clarke. "Driving under the influence of alcohol: a sequence analysis approach." Psychology, Crime & Law 23, no. 2 (September 19, 2016): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1068316x.2016.1228933.

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9

Beitel, G. A. "Probability of arrest while driving under the influence of alcohol." Injury Prevention 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2000): 158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ip.6.2.158.

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10

Jones, Alan Wayne, and Patrick Harding. "Driving under the influence with blood alcohol concentrations over 0.4g%." Forensic Science International 231, no. 1-3 (September 2013): 349–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.06.010.

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11

Römer, K. D., E. Zemp Stutz, T. Briellmann, and V. Dittmann. "FC26-02 - Impaired driving recidivism." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1960. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73663-x.

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IntroductionImpaired driving is a threat to road-safety. In order to target preventive measures, predictive factors of recidivism are needed.ObjectivesWe aimed to study relapse rates in subjects who were detected with impaired driving between 2000 and 2006 and followed up to the end of 2009.AimesWe aimed to analyse predictive factors of recidivism after impaired driving.MethodsFollow-up of 1787 Swiss residents (89% men, mean age 35), in whom impaired driving was detected by laboratory analysis regarding alcohol, drugs and medications between 2000 and 2006. Criminal records (2009) were used to collect recidivism data. Mean observation time was 4.13 (SD 1.7) years. Kaplan Meier methodology and Cox analyses were conducted to analyse predictors of relapse.ResultsWithin the observation period, 605 relapses were detected (33.9%). Men oftener relapsed than women, young oftener relapsed than elderly people. Most relapses were detected after driving under the influence of alcohol with BACs within prescriptive limits (48.5%). Based on Kaplan-Meier analyses the probability of recidivism was about 20% after two years less time driving licence was abstracted. According to Cox analyses, relapses were predicted by driving under the influence of drugs and by previous irregularities.ConclusionsThe present study underlines the importance of socialdemographic characteristics and previous irregularities for recidivism in road traffic. In terms of driving under the influence of alcohol it points out the difficulty of prescriptive limits for BACs and discloses a high risk for recidivism in terms of driving under the influence of alcohol and drugs.

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Sobngwi-Tambekou, Joëlle Laure, Thomas G. Brown, and Junaid Ahmad Bhatti. "Driving under the influence of alcohol in professional drivers in Cameroon." Traffic Injury Prevention 17, sup1 (September 2, 2016): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2016.1199867.

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13

Wyatt, Bronwyn, and Gabriela Novotna. "Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol and Drugs: A Scoping Review." Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions 21, no. 2 (March 2, 2021): 119–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1533256x.2021.1893952.

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Meesmann, Uta, Heike Martensen, and Emmanuelle Dupont. "Impact of alcohol checks and social norm on driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI)." Accident Analysis & Prevention 80 (July 2015): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2015.04.016.

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15

Powers, Edward L., and Janet K. Wilson. "Access Denied: The Relationship between Alcohol Prohibition and Driving under the Influence." Sociological Inquiry 74, no. 3 (August 2004): 318–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-682x.2004.00094.x.

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Lamers, C. T. J., and J. G. Ramaekers. "Visual search and urban driving under the influence of marijuana and alcohol." Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental 16, no. 5 (2001): 393–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hup.307.

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17

Randall, Teri. "Driving While Under Influence of Alcohol Remains Major Cause of Traffic Violence." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 268, no. 3 (July 15, 1992): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1992.03490030013005.

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18

Fink, David S., Malki Stohl, Aaron L. Sarvet, Magdalena Cerda, Katherine M. Keyes, and Deborah S. Hasin. "Medical marijuana laws and driving under the influence of marijuana and alcohol." Addiction 115, no. 10 (March 26, 2020): 1944–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/add.15031.

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19

Oh, Sehun, Michael G. Vaughn, Christopher P. Salas-Wright, Millan A. AbiNader, and Mariana Sanchez. "Driving under the influence of Alcohol: Findings from the NSDUH, 2002–2017." Addictive Behaviors 108 (September 2020): 106439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106439.

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20

Saylor, Keith E. "The High Way: Driving Under Influences Other Than Alcohol." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 267, no. 5 (February 5, 1992): 652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1992.03480050056014.

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Saylor, K. E. "The high way: driving under influences other than alcohol." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 267, no. 5 (February 5, 1992): 652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.267.5.652.

