Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Droit international privé – Lois de police'
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Nord, Nicolas. "Ordre public et lois de police en droit international privé." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR30001.
Full textMandatory rules and Public policy are opposed in private international law, by the mains trench authors. The first intervenes before the conflict of laws rule to permit application of norms of particular importance, the second after, to exclude a foreign rule which contradicts the forum fundamental principles. Never the less, this approach is questionable. Some links exist between them. Another presentation can be proposed and is sometimes effective in other countries. Both mechanisms can complete each other and are not opposed. By the way, they can contribute to a real conflictual dynamism. It is possible to deduce from their intervention an inadequation from the principle rule and to create a new one more satisfying and this for every method. Further more, this situation is useful for the foreign notions. Foreign public policy can take more importance, just as foreign mandatory rules. This must be so in particular when a foreign conflict law or special methods are used
Papeil, Anne-Sophie. "Les conflits de lois de police." Rouen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ROUED003.
Full textThe rules of conflicts determine which law to apply when diversity exists between the applicable law of that court's state [the forum state] and the applicable law of another jurisdiction interrested in the controversy. In some cases, the law designated bu the conflicts of law provision will be excluded by the application of an overriding mandatory rule. This special category of mandatory rules may not be redogated from, even if another law of another country is chosen. In some exceptional cases, two or more overriding mandatory rules might create what we call a conflict of mandatory rule. The purpose of my research intends to prove that conflicts between two overriding mandatory rules are possible, especially in the field of arbitration and european law, and to provide possible solutions to this particular kind of conflict. Conflicts of laws are traditionnally solved through a special method that is nowadays influenced by European law, at least for the intra-European cases. Moreover, many of the contentious areas in the theory and practice of arbitration relate to the inevitable tensions between party autonomy and state legal controls. These kinds of tensions can raise a conflict of overriding mandatory rules. What kind of solution could we find to solve a conflict of overriding mandatory rules ? It is not possible to consider a classic rule of conflict of law ; rather a more flexible rule has to be chosen. The solution will be a combination of different theory as the proper lax, the better lax, and the balancing interest test
Latil, Cédric. "Intérêt public et lois de police en droit international privé." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1077.
Full textOverriding mandatory provisions is traditionally defined as a provisions the respect for which is regarded as necessary by a country for safeguarding its political, social or economic organisation. Hence, the Courts apply the law of the forum automatically and do not apply their own conflit of rules. Definition is not precise enough to be used accurately. Therefore we propose to define concept of Overriding mandatory provisions focuses on the « Public Interest », which is derived from article 9, paragraph 1 of the regulation on the law applicable to the contractual obligations. In the following lines, we wonder about the mandatory implantation of these rules at the intrenational level. Our aim is to measure the impact of Public Interest in the conflict of laws and in the conflict of jurisdictions
Moreau, Emmanuelle. "Lois de police et contrat international de travail." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100094.
Full textTo resolve the problems pertaining to the determination of the law applicable to employment contracts, the notion of "Lois de police" appears to be the key-notion. It is a unilateralistic approach, which takes into amount the interests for the state of the place of performance, and protects efficiently the weaker party to the contract. In spite of its unilateralist nature, the method is susceptible of "bilateralisation". It is also to be combined with the concept of "autolimitation", especially with reference to collective conventions and strikes
Benmbarek-Lesaffre, Kenza. "Les règles matérielles de droit international privé." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020065.
Full textThe material rules of private international law are classically defined as rules that provide substantive answers to a question of private international law. They are distinguished from the traditional conflict of laws rule which is neutral, abstract, bilateral and limited, in its initial form, to the designation of the applicable legal order. This definition shows its limits as the methods of private international law have evolved. Boundaries between the different methods became more unclear, leading to uncertainty as to the legal regime of the material rules. We have tried, through the study of material rules of private international law, to propose a definition that takes into account their specificity but also their variety while distinguishing them from neighboring methods and, in particular, police laws. This definition has led us to a classification of material rules and to the conclusion that their legal regime should depend of the particular subcategory they belong to
Chilstein, David. "Droit pénal international et lois de police : essai sur l'application dans l'espace du droit pénal accessoire." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA01A002.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to query the validity of the present criteria used in international criminal law. This means in particular investigating whether the criteria are suited to the rules of subsidiary criminal law which covers all the criminal provisions penalising breaches of legal rules of another kind (civil, administrative, commercial) or falling materially within the framework of a particular set of regulations. It seems that the criteria of international criminal law were designed in view of the breaches of traditional criminal law and that they do not fit in well with the sophistication of such subsidiary rules whose content is not taken into account in the determination of their spatial field of application. Thus, we propose to make good this situation by using a method borrowed from private international law : the immediate application method. This in fact consists of determining the spatial field of application of the laws according to their end purpose. With this aim in view, it is necessary to spell out the sense of the different criminal regulations in order to discover the criteria which allow their spatial field of application to be adequately determined. Ln this respect, it would certainly be useful to make a distinction depending on whether the rule is intended to protect the public interest (directive rule) or the private interest (protective rule)
Rémy, Benjamin. "Exception d'ordre public et mécanisme des lois de police en droit international privé." Paris 1, 2006. http://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://www.dalloz-bibliotheque.fr/pvurl.php?r=http%3A%2F%2Fdallozbndpro-pvgpsla.dalloz-bibliotheque.fr%2Ffr%2Fpvpage2.asp%3Fpuc%3D5442%26nu%3D8.
Full textZhao, Yi. "La loi de police en droit international privé français et chinois." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ASSA0001.
Full textThe overriding mandatory provisions in Chinese private international law is imported and its legislative definition is incorporated by the European one. Although the French definition of overriding mandatory provisions and the Chinese definition are not textually identical, it seems to us that the notion of overriding mandatory provisions does not change depending on whether it is French law or Chinese law. However, having been provided for by Chinese positive law only since 2011, the overriding mandatory provisions mechanism is relatively young, not only with regard to this mechanism itself but also to its relations with other mechanisms of private international law having links with it, such as the international public policy exception. We will seek French experiences in this area and study the French and Chinese notion of overriding mandatory provisions, other mechanisms of private international law in connection with them and their illustrations in case law. Despite the criticisms, the immediate and mandatory application is always the most important character of the overriding mandatory provisions of the forum in the direct instance, but this is not the case for foreign overriding mandatory provisions or for the indirect instance. According to French and Chinese case law, the non-respect by the foreign judge or by an arbitral tribunal of the overriding mandatory provisions of the requested state does not automatically result in the refusal of recognition or enforcement. Regarding the foreign overriding mandatory provisions, the Chinese legislative text is silent, but this does not mean that their application or take into consideration is prohibited in Chinese law
Ricard, Antoine. "Lois de police et activités bancaires internationales : contribution à l’étude des lois de police à propos des activités bancaires et d’investissement." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EVRY0031.
Full textThe study of the overriding mandatory provisions in respect of banking and investment activities allows first of all to see whether the mandatory provisions belong to the set of rules of private law, not criminal legislation but still immediately applicable, imperative and necessary in order to protect certain imperious interests. They must be distinguished from the rules of the necessary application, the rules of criminal law and of public law. Their relations with different notions of public order are equally covered by the present study. Thus, a work of systematic identification of the overriding mandatory provisions may be managed by the means of transposing the so-called pattern of clues borrowed from public law to private international law. The overriding mandatory provisions must also be situated amongst the methods of international private law concerning the determination of the applicable law. It follows from these methods that the overriding mandatory banking provisions of the for rule over an ordinary conflict of law, but vice versa, a special conflict of law rules over mandatory provisions. Thus, it is suggested in the present study to extend the protection of an international consumer to a banking user deprived of consumer status by enacting a new special conflict rule relevant to the latter category. The investment activities create a set of private professional transnational rules, called lex argentarii. Their applicability is fragile because of the absence of choice by the parties of the law applicable to a certain operation. An automatic recognition by a judge of a rule relevant to material private international law, which would be the lex argentarii, would be, within certain limits, a substantial remedy to the issue. Nevertheless, presently it is the overriding mandatory provisions that rule over the lex argentarii
Dalmazir, Pauline. "Les lois de police protectrices dans les contrats internationaux." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30087.
Full textThese past few years, the advent of new mandatory provisions to protect certain weaker parties within the realm of international contracts have been identified as protective mandatory provisions. As a renewal of the traditional mandatory provisions mechanism, it raises several questions with regards to its merits. This requires to consider protective mandatory provisions as a concept in itself, as well as an object integrated in a more global legal environment. These new mandatory provisions have appeared as an answer to a need for protection on the international level. However, the philosophy of mandatory provisions can be considered to be incompatible with the objective of the protecting the weaker party. Therefore, it is necessary to change certain characteristics of the mechanism in order for it to effectively attain its protection objective. It would then, however, amount to a deformation of the initial concept of mandatory provisions. Finally, considered within their environment, i.e. European contract law, protective mandatory provisions can be limited by EU-specific law concepts. They can also be surpassed by other tools, of European inspiration, putting into effect another link between the imperative character of the norm and the protection requirement of the weaker party
Oprea, Elena-Alina. "Droit de l'Union européenne et lois de police." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020028.
Full textThe interaction between the European Union law and the private international law is particularly acute in the field of internationally mandatory rules, maintaining and renewing the debate which always accompanied this kind of norms. If the internationally mandatory rules occupy a special place in the European legislation, being an extremely effective tool of European policy, some difficulties arise as to the articulation, in the Member States’ legal systems, of the both national and European different sources of lois de police. The transfer of powers from Member States to the European Union, the harmonization of national legislations and the greater weight given to European reasoning and interests at the time of qualification highlight a new dimension of the internationally mandatory rules concept. Also the implementation of internationally mandatory rules is highly influenced by the European Union Law. The Member States’ obligations concerning the completing of the internal market and the removal of restrictions to changes involve a significant disturbance to this traditional PIL mechanism; a decrease in the effectiveness of internationally mandatory rules in relations between Member States may be observed. The purpose of establishing an area of freedom, security and justice within the European Union was materialized in the establishment of European private international law rules in various fields; the internationally mandatory rules method is transformed as a result of the European legislator direct intervention on his definition and regime, but also as a result of the evolution that affects other concurring private international law methods
Buruianã, Monica-Elena. "L'application de la loi étrangère en droit international privé." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0067/document.
Full textThe national or the European private international law is taking into a particular accountthe foreign legal systems. The foreign law application is an expression of the attention given to the foreignlegal systems, but applying a law that belongs to a different legal system than the legal system of the forumcountry may provoke a defence reaction caused by the existing differences between the legal systemsinvolved. The foreign law application is therefore confronted to different obstacles that tend to ensure aprimary application of the lex fori. First, the techniques used by the legal system of the forum country toapply the foreign law are not entirely favourable to this kind of application, as evidenced by the recurrentintervention of the international public policy. Furthermore, there are elements that are exogenous to thelegal system of the forum country, such as different understandings of the same legal institution that canobstruct the foreign law application. There is thus a gap between the theory of the private internationalrules, which would appeal a frequent application of the foreign law, and the use that is made of them by theauthorities of the forum country, which often leads to the neutralization of the foreign law. This studydefends a better compliance to the theory of private international law, which would promote the applicationof the foreign law. In this perspective, the private international law of the European Union provides animportant source of « savoir-faire » as it promotes the application of a foreign law belonging to anotherMember States
Zamzam, Abdel Moneem. "Les lois de police dans la jurisprudence étatique et arbitrale : étude comparée franco-égyptienne." Dijon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DIJOD002.