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22

Pešić, Dalibor, Boris Antić, Emir Smailović, and Nenad Marković. "Driving under the influence of alcohol and the effects of alcohol prohibition—Case study in Serbia." Traffic Injury Prevention 20, no. 5 (June 3, 2019): 467–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2019.1612058.

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23

Machura, Stefan, Sunita Matharu, Faye Mepham, Sarah Leanne Smith, and Jonathan Aston. "What Keeps Students from Driving under the Influence of Alcohol and Prescription Drugs? The Impact of Legitimacy of the Law, Prudent Behaviour and Perceived Dangerousness." Oñati Socio-legal Series 9, no. 6 (September 16, 2019): 1052–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1076.

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Driving under alcohol or while under the influence of a medication that impedes the ability to control a car are punishable offenses. The study asks if the perceived legitimacy of law, the perceived dangers of driving, including detection by the police, and the individual inclination to engage in risky and imprudent behaviour influence the likelihood of committing those offenses. At a British university, 337 students took part in a questionnaire study. The results show that students are less inclined to drive under alcohol than under medication. Both are variously influenced by practical circumstances like the frequency of driving, of drinking and the actual taking of such medication, even pressures to drive regardless. Driving under medication is also related to legitimacy of law. The difference may come from the absence of a public narrative for driving under medication: some students fall back to their attitude to the law. Conducir bajo los efectos del alcohol o de algún medicamento que obstaculice la capacidad de conducir un automóvil son delitos punibles. Este estudio se pregunta si la legitimidad percibida de la ley, los peligros percibidos de conducir (incluida la detección por parte de la policía) y la inclinación a mantener conductas arriesgadas e imprudentes influyen en la probabilidad de cometer dichos delitos. En una universidad británica, 337 estudiantes respondieron en un cuestionario. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes son menos propensos a conducir bajo los efectos del alcohol que de medicamentos. Ambos casos están influidos por circunstancias prácticas, como la frecuencia de la conducción, de beber y de tomar dicho medicamento, incluso presiones para conducir en cualquier caso. Conducir bajo los efectos de medicamentos está relacionado con la legitimidad de la ley. La diferencia puede radicar en la ausencia de una narrativa pública sobre conducir bajo los efectos de medicamentos: algunos estudiantes se amparan en su actitud hacia la ley.

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Chen, Huiqin, Guanjun Zhang, Renjie Chen, Lei Chen, and Xiexing Feng. "Comparison of driving performance during the blood alcohol concentration ascending period and descending period under alcohol influence in a driving simulator." International Journal of Vehicle Safety 9, no. 1 (2016): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvs.2016.077154.

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25

Kingsnorth, Rodney, and Michael Jungsten. "Driving Under the Influence: The Impact of Legislative Reform on Court Sentencing Practices." Crime & Delinquency 34, no. 1 (January 1988): 3–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128788034001001.

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In 1982, California introduced a number of revisions into its Vehicle Code sections dealing with the prosecution and sentencing of defendants charged with driving under the influence of alcohol. These revisions included redefining the relationship between blood alcohol concentration and criminal liability, constraints upon the plea-bargaining process, and an increase in the severity of penalties. An assessment is offered, based upon a random sample of 2,091 cases from one California county, of the impact of legislative reform on court sentencing practices. While the new law succeeded in eliminating “prior conviction” bargaining, the “reduction to reckless driving” form of bargaining, though initially substantially reduced, quickly rose again to prereform levels. Contrary to expectations, trial rates increased and rates of conviction at trial decreased. Problems of court congestion were exacerbated rather than relieved. The impact of increased penalties has been substantial for some offenders and for others negligible.

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Yushkevych, Olena. "Legislative lacunas in holding persons responsible for driving vehicles under the influence of alcohol." Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytetu Vnutrishnikh Sprav 3, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31733/2078-3566-2020-3-108-113.