Full textIn the last few years, there has been an important change in private international law concerning mandatory rules. These rules raise a number of problems, which are very difficult to solve. As far as theory, legislation and doctrine are concerned, it is necessary to look into the problem of the identification of mandatory rules and of their enforcement. A comparative study of French, Egyptian and Muslim law can help us have a better understanding of mandatory rules and define their position in relation to the mechanisms of private international law. Are they used to demolish private international law or are they used, on the contrary, to safeguard the system of the conflicts rule?These questions must also be studied in relation to national case law. It seems to be all the more interesting to compare the position of the doctrine with that of case law in Egypt and in France (especially as regards the mandatory rules of a foreign State) as it is impossible to believe totally in its enforcement. Finally, according to arbitrators, the arbitrability of the dispute does not necessarily depend, contrary to what some authors have noticed, on the existence of a mandatory rule, but it rests on the notion of "libre disposition" laid out in article 2059 of the French Civil Code, whereas article 2060 of the selfsame Code seems to establish a useless requirement. Yet, the nature of the solutions relating to this field is obvious in French, Egyptian and Muslim law, even if Muslim law attributes to arbitration a wider domain than substantive law. Besides, the international arbitrator, in law or as an "amiable compositeur", selects, like the judge, the mandatory rules according to the following principle: Mandatory rules are applicable on the territory of the State on which facts are localized
Meur, Héloïse. "Les accords de distribution en droit international privé." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D085.
Full textIn private international law, the treatment of distribution contracts is both scattered and inconsistent. The distinction between contractual and non-contractual matters has led to assess separately the contractual and the economic aspects (related to competition law lato sensu) of this kind of agreements, although these aspects are inseparable. ln addition to this distinction, further difficulties specific to each of these aspects arise. From a contractual standpoint, the distinction between the framework agreement and its implementation contracts lead to a scattered treatment of distribution agreements. From an economic standpoint, some difficulties arise concerning the identification of the relevant method and the applicable rule of conflict as well as their implementation. Therefore, the regime applicable to distribution agreements is scattered and inconsistent. Such difficulties and inconsistencies can only be remedied thanks to clarified definitions of the notions of contractual matter and distribution agreements in European private international law. These clarified notions will then be the starting point to suggest rethought rules of conflict, compliant with the essence and specificities of distribution agreements, distinct from the classic « exchange-type » contracts. A suitable connecting criterion will then need to be associated to this redefined category. Given the omnipresence of international mandatory rules, such criterion will need to be objective and replace the principle of party autonomy which turns out to be mostly ineffective regarding distribution agreements
Claret, Hélène. "Contrats d'assurance et conflits de lois en droit communautaire." Grenoble 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE21048.
Full textThis thesis deals with conflicts of laws generated by creation of the internal market in insurance in E. E. C. . First part is about problems of dertermination of applicable law for contracts holded in freedommof services. Chapter one deals with conflicts of laws such as resolved by European directives (second and third insurances directives). It appears that this conflicts of laws rules are opened to criticism. They are not ables to create a true internal market in insurance because they oblige insurance compagnies to adjust thiere polices to each national market when "mass risks" are concerned. Then they are at variance with this aim of freedom on services. Moreover, they don't allow insurers to adopt uniformised manadgment of risks on e. C. Territory. Solution of this question appears to lie in an application or rome convention on law applicable to contractual obligations (with adjustments) to insurance contracts, included the ones wich are concluded in freedom of services (chapter two). Whatever solution is choosed, designed law scope is restricted by intervening of otherlaws. This point is approached in second part of the thesis. Chapter one deals with effects of applicable law. Ch. 2 about ordre public and mand datory rules
Adel, Zaher Mina. "L'ordre public dans les relations privées internationales : l'exemple des contrats internationaux devant le juge étatique." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE3057.
Full textThe freedom of choice is a principle referring to the freedom of the parties concerning the choice of the law ruling the international contract. However, this principle is limited by public policy, which reduce the extent of this freedom. In order to improve the application of these rules with a minimum of predictability, it is important to study in detail the origin and nature of the rules of public policy. A comparative study with Egyptian private international law is needed to take advantage from all current mechanisms. The current conceptual debate highlights the role of international cooperation, in addition to purely State interests, which will tend to create a new transnational, or even supranational, public policy
Zernikow, Marcel. "Les règles de conflit de lois confrontées au marché intérieur : étude en droit international privé européen du travail." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D045.
Full textMobility of workers within the internal market of the European Union is growing constantly, whereas European integration in social matters remains incomplete. The absence of an exhaustively harmonised European Social Law is not only related to the minimum character of harmonisation but also to the lack of an overall competence in social matters. Due to diversity between labour legislations of the Member States, conflict of laws needs to be mobilized in order to guarantee effective freedom of movement. More precisely, Private International Law has the function of promoting the worker protection principle enshrined in free movement law. Our purpose is to analyse possible impacts of the law of the internal market on Conflict of Laws. The subject of the present study is on European Conflict of Laws. Inspired by national conflict of law mechanisms, European conflict of law rules should nowadays fit into the context of European Union Law and therefore adopt its principles. Among those, the worker protection principle – as part of the concept of the internal market – is of high interest. While discovering the content of this principle, we underline different manners in which it can influence conflict of law rules. Our starting point consists in admitting the competence of the European Union for Private International Law matters. While demonstrating failures of the actual European conflict of law rules regarding their adaptability to legislative diversity, we discover that Member States tend to make increasingly use of unilateral mechanisms: Imperativeness is intended to assure Member States’ regulatory interests by designating the law of the forum state. For the purpose of this demonstration, we suggest to analyse the example of posted workers, among others. Territoriality has been observed in Conflict of Laws. This is problematic from the perspective of integration of the internal market, i.e. in our context, the European labour market. Therefore, we suggest that conflict of law rules should be adapted to the requirements of European regulatory interests. Lessons can be drawn from the concept of the internal market which leads us to examine a protective conflict of law rule aiming at integrating the worker into the labour market
Zernikow, Marcel. "Les règles de conflit de lois confrontées au marché intérieur : étude en droit international privé européen du travail." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D045.
Full textMobility of workers within the internal market of the European Union is growing constantly, whereas European integration in social matters remains incomplete. The absence of an exhaustively harmonised European Social Law is not only related to the minimum character of harmonisation but also to the lack of an overall competence in social matters. Due to diversity between labour legislations of the Member States, conflict of laws needs to be mobilized in order to guarantee effective freedom of movement. More precisely, Private International Law has the function of promoting the worker protection principle enshrined in free movement law. Our purpose is to analyse possible impacts of the law of the internal market on Conflict of Laws. The subject of the present study is on European Conflict of Laws. Inspired by national conflict of law mechanisms, European conflict of law rules should nowadays fit into the context of European Union Law and therefore adopt its principles. Among those, the worker protection principle – as part of the concept of the internal market – is of high interest. While discovering the content of this principle, we underline different manners in which it can influence conflict of law rules. Our starting point consists in admitting the competence of the European Union for Private International Law matters. While demonstrating failures of the actual European conflict of law rules regarding their adaptability to legislative diversity, we discover that Member States tend to make increasingly use of unilateral mechanisms: Imperativeness is intended to assure Member States’ regulatory interests by designating the law of the forum state. For the purpose of this demonstration, we suggest to analyse the example of posted workers, among others. Territoriality has been observed in Conflict of Laws. This is problematic from the perspective of integration of the internal market, i.e. in our context, the European labour market. Therefore, we suggest that conflict of law rules should be adapted to the requirements of European regulatory interests. Lessons can be drawn from the concept of the internal market which leads us to examine a protective conflict of law rule aiming at integrating the worker into the labour market
Abdo, Mohamed. "Conflits de valeurs et conflits de lois en droit international privé comparé : le cas du divorce." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0006.
Full textThis study aims to analyse and criticise the conflict of laws rules in matter of divorce from the viewpoint of comparative private international law. It takes the example of the French legal system and the Arab States multi-legislative legal systems. The adopted solutions in the resolution of conflicts of laws in matter of divorce are closely linked to the problem of value conflicts and even cannot be dissociated. This expresses not only the legal philosophy of the legislator and his affection by his values but also the judicial tendencies in legal practice. For that, the thesis answers the question to what extent the values of each legal system impact on the resolution of conflicts of laws in matter of divorce. To answer to this question, it needs to proceed through the pathway of the conflict rule. The conflictual and functional approach of the rules applicable to divorce suppose and imply effectively the scrutiny of the form and the intensity of the influence of values. Based on this conceptual framework, the thesis proceeds in two main parts. The first part examines the specificities of the compared legal systems while analysing the choice-of-law rules. This part demonstrates the influence of values on the choice-of-law rules. The second part assesses and examines the excessive importance attributed to the values of the forum state while applying the conflict of laws rules. Based on this assessment, this part illustrates the impact of the values of the legal systems by comparison with the challenges and the difficulties faced by judges while applying the choice-of-law rules
Bouyahia, Sabrine Maya. "La proximité en droit international privé de la famille français et tunisien : actualité et perspectives (étude des conflits de lois)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020103/document.
Full textThe following study is aimed to determine the broad place of the proximity in Private International Family Law within French and Tunisian legal systems. First of all, this analysis draw attention to the differences between countries in the identification of the connecting factor in abstract way within personal status matters as well as the methods used to designate it. Then, it underscores the deficiencies observed within the integration of this process in both countries.Thus, the general position of the Tunisian legislator which is in favor for connecting factor offamily relationships to nationality fits into a perspective research of proximity as provided in the Tunisian system. Unlike, the French system requires a different choice reflecting the composition of the French society. The proliferation of habitual residence in the French rules of conflictem bodies more than nationality, the connecting factor of proximity in France.However, the forecasts of pre-established rules of conflict are undeceived and may require, when applied, their correction in terms of conflict and material. Such corrections require the intervention of judges to verify the compliance of the result with the specificity of the relationship of law on one hand and the compliance of the provisions referred by the law of the Forum on the other hand. Nevertheless, when the legislator intervened, it becomes difficult to allow the assessment of the result pre-determined of the rule of law to the judge. Therefore, the appreciation of the judge for such prerogative is apprehended by legislators of both legal systems already studied because of the insecurity that could generate. Nonetheless, there are methods which allow the reconciliation of requirements of proximity withthose of legal security. Consequently, it would be more appropriate to identify them before proposing the necessary reforms within studied systems to better embody the proximity
Ramírez, Reyes Santiago. "L’affinement des mécanismes liés à l’ordre public dans le choix de la loi applicable aux contrats internationaux : regards franco-mexicain." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D088.
Full textThe concepts of public policy and overriding mandatory rules are to be found within the vocabulary of the general theory of conflict of laws. It is legitimate to ask whether this statement of principle can be illustrated by a French-Mexican comparison. The relevance of such a comparison may seem doubtful, given France's participation in a more or less unifying process, due to its membership of the European Union; whereas Mexico, on the other hand, is organized around a "federal pact". However, the comparison remains relevant as we can observe that the relationship between the nation-state and private international law inexorably passes through the prism of sovereignty and that France and Mexico remain masters of their sovereignty at the international level. This analysis is made possible thanks to the existence of a common historical background and a common legal culture, contractual matters are specifically targeted due to their high level of sensitivity to the influence of public policy. However, private international law has evolved since the identification and construction of the broad categories of the public policy and overriding mandatory rules, which have led to a number of developments whose orientation will have to be verified. These specification elements as multiple as they are varied, such as fundamental rights, protection of the weaker party, constitutional review and proportionality, among others, renders this study an opportunity to highlight the evolving nature of mechanisms related to public policy in international private contract law
Mojak, Karolina. "L'avenir du critère de la nationalité en droit international privé." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB191.