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A general review of the legal framework for holding persons administratively responsible for driving vehicles under the influence of alcohol has been carried out. Lacunas in the current legislation on holding persons responsible for driving vehicles under the influence of alcohol have been identified. Thus, there is nowadays virtually no practice of drawing up re-ports on administrative offenses for transferring control of a vehicle to a person who is in a state of alcohol intoxication. The legislative alternative presupposing the police inspecting a vehicle on the scene using specialist equipment or medical staff examining the driver of that vehicle leads, in certain cases, to the closure of the administrative offense proceedings in the actual absence of the administrative offense case to answer. The relevant judicial practice has been analyzed. The distinctive features of the use by the police of specialist equipment, by means of which the drivers of vehicles are detected to have signs of alcohol intoxication, have been highlighted. Opposing views have been given on the issue of classifying certain equipment, currently used by the police officers, as specialist. Proposals regarding amendments to the respective regulations have been formulated. In particular, this is the establishment of the lower and upper limits of administrative penalties; taking disciplinary action against respective persons for failure to appear in court for hearing an administrative offense case, as well as conducting internal reviews in case the court recognizes the fact of unlawful drawing up of the report on an administrative offense; the expansion of the list of documents that must be carried by the driver of a motor vehicle, etc.

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BROWN, THOMAS G., CHRISTINA GIANOULAKIS, JACQUES TREMBLAY, LOUISE NADEAU, MAURICE DONGIER, N. M. K. NG YING KIN, PETER SERAGANIAN, and MARIE CLAUDE OUIMET. "SALIVARY CORTISOL: A PREDICTOR OF CONVICTIONS FOR DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL?" Alcohol and Alcoholism 40, no. 5 (May 24, 2005): 474–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agh165.

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Kasar, Muzaffer, Ezequiel Gleichgerrcht, Cahit Keskinkilic, Abdulkadir Tabo, and Facundo F. Manes. "Decision-Making in People Who Relapsed to Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol." Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 34, no. 12 (September 7, 2010): 2162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01313.x.

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Leporati, Marta, Raffaella A. Salvo, Valentina Pirro, and Alberto Salomone. "Driving under the influence of alcohol. A 5-year overview in Piedmont, Italy." Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine 34 (August 2015): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2015.05.017.

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Courchesne, Natasia S., Conner M. Muth, Melanie Barker, and Susan I. Woodruff. "Correlates of Breath Alcohol Concentration Among Driving Under the Influence Program Clients in Southern California." Journal of Drug Issues 49, no. 2 (December 6, 2018): 279–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022042618815688.

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Understanding factors correlated with breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) at time of arrest for driving under the influence (DUI) may lead to informed rehabilitation programs. This study describes correlations between BrAC at time of arrest and sociodemographic, mental, and physical health, and alcohol-related characteristics among clients in a large California DUI Program. Client reported data ( n = 17,282) were collected at an intake from 2009 to 2014. BrACs ranged from 0.083% to 0.390%, with an average of 0.159% ( SD = 0.051), almost twice the legal limit in the state. Approximately 10.6% of the variance in BrAC was explained by 11 significant correlates. Two sociodemographic factors (age and race/ethnicity) as well as several alcohol-related characteristics were related to higher BrAC levels, whereas comorbid mental and physical health factors played less of a role. Factors associated with BrAC are complex and warrant further investigation to identify causality and inform future interventions.

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Caetano, Raul, and Catherine L. Clark. "Hispanics, Blacks and Whites driving under the influence of alcohol: results from the 1995 National Alcohol Survey." Accident Analysis & Prevention 32, no. 1 (January 2000): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0001-4575(99)00049-4.

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Miller, Margaret, Dennis Orwat, Gelareh Rahimi, and Jacobo Mintzer. "A retrospective, population-based cohort study of driving under the influence, Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis, and survival." International Psychogeriatrics 31, no. 04 (October 10, 2018): 571–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610218001151.

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ABSTRACTIntroduction:The relationship between Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and alcohol addiction is poorly characterized. Arrests for driving under the influence (DUI) can serve as a proxy for alcohol addiction. Therefore, the potential association between DUI and AD could be helpful in understanding the relationship between alcohol abuse and AD.Materials and methods:A retrospective, population-based cohort study using state health and law enforcement data was performed. The study cross-referenced 141,281 South Carolina Alzheimer’s Disease Registry cases with state law enforcement data.Results:Of the 2,882 registry cases (1.4%) found to have a history of at least one DUI arrest, cases were predominantly White (58.7%) and male (77.4%). Results showed a correlation coefficient of 0.7 (p < 0.0001) between the age of first DUI arrest and the age of AD diagnosis. A dose-response relationship between the number of DUIs and age of AD onset was found to exist, where those with a history of DUI arrest were diagnosed an average of 9.1 years earlier, with a further 1.8 years earlier age at diagnosis in those with two or more arrests for DUI. A history of DUI arrest was also found to be negatively associated with survival after diagnosis, with a 10% decreased life expectancy in those with a DUI arrest history.Conclusions:Driving under the influence, a potential indicator of alcohol addiction, is associated with an earlier onset of AD registry diagnosis and shortened survival after diagnosis. This study contributes to the growing body of evidence suggesting that some cases of AD are alcohol related and, possibly, postponable or preventable.

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Liebenberg, Jade, Lorraine Du Toit-Prinsloo, Gert Saayman, and Vanessa Steenkamp. "Drugged driving in South Africa: An urgent need for review and reform." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 67 (May 15, 2019): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2019/v0n67a4951.

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Driving under the influence is a major threat to road safety in South Africa. Various psychoactive substances (both licit and illicit) have the potential to adversely affect driving performance and increase the probability of a road traffic accident. While it is common practice in South Africa to test drivers for alcohol levels, testing for additional impairing substances (including drugs of abuse) is rarely performed. In terms of current South African legislation, only driving under the influence of alcohol and a ‘drug having a “narcotic” effect’ is prohibited. This excludes several impairing psychoactive drugs which are not classified as narcotic substances. The aim of this article is to highlight issues and/or limitations surrounding drugged driving and to propose appropriate considerations for revision of the National Road Traffic Act. We also recommend revising existing legislation to include a comprehensive statutory definition and detailed provisions for drug testing to deter impaired driving.

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De Cesare, M., V. Jomini, R. Selz, P. Mangin, P. Vaucher, B. Favrat, and M. Augsburger. "PREVALENCE OF UNSOLVED DRINKING PROBLEMS FOR DUI DRIVERS REFERRED FOR MEDICAL EVALUATION IN SWITZERLAND." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 9 (September 30, 2015): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9.2015.2942.

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Estimate the proportion of heavy DUI offenders who do not initiate a treatment for their drinking problem before referring to an official medical expertise to recover their driver’s license. Evaluate the proportion of offenders with drinking problems who became abstinent during 6 months within two years after their offense and their characteristics.Between January 2010 and December 2012, data were collected from 1316 consecutive drivers who were referred to an expertise in a legal medicine Swiss institute to recover their driver’s license after driving under the influence of alcohol. 153 offenders were included in the analysis after excluding patients under the influence of other recreational drugs and patients unfit to drive for other medical reasons. Heavy DUI were defined as first time drunk driving offenders with blood alcohol concentration (BAC) ≥2.50 g/kg, or second-time drunk driving offenders within five years with BAC ≥1.60 g/kg in five years, or third-time drunk driving offenders within ten years with BAC ≥0.80 g/kg. 28 subjects of 153 (18%) were considered fit to drive. The rest of the drivers (125, 82%) were considered unfit to drive (drinking problem 77, dissociation alone 48). The majority of offenders (46,4 %) had driving under the influence of alcohol 2 times in the last five years with BAC ≥ 1.60 g/Kg, 65 (42.5%) had BAC ≥ 2.5 and the rest had 3 or more drunk driving offenses. The criteria used for medical and/or psychological assessment are appropriate.

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Chester, Caitlin, and Hester Roberts. "Improving the effectiveness of alcohol interlocks in New Zealand." Probation Journal 64, no. 3 (June 1, 2017): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0264550517711277.

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An alcohol interlock device is a breathalyser that is connected to the ignition of a car. To start the car, participants must provide an alcohol-free breath sample. During the trip, breath test updates will be requested, and details including distances and violations are recorded for monthly evaluation. The purpose of the device is to prevent individuals from driving under the influence of alcohol – a universal issue that impacts public safety. Alcohol interlock programmes have the potential to be effective while the device is fitted; however, success rates in reducing driving under the influence of alcohol are limited by factors such as low participation rates, and ineffectual long-term behavioural change. This article presents (1) a brief description of the research on alcohol interlock programmes, (2) barriers to low installation rates, (3) the impact interlocks have on daily life, and (4) showcase the approach that the Department of Corrections New Zealand is taking to maximise interlock effectiveness.

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Jannati, Syamza Madya, Agung Endro Nugroho, Probosuseno Probosuseno, and Susi Ari Kristina. "Driver’s Knowledge About the Use of Drug and Traffic Accident in Riau Indonesia." Global Journal of Health Science 10, no. 10 (September 12, 2018): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v10n10p113.