Full textThe decline of the nationality in private international law is nowadays an undeniable reality. The impact of an almost unconditional mobility of European citizens and the emergence of other connecting factors in the personal law result in the weakening of the nationality link, despite its historical role in determining the law applied to an individual. The weakening is confirmed by the modern European legislation and case law. This study seems essential to understand the foundations of nationality as the connecting factor and takes into account the important changes of the nationality and its uncertainty. Indeed, the evolution of the European private international law led to the switch of the connecting factor from nationality toward territorial nexuses. Particular significance is put on the nexus of habitual residence, which is considered to be more efficient and less discriminatory, and is retained by the main European regulations and judgments, not only in case of international divorces or parental authority, but also according to such matters as legal capacity. Furthermore, the superiority of human rights appears to be the essential reason for the acknowledgement of individuals as the quasi-subjects of international law, which resulted in the decline of nationality as a connecting factor. Consequently, the principles of non-discrimination and personal autonomy impact the further fields of personal law, e.g. disunion and heritage. In the light of these new paradigms, it should be questioned if it is possible to overcome the decadence of the nationality and authorize its part in some matters of the European private international law, as it was regulated in the new heritage European regulation. For these reasons, this study propose a methodology that determines the reasons of the fall of nationality as the nexus of the private international law, both in the conflict of laws and in the conflict of jurisdictions, and provides some reflections on its irreversibility
Ancel, Baudouin. "Lois de police et ordre public dans le droit des conflits (XIIe siècle-XXe siècle) : genèse et réception de l'article 3, alinéa 1er du Code civil." Thesis, Paris 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA020043.
Full textThis research aims at shedding light on the historical background of the avatars of two mechanisms now integrated into the French system of private international law: lois de police (i.e. overriding mandatory rules) and (international) ordre public (i.e. public policy). Both share the common feature of opposing the normal interplay of choice-of-law rules and rely on Art. 3, para. 1 of the 1804 Civil Code. Preventing by pre-emption infringements of utilitas publica vel communis or reacting to them by eviction from the normally applicable law, these two types of norms have emerged from a common history beginning with the antecedents of prohibitive and territorial statutes identified by medieval romano-canonical commentators. Then members of the Dutch and French Schools adapted the two concepts to the prevailing hypothesis at the end of the Ancien Régime, that of conflicts of sovereignties. In 1804, lois de police and ordre public were collected in the French Civil Code. Thanks to the joint work of scholars and case law, on the one hand, and to a reaction to the hybrid notion of lois d’ordre public that emerged over the next century, on the other hand, the distinction between the two concepts was made possible at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. As conflict of sovereignties declined, leading to a loss of interest in public law, or even in criminal law, and as a more private-law-driven representation arose, without ignoring, however, growing state interventionism, the distinction has been confirmed between the two concepts: lois de police or d’application immédiate, promoting the utilitas communis, and exception d’ordre public, defending fundamental values
Gavriloff, Julie. "Les méthodes du conflit de lois à l’épreuve du produit dérivé." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100047.
Full textThe derivative is a hedging instrument or an instrument for speculation. The derivative is usually used in international tansactions, and several legislative orders are in competition to govern the contract. The rules for choising a national law are confronted with the parties’ freedom and with the financial markets’ imperatives. The markets’ stability and security are very important. Parties can chose the law applicable to the contract. But the derivative can also be contracted on multilateral system, parties are abble to take financial collateral arrangements, and others laws can be involved
Larpvanichar, Ratchaneekorn. "Les contrats internationaux : étude comparative franco-thaïlandaise." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00856584.
Full textLarpvanichar, Ratchaneekorn. "Les contrats internationaux : étude comparative franco-thaïlandaise." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL20002.
Full textThe French system of Private International Law of Contract is highly developed, evidenced by a rich jurisprudence and doctrinal system. One of the leaders in the field, many of their legal concepts were widely accepted and adopted by other legal systems, first by European countries and then worldwide. However, because of their complementary and intertwined nature for each other, the French legal system cannot be studied apart from the European system. For this reason, this study covers not only an in depth examination of French Private International Law but also a general look at European Private International Law. The Thai system of Private International Law of Contracts, in comparison, is developing and needs significant legal reform, as soon as possible, in order to cooperate with other contracting States in ASEAN. Thus, this comparative study responds to the needs, and shows how to correctly apply the conflict of laws’ rules, including their exceptions, which could solve many problems occurring in the Thai legal system. Therefore questions on the applicable laws of contract and the settlement of disputes which derive from international contract law are objects of this study
Tamega, Paly. "L'Acte Uniforme relatif au droit commercial général et le conflit des lois." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLV022/document.