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Our study aimed to investigate the influence of socio-demographic, knowledge, attitude, toward the change in driving behavior. This research was conducted with cross-sectional study design, during the period of December 2016 until April 2017. The research instrument used was a questionnaire from Driving Under the Influence of Drugs, Alcohol, and Medicines (DRUID) project with modification. The descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis was used. Our research revealed that from 100 respondents, about 10% male was available to change to reported behavior in frequency driving than female. About 11% of respondents aged 35–67 years old decided to change in frequency driving. Approximately 14% of respondents with higher education level were changing in reported behavior of frequency driving. Reported behavior in frequency driving was influenced by information received from health care providers and attitude about the consequences of driving under the influence of impairing medicines factors (p-value 0.006 and 0.028). Changing reported behavior in frequency driving can be predicted by information received from health care providers and attitudes. In the future, we need to build effective communication and ensuring patients receive information about driving-impairing medicines.

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Posner, Samuel F., and Gerardo Marín. "Expectancies for Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol among Hispanics and Non-Hispanic Whites." Substance Use & Misuse 31, no. 4 (January 1996): 409–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826089609045818.

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Bonilla-Escobar, Francisco J., Martha L. Herrera-López, Delia Ortega-Lenis, Jhon J. Medina-Murillo, Andrés Fandiño-Losada, Ciro Jaramillo-Molina, Salome Naranjo-Lujan, Edda P. Izquierdo, Ward Vanlaar, and María I. Gutiérrez-Martínez. "Driving under the influence of alcohol in Cali, Colombia: prevalence and consumption patterns, 2013." International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion 23, no. 2 (January 7, 2015): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17457300.2014.966120.

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Schermer, Carol R., Theresa B. Moyers, William R. Miller, and Lori A. Bloomfield. "Trauma Center Brief Interventions for Alcohol Disorders Decrease Subsequent Driving Under the Influence Arrests." Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care 60, no. 1 (January 2006): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ta.0000199420.12322.5d.

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40

Osilla, Karen Chan, Magdalena Kulesza, and Jeanne Miranda. "Bringing Alcohol Treatment to Driving Under the Influence Programs: Perceptions from First-Time Offenders." Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly 35, no. 2 (March 20, 2017): 113–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07347324.2017.1288484.

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41

Brookhuis, K. "How to measure driving ability under the influence of alcohol and drugs, and why." Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental 13, S2 (November 1998): S64—S69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1077(1998110)13:2+3.0.co;2-n.

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42

Vankov, Daniel, and Ronald Schroeter. "Driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol: Predicting the intentions of young drivers." Traffic Injury Prevention 22, no. 2 (February 8, 2021): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2020.1869953.

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Redel-Macías, María D., David E. Leiva-Candia, José A. Soriano, José M. Herreros, Antonio J. Cubero-Atienza, and Sara Pinzi. "Influence of Short Carbon-Chain Alcohol (Ethanol and 1-Propanol)/Diesel Fuel Blends over Diesel Engine Emissions." Energies 14, no. 5 (February 27, 2021): 1309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14051309.

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Oxygenated fuels, in this case short carbon-chain alcohols, have been investigated as alternative fuels to power compression ignition engines. A major advantage of short-chain alcohols is that they can be produced from renewable resources, i.e., cultivated commodities or biomass-based biorefineries. However, before entering the market, the effects of short-chain alcohols on engine performance, exhaust emissions, noise and sound quality need to be understood. This work sheds light on the relationship between the physicochemical properties of the alcohol/diesel fuel blends (ethanol and 1-propanol) on engine performance, exhaust emissions and, for the first time, on noise and sound quality. It has been demonstrated that when the content of alcohol in blends increased, soot and soluble organic material emissions drastically decreased, mainly due to the increase of oxygen content in the fuel. Reduction in soot emissions combined with higher thermodynamic efficiency of alcohol fuels, with respect to diesel fuel, enable their utilization on compression ignition engines. There is also an improvement in the soot-NOx trade off, leading to large reductions on soot with a small effect on NOx emissions. The oxygen content within the fuel reduces CO and THC emissions at extra-urban driving operation conditions. However, hydrocarbons and CO emissions increased at urban driving conditions, due to the high heat of vaporization of the alcohol fuels which reduces cylinder temperature worsening fuel atomization, vaporization and mixing with air being more significant at lower cylinder temperature conditions (low engine loads and speeds). Similarly, the higher the presence of alcohol in the blend, the higher the noise emitted by the engine due to their low tendency to auto-ignition. The optimization of alcohol quantity and the calibration of engine control parameters (e.g., injection settings) which is out of the scope of this work, will be required to overcome noise emission penalty. Furthermore, under similar alcohol content in the blend (10% v/v), the use of propanol is preferred over ethanol, as it exhibits lower exhaust emissions and better sound quality than ethanol.

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Scherer, Michael, Thomas H. Nochajski, Eduardo Romano, Amy R. Manning, Ann Romosz, Scott Tippetts, Eileen Taylor, Robert Voas, and Roddia Paul. "Typologies of Drivers Convicted of Driving under the Influence of Alcohol as Predictors of Alcohol Ignition Interlock Performance." Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly 39, no. 1 (October 25, 2020): 96–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07347324.2020.1830734.

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Zhao, Xiaohua, Xingjian Zhang, and Jian Rong. "Study of the Effects of Alcohol on Drivers and Driving Performance on Straight Road." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/607652.

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Drinking driving is responsible for a high proportion of traffic accidents. To study the effects of alcohol on drivers and driving performance, 25 drivers’ subjective feelings and driving performance data in different blood-alcohol concentration (BAC) levels were collected with simulated driving experiment. The investigation results revealed that alcohol affected drivers in many aspects, including attitude, judgment, vigilance, perception, reaction, and controlling. The analysis of accident rate showed that higher BAC level would lead to higher accident rate. The statistical analysis results of driving performance indicated that average speed, speed standard deviation, and lane position standard deviation were significantly higher under the influence of alcohol. They also had a statistically significant linear trend as the function of BAC level. The discrimination of drinking driving based on driving performance was performed with Fisher discrimination method. The results showed that drinking driving with higher BAC level was easier to discriminate from normal driving. Also, the results indicated that the three significant indicators on straight roadway could be used in the discrimination of drinking driving state. The conclusions can provide references for the study of drinking driving and the identification of driving state and then contribute to traffic safety.

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Kendler, Kenneth S., Laura M. Karkowski, Carol A. Prescott, Michael C. Neale, and Nancy L. Pedersen. "Multivariate genetic analysis of the causes of temperance board registrations." British Journal of Psychiatry 172, no. 3 (March 1998): 268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.172.3.268.

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BackgroundThe Temperance Boards in Sweden registered individuals for three reasons: public drunkenness, driving under the influence of alcohol and committing a crime in connection with alcohol. We wanted to ascertain whether these three forms of alcohol-related problems result from similar or different genetic and environmental risk factors.MethodWe conducted a trivariate twin analysis of these three causes of registration in all male-female twin pairs of known zygosity born in Sweden, 1926–1949 (n=5177 twin pairs).ResultsPrevalences of registration for public drunkenness, drink-driving and alcohol-related crime were, respectively, 9.0, 3.6 and 4.0%. The best-fitting model had one general genetic and one general familial – environmental factor with specific genetic risk factors for drink-driving and specific familial – environmental risk factors for alcohol-related crime.ConclusionsThe three causes for alcohol registration in Sweden largely reflect the same genetic and environmental risk factors. Estimated heritabilities were similar for the three forms of registration. However, specific genetic risk factors exist for drink-driving and specific familial – environmental risk factors for alcohol-related crime. Genetic factors are somewhat less important and familial –environmental factors more important for public drunkenness than for drink-driving and alcohol related crime.

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Zhang, Yuhuan, Huapu Lu, and Wencong Qu. "Geographical Detection of Traffic Accidents Spatial Stratified Heterogeneity and Influence Factors." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 2 (January 16, 2020): 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020572.