Full textThe Treaty for Business Law in Africa Harmonization was signed in Port Louis (Mauritius ) ,October 17, 1993 and entered into force on 18 September 1998. It was amended by the Treaty of Quebec on17 October 2008. This revised treaty entered into force March 21, 2010. The treaty 's main objective is toaddress the legal uncertainty and judicial existing in States parties . To do this , it adopted new Uniform Actsincluding the Uniform Act relating to general commercial law, following the AUDCG which is the subject ofour study. The OHADA Treaty has also established a Joint Court of Justice and Arbitration responsible forthe interpretation and uniform application of those acts .The AUDCG was adopted April 17, 1997 and entered into force on 1 January 1998. It was amendedDecember 15, 2010 and published in the Official Gazette of OHADA , February 15 , 2011. It entered intoforce on 15 May 2011. It is applicable in the same way in all Contracting States. The existence of such a setof rules to reduce the importance of the forum in the resolution of international disputes and reduce the needto resort to conflict rules that generate legal uncertainty. That is why OHADA law so general and especiallyAUDCG does not care or whatever conflict of laws.Yet the conflict of laws remain in OHADA . First, the AUDCG leaves the provisions of national law as longas they are not contrary to it. The AUDCG may also be subject to differing interpretations by national courtswhich are the ordinary courts of harmonized law.Furthermore, the AUDCG is part of an international legislative context involving a wealth of substantiverules subregional such as West Africa 's Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA) , the EconomicCommunity of States of West Africa (ECOWAS ) , the Economic and Monetary Community of CentralAfrica (CEMAC) and the Economic Community of Central African States and international substantive lawsuch as the CISG , Protocol of 11 April 1980 and the New York Convention of 14 June 1974 relating to thelimitation period in the international sale of goods .This interweaving of law born of conflict. So AUDCG persists in the conflict of laws and conflict ofsupranational norms .This thesis aims to investigate these conflicts as well as the principles of solutions that these should beapplied through the conflict of laws rules , the UNIDROIT Principles of the law of autonomy, arbitration
Deprez, Emmanuel. "Liberté contractuelle et le droit européen." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30061.
Full textProblem drives to analyze what is European right of contract. First part searches the sources of European freedom of contract. The multiplicity of rules and practices allows seeing a defect of definition. The first chapter underlines that the autonomy of the will is relative because it is subjective and it evolves according to the balances in contract. It determines that this freedom is joined and is partly the result from the Romano-Germanic civil code. The second chapter allows noticing that the autonomy of the will is henceforth a very relative principle in international private law.Pluralism of the law involves that the contractual freedom is a notion without spring neither stable nor established. The European private international law is under construction and organized in a functional waySecond part studies the European contractual freedom from the point of view of the substantive law. This freedom is a relative principle in symbiosis with the necessities of protection of the parties of contract and necessities of the European business. It is about a subjective principle because of the European law and order (it contains the economic law and order, the lois de police and the classic international law and order), and because of principles in the European construction. The first chapter draws the frame and the general structure of the European contractual freedom. It participates in the business and owes respect the essential principles of the Union in the direction of objective right-law (freedom of establishment, just competition, commercial equality); it is characterized by the European principal development and by the commercial practice. Second chapter notes that the freedom is integrated into the European Union. It is functional and finds balance by corresponding with the law and order to the subjective direction (protection of the weakest parties and the fundamental rights)
Archinard-Greil, Bérengère. "Lois de police et conflits de juridictions. (Essai sur la coordination des systèmes à l'aide de la notion d'ordre juridique prépondérant)." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE3036/document.
Full textIn times of mandatory provisions becoming more and more prevalent, based on conflict of law, the concept of mandatory enforcement appears to be somehow diluted regarding the liberal solutions found in conflicts of jurisdictions. In positive law, mandatory rules do not prevent the enforcement of a forum clause, no more than they are considered during the enforcement stage of decisions. While the application of these rules before foreign courts and arbitrators is very uncertain and does not raise obstacles to the recognition of foreign judgments or arbitral judgment which overlook them, choice of forum clauses has become an instrument of forum shopping in order to avoid mandatory regulations. This solution paradoxically induces a search for a solution to restore there international imperativity. This result has appeared as a consequence of the principle of separation of conflicts of law and conflicts of jurisdictions. That observation leads to ask questions about the possibility of an exemption to this general principle. Indeed, this encourages to consider the possibility to admit a correlation between forum and jus in order to establish imperative and exclusive competence, based on the applicability of such mandatory rules. This forum legis would require to maintain the litigation in its courts and could ensure their application in international relations. However, unilateralism that governs rules of judicial competence should involve the establishment of a mechanism of different legal systems coordination. Depending on the type of mandatory rules concerned, it could be based on an adapted form of forum non conveniens, on international judicial Co-operation processes, or be inspired by the method of reference to the competent legal order envisaged by P. Picone. The deployment of these solutions could be based on using preponderant state notion, that would be the one with the most widely public policy involved. It would lead to the recognition of the strong vocation of it to assert its views for the resolution of a dispute and would justify both the priority jurisdiction of its courts and circumspection of the other jurisdictional authorities to exercise their competence. Such a solution, tightly defined and justified in view of the importance of the interests involved, would provide a satisfactory solution to both harmoniously articulate the pursuit of liberal politics required in conflicts of jurisdictions with respect of public policy, and reconcile the protection of imperativities with the coordination of legal systems
Carlier, Peggy. "L'UTILISATION DE LA LEX FORI DANS LA RÉSOLUTION DES CONFLITS DE LOIS." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00287077.
Full textPrenant acte de ce constat, qu'il fonde sur des considérations sociologiques (ethnocentrisme) et pragmatiques (bonne administration de la justice), l'auteur entend réhabiliter la loi du for. Sans aller jusqu'à un legeforismo, dont la traduction pratique serait l'application systématique de la lex fori, un équilibre réaliste est proposé à partir d'un rapprochement des critères de rattachement et des chefs de compétence. Le vade-mecum de ce rapprochement offre alors les clés de la complémentarité qui doit exister entre la lex fori et la loi étrangère.
Boukaram, Sahar. "La protection des "parties faibles" dans le règlement "Rome I"." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1082.