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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the existence of stratification heterogeneity in traffic accidents in Shenzhen, what factors influence the casualties, and the interaction of those factors. Geographical detection methods are used for the analysis of traffic accidents in Shenzhen. Results show that spatial stratification heterogeneity does exist, and the influencing factors of fatalities and injuries are different. The traffic accident causes and types of primary responsible party have a strong impact on fatalities and injuries, followed by zones and time interval. However, road factors, lighting, topography, etc., only have a certain impact on fatalities. Drunk driving, speeding over 50%, and overloading are more likely to cause more casualties than other illegal behaviors. Speeding over 50% and speeding below 50% have significant different influences on fatalities, while the influences on injuries are not obvious, and so do drunk driving (Blood Alcohol Concentration ≥ 0.08) and driving under the influence of alcohol (0.08 > Blood Alcohol Concentration ≥ 0.02). Both pedestrians and cyclists violating the traffic law are vulnerable to fatality. Heavy truck overloading is more likely to cause major traffic accidents than minibuses. More importantly, there are nonlinear enhanced interactions between the influencing factors, the combination of previous non-significant factors and other factors can have a significant impact on the traffic accident casualties. The findings could be helpful for making differentiated prevention and control measures for traffic accidents in Shenzhen and the method selection of subsequent research.

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Pechansky, Flavio, Raquel De Boni, Lísia Von Diemen, Daniela Bumaguin, Ilana Pinsky, Marcos Zaleski, Raul Caetano, and Ronaldo Laranjeira. "Highly reported prevalence of drinking and driving in Brazil: data from the first representative household study." Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria 31, no. 2 (June 2009): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-44462009000200008.

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OBJECTIVE: Brazil lacks information about driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) originated from representative samples obtained from the general population. METHOD: 333 subjects with a valid driver's license and drinking in the last 12 months were drawn from a multistaged sample of 2,346 adults from the first Brazilian Household Survey of Patterns of Alcohol Use. A multivariate analysis was conducted to understand the associations between risk factors and driving after drinking three or more drinks. RESULTS: the overall DUI prevalence reported in the sample was 34.7% - 42.5% among males and 9.2% among females. Being male (OR = 6.0, 95% CI 2.9-12.6), having a previous DUI accident (OR = 7.9, 95% CI 2.5-24.9), binging in the last year (OR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.03-4.5) and having an unfavorable opinion towards policies (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.4-6.2) remained associated with heavy drinking and driving after model adjustments. DISCUSSION: This was the first study evaluating driving under the influence of alcohol in a representative sample of the Brazilian population. The prevalence of DUI found is alarming, and possibly underestimated in the sample. Results demonstrate the need for more studies on this association and show directions towards preventive strategies for the specific high-risk group of male drivers with previous problems with alcohol and unfavorable opinions about prevention policies.

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Ranney, Thomas A., and Valerie J. Gawron. "Task Demand and Alcohol Effects on Simulated Driving Performance." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 30, no. 3 (September 1986): 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128603000315.

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The effects of alcohol-impaired driving were hypothesized to vary depending upon the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of the driver and the external demands of the driving situation. To examine the effects of task demand on the performance of drivers under sober and alcohol-dosed conditions, a driving simulation experiment was conducted. Twelve subjects drove a simulator under three levels of BAC and two levels of task demand. The task required negotiation of curves, responses to selected traffic signs and avoidance of unexpected obstacles. Alcohol effects were evident in overall driving performance, in the responses to curves, and in the number of obstacles struck. Increasing the demands of the driving task had no effect on performance in curve approach and negotiation, and influenced only one general measure of driving performance. With the exception of reaction time to signs, increased task demand did not change the effects of alcohol. In the high demand/high alcohol condition, subjects were able to compensate for the increased number of obstacles struck by more efficient responding to signs.

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George, Michael D., Ashley Bodiford, Caroline Humphries, Kristy A. Stoneburner, and Harold D. Holder. "Media and Education Effect on Impaired Driving Associated With Alcohol Service." Journal of Drug Education 48, no. 3-4 (December 2018): 86–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047237919859658.

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This study tested a three-component community prevention intervention with alcohol businesses to reduce alcohol overservice and to reduce drinking and driving crashes using a longitudinal design. The intervention involved a responsible beverage serving practices toolkit, a series of on-site visits from law enforcement, and a supporting media campaign. The effort achieved a reduction in the monthly percentage of drivers arrested for driving under the influence who cited the alcohol-licensed establishments as the place of last drink, and the number of establishments mentioned 2+ times as well as a decline in alcohol-involved crashes in the 12-month postintervention period. Results supported a conclusion that the intensive intervention media can achieve a reduction in the frequency with which drinking drivers utilized bars and restaurants and overall impaired driving-related crashes.

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