Full textThe “internal market" generates international contracts within and outside Europe. The proliferation of these contracts in fact requires an internal market established as an "area of freedom, security and justice". Regulation "Rome I", instrument of private international and European law, displays the purpose of ensuring the contractual freedom and legal security per elaborating general rules of conflict of laws. The will of the European legislator to ensure contractual justice within the internal market give rise thus, to special rules of conflict of laws that protect the contracting parties in a weak position face their co-contractor in dominant position. Regulation "Rome I" consecrates conflict of laws rules protecting the interests of certain contracting parties, that it considers that they are "weak parties"; they are the workers, the consumers, the passengers traveling to or from their country of residence, the policyholders of mass risks located on European territory, as well as distributors and franchisees. However, the success of the internal market requires achieving a balance between contractual justice, contractual freedom and legal security, even under protective special rules of conflict of laws. This balance can be achieved by correctives of proximity. The corrective of proximity inserted as part of the protective special rules of conflict of laws not only participates in the main function of the rule of law conflict, namely the designation of the competence of the legal system most closely related to the contract, but also to the establishment and operation of an internal market, area of freedom, security and justice
Sindayigaya, Jean-Bosco. "Les lois d'application immédiate en droit international privé." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213574.
Full textCocteau-Senn, Delphine. "Dépecage et coordination dans le réglement des conflits de lois." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010287.
Full textFauvarque-Cosson, Bénédicte. "Libre disponibilité des droits et conflits de lois." Paris 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA020047.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study the influence of the notion of "libre disponibilite des droits" on the choice of law process. This notion tells how pleading and proof of foreign law must be done. It serves to determine the conflict rule's binding force towards the judge and the parties. The first part analyses the notion of "libre disponibilite des droits". The second part shows its incidence on the judge's role. If the parties' rights are "disponible", the judge is not bound to apply ex officio the foreign law, unless the conflict rule emanates from an international treaty. But, acco rding to the french civil law; the judge's mission is to apply the rule of law in all cases. At this point, the notion of "libre disponibilite" should not be taken into account. The third part of this thesis shows that the criterium still plays a fundamental role. The parties, whose rights are "disponibles" can impeach the judge to apply the conflict rule that designates a foreign law. Therefore, it is suggested that the judge should always be bound to apply ex officio the conflict rule, unless the parties have expressly asked him not to do so. To this effect, they must be able to dispose freely of their rights
Cornut-Nan, Bunna. "La construction du droit international privé cambodgien (conflits de lois)." Lyon 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO33051.
Full textThe recent economic integration of Cambodia on the regional and global scale leads to a significant rise in the number of conflicts in front of the Cambodian judge, involving some foreign element. Yet, he often feels helpless due to the paucity of the current system of Conflict of Laws. The Cambodian legislation is lacking on three points : - on sources : legal rules are scarce and often inconsistent; as to the jurisprudential rules; they are non existent ; - on the implementation : the Conflicts of law rules are not at all or badly implemented by the judge and suffer from the lack of a methodological pattern, - on the aims to be reached, which are, at best, ill-defined. The gap between the current legislation and the new requirements of the Cambodian society is a proof of the need for Cambodia to elaborate its own system, a full and consistent one, to regulate private international conflicts in order to better support the economic and social development of the country. This study aims at considering the concepts, the principles, the methods and the aims on which to start codifying Cambodian private international law which the country badly and urgently needs
Roman, Brigitte. "Les conflits de lois en matière d'adoption." Montpellier 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON10048.
Full textAdoption is currently called synonymous with foster filiation. In reality it is just a mere façade as rules of conflict of laws prove it. Judge created for adoption contract rules of conflict of laws. He brought contract of adoption to light. The case-law shows the importance of this always in obscurity part of adoption which must be looked upon as the first step in adoption before forest adoption. Judge used the contract of adoption to serve adoption interests themselves. He did it with a real and quite deep sens of opportunity. He succeded in non-applying some disturbing notions. This casual system has been stronger than any of its disadvantages. We are quite confident of maintaining such a position for the future
Leroy-Renault, Pascaline. "Les conflits de lois en matière de filiation." Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUED002.
Full textMalan, Alexandre. "Les conflits de conventions en droit international privé : conflits de lois." Paris 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA020046.
Full textGasse, Anne. "L'application immédiate des normes substantielles de droit international privé." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN0089.
Full textSindres, David. "La distinction des ordres et des systèmes juridiques dans les conflits de lois." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010298.
Full textStark, Laure. "L'internationalité en droit international privé." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCF005.
Full textInternationality is a central concept of private international law, which has however never been clearly defined. The construction of Europe and the several phenomena of despatialization brought about by globalization have made it even more difficult to grasp by introducing a differentiation between European and truly international situations and by partially calling into question the spatial localization of certain legal situations, qualified as transnational or even anational. The definitional difficulties that have always affected the notion of internationality are today gaining in visibility and importance as a result of the increase in the number of international situations. In this context, we first propose certain solutions to the most common problems of apprehension of internationality, as well as the adoption of a functional approach to the concept, which makes it possible to define its contours with satisfactory precision. Secondly, starting from the observation that the existence of internationality triggers the application of the rules of private international law, which lead to a legal regime that is often different and more favorable than that reserved for internal situations by domestic law, it is shown that this difference in treatment resulting from internationality is not always justified, in that it is not driven by the needs specific to internationality. Similarly, the appropriateness of establishing a legal regime specific to European situations as compared with truly international situations is partly questioned. With regard to the influence of European regionalization and despatialization on the regime of international situations, we finally partially question the appropriateness of the establishment by EU-law of a different legal regime for European situations and truly international situations, on the one hand, and conclude that the current methods of private international law are adequate to regulate transnational situations, on the other hand
Viangalli, François. "La théorie des conflits de lois et le droit communautaire." Aix-Marseille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX32053.
Full textLaurichesse, Céline. "La grève en droit international privé." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOD008/document.
Full textThe development of the strike in the international order can appreciate richness and diversity of the collective expression of workers, it also increased competition from different national laws. The absence of a regulation reflects the difficulty of controlling the legal concept and it creates a conflict of laws and courts. The need for the adoption of rules of conflict, which determines the law and the competent court, has therefore become necessary to provide an answer to this conflict problem. The character of the fundamental right to strike, however, requires to be special protection when its value is questioned by an authority designated by the conflict rule foreign law. As such, the conventional public policy exception allows oust usefully foreign law contrary to public policy. The requirement of the presence of links relevant connecting with the legal order and a certain degree of gravity of the alleged violation of the fundamental right to strike ensures a weighted intervention public policy exception. It constitutes an effective means of protecting the right to strike while remaining a mechanism whose intervention is exceptional
Ngoumtsa, Anou Gérard. "Droit OHADA et confllits de lois." Lyon 3, 2009. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2009_in_ngoumtsa-anou_g.pdf.
Full textSince its creation in 1993, the Organization for the harmonization of business law in Africa (OHBLA) has adopted common rules named « uniform acts ». These rules are intended to govern internal and international cases in all the member states, thus leading to the elimination of conflict of laws in the harmonised field. Such an influence of the community law on the conflicts of laws is, in reality, complex and limited. The first limitation is due to the gaps of uniform law which does not provide the solution to all questions in the field of business law prone to harmonization. Some conflicts therefore remain and can be solved according to national and community rules of conflict of laws. The OHBLA legal order uses these two solutions and has adopted common rules on the law applicable to the merits of the dispute in arbitration matters. Furthermore, substantive uniform law also applies to some external relations including non contracting states, when it is designated by the conflict rules. Lastly, community law uses private international law techniques like public policy and the method of international mandatory norms, to insure the protection of its values
Banamba, Boniface. "Les conflits de droits et de lois dans le système juridique camerounais." Paris 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA020109.
Full textThe aim in thesis is the study and the definition of the conflits which can arise from a multijural legal system as the cameroonian one. It starts by an introduction about the definition of the notionn of legal system and the debate which the idea implies in regards with a composite legal system, and also a description of the historical situation in cameroun. Two parts afterwards respectively explain the first, a typology of the conflis, and the second, different methods of the solutions of the conflicts. Typology of the conflicts is the question of not only to settle in such a diversity hypothesis of conflits, by distinguishing the wrong from those are true, but to specify the field where the true one can arise from. The second part is affected to the study of the solutions of the internal conflicts and international private law conflicts
Bahoken, Valeri Lesmont. "La méthode bilatérale de réglement des conflits de lois à l'épreuve des droits fondamentaux." Toulouse 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU10043.
Full textThe universal statement of the human rights of the United Nations of December 10th, 1948 marks the consecration on the international plan of the fundamental rights of the human person. Since then, all juridical orders are invited to be subject in the common ideal, which is that of respectability of the human person. The private international law, by its main method of conflicts of laws, bilateral method, will feel the strong pesanteur of the fundamental rights very early. The coexistence with in backdrop the preponderance of these rights appears. It is the cross fingers of bilateral method in all its stages. But the international society is always in the search of the affirmation of the absolutism of fundamental rights. These rights are applied more and more directly in the conflic of laws. The future of bilateral method, cultural dialogue and universality of fundamental rights is therefore at issue. The return of the "effet atténué de l'ordre public", "effet reflexe", and "ordre public de proximité" is desired. Very as the requirement of an antinomy between fundamental rights and methods of reglementation
Porcheron, Delphine. "La règle de l'accessoire et les conflits de lois en droit international privé." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA4005.
Full textThe « accessorium sequitur principale » maxim, as a general principle, is applied in different categories of rights and in different legal systems. However, its application is not homogeneous. Indeed, this maxim only means that the accessory may follow the principal. So, it can not be considered as a specific rule of conflict of laws. But, in order to respect the logical relation between the accessory and the principal element, the maxim could be used as a technique to deal with interference problems between those two elements. The application of the “accessorium sequitur principale” maxim could allow the respect of coherence among the legal rules of the legal systems. As an instrument to avoid the application of several laws to one complex situation, the “accessory rule” can be taken into consideration when the conflict of laws rule is construed or, if not at this stage, when the lex causae is applied
Saouzanet, Franck. "Les relations précontractuelles en droit international privé." Thesis, Le Havre, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LEHA0025.
Full textThe doctoral dissertation proposes to abolish, for the purpose of private international law, the compartmentalisation of the pre-contractual phase by adopting a unitary approach to the contract formation process. In this perspective, it is proposed to overcome the distinction between unformal pre-contractual relations and pre-contractual relations formalized by a preparatory contract, as well as the distinction between the pre-contractual phase and the final contract. The attraction of the intended contract leads to use its connecting factor in order to determine the law applicable to pre-contractual relations. This option could, whenever possible, be extended to conflicts of jurisdictions by considering that the competent judge is the judge of the intended contract
Guiziou-Péronne, Géraldine. "Les cyberdélits et le droit international privé." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010341.
Full textThe study focuses on the analysis of three different types of cybertorts : defamation, violation of the right to privacy and copyright infringements occurring on the Internet. Cybertorts are a recent phenomenon challenging conflict of laws rules. The difficulties arising from the application of traditional rules to these specific torts justify that a new way to deal with them be adopted as regards conflicts of laws rules and rules for jurisdiction. The proposals are dual. The first one builds on the difficulties of localization of cybertorts to suggest a new method. The positive methods based on an objective localization or on the target or destination of the website are inadequate. The study proposes a fictitious localization of cybertorts. The second one, building on the difficulties encountered by the victims of cybertorts when they act for the defense of their rights, suggests that they should be granted some protection. Indeed, the analysis shows the existence of an asymmetric relationship between the victim and the online intermediaries and the tortfeasor. Some protective rules appear to be necessary to strike a fair balance between the parties
Morel-Maroger, Juliette. "Les opérations de banque en droit international privé : (étude de conflits de lois)." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010268.
